WO2024027135A1 - 一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法 - Google Patents

一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024027135A1
WO2024027135A1 PCT/CN2023/077069 CN2023077069W WO2024027135A1 WO 2024027135 A1 WO2024027135 A1 WO 2024027135A1 CN 2023077069 W CN2023077069 W CN 2023077069W WO 2024027135 A1 WO2024027135 A1 WO 2024027135A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
support part
jack
spectrum analyzer
wheel groove
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PCT/CN2023/077069
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马义良
李宇峰
关淳
王学成
宋立滨
徐加鹏
邵崇晖
祝海义
翁振宇
初世明
王健
刘洋
胡炳南
梁天赋
郭魁俊
赵洪羽
潘劭平
潘春雨
郑宏伟
程学亮
Original Assignee
哈电发电设备国家工程研究中心有限公司
哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司
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Application filed by 哈电发电设备国家工程研究中心有限公司, 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 filed Critical 哈电发电设备国家工程研究中心有限公司
Publication of WO2024027135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024027135A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H13/00—Measuring resonant frequency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine blades, specifically a static frequency testing system and testing method for steam turbine blades.
  • the static frequency of the blade reflects the quality and stiffness of the blade structure.
  • the static frequency of the blade reflects the quality and stiffness of the blade structure.
  • the stability of frequency dispersion provides an important guarantee for the dynamic frequency stability of the blade.
  • Solution 1 A static frequency testing system for steam turbine blades, including a hydraulic mechanism, a support mechanism, inlet and outlet oil pipes, a jack, a jack block and a dummy wheel groove.
  • the hydraulic mechanism is connected to the jack through the inlet and outlet oil pipes, and a dummy wheel is provided on the support mechanism.
  • groove, the blade root of the blade is assembled in the dummy wheel groove, the jack is arranged below the dummy wheel groove, the execution end of the jack is connected with a top block, the top block passes through the support mechanism and is arranged in the dummy wheel groove, the top block is connected with the blade root of the blade Abut;
  • the static frequency testing mechanism includes a modal hammer, an acceleration sensor, a spectrum analyzer hardware part and a spectrum analyzer software part.
  • the acceleration sensor is connected to the blade, and the modal hammer performs single-point excitation on the blade.
  • the hardware part of the spectrum analyzer is connected to the modal hammer and the acceleration sensor respectively.
  • the hardware part of the spectrum analyzer is used to collect the vibration signals of the blades.
  • the software part of the spectrum analyzer is integrated into the hardware part of the spectrum analyzer.
  • the software part of the spectrum analyzer converts the spectrum into The vibration signals collected by the analyzer hardware section are analyzed to obtain the frequency response function.
  • the hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, a fuel tank and a pressure gauge.
  • the hydraulic pump is connected to the fuel tank, the fuel tank is connected to the pressure gauge, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the jack through an inlet and outlet oil pipe.
  • the support mechanism includes a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a base platform.
  • the second support part and the third support part are symmetrically arranged on the base platform.
  • the first support part passes through the second support part.
  • the first support part and the third support part are installed on the base platform.
  • the dummy wheel groove is provided on the first support part.
  • a second square hole is processed on the first support part.
  • a first square hole is processed on the dummy wheel groove.
  • the first square hole Align longitudinally with the second square hole, and pass the top block through the second square hole and the first square hole cloth in sequence. Placed in the false wheel groove.
  • first through holes are processed on the dummy wheel groove
  • second through holes are processed on the first support part
  • threaded holes are processed on the base platform.
  • the first through holes and the second through holes are processed on the base platform.
  • the holes and the threaded holes are coaxially arranged, and the bolts pass through the first through holes and the second through holes in sequence and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the base platform.
  • first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the base platform are connected by welding.
  • Option 2 A test method based on the static frequency test system for steam turbine blades described in Option 1, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weld the first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the base platform together by welding and place them on the test site, and fix the dummy wheel groove on the first support part through bolts;
  • Step 2 Place the jack on the base platform, align the output end of the jack with the first square hole and the second square hole, place the top block through the second square hole and the first square hole in the dummy wheel groove, and place the jack The output end is in contact with the top block, and the blade root of the blade is assembled into the wheel groove of the dummy wheel groove;
  • Step 3 Connect the hydraulic pump to the oil tank and pressure gauge respectively, connect the inlet and outlet oil pipes between the hydraulic pump and the jack, turn on the hydraulic pump so that the jack lifts up the jacking block, and the jacking block jacks up the bottom of the blade root, blade root and dummy wheel.
  • the groove contact surface of the groove is subject to extrusion force, the blade is fixed under a determined support load, and the pressure of the hydraulic pump is monitored through a pressure gauge;
  • Step 4 Bond the acceleration sensor to the blade, connect the acceleration sensor to the spectrum analyzer hardware, connect the modal hammer to the spectrum analyzer hardware, and use the modal hammer to excite the blade at a single point.
  • An acceleration sensor is used to pick up single-point vibration, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the spectrum analyzer hardware department to implement signal low-pass filtering and analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the spectrum analyzer hardware department transmits the recorded vibration digital signal to the spectrum analyzer software department for spectrum analysis. The frequency response function is obtained, and the static frequency of the blade is obtained based on the frequency response function.
  • a static frequency testing system and testing method for steam turbine blades of the present invention uses a hydraulic mechanism, a jack and a jack block to accurately and reasonably fix the blades in the dummy wheel groove, thereby improving the stability of the blades during static frequency testing of steam turbine blades.
  • Fixed stability makes the data obtained in the static frequency test of the blade accurate and stable;
  • the static frequency testing system and testing method of the present invention for steam turbine blades obtains the static frequency of steam turbine blades in the spectrum analyzer system through modal hammer excitation and signal pickup of the acceleration sensor. It is a convenient and stable set of , accurate turbine blade static frequency testing system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a static frequency testing system for steam turbine blades
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the hydraulic mechanism and the jack
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the support mechanism and the dummy wheel groove
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the false wheel groove
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first support part
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the base platform
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the static frequency testing mechanism
  • 1-hydraulic mechanism, 2-support mechanism, 3-static frequency testing mechanism 1.1-hydraulic pump, 1.2-fuel tank, 1.3-pressure gauge, 1.4-inlet and outlet oil pipe, 1.5-jack, 1.6-jack block, 2.1-bolt , 2.2-Dummy wheel groove, 2.3-First support part, 2.4- Second support part, 2.5-third support part, 2.6-base platform, 2.7-first square hole, 2.8-second square hole, 2.9-first through hole, 2.10-second through hole, 2.11-threaded hole, 3.1-Modal force hammer, 3.2-Acceleration sensor, 3.3-Blade, 3.4-Spectrum analyzer hardware department, 3.5-Spectrum analyzer software department.
  • the connections mentioned in the present invention are divided into fixed connections and detachable connections.
  • the fixed connections that is, non-detachable connections
  • the detachable connection includes but is not limited to conventional disassembly methods such as threaded connection, snap connection, pin connection and hinge connection.
  • the specific connection method is not clearly defined, the default is that at least one connection method can always be found among the existing connection methods. To realize this function, those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example: choose welding connection for fixed connection and hinge connection for detachable connection.
  • connection In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • connection connection
  • fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • a static frequency testing system for steam turbine blades in this embodiment includes a hydraulic mechanism 1, a support mechanism 2, an inlet and outlet oil pipe 1.4, a jack 1.5, and a jack block 1.6 and dummy wheel groove 2.2, the hydraulic mechanism 1 is connected to the jack 1.5 through the inlet and outlet oil pipe 1.4, the support mechanism 2 is provided with a dummy wheel groove 2.2, the blade root of the blade 3.3 is assembled in the dummy wheel groove 2.2, and the jack 1.5 is arranged in the dummy wheel groove 2.2 Below, the execution end of the jack 1.5 is connected to a top block 1.6.
  • the top block 1.6 passes through the support mechanism 2 and is arranged in the dummy wheel groove 2.2.
  • the top block 1.6 is in contact with the blade root of the blade 3.3, and the blade 3.3 is connected to the static frequency testing mechanism 3.
  • the static frequency testing mechanism 3 is used to collect the static frequency of the blade 3.3.
  • the height of the top block 1.6 is 150mm, the length is 20mm, and the width is 35mm.
  • the dummy wheel groove 2.2 is used to fix the blade 3.3, and the dummy wheel groove 2.2 is 107mm high. , 253mm long and 200mm wide, with wheel grooves milled in the width direction according to the wheel groove line for assembling blade 3.3;
  • the hydraulic mechanism 1 includes a hydraulic pump 1.1, a fuel tank 1.2 and a pressure gauge 1.3.
  • the hydraulic pump 1.1 is connected to the fuel tank 1.2, and the fuel tank 1.2 is connected to the pressure gauge 1.3.
  • the hydraulic pump 1.1 is connected to the jack 1.5 through the inlet and outlet oil pipe 1.4, and is provided by the hydraulic pump 1.1.
  • Power is transmitted to the jack 1.5 through the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1.2 through the inlet and outlet oil pipe 1.4, so that the jack 1.5 drives the top block 1.6 to fix the blade root of the blade 3.3 in the dummy wheel groove 2.2, and detects the pressure of the hydraulic pump through the pressure gauge 1.3 to avoid
  • the excessive pressure output by jack 1.5 damages the blade root of blade 3.3, causing the blade root of blade 3.3 to be fixed under a certain support load;
  • the support mechanism 2 includes a first support part 2.3, a second support part 2.4, a third support part 2.5 and a base platform 2.6.
  • the second support part 2.4 and the third support part 2.5 are symmetrically arranged on the base platform 2.6.
  • the first support part The part 2.3 is installed on the base platform 2.6 through the second support part 2.4 and the third support part 2.5.
  • the dummy wheel groove 2.2 is provided on the first support part 2.3.
  • a second square hole 2.8 is processed on the first support part 2.3.
  • the dummy wheel A first square hole 2.7 is processed on the groove 2.2.
  • the first square hole 2.7 is longitudinally aligned with the second square hole 2.8.
  • the top block 1.6 passes through the second square hole 2.8 and the first square hole 2.7 in sequence and is arranged in the dummy wheel groove 2.2.
  • the first support part 2.3, the second support part 2.4, the third support part 2.5 and the base platform 2.6 are connected by welding.
  • the structure of the first supporting part 2.4 is the same as that of the third supporting part 2.5. They are both rectangular parallelepipeds with a height of 150mm, a length of 100mm and a width of 200mm.
  • the bottom platform 2.6 is a rectangular parallelepiped with a height of 80mm, a length of 633mm and a width of 400mm.
  • the first supporting part 2.2 A rectangular parallelepiped with a height of 80mm, a length of 433mm, and a width of 200mm is drilled into a second square hole 2.8 with a height of 80mm, a length of 20mm, and a width of 35.5mm at the center of the first support part 2.3.
  • Four first through holes 2.9 with a diameter of 36.5mm are bored out in the height direction of the dummy wheel groove 2.2.
  • first support part 2.2 On the first support part 2.2 Four second through holes 2.10 with a diameter of 36.5mm are bored at corresponding positions, and four threaded holes 2.11 with a diameter of 36mm are bored at corresponding positions on the base platform 2.6.
  • the bolts 2.1 pass through the first through holes 2.9 and the second through holes in sequence.
  • 2.10 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 2.11 of the base platform 2.6.
  • the diameter of the bolt 2.1 is 36mm and the length is 397mm;
  • the static frequency testing mechanism 3 includes a modal force hammer 3.1, an acceleration sensor 3.2, a spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 and a spectrum analyzer software part 3.5.
  • the acceleration sensor 3.2 is connected to the blade 3.3, and the modal force hammer 3.1 performs a single test on the blade 3.3.
  • the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 is connected to the modal hammer 3.1 and the acceleration sensor 3.2 respectively.
  • the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 is used to collect the vibration signal of the blade 3.3.
  • the spectrum analyzer software part 3.5 is integrated into the spectrum analyzer.
  • the hardware part 3.4 and the spectrum analyzer software part 3.5 analyze the vibration signals collected by the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 to obtain the frequency response function.
  • the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 is the LMS data acquisition device, and the spectrum analyzer software part 3.5 is the LMS mode. analysis system.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7.
  • a testing method of a static frequency testing system for steam turbine blades in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Weld the first support part 2.3, the second support part 2.4, the third support part 2.5 and the base platform 2.6 together by welding and place them on the test site. Fix the dummy wheel groove 2.2 to the first support through bolts 2.1 Part 2.3;
  • Step 2 Place the jack 1.5 on the base platform 2.6. Align the output end of the jack 1.5 with the first square hole 2.7 and the second square hole 2.8. Place the top block 1.6 through the second square hole 2.8 and the first square hole 2.7. In the dummy wheel groove 2.2, contact the output end of the jack 1.5 with the top block 1.6, and assemble the blade root of the blade 3.3 into the wheel groove of the dummy wheel groove 2.2;
  • Step 3 Connect the hydraulic pump 1.1 to the oil tank 1.2 and the pressure gauge 1.3 respectively. Connect the hydraulic pump 1.1 and the jack 1.5 to the inlet and outlet oil pipe 1.4. Turn on the hydraulic pump 1.1 so that the jack 1.5 jacks up the jacking block 1.6 and the jacking block 1.6 jacks up the blades. At the bottom of the blade root of 3.3, the contact surface between the blade root and the false wheel groove 2.2 is subjected to extrusion force. The blade 3.3 is fixed under a determined support load, and the pressure of the hydraulic pump 1.1 is monitored through the pressure gauge 1.3;
  • Step 4 Bond the acceleration sensor 3.2 to the blade 3.3, connect the acceleration sensor 3.2 to the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4, connect the modal hammer 3.1 to the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4, and pair it with the modal hammer 3.1.
  • the blade 3.3 performs single-point excitation, uses the acceleration sensor 3.2 to pick up the vibration at a single point, and transmits the vibration signal to the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 to implement signal low-pass filtering and analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 will record the vibration numbers.
  • the signal is transmitted to the spectrum analyzer software part 3.5 for analysis to obtain the frequency response function, and the static frequency of the blade 3.3 is obtained according to the frequency response function;
  • the static frequency testing mechanism 3 uses a data acquisition device, a force hammer, a modal analysis system, and an acceleration sensor to obtain the frequency response function, and the frequency response function determines the static frequency of the blade;
  • step 4 the specific steps to obtain the static frequency of blade 3.3 through the spectrum analyzer hardware part 3.4 and the spectrum analyzer software part 3.5 are:
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • the response signal is required to decay to zero within the sampling period
  • the frequency response function can be expressed as:
  • N The number of vibration modes that affect the dynamic response of the structure within the analysis frequency band
  • ⁇ k The pole of the kth order mode
  • the information contained in the frequency response function is related to the frequency and damping of the system.
  • the peak value of the frequency response function appears at the resonance frequency of the system.
  • the frequency response function can be used to determine the static frequency of the blade.

Abstract

一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，属于汽轮机叶片测试技术领域。系统包括液压机构（1）、支撑机构（2）、进出油管（1.4），千斤顶（1.5）、顶块（1.6）和假轮槽（2.2），液压机构（1）通过进出油管（1.4）与千斤顶（1.5）连接，支撑机构（2）上设置有假轮槽（2.2），叶片（3.3）的叶根装配在假轮槽内（2.2），千斤顶（1.5）布置在假轮槽（2.2）下方，千斤顶（1.5）的执行端连接有顶块（1.6），顶块（1.6）穿过支撑机构（2）布置在假轮槽（2.2）内，顶块（1.6）与叶片（3.3）的叶根抵接。静频率测试系统提高了在静频率测试时对于叶片的固定稳定性，使叶片的静频率测试得到的数据更加精准、稳定。以及一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试方法。

Description

一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法 技术领域
本发明涉及汽轮机叶片技术领域，具体为一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法。
背景技术
汽轮机叶片在机械加工后，为了检验每只叶片加工质量的一致性，需要对叶片进行叶片称重、重量矩测试、以及静频率测试，其中叶片的静频率反应了叶片结构的质量和刚度，静频率分散度的稳定性，给叶片的动频率稳定性带来了重要保障。但是目前汽轮机叶片的静频率测试方法以及固定结构是多种多样，有用虎钳固定叶片进行静频率测试的，也有采用对叶片非接触进行固定后进行静频率测试的，这对叶片静频率的稳定性和精确性带来了严重的影响。
针对上述问题，亟需一种在叶片进行静频率测试时固定结构稳定，提高叶片静频率测试数据的精准性和稳定性的汽轮机叶片静频率测试系统。
发明内容
本发明研发目的是为了解决目前对于静叶片的静频率测试工作对于叶片的固定方式不稳定，导致叶片静频率测试数据不够精准的问题，在下文中给出了关于本发明的简要概述，以便提供关于本发明的某些方面的基本理解。应当理解，这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分，也不是意图限定本发明的范围。
本发明的技术方案：
方案一：一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，包括液压机构、支撑机构、进出油管，千斤顶、顶块和假轮槽，液压机构通过进出油管与千斤顶连接，支撑机构上设置有假轮槽，叶片的叶根装配在假轮槽内，千斤顶布置在假轮槽下方，千斤顶的执行端连接有顶块，顶块穿过支撑机构布置在假轮槽内，顶块与叶片的叶根抵接；
还包括静频率测试机构，静频率测试机构包括模态力锤、加速度传感器、频谱分析仪硬件部和频谱分析仪软件部，加速度传感器与叶片连接，模态力锤对叶片进行单点激振，频谱分析仪硬件部分别与模态力锤和加速度传感器建立连接，频谱分析仪硬件部用于收集叶片的振动信号，频谱分析仪软件部集成于频谱分析仪硬件部，频谱分析仪软件部将频谱分析仪硬件部收集到的振动信号分析得到频响函数。
进一步的，所述液压机构包括液压泵，油箱和压力表，液压泵与油箱连接，油箱与压力表连接，液压泵通过进出油管与千斤顶连接。
进一步的，所述支撑机构包括第一支撑部、第二支撑部、第三支撑部和底座平台，第二支撑部和第三支撑部对称设置在底座平台上，第一支撑部通过第二支撑部和第三支撑部安装在底座平台上，假轮槽设置在第一支撑部上，第一支撑部上加工有第二方孔，假轮槽上加工有第一方孔，第一方孔与第二方孔纵向对齐，顶块依次穿过第二方孔和第一方孔布 置在假轮槽内。
进一步的，所述假轮槽上加工有多个第一通孔，第一支撑部上加工有多个第二通孔，底座平台上加工有多个螺纹孔，第一通孔、第二通孔和螺纹孔同轴布置，螺栓依次穿过第一通孔和第二通孔与底座平台的螺纹孔螺纹连接。
进一步的，所述第一支撑部、第二支撑部、第三支撑部和底座平台采用焊接的方式连接。
方案二：基于方案一所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统的测试方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将第一支撑部，第二支撑部、第三支撑部和底座平台通过焊接的方式焊接一体后放置在测试场地，将假轮槽通过螺栓固定在第一支撑部上；
步骤二：将千斤顶放置在底座平台上，千斤顶的输出端与第一方孔和第二方孔对齐，将顶块穿过第二方孔和第一方孔放置在假轮槽内，将千斤顶的输出端与顶块接触，将叶片的叶根装配到假轮槽的轮槽内；
步骤三：将液压泵分别与油箱和压力表连接，将液压泵与千斤顶之间连接进出油管，开启液压泵使千斤顶顶起顶块，顶块顶起叶片的叶根底部，叶根和假轮槽的轮槽接触面受到挤压力，叶片在确定的支撑载荷在被固定，通过压力表监测液压泵的压力；
步骤四：将加速度传感器粘接在叶片上，加速度传感器连接到频谱分析仪硬件部上，将模态力锤连接在频谱分析仪硬件部上，通过模态力锤对叶片进行单点激振，采用加速度传感器进行单点拾振，将振动信号传输给频谱分析仪硬件部实现信号低通滤波和模数转换，频谱分析仪硬件部将记录的振动数字信号传输给频谱分析仪软件部进行频谱分析得到频响函数，根据频响函数获取叶片的静频率。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法采用液压机构、千斤顶以及顶块将叶片准确、合理的固定在假轮槽内，提高在汽轮机叶片静频率测试时对于叶片固定的稳定性，使叶片在静频率测试中得到的数据精准，稳定；
2、本发明的的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统及测试方法通过模态力锤激励，加速度传感器的信号拾取，在频谱分析仪系统得到汽轮机叶片静频率，是一套便捷、稳定、精准的汽轮机叶片静频率测试系统。
附图说明
图1是一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统整体结构示意图；
图2是液压机构与千斤顶的配合关系示意图；
图3是支撑机构与假轮槽的配合关系示意图；
图4是假轮槽的结构示意图；
图5是第一支撑部的结构示意图；
图6是底座平台的结构示意图；
图7是静频率测试机构的示意图；
图中1-液压机构，2-支撑机构，3-静频率测试机构，1.1-液压泵，1.2-油箱，1.3-压力表，1.4-进出油管，1.5-千斤顶，1.6-顶块，2.1-螺栓，2.2-假轮槽，2.3-第一支撑部，2.4- 第二支撑部，2.5-第三支撑部，2.6-底座平台，2.7-第一方孔，2.8-第二方孔，2.9-第一通孔，2.10-第二通孔，2.11-螺纹孔，3.1-模态力锤，3.2-加速度传感器，3.3-叶片，3.4-频谱分析仪硬件部，3.5-频谱分析仪软件部。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了，下面通过附图中示出的具体实施例来描述本发明。但是应该理解，这些描述只是示例性的，而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。
本发明所提到的连接分为固定连接和可拆卸连接，所述固定连接(即为不可拆卸连接)包括但不限于折边连接、铆钉连接、粘结连接和焊接连接等常规固定连接方式，所述可拆卸连接包括但不限于螺纹连接、卡扣连接、销钉连接和铰链连接等常规拆卸方式，未明确限定具体连接方式时，默认为总能在现有连接方式中找到至少一种连接方式能够实现该功能，本领域技术人员可根据需要自行选择。例如：固定连接选择焊接连接，可拆卸连接选择铰链连接。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1，结合图1-图7说明本实施例，本实施例的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，包括液压机构1、支撑机构2、进出油管1.4，千斤顶1.5、顶块1.6和假轮槽2.2，液压机构1通过进出油管1.4与千斤顶1.5连接，支撑机构2上设置有假轮槽2.2，叶片3.3的叶根装配在假轮槽2.2内，千斤顶1.5布置在假轮槽2.2下方，千斤顶1.5的执行端连接有顶块1.6，顶块1.6穿过支撑机构2布置在假轮槽2.2内，顶块1.6与叶片3.3的叶根抵接，叶片3.3与静频率测试机构3连接，静频率测试机构3用于采集叶片3.3的静频率，本实施例中，顶块1.6的高为150mm，长20mm、宽35mm，假轮槽2.2用于固定叶片3.3，假轮槽2.2高107mm，长253mm、宽200mm，在宽度方向按轮槽型线铣出轮槽，用于装配叶片3.3；
所述液压机构1包括液压泵1.1，油箱1.2和压力表1.3，液压泵1.1与油箱1.2连接，油箱1.2与压力表1.3连接，液压泵1.1通过进出油管1.4与千斤顶1.5连接，通过液压泵1.1提供动力，将油箱1.2内的液压油通过进出油管1.4传输给千斤顶1.5，使千斤顶1.5带动顶块1.6将叶片3.3的叶根固定在假轮槽2.2内，通过压力表1.3检测液压泵的压力，避免千斤顶1.5输出的压力过高损坏叶片3.3的叶根，使叶片3.3的叶根在确定的支撑载荷下被固定；
所述支撑机构2包括第一支撑部2.3、第二支撑部2.4、第三支撑部2.5和底座平台2.6，第二支撑部2.4和第三支撑部2.5对称设置在底座平台2.6上，第一支撑部2.3通过第二支撑部2.4和第三支撑部2.5安装在底座平台2.6上，假轮槽2.2设置在第一支撑部2.3上，第一支撑部2.3上加工有第二方孔2.8，假轮槽2.2上加工有第一方孔2.7，第一方孔2.7与第二方孔2.8纵向对齐，顶块1.6依次穿过第二方孔2.8和第一方孔2.7布置在假轮槽2.2内，第一支撑部2.3、第二支撑部2.4、第三支撑部2.5和底座平台2.6采用焊接的方式连接，第二支撑 部2.4与第三支撑部2.5结构相同，其高度均为150mm、长度为100mm、宽度为200mm的长方体，底部平台2.6的高度为80mm、长度为633mm、宽度为400mm的长方体，第一支撑部2.2的高度为80mm、长度为433mm、宽度为200mm的长方体，在第一支撑部2.3的中心位置高度方向镗出高80mm、长20mm、宽35.5mm的第二方孔2.8，在假轮槽2.2的中心位置高度方向镗出高150mm、长20mm、宽35.5mm的第一方孔2.7，在假轮槽2.2高度方向镗出四个直径36.5mm的第一通孔2.9，在第一支撑部2.2上对应位置镗出四个直径36.5mm的第二通孔2.10，在底座平台2.6上对应位置上镗出四个直径36mm的螺纹孔2.11，螺栓2.1依次穿过第一通孔2.9和第二通孔2.10与底座平台2.6的螺纹孔2.11螺纹连接，螺栓2.1的直径为36mm，长度为397mm；
所述静频率测试机构3包括模态力锤3.1、加速度传感器3.2、频谱分析仪硬件部3.4和频谱分析仪软件部3.5，加速度传感器3.2与叶片3.3连接，模态力锤3.1对叶片3.3进行单点激振，频谱分析仪硬件部3.4分别与模态力锤3.1和加速度传感器3.2建立连接，频谱分析仪硬件部3.4用于收集叶片3.3的振动信号，频谱分析仪软件部3.5集成于频谱分析仪硬件部3.4，频谱分析仪软件部3.5将频谱分析仪硬件部3.4收集到的振动信号分析得到频响函数，频谱分析仪硬件部3.4为LMS数据采集装置，频谱分析仪软件部3.5为LMS模态分析系统。
实施例2，结合图1-图7说明本实施例，本实施例的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统的测试方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将第一支撑部2.3，第二支撑部2.4、第三支撑部2.5和底座平台2.6通过焊接的方式焊接一体后放置在测试场地，将假轮槽2.2通过螺栓2.1固定在第一支撑部2.3上；
步骤二：将千斤顶1.5放置在底座平台2.6上，千斤顶1.5的输出端与第一方孔2.7和第二方孔2.8对齐，将顶块1.6穿过第二方孔2.8和第一方孔2.7放置在假轮槽2.2内，将千斤顶1.5的输出端与顶块1.6接触，将叶片3.3的叶根装配到假轮槽2.2的轮槽内；
步骤三：将液压泵1.1分别与油箱1.2和压力表1.3连接，将液压泵1.1与千斤顶1.5之间连接进出油管1.4，开启液压泵1.1使千斤顶1.5顶起顶块1.6，顶块1.6顶起叶片3.3的叶根底部，叶根和假轮槽2.2的轮槽接触面受到挤压力，叶片3.3在确定的支撑载荷在被固定，通过压力表1.3监测液压泵1.1的压力；
步骤四：将加速度传感器3.2粘接在叶片3.3上，加速度传感器3.2连接到频谱分析仪硬件部3.4上，将模态力锤3.1连接在频谱分析仪硬件部3.4上，通过模态力锤3.1对叶片3.3进行单点激振，采用加速度传感器3.2进行单点拾振，将振动信号传输给频谱分析仪硬件部3.4实现信号低通滤波和模数转换，频谱分析仪硬件部3.4将记录的振动数字信号传输给频谱分析仪软件部3.5进行分析得到频响函数，根据频响函数获取叶片3.3的静频率；
静频率测试机构3采用数据采集装置、力锤、模态分析系统、加速度传感器获得频响函数，频响函数确定叶片静频率；
所述步骤四中通过频谱分析仪硬件部3.4和频谱分析仪软件部3.5获取叶片3.3静频率的具体步骤为：：
1、通过低通、模拟滤波器，滤掉高频成分；
2、模数转换器(ADC)必须设置合适的电压量程；
3、要求响应信号在采样周期内衰减到零；
4、采集完成后，检查所有测点的时域信号；
5、对时域信号经FFT快速傅里叶变换计算获取模态数据的两个重要的函数：频响函数(FRF)和相干函数。
对于单自由度系统，频响函数可以表示为：
相应地，多自由度FRF的测量值与模态参数之间的关系式则为：
其中：
hij(ω)：响应自由度i与参考自由度j之间的FRF；
N：影响分析频带内结构动力响应的振动模态数；
rijk：第k阶模态的留数；
λk：第k阶模态的极点；
频响函数包含的信息与系统的频率和阻尼有关，频响函数的峰值出现在系统的共振频率处，可以使用频响函数确定叶片静频率。
本实施例只是对本专利的示例性说明，并不限定它的保护范围，本领域技术人员还可以对其局部进行改变，只要没有超出本专利的精神实质，都在本专利的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，其特征在于：包括液压机构(1)、支撑机构(2)、进出油管(1.4)，千斤顶(1.5)、顶块(1.6)和假轮槽(2.2)，液压机构(1)通过进出油管(1.4)与千斤顶(1.5)连接，支撑机构(2)上设置有假轮槽(2.2)，叶片(3.3)的叶根装配在假轮槽(2.2)内，千斤顶(1.5)布置在假轮槽(2.2)下方，千斤顶(1.5)的执行端连接有顶块(1.6)，顶块(1.6)穿过支撑机构(2)布置在假轮槽(2.2)内，顶块(1.6)与叶片(3.3)的叶根抵接；
    还包括静频率测试机构(3)，静频率测试机构(3)包括模态力锤(3.1)、加速度传感器(3.2)、频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)和频谱分析仪软件部(3.5)，加速度传感器(3.2)与叶片(3.3)连接，模态力锤(3.1)对叶片(3.3)进行单点激振，频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)分别与模态力锤(3.1)和加速度传感器(3.2)建立连接，频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)用于收集叶片(3.3)的振动信号，频谱分析仪软件部(3.5)集成于频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)，频谱分析仪软件部(3.5)将频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)收集到的振动信号分析得到频响函数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，其特征在于：所述液压机构(1)包括液压泵(1.1)，油箱(1.2)和压力表(1.3)，液压泵(1.1)与油箱(1.2)连接，油箱(1.2)与压力表(1.3)连接，液压泵(1.1)通过进出油管(1.4)与千斤顶(1.5)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，其特征在于：所述支撑机构(2)包括第一支撑部(2.3)、第二支撑部(2.4)、第三支撑部(2.5)和底座平台(2.6)，第二支撑部(2.4)和第三支撑部(2.5)对称设置在底座平台(2.6)上，第一支撑部(2.3)通过第二支撑部(2.4)和第三支撑部(2.5)安装在底座平台(2.6)上，假轮槽(2.2)设置在第一支撑部(2.3)上，第一支撑部(2.3)上加工有第二方孔(2.8)，假轮槽(2.2)上加工有第一方孔(2.7)，第一方孔(2.7)与第二方孔(2.8)纵向对齐，顶块(1.6)依次穿过第二方孔(2.8)和第一方孔(2.7)布置在假轮槽(2.2)内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，其特征在于：所述假轮槽(2.2)上加工有多个第一通孔(2.9)，第一支撑部(2.3)上加工有多个第二通孔(2.10)，底座平台(2.6)上加工有多个螺纹孔(2.11)，第一通孔(2.9)、第二通孔(2.10)和螺纹孔(2.11)同轴布置，螺栓(2.1)依次穿过第一通孔(2.9)和第二通孔(2.10)与底座平台(2.6)的螺纹孔(2.11)螺纹连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统，其特征在于：所述第一支撑部(2.3)、第二支撑部(2.4)、第三支撑部(2.5)和底座平台(2.6)采用焊接的方式连接。
  6. 权利要求4所述的一种用于汽轮机叶片的静频率测试系统的测试方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤一：将第一支撑部(2.3)，第二支撑部(2.4)、第三支撑部(2.5)和底座平台(2.6)通过焊接的方式焊接一体后放置在测试场地，将假轮槽(2.2)通过螺栓(2.1)固定在第一支撑部(2.3)上；
    步骤二：将千斤顶(1.5)放置在底座平台(2.6)上，千斤顶(1.5)的输出端与第一方孔(2.7)和第二方孔(2.8)对齐，将顶块(1.6)穿过第二方孔(2.8)和第一方孔(2.7)放置在假轮槽(2.2)内，将千斤顶(1.5)的输出端与顶块(1.6)接触，将叶片(3.3)的叶根装配到假轮槽(2.2)的轮槽内；
    步骤三：将液压泵(1.1)分别与油箱(1.2)和压力表(1.3)连接，将液压泵(1.1)与千斤顶(1.5)之间连接进出油管(1.4)，开启液压泵(1.1)使千斤顶(1.5)顶起顶块(1.6)，顶块(1.6)顶起叶片(3.3)的叶根底部，叶根和假轮槽(2.2)的轮槽接触面受到挤压力，叶片(3.3)在确定的支撑载荷在被固定，通过压力表(1.3)监测液压泵(1.1)的压力；
    步骤四：将加速度传感器(3.2)粘接在叶片(3.3)上，加速度传感器(3.2)连接到频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)上，将模态力锤(3.1)连接在频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)上，通过模态力锤(3.1)对叶片(3.3)进行单点激振，采用加速度传感器(3.2)进行单点拾振，将振动信号传输给频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)实现信号低通滤波和模数转换，频谱分析仪硬件部(3.4)将记录的振动数字信号传输给频谱分析仪软件部(3.5)进行频谱分析得到频响函数，根据频响函数获取叶片(3.3)的静频率。
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