WO2024026951A1 - Electro-optical material and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an electro-optical material, which is used for forming a display assembly in combination with a functional layer having a transparent conductive layer. Compared with electrophoretic display devices in the existing technology, a PET part is removed, the loss of light energy can be reduced and the display effect is effectively increased. The electro-optical material comprises a first glue layer, the first glue layer being formed by liquid first glue coated on a first release film; an electrophoretic medium layer, the electrophoretic medium being formed by a liquid electrophoretic medium coated on the first glue layer; and a second glue layer, the second glue layer being formed by liquid second glue covering the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer. The functional layer comprises a color filter layer, a light guide plate and a touch display layer.

Description

An electro-optical material and its manufacturing method Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of electro-optical components of electro-optical displays, and specifically to an electro-optical material and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Electro-optical material is a term used herein in its ordinary sense in the art to refer to a material that has at least one first and second display state that differ in optical properties and that changes from its state when an electric field is applied to the material. The first display state changes to its second display state. The optical property is usually the color perceptible to the human eye, but may be another optical property such as optical transmission, reflection, luminescence, or in the case where machine reading displays are desired, reflection at electromagnetic wavelengths outside the visible range Change the perception of pseudo-color.

The applicant published patent CN102253502A on November 23, 2011, which discloses an electro-optical component, including first and second substrates, a glue layer and an electro-optical material layer located between the first and second substrates. The layer includes a mixture of polymeric binder material and additives selected from the group consisting of salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, solid electrolytes, and combinations thereof. wherein one of the first and second substrates or both the first and second substrates include electrodes. Recently authorized disclosure of CN100350323C, CN100357993C, CN100390819C, CN101082752B, CN101271239B, CN101738814B, CN103365018B, CN103424947B, CN103540162B, CN103834285B , CN103045151B, CN103091926B, CN103111208B, CN103173040B, CN104073210B, CN104073109B, CN105807531B, CN105845087B, CN105800363B, CN105097945B, CN105 261652B, CN105023951B, CN105070736B, CN106520111B , CN106967379B, CN106883808, CN108059852B, CN108447406B, CN109535355B, CN110111746B, CN111048046B, US9,759,976B2, EP2477066B1, US9,318,059B2, EP2 555181B1, JP5607231B2, US10,935,711B2, EP3121628B1 and US11124655B2.

For example, in several of the aforementioned granted patent texts, an encapsulated electrophoretic medium containing capsules in a binder is coated onto a flexible substrate including indium tin oxide (ITO) or a similar conductive coating (which is used as the final One electrode of a display) is coated on a plastic film and the capsule/binder coating dries to form an adhesive layer that firmly bonds the electrophoretic medium to the substrate. The conductive layer is conveniently a thin metal layer, for example aluminum or indium tin oxide, or may be a conductive polymer. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films coated with aluminum or ITO are commercially available, such as "Aluminized" from E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington DE.

The applicant found that the industry generally adopts the above structure. At least one substrate in the electro-optical component has the conductive layer. The conductive layer is ITO and the substrate is PET. The thickness is generally between 0.01mm and 0.2mm. The applicant believes that if PET can be removed, the display effect can be further improved.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides an electro-optical material, which is used to form a display component when combined with a functional layer having a transparent conductive layer. Compared with the existing technology, the electro-optical material removes the PET part, which can reduce the loss of light energy and effectively improve display effect.

The present invention provides an electro-optical material for use in combination with a functional layer having a transparent conductive layer to form a display component. The electro-optical material includes:

A first glue layer, the first glue layer is formed by a first liquid glue coated on the first release film;

Electrophoretic medium layer, the electrophoretic medium layer is formed of a liquid electrophoretic medium coated on the first glue layer, the electrophoretic medium includes a plurality of capsules and an adhesive surrounding the capsules, the capsules include capsule walls, a suspension fluid coating the capsule wall and a plurality of electrophoretic pigment particles suspended in the suspension fluid and capable of moving through the fluid when an electric field is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic pigment particles including negatively charged electrophoretic pigment particles and electrically neutral electrophoretic pigment particles; the contact surface between the electrophoretic medium layer and the first glue layer is a flat surface, and the other side of the electrophoretic medium layer presents an uneven surface due to numerous capsule differences;

a second glue layer, the second glue layer is formed of a liquid second glue covering the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer;

The functional layer includes at least one or any combination of a color filter layer, a light guide plate, a touch display layer and a protective layer.

optional,

The volume resistivity of the first glue layer is 1*10 ⁵ to 1*10 ¹⁰ (Ω.cm).

optional,

The thickness of the first glue layer is 0.1-10 μm.

optional,

The thickness of the second glue layer is 0.1-50 μm.

optional,

The thickness of the second glue layer is 5-35 μm.

optional,

The volume resistivity of the second glue layer is 1*10 ⁷ to 1*10 ¹² (Ω.cm).

optional,

The first glue and the second glue each include a high molecular polymer, and the high molecular polymer includes a polyurethane polymer or a copolymer of polyurethane and acrylic acid.

optional,

The polymer molecular weight in the second glue layer is distributed between 10,000 and 50,000.

optional,

The polymer in the second glue layer includes ionic groups, which refer to carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, amine groups and their salt-forming products. The mass proportion of carboxylic acid groups is 0.1% to 10% of sulfonic acid groups, The mass proportion of amine groups is 0.1% to 1.5%.

optional,

The molecular weight of the polymer in the first glue layer is distributed between 20,000 and 70,000.

optional,

The polymer in the first glue layer includes ionic groups, and the ionic groups of the polymer refer to carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, amine groups and their salt-forming products;

The ionic group content of the polymer is 0% to 10% by mass of carboxylic acid groups, and 0% to 3% by mass of sulfonic acid groups and amine groups.

The present invention also provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing the electro-optical material as described above, including:

Coating the first liquid glue on the first release film, and forming a first glue layer after drying;

Coating the second glue on the second release film, and forming a second glue layer after drying;

Coating a liquid electrophoretic medium on the first glue layer, and forming an electrophoretic medium layer after drying;

The electrophoretic medium layer and the second glue are laminated so that the second glue covers the inter-capsule steps generated in the electrophoretic medium layer.

The present invention also provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing the electro-optical material as described above, including:

Coating the first liquid glue on the first release film, and forming a first glue layer after drying;

Coating a liquid electrophoretic medium on the first glue layer, and forming a displayable electrophoretic medium layer after drying;

A second glue is coated on the electrophoretic medium layer and dried to form a second glue layer. The second glue layer covers the inter-capsule step difference generated in the electrophoretic medium layer.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following technical effects:

In order to facilitate mass production and storage, the prior art discloses an electro-optical component, which includes first and second substrates, a glue layer and an electro-optical material layer located between the first and second substrates. The glue layer includes A mixture of polymeric binder materials and additives selected from the group consisting of salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, solid electrolytes and combinations thereof. Wherein one or both of the first and second substrates includes an electrode and PET to which the electrode is attached. Please refer to Figure 1 (original drawing of the original patent publication). The manufacturing method of the electro-optical component includes: (1) coating the electro-optical layer 130 on the substrate 110 with the conductive layer 120, (2) applying the electro-optical layer in a liquid form Laminating adhesive 180 is applied to release sheet 190, conveniently by slot die coating, and the adhesive is dried (or otherwise cured) to form a solid layer (3) Laminating adhesive and release sheet to electro-optical layer 130; This lamination can be conveniently performed using hot roller lamination. (Alternatively, but less necessary, a lamination adhesive may be applied over the electro-optical layer 130 and then dried or otherwise cured prior to being covered by the release sheet 190.) The release sheet 190 is conveniently a 7 mil (177 μm) film ; Depending on the nature of the electro-optical medium used, it may be necessary to coat this film with a release agent such as silicone. As illustrated in Figure 1, prior to laminating the FPL 100 to a chassis (not shown) to form the final display, the release sheet 190 is peeled off or otherwise removed from the lamination adhesive 180.

Figure 2 shows an electronic paper display made using the electro-optical component as described above, including the electro-optical component part and the functional layer and TFT drive substrate combined with it. The specific bonding process is as follows: the electro-optical component part includes an electrophoretic medium layer 210 and a substrate 220. The substrate 220 has a transparent conductive layer 221 in direct contact with the electrophoretic medium layer 210; it also includes an OCA layer 240 on the other side of the substrate 220. and a glue layer 230 provided with the electrophoretic medium layer 210 . The OCA layer 240 is combined with the functional layer 250, and the glue layer 230 is combined with the TFT driving base plate.

Based on the existing electro-optical structures of the two, the applicant believes that if PET is to be removed from the above structure, the manufacturing process needs to be improved, and the following problems need to be solved: It is well known in the industry that PET coated with ITO is used as a transparent conductive layer, so ITO and PET are not the same. Open separately. The electro-optical layer needs to be coated on ITO. Therefore, it is common knowledge in the industry that ITO, PET and electro-optical layers cannot be separated. If this technical bias cannot be faced squarely, removing PET will become an unachievable technical solution. The applicant believes that if PET is to be removed, ITO and PET need to be separated, and ITO should be attached to functional layers that can be applied to displays, such as color filter layers, light guide plates, waterproof protective layers, and touch screens. Then, the electro-optical layer is coated on the functional layer with the conductive layer, and then the electro-optical component with a certain functional layer is obtained according to the operating steps of the prior art, which can be laminated with the TFT when necessary.

The electro-optical component with a certain functional layer obtained above is limited to being applicable to a certain function. From a practical point of view, the electro-optical component is not as universal as the double peeling sheet of the prior art. The applicant believes that in order to better solve the technical problems in the background art, the process needs to be divided into two parts. One is to obtain a sub-assembly of an electro-optical component that is easy to store and does not contain PET, and then it is necessary to apply the above-mentioned electro-optical component When forming the sub-assembly, attach ITO to the functional layer, and then laminate the electro-optical layer of the electro-optical assembly sub-assembly on the ITO. The above solution can obtain PET-free electro-optical components. The sub-assembly of the electro-optical component includes: a first glue layer, an electrophoretic medium layer and a second glue layer.

The first glue layer is formed by a liquid first glue coated on the first release film; the electrophoretic medium is formed by a liquid electrophoretic medium coated on the first glue layer, and the electrophoretic medium includes a plurality of a capsule and a binder surrounding the capsule, the capsule including a capsule wall, a suspension fluid coated in the capsule wall and a plurality of particles suspended in the suspension fluid and capable of moving through the fluid when an electric field is applied to the electrophoretic medium. electrophoretic pigment particles, the electrophoretic pigment particles include negatively charged electrophoretic pigment particles and electrically neutral electrophoretic pigment particles; the second glue layer is a liquid second glue covering the inter-capsule segment difference in the electrophoretic medium layer form.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of an electro-optical component in the prior art;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of an electronic paper display in the prior art;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of a double peeling sheet in the present invention;

Figure 4 depicts a display pattern of diffusion phenomena in an electrophoretic display;

Figure 5 is a display pattern of an embodiment of an electro-optical component in the present invention;

Figure 6 depicts a schematic diagram of the voltage in the glue layer of an electro-optical component;

Figure 7 is an optical enlargement of the display surface of the control group;

Figure 8 is an optical enlargement of the display surface of the experimental group.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate mass production and storage, the prior art discloses an electro-optical component, which includes first and second substrates, a glue layer and an electro-optical material layer located between the first and second substrates. The glue layer Includes a mixture of polymeric binder materials and additives selected from the group consisting of salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, solid electrolytes and combinations thereof. Wherein one or both of the first and second substrates includes an electrode and PET to which the electrode is attached. PET release film, also called PET silicone oil film, is to apply a layer of silicone oil on the surface of the PET film to reduce the adhesion on the surface of the PET film and achieve a release effect. It can be divided into single-sided release film and double-sided release film. According to the release force, it can be divided into light release film, medium release film and heavy release film. Commonly used thicknesses are: 0.012mm, 0.019mm, 0.025mm, 0.038mm, 0.05mm, 0.075mm, 0.1mm, 0.125mm, 0.188mm.

Please refer to Figure 1 (original drawing of the original patent publication). The manufacturing method of the electro-optical component includes: (1) coating the electro-optical layer 130 on the substrate 110 with the conductive layer 120, (2) applying the electro-optical layer in a liquid form Laminating adhesive 180 is applied to release sheet 190, conveniently by slot die coating, and the adhesive is dried (or otherwise cured) to form a solid layer (3) Laminating adhesive and release sheet to electro-optical layer 130; This lamination can be conveniently performed using hot roller lamination. (Alternatively, but less necessary, a lamination adhesive may be applied over the electro-optical layer 130 and then dried or otherwise cured prior to being covered by the release sheet 190.) The release sheet 190 is conveniently a 7 mil (177 μm) film ; Depending on the nature of the electro-optical medium used, it may be necessary to coat this film with a release agent such as silicone. As illustrated in Figure 1, prior to laminating the FPL 100 to a chassis (not shown) to form the final display, the release sheet 190 is peeled off or otherwise removed from the lamination adhesive 180.

The applicant believes that if PET is to be removed from the above structure, the manufacturing process needs to be improved and the following problems need to be solved:

It is well known in the industry to use PET coated with ITO as the transparent conductive layer, so ITO and PET are inseparable. The electro-optical layer needs to be coated on ITO. Therefore, it is common knowledge in the industry that ITO, PET and electro-optical layers cannot be separated. If this technical bias cannot be faced squarely, removing PET will become an unachievable technical solution. The applicant believes that if PET is to be removed, ITO and PET need to be separated, and ITO should be attached to functional layers that can be applied to displays, such as color filter layers, light guide plates, waterproof protective layers, and touch screens. Then, the electro-optical layer is coated on the functional layer with the conductive layer, and then the electro-optical component with a certain functional layer is obtained according to the operating steps of the prior art, which can be laminated with the TFT when necessary.

The electro-optical component with a certain functional layer obtained above is limited to being applicable to a certain function. From a practical point of view, the electro-optical component is not as universal as the double peeling sheet of the prior art. The applicant believes that the process needs to be divided into two parts. One is to obtain a sub-assembly of an electro-optical component that is easy to store and does not contain PET. When it is necessary to apply the sub-assembly of the above-mentioned electro-optical component, first on the functional layer The ITO is attached, and the electro-optical layer of the sub-assembly of the electro-optical component is laminated to the ITO. Then PET-free electro-optical components can be obtained. The sub-assembly of the electro-optical component includes: a first glue layer, an electrophoretic medium layer and a second glue layer.

The first glue layer is formed by coating the first liquid glue on the first release film, and the contact surface between the first glue layer and the release film is a flat surface; the electrophoretic medium layer is formed by coating on the first release film. A liquid electrophoretic medium is formed on the first glue layer. The electrophoretic medium includes a plurality of capsules and an adhesive surrounding the capsules. The capsules include a capsule wall, a suspended fluid coated in the capsule wall, and a suspended fluid in the suspended fluid. A plurality of electrophoretic pigment particles suspended and capable of moving through the fluid when an electric field is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic pigment particles including negatively charged electrophoretic pigment particles and electrically neutral electrophoretic pigment particles; the second The glue layer is formed of a liquid second glue covering the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer.

Referring to FIG. 2 , an embodiment of an electro-optical material provided by one aspect of the present invention includes: a first glue layer 1 , an electrophoretic medium layer 2 and a second glue layer 3 .

According to the electro-optical material according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, the glue used includes polymer binder materials and additives, and the additives are selected from: propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof and its combination.

The electro-optical material according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, wherein the polymer binder material is selected from: polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate ethylene, epoxy resin ), polyacrylic-based adhesives, commercial compositions thereof (e.g., aqueous polyurethane emulsions), and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the glue layer includes polyurethane.

The electro-optical material according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, wherein the additive accounts for 0.5-20% by weight of the glue layer, preferably 1-20% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight, preferably 2-15% by weight. % by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, such as about 1% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 3% by weight, about 4% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 7.5% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 15% by weight , about 20% by weight.

The electro-optical material according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, wherein the weight ratio of the polymer binder material and additives in the glue layer is 100: (1-60), preferably 100: (2-60), 50), preferably 100: (2-40), preferably 100: (2-25), preferably 100: (2-20), preferably 100: (2-15), preferably 100: (2-10).

The electro-optical material according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, wherein the glue layer further includes: salt, polyelectrolyte, polymer electrolyte, solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the salt is selected from: potassium acetate, tetraalkylammonium salts, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate. In one embodiment, the polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid, such as the sodium salt of PPA.

The electro-optical material is a solid, meaning that the electro-optical material has a solid outer surface, although the material can (and usually does) have internal liquid or gas-filled spaces, as well as methods of assembling displays using such electro-optical materials. Such displays using solid electro-optical materials may be conveniently referred to below as "solid electro-optical displays". The term "solid electro-optical display" thus includes rotating two-color component displays (see below), encapsulated electrophoretic displays, microaperture electrophoretic displays and encapsulated liquid crystal displays.

The terms "bistable" and "bistable" are used herein in their ordinary sense in the art to mean a display including a display component having at least one first and second display state with different optical properties, and such that after any given component is driven by an addressing pulse of finite duration to assume its first or second display state, that state persists for at least several times, such as at least four times, after terminating the addressing pulse, as required The minimum duration of the addressing pulse to change the state of the display component. It was shown in published US Patent Application No. 2002/0180687 that some particle-based electrophoretic displays capable of achieving grayscale are stable not only in their extreme black and white states but also in their intermediate gray states, some other types of electro-optical The same goes for monitors. Displays of this type are appropriately termed "multistable" rather than bistable, although for convenience the term "bistable" may be used herein to cover both bistable and multistable displays.

Several types of electro-optical displays are known. One type of electro-optical display is the rotating dichromatic component type described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,808,783; 5,777,782; 5,760,761; 6,054,071; 6,055,091; 6,097,531; 6,128,124; 6,137,467; color ball" display, since the rotating component is not spherical in some of the patents mentioned above, the term "rotating two-color component" is preferred as it is more accurate). Such displays use a large number of small objects (usually spherical or cylindrical) with two or more cross-sections with different optical properties and internal dipoles. These objects are suspended in liquid-filled air bubbles in a matrix, which are filled with liquid allowing the objects to rotate freely. The appearance of the display is altered by applying an electric field to it, thereby rotating the object to various positions and changing the cross-section of the object as seen through the viewing surface. Electro-optical media of this type are usually bistable.

Many of the aforementioned patents and applications recognize that the walls surrounding discrete microcapsules in an encapsulated electrophoretic medium can be replaced by a continuous phase, thus resulting in so-called "polymer-dispersed electrophoretic displays" in which the electrophoretic medium includes multiple discrete liquids of electrophoretic fluid. The discrete droplets of electrophoretic fluid in such polymer-dispersed electrophoretic displays may be considered capsules or microcapsules, although there is no discrete capsule membrane associated with each individual droplet; See, for example, 2002/0131147 above. Therefore, for the purposes of this application, such polymer-dispersed electrophoretic media are considered to be a subcategory of encapsulated electrophoretic media.

Encapsulated electrophoretic displays are generally not subject to the aggregation and settling failure modes of traditional electrophoretic devices and offer further advantages, such as the ability to print or coat displays on a variety of flexible and rigid substrates. (The use of the word "printing" is intended to include all printing and coating methods, including but not limited to: pre-measured coating such as sheet die coating, slot die or extrusion coating, slide or laminate coating, curtain coating; Roller coating such as knife roller coating, front and rear roller coating; gravure coating; dip coating; spray coating; meniscus coating; dip coating; brush coating; air knife coating; screen printing process; electrostatic printing process: thermal printing process ; inkjet printing process; and other similar technologies). Therefore, the resulting display can be flexible. Additionally, the display media can be printed (using various methods) and the display itself can be manufactured cheaply.

Although electrophoretic media are typically opaque (e.g., because in many electrophoretic media the particles substantially block the propagation of visible light through the display) and operate in a reflective mode, many electrophoretic displays can be made to operate in a so-called "gating mode" in which one One display state is basically opaque, and one is light-transmitting. See, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,130,774 and 6,172,798, mentioned above, and U.S. Patent Nos. 5,872,552, 6,144,361, 6,271,823, 6,225,971, and 6,184,856. Dielectrophoretic displays, which are similar to electrophoretic displays but rely on changes in electric field strength, can operate in a similar mode; see U.S. Patent No. 4,418,346.

Another type of electro-optical display uses electrochromic media, for example in the form of a nanochromic film that includes an electrode formed at least partially from a semiconducting metal oxide and is connected to the electrode capable of reversible color change. Multiple dye molecules; see, for example, O'Regan, B., et al., Nature 1991, 353, 737; and Wood, D., Information Display, 18(3), 24 (March 2002). See also Bach, U., et al., Adv.Mater., 2002, 14(11), 845. Nanochromic films of this type are also described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,301,038, International Patent Publication No. WO 01/27690, and in U.S. Patent Application 2003/0214695. This type of media is also typically bistable.

Another type of electro-optical display, which has been the subject of intensive research and development for many years, is particle-based electrophoretic displays, in which multiple charged particles move through a suspended fluid under the influence of an electric field. When compared to liquid crystal displays, electrophoretic displays can have properties of good brightness and contrast, wide viewing angles, state bistability, and low energy consumption. However, long-term image quality problems with these displays have hindered their widespread use. For example, the particles that make up electrophoretic displays tend to settle, resulting in an insufficient shelf life of these displays.

Examples of electro-optical materials will be described below in conjunction with a method for manufacturing the electro-optical material. The method includes:

A liquid first glue is coated on the first release film 4, and the first glue layer 1 is formed after drying. A liquid electrophoretic medium is coated on the first glue layer; the coating pressure causes the liquid electrophoretic medium to The capsule on the contact surface of the first glue layer is squeezed and presents a flat surface, while the capsule on the other side of the electrophoretic medium is squeezed by the deformed capsule and presents ups and downs.

It should be noted that during the coating process of the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic medium includes capsules with different particle sizes ranging from 5 μm to 100 μm. The purpose is to use capsules with smaller particle sizes to fill the spaces between capsules with larger particle sizes. There are a large number of gaps between the capsules to prevent the effective display area from being reduced due to gaps between capsules. The applicant's patent document authorized and published on January 25, 2019 records that "For example, European patent EP1010036B1 and its Japanese equivalent patent JP4460149 provide an electrophoretic display, which includes a display surface (viewed surface) and a back surface (rear surface). There is a polymer array (Polymer Matrix) between the surface and the back. There are several caves in the polymer array to accommodate suspensions and particles, and the aspect ratio of the caves is greater than 1.2. The technical problem to be solved by this patent is In the case of single-layer capsule coating, there are a large number of gaps between the capsules, which reduces the actual effective display area. The document claims that the cave can be flattened through mechanical force or the shrinkage of the adhesive to improve its optics Display performance". Therefore, the capsules on the other side of the electrophoretic medium are squeezed by the deformed capsules, and the capsules of different sizes on the upper layer present a rough surface, and the capsules of different sizes form a height difference of 3-30 μm.

A second glue is coated on the second release film, and then the electrophoresis medium and the second glue are laminated so that the second glue covers the inter-capsule steps in the electrophoresis medium layer. During the above process, you can perform the lamination operation while the second glue is not dry, or use a softer glue as the second glue.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned electrophoretic medium includes a plurality of capsules and a binder surrounding the capsules. The capsules include capsule walls, a suspension fluid coated in the capsule walls and suspended in the suspension fluid and applied to the electrophoretic medium. A plurality of electrophoretic pigment particles that can move through the fluid under an electric field. The electrophoretic pigment particles include negatively charged electrophoretic pigment particles and electrically neutral electrophoretic pigment particles; the first glue and the second glue can be considered to have the same chemical structure. Glues with different chemical structures and compositions are also understood to mean glues with different chemical structures and compositions, including different glue compositions and different thicknesses of the glue layers formed. The application of glue will be described in detail later in this embodiment.

The embodiments of the electro-optical material of the present invention are further described below:

In this embodiment, in order to better cover the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer, the thickness of the second glue layer is preferably 5 to 35 μm. This solution was obtained by the applicant through experiments. If the electro-optical display layer and the transparent conductive layer are directly laminated without eliminating the step difference between the capsules, white spots will be generated in the display due to the gap between the transparent conductive layer and the electrophoretic medium, seriously affecting the display effect.

The embodiments of the electro-optical material of the present invention are further described below:

Please refer to Figures 3 to 5. Figure 3 is the pattern of the electro-optical component in the normal display state. The applicant found that when applied to a driver board with a 200dpi or above, edge residual images will appear (as shown in Figure 4). This is mainly because The edge diffusion phenomenon is caused by the thickness and volume resistivity of the glue layer. Please refer to Figure 5. The voltage on the driving base plate 6 goes from point A to A'. Due to the resistance of the glue layer, the voltage will weaken. For example, the voltage at point A drops from 15V to 7V at point A'. It may also happen that the voltage at point C is 15V and attenuates to 0V when it reaches point B'. The electrophoretic pigment particles at points A' and B' of the electrophoretic medium layer 2 affect their original movement trajectories due to voltage changes, thereby affecting the final display effect and initially showing residual images. The above process can be understood abstractly as the glue layer is a resistor, and its resistance affects the voltage, which further affects the display effect. Since volume resistivity is proportional to resistance, the smaller the volume resistivity, the smaller the voltage loss under ideal conditions. However, the applicant found that when the volume resistivity is reduced to a certain value, the voltage loss increases instead. The reason is that the voltage from A to A' changes to 13V. However, due to the decrease in volume resistivity, the current A to B', the voltage may become 7V. Therefore, the volume resistivity of the glue layer in contact with TFT6 should be controlled between 1*10 ¹⁰ and 1*10 ¹² (Ω.cm).

After analysis by the applicant, the volume resistivity formula can be expressed as ρ=RS/L, where R is the resistance, S is the cross-sectional area, L is the thickness of the glue layer, and ρ is the volume resistivity of the glue layer. The above formula can be simply transformed into R=ρL/S. When ρ and S are constant, the smaller the thickness L of the glue layer, the smaller the resistance and the smaller the impact on the voltage. Preferably, the thickness of the first glue layer is 1 to 10 μm, which is obtained by the applicant through experiments. A thickness greater than 10 μm will affect the voltage, and a thickness less than 1 μm will affect the mechanical strength.

As explained earlier in this article, the applicant proposed a plan to "attach ITO to functional layers that can be applied to displays such as color filter layers, light guide plates, waterproof protective layers, and touch screens. Then the electro-optical layer is coated on the tape On the functional layer with the conductive layer, the electro-optical component with a certain functional layer is obtained by following the operating steps of the existing technology in order, which can be laminated with TFT when necessary." Based on the foregoing analysis, it can be understood that the electro-optical layer (i.e., the electrophoretic medium in this application) is coated on the transparent conductive layer, and the capsule on the contact surface with the transparent conductive layer is squeezed to present a flat surface, and the capsule on the other side of the electrophoretic medium is deformed. The extrusion of the capsule presents ups and downs. In order to better cover the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer, the thickness of the glue layer is preferably 15 to 35 μm. It is understandable that the thickness of the glue layer will affect the final display effect. Therefore, only by adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the thickness of the first glue layer can be controlled to 1 to 10 μm.

The following continues to describe the electro-optical material embodiments of the present application: it was previously explained that the second glue layer is used to coat the step difference on the reverse side, that is, it satisfies the pressure-sensitive characteristics of the glue. This application independently synthesizes high molecular polymers, controls the molecular weight of the polymer, controls the content of ionic groups in the molecular structure, and adds some ionic liquids or small molecule polyols to achieve both reduced volume resistivity and pressure-sensitive characteristics. In this embodiment, the molecular weight distribution of the polymer in the second glue layer ranges from 10,000 to 50,000. It can be understood that too large a molecular weight will cause the glue layer to become hard and unable to cover the steps between capsules.

The polymer in the first glue layer includes ionic groups, which refer to carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, amine groups and their salt-forming products. The mass proportion of carboxylic acid groups is 0.1% to 1.5%, and the mass proportion of sulfonic acid groups , The mass proportion of amine groups is 0.1% to 1.5%. The resistance of the glue layer can be adjusted within 1*107~1*1010 (Ω.cm).

It should be noted that the small molecule polyol refers to a small molecule glycol or its oligomers with a molecular weight of less than 600 and which is liquid at room temperature, usually propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and their oligomers. The addition ratio is 0.1 % to 4%. This ratio can change the TG of the glue mixture, causing the volume resistivity of the glue to slow down with temperature. Excessive addition will affect the bonding force.

The first glue specifically selects polyurethane and acrylic monomer materials for polymerization. The mass percentage of the carboxylic acid group of the raw material is 0.3%, and the sulfonic acid and amine groups of the raw material are 0.2%. The degree of polymerization is controlled, and the tested weight average molecular weight Mw is 63,000, add propylene glycol ether at the same time, the addition amount is 2% of the solid content, and the test volume resistivity is 7*10 ¹¹ (Ω.cm). According to the structure shown, use the precision slit extrusion equipment to control the first glue. The coating thickness is 4μm, resulting in products that meet edge diffusion and reliability.

The second glue specifically selects the raw materials required for polyurethane for polymerization. The mass percentage of the carboxylic acid group of the raw material is 0.8%, and the sulfonic acid and amine groups of the raw material are 1.3%. The degree of polymerization is controlled, and the tested weight average molecular weight Mw is 30,000. At the same time, add glycerol in an amount of 3% of the solid content. Add glycerol in an amount of 1% of the solid content. Test the volume resistivity of 2*10 ⁷ (Ω.cm). Place the second glue as required. The display structure uses precision slit extrusion equipment to control the coating thickness at 30μm, which improves the bubbles in the electro-optical display layer and ensures good optoelectronic demand.

Table 1 describes the specific experimental parameters and display effects of this embodiment.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a glue layer, which includes a polymer adhesive material and an additive, the additive being selected from the group consisting of: propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol, Triol, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof, and combinations thereof.

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the polymer adhesive material is selected from: polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy resin, polyacrylic acid-based adhesives , commercial compositions thereof (such as water-based polyurethane emulsions) and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the glue layer includes polyurethane.

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the additive accounts for 0.5-20% by weight of the glue layer, preferably 1-20% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight, preferably 2-15% by weight %, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, such as about 1% by weight, about 2% by weight, about 3% by weight, about 4% by weight, about 5% by weight, about 7.5% by weight, about 10% by weight, about 15% by weight, About 20% by weight.

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the weight ratio of the polymer binder material to the additive is 100: (1-60), preferably 100: (2-50), preferably 100: (2 ~40), preferably 100:(2~25), preferably 100:(2~20), preferably 100:(2~15), preferably 100:(2~10).

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the glue layer further includes: salt, polyelectrolyte, polymer electrolyte, solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the salt is selected from: potassium acetate, tetraalkylammonium salts, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate. In one embodiment, the polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid, such as the sodium salt of PPA.

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the glue layer containing additives has areas of different colors used as color filters.

The glue layer according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention, wherein the additive-containing glue layer further includes an optical biasing element.

A second aspect of the invention provides an adhesive comprising a polymeric adhesive material and an additive selected from the group consisting of conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds and combinations thereof.

A second aspect of the present invention provides the use of additives in reducing the volume resistivity of products and/or improving the electro-optical properties of products, including but not limited to electro-optical components, double peel sheets, electrophoretic media, adhesives, Adhesives, electro-optical displays, electro-optical materials, electrophoretic displays, electro-optical media, electronic paper, electronic paper display screens, etc., the additives are selected from: propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol Alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerin, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof, and combinations thereof .

Use according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the additive is used in combination with a polymer adhesive material selected from: polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy resin, polyethylene Acrylic-based adhesives, commercial compositions thereof (eg, aqueous polyurethane emulsions), and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the polymer binder material to the additive is 100: (1-60), preferably 100: (2-50), preferably 100: (2-40), preferably 100: ( 2～25), preferably 100:(2～20), preferably 100:(2～15), preferably 100:(2～10).

Features of any two or more embodiments of any aspect of the invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not contradict each other. Of course, when combined with each other, the corresponding features can be appropriately modified if necessary. In addition, the features involved in any aspect of the present invention are equally applicable to the same features involved in any other aspect, or the corresponding features can be appropriately modified if necessary.

All documents cited in the present invention are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, and if the meaning expressed in these documents is inconsistent with the present invention, the present invention shall prevail. In addition, various terms and phrases used in the present invention have general meanings known to those skilled in the art. Even so, the present invention still hopes to provide a more detailed description and explanation of these terms and phrases here. The terms and phrases mentioned are such as If there is any inconsistency with the commonly known meaning, the meaning expressed in the present invention shall prevail.

As used herein, the term "commercial composition" refers to a composition formulated for commercial use based on the mentioned ingredient as a main ingredient (or one of the main ingredients). For example, products with the trade names NeoRez 9630 and NeoRez 9330 are two polyurethane dispersions purchased from NeoResins, Inc., 730 Main Street, Wilmington MA 01887.

As used herein, the term "aqueous polyurethane emulsion" refers to an aqueous emulsion made with polyurethane as the main component.

As used herein, the term "release sheet" may also be referred to as a "release sheet."

As used herein, the term "encapsulation" may also be referred to as "encapsulated."

As used herein, the term "base frame" may also be referred to as a "backplane."

In one embodiment, polyelectrolytes may also be included in the glue layer. Polyelectrolytes may include, for example, salts of polyacids, such as, but not limited to, alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid.

Glue layers containing additives may provide additional functions in addition to the adhesive function. For example, the glue layer can have differently colored areas and act as a color filter. Alternatively, the glue layer may include optical biasing elements.

In one embodiment, a salt may also be included in the binder used in the electrophoretic medium. The salt may be, for example, an inorganic salt, an organic salt, or a combination thereof. In a specific embodiment, the salt includes potassium acetate. In additional embodiments, the salt may include a quaternary ammonium salt, such as a tetraalkylammonium salt, such as tetrabutylammonium chloride or tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate.

In embodiments where the additive in the binder is a polyelectrolyte, the polyelectrolyte may include a salt of a polyacid, such as an alkali metal salt of polyacrylic acid.

Binders containing additives can provide functions other than that of an adhesive. For example, the adhesive may include optical biasing components.

In yet another aspect, an electrophoretic medium is provided that includes a plurality of capsules, each capsule including a capsule wall, a suspending fluid enclosed in the capsule walls, and a medium suspended in the suspending fluid and capable of moving therefrom when an electric field is applied to the medium. a plurality of charged particles, the medium further comprising a binder surrounding the capsule, the binder comprising a mixture of polymeric binder material and additives selected from the group consisting of conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds and combinations thereof.

In another aspect, an adhesive is provided that includes a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and an additive selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Alcohol, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the additive may further be selected from the group consisting of salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, solid electrolytes, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the adhesive may comprise a polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy, or polyacrylic based adhesive.

Finally, an adhesive is provided that includes a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and an additive selected from the group consisting of conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds, and combinations thereof. In this adhesive, the polymeric adhesive material may be selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy, polyacrylic based adhesives, and combinations thereof.

As already described, certain additives are disclosed herein for use in glue layers of electro-optical components and displays, and in adhesives surrounding capsules encapsulating electrophoretic media, to control the volume resistance of the adhesive material. Rate. The glue layers and adhesives disclosed herein are capable of changing the volume resistivity without substantially changing the mechanical properties of the glue layer or adhesive. By adding one or more additives, the glue layers and binders expand the selection of adhesive materials that have the required mechanical properties but cannot otherwise be used because their volume resistivity is not suitable. Therefore, one can "fine tune" the volume resistivity of the glue layer or adhesive, ie, adjust the volume resistivity of the material to the optimal value for a specific display or electrophoretic medium.

In one embodiment, a salt may also be included in the binder used in the electrophoretic medium. The salt may be, for example, an inorganic salt, an organic salt, or a combination thereof. In a specific embodiment, the salt includes potassium acetate. In additional embodiments, the salt may include a quaternary ammonium salt, such as a tetraalkylammonium salt, such as tetrabutylammonium chloride or tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate.

In embodiments where the additive in the binder is a polyelectrolyte, the polyelectrolyte may include a salt of a polyacid, such as an alkali metal salt of polyacrylic acid.

Binders containing additives can provide functions other than that of an adhesive. For example, the adhesive may include optical biasing components.

In yet another aspect, an electrophoretic medium is provided that includes a plurality of capsules, each capsule including a capsule wall, a suspending fluid enclosed in the capsule walls, and a medium suspended in the suspending fluid and capable of moving therefrom when an electric field is applied to the medium. a plurality of charged particles, the medium further comprising a binder surrounding the capsule, the binder comprising a mixture of polymeric binder material and additives selected from the group consisting of conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds and combinations thereof.

In another aspect, an adhesive is provided that includes a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and an additive selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Alcohol, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the additive may further be selected from the group consisting of salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, solid electrolytes, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the adhesive may comprise a polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy, or polyacrylic based adhesive.

Finally, an adhesive is provided that includes a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and an additive selected from the group consisting of conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds, and combinations thereof. In this adhesive, the polymeric adhesive material may be selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy, polyacrylic based adhesives, and combinations thereof.

As already described, certain additives are disclosed herein for use in glue layers of electro-optical components and displays, and in adhesives surrounding capsules encapsulating electrophoretic media, to control the volume resistance of the adhesive material Rate. The glue layers and adhesives disclosed herein are capable of changing the volume resistivity without substantially changing the mechanical properties of the glue layer or adhesive. By adding one or more additives, the glue layers and binders expand the selection of adhesive materials that have the required mechanical properties but cannot otherwise be used because their volume resistivity is not suitable. Therefore, one can "fine tune" the volume resistivity of the glue layer or adhesive, ie, adjust the volume resistivity of the material to the optimal value for a specific display or electrophoretic medium.

The glue layer or adhesive includes one or more additives selected from the group consisting of: (a) propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, Texanol, adipic acid , phthalic acid, lusolvan FBH, Coasol, DBE-IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, commercial compositions thereof and combinations thereof; (b) salts, polyelectrolytes, polymer electrolytes, Solid electrolytes and combinations thereof; or (c) conductive metal powders, ferromagnetic fluids, non-reactive solvents, conductive organic compounds and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the additive may be a salt such as an inorganic salt, an organic salt, or a combination thereof. Exemplary salts include potassium acetate and tetraalkylammonium salts, particularly tetrabutylammonium salts such as chloride. Further examples of salts include lithium salts such as LiCF3SOF3, LiClO4, LiPF6, LiBF4, LiAsF6 and LiN(CF3SO2)3. The currently preferred salt is tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, primarily due to the stability and inertness of this salt.

In other embodiments, the polymer electrolyte is a polyelectrolyte. Polyelectrolytes are typically polymers in which about 10% or more of the molecules consist of functional groups capable of ionizing to form charged moieties. Examples of certain functional groups in polyelectrolytes include, but are not limited to, carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, phosphoric acids, and quaternary ammonium compounds. These polymers can be used in combination with organic or inorganic salts or alone. Examples of polyelectrolytes include, but are not limited to, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene sulfonate, poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), poly(dimethylammonium chloride), poly(methyl Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate), poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate). A preferred polyelectrolyte is the sodium salt of polyacrylic acid (PAA).

In a further embodiment of the invention, the additive is a polymer electrolyte. The term "polymer electrolyte" as used herein describes a polymer capable of solubilizing salts. The solubility of salts in these polymers can be increased by the presence of oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms in the polymer, which atoms form ethers, carbonyl groups, carboxylic acids, primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amino groups, sulfonic acids, etc. Examples of polymer electrolytes include polyether compounds such as polyepoxy ethane, polyepoxy propane, polytetrahydrofuran (polytetramethyleneoxide), polyamines such as polyethyleneimine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polymers containing quaternary ammonium groups such as N +R1R2R3R4, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently H or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group containing 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and wherein the counterion can be selected from any organic or inorganic anion .

In the present invention, for example, the following additives: propylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, methoxymethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, Texanol, adipic acid, phthalic acid, lusolvanFBH, Coasol, DBE -IB, DPnB, Dowanol PPh, alcohol ester-12, hexylene glycol, their commercial compositions and combinations thereof, they all have basically the same properties due to their role in contributing to film formation, that is, they can form as a film Auxiliary agents.

Still other additives may include conductive metal powders, ferrofluids, and/or non-reactive solvents that may improve or hinder ion mobility in solution. Examples of suitable non-reactive solvents include water, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diethylene glycol, glyme, diglyme, N-methylpyrrolidone, and the like. In yet another embodiment, conductive organic compounds may be used as additives. Some non-limiting examples of these compounds include polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, poly-3,4-dioxyethylenethiophene, and derivatives of these materials in their n- or p-doped states.

The polymeric binder material used in the glue layer or adhesive may be any polymeric material suitable for the end use application. Examples of suitable polymeric adhesive materials include polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, epoxy, polyacrylic-based adhesives, or combinations thereof. These adhesive materials can be solvent-based or water-based. Examples of specific polyurethanes that may be used are described in co-pending U.S. Application Serial No. 10/715,916 filed with Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. on November 18, 2003.

Additives introduced into the polymeric binder material can be formed in situ; in other words, one or more precursor materials can be introduced into the polymeric binder material or binder, where the precursor materials can react with each other, or with the polymerization Reaction of a binder or binder, or exposure of a binder material or binder to conditions that cause changes in precursor materials to form the final additive (e.g., exposure to heat, light, or magnetic or electric fields) down to cause changes.

The binder material or binder may contain components (or other dopants) in addition to additives for adjusting its volume resistivity; for example, the binder material or binder may also contain dyes or other colorants . It is known to form full-color electro-optical displays by providing a color filter containing different colors (eg red, green and blue) in a single layer on the viewing surface of the display (the surface through which the observer views the display) of pixels. However, when the color filter is separated from the electro-optical material in this way, there is a possibility of image distortion when the color image is viewed at an angle substantially perpendicular to the viewing surface. To avoid such problems, it is in principle necessary to place the color filter immediately adjacent to the electro-optical material itself. However, this requires a color filter to be placed between the electrodes of the display, so that the electrical properties of the color filter affect the performance of the display. This is a particular problem with color filters because such filters are typically formed by dyeing a polymeric base material with three different dyes or mixtures of dyes to form red, green and blue or other color moieties; and It is highly likely that the three different dyes would affect the electrical properties of the color filter in the same way. The glue layers and binders described herein can be used to counteract the effects of different dyes and make the electrical properties of the color filter substantially uniform, thereby avoiding artifacts in the image due to uneven electrical properties in the color filter.

It is also known (see 2003/0011560 above) that "optical biasing components" can be provided in the adhesive or laminating adhesive encapsulating electrophoretic displays to adjust the appearance of the display. Providing such optical biasing components can affect the electrical properties of the adhesive or adhesive, and the electrical properties of adhesives or adhesives containing such optical biasing components can be optimized through the use of additives described herein.

The optimal amount of additives will vary widely depending on the exact polymeric binder or binder material, the exact additives used, and the desired volume resistivity of the final mixture. Generally, however, it can be stated that additives as described above in this invention are found to be used in amounts which give useful results. As shown in the following examples, the volume resistivity of a binder material generally changes in a predictable manner with the concentration of additives, and therefore the final choice of how much additive should be added to achieve the desired volume resistivity can easily be based on experience Sure.

Generally, no special procedures are required to introduce additives into the binder material. If, as in a typical case, the glue layer is formed by coating a film of a latex or solution of an adhesive material onto a substrate, or onto an electro-optical material, and then drying to form the glue layer, typically The additive is simply dissolved or dispersed in a latex or solution of the binder material prior to coating. Additives may be added neat to the latex or solution, or may be dissolved in aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, or combinations thereof. Similarly, as in a typical case, electrophoretic media are formed by mixing a slurry of capsules in a liquid with a latex or solution of a polymeric binder, coating the resulting mixture onto a substrate, and drying to The electrophoretic medium is formed; the additives are often simply dissolved or dispersed in the latex or solution of the polymeric binder before mixing this latex or solution with the capsules. It is of course necessary to ensure a homogeneous dispersion of the additives throughout the adhesive material in order to prevent changes in conductivity in the final adhesive or binder layer, but those skilled in coating technology are familiar with conventional techniques such as lengthy stirring on a roller kneader to ensure this even dispersion.

The choice of the specific additive used is primarily governed by considerations of compatibility with other components of the glue layer and solubility in the adhesive material to which the additive is to be incorporated. If, as is typically the case, additives are to be added to an aqueous latex of the binder material, the additives should be selected to have good water solubility, so that alkali metal salts and substituted ammonium salts are generally preferred among the salts. Care should be taken to ensure that the additives do not cause aggregation of latex particles. Likewise, the additives should be expected not to cause large changes in the pH of the adhesive material, and should not chemically react with the adhesive material or other parts of the final display with which it ultimately contacts (eg, the chassis).

The addition of one or more additives greatly expands the range of polymeric materials that can be used as binders and laminating adhesives in electro-optical displays. In particular, the addition of one or more additives enables the use of polymeric materials that have highly desirable mechanical properties in electro-optical displays, but whose volume resistivity in their pure state is too high to be used. Likewise, since some electro-optical displays, particularly encapsulated electrophoretic displays and electrochromic displays, are sensitive to moisture, the addition of one or more additives could be used instead of the non-hygroscopic and/or hydrophobic polymeric materials used heretofore. Water-based polyurethane dispersions for such displays.

It will be appreciated that the modified adhesives and binders disclosed herein may be used in applications other than electro-optical displays.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned electro-optical material, which specifically includes:

Apply liquid first glue on the first release film 4, and form the first glue layer 1 after drying;

Coating the liquid electrophoretic medium 2 on the first glue layer 1;

Coat the second glue on the second release film 5;

The electrophoretic medium 2 and the second glue are laminated so that the second glue covers the inter-capsule steps in the electrophoretic medium layer.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the first glue layer is controlled to be 1 to 10 μm, and the volume resistivity of the first glue layer is controlled to be 1*10 ¹⁰ to 1*10 ¹² (Ω.cm). The thickness of the second glue layer is controlled to be 5-35 μm. The volume resistivity of the second glue layer is controlled at 1*10 ⁷ ~ 1*10 ¹⁰ (Ω.cm). The reasons and control methods for controlling the first glue layer and the second glue layer have been explained in the foregoing embodiments and will not be described again here.

On the actual coating line, the above embodiment can be understood as performing the following operations:

S1. Coat the first liquid glue on the first release film, and form the first glue layer after drying;

S2. Laminate a protective film on the surface of the first glue layer;

S3. Rewind the first glue layer with the protective film;

S4. Coat the second glue on the second release film, and form a second glue layer after drying;

S5. Laminate a protective film on the surface of the second glue layer;

S6. Rewind the second glue layer with protective film;

S7. Peel off the protective film on the first glue layer;

S8. Coat liquid electrophoresis medium on the first glue layer;

S9. Peel off the protective film on the second glue layer;

S10. Laminate the electrophoresis medium and the second glue.

After the above steps, the double peelable sheet provided in the fourth aspect of the application can be obtained, which in order includes:

The first release film 4, the first glue layer 1, the electrophoretic medium layer 2, the second glue layer 3 and the second release film 5. In order to meet the process requirements, the release force between the first release film and the electro-optical material is (75-110) gf/inch; the release force between the second release film and the electro-optical material is The molding force is more than twice the molding force between the first release film and the electro-optical material.

In this embodiment, the first release film has electrical conductivity or does not have electrical conductivity. The second release film has electrical conductivity or does not have electrical conductivity. Generally, the above manufacturing process can be achieved by applying a non-conductive release film. Since the double peel sheet needs to be tested during this process, a conductive release film can be used for direct testing.

The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for electro-optical components manufactured using the above-mentioned double stripping, including:

Attach a transparent conductive layer to the functional layer;

Peel off the first release film, and laminate the second glue layer and the transparent conductive layer;

Peel off the second release film, and laminate the first glue layer and the driving base plate.

A sixth aspect of the present invention provides an electro-optical component manufactured by applying the above-mentioned manufacturing method of an electro-optical component, including in order: a functional layer, a transparent conductive layer, a first glue layer, an electrophoretic medium layer, a second glue layer and a driving base plate.

The present invention can be further described through the following specific examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This invention provides a general and/or specific description of the materials and test methods used in the test. Although many of the materials and procedures employed for carrying out the purposes of the invention are well known in the art, the invention is described in as much detail as possible.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art will be able to make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once the basic inventive concepts are apparent. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of this application.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (13)

1. An electro-optical material, characterized in that it is used to form a display component in combination with a functional layer having a transparent conductive layer, the electro-optical material includes:

   A first glue layer, the first glue layer is formed by a first liquid glue coated on the first release film;

   Electrophoretic medium layer, the electrophoretic medium layer is formed of a liquid electrophoretic medium coated on the first glue layer, the electrophoretic medium includes a plurality of capsules and an adhesive surrounding the capsules, the capsules include capsule walls, a suspension fluid coating the capsule wall and a plurality of electrophoretic pigment particles suspended in the suspension fluid and capable of moving through the fluid when an electric field is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic pigment particles including negatively charged electrophoretic pigment particles and electrically neutral electrophoretic pigment particles; the contact surface between the electrophoretic medium layer and the first glue layer is a flat surface, and the other side of the electrophoretic medium layer presents an uneven surface due to numerous capsule differences;

   a second glue layer, the second glue layer is formed of a liquid second glue covering the step difference between capsules in the electrophoretic medium layer;

   The functional layer includes at least one or any combination of a color filter layer, a light guide plate, a touch display layer and a protective layer.
2. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The volume resistivity of the first glue layer is 1*10 ⁵ to 1*10 ¹⁰ (Ω.cm).
3. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The thickness of the first glue layer is 0.1-10 μm.
4. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The thickness of the second glue layer is 0.1-50 μm.
5. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The thickness of the second glue layer is 5-35 μm.
6. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The volume resistivity of the second glue layer is 1*10 ⁷ to 1*10 ¹² (Ω.cm).
7. The electro-optical material according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   The first glue and the second glue each include a high molecular polymer, and the high molecular polymer includes a polyurethane polymer or a copolymer of polyurethane and acrylic acid.
8. The electro-optical material according to claim 7, characterized in that:

   The polymer molecular weight in the second glue layer is distributed between 10,000 and 100,000.
9. The electro-optical material according to claim 7, characterized in that:

   The polymer in the second glue layer includes ionic groups, which refer to carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, amine groups and their salt-forming products. The mass proportion of carboxylic acid groups is 0.1% to 10% of sulfonic acid groups, The mass proportion of amine groups is 0.1% to 1.5%.
10. The electro-optical material according to claim 7, characterized in that:

    The molecular weight of the polymer in the first glue layer is distributed between 20,000 and 70,000.
11. The electro-optical material according to claim 7, characterized in that:

    The polymer in the first glue layer includes ionic groups, and the ionic groups of the polymer refer to carboxyl groups, sulfonic acid groups, amine groups and their salt-forming products;

    The ionic group content of the polymer is 0% to 10% by mass of carboxylic acid groups, and 0% to 3% by mass of sulfonic acid groups and amine groups.
12. A method of manufacturing the electro-optical material according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that it includes:

    Coating the first liquid glue on the first release film, and forming a first glue layer after drying;

    Coating the second glue on the second release film, and forming a second glue layer after drying;

    Coating a liquid electrophoretic medium on the first glue layer, and forming an electrophoretic medium layer after drying;

    The electrophoretic medium layer and the second glue are laminated so that the second glue covers the inter-capsule steps generated in the electrophoretic medium layer.
13. A method of manufacturing the electro-optical material according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that it includes:

    Coating the first liquid glue on the first release film, and forming a first glue layer after drying;

    Coating a liquid electrophoretic medium on the first glue layer, and forming a displayable electrophoretic medium layer after drying;

    A second glue is coated on the electrophoretic medium layer and dried to form a second glue layer. The second glue layer covers the inter-capsule step difference generated in the electrophoretic medium layer.

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