WO2024026547A1 - Electrical traction device adapted to trucks, freight vehicles and tow vehicles - Google Patents

Electrical traction device adapted to trucks, freight vehicles and tow vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024026547A1
WO2024026547A1 PCT/BR2023/050097 BR2023050097W WO2024026547A1 WO 2024026547 A1 WO2024026547 A1 WO 2024026547A1 BR 2023050097 W BR2023050097 W BR 2023050097W WO 2024026547 A1 WO2024026547 A1 WO 2024026547A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicles
trucks
axle
traction device
tow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2023/050097
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Deividi Nardi
Original Assignee
Eletrotrac Soluções Em Eletrificação Inova Simples (I.S.)
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Publication of WO2024026547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024026547A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/36—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving tandem wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B60K17/24—Arrangements of mountings for shafting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B60W20/14—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion in conjunction with braking regeneration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles

Definitions

  • the present invention describes an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles. More specifically, it comprises an electrical device equipped with a differential axle and driven by an electric motor that allows it to be adapted and applied to trucks, cargo vehicles or traction vehicles to tow implements or trailers, with the aim of replacing the trailing axle to assist the powertrain. conventional, combustion-powered, applied to these vehicle models.
  • This new constructive form provides means for controlling the auxiliary traction drive, improving fuel consumption, increasing braking control, PBT load capacity and the useful life of the vehicle's original braking system. This system is easily adapted to any truck model.
  • Document EP3892508 (Fras Le. 2018) describes an auxiliary traction system, such as electric traction with regenerative braking, which provides means for controlling the activation of auxiliary traction.
  • the system manages auxiliary traction on a road implement that provides improved and safer drivability of the whole
  • Document BR102019020993 (Fras Le. 2019) describes an intelligent control and resource optimization system for hybridization of cargo vehicle combinations , which comprises an electric traction system for road implements having a plurality of sensors which, when coupled to a semi-trailer, makes said semi-trailer capable of assisting in the traction of cargo vehicles.
  • the object of the present invention is an electrical traction device equipped with a differential axle driven by an electric motor and regenerative braking that can be easily adapted to the trailing axle of trucks and cargo vehicles in a simple and efficient way. practical, without directly interfering with the vehicle structure.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that replaces the third axle, allowing the user to remove the third axle and place the electric axle, transforming the traction system from 6x2 to 6x4.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that can be easily adapted to the chassis of trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that transforms conventionally driven trucks, cargo vehicles and trailer vehicles into hybrid vehicles.
  • Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides an axle equipped with interconnected transmission bars.
  • Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides transmission bars equipped with wheel hubs that have stationary brakes.
  • Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a differential that receives the gear reduction system.
  • the present invention features an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides an interconnected electric motor that drives the entire system.
  • the present invention features an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and commercial vehicles.
  • trailer that provides a device that replaces the third axle of trucks, cargo vehicles and towing vehicles.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a device arranged together with an inverter and a CPU positioned on the chassis of the vehicle.
  • Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a device equipped with a regenerative braking system integrated with the engine and a set of batteries.
  • Figure 1 presents a perspective view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 3 shows the side view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 4 shows the top view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 5 shows the front view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
  • Figure 7 shows the exploded view of the electric shaft detailing its construction.
  • Figure 8 shows the top view of the truck equipped with the applied electric axle, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle.
  • Figure 9 shows the top view of the truck equipped with the electric axle, inverter, CPU and batteries, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle.
  • Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the truck equipped with the electric axle, inverter, CPU and batteries, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle.
  • the electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and towing vehicles, object of the present invention comprises an electric axle (100) that replaces the third axle (drag axle), the one that does not have traction and that without load it remains raised, allowing the user to remove the third axle and install the electric axle, transforming the traction system from 6x2 to 6x4.
  • the vehicle has only the conventional drive axle and the front axle, (without the third auxiliary rear axle) the user can add the third electric axle (100), transforming the traction system from 4x2 to 6x4.
  • the electric axle (100) is equipped with transmission bars (10) interconnected, at one of its ends, to the wheel hubs (20) which have stationary brakes (21), said bars (10) which are provided internally by axles (11) that promote the transmission of force from the differential (30) to the wheel hubs (20).
  • the transmission bars (10) are connected to the central housing of the differential (30) which receives the gear reduction system (40), said housing (30) which has a support on one of its faces ( 51 ) of the electric motor (50).
  • the gear system (40) is equipped with a shaft (41) that connects to the motor (50) in order to transmit the movement of the motor
  • the device (100) has a constructive form that facilitates its adaptation and fixation to any model of truck, cargo vehicle or tow vehicle, so that the bars (10) can be adjusted according to the width of the truck chassis, without interfering with efficiency and the traction system, maintaining the same construction characteristics of the wheel hubs (20), differential (30) and electric motor (50).
  • the device (100) when installed on the truck is arranged together with an inverter (200) and a CPU (300) positioned at some point in the structure or chassis of the vehicle.
  • the inverter (200) arranged close to the truck's combustion engine, reads the device (100) by interfacing with some of the truck's original systems, such as the following inputs: accelerator pedal position, wheel rotation, pressure/signal ABS, brake air pressure and combustion engine rotation, said inverter (200) which promotes the interface with the truck through its connection to the CPU (300) which is connected to the truck's original CPU.
  • some of the truck's original systems such as the following inputs: accelerator pedal position, wheel rotation, pressure/signal ABS, brake air pressure and combustion engine rotation, said inverter (200) which promotes the interface with the truck through its connection to the CPU (300) which is connected to the truck's original CPU.
  • the CPU (300) is embedded with software dedicated to each specific truck model, where an algorithm calculates the power demand on the electrical axle, so that the processing is done based on the inputs collected from the original systems of the truck. truck and sensors in the braking or acceleration system, sending the necessary demands for acceleration or braking to the inverter (200) harmoniously with the vehicle's original transmission.
  • the electrical device (100) is equipped with a communication system with the truck that comprises an interface providing metric data and varied inputs from the truck's original system through control software arranged next to the CPU (300) and interconnected to the inverter (200) of the device (100).
  • the device (100) is optionally equipped with an integrated regenerative braking system that comprises a plurality of sensors and inputs from the conventional mechanical traction truck to identify the actuation behavior of the regenerative system, this system when applied in Together with the device, it allows the adaptation of batteries (400) arranged on both sides of the vehicle chassis for recharging.
  • an integrated regenerative braking system that comprises a plurality of sensors and inputs from the conventional mechanical traction truck to identify the actuation behavior of the regenerative system, this system when applied in Together with the device, it allows the adaptation of batteries (400) arranged on both sides of the vehicle chassis for recharging.
  • the braking system integrated into the device (100) and software promotes the analysis and calculation of the traction and braking capabilities that the system can apply to the electric axle (100), maintaining the trajectory and synchronization with the truck's original traction.
  • the regenerative system acts by braking the electric motor itself (50), transforming kinetic energy into electrical energy, sending a current to the inverter (200) and batteries (400) for recharging.
  • the engine (50) is associated with the batteries (400) to generate and store electrical energy during braking, in addition, the engine (50) maintains its original characteristic of promoting and generating torque during vehicle acceleration, and the activation of the system is controlled by software located on the CPU (300).
  • Another benefit of using the device (100) with the regenerative braking system is the reduction of demand on the brake system, reducing the thermal load and the coefficient of friction of its components, minimizing the fading effect. Furthermore, it prevents overheating of the brake components, resulting in an increase in the useful life of the components, in addition to not damaging the tires by increasing traction on one more axle.
  • the device (100) adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles can be used with or without battery charging or with and without the regenerative braking system, this item being optional depending on the topography or type of service used the truck.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The subject matter of the present invention is an electrical traction device suitable for trucks, freight vehicles and tow vehicles that is aimed at solving the drawbacks described in the prior art by using an electrical device (100) provided with a differential axle (30) and driven by an electric motor (50) that enables it to be suited to and applied in trucks, freight vehicles or tow vehicles to tow machines or trailers in order to replace the auxiliary towing axle or the conventional drive shaft, driven by combustion, that is used in these vehicle models. This new structural arrangement provides means to control the auxiliary traction drive, thus improving fuel consumption, increasing braking control and total gross weight loading capacity and the service life of the original braking system of the vehicle.

Description

DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO ADAPTADO EM CAMINHÕES, VEÍCULOS DE CARGA E VEÍCULOS DE REBOQUE CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO ELECTRIC TRACTION DEVICE ADAPTED TO TRUCKS, CARGO VEHICLES AND TOWING VEHICLES FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[01] A presente invenção descreve um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque. Mais especificamente compreende um dispositivo elétrico dotado por eixo diferencial e acionado por motor elétrico que permite sua adaptação e aplicação em caminhões, veículos de carga ou veículos de tração para rebocar implementos ou reboques, com objetivo de substituir o eixo de arrasto de forma auxiliar o powertrain convencional, movido a combustão, aplicado nestes modelos de veículos. [01] The present invention describes an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles. More specifically, it comprises an electrical device equipped with a differential axle and driven by an electric motor that allows it to be adapted and applied to trucks, cargo vehicles or traction vehicles to tow implements or trailers, with the aim of replacing the trailing axle to assist the powertrain. conventional, combustion-powered, applied to these vehicle models.
[02] Esta nova forma construtiva proporciona meios para o controle do acionamento da tração auxiliar, melhorando o consumo de combustível, aumentando o controle da frenagem, a capacidade de carga PBT e a vida útil do sistema de frenagem original do veículo. Sendo este sistema facilmente adaptado em qualquer modelo de caminhão. [02] This new constructive form provides means for controlling the auxiliary traction drive, improving fuel consumption, increasing braking control, PBT load capacity and the useful life of the vehicle's original braking system. This system is easily adapted to any truck model.
ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[03] Atualmente, a grande maioria dos caminhões, veículos de carga ou veículos de reboque são fracionados por sistemas tradicionais de transmissão através de motores a combustão, onde utilizam apenas combustíveis fósseis, como diesel ou gasolina, para transmissão de potência. [03] Currently, the vast majority of trucks, cargo vehicles or towing vehicles are powered by traditional transmission systems using combustion engines, where they use only fossil fuels, such as diesel or gasoline, to transmit power.
[04] No mercado, existem algumas soluções destinadas a minimizar o consumo de combustíveis fósseis através de veículos com transmissão totalmente elétrica, porém esta aplicação em caminhões de uso comercial acaba encarecendo o custo de fabricação o que inviabiliza sua aplicação em larga escala. [05] Assim, o presente inventor buscando resolver estes inconvenientes de mercado, desenvolveu um dispositivo de tração elétrica que permite adaptar e transformar o sistema de tração convencional em um sistema de transmissão de potência híbrido, aplicado em caminhões ou veículos de carga que pode ser facilmente adaptado em um dos eixos de arrasto, de modo a reduzir o consumo de combustível devido acionar o sistema elétrico em paralelo a transmissão mecânica a combustão. [04] On the market, there are some solutions designed to minimize the consumption of fossil fuels through vehicles with fully electric transmission, however this application in trucks for commercial use ends up increasing the manufacturing cost, which makes its application on a large scale unfeasible. [05] Thus, the present inventor, seeking to resolve these market inconveniences, developed an electric traction device that allows adapting and transforming the conventional traction system into a hybrid power transmission system, applied to trucks or cargo vehicles that can be easily adapted to one of the drag axles, in order to reduce fuel consumption by activating the electrical system in parallel to the mechanical combustion transmission.
[06] Em pesquisa realizada no estado da técnica identificamos diversos documentos que reivindicam sistema auxiliares de tração elétrica, onde podemos destacar os seguintes documentos: [06] In research carried out on the state of the art, we identified several documents that claim auxiliary electric traction systems, where we can highlight the following documents:
[07] O documento EP3892508 (Fras Le. 2018) descreve um sistema de tração auxiliar, como tração elétrica com frenagem regenerativa, que proporciona meios para o controle do acionamento da tração auxiliar. O sistema gerencia a tração auxiliar em um implemento rodoviário que proporciona uma dirigibilidade melhorada e mais segura do conjunto [08] O documento BR102019020993 (Fras Le. 2019) descreve um sistema inteligente de controle e otimização de recursos para hibridização de combinações de veículos de carga, que compreende um sistema de tração elétrica para implementos rodoviários possuindo uma pluralidade de sensores que, ao serem acoplados a um semirreboque, faz com que o referido semirreboque capaz de auxiliar na tração de veículos de carga. [07] Document EP3892508 (Fras Le. 2018) describes an auxiliary traction system, such as electric traction with regenerative braking, which provides means for controlling the activation of auxiliary traction. The system manages auxiliary traction on a road implement that provides improved and safer drivability of the whole [08] Document BR102019020993 (Fras Le. 2019) describes an intelligent control and resource optimization system for hybridization of cargo vehicle combinations , which comprises an electric traction system for road implements having a plurality of sensors which, when coupled to a semi-trailer, makes said semi-trailer capable of assisting in the traction of cargo vehicles.
[09] O documento AR117179 (Fras Le. 2018) descreve uma combinação de veículo de carga (CVC) cujo semirreboque é dotado de um sistema de tração auxiliar, tal como tração elétrica com frenagem regenerativa. O sistema de gerenciamento de tração auxiliar de implemento de beira de estrada que proporciona uma condição de condução mais segura e melhor do conjunto [09] Document AR117179 (Fras Le. 2018) describes a cargo vehicle combination (CVC) whose semi-trailer is equipped with an auxiliary traction system, such as electric traction with regenerative braking. The auxiliary traction management system roadside implement that provides a safer and better driving condition overall
[010] Estes documentos citados no estado da técnica descrevem sistemas aplicados em implementos rodoviários e semirreboques dotados por diversos componentes e formas construtivas complexas que encarecem o custo de fabricação, sendo que cada documento identificado descreve um sistema próprio de integração e gerenciamento. Assim, nenhum destes documentos descreve um dispositivo de tração auxiliar dotado por um eixo diferencial, baterias, sistema de controle e inversor de potência que pode ser facilmente adaptado junto ao eixo de arrasto de caminhões e veículos de carga, garantindo maior praticidade de instalação e reduzindo o custo de fabricação e implementação de um sistema híbrido de tração. [010] These documents cited in the prior art describe systems applied to road implements and semi-trailers equipped with various components and complex construction forms that increase the manufacturing cost, with each identified document describing its own integration and management system. Therefore, none of these documents describe an auxiliary traction device equipped with a differential axle, batteries, control system and power inverter that can be easily adapted to the trailing axle of trucks and cargo vehicles, ensuring greater practicality of installation and reducing the cost of manufacturing and implementing a hybrid traction system.
[011] Desta forma, é objeto da presente invenção, um dispositivo elétrico de tração dotado por um eixo diferencial acionado por motor elétrico e por uma frenagem regenerativa que pode ser facilmente adaptado ao eixo de arrasto de caminhões e veículos de carga de forma simples e prática, sem interferir diretamente na estrutura do veículo. Proporcionando meios para o controle do acionamento da tração auxiliar, melhorando o consumo de combustível e aumentando o controle da frenagem, a capacidade de carga PBT e a vida útil do sistema de frenagem original do veículo. [011] Therefore, the object of the present invention is an electrical traction device equipped with a differential axle driven by an electric motor and regenerative braking that can be easily adapted to the trailing axle of trucks and cargo vehicles in a simple and efficient way. practical, without directly interfering with the vehicle structure. Providing means to control the auxiliary traction drive, improving fuel consumption and increasing braking control, PBT load capacity and the useful life of the vehicle's original braking system.
OBJETIVO DA INVENÇÃO OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
[012] Um dos objetivos da presente invenção é um eixo elétrico que substitui o terceiro eixo, permitindo que o usuário retiea o terceiro eixo e coloque o eixo elétrico, transformando o sistema de tração de 6x2 em 6x4. [013] Um dos objetivos da presente invenção é um eixo elétrico que pode ser facilmente adaptado no chassi de caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque. [012] One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that replaces the third axle, allowing the user to remove the third axle and place the electric axle, transforming the traction system from 6x2 to 6x4. [013] One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that can be easily adapted to the chassis of trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles.
[014] Um dos objetivos da presente invenção é um eixo elétrico que transforma caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque de tração convencional em veículos híbridos. [014] One of the objectives of the present invention is an electric axle that transforms conventionally driven trucks, cargo vehicles and trailer vehicles into hybrid vehicles.
SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[015] Tais características promovem menor consumo de combustível e maior praticidade na instalação, quando comparado com os documentos do estado da técnica. [015] Such characteristics promote lower fuel consumption and greater practicality in installation, when compared to prior art documents.
[016] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê eixo dotado por barras de transmissão interligadas. [017] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê barras de transmissão dotadas por cubos de roda que apresentam freios estacionários. [016] Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides an axle equipped with interconnected transmission bars. [017] Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides transmission bars equipped with wheel hubs that have stationary brakes.
[018] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê um diferencial que recebe o sistema de redução das engrenagens. [018] Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a differential that receives the gear reduction system.
[019] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê um motor elétrico interligado que promove o acionamento de todo o sistema. [019] The present invention features an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides an interconnected electric motor that drives the entire system.
[020] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê um dispositivo que substitui o terceiro eixo de caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque. [020] The present invention features an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and commercial vehicles. trailer that provides a device that replaces the third axle of trucks, cargo vehicles and towing vehicles.
[021] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê um dispositivo disposto em conjunto com um inversor e uma CPU posicionadas no chassi do veículo. [021] A characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a device arranged together with an inverter and a CPU positioned on the chassis of the vehicle.
[022] É característica da presente invenção um dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque que provê um dispositivo dotado por um sistema de frenagem regenerativa integrado ao motor e a um conjunto de baterias. [022] Characteristic of the present invention is an electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles that provides a device equipped with a regenerative braking system integrated with the engine and a set of batteries.
BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[023] A figura 1 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [023] Figure 1 presents a perspective view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[024] A figura 2 apresenta a vista em perspectiva posterior do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [024] Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[025] A figura 3 apresenta a vista lateral do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [025] Figure 3 shows the side view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[026] A figura 4 apresenta a vista superior do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [026] Figure 4 shows the top view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[027] A figura 5 apresenta a vista frontal do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [027] Figure 5 shows the front view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[028] A figura 6 apresenta a vista em corte do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [028] Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the electrical axis detailing its construction.
[029] A figura 7 apresenta a vista explodida do eixo elétrico detalhando sua construtividade. [029] Figure 7 shows the exploded view of the electric shaft detailing its construction.
[030] A figura 8 apresenta a vista superior do caminhão dotado pelo eixo elétrico aplicado, detalhando sua aplicação como substituição do terceiro eixo. [031] A figura 9 apresenta a vista superior do caminhão dotado pelo eixo elétrico, inversor, CPU e baterias, detalhando sua aplicação como substituição do terceiro eixo. [030] Figure 8 shows the top view of the truck equipped with the applied electric axle, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle. [031] Figure 9 shows the top view of the truck equipped with the electric axle, inverter, CPU and batteries, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle.
[032] A figura 10 apresenta a vista perspectiva do caminhão dotado pelo eixo elétrico, inversor, CPU e baterias, detalhando sua aplicação como substituição do terceiro eixo. [032] Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the truck equipped with the electric axle, inverter, CPU and batteries, detailing its application as a replacement for the third axle.
DESCRIÇÃO DA INVENÇÃO DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[033] O dispositivo elétrico de tração adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque, objeto da presente invenção, compreende um eixo elétrico (100) que substitui o terceiro eixo (eixo de arrasto), aquele que não tem tração e que sem carga fica levantado, permitindo que o usuário retira o terceiro eixo e coloque o eixo elétrico, transformando o sistema de tração de 6x2 em 6x4. [033] The electrical traction device adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and towing vehicles, object of the present invention, comprises an electric axle (100) that replaces the third axle (drag axle), the one that does not have traction and that without load it remains raised, allowing the user to remove the third axle and install the electric axle, transforming the traction system from 6x2 to 6x4.
[034] Se o veículo tem apenas o eixo de tração convencional e o eixo dianteiro, (sem o terceiro eixo traseiro auxiliar de carga) o usuário pode adicionar o terceiro eixo elétrico (100), transformando o sistema de tração de 4x2 em 6x4. [034] If the vehicle has only the conventional drive axle and the front axle, (without the third auxiliary rear axle) the user can add the third electric axle (100), transforming the traction system from 4x2 to 6x4.
[035] O eixo elétrico (100) é dotado por barras de transmissão (10) interligadas, em uma de suas extremidades, aos cubos de roda (20) que apresentam freios estacionários (21 ), ditas barras (10) que são dotadas internamente por eixos (1 1 ) que promovem a transmissão de força do diferencial (30) para os cubos de roda (20). [035] The electric axle (100) is equipped with transmission bars (10) interconnected, at one of its ends, to the wheel hubs (20) which have stationary brakes (21), said bars (10) which are provided internally by axles (11) that promote the transmission of force from the differential (30) to the wheel hubs (20).
[036] Na extremidade oposta as barras de transmissão (10) são conectadas a carcaça central do diferencial (30) que recebe o sistema de redução das engrenagens (40), dita carcaça (30) que apresenta em uma de suas faces um suporte (51 ) do motor elétrico (50). [036] At the opposite end, the transmission bars (10) are connected to the central housing of the differential (30) which receives the gear reduction system (40), said housing (30) which has a support on one of its faces ( 51 ) of the electric motor (50).
[037] O sistema de engrenagens (40) é dotado por um eixo (41 ) que se conecta ao motor (50) de forma a transmitir o movimento do motor [037] The gear system (40) is equipped with a shaft (41) that connects to the motor (50) in order to transmit the movement of the motor
FOLHA DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO (REGRA 26) para a engrenagem (42) dotada por eixo (421) de forma a transmitir o movimento para engrenagem motriz (43) que traciona as engrenagens (44) vinculadas aos eixos (1 1) e carcaça dos tubos estruturais do diferencial (10), tal como representado nas figuras 1 a 7. REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) to the gear (42) equipped with an axle (421) in order to transmit the movement to the driving gear (43) that pulls the gears (44) linked to the axles (11) and housing of the differential structural tubes (10), such as represented in figures 1 to 7.
[038] O dispositivo (100) é dotado por uma forma construtiva que facilita sua adaptação e fixação junto a qualquer modelo de caminhão, veículo de carga ou veículo de reboque, de modo que as barras (10) podem ser ajustadas conforme a largura do chassi do caminhão, sem interferir na eficiência e no sistema de tração, mantendo as mesmas características construtivas dos cubos de roda (20), diferencial (30) e motor elétrico (50). [038] The device (100) has a constructive form that facilitates its adaptation and fixation to any model of truck, cargo vehicle or tow vehicle, so that the bars (10) can be adjusted according to the width of the truck chassis, without interfering with efficiency and the traction system, maintaining the same construction characteristics of the wheel hubs (20), differential (30) and electric motor (50).
[039] O dispositivo (100) quando instalado no caminhão é disposto em conjunto com um inversor (200) e uma CPU (300) posicionadas em algum ponto da estrutura ou chassi do veículo. [039] The device (100) when installed on the truck is arranged together with an inverter (200) and a CPU (300) positioned at some point in the structure or chassis of the vehicle.
[040] O inversor (200), disposto próximo ao motor de combustão do caminhão, promove a leitura do dispositivo (100) fazendo interface com alguns sistemas originais do caminhão, como os seguintes inputs: posição pedal acelerador, rotação rodas, pressão/sinal ABS, pressão ar freios e rotação motor combustão, dito inversor (200) que promove a interface com o caminhão através de sua conexão junto a CPU (300) que é conectada a CPU original do caminhão. [040] The inverter (200), arranged close to the truck's combustion engine, reads the device (100) by interfacing with some of the truck's original systems, such as the following inputs: accelerator pedal position, wheel rotation, pressure/signal ABS, brake air pressure and combustion engine rotation, said inverter (200) which promotes the interface with the truck through its connection to the CPU (300) which is connected to the truck's original CPU.
[041] A CPU (300) é embarcada com um software dedicado a cada modelo específico de caminhão, onde um algoritmo faz o cálculo de demanda de potência no eixo elétrico, de modo que o processamento é feito baseado nos inputs coletados dos sistemas originais do caminhão e nos sensores no sistema de frenagem ou aceleração, enviando ao inversor (200) as demandas necessárias para aceleração ou frenagem harmonicamente com a transmissão original do veículo. [042] O dispositivo elétrico (100) é dotado por um sistema de comunicação com o caminhão que compreende uma interface provendo dados métricos e inputs variados do sistema original do caminhão por meio de um software de controle disposto junto a CPU (300) e interligado ao inversor (200) do dispositivo (100). [041] The CPU (300) is embedded with software dedicated to each specific truck model, where an algorithm calculates the power demand on the electrical axle, so that the processing is done based on the inputs collected from the original systems of the truck. truck and sensors in the braking or acceleration system, sending the necessary demands for acceleration or braking to the inverter (200) harmoniously with the vehicle's original transmission. [042] The electrical device (100) is equipped with a communication system with the truck that comprises an interface providing metric data and varied inputs from the truck's original system through control software arranged next to the CPU (300) and interconnected to the inverter (200) of the device (100).
[043] Os inputs são coletados via sistema de injeção eletrônica original do caminhão, na própria CPU controladora. Assim, como necessidade básica para alimentar a CPU (300) de controle da tração elétrica, somente caminhões com sistema de frenagem ABS e injeção eletrônica Common Rail (Diesel) ou injeção eletrônica (para motores a combustão interna gás natural/GNV ou gasolina/etanol) serão possíveis ser utilizados de coleta de inputs necessários. [043] The inputs are collected via the truck's original electronic injection system, in the controlling CPU itself. Therefore, as a basic need to power the electric traction control CPU (300), only trucks with ABS braking system and Common Rail electronic injection (Diesel) or electronic injection (for natural gas/CNG or gasoline/ethanol internal combustion engines) ) will be able to be used to collect necessary inputs.
[044] O dispositivo (100) é dotado, opcionalmente, por um sistema de frenagem regenerativa integrado que compreende uma pluralidade de sensores e inputs do caminhão convencional a tração mecânica para a identificação do comportamento de atuação do sistema regenerativo, este sistema quando aplicado em conjunto com o dispositivo permite a adaptação de baterias (400) dispostas em ambos os lados do chassi do veículo para recarregamento. [044] The device (100) is optionally equipped with an integrated regenerative braking system that comprises a plurality of sensors and inputs from the conventional mechanical traction truck to identify the actuation behavior of the regenerative system, this system when applied in Together with the device, it allows the adaptation of batteries (400) arranged on both sides of the vehicle chassis for recharging.
[045] O sistema de frenagem integrado ao dispositivo (100) e software promove a análise e cálculo das capacidades de tração e frenagem que o sistema pode aplicar sobre eixo elétrico (100), mantendo a trajetória e sincronia com a tração original do caminhão. O sistema regenerativo atua por frenagem no próprio motor elétrico (50) transformando a energia cinética em energia elétrica, enviando ao inversor (200) e as baterias (400) uma corrente para o recarregamento. [045] The braking system integrated into the device (100) and software promotes the analysis and calculation of the traction and braking capabilities that the system can apply to the electric axle (100), maintaining the trajectory and synchronization with the truck's original traction. The regenerative system acts by braking the electric motor itself (50), transforming kinetic energy into electrical energy, sending a current to the inverter (200) and batteries (400) for recharging.
[046] Neste caso, o motor (50) fica associado as baterias (400) para realizar a geração e armazenamento de energia elétrica durante frenagens, além disso o motor (50) mantem sua característica original de promover e gerar torque durante a aceleração do veículo, sendo que o acionamento do sistema é comandado pelo software disposto na CPU (300). [046] In this case, the engine (50) is associated with the batteries (400) to generate and store electrical energy during braking, in addition, the engine (50) maintains its original characteristic of promoting and generating torque during vehicle acceleration, and the activation of the system is controlled by software located on the CPU (300).
[047] Outro benefício na utilização do dispositivo (100) com o sistema de frenagem regenerativa é a redução da exigência do sistema de freio, reduzindo a carga térmica e o coeficiente de atrito de seus componentes, minimizando o efeito fading. Além disso, evita o superaquecimento dos componentes do freio, acarretando no aumento da vida útil dos componentes, além de não gerar agressão aos pneus por aumentar a tração em mais um eixo. [047] Another benefit of using the device (100) with the regenerative braking system is the reduction of demand on the brake system, reducing the thermal load and the coefficient of friction of its components, minimizing the fading effect. Furthermore, it prevents overheating of the brake components, resulting in an increase in the useful life of the components, in addition to not damaging the tires by increasing traction on one more axle.
[048] O dispositivo (100) adaptado em caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque pode ser utilizado com ou sem carregamento de bateria ou com e sem o sistema de frenagem regenerativa, sendo esse item opcional em função da topografia ou tipo de serviço utilizado o caminhão. [048] The device (100) adapted to trucks, cargo vehicles and tow vehicles can be used with or without battery charging or with and without the regenerative braking system, this item being optional depending on the topography or type of service used the truck.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES: CLAIMS:
1. DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO caracterizado por compreender um eixo (100) dotado por barras de transmissão (10) interligadas, em uma de suas extremidades, aos cubos de roda (20) que apresentam freios estacionários (21), ditas barras (10) que são dotadas internamente por eixos (1 1) que promovem a transmissão de força do diferencial (30) para os cubos de roda (20), dito diferencial (30) que recebe o sistema de redução das engrenagens (40) dotado por um eixo (41) que se conecta ao motor (50) de forma a transmitir o movimento para a engrenagem (42) dotada por eixo (421), transmitindo o movimento para engrenagem motriz (43) que traciona as engrenagens (44) vinculadas aos eixos (11) e carcaça dos tubos estruturais do diferencial (10), dita carcaça (30) que apresenta em uma de suas faces um suporte (51) do motor elétrico (50), dito dispositivo (100) que substitui o terceiro eixo de caminhões, veículos de carga e veículos de reboque. 1. ELECTRICAL TRACTION DEVICE characterized by comprising an axle (100) equipped with transmission bars (10) interconnected, at one of its ends, to wheel hubs (20) that have stationary brakes (21), said bars (10) which are internally equipped with axles (11) that promote the transmission of force from the differential (30) to the wheel hubs (20), said differential (30) which receives the gear reduction system (40) provided by a shaft (41) which connects to the motor (50) in order to transmit the movement to the gear (42) equipped with a shaft (421), transmitting the movement to the driving gear (43) which drives the gears (44) linked to the shafts ( 11) and housing of the structural tubes of the differential (10), said housing (30) which has on one of its faces a support (51) of the electric motor (50), said device (100) that replaces the third axle of trucks, cargo vehicles and towing vehicles.
2. DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por as barras (10) serem ajustadas conforme a largura do chassi do caminhão. 2. ELECTRIC TRACTION DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that the bars (10) are adjusted according to the width of the truck chassis.
3. DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o dispositivo (100) ser disposto em conjunto com um inversor (200) e uma CPU (300) posicionadas no chassi do veículo. 3. ELECTRICAL TRACTION DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (100) is arranged together with an inverter (200) and a CPU (300) positioned on the vehicle chassis.
4. DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o dispositivo (100) ser dotado por um sistema de frenagem regenerativa integrado ao motor (50) e a um conjunto de baterias (400). DISPOSITIVO ELÉTRICO DE TRAÇÃO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o dispositivo (100) pode ser utilizado com ou sem carregamento de bateria ou com e sem o sistema de frenagem regenerativa. 4. ELECTRIC TRACTION DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (100) is equipped with a regenerative braking system integrated with the motor (50) and a set of batteries (400). ELECTRIC TRACTION DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (100) can be used with or without battery charging or with and without the regenerative braking system.
PCT/BR2023/050097 2022-08-02 2023-03-22 Electrical traction device adapted to trucks, freight vehicles and tow vehicles WO2024026547A1 (en)

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