WO2024025438A1

WO2024025438A1 - Arc-fault circuit interrupter with fire extinguishing system

Info

Publication number: WO2024025438A1
Application number: PCT/RU2023/000231
Authority: WO
Inventors: Евгений Сергеевич КАПЛУН
Original assignee: ГАБЛИЯ, Юрий Александрович; Евгений Сергеевич КАПЛУН
Priority date: 2022-07-27
Filing date: 2023-07-27
Publication date: 2024-02-01

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and power engineering and can be used for the timely emergency shutdown of electrical equipment under the effect of high temperatures, for example in the event of fire, as well as in the event of arcing. The technical result consists in improving the timeliness of an initial fire-extinguishing action and more effectively impeding the spread of fire in an enclosed space such as, in particular, an electrical control panel, while simultaneously protecting against arcing. The proposed device, which acts like a standard arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) for single-phase or three-phase connections, comprises a module containing an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (aerosol module), which is used in combination with an electrical igniter, a heat-sensitive trigger device, and a heat-sensitive shutdown device situated in a region exposed to the heat produced when the aerosol module is in operation, which are connected to one another in series, the device further comprising an aerosol module activation sensor and a smoke detector.

Description

ARC FAILURE PROTECTION DEVICE WITH FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

Technical field

The claimed group of inventions relates to the field of electrical engineering and energy and can be used in arc breakdown protection devices (APD) of electrical panels to prevent arc breakdown without initiating a fire extinguishing system or when exposed to high temperatures, for example, in a fire, when initiating an aerosol-forming or gas-forming fire extinguishing system (extinguishing the source of fire using an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition while simultaneously opening the line by the circuit breaker mechanism. In this case, the device is designed to be installed on a DIN rail.

State of the art

From the state of the art, arc-flash protection devices (AFDs) are known, installed in an electrical panel on a DIN rail and performing the functions of a fuse in the event of an arc breakdown. For example, such as arc fault protection devices (AFPD) in a molded case for currents of 16-630 A, up to 690 V Schneider Electric, product catalog 2021 (available online on the Internet resource https://download.schneider-electric.com) .

However, such known solutions do not ensure the opening of power circuits in the event of a fire in electrical panels and do not have the ability to extinguish fire in electrical panels.

A solution is known from the patent level of technology, which is a pyrotechnic electrical circuit disconnector (RU 139706 U1, 04/20/2014). The known disconnector contains a housing in which a conductor and a pyrotechnic charge with a melting temperature of the conductor lower than the combustion temperature of the pyrotechnic charge are located in close proximity or in contact with each other, while the pyrotechnic charge is launched using a thermal cord or from a fire detector.

The technical result that this solution is aimed at achieving is the reliable opening of the electrical circuit (switching off the power source) in the event of a fire or its threat, which prevents the development of a fire due to a short circuit. However, the known solution, like the one mentioned above, does not provide the possibility of eliminating the source of fire. In addition, the functioning of the disconnector when activated by a fire detector depends on the performance of external means, which reduces the reliability of its operation.

It should also be noted that the known solution does not operate quickly, since for its operation it is necessary to reach the activation temperature of the thermal cord, and the source of this temperature is external, i.e. provided by the source of fire itself. Obviously, until this temperature is reached, the fire will spread unhindered, causing damage to surrounding equipment.

To ensure the possibility of not only opening circuits, but also implementing primary automatic fire extinguishing, the prior art uses a combination of opening means and fire extinguishing means, as is presented, for example, in patent source CN 210040091 U, 02/07/2020.

In this solution, the circuit breaker contains a main body, as well as a container with a fire extinguishing agent and a supercharger attached to it. Control of the operation of the supercharger and spraying of the fire extinguishing agent is ensured when a certain temperature is reached due to a thermal switch located on the switch body.

The known solution eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art in terms of providing the primary fire extinguishing function. Despite this, the known solution has a number of disadvantages, which are as follows.

The complexity and bulkiness of the design of the specified switch prevents its placement in a standard housing of electrical devices for installation on a DIN rail in an electrical panel. At the same time, the placement of means capable of extinguishing a fire in an electrical panel is critically important, since in a closed limited space of a panel with tightly packed electrical modules, the spread of fire occurs rapidly, which leads to the emergence of secondary fires due to a short circuit of wires with burnt or melted insulation and irreversible damage to modules.

In addition to the above, the known solution, like the one discussed above under patent RU 139706 U1, does not have operational efficiency, since for its operation it is necessary to reach the activation temperature of the thermal switch, and this temperature is determined by an external source, i.e. the source of the fire itself. How As a result, before the fire extinguishing agent is activated, significant damage to the electrical modules located in the electrical panel is possible.

From the patent level of technology, a solution is known that is an autonomous fire extinguishing device with fixation on a DIN rail (utility model patent No. 204767 dated 06/09/21). The known device contains a housing in which a fire extinguishing aerosol generator module with a thermochemical initiator is located.

The autonomous device is made in the form of a separate module and does not have the ability to open power electrical lines, which significantly increases the likelihood of re-ignition of electrical wiring in electrical cabinets and increases the likelihood of electric shock to people. Also, the autonomous device cannot be initiated by an external control signal and does not generate an information signal about activation, which does not allow combining autonomous devices into groups or informing about the start of the fire extinguishing process.

The technical problem is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of primary fire extinguishing with increasing efficiency in preventing the spread of fire in a confined space, in particular, such as an electrical panel, while simultaneously opening the electrical circuit, while the described device can open the electrical circuit during an arc breakdown without initiating an aerosol-forming or gas-forming fire extinguishing system, working as a standard arc fault protection device (AFD) for single- or three-phase connections.

Disclosure of the Invention

The specified technical result according to the first option is achieved in an arc breakdown protection device (APD) in a single-phase design with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOS module), made in a housing with or without DIN-rail mounting, containing power electrical terminals located in the housing for connection of the phase wire, electrical terminals for connecting the neutral wire N, AOS module, automatic phase and neutral shutdown mechanism N, electric igniter of the AOS module, initiating heat-sensitive device, and/or a smoke sensor, configured to start the electric igniter of the AOS module, disconnecting heat-sensitive device , configured to control the shutdown of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism, wherein the input phase and input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or smoke sensor and an electric igniter of the AOS module connected in turn to the AOS module, as well as through conductors connected to the contact group for external triggering of the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device is located in close proximity to the AOS module or in the AOS module and is connected through conductors to the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism; the housing has holes for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, holes for the operation of an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor.

In an alternative embodiment, the specified technical result is achieved in a single-phase arc fault protection device (AFDP) with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOC module) made in a housing with or without DIN rail mounting, containing power electrical terminals for connection located in the housing phase wire, electrical terminals for connecting the neutral wire N, a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phase and neutral N, an AOS module, an electric igniter of the AOS module, an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor, configured to start the electric igniter of the AOS module, connected through conductors to the contact group for external triggering of the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, as well as a disconnecting temperature-sensitive device connected to it in series, configured to control the shutdown of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism, and the input phase and input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to the electric igniter of the module AOS and an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor and a shutdown temperature-sensitive device, and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device is additionally connected through conductors to a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phase and zero N, the housing has holes for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, holes for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke detector and temperature-sensitive shut-off device.

In an alternative embodiment of the device, the smoke sensor contains a control and power module. In an alternative embodiment of the device, the DIN rail mounting assembly is a DIN rail slot located on the rear side of the device housing, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the housing to the DIN rail.

In an alternative embodiment, the device contains a temperature-sensitive device connected through a contact group and conductors to the initiating voltage, capable of operating in the event of a fire in the electrical cabinet and using the electric igniter of the AOC module to initiate the AOC module to extinguish the fire in the electrical panel.

Alternatively, the device may contain an AOS module response sensor to generate and output a signal to external devices about the fact that the fire extinguishing process has started.

In the preferred embodiment, the initiation unit is made in the form of an electric igniter of the AOS module, which in turn is connected to the input terminal of the phase and the input terminal of the neutral wire N through a triggering temperature-sensitive device and is connected to an external contact group capable of triggering the electric igniter of the AOS module through the conductors with an external signal.

The housing can be made in the form of standard electrical equipment installed in an electrical cabinet.

The possibility of installing the proposed device, which includes an AOS module with a solid propellant aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, inside confined spaces with electrical equipment on a DIN rail makes it possible to suppress fires with high fire extinguishing efficiency, without requiring the installation of additional fastening units.

The design of the unit for mounting on a DIN rail is in the form of a slot located on the back side of the device case, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the case on a DIN rail, is ergonomic - convenient for installing and removing the device, which makes it possible to install it in various places (including hard-to-reach ones) of distribution boards or cabinets, which in turn increases the efficiency of autonomous fire extinguishing in case of electrical equipment fires.

Taking into account that the DIN rail is widely used for fastening various modular electrical equipment in cabinet-type rooms, and also that the aerosol-forming composition, in comparison with powder, carbon dioxide and foam compositions, has no restrictions on use (in terms of the power of the protected electrical equipment and the presence of voltage) and does not have a negative impact on electrical equipment, the proposed fire extinguishing device can be installed anywhere in a protected object equipped with a DIN rail.

The specified technical result according to the second option is achieved in an arc breakdown protection device (AFD) in a three-phase design with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOS module), made in a housing with or without DIN-rail mounting, containing power electrical terminals located in the housing for connection of phase wires of phases A, B, C, electrical terminals for connecting the neutral wire N, AOS module, automatic phase and neutral disconnection mechanism N, electric igniter of the AOS module, initiating temperature-sensitive device, and/or smoke sensor, configured to start the electric igniter AOS module, disconnecting a temperature-sensitive device, configured to control the shutdown of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism, and any input phase and input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to the initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or smoke sensor and the electric igniter of the AOS module connected in turn with the AOS module, as well as through conductors connected to the contact group for external triggering of the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device is located in close proximity to the AOS module or in the AOS module and is connected through conductors to the automatic phase and zero shutdown mechanism N ; the housing has holes for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, holes for the operation of an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor.

In an alternative embodiment, the specified technical result is achieved in an arc breakdown protection device (AFD) in a three-phase design with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOC module) made in a housing with or without DIN rail mounting, containing power electrical terminals for connection located in the housing phase wires of phases A, B, C, electrical terminals for connecting the neutral wire N, a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phases and neutral N, an AOS module, an electric igniter of the AOS module, an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor configured to start the electric igniter of the AOS module , connected through conductors to a contact group for external triggering of the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, as well as a series-connected switching off temperature-sensitive device, configured to control the shutdown of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism, with any input phase and The input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to the electric igniter of the AOS module, which is in turn connected to an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor and a shutdown temperature-sensitive device, and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device is additionally connected through conductors to a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phases and zero N, in the housing there are holes for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, holes for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or smoke sensor and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device.

In an alternative embodiment of the device, the smoke sensor contains a control and power module.

In an alternative embodiment of the device, the DIN rail mounting assembly is a DIN rail slot located on the rear side of the device housing, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the housing to the DIN rail.

In the preferred embodiment, the initiation unit is made in the form of an electric igniter of the AOS module, which in turn is connected to the input terminal of any of the phases A, B, C and the input terminal of the neutral wire N through a triggering temperature-sensitive device and is connected to an external contact group capable of triggering through conductors electric igniter of the AOS module by an external signal.

The possibility of installing the proposed device, which includes an AOS module with a solid propellant aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, inside confined spaces with electrical equipment on a DIN rail makes it possible to suppress fires with high fire extinguishing efficiency, without requiring the installation of additional fastening units. The design of the unit for mounting on a DIN rail is in the form of a slot located on the back side of the device housing, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the housing on a DIN rail, is ergonomic - convenient for installing and removing the device, which makes it possible to install it in various places (including hard-to-reach ones) of distribution boards or cabinets, which in turn increases the efficiency of autonomous fire extinguishing in case of electrical equipment fires.

The following description provides information regarding the implementation of the device and confirmation of the achievement of the specified technical result.

Carrying out the invention

In accordance with the first embodiment of the device, the following provides information about an advantageous embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, defined by the characteristics of an independent claim.

In order to more fully understand the essence of the patent, the description makes reference to the explanatory drawing (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4), according to which the appearance of the housing with a cut is presented for a single-phase design (Fig. 1, Fig. 4). 3), diagram of an arc breakdown protection device (APD) with an AOS module containing an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition in a single-phase design (Fig. 2, Fig. 4), as well as a set of elements in a single-phase design located in the arc breakdown protection device (APD) (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4).

In the preferred embodiment, the proposed product is mounted in an electrical cabinet on a DIN rail and is a separate device. The product can be used in single-phase networks.

According to FIG. 1 and fig. 2, the product body contains: a pair of phase terminals (14-14') and a pair of neutral terminals (13-13'). A mechanism for automatically disconnecting phase and zero N (4), power wires of phase (1), and neutral wire N (2) are connected to the device through phase and neutral terminals. On the body according to Fig. 1 and fig. 2 there are outlet openings (7) for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, formed during operation of the device, as well as inlet holes (6) for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or smoke sensor (17).

Mainly in the center of the housing, automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanisms are fixed (4), and in the side housing the AOS module (12) with an electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is fixed.

Aerosol-forming or gas-forming fire extinguishing systems are widespread in the state of the art. As an example, we can consider the principle of operation of an aerosol-forming composition, based on the inhibition of chemical processes occurring in a flame by highly dispersed particles (aerosol) of alkali metal salts, released during the combustion of an aerosol-forming charge and capable of being suspended for a long time, which ensures elimination source of fire. It is known that when the aerosol-forming composition operates, a zone with a significantly elevated temperature (for example, more than 300°C) is provided around it. This effect is used in the device to increase the efficiency of primary fire extinguishing by increasing the effectiveness of preventing the spread of fire in a confined space, and initiating the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism (4).

In the immediate vicinity of the AOS module (12) or in the AOS module (12) in the device body there is a disconnecting temperature-sensitive device (8) (can be made with an electrical power and control module - not shown) according to Fig. 1 and fig. 2, responsible for generating a shutdown signal for automatic shutdown of phase and zero N (4) in the event of a fire in the electrical panel and activation of the AOS module (12) using the electrical initiator of the AOS module (9), the signal for which is generated by the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) (can be made with an electrical power and control module - not shown) and/or a smoke sensor (17). The distance from the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) to the AOS module (12) is selected from the condition that when the AOS module (12) is triggered, the resulting temperature ensures that the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) is triggered by overheating (for example, at 100°C), thereby closing the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) generating a signal to turn off the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism (4). Thus, the term “close proximity” within the framework of this application should be understood as such a placement in which the heat from the operating AOS module (12) could ensure the activation of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8). Next, as shown in FIG. 1 and fig. 2, the housing contains an initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or a smoke sensor (17). The properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are selected in such a way that its operation is ensured before the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) is reached, and the smoke sensor (17) is activated when a certain concentration of combustion products appears in the electrical cabinet. For example, the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can be selected in a discrete range (for example, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C) depending on the placement conditions of the device. The initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can additionally be equipped with an electrical power supply and control module (not shown) for the electric igniter of the AOC module (9).

The initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and the smoke sensor (17) can be connected in parallel, which allows you to start the extinguishing process when any of the sensors is triggered, or in series, which involves the activation of the AOC module (12) only when the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and the smoke sensor are triggered (17) simultaneously.

The proposed device works as follows.

In normal condition fig. 1, fig. 2 phase terminals (14-14’) are connected to a mechanism for automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4). Thus, the flow of electric current through the circuit is ensured: Terminal (14) - Conductor (1) - Automatic phase and zero disconnection mechanism N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14’). Also, the neutral terminals (13-13’) are connected to each other by corresponding conductors through an automatic phase and zero N (4) shutoff mechanism, ensuring the functionality of the power electrical panel. Simultaneously with those indicated, the input terminal (14 phases) and the input terminal (13 zero N) through the corresponding conductors are connected to the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or smoke sensor (17) and the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) according to FIG. 1 and fig. 2.

When the temperature in the electrical panel (fire of the electrical panel) in which the device is installed rises to a predetermined critical value determined by the properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5), (with or without an electrical power supply and control system) (for example, 60°C, 70° C, 80°C), heated air enters the housing (3) of the device through the hole (6), due to which the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17) connects the electric igniter of the AOS module (9), (via electrical supply system or without it) with an input terminal (14 phases) and an input terminal (13 zero N), thereby providing the flow of electric current capable of starting the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) and initiating the operation of the AOS module (12).

When the AOS module (12) starts operating from the housing (3) through the outlet openings (7) according to Fig. 1 and fig. 2, the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition begins to emerge in the form of a gaseous mixture, filling the protected volume of the electrical panel and suppressing the combustion of the components of the electrical panel. At the same time, around the AOS module (12) or in the AOS module (12), a heating zone is formed to a temperature of, for example, over 300°C, influencing with its heat flow the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8), which, heating up above the temperature of its own overheating response ( for example, more than 100°C), is triggered, thereby generating a signal to open the automatic phase and zero shutdown mechanism N (4).

Thus, when the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17) is triggered, according to FIG. 1 and fig. 2, during an electrical panel fire, the panel is extinguished simultaneously using the AOS module (12) and the phase wire (1) is disconnected along the line of phase terminals (14-14') and the neutral wire N (2) along the line of neutral terminals N (13- 13') according to FIG. 1, fig. 2, which can also be attributed to the advantage of the proposed device compared to solutions known from the prior art.

In turn, the use of the AOS module (12) as a means of ensuring the operation of an arc breakdown protection device (APD) also ensures acceleration of the opening of electrical circuits before an arc breakdown occurs, thereby preventing the occurrence of secondary fires, since the time required to achieve The response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) due to the operation of the AOS module (seconds) is significantly less than if the response of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) were provided by the heat of an external source (i.e., the source of the fire).

Thus, only through the joint use of the above means and their functioning through the specified connections is it possible to achieve the technical result to which the proposed device is aimed.

The device can be implemented using means and methods known from the prior art for a specialist, and an analysis of the state of the art did not reveal solutions that would have all the essential features presented in the formula.

In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the device, in order to more fully understand the essence of the patent, reference is made in the description to the explanatory drawing (Fig. 3, Fig. 4), according to which the appearance of the housing is presented with a section at single-phase version (Fig. 3), diagram of an arc breakdown protection device (APD) with an AOS module containing an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition in a single-phase version (Fig. 4).

According to FIG. 3 and fig. 4, the product body contains: a pair of phase terminals (14-14') and a pair of neutral terminals (13-13'). Connected to the device through the phase and neutral terminals is a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phase and zero N (4), phase power wires (1), and neutral wires N (2). On the body according to Fig. 3 and fig. 4 there are outlet openings (7) for the exit of the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition formed during operation of the device, as well as inlet openings (6) for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or smoke sensor (17).

Mainly in the center of the housing the mechanism for automatic shutdown of phase and zero N (4) is fixed, and in the side housing the AOS module (12) with an electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is fixed.

Aerosol-forming or gas-forming fire extinguishing systems are widespread in the state of the art. As an example, we can consider the principle of operation of an aerosol-forming composition, based on the inhibition of chemical processes occurring in a flame by highly dispersed particles (aerosol) of alkali metal salts, released during the combustion of an aerosol-forming charge and capable of being suspended for a long time, which ensures elimination source of fire.

A thermally sensitive shutdown device (8) (can be provided with an electrical power and control module - not shown) and/or a smoke sensor (17) (with or without a control and power system) according to FIG. 3 and fig. 4, is responsible for generating a signal to turn off the automatic shutdown of phase and zero N (4) in the event of a fire in the electrical panel.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 and fig. 4, an initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) is located in the housing. The properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are selected in such a way that its operation is ensured after reaching the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8), installed next to it and connected in series with it in the electrical circuit, and/or operation of the smoke sensor (17). For example, the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) can be selected in a discrete range (for example, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C) depending on the placement conditions of the device, and the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can be selected in the range (for example, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C). Initiating The temperature-sensitive device (5) can additionally be equipped with an electrical power and control module (not shown). The smoke sensor (17) can be connected to the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) in parallel or in series, or may be completely absent, depending on the task at hand.

The proposed device works as follows.

In normal condition fig. 3, fig. 4 phase terminals (14-14') are connected to a mechanism for automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4). Thus, the flow of electric current through the circuit is ensured: Terminal (14) - Conductor (1) - Automatic phase and zero disconnect mechanism N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'). Also, the neutral terminals (13-13') are connected to each other by the corresponding conductors through the phase and zero disconnect mechanism N (4), ensuring the operability of the power electrical panel. Simultaneously with those indicated, the input terminal (14 phases) and the input terminal (13 zero N) are connected through the corresponding conductors to the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5), the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) and/or the smoke sensor (17) and the electric igniter of the AOC module ( 9) according to Fig. 3 and fig. simultaneously phase and zero disconnection N (4) - Temperature-sensitive disconnecting device (8) - Input terminal (13 zero N).

When the temperature in the electrical panel (fire of the electrical panel) in which the device is installed rises to a predetermined critical value determined by the properties of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) (with or without an electrical power supply and control system) (for example, 60°C, 70°C , 80°C), heated air enters the housing (3) of the device through the hole (6), due to which the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) is activated, or when the smoke concentration reaches the level of the smoke sensor (17), the smoke sensor is activated ( 17), which leads to the disabling of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism (4).

If the fire continues to develop when the power is turned off to devices connected after the arc fault protection device (AFD) and the temperature continues to rise, the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) is triggered, as a result of which electric current briefly begins to flow along the circuit: Input terminal (14) - Conductor - Electric igniter of the AOS module (9) - Initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) - Disconnecting temperature-sensitive device (8) - Conductor - Input terminal (13), thereby providing a short-term flow of electric current capable of starting the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) and initiating the operation of the AOS module (12). After initiation of the electrical igniter of the AOC module (9), it burns out and finally opens the circuit. Input terminal (14) - Conductor - Electric igniter of the AOC module (9) - Initiating temperature sensing device (5) - Shutting off temperature sensing device (8) - Conductor - Input terminal ( 13).

When the AOS module (12) starts operating from the housing (3) through the outlet openings (7) according to Fig. 3 and fig. 4, the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition begins to emerge in the form of a gaseous mixture, filling the protected volume of the electrical panel and suppressing the combustion of the components of the electrical panel.

Thus, when the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) and/or the smoke sensor (17) and the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are sequentially activated, according to FIG. 3 and fig. 4, during an electrical panel fire, the panel is extinguished simultaneously using the AOS module (12) and phase (1) is opened along the line of phase terminals (14-14') and neutral wire N (2) along the line of neutral terminals N (13-13 ') according to Fig. 3, fig. 4, which can also be attributed to the advantage of the proposed device compared to solutions known from the prior art.

It is also important to note that the device in the preferred embodiment contains an input contact group (18), which allows, when a signal is applied to it, through conductors (10), to force the start of the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) using an external signal. This contact group also has a reverse function - when connecting several circuit breakers or circuit breaker expansion modules in a line to increase the protected volume, when one of the initiating temperature-sensitive devices (5) and/or a smoke sensor (17) in any of the devices is triggered, the rest the connected devices will receive an input trigger signal and will be forced to initiate along with the triggered device.

The device in an alternative embodiment contains a manual start button (25) of the electric igniter of the AOS module (9). When you press the manual start button (25), the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is directly connected to phase (1) and zero N (2), which allows you to manually initiate the electric igniter of the AOS module (9). The device in an alternative embodiment contains a response sensor (21), which in turn, via conductors (20), sends a signal to the contact group (18) (additional contacts) about the initiation of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition for processing the received signal by external control automation.

In the preferred embodiment of the device, in the rear part of the housing (3) there is a slot in which a latch-mount (23) is installed, intended for fixing the housing (3) to a DIN rail.

Alternatively, the device body can also be fixed to a DIN rail using a screw connection, however, fastening using a DIN rail assembly with a latch (23) is preferable, because makes it possible to install the device in a wider range of locations in a panel or cabinet, which leads to increased fire extinguishing efficiency.

A distinctive feature of the device is also the ability to turn off the power part of the electrical panel in the event of an arc breakdown without initiating the AOS module (12) with the possibility of subsequent arming of the arc breakdown protection device (APD) to its original state using the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism (4) and continuation operation of the device.

In accordance with the second embodiment of the device, the following provides information about an advantageous embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, defined by the characteristics of an independent claim.

In order to more fully understand the essence of the patent, the description makes reference to the explanatory drawing (Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8), according to which the appearance of the housing with a cut is presented in a three-phase version (Fig. 5, Fig. 7), diagram of an arc breakdown protection device (APD) with an AOS module containing an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition in a three-phase design (Fig. 6, Fig. 8), as well as a set of elements in a three-phase design located in the arc breakdown protection device (APD) (Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8).

In the preferred embodiment, the proposed product is mounted in an electrical cabinet on a DIN rail and is a separate device. The product can be used in three-phase networks. According to FIG. 5 and fig. 6, the product body contains: three pairs of phase terminals (14-14') and a pair of neutral terminals (13-13'). Connected to the device through the phase and neutral terminals is a mechanism for automatically disconnecting phases and zero N (4), power wires of phases A, B, C (1, 15, 16), and neutral wire N (2). On the body according to Fig. 5 and fig. 6 there are outlet openings (7) for the exit of the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition formed during operation of the device, as well as inlet openings (6) for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17).

Mainly in the center of the housing, mechanisms for automatic shutdown of phases and zero N (4) are fixed, and in the side housing an AOS module (12) with an electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is fixed.

Aerosol-forming or gas-forming fire extinguishing systems are widespread in the state of the art. As an example, we can consider the principle of operation of an aerosol-forming composition, based on the inhibition of chemical processes occurring in a flame by highly dispersed particles (aerosol) of alkali metal salts, released during the combustion of an aerosol-forming charge and capable of being suspended for a long time, which ensures elimination source of fire. It is known that when the aerosol-forming composition operates, a zone with a significantly elevated temperature (for example, more than 300°C) is provided around it. This effect is used in the device to increase the efficiency of primary fire extinguishing with an increase in the effectiveness of preventing the spread of fire in a confined space, and initiation of a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phases and zero N (4).

In the immediate vicinity of the AOS module (12) or in the AOS module (12) in the device body there is a disconnecting temperature-sensitive device (8) (can be made with an electrical power and control module - not shown) according to Fig. 5 and fig. 6, responsible for generating a shutdown signal for the automatic shutdown mechanism of phases and zero N (4) in the event of a fire in the electrical panel and activation of the AOS module (12) using the electrical initiator of the AOS module (9), the signal for which is generated by the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) ( can be made with an electrical power and control module - not shown) and/or a smoke sensor (17). The distance from the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) to the AOS module (12) is selected from the condition that when the AOS module (12) is triggered, the resulting temperature ensures that the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) is triggered by overheating (for example, at 100°C), thereby closing the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) generating a shutdown signal automatic phase and zero shutdown mechanism N (4). Thus, the term “close proximity” within the framework of this application should be understood as such a placement in which the heat from the operating AOS module (12) could ensure the activation of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8).

Next, as shown in FIG. 5 and fig. 6, the housing houses an initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or a smoke sensor (17). The properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are selected in such a way that its operation is ensured before the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) is reached, and the smoke sensor (17) is activated when a certain concentration of combustion products appears in the electrical cabinet. For example, the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can be selected in a discrete range (for example, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C) depending on the placement conditions of the device. The initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can additionally be equipped with an electrical power supply and control module (not shown) for the electric igniter of the AOC module (9).

The proposed device works as follows.

In normal condition fig. 5, fig. 6 phase terminals (14-14') are connected to an automatic phase and zero disconnect mechanism N (4). Thus, the flow of electric current through the circuits is ensured: Terminal (14) - Conductor (1) - Automatic phase and zero disconnection mechanism N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'), Terminal (14) - Conductor (15) - Mechanism automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'), Terminal (14) - Conductor (16) - Mechanism for automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'). Also, the neutral terminals (13-13') are connected to each other by appropriate conductors through an automatic phase and zero N (4) disconnection mechanism, ensuring the operability of the power electrical panel. Simultaneously with those indicated, any input terminal (14 phases A, B, C) and input terminal (13 zero N) through the corresponding conductors are connected to the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or smoke sensor (17) and the electric igniter of the AOS module (9 ) according to Fig. 5 and fig. 6. When the temperature in the electrical panel (fire of the electrical panel) in which the device is installed rises to a predetermined critical value determined by the properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5), (with or without an electrical power supply and control system) (for example, 60°C, 70° C, 80°C), heated air enters the housing (3) of the device through the hole (6), due to which the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17) connects the electric igniter of the AOS module (9), (via electrical power system or without it) with any input terminal (14 phases A, B, C) and input terminal (13 zero N), thereby providing the flow of electric current capable of starting the electric igniter of the AOC module (9) and initiating the operation of the AOC module (12).

When the AOS module (12) starts operating from the housing (3) through the outlet openings (7) according to Fig. 5 and fig. 6, the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition begins to emerge in the form of a gaseous mixture, filling the protected volume of the electrical panel and suppressing the combustion of the components of the electrical panel. At the same time, around the AOS module (12) or in the AOS module (12), a heating zone is formed to a temperature of, for example, over 300°C, influencing with its heat flow the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8), which, heating up above the temperature of its own overheating response ( for example, more than 100°C), is triggered, thereby generating a signal to open the automatic phase and zero shutdown mechanism N (4).

Thus, when the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17) is triggered, according to FIG. 5 and fig. 6, during an electrical panel fire, the panel is extinguished simultaneously using the AOS module (12) and the phase wires (1, 15, 16) are disconnected along the line of phase terminals (14-14') and the neutral wire N (2) along the line of neutral terminals N (13-13') according to Fig. 5, fig. 6, which can also be attributed to the advantage of the proposed device compared to solutions known from the prior art.

In turn, the use of the AOS module (12) as a means of ensuring the operation of an arc breakdown protection device (APD) also ensures acceleration of the opening of electrical circuits before an arc breakdown occurs, thereby preventing the occurrence of secondary fires, since the time required to reach the temperature The activation of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) due to the operation of the AOS module (seconds) is significantly less than if the activation of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) were provided by the heat of an external source (i.e., the source of the fire). Thus, only through the joint use of the above means and their functioning through the specified connections is it possible to achieve the technical result to which the proposed device is aimed.

In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the device, in order to more fully understand the essence of the patent, references are made in the description to the explanatory drawing (Fig. 7, Fig. 8), according to which the appearance of the housing with a cross-section for a three-phase version is presented (Fig. 7), a diagram of the device arc breakdown protection (ACP) containing an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOS module) in a three-phase design (Fig. 8).

According to FIG. 7 and fig. 8, the product body contains: three pairs of phase terminals (14-14') and a pair of neutral terminals (13-13'). Connected to the device through the phase and neutral terminals is a mechanism for automatic shutdown of phases and zero N (4), power wires of phases A, B, C (1, 15, 16), wires of the neutral wire N (2). On the body according to Fig. 7 and fig. 8 there are outlet openings (7) for the exit of the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition formed during operation of the device, as well as inlet openings (6) for the correct operation of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) and/or smoke sensor (17).

Mainly in the center of the housing the mechanism for automatic shutdown of phases and zero N (4) is fixed, and in the side housing the AOS module (12) with an electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is fixed.

A thermally sensitive shutdown device (8) (can be provided with an electrical power and control module - not shown) and/or a smoke sensor (17) (with or without a control and power system) according to FIG. 7 and fig. 8, is responsible for generating a shutdown signal for the automatic shutdown mechanism of phases and zero N (4) in the event of a fire in the electrical panel. Next, as shown in FIG. 7 and fig. 8, an initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) is located in the housing. The properties of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are selected in such a way that its operation is ensured after reaching the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8), installed next to it and connected in series with it in the electrical circuit, and/or operation of the smoke sensor (17). For example, the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) can be selected in a discrete range (for example, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C) depending on the placement conditions of the device, and the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can be selected in the range (for example, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C). The initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) can additionally be equipped with an electrical power and control module (not shown). The smoke sensor (17) can be connected to the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) in parallel or in series, or may be completely absent, depending on the task at hand.

The proposed device works as follows.

In normal condition fig. 7, fig. 8 phase terminals (14-14') are connected to an automatic phase and zero disconnect mechanism N (4). Thus, the flow of electric current through the circuit is ensured: Terminal (14) - Conductor (1) - Automatic phase and zero disconnection mechanism N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'), Terminal (14) - Conductor (15) - Mechanism automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'), Terminal (14) - Conductor (16) - Mechanism for automatic phase and zero disconnection N (4) - Conductor - Terminal (14'). Also, the neutral terminals (13-13') are connected to each other by corresponding conductors through an automatic phase and zero N (4) disconnection mechanism, ensuring the operability of the power electrical panel. Simultaneously with those indicated, any input terminal (14 phases A, B, C) and input terminal (13 zero N) are connected through the corresponding conductors to an initiating temperature-sensitive device (5), a shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) and/or a smoke sensor (17) and an electric igniter of the AOS module (9) according to Fig. 7 and fig. simultaneously disconnecting phases and zero N (4) - Disconnecting temperature-sensitive device (8) - Input terminal (13 zero N).

If the temperature in the electrical panel rises (fire of the electrical panel) in which the device is installed to a predetermined critical value, determined by the properties of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) (with or without an electrical power supply and control system) (for example, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C), heated air enters the housing (3) of the device through the hole (6), due to which, the shut-off temperature-sensitive device (8) is activated, or when the smoke concentration reaches the level of operation of the smoke sensor (17), the smoke sensor (17) is activated, which leads to the disabling of the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism (4).

If the fire continues to develop when the power is turned off to devices connected after the arc fault protection device (AFD) and the temperature continues to rise, the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) is triggered, as a result of which electric current briefly begins to flow along the circuit: any input terminal (14) - Conductor - Electric igniter of the AOC module (9) - Initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) - Cutting-off temperature-sensitive device (8) - Conductor - Input terminal (13), thereby providing a short-term flow of electric current capable of starting the electric igniter of the AOC module (9) and initiate the operation of the AOS module (12). After initiation of the electrical igniter of the AOC module (9), it burns out and finally opens the circuit any input terminal (14) - Conductor - Electric igniter of the AOC module (9) - Initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) - Shutting-off temperature-sensitive device (8) - Conductor - Input terminal (13).

When the AOS module (12) starts operating from the housing (3) through the outlet openings (7) according to Fig. 7 and fig. 8, the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition begins to emerge in the form of a gaseous mixture, filling the protected volume of the electrical panel and suppressing the combustion of the components of the electrical panel.

Thus, when the shutdown temperature-sensitive device (8) and/or the smoke sensor (17) and the initiating temperature-sensitive device (5) are sequentially activated, according to FIG. 7 and fig. 8, during an electrical panel fire, the panel is extinguished simultaneously using the AOS module (12) and phases A, B, C (1, 15, 16) are opened along the line of phase terminals (14-14') and the neutral wire N (2) along the line of zero terminals N (13-13') according to Fig. 7, fig. 8, which can also be attributed to the advantage of the proposed device compared to solutions known from the prior art.

It is also important to note that the device in the preferred embodiment contains an input contact group (18), which allows, when a signal is applied to it, through conductors (10), to force the start of the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) using an external signal. This contact group also has a reverse function - when several circuit breakers or circuit breaker expansion modules are connected in a line to increase the protected volume, when one of the initiating temperature-sensitive devices (5) and/or the smoke sensor (17) in any of the devices is triggered, the remaining connected devices will receive an input initiating signal and will be forcibly initiated along with the triggered device.

The device in an alternative embodiment contains a manual start button (25) of the electric igniter of the AOS module (9). When you press the manual start button (25), the electric igniter of the AOS module (9) is directly connected to any phase and zero N (2), which allows you to manually initiate the electric igniter of the AOS module (9).

The device in an alternative embodiment contains a response sensor (21), which in turn, via conductors (20), sends a signal to the contact group (18) (additional contacts) about the initiation of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition for processing the received signal by external control automation.

A distinctive feature of the device is also the ability to turn off the power part of the electrical panel in the event of an arc breakdown of the power line without initiating the AOS module (12) with the possibility of subsequently arming the arc breakdown protection device (APD) to its original state using the automatic phase and zero shutdown mechanism (4) and continue to use the device.

Claims

Claim

1. An arc breakdown protection device (AFD) in a single-phase design with a module with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition placed inside (AOS module), containing power electrical terminals for connecting the phase wire, electrical terminals for connecting the neutral wire N, and an automatic shutdown of the phase and zero N, an electric igniter of the AOS module, an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor configured to start the electric igniter of the AOS module, a shutdown temperature-sensitive device configured to control the shutdown of the automatic shutdown mechanism of the phase and zero N, with the input phase and zero the input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or a smoke sensor and an electric igniter of the AOS module, connected in turn to the AOS module, and also through conductors connected to a contact group for external triggering of the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, and the disconnecting temperature-sensitive device is located in close proximity to the AOS module or in the AOS module and is connected through conductors to the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism, while the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device is less than the response temperature of the disconnecting temperature-sensitive device.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition is a low-temperature solid fuel composition.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a DIN rail mount, which is a slot for a DIN rail located on the back side of the device housing, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the housing to the DIN rail.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke sensor contains a control and power module.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that additional holes are made in the housing for the exit of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains an AOS module response sensor for generating and outputting a signal to external devices about the fact that the fire extinguishing process has started.

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7. Arc breakdown protection device (AFD) in a three-phase version with a module with an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition (AOS module) located inside, containing power electrical terminals for connecting phase wires of phases A, B, C located in the AFDP housing, electrical terminals for connection neutral wire N, AOS module, automatic shutdown mechanism of phases and zero N, electric igniter of the AOS module, initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or smoke sensor, configured to start the electric igniter of the AOS module, shutdown temperature-sensitive device, configured to control the shutdown of the automatic shutdown mechanism phases and zero N, and any input phase and input zero N terminals are connected through conductors to an initiating temperature-sensitive device and/or smoke sensor and an electric igniter of the AOS module, connected in turn to the AOS module, and also through conductors connected to a contact group for external starting the electric igniter of the AOS module and the AOS module, and the shutdown temperature-sensitive device is located in close proximity to the AOS module or in the AOS module and is connected through conductors to the automatic phase and zero N shutdown mechanism.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that it additionally contains an actuation sensor and a manual start button for the electric igniter, wherein the actuation sensor is placed in close proximity to the AOS module or in the AOS module, connected by conductors to the contact group; the manual start button for the electric igniter is connected to the electric igniter of the AOS module.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition is a low-temperature solid fuel composition.

10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the smoke sensor contains a control and power module and is connected by conductors to the initiating temperature-sensitive device in series or parallel.

11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that it contains a DIN rail mount and is a slot for a DIN rail located on the back side of the device housing, in which a latch fastening is installed for fixing the housing to the DIN rail.

12. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the housing additionally has holes for the release of an aerosol-forming or gas-forming composition, and the response temperature of the initiating temperature-sensitive device is less than the response temperature of the shutdown temperature-sensitive device.