WO2024020687A1 - Compositions de cannabis pour articles à fumer roulés - Google Patents

Compositions de cannabis pour articles à fumer roulés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024020687A1
WO2024020687A1 PCT/CA2023/051009 CA2023051009W WO2024020687A1 WO 2024020687 A1 WO2024020687 A1 WO 2024020687A1 CA 2023051009 W CA2023051009 W CA 2023051009W WO 2024020687 A1 WO2024020687 A1 WO 2024020687A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
plant material
cannabis plant
cannabis
particle size
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2023/051009
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James GOODACRE
Michael Martin
Simon SIMMONS
Kerry Hierons
Timothy D'AMICO
Brandi KLASSEN
Richard Redekop
Original Assignee
Hexo Operations Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hexo Operations Inc. filed Critical Hexo Operations Inc.
Publication of WO2024020687A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024020687A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/302—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by natural substances obtained from animals or plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/302—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by natural substances obtained from animals or plants
    • A24B15/303—Plant extracts other than tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/39—Tobacco feeding devices
    • A24C5/396—Tobacco feeding devices with separating means, e.g. winnowing, removing impurities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/18—Selection of materials, other than tobacco, suitable for smoking
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)

Definitions

  • the present application is in the field of cannabis compositions. More specifically, the present application relates to compositions for loading into rolled smoking articles and methods for providing the same.
  • cannabis material is reduced to a particulate form, loaded into a rolling medium (typically a rolling tube, cone, or wrapper) to obtain cannabis rolled smoking articles, or pre-rolls.
  • a rolling medium typically a rolling tube, cone, or wrapper
  • the cannabis pre-roll is then lit and resulting smoke is inhaled by the user.
  • Tobacco cigarette manufacturing has been automated for decades. Typically, a machine rolls the shredded tobacco into the paper to create a rod, which is then cut to the desired length. A filter is then inserted in one end of each cigarette. Modem manufacturing machines can produce up to 20,000 cigarettes per minute.
  • the material used for rolling tobacco cigarette mainly consists of the plant leaves, which are typically easier to process and handle.
  • the part of the cannabis plant that is to be consumed is primarily the flower (or “bud”), which has significant oil and wax content.
  • compositions of the present application are particularly well suited for loading into rolled smoking articles in automated or semi-automated settings.
  • the compositions of the present application further provide for rolled articles having uniform shapes, in which the filled material is suitably retained, and which has an even burn profile upon consumption.
  • compositions of the present application have shown improved yields (less loose trichomes creating stickiness and accumulation in equipment, less rejection of pre-rolls based on weight) and desirable pre-roll articles product characteristics. Comparable compositions did not display the same properties, highlighting the surprising results obtained with the compositions of the application.
  • cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 20% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than about 4mm.
  • the cannabis plant material has a relative humidity from about 9.5% to about 12%.
  • the relative humidity is from about 10 % to about 11.5%.
  • a cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than 4mm, at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm, at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm, at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 1 ,4mm, and at least about 45% of the particles being more than about 1.0mm.
  • the particle size distribution is determined by a vibratory sieve shaker in which a sieve stack comprising sieve plates of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 430 pm and 250 pm mounted according to increasing mesh sizes, and particles on each sieve plates are weighted after separation.
  • the vibratory sieve shaker is a Retsch GmbH Vibratory Sieve Shaker AS 200 digit cA, at an amplitude of about 6mm.
  • the cannabis plant material composition further comprising one or more additive.
  • the additive is a cannabis distillate, a crude cannabis oil, hemp oil or mixtures thereof.
  • the cannabis plant material composition is for use in producing rolled smoking articles.
  • the cannabis plant material composition is for use in filter rods making machine for rolled smoking articles.
  • a rolled smoking article comprising a cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 20% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than about 4mm.
  • the cannabis plant material has a relative humidity from about 9.5% to about 12%.
  • the relative humidity is from about 10 % to about 11.5%.
  • a rolled smoking article comprising a cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than 4mm, at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm, at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm, at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 1 ,4mm, and at least about 45% of the particles being more than about 1 .0mm.
  • the particle size distribution is determined by a vibratory sieve shaker in which a sieve stack comprising sieve plates of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 1 .4 mm, 1 .0 mm, 430 pm and 250 pm mounted according to increasing mesh sizes, and particles on each sieve plates are weighted after separation.
  • the vibratory sieve shaker is a Retsch GmbH Vibratory Sieve Shaker AS 200 digit cA, at an amplitude of about 6mm.
  • the rolled smoking article comprises one or more additional additive.
  • the additive is a cannabis distillate, a crude cannabis oil, hemp oil or mixtures thereof.
  • the rolled smoking article is produced in a filter rods making machine.
  • a method for producing rolled smoking articles comprises providing a cannabis plant material composition comprising an heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the method also comprises shaping the cannabis plant material composition into a rod of predetermined size.
  • the method also comprises wrapping the rod into a wrapping material.
  • the method also comprises cutting the wrapped rod into predetermined lengths to provide rolled smoking articles.
  • the method is conducted in filter rods making machine.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 20% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 2mm. [0038] In some examples, the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than about 4mm.
  • the cannabis plant material has a relative humidity from about 9.5% to about 12%.
  • the relative humidity is from about 10 % to about 11.5%.
  • a method for producing rolled smoking articles comprises providing a cannabis plant material composition comprising an heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than 4mm, at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm, at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm, at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 1 ,4mm, and at least about 45% of the particles being more than about 1.0mm.
  • the particle size distribution is determined by a vibratory sieve shaker in which a sieve stack comprising sieve plates of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 430 pm and 250 pm mounted according to increasing mesh sizes, and particles on each sieve plates are weighted after separation.
  • the method also comprises compressing and shaping the cannabis plant material composition into a rod of predetermined size, wrapping the rod into a wrapping material, and cutting the wrapped rod into predetermined lengths to provide rolled smoking articles.
  • the vibratory sieve shaker is a Retsch GmbH Vibratory Sieve Shaker AS 200 digit cA, at an amplitude of about 6mm.
  • the method is conducted in filter rods making machine.
  • the rolled smoking articles further comprise one or more additives.
  • the additive is a cannabis distillate, a crude cannabis oil, hemp oil or mixtures thereof.
  • a cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm for producing rolled smoking articles.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 20% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than about 4mm.
  • the cannabis plant material has a relative humidity from about 9.5% to about 12%.
  • the relative humidity is from about 10 % to about 11.5%.
  • a cannabis plant material composition comprising a heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 1 % of the particles being more than 4mm, at least about 6% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm, at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm, at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 1 ,4mm, and at least about 45% of the particles being more than about 1.0mm.
  • the particle size distribution is determined by a vibratory sieve shaker in which a sieve stack comprising sieve plates of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 1 .4 mm, 1 .0 mm, 430 pm and 250 pm mounted according to increasing mesh sizes, and particles on each sieve plates are weighted after separation for producing rolled smoking articles.
  • the vibratory sieve shaker is a Retsch GmbH Vibratory Sieve Shaker AS 200 digit cA, at an amplitude of about 6mm.
  • the rolled smoking articles further comprise one or more additives.
  • the additive is a cannabis distillate, a crude cannabis oil, hemp oil or mixtures thereof.
  • the use is in a filter rods making machine.
  • FIG.1 is a non-limiting flowchart of a method for manufacturing a cannabis smoking article in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.2 is a perspective view of a cannabis pre-roll filled with compositions in accordance with the present disclosure compared to a cannabis pre-roll filled with compositions in accordance with the prior art.
  • FIG.3 is a cross-sectional view of a cannabis pre-roll filled with compositions in accordance with the present disclosure compared to a cannabis preroll filled with compositions in accordance with the prior art.
  • FIG.4A, FIG.4B, FIG.4C, FIG.4D, FIG.4E, FIG.4F and FIG.4G are images of sieve plates of different sizes, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.5 shows a particle size distribution graph in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.6 is a perspective view of a trimmer for trimming cannabis leaves in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.7 is a perspective view of a conditioner for rehumidifying cannabis material in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.8 is a front view of a cutting apparatus for cutting cannabis material in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the words “comprising” (and any form of comprising, such as “comprise” and “comprises”), “having” (and any form of having, such as “have” and “has”), "including” (and any form of including, such as “include” and “includes”) or “containing” (and any form of containing, such as “contain” and “contains”), are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or process steps.
  • the second component as used herein is chemically different from the other components or first component.
  • a “third” component is different from the other, first, and second components, and further enumerated or “additional” components are similarly different.
  • composition of the application or “composition of the present application” and the like as used herein refers to a composition comprising one or more components of the application.
  • suitable means that the selection of the particular composition or conditions would depend on the specific steps to be performed, the identity of the components to be transformed and/or the specific use for the compositions, but the selection would be well within the skill of a person trained in the art.
  • the term “cannabis” generally refers to a genus of flowering plants that includes a number of species. There are three different species that have been recognized, namely Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica and Cannabis ruderalis. Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a strain of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for the industrial uses of its derived products. Hemp has lower concentrations of the cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and higher concentrations of the cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD), which decreases or eliminates its psychoactive effects.
  • THC cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol
  • CBD cannabinoid cannabidiol
  • the term “cannabis plant(s)”, encompasses wild type Cannabis and also variants thereof, including cannabis chemovars (or “strains”) that naturally contain different amounts of the individual cannabinoids.
  • cannabis chemovars or “strains” that naturally contain different amounts of the individual cannabinoids.
  • Cannabis strains have been bred to produce minimal levels of THC, the principal psychoactive constituent responsible for the high associated with it and other strains have been selectively bred to produce high levels of THC and other psychoactive cannabinoids.
  • Cannabis plants produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic compounds called cannabinoids, some of which produce the “high” one experiences from consuming marijuana.
  • cannabisbis plant material refers to any part of the plant such as cannabis trim, cannabis flower (also called “cannabis bud”), cannabis kief, or any combination thereof.
  • the plant material can be processed by removing any plant stems.
  • the resulting cannabis material with stems removed can include both flower and trim, only cannabis trim or only cannabis flowers.
  • the term “cannabis kief” refers to isolated cannabis trichomes, namely trichomes that have been separated from cannabis plant material plant using any method known in the art.
  • the isolated cannabis trichomes may be obtained by a chemical separation method or may be separated by manual processes like dry sifting or by water extraction methods. Such methods are known in the art, and as such will not be further described here. Because of inherent limitations to existing separation methods, some plant matter or other foreign matter can be present in cannabis kief.
  • the term “cannabis trim” generally refers to excess leaves a cultivator trims from the plants. For example, there are two types of leaves that are trimmed from cannabis buds; sugar leaves, which are smaller one-fingered leaves close to the bud, and fan leaves, which are larger multi-fingered leaves. Trimming of the cannabis can occur either before or after harvest of the plants. If done before, the trimming process maximizes the cannabis plant’s bloom, yielding more desirable crystals. That is, a good trim will get the grower a bigger, higher quality plant yield. If trimming is carried out post-harvest, the appearance and odor of the buds are improved, and the lower leaf quantity makes the resulting plant matter “smoother” to smoke or vaporize. Because of inherent limitations to existing separation methods, some plant matter or other foreign matter can be present in cannabis trim.
  • annabis flower or “cannabis bud” generally refer to the flowers that grow on female cannabis plants, containing cannabinoids and terpenes, and covered with trichomes. It is the part of the plant that is dried for consumption.
  • the term “cannabis sugar leaves” generally refers to the small one-fingered, resin-coated leaves growing out of the buds, which are typically trimmed during the trimming process. Sugar leaves are close to the buds and generally have a higher THC content than the fan leaves.
  • cannabinoid generally refers to any chemical compound that acts upon a cannabinoid receptor such as CB1 and CB2.
  • a cannabinoid may include endocannabinoids (produced naturally by humans and animals), phytocannabinoids (found in cannabis and some other plants), and synthetic cannabinoids (manufactured artificially).
  • phytocannabinoids include, but are not limited to cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromanon (CBCN), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1 ), cannabidiol-C4 (CBD-C4), cannabidiol monomethylether (CBDM), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabifuran (CBF), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), cannabinol (CBN), cannabiorcol (CBN-C1 ), cannabinol-C2 (CBN-C2), canna
  • Examples of synthetic cannabinoids include, but are not limited to, naphthoylindoles, naphthylmethylindoles, naphthoylpyrroles, naphthylmethylindenes, phenylacetylindoles, cyclohexylphenols, tetramethylcyclopropylindoles, adamantoylindoles, indazole carboxamides, and quinolinyl esters.
  • Cannabidiol means one or more of the following compounds: A2- cannabidiol, A5-cannabidiol (2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-5-cyclohexen-l-yl)-5-pentyl- l,3-benzenediol); A4-cannabidiol (2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-4-cyclohexen-l-yl)-5- pentyl-l,3-benzenediol); A3-cannabidiol (2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-3-cyclohexen-l-yl)- 5-pentyl-l,3-benzenediol); A3,7-cannabidiol (2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methylenecyclohex-l- yl)-5-pentyl-l,3-benzenediol); A2 -cannabidiol (2-(6-isopropenyl-3
  • Tetrahydrocannabinol means one or more of the following compounds: A8-tetrahydrocannabinol (A8-THC), A9-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis- THC), A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (A9-THC), A10-tetrahydrocannabinol (A10-THC), A9- tetrahydrocannabinol-C4 (THC-C4), A9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-C4 (THCA-C4), synhexyl (n-hexyl-A3THC).
  • THC means one or more of the following compounds: A9-tetrahydrocannabinol and A8-tetrahydrocannabinol. In another preferred embodiment, THC means A9- tetrahydrocannabinol.
  • a cannabinoid may be in an acid form or a non-acid form, the latter also being referred to as the decarboxylated form since the non-acid form can be generated by decarboxylating the acid form.
  • the cannabinoid can be in its acid or non- acid form or be a mixture of both acid and non-acid forms.
  • the cannabinoid may be extracted from any suitable source material including, but not limited to, cannabis or hemp plant material (e.g., flowers, seeds, and trichomes) or may be manufactured artificially (for example cannabinoids produced in yeast, as described in WO WO201 8/148848).
  • Cannabinoids can be extracted from a cannabis or hemp plant material according to any procedure known in the art.
  • a “crude extract” containing a cannabinoid may be obtained by extraction from plant materials using for example aliphatic hydrocarbons (such as propane, butane), alcohols (such as ethanol), petroleum ether, naphtha, olive oil, carbon dioxide (including supercritical and subcritical CO2), chloroform, or any combinations thereof.
  • the crude extract may then be “winterized”, that is, extracted with an organic solvent (such as ethanol) to remove lipids and waxes (to produce a “winterized extract”), as described for example in US 7,700,368, US 2004/0049059, and US 2008/0167483, which are each herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • an organic solvent such as ethanol
  • the method for obtaining the cannabinoid may further include purification steps such as a distillation step to further purify, isolate or crystallize one or more cannabinoids, which is referred to in the art and herein as a “distillate”; US 2016/0346339, which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a process for extracting cannabinoids from cannabis plant material using solvent extraction followed by filtration, and evaporation of the solvent in a distiller to obtain a distillate.
  • the distillate may be cut with one or more terpenes.
  • the crude extract, the winterized extract or the distillate may be further purified, for example using chromatographic and other separation methods known in the art, to obtain an “isolate”.
  • Cannabinoid extracts may also be obtained using solvent-less extraction methods; for example, cannabis plant material may be subjected to heat and pressure to extract a resinous sap (“rosin”) containing cannabinoids; methods for obtaining rosin are well-known in the art.
  • the one or more additional component may also be a terpene.
  • terpene generally refers to a class of chemical components comprised of the fundamental building block of isoprene, which can be linked to form linear structures or rings.
  • Terpenes may include hemiterpenes (single isoprenoid unit), monoterpenes (two units), sesquiterpenes (three units), diterpenes (four units), sesterterpenes (five units), triterpenes (six units), and so on. At least some terpenes are expected to interact with, and potentiate the activity of, cannabinoids.
  • terpenes originating from cannabis plant may be used, including but not limited to aromadendrene, bergamottin, bergamotol, bisabolene, borneol, 4-3-carene, caryophyllene, cineole/eucalyptol, p-cymene, dihydroj asmone, elemene, farnesene, fenchol, geranylacetate, guaiol, humulene, isopulegol, limonene, linalool, menthone, menthol, menthofuran, myrcene, nerylacetate, neomenthylacetate, ocimene, perillylalcohol, phellandrene, pinene, pulegone, sabinene, terpinene, terpineol, 4-terpineol, terpinolene, and derivatives thereof.
  • terpenes include nerolidol, phytol, geraniol, alpha-bisabolol, thymol, genipin, astragaloside, asiaticoside, camphene, beta-amyrin, thujone, citronellol, 1 ,8-cineole, cycloartenol, hashishene, and derivatives thereof. Further examples of terpenes are discussed in US Patent Application Pub. No. US2016/0250270, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
  • the composition may comprise from about 0.5 wt.% to about 15 wt.% terpene, for example up to about 15 wt.%, or up to about 10 wt.%, or up to about 5 wt.%, or up to about 4 wt.%, or up to about 3 wt.%, or up to about 2 wt.%, or up to about 1 wt.%.
  • the one or more additives may also be a flavonoid.
  • flavonoid refers to a group of phytonutrients comprising a polyphenolic structure. Flavonoids are found in diverse types of plants and are responsible for a wide range of functions, including imparting pigment to petals, leaves, and fruit.
  • flavonoids originating from a cannabis plant may be used, including but not limited to: apigenin, cannflavin A, cannflavin B, cannflavin C, chrysoeril, cosmosiin, flavocannabiside, homoorientin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, orientin, quercetin, vitexin, and isovitexin.
  • the one or more additives may be a flavoring agent.
  • Any suitable flavoring agent known in the art may be used.
  • the flavoring agent may be selected from the group consisting of extracts of cinnamon, monk fruit, cucumber, mint, orange, lime, citrus, cookie dough, chocolate, vanilla, jasmine, lychee, almond, banana, grape, pear, pineapple, pine, oak, apple, pumpkin, grapefruit, watermelon, cotton sugar, durian, longan, taro, sapote, toffee nut, caramel, lotus, mango, mangosteen, coconut, coffee, strawberry, passion fruit, blueberry, raspberry, kiwi, walnut, cocoa, cherimoya, custard apple, papaya, fig, plum, nectarine, peaches, guava, honeydew, jackfruit, kumquat, loquat, palm, pomelo, persimmon, quince, and tamarind, or any combinations thereof.
  • flavoring agents include, but are not limited to, mint oils, Wintergreen, clove bud oil, cassia, sage, parsley oil, marjoram, lemon, orange, propenyl guaethol, heliotropine, 4-cis-heptenal, diacetyl, methyl-p-tert-butyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, ethyl salicylate, 1 -menthyl acetate, oxanone, a-irisone, methyl cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, butyl cinnamate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, iso-amyl acetate, iso-amyl butyrate, allyl caproate, eugenol, eucalyptol, thymol, cinnamic alcohol, octanol, o
  • the one or more additives may be a coloring agent (also called “colorant”). Any suitable coloring agent known in the art may be used.
  • the coloring agent may be any suitable food grade and/or non-toxic colorant or coloring agent known in the art.
  • PSD particle-size distribution
  • PSD particle-size distribution
  • a composition that includes 90 wt.% of particles that pass a 4mm mesh sieve indicates that 90 wt.% of the particles have a size which is smaller than 4 mm and 10 wt.% of the particles have a size larger than 4 mm.
  • a composition that includes 20 wt.% of particles that are retained by a 1 .4 mm mesh sieve indicates that 20 wt.% of the particles have a size which is larger than 1 .4 mm and 80 wt.% of the particles that have a size smaller than 1 .4 mm.
  • the term “heterogenous”, in the context of a cannabis plant material composition, refers to a mixture comprising various sizes of particles and various types of particles, such as buds, leaves, trichomes, etc., where the mixture is not considered uniform.
  • fill power generally refers to the ability of a substance to fill a space, in particular by means of its resilience i.e., the capability of the substance to recover its size and shape after deformation caused especially by compressive stress.
  • the term refers to the ability of the composition to tightly fill a rolled smoking articles and be properly retained therein.
  • canoeing refers to uneven burning of a cannabis joint, for example if one side is burning faster than the other, the joint will become open on one side, which results in a canoe like shape. Canoeing can be caused by a number of factors like unevenly grinded plant material, rolling loosely or unevenly or smoking outside when it is windy.
  • compositions of the present application are well suited for loading into rolled smoking articles in automated or semiautomated settings.
  • the compositions of the present application further provide rolled articles having uniform shapes, in which the filled material is suitably retained, and which have even burn profiles upon consumption. Comparable compositions did not display the same properties, highlighting the surprising results obtained with the compositions of the application.
  • the present application includes a cannabis plant material composition
  • a cannabis plant material composition comprising an heterogenous mixture of cannabis plant material particles having a particle size distribution of at least about 15% of the particles being more than about 2mm.
  • the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 20% of the particles being more than about 2mm. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 30% of the particles being more than about 2mm. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material particles have a particle size distribution of at least about 10% of the particles being more than about 2.8mm.
  • loading a cannabis plant material composition having such specific PSD into a rolling medium to form a cannabis preroll may provide a visually more consistent and attractive product, especially when such loading is implemented at an industrial scale with the use of automated or semiautomated equipment. Further, the rolled smoking articles obtained therefrom may result in substantially fewer quality failures (e.g., based on pre-determined weight of the smoking article loaded with the composition, appearance of the smoking article, et.). Generally, the particle size distribution of the cannabis composition provides for uniform loading, better ability to fill the space within the rolling material, even burning, etc.
  • cannabis plant material composition in particle form can be obtained by processing cannabis plant material of a certain size to reduce into pieces that are smaller than the original size.
  • processing may include a pulverization process, such as comminution, crushing, or grinding, which apply an external force to reduce particles from an initial size to a smaller size.
  • Examples of such external forces may include but is not limited to compression (e.g., where at least two working surfaces approach each other slowly, pressurizing the plant material uniformly, and crush same), impact (e.g., where a highspeed impactor such as a hammer or a ball impacts the plant material, or plant material collides with itself at high speed to cause crushing), shear (e.g., where plant material is cut into small pieces by a wedge, such as a cutter), and friction (e.g., where plant material is caught between two or more working surfaces that move relative to each other, and the movement of the working surfaces produces friction between the plant material and the working surfaces, and small pieces are scraped off from the plant material surface one after another).
  • compression e.g., where at least two working surfaces approach each other slowly, pressurizing the plant material uniformly, and crush same
  • impact e.g., where a highspeed impactor such as a hammer or a ball impacts the plant material, or plant material collides with itself at high speed to cause crushing
  • the cannabis plant material is milled under conditions to provide the desired particle size distribution as a heterogeneous mixture of particles.
  • the cannabis plant material is milled using a known apparatus, such as an Urschel Miller 3600F.
  • parameters of the miller may be tuned to obtain the predetermined the particle size distribution.
  • the cannabis plant material is compressed or packed tightly and cut under conditions to provide the desired particle size distribution.
  • cutting is performed using a guillotine-type cutting apparatus such as the exemplary apparatus shown in FIG.8, where the cannabis material is fed to the cutter, compressed and a guillotine blade is actuated at regular intervals to cut through the compressed material to predetermine the particle size distribution.
  • parameters of the cutting apparatus may be tuned to obtain the predetermined the particle size distribution.
  • the tunable parameters include: feeding speed of the material towards the cutter, interval between each cut, size threshold for material to be feed back into the apparatus, etc.
  • the process to reduce cannabis plant material composition in particle form is performed such that an heterogenous mixture is obtained, for example comprising flower, stems, trichomes, leaves of various sizes, especially larger particles.
  • an heterogenous mixture is achieved by minimal processing at the trimming and cutting steps resulting in a high content of above 2mm particles which are trichome-rich.
  • the cannabis plant input material is submitted to minimal processing in a way that does not cause the trichomes from falling off the leaves, providing a more heterogenous end composition with a proportion of larger particles (i.e.
  • the filling power must be achieved differently, i.e., with a starting material having the characteristics disclosed here.
  • the results obtained from the composition of the present disclosure are thus surprising, because current procedures using vertical loading machines require to have a homogenous composition with a particle size below 2mm. As such, a skilled person would not be led to larger particle sizes as these would not be suitable in such methods.
  • the composition of the present disclosure achieves the desired product specifications (weight, filling power, burning profile and filled material retention).
  • the composition of the present disclosure allows for an improved overall yield, as the pre-rolls will meet the weight requirements, and trichomes will remain on the material thus not creating sticky spots or accumulation in the rolling equipment thus (which would create material loss and lower the yield).
  • particle size distribution may be determined using known sieving techniques. For example, a vibratory sieving may be performed, where the sample material is thrown upwards by the vibrations of the sieve bottom and subsequently falls back down due to gravitation forces onto sieve plates of various predetermined sizes, stacked with decreasing mesh size, i.e., the larger mesh at the receiving end. Thereby, the sample material is spread uniformly across the entire surface of the sieve plates and are compared with the mesh sizes when falling back down. The particle size fractions on each sieve plates may then be weighted to determine particle size distribution.
  • a composition that includes 90 wt.% of particles that pass a 4mm mesh sieve indicates that 90 wt.% of the particles have a size which is smaller than 4 mm and 10 wt.% of the particles have a size larger than 4 mm.
  • sieves plate of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2 mm. 1.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.43 mm and 0.25 mm may be used.
  • the relative humidity of the cannabis plant composition is from about 9.5% to about 12%. In some embodiments, the relative humidity of the cannabis plant composition is from about 10% to about 11 .5%. These specific humidity parameters may be obtained by specific drying conditions.
  • drying cannabis material could include the use of a commercial dehydrator system. Drying could also or instead be performed in the ambient environment. In some embodiments, drying includes a prolonged process of removing moisture from cannabis plant products under controlled conditions.
  • the drying system is a kiln wherein the crude cannabis plant material is disposed in perforated trays, containers, or the like and hot air is provided from at least one side of the kiln.
  • the drying parameters such as the temperature, the flow rate of the air, the time of residence in the kiln, etc. may be controlled to provide the predetermined relative humidity of the cannabis plant material.
  • the dried cannabis plant material may not have the desired relative humidity and may be rehumidified to reach the predetermined relative humidity.
  • a twister-type particulate conditioner including steam -injection may be used.
  • other devices known in the art for rehumidifying may be used.
  • an exemplary drying kiln system comprises an enclosure in which perforated trays or containers are received in a stacked configuration. Spacing in between the stacked trays should allow for air to flow substantially evenly.
  • the system also comprises an air circulation system, such as fans, blowers, or the like for driving air in forced circulation within the enclosure.
  • the air may be circulated from at least one side of the kiln, such as the bottom, the back wall, the side walls and the top.
  • the airflow rate will be controlled according to desired relative humidity.
  • the air may be heated prior to circulation to predetermined temperatures according to desired relative humidity.
  • the system may also comprise exhaust means to allow for the air with excessive moisture to be removed from the enclosure, while new air is being circulated.
  • the air circulation and heating system may be any know system in the art, wherein the airflow rate and temperature may be controlled.
  • cannabis plant material to be dried is received on the perforated trays or containers and placed in the drying kiln.
  • the drying parameters such as the temperature, the air flow rate and the time of residence in the kiln may be tuned and controlled to provide the predetermined relative humidity of the cannabis plant material.
  • the relative humidity may be monitored by sensors coupled with a controller so that the parameters may be adjusted in real-time, or the process stopped when the desired relative humidity is reached.
  • the predetermined relative humidity is from about 9.5% to about 12%, or from about 10% to about 11 .5%.
  • Known methods in the art may be used to determine the relative humidity of the material.
  • the dried cannabis plant material may not have the desired relative humidity and may be rehumidified to reach the predetermined relative humidity.
  • a twister-type particulate conditioner including steam-injection may be used, such as the exemplary apparatus shown in FIG.7.
  • other devices known in the art for rehumidifying may be used.
  • relative humidity is determined using moisture analyzers for rapid determination of total moisture of a sample using the thermogravimetric method.
  • Any moisture analyzers known in the art may be used.
  • Moisture of a material includes all volatile components of a sample which may be released by heating, this includes: water, alcohols, oils, volatile metabolites (terpenes, cannabinoids), substance produced through thermal degradation (e.g. by overheating), and others.
  • the thermogravimetric method an evolution of loss on drying determines moisture by measuring the mass of the sample while heating, a moisture balance will continuously monitor the mass of the sample during heating until there is no longer a change in mass at which point the moisture content will be calculated.
  • trimming may be tuned as previously discussed to retain the trichomes from falling off the leaves and thus to remain in the trimmed composition.
  • the trimming is conducted to remove fan leaves but retain the sugar leaves with the buds.
  • trimming may be conducted in any known apparatus for example, such as a Kerton Twister T-zero, such as shown in FIG.6.
  • parameters of the trimming apparatus may be tuned to obtain the desired composition, such as the tumbler speed, the vacuum suction, the tilt of the machine, the feed speed, etc.
  • the trimming conditions will need to be adjusted according to the strain of the cannabis plant material, its level of foliage, the size of the buds, etc. in order to obtain the desired end product.
  • the present application includes a method for processing cannabis plant material, said method comprising providing a crude cannabis plant material; drying the crude cannabis plant material under conditions to provide a dried cannabis material having predetermined relative humidity; and cutting the dried cannabis under conditions to provide cannabis plant material composition having a predetermined particle size.
  • the specific combination of parameters of the cannabis composition will provide for a material with an improved fill power and mechanical resilience, i.e., the ability of the composition to spring back until it reaches a restriction, after being compressed upon rolling to appropriately fill the space within the rolling media.
  • the specific combination of parameters of the cannabis composition will provide for a heterogenous material with an ability to appropriately fill the space within the rolling media, especially in the context of a preroll making apparatus. Without being bound to theory, these parameters allow for uniformly shaped articles, in which the filled material is properly retained.
  • the cannabis compositions of the present application may provide a visually more consistent and attractive rolled smoking articles with substantially fewer quality failures. This follows that the produced rolled smoking articles will present an even burning profile upon smoking, e.g., avoid canoeing of the smoking article.
  • FIG.2 and FIG.3 show a cannabis pre-roll 200 filled with a composition in accordance with the present disclosure compared to a cannabis pre-roll 210 filled with a composition in accordance with the prior art. It is clearly demonstrated that cannabis pre-roll 200 is more uniformly shaped and uniformly loaded, and the material better fill the space and is properly retained. Pre-roll 200 is visually more consistent and attractive than pre-roll of the prior art 210, which is due to the specific parameters of the compositions of the present disclosure.
  • the cannabis composition may further include one or more additives, as defined elsewhere herein.
  • the present application includes the cannabis plant material composition for use in producing a rolled smoking articles.
  • the composition of the present disclosure may be loaded into a rolling medium or wrapper to form a rolled smoking article, for example a cannabis pre-roll.
  • the rolling medium or wrapper may be a rolling tube which requires rolling the material to enclose the composition.
  • the tube has substantially the same diameter on the opening as it does on the mouthpiece, which mimics the cigarette type of air flow. It will be apparent that such loading may be performed at the manufacturing site or by an end-user.
  • the rolling medium or wrapper may be any suitable rolling medium or wrapper known in the art.
  • the rolling medium or wrapper can be made with a material such as paper, hemp, cordia palm leaf, tendu leaf, flower petal, banana leaves, flax, sisal, rice straw, esparto, and the like, and may be transparent, colored and/or flavored.
  • the rolling medium or wrapper may also further include an additive on one of its surfaces (internal or external), such as kief, terpenes, cannabis distillate, and the like.
  • the rolling medium or wrapper when rolled with the composition of the present disclosure may have a length that is approximately that one of a standard cannabis pre-roll length.
  • the length may be from about 40 mm to about 300 mm, such as 40 mm to about 300 mm, or from about 50 mm to about 140 mm, or from about 60 mm to about 130 mm, or from about 70 mm to about 120 mm, or from about 80 mm to about 110 mm.
  • the cannabis composition of the present disclosure may, if desired, include other smokable cannabis products or extracts, such as hashish, kief, crude oil, cannabis distillate, cannabis rosin (a solid form of resin produced by heating fresh liquid resin to vaporize the volatile liquid terpene component), cannabis resin, cannabis wax, cannabis shatter (a translucent butane hash oil extract that looks like amber and has a consistency almost like hard candy butter) or other smokable materials, such as tobacco leaves.
  • the composition of the present disclosure contains fillers and/or additives that regulate burning.
  • fillers that can be used are calcium carbonate to influence the permeability and color, magnesium carbonate to improve ash color, or titanium oxide if a particularly white ash is required.
  • Sodium potassium tartrate, sodium and potassium citrate can be used as a combustion regulator for wrappers.
  • FIG. 1 is a non-limiting flowchart of a process 100 of making smoking articles such as those described in accordance with various embodiments of the present application.
  • the process 100 includes a step 110 of providing a composition of cannabis materials according to the present application.
  • the cannabis material composition has specific parameters comprising particle size, relative humidity and/or leaf content.
  • the composition is incorporated into a smoking article.
  • the composition can be loaded into a rolling medium or wrapper to form a cannabis preroll.
  • the pre-rolls can proceed to subsequent steps required for commercialization; for example, the pre-rolls can be packaged in ready-to-use single packages or multiple pre-rolls can be packaged in multiple packages.
  • the method step 120 entails loading a rolling medium or wrapper (such as a rolling paper) with the composition provided in step 110.
  • the filling step can be done manually or done semi-automatically or automatically with rolling media or wrappers sequentially filled via a commercial preroll filling apparatus. Examples of known pre-roll filling apparatus may be found in EP 2401928 or US 4304243, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • cannabis pre-rolls may be produced by the machine to from a continuously fed cannabis rod, which is placed on an equally continuously supplied wrapping web and is then fixed by laying the wrapping web around the cannabis rod to a rod-shaped strand. The rod-shaped products are then cut in a predetermined length of the strand.
  • the cannabis is first fed in the device, for example by means of a negative pressure, porous, endless conveyor belt from a supply and conveyed to a rodding device.
  • the rodding device may be formed, for example by one or more rotating disks or rollers or any other means to allow for compression and shaping of the cannabis composition into at a predetermined sized rod.
  • the cannabis rod separated from the conveyor belt is placed on a continuously supplied wrapping web, which is wrapped around the cannabis rod and glued together at their lateral edges.
  • the wrapping web is placed on a further transport movement to allow some further processing, for example cutting the rod into predetermined pre-roll length, inserting a spacer if needed, packaging, etc.
  • the compressed cannabis plant material springs back to an uncompressed form or partially uncompressed form until it reaches restriction.
  • Such resilience will allow the cannabis plant material to fully and tightly fill the wrapping web and be properly retained therein.
  • the rolled smoking articles will thus have a more consistent and attractive shape, and will present an even burning profile upon smoking, e.g., avoid canoeing.
  • step 120 may include loading a weight of the cannabis material composition selected in the range of from about 0.1 g to about 2.5 g (including any value therein, such as about 0.2 g, 0.5 g, 0.6 g, 1 .0 g, 1 .2 g, 1.5 g, 1 .8 g, etc.).
  • the smoking article formed by the process 100 comprises from 0.5 g to 1 .0 g of the cannabis material, such as 0.6 g.
  • [00130] Particle size distribution was determined through sieving techniques using a Retsch GmbH Vibratory Sieve Shaker AS 200 digit cA.
  • a sieve stack comprising sieve plates of 4 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 430 pm and 250 pm was mounted on the device, according to increasing mesh sizes, i.e. the smaller size at the bottom (collecting pan) and the larger size at the top for receiving the sample.
  • FIG.4A, FIG.4B, FIG.4C, FIG.4D, FIG.4E, FIG.4F and FIG.4G are images of each sieve plates for sample 3, with FIG.4A being the larger mesh size, top plate, and decreasingly towards FIG.4G being the smaller mesh size, bottom plate.
  • Results are provided in Table 1.
  • Particle size distribution graph is presented in FIG.5. It may be seen from the graph that Samples 1- 5 contain more larger particles (i.e., of more than 2mm) than the two comparative examples. These two comparative examples exhibit a normal distribution (bell curve) as the samples of the composition of the present disclosure (Samples 1 -5) have an heterogenous distribution, i.e., not following a normal distribution.
  • Yield is expressed in % and refers to the % of input material that ends up in rolled in a market acceptable (meets desired specifications) pre-roll.
  • particles above 4mm will get rejected for the purpose of making pre-rolled articles in a rolling machine because they would cause jamming in the machine.
  • very small particles will create pre-rolled smoking articles that are too tight causing uneven burning profile upon consumption, as well as increasing the weight or causing weight fluctuations of the pre-rolls.
  • the pre-rolls When under or overweight, the pre-rolls would get rejected for not meeting the desired specifications and yield will be decreased.
  • Pre-rolls that get rejected may go through a machine that “unzips” the pre-rolls and extracts the milled material so that it goes another time through the machine.
  • Comparative examples where the particles size distribution profile was not reached showed a considerably lower yield, i.e. , about 60%s and lower. As such, specific cutting, trimming and relative humidity conditions were developed to arrive at the composition of the present disclosure having the unexpected advantages herein disclosed.
  • composition of the present disclosure achieves the desired product specifications (weight, filling power, burning profile and filled material retention).
  • the composition of the present disclosure allows for an improved overall yield, as the prerolls will meet the weight requirements, and trichomes will remain on the material thus not creating sticky spots or accumulation in the rolling equipment thus (which would create material loss and lower the yield).
  • Relative humidity was determined using a Sartorius MA160 moisture analyzer using the thermogravimetric method.
  • a cannabis sample was taken after drying and testing was performed as soon as possible after sampling to avoid losses/gains of moisture from the ambient environment.
  • the analyzer was set at a standby temperature of 50°C and a heating temperature of 90°C, with a detection limit of 1mg/30sec.
  • the moisture was determined by measuring the mass of the sample while heating, until there is no longer a change in mass, at which point the moisture content was calculated. Results are provided in Table 7.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des compositions de cannabis. Plus spécifiquement, la présente invention concerne des compositions à charger dans des articles à fumer roulés et des procédés pour les fournir.
PCT/CA2023/051009 2022-07-29 2023-07-26 Compositions de cannabis pour articles à fumer roulés WO2024020687A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170188623A1 (en) * 2015-11-23 2017-07-06 Jason Cranford Method Of Manufacturing Standardized Cannabis Cigarettes
US20180352849A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 NC3 Systems Device for delivery of smokable cannabis and manufacturing method for same
CA3081151A1 (fr) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Buzzelet Development And Technologies Ltd Nouvelles compositions de cannabis et procedes industriels pour la production de ces dernieres

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170188623A1 (en) * 2015-11-23 2017-07-06 Jason Cranford Method Of Manufacturing Standardized Cannabis Cigarettes
US20180352849A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 NC3 Systems Device for delivery of smokable cannabis and manufacturing method for same
CA3081151A1 (fr) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Buzzelet Development And Technologies Ltd Nouvelles compositions de cannabis et procedes industriels pour la production de ces dernieres

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Title
GRAUERHOLZ B: "The science behind the perfect joint. How to engineer pre-rollsfor an even and enjoyable smoke", 11 August 2020 (2020-08-11), XP093136528, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://thecannabisscientist.com/app-notes/the-science-behind-the-perfect-joint> [retrieved on 20240229] *

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