WO2024009595A1 - 燃焼システム - Google Patents
燃焼システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024009595A1 WO2024009595A1 PCT/JP2023/016490 JP2023016490W WO2024009595A1 WO 2024009595 A1 WO2024009595 A1 WO 2024009595A1 JP 2023016490 W JP2023016490 W JP 2023016490W WO 2024009595 A1 WO2024009595 A1 WO 2024009595A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- vaporizer
- flow path
- heat
- temperature sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
- F23C1/12—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/15043—Preheating combustion air by heat recovery means located in the chimney, e.g. for home heating devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Definitions
- Ammonia is known as a fuel that does not emit CO2 .
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose power generation equipment that uses ammonia as fuel. In these documents, ammonia is stored in liquid state. Before being combusted, liquid ammonia is vaporized and combusted in a gaseous state. In these documents, the exhaust heat after combustion is used to vaporize ammonia.
- the present disclosure aims to provide a combustion system that can improve energy efficiency.
- a combustion system includes a vaporizer that heats liquid ammonia using a heat medium, a boiler that is connected to the vaporizer and burns fuel containing ammonia from the vaporizer, and a flue that is connected to the boiler.
- an air preheater located downstream of the air preheater in the flue to heat the air with exhaust gas from the boiler; an induced draft fan located downstream of the air preheater in the flue and guiding the exhaust gas; a first heat exchanger disposed upstream of the vaporizer, the first heat exchanger being cyclically connected to the vaporizer by a circulation flow path, the first heat exchanger supplying the heat medium with the exhaust gas; and a first heat exchanger that heats and supplies the heated heat medium to the vaporizer.
- the combustion system includes a second heat exchanger located downstream of the induced draft in the flue, the second heat exchanger being downstream of the vaporizer and upstream of the first heat exchanger in the circulation flow path.
- the second heat exchanger may be arranged, and the second heat exchanger may include a second heat exchanger that heats a heat medium by exhaust gas and supplies the heated heat medium to the first heat exchanger.
- the combustion system may include a flue gas desulfurization device located downstream of the second heat exchanger in the flue to remove sulfur oxides from the flue gas.
- the combustion system includes a bypass flow connecting a first location downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the vaporizer and a second location downstream of the vaporizer and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the circulation flow path.
- a road may also be provided.
- the combustion system includes a valve provided in the bypass flow path, a first temperature sensor disposed downstream of the second position in the circulation flow path and upstream of the second heat exchanger, and configured to measure the temperature of the heat medium; A control device communicatively connected to a first temperature sensor, the control device opening a valve to supply a heat medium when the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is lower than a certain first threshold value. and a control device configured to send at least a portion of the heat exchanger from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, bypassing the vaporizer via a bypass flow path.
- the combustion system may include a heater located downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the vaporizer in the circulation flow path.
- the combustion system includes a second temperature sensor that is disposed downstream of the vaporizer in the circulation flow path and measures the temperature of the heat medium, and a control device that is communicably connected to the heater and the second temperature sensor, The control device is configured to further heat the heat medium heated in the first heat exchanger using the heater when the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is lower than a certain second threshold value. , and a control device.
- the combustion system may include a second temperature sensor that is disposed downstream of the vaporizer in the circulation flow path and measures the temperature of the heat medium
- the control device is communicably connected to the heater and the second temperature sensor, and when the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is lower than a certain second threshold, the heat medium heated in the first heat exchanger is , may be further heated by a heater.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion system 100 according to an embodiment.
- the combustion system 100 may also be simply referred to as a "system.”
- the system 100 includes a tank 1, a vaporizer (EVA) 2, a boiler 3, an air preheater (GAH) 4, a first heat exchanger (HEX) 5, a gas gas heater (GGH) 6, Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 7, induced draft fan (IDF) 8, second heat exchanger (HEX) 9, flue gas desulfurization device (FGD) 10, boost draft fan (BUF) 11, and chimney 12, a steam turbine 13, a generator 14, and a control device 90.
- the gas gas heater 6 includes a heat recovery device 61 and a reheater 62.
- the components of the system 100 are not limited to these, and the system 100 may further include other components. Additionally, system 100 may not include at least one of the components described above.
- Tank 1 stores ammonia. Specifically, tank 1 stores liquid ammonia. Tank 1 is connected to vaporizer 2 by flow path L1. Liquid ammonia in tank 1 is supplied to vaporizer 2. For example, the flow path L1 is provided with a pump P1 for sending liquid ammonia. The pump P1 may be communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and the control device 90 may control the operation of the pump P1.
- the vaporizer 2 heats liquid ammonia from the tank 1 using a heat medium heated by the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 9. In other words, in the vaporizer 2, the heat medium is cooled by liquid ammonia. The heated liquid ammonia vaporizes into gaseous ammonia.
- the vaporizer 2 is connected to the boiler 3 by a flow path L2.
- the boiler 3 includes a combustor 31 that burns fuel containing gaseous ammonia from the vaporizer 2.
- the combustor 31 may burn a mixed fuel containing ammonia and other fuel such as pulverized coal. Further, for example, the combustor 31 may burn only ammonia. Further, for example, the combustor 31 may burn only fuel other than ammonia, if necessary.
- the boiler 3 heats water using heat from combustion to generate steam. In the combustor 31, exhaust gas is generated by combustion.
- the steam turbine 13 is connected to the boiler 3 through a flow path L3. Steam generated in the boiler 3 is supplied to the steam turbine 13 via a flow path L3. The steam turbine 13 is rotated by steam from the boiler 3. The generator 14 rotates together with the steam turbine 13 and generates electricity.
- the flue L4 connecting the boiler 3 and the chimney 12 includes an air preheater 4, a first heat exchanger 5, a heat recovery device 61, an electrostatic precipitator 7, an induced draft fan 8, and a second heat exchanger.
- the boiler 9, the flue gas desulfurization device 10, the booster fan 11, and the reheater 62 are arranged in this order starting from the boiler 3. Exhaust gas generated in the boiler 3 flows from the boiler 3 toward the chimney 12 through the flue L4.
- the air preheater 4 is connected to the boiler 3. Air preheater 4 is arranged downstream of boiler 3 in flue L4. The air preheater 4 heats air with exhaust gas from the boiler 3. The heated air is supplied to the boiler 3 through a flow path (not shown) and used for combustion.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is connected to the air preheater 4.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is arranged downstream of the air preheater 4 in the flue L4.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is cyclically connected to the vaporizer 2 through a circulation path L5.
- a heat medium (first heat medium) flows through the circulation flow path L5.
- the first heat exchanger 5 heats the heat medium flowing through the circulation path L5 by the exhaust gas flowing through the flue L4. In other words, in the first heat exchanger 5, the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat medium.
- the first heat transfer medium can be a variety of fluids, for example water.
- a first heat exchanger 5 is arranged immediately downstream of the air preheater 4. Therefore, when ammonia is used as the fuel, the first heat exchanger 5 can efficiently heat the heat medium using the higher temperature exhaust gas. Further, the vaporizer 2 that receives the heat medium from the first heat exchanger 5 can efficiently vaporize ammonia.
- the heat recovery device 61 is connected to the first heat exchanger 5.
- the heat recovery device 61 is arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 in the flue L4.
- the heat recovery device 61 is cyclically connected to the reheater 62 by a circulation path L6.
- Gas as a heat medium (second heat medium) flows through the circulation flow path L6.
- the second heat medium may be air, for example.
- the heat recovery device 61 heats the heat medium flowing through the circulation path L6 using the exhaust gas flowing through the flue L4. In other words, in the heat recovery device 61, the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat medium.
- the heat medium heated in the heat recovery device 61 is sent to the reheater 62 via the circulation flow path L6.
- the electrostatic precipitator 7 is connected to a heat recovery device 61.
- the electrostatic precipitator 7 is arranged downstream of the heat recovery device 61 in the flue L4.
- the electrostatic precipitator 7 removes particles (soot and dust) from exhaust gas. Specifically, the electrostatic precipitator 7 applies a high voltage between a discharge electrode and a dust collection electrode to generate corona discharge. Ions are generated by corona discharge. Particles in the exhaust gas charged by the ions are attracted to the dust collection electrode by electrostatic attraction. Particles collected on the dust collection pole are removed.
- the electrostatic precipitator 7 when the amount of liquid water in the exhaust gas increases, the electrical conductivity increases and the dust collection efficiency improves.
- the exhaust gas is cooled in the first heat exchanger 5 and the heat recovery device 61 before entering the electrostatic precipitator 7. Therefore, before entering the electrostatic precipitator 7, some of the water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed into liquid. Therefore, the amount of liquid water in the exhaust gas increases, and the dust collection efficiency in the electrostatic precipitator 7 improves.
- the induced draft fan 8 is connected to the electrostatic precipitator 7.
- the induced draft fan 8 is arranged downstream of the electrostatic precipitator 7 in the flue L4.
- the induced draft fan 8 guides exhaust gas from the boiler 3 to the chimney 12.
- the induced draft fan 8 maintains the boiler 3 at negative pressure.
- exhaust gas is pressurized.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas also increases as the pressure increases.
- the energy efficiency in the induced draft fan 8 is improved.
- the exhaust gas is cooled in the first heat exchanger 5 and the heat recovery device 61 before entering the induced draft fan 8. Therefore, the volume of the exhaust gas is reduced before entering the induced draft fan 8. Furthermore, as the volume of exhaust gas decreases, the boiler 3 is more likely to be maintained at a negative pressure. Therefore, the load on the induced draft fan 8 can be reduced, and energy efficiency can be further improved.
- the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the induced draft fan 8.
- the second heat exchanger 9 is arranged downstream of the induced draft fan 8 in the flue L4.
- the second heat exchanger 9 is cyclically connected to the vaporizer 2 and the first heat exchanger 5 through a circulation path L5.
- the heat medium flows through the circulation path L5 in the order of the second heat exchanger 9, first heat exchanger 5, and vaporizer 2 (counterclockwise in FIG. 1).
- the second heat exchanger 9 heats the heat medium flowing through the circulation path L5 by the exhaust gas flowing through the flue L4. In other words, in the second heat exchanger 9, the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat medium.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 is connected to the second heat exchanger 9.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 is arranged downstream of the second heat exchanger 9 in the flue L4.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 removes sulfur oxides (SOx) from flue gas.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 may be, for example, a wet desulfurization device.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 may use, for example, a liquid containing lime or magnesium hydroxide as an adsorbent.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 drops an adsorbent into the flue gas. SOx in the exhaust gas is taken into the adsorbent and removed from the exhaust gas.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 may be a dry desulfurization device.
- the adsorbent In the flue gas desulfurization device 10, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is high, the adsorbent easily evaporates, and more adsorbent is required.
- the exhaust gas pressurized and heated by the induced draft fan 8 is cooled in the second heat exchanger 9 before entering the flue gas desulfurization device 10. Therefore, in the flue gas desulfurization device 10, evaporation of the adsorbent can be reduced. Therefore, the desulfurization efficiency in the flue gas desulfurization device 10 can be improved.
- the booster fan 11 is connected to the flue gas desulfurization device 10.
- the booster fan 11 is arranged downstream of the flue gas desulfurization device 10 in the flue L4.
- the booster fan 11 pressurizes the exhaust gas after passing through the flue gas desulfurization device 10 .
- the reheater 62 is connected to the booster fan 11.
- the reheater 62 is arranged downstream of the booster fan 11 in the flue L4.
- the reheater 62 heats the exhaust gas flowing through the flue L4 with the heat medium flowing through the circulation flow path L6. As a result, liquid water in the exhaust gas heading toward the chimney 12 is vaporized (white smoke is prevented). Therefore, corrosion of the chimney 12 can be prevented.
- the chimney 12 is connected to a reheater 62.
- the chimney 12 is arranged downstream of the reheater 62 in the flue L4.
- the chimney 12 releases exhaust gas to the outside.
- a pump P2 for circulating the heat medium is provided in the circulation passage L5.
- Pump P2 is communicably connected to control device 90 by wire or wirelessly.
- Control device 90 controls the operation of pump P2.
- a valve V1 is provided in the circulation flow path L5.
- the valve V1 is arranged downstream of the carburetor 2 and upstream of a second position C2, which will be described later.
- the valve V1 is communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly.
- the control device 90 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the circulation path L5 by controlling the opening degree of the valve V1.
- bypass flow path L7 is connected to the circulation flow path L5.
- Bypass channel L7 is arranged to bypass vaporizer 2.
- the bypass flow path L7 has a first position C1 downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 and upstream of the vaporizer 2, and a first position C1 downstream of the vaporizer 2 and the second heat exchanger 9 in the circulation flow path L5. and a second position C2 upstream of.
- a valve V2 is provided in the bypass flow path L7.
- the valve V2 is communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly.
- the control device 90 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the bypass channel L7 by controlling the opening degree of the valve V2.
- the control device 90 allows all or part of the heat medium from the first heat exchanger 5 to bypass the vaporizer 2 and directly bypass the vaporizer 2 by completely or partially opening the valve V2. It can be sent to the second heat exchanger 9.
- the system 100 includes a temperature sensor (first temperature sensor) S1 in the circulation flow path L5.
- the temperature sensor S1 is arranged to measure the temperature of the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9.
- the temperature sensor S1 is arranged at a position downstream of the second position C2 and upstream of the second heat exchanger 9.
- the system 100 includes a temperature sensor (second temperature sensor) S2 in the circulation flow path L5.
- Temperature sensor S2 is arranged to measure the temperature of the heat medium cooled in vaporizer 2.
- the temperature sensor S2 is arranged at a position downstream of the vaporizer 2 and upstream of the valve V1.
- the system 100 includes a temperature sensor (third temperature sensor) S3 in the flow path L2.
- Temperature sensor S3 is arranged to measure the temperature of the ammonia heated in vaporizer 2.
- temperature sensor S3 is arranged between vaporizer 2 and boiler 3.
- the temperature sensors S1, S2, and S3 can be various types of sensors, such as TIC (Thermal Imaging Camera).
- the temperature sensors S1, S2, and S3 are communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly, and transmit measured data to the control device 90.
- the system 100 includes a heater (first heater) H1 in the circulation flow path L5.
- the heater H1 is arranged to heat the heat medium from the first heat exchanger 5.
- the heater H1 is arranged at a position downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 and upstream of the first position C1.
- the system 100 includes a heater (second heater) H2 in the circulation flow path L5.
- the heater H2 is arranged to heat the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9.
- the heater H2 is arranged at a position downstream of the second position C2 and upstream of the second heat exchanger 9.
- the heaters H1, H2 can be various types of heaters, such as heat exchangers, for example.
- the heaters H1 and H2 may heat the first heat medium flowing through the circulation flow path L5 using another third heat medium.
- the third heat carrier may be auxiliary steam, such as bleed air from the boiler 3 or bleed air from the steam turbine 13, for example.
- the third heat medium is not limited to this, and may be another heat medium.
- Valves V3 and V4 are provided in the flow paths connected to the heaters H1 and H2, respectively.
- the valves V3 and V4 are communicably connected to the control device 90 by wire or wirelessly.
- the control device 90 adjusts the flow rate of the third heat medium flowing through the channels connected to the heaters H1 and H2 by controlling the opening degrees of the valves V3 and V4.
- the control device 90 controls the whole or part of the system 100.
- controller 90 may include one or more computers.
- the operations of the control device 90 described in this disclosure may be performed by one computer, or may be performed separately by multiple computers.
- the control device 90 includes components such as a processor 90a, a storage device 90b, and a connector 90c, and these components are connected to each other via a bus.
- the processor 90a includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the storage device 90b includes a hard disk, a ROM in which programs and the like are stored, and a RAM as a work area.
- the control device 90 is communicably connected to the components of the system 100 via a connector 90c in a wired or wireless manner.
- control device 90 may further include other components such as a display device such as a liquid crystal display or a touch panel, and an input device such as a keyboard, buttons, or a touch panel.
- a display device such as a liquid crystal display or a touch panel
- an input device such as a keyboard, buttons, or a touch panel.
- the operation of the control device 90 described in this disclosure may be realized by having the processor 90a execute a program stored in the storage device 90b.
- the control device 90 receives measurement data from the temperature sensor S1.
- the temperature sensor S1 measures the temperature of the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9. If this temperature is below a certain value, the exhaust gas may be excessively cooled by the heat medium in the second heat exchanger 9. In this case, the second heat exchanger 9 may be corroded due to the sulfuric acid aqueous solution in the exhaust gas (which may also be referred to as low-temperature corrosion).
- the control device 90 opens the valve V2 and directs at least a portion of the heat medium to the bypass flow path L7.
- the heat exchanger 5 bypasses the vaporizer 2 and is sent from the first heat exchanger 5 to the second heat exchanger 9.
- the first threshold value may be stored in advance in the storage device 90b.
- the first threshold value may be a temperature at which corrosion begins to occur in the second heat exchanger 9, or a higher temperature that further takes into account a safety factor.
- the heat medium that bypasses the vaporizer 2 is not used for vaporizing liquid ammonia.
- the heat carrier bypassing the vaporizer 2 is not cooled by liquid ammonia. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9 increases. According to such a configuration, corrosion of the second heat exchanger 9 can be prevented.
- control device 90 causes the heating medium entering the second heat exchanger 9 to be heated by the heater H2 if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor S1 is lower than the first threshold value. You may.
- the control device 90 may open the valve V4 so that the third heat medium is supplied to the heater H2. According to such a configuration, the temperature of the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9 increases. Therefore, corrosion of the second heat exchanger 9 can be prevented.
- control device 90 Next, other operations of the control device 90 will be explained.
- the control device 90 receives measurement data from the temperature sensor S2.
- the temperature sensor S2 measures the temperature of the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer 2. If this temperature is lower than a certain value, the liquid ammonia may not be sufficiently vaporized in the vaporizer 2.
- the control device 90 when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor S2 is lower than a certain second threshold value, the control device 90 further controls the heat medium heated in the first heat exchanger 5 by the heater H1. Heat.
- the control device 90 may open the valve V3 so that the third heat medium is supplied to the heater H1.
- the second threshold value may be stored in advance in the storage device 90b.
- the second threshold value may be the temperature at which ammonia begins to remain as a liquid, or a higher temperature that further takes into account a safety factor. According to such a configuration, liquid ammonia can be sufficiently vaporized in the vaporizer 2.
- control device 90 Next, further operations of the control device 90 will be described.
- control device 90 receives measurement data from the temperature sensor S3.
- temperature sensor S3 measures the temperature of ammonia heated in vaporizer 2. If this temperature is lower than a certain value, the liquid ammonia may not be sufficiently vaporized in the vaporizer 2.
- the control device 90 controls the opening degree of the valve V1 to supply the heat medium to the vaporizer 2. Increase the flow rate.
- the third threshold value may be stored in advance in the storage device 90b.
- the third threshold value may be the temperature at which ammonia begins to remain as a liquid, or a higher temperature that further takes into account a safety factor. According to such a configuration, liquid ammonia can be sufficiently vaporized in the vaporizer 2.
- the system 100 as described above includes a vaporizer 2 that heats liquid ammonia using a heat medium, a boiler 3 that is connected to the vaporizer 2 and burns fuel containing ammonia from the vaporizer 2, and a boiler 3 that is connected to the boiler 3.
- An air preheater 4 that is arranged in the flue L4 and heats the air with exhaust gas from the boiler 3, an induced draft fan 8 that is arranged downstream of the air preheater 4 in the flue L4 and guides the exhaust gas, and a flue L4.
- a first heat exchanger 5 disposed downstream of the air preheater 4 and upstream of the induced draft fan 8.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is cyclically connected to the vaporizer 2 through a circulation path L5.
- the first heat exchanger 5 heats a heat medium using exhaust gas and supplies the heated heat medium to the vaporizer 2.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is arranged relatively upstream in the flue L4. Therefore, the first heat exchanger 5 can heat the heat medium with higher temperature exhaust gas. Further, the vaporizer 2 can heat ammonia with a higher temperature heat medium. Therefore, energy efficiency can be improved.
- the first heat exchanger 5 is arranged upstream of the induced draft fan 8 in the flue L4. Therefore, the exhaust gas is cooled in the first heat exchanger 5 before entering the induced draft fan 8. Therefore, the volume of exhaust gas entering the induced draft fan 8 can be reduced, making it easier to maintain the boiler 3 at negative pressure. Therefore, the load on the induced draft fan 8 can be reduced, and energy efficiency can be further improved.
- the system 100 also includes a second heat exchanger 9 disposed downstream of the induced draft fan 8 in the flue L4.
- the second heat exchanger 9 is arranged downstream of the vaporizer 2 and upstream of the first heat exchanger 5 in the circulation flow path L5.
- the second heat exchanger 9 heats a heat medium using exhaust gas and supplies the heated heat medium to the first heat exchanger 5.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas increases as the pressure increases.
- the second heat exchanger 9 is arranged downstream of the induced draft fan 8 in the flue L4, so that the heat medium can be heated by the exhaust gas heated in the induced draft fan 8. . Therefore, energy efficiency can be further improved.
- the system 100 also includes a flue gas desulfurization device 10 that is disposed downstream of the second heat exchanger 9 in the flue L4 and removes sulfur oxides from the flue gas.
- a flue gas desulfurization device 10 that is disposed downstream of the second heat exchanger 9 in the flue L4 and removes sulfur oxides from the flue gas.
- the flue gas desulfurization device 10 when the temperature of the exhaust gas is high, the adsorbent is likely to evaporate, and more adsorbent is required.
- the exhaust gas pressurized and heated by the induced draft fan 8 is cooled in the second heat exchanger 9 before entering the flue gas desulfurization device 10. Therefore, in the flue gas desulfurization device 10, evaporation of the adsorbent can be reduced. Therefore, desulfurization efficiency can be improved.
- the system 100 also has a first position C1 downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 and upstream of the vaporizer 2, and a second position C1 downstream of the vaporizer 2 and upstream of the second heat exchanger 9 in the circulation flow path L5.
- a bypass flow path L7 is provided that connects the position C2.
- the system 100 also includes a valve V2 provided in the bypass flow path L7 and a first valve V2 disposed downstream of the second position C2 and upstream of the second heat exchanger 9 in the circulation flow path L5 and measuring the temperature of the heat medium. It includes a temperature sensor S1, and a control device 90 communicably connected to the valve V2 and the first temperature sensor S1. When the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor S1 is lower than the first threshold value, the control device 90 opens the valve V2 and directs at least a portion of the heat medium to the vaporizer via the bypass flow path L7. 2 and is configured to be sent from the first heat exchanger 5 to the second heat exchanger 9. According to such a configuration, when the temperature of the heat medium entering the second heat exchanger 9 is lower than the first threshold value associated with corrosion, at least a portion of the heat medium is transferred to the bypass flow path L7. Can be sent automatically.
- the system 100 includes a heater H1 disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 and upstream of the vaporizer 2 in the circulation flow path L5.
- a heater H1 disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger 5 and upstream of the vaporizer 2 in the circulation flow path L5.
- the system 100 also includes a second temperature sensor S2 that is placed downstream of the vaporizer 2 in the circulation path L5 and measures the temperature of the heat medium.
- the control device 90 is communicatively connected to the heater H1 and the second temperature sensor S2. When the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor S2 is lower than a certain second threshold value, the control device 90 causes the heat medium heated in the first heat exchanger 5 to be further heated by the heater H1. It is composed of According to such a configuration, when the temperature of the heat medium cooled in the vaporizer 2 is lower than the second threshold value associated with vaporization of ammonia, the heat medium is automatically heated by the heater H1. be able to.
- the system 100 includes the second heater H2. In other embodiments, system 100 may not include second heater H2. In still other embodiments, the system 100 may not include at least one of the components described above other than the second heater H2.
- the present disclosure can promote the use of ammonia, which leads to reduced CO2 emissions, so that it can, for example, support Goal 7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy.
- Goal 12 “Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns”
- Goal 13 “Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”.
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Abstract
Description
3 ボイラ
4 空気予熱器
5 第1熱交換器
8 誘引通風機
9 第2熱交換器
10 排煙脱硫装置
90 制御装置
100 燃焼システム
C1 第1位置
C2 第2位置
H1 加熱器
H2 加熱器
L4 煙道
L5 循環流路
L7 バイパス流路
S1 第1温度センサ
S2 第2温度センサ
V2 バルブ
Claims (11)
- 熱媒体によって液体アンモニアを加熱する気化器と、
前記気化器に接続され、前記気化器からのアンモニアを含む燃料を燃焼するボイラと、
前記ボイラに接続された煙道に配置され、前記ボイラからの排ガスで空気を加熱する空気予熱器と、
前記煙道において前記空気予熱器の下流に配置され、前記排ガスを誘導する誘引通風機と、
前記煙道において前記空気予熱器の下流かつ前記誘引通風機の上流に配置される第1熱交換器であって、当該第1熱交換器は、循環流路によって前記気化器に循環的に接続され、当該第1熱交換器は、前記排ガスによって前記熱媒体を加熱し、前記加熱された熱媒体を前記気化器に供給する、第1熱交換器と、
を備える、燃焼システム。 - 前記煙道において前記誘引通風機の下流に配置される第2熱交換器であって、当該第2熱交換器は、前記循環流路において前記気化器の下流かつ前記第1熱交換器の上流に配置され、当該第2熱交換器は、前記排ガスによって前記熱媒体を加熱し、前記加熱された熱媒体を前記第1熱交換器に供給する、第2熱交換器、
を備える、請求項1に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記煙道において前記第2熱交換器の下流に配置され、前記排ガスから硫黄酸化物を除去する排煙脱硫装置、
を備える、請求項2に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記循環流路において、前記第1熱交換器の下流かつ前記気化器の上流の第1位置と、前記気化器の下流かつ前記第2熱交換器の上流の第2位置と、を接続するバイパス流路、
を備える、請求項2または3に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記バイパス流路に設けられるバルブと、
前記循環流路において前記第2位置の下流かつ前記第2熱交換器の上流に配置され、前記熱媒体の温度を測定する第1温度センサと、
前記バルブおよび前記第1温度センサと通信可能に接続される制御装置であって、当該制御装置は、前記第1温度センサによって測定された温度が、ある第1閾値よりも低い場合には、前記バルブを開いて、前記熱媒体の少なくとも一部を、前記バイパス流路を介して前記気化器を迂回して、前記第1熱交換器から前記第2熱交換器に送るように構成される、制御装置と、
を備える、請求項4に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記循環流路において、前記第1熱交換器の下流かつ前記気化器の上流に配置される加熱器を備える、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の燃焼システム。
- 前記循環流路において、前記第1熱交換器の下流かつ前記気化器の上流に配置される加熱器を備える、請求項4に記載の燃焼システム。
- 前記循環流路において、前記第1熱交換器の下流かつ前記気化器の上流に配置される加熱器を備える、請求項5に記載の燃焼システム。
- 前記循環流路において前記気化器の下流に配置され、前記熱媒体の温度を測定する第2温度センサと、
前記加熱器および前記第2温度センサと通信可能に接続される制御装置であって、当該制御装置は、前記第2温度センサによって測定された温度が、ある第2閾値よりも低い場合には、前記第1熱交換器において加熱された熱媒体を、前記加熱器によってさらに加熱するように構成される、制御装置と、
を備える、請求項6に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記循環流路において前記気化器の下流に配置され、前記熱媒体の温度を測定する第2温度センサと、
前記加熱器および前記第2温度センサと通信可能に接続される制御装置であって、当該制御装置は、前記第2温度センサによって測定された温度が、ある第2閾値よりも低い場合には、前記第1熱交換器において加熱された熱媒体を、前記加熱器によってさらに加熱するように構成される、制御装置と、
を備える、請求項7に記載の燃焼システム。 - 前記循環流路において前記気化器の下流に配置され、前記熱媒体の温度を測定する第2温度センサ、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記加熱器および前記第2温度センサと通信可能に接続され、前記第2温度センサによって測定された温度が、ある第2閾値よりも低い場合には、前記第1熱交換器において加熱された熱媒体を、前記加熱器によってさらに加熱するように構成される、請求項8に記載の燃焼システム。
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| CN202380029982.4A CN118974481A (zh) | 2022-07-05 | 2023-04-26 | 燃烧系统 |
| JP2024531931A JPWO2024009595A1 (ja) | 2022-07-05 | 2023-04-26 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009216279A (ja) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-09-24 | Ihi Corp | ガスガス熱交換装置及びその熱交換方法 |
| WO2017187619A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | 中国電力株式会社 | 燃焼装置および発電設備 |
| JP2019196882A (ja) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社Ihi | 蒸気発生設備 |
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| JP2015190466A (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-02 | 株式会社Ihi | 燃焼装置、ガスタービン及び発電装置 |
| JP2018200029A (ja) | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社Ihi | 発電システム |
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- 2023-04-26 WO PCT/JP2023/016490 patent/WO2024009595A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-26 CN CN202380029982.4A patent/CN118974481A/zh active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009216279A (ja) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-09-24 | Ihi Corp | ガスガス熱交換装置及びその熱交換方法 |
| WO2017187619A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | 中国電力株式会社 | 燃焼装置および発電設備 |
| JP2019196882A (ja) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社Ihi | 蒸気発生設備 |
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| CN118974481A (zh) | 2024-11-15 |
| JPWO2024009595A1 (ja) | 2024-01-11 |
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