WO2024008054A1 - Élément de batterie, batterie et dispositif électrique - Google Patents

Élément de batterie, batterie et dispositif électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024008054A1
WO2024008054A1 PCT/CN2023/105628 CN2023105628W WO2024008054A1 WO 2024008054 A1 WO2024008054 A1 WO 2024008054A1 CN 2023105628 W CN2023105628 W CN 2023105628W WO 2024008054 A1 WO2024008054 A1 WO 2024008054A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
connecting portion
end wall
electrode
current collector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/105628
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙东升
姜玲燕
迟庆魁
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024008054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024008054A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/654—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/145—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • the battery cells include a case and an electrode assembly located in the case.
  • the electrode components in the battery cells may generate high temperatures during use, which may lead to the risk of thermal runaway of the battery and seriously affect the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • this application provides a battery cell, including: a casing, including an end wall and the side wall, the end wall and the side wall enclose to form an accommodation space; the electrode assembly is located in the accommodation space, and the electrode assembly includes an electrode body and a first tab protruding from the electrode body toward the end wall; an electrode current collector is located in the first pole Between the lug and the end wall and for connecting the lug and the end wall, the electrode current collector includes a through hole provided therethrough.
  • the battery cell includes a case, an electrode assembly and an electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly and the electrode current collector are located in the case, so that the case can provide protection to the electrode assembly and the electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly includes an electrode body and a first tab, and the electrode current collector is connected between the first tab and the end wall of the housing, so that the housing can be charged and is not prone to corrosion.
  • the electrode current collector includes a body part and a connection part, the connection part is protrudingly formed relative to the body part toward the end wall, and the electrode current collector is connected to the end wall through the connection part.
  • the assembly tolerance between the electrode assembly and the housing can be compensated, so that the connecting portion can relatively stably abut against the end wall, ensuring that the electrode collector Stability of the connection between fluid and end wall.
  • the end wall is provided with a pressure relief mechanism, and the connecting portion is connected to the pressure relief mechanism.
  • connecting the connecting portion to the pressure relief mechanism can reduce the distance between the electrode current collector and the pressure relief mechanism, thereby reducing the distance between the through hole and the pressure relief mechanism. Therefore, when a battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, hot gas or active material can flow relatively quickly through the through hole to the pressure relief mechanism and out of the case, thereby better improving the problem of thermal runaway of the battery cell.
  • the connecting part is connected to the pressure relief mechanism, so that the connection part can apply force to the pressure relief mechanism and improve the deformation problem of the pressure relief mechanism. This problem can be solved to improve the problem of slow flow of hot gas or active material caused by the deformation of the pressure relief mechanism when the battery cell is thermally out of control.
  • the edge of the pressure relief mechanism surrounds the peripheral side of the connecting portion and is spaced apart from the connecting portion. Therefore, the size of the pressure relief mechanism is larger than the size of the connection part, thereby improving the impact of the connection part on the function of the pressure relief mechanism.
  • At least one through hole is adjacent the connection.
  • the distance between the through hole and the connecting part can be reduced, thereby reducing the distance between the through hole and the pressure relief mechanism.
  • a plurality of through holes are adjacent to the connecting portion and are spaced apart around the periphery of the connecting portion.
  • the opening area on the electrode current collector can be increased, the distance between the multiple through holes and the connecting part can be reduced, and the distance between the multiple through holes and the pressure relief mechanism can be reduced.
  • a fan blade is formed between two adjacent through holes, and the fan blade is protrudingly provided by the connecting portion along the proximal end away from the end wall.
  • the connecting portion can protrude toward the end wall, reducing the distance between the connecting portion and the end wall, compensating for assembly tolerances, and ensuring that the connecting portion is and the strength of the connection between the end wall.
  • the extending size of the fan blades along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting portion.
  • the size of the fan blades can be increased to ensure that the fan blades have sufficient structural strength.
  • d is the diameter of the connecting part
  • a is the thickness of the connecting part
  • n is the number of sectors
  • ⁇ is the arc of the arc where the connecting part and the sectors are connected
  • S1 is 3mm 2 to 20mm 2 .
  • the extending size of the through hole along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting portion. It can increase the opening area of the through hole and increase the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole.
  • the connecting portion is circular, and the diameter of the connecting portion is 3 mm to 10 mm. It can not only improve the connection strength between the electrode current collector and the end wall caused by the too small connecting part, but also improve the size of the through hole caused by the oversized connecting part, affecting the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole.
  • the total area S2 of the through holes ranges from 20 mm2 to 300 mm2. It can not only improve the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole due to the small through hole, but also improve the structural strength of the electrode current collector due to the too large through hole, affecting the connection strength between the electrode current collector and the end wall.
  • the housing further includes an opening opposite to the end wall and an end cap covering the opening.
  • the end cap is provided with an electrode terminal
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second pole with an electrode body extending toward the end cap. The lug, the second lug and the electrode terminal are connected to each other.
  • the electrode assembly can be inserted into the housing through the opening of the housing.
  • the second tab is connected to the electrode terminal on the end cover, so that the second tab and the casing are insulated from each other, and the first tab is connected to the end wall of the casing, which can improve the short circuit between the first tab and the second tab. connect.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a battery, including the battery cell according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including the battery cell of any of the above-mentioned first aspect embodiments, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a front view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of position I in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a front view of an electrode current collector of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 8 .
  • the reference numbers in the specific implementation are as follows: 1 vehicle, 10 batteries, 11 controllers, 12 motors; 20 battery modules; 30 cabinet, 301 first cabinet part; 302 second cabinet part; 100 battery cells, 110 shell, 111 end wall, 112 side wall, 120 electrode assembly, 121 electrode body, 122 first pole tab, 123 second pole tab, 130 electrode current collector, 131 through hole, 132 body part, 133 connection part, 134 segments, 140 pressure relief mechanism, 150 end cover, 151 electrode terminal, 160 adapter parts, 170 insulation parts, 180 liquid injection cap.
  • X first direction; Y, second direction; Z; third direction.
  • a first feature “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in direct contact. Indirect contact through intermediaries.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application can To include battery modules or battery packs, etc.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collecting part and a positive electrode tab connected to the positive electrode current collecting part.
  • the positive electrode current collecting part The positive electrode active material layer is coated, and the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collecting part and a negative electrode tab connected to the negative electrode current collecting part, and the negative electrode current collecting part The negative electrode active material layer is coated, and the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the inventors designed a battery cell, battery and electrical device after in-depth research.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly located in the casing, and an electrode current collector.
  • the electrode current collector is provided with a through hole, so that hot gas or active material can be transmitted through the through hole in a timely manner, thereby reducing the Battery cell temperature can alleviate dangerous situations such as explosions caused by thermal runaway and improve the safety performance of battery cells.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 10 is disposed inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 10 can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 11 and a motor 12 .
  • the controller 11 is used to control the battery 10 to provide power to the motor 12 , for example, for starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1 to meet its power requirements.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as a driving power source of the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may include multiple battery cells.
  • a battery cell refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery module or battery pack. Multiple battery cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs. Among them, multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. Hybrid refers to a mixture of series and parallel.
  • multiple batteries The cells can directly form a battery pack, or they can first form a battery module 20, and then the battery module 20 can form a battery pack.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery includes a case 30 and a battery cell 100 , and the battery cell 100 is accommodated in the case.
  • the box 30 may be a single cuboid, a simple three-dimensional structure such as a cylinder or a sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of a combination of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, a cylinder or a sphere, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the material of the box body 30 can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, etc., or polymer materials such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the box is used to accommodate battery cells, and the box 30 can have various structures.
  • the box body may include a first box body part 301 and a second box body part 302, the first box body part 301 and the second box body part 302 cover each other, the first box body part 301 and the second box body part 302
  • the box portions 302 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating battery cells.
  • the second box part 302 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 301 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first box part 301 covers the open side of the second box part 302 to form a container with a receiving space. box.
  • Both the first box part 301 and the second box part 302 may also be hollow structures with one side open.
  • first box part 301 is covered with the open side of the second box part 302 to form a container.
  • Space box 30 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box part 301 and the second box part 302, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 301 can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 302 can also be called a lower box.
  • a battery there can be one or more battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together. Then, the whole composed of multiple battery cells is accommodated in the box 30; of course, multiple battery cells can also be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 20, and then the multiple battery modules 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. They are connected to form a whole and are accommodated in the box 30 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 there are multiple battery cells 100 , and the plurality of battery cells 100 are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 20 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 20 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 100 in the battery module 20 can be electrically connected through bus components to realize parallel, series or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells in the battery module 20 .
  • the battery cell 100 may include a lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell 100 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • Battery cells 100 are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. However, for the sake of simplicity of description, the following embodiments take cylindrical battery cells as examples.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a front view of a battery cell 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 5 .
  • Figure 7 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram at I in Figure 6 .
  • the battery cell 100 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery.
  • the battery cell 100 includes a case 110 and an electrode assembly 120 and an electrode current collector 130 located in the case 110 .
  • the housing 110 includes an end wall 111 and a side wall 112, which are enclosed to form an accommodation space; the electrode assembly 120 is located in the accommodation space, and the electrode assembly 120 includes an electrode body 121 and extends from the electrode body 121 toward the end wall 111
  • the first tab 122; the electrode current collector 130 is located between the first tab 122 and the end wall 111 and is used to connect the tab and the end wall 111.
  • the electrode current collector 130 includes a through hole 131 provided therethrough.
  • the case 110 is a component used to form an internal environment of the battery cell 100 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 120 , electrolyte (not shown in the figure), and other components.
  • the battery cell 100 may further include an end cap 150 covering the opening of the housing 110,
  • the housing 110 and the end cover 150 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 110.
  • the end cover 150 covers the opening at the opening to form an internal environment of the battery cell 100.
  • the end cover 150 and the housing 110 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 150 and the housing 110 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 110 When the end cap 150 is closed, the housing 110 is closed.
  • the housing 110 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 110 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 120 .
  • the housing 110 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 120 is a component in the battery cell 100 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes an electrode body 121 and tabs extending from the electrode body 121.
  • the electrode body 121 is formed by winding a positive electrode current collector, an insulating separator and a negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes a pole piece, which includes a positive electrode piece and a negative electrode piece.
  • the portion of the positive electrode piece that contains active material constitutes the positive electrode current collector, and the portion of the positive electrode piece that does not contain active material constitutes the positive electrode ear.
  • the part of the negative electrode sheet that contains active material constitutes the negative electrode current collector, and the part of the negative electrode sheet that does not contain active material constitutes the negative electrode ear.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the electrode body 121 or respectively located at both ends of the electrode body 121 .
  • the first pole tab 122 may be a positive pole tab or a negative pole tab. In this embodiment, the first pole tab 122 is a negative pole tab as an example.
  • the electrode current collector 130 is a component used to connect the first tab 122 and the end wall 111.
  • the electrode current collector 130 can increase the connection area with the end wall 111 to ensure the connection between the first tab 122, the electrode current collector 130 and the end wall 111. relative position stability.
  • the through hole 131 can be disposed at any suitable position on the electrode current collector 130 .
  • the shape of the through hole 131 may be a regular shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon, or the shape of the through hole 131 may also be an irregular shape.
  • the battery cell 100 includes a case 110, an electrode assembly 120 and an electrode current collector 130.
  • the electrode assembly 120 and the electrode current collector 130 are located in the case 110, so that the case 110 can move toward the electrode assembly 120. and electrode current collector 130 provide protection.
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes an electrode body 121 and a first tab 122, and the electrode current collector 130 is connected to The space between the first tab 122 and the end wall 111 of the housing 110 enables the housing 110 to be charged and not easily corroded. For example, when the first tab 122 is a negative tab, the housing 110 can be negatively charged, so that the housing 110 is not easily corroded.
  • the electrode current collector 130 is provided with a through hole 131.
  • the electrode current collector 130 includes a body portion 132 and a connection portion 133 .
  • the connection portion 133 is protrudingly formed relative to the body portion 132 toward the end wall 111 .
  • the electrode current collector 130 is connected to the end wall 111 through the connection portion 133 .
  • the body part 132 refers to a part of the electrode current collector 130 close to the first tab 122 , and the first tab 122 may be connected to the body part 132 .
  • the connection portion 133 refers to a portion of the electrode current collector 130 that protrudes toward the end wall 111 relative to the body portion 132 . At least part of the connection portion 133 can be connected to the end wall 111 .
  • the body portion 132 can be disposed on either side of the connecting portion 133 in the circumferential direction, or the body portion 132 can be disposed around the connecting portion 133 to improve the stability of the connection between the connecting portion 133 and the body portion 132 .
  • the connecting portion 133 on the electrode current collector 130 that protrudes from the body portion 132 by providing the connecting portion 133 on the electrode current collector 130 that protrudes from the body portion 132 , the assembly tolerance between the electrode assembly 120 and the housing 110 can be compensated, and by changing the connecting portion 133 protruding from the body portion
  • the height of 132 allows the electrode current collector 130 to be connected to the end wall 111 in various positions, so that the connecting portion 133 can relatively stably contact the end wall 111 to ensure the connection between the electrode current collector 130 and the end wall 111 stability.
  • the end wall 111 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 140, and the connecting portion 133 is connected to the pressure relief mechanism 140.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 140 is configured to relieve pressure when the air pressure or temperature within the housing 110 reaches a threshold value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 140 can be integrally formed on the end wall 111.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 140 can be an indentation provided on the end wall 111. The structural strength of the indentation is smaller than that of other locations. structural strength.
  • the end wall 111 is provided with a mounting hole, and the pressure relief mechanism 140 is installed in the mounting hole on the end wall 111 .
  • connecting the connecting portion 133 to the pressure relief mechanism 140 can reduce the distance between the electrode current collector 130 and the pressure relief mechanism 140 , thereby reducing the distance between the through hole 131 and the pressure relief mechanism 140 . Therefore, when the battery cell 100 undergoes thermal runaway, the hot gas or active material can flow relatively quickly through the through hole 131 to the pressure relief mechanism 140 and out of the case 110 , thereby better improving the thermal runaway problem of the battery cell 100 .
  • the connecting part 133 is connected to the pressure relief mechanism 140, so that the connection part 133 can apply force to the pressure relief mechanism 140, improve the deformation problem of the pressure relief mechanism 140, and further improve the problem of the pressure relief mechanism when the battery cell 100 thermally runs out of control. 140 The problem of slow flow of hot gas or active material caused by deformation.
  • the edge of the pressure relief mechanism 140 surrounds the peripheral side of the connecting portion 133 and is spaced apart from the connecting portion 133 .
  • the connecting part 133 is connected to the pressure relief mechanism 140.
  • the connecting part 133 is set close to the center of the pressure relief mechanism 140, so that the pressure relief mechanism 140 can bear less force. More balanced.
  • the connecting portion 133 can also be connected to other positions of the pressure relief mechanism 140 , as long as the connecting portion 133 and the edges of the pressure relief mechanism 140 are spaced apart.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 140 usually achieves the purpose of releasing hot gas or active substances by creating cracks through fractures at its edges.
  • the connection portion 133 and the edges of the pressure relief mechanism 140 are spaced apart, the connection portion can be improved.
  • the size of the pressure relief mechanism 140 can be increased, so that hot gas or active material can be discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 140 relatively quickly.
  • At least one through hole 131 is adjacent to the connecting portion 133 .
  • the fact that the through hole 131 is adjacent to the connecting portion 133 means that the edge of the connecting portion 133 serves as the boundary of the through hole 131 , and the edge of the connecting portion 133 and the through hole 131 are connected with each other.
  • At least one through hole 131 being adjacent to the connecting portion 133 can reduce the distance between the through hole 131 and the connecting portion 133 , thereby reducing the distance between the through hole 131 and the pressure relief mechanism 140 .
  • the hot gas or active material can flow relatively quickly through the through hole 131 to the pressure relief mechanism 140 and out of the case 110 to better improve the performance of the battery cell 100 . Thermal runaway problem of battery cell 100.
  • a plurality of through holes 131 are adjacent to the connecting portion 133 and are spaced apart around the connecting portion 133 .
  • the plurality of through holes 131 are distributed at intervals around the peripheral side of the connecting portion 133 , and the edge of the connecting portion 133 serves as the boundary of the plurality of through holes 131 .
  • providing multiple through holes 131 can increase the opening area on the electrode current collector 130, and can reduce the distance between the multiple through holes 131 and the connecting portion 133. The distance between the hole 131 and the pressure relief mechanism 140. When the battery cell 100 undergoes thermal runaway, hot gas or active material can flow to the pressure relief mechanism 140 through the through hole 131 more quickly and out of the case 110 , thereby better improving the thermal runaway problem of the battery cell 100 .
  • a plurality of through holes 131 surrounds the circumferential side of the connecting part 133.
  • a sector piece 134 is formed between two adjacent through holes 131 , and the sector piece 134 is protruding from the connecting portion 133 in a direction away from the end wall 111 .
  • the fan blades 134 are protrudingly disposed close to the end wall 111 along the third direction Z.
  • the number of the through holes 131 and the number of the sector blades 134 is three, as an example. In other embodiments, the number of through holes 131 and sectors 134 may be 2, 4, 5 or more.
  • the sector piece 134 refers to the portion of the electrode current collector 130 located between two adjacent through holes 131 , that is, the adjacent through holes 131 are spaced apart from each other by the sector piece 134 .
  • the fan blade 134 is connected between the main body part 132 and the connecting part 133 .
  • the fan blade 134 , the connecting part 133 and the main body part 132 may be integrally formed to improve the connection strength between the fan blade 134 and the main body part 132 and the connecting part 133 .
  • the connecting portion 133 can protrude toward the end wall 111 , reducing the distance between the connecting portion 133 and the end wall 111 , and making up for assembly tolerances. , and ensure the connection strength between the belt connection part 133 and the end wall 111.
  • the extending size of the fan blades 134 along the circumferential direction of the connecting part 133 gradually increases.
  • the extension size of the fan blades 134 along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 133 gradually increases.
  • the size of the fan blade 134 is relatively large, ensuring that the fan blade 134 has sufficient structural strength and ensuring the connection strength between the fan blade 134 and the body part 132 and the connecting part 133 .
  • d is the diameter of the connecting part 133
  • a is the thickness of the connecting part 133
  • n is the number of the sector blades 134
  • ⁇ is the radian of the arc where the connecting part 133 and the sector blades 134 are connected
  • S1 is 3mm 2 to 20mm. 2 .
  • the flow area S1 is equal to the length of the arc where the connecting part 133 and the fan blade 134 are connected multiplied by the thickness a of the connecting part 133.
  • the length of the arc where the connecting part 133 and the fan blade 134 are connected is ⁇ *d*(n* ⁇ )/2 ⁇ . Therefore, the flow area S1 satisfies the above relational expression.
  • the extending size of the through hole 131 along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 133 gradually increases in the direction away from the connecting portion 133 .
  • the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 133 refers to the direction surrounding the connecting portion 133 .
  • the portion of the through hole 131 close to the connecting portion 133 is smaller in size, which can ensure sufficient connection strength between the sector blade 134 and the connecting portion 133 .
  • the portion of the through hole 131 away from the connecting portion 133 is larger in size, which can increase the opening area of the through hole 131 and increase the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole 131 .
  • the shape of the through hole 131 is a part of a fan shape, and the through hole 131 has a
  • the first annular edge of the connecting portion 133 and the second annular edge on the side away from the connecting portion 133 may be arranged at equal intervals.
  • the through hole 131 may further include two side edges of a first annular edge and a second annular edge, and the side edges may be extended and shaped along a straight path.
  • the intersection point of the two side edge extension lines is the center of the circle where the first annular edge or the second annular edge is located.
  • the connecting part 133 is circular, and the diameter of the connecting part 133 is 3 mm to 10 mm.
  • the circular shape of the connecting part 133 means that the orthogonal projection of the connecting part 133 along the third direction Z is circular, and the diameter of the connecting part 133 is the diameter of the orthogonal projection of the connecting part 133 along the third direction Z.
  • the connecting portion 133 when the diameter of the connecting portion 133 is within the above range, it can not only improve the connection strength between the electrode current collector 130 and the end wall 111 caused by the too small connecting portion 133, but also improve the problem caused by the small connecting portion 133. If the connecting portion 133 is too large, it will affect the size of the through hole 131 and affect the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole 131 .
  • the total area S2 of the through hole 131 is 20 mm 2 to 300 mm 2 .
  • the total area S2 of the through hole 131 is the area of one through hole 131 .
  • the total area S2 of the through holes 131 is the sum of the areas of the multiple through holes 131 .
  • the area of the through hole 131 refers to the area of the orthogonal projection of the through hole 131 along the third direction.
  • the total area S2 of the through hole 131 when the total area S2 of the through hole 131 is within the above range, it can not only improve the speed of hot gas or active material passing through the through hole 131 due to the small through hole 131;
  • the hole 131 is too large and affects the structural strength of the electrode current collector 130 and the connection strength between the electrode current collector 130 and the end wall 111 .
  • the housing 110 also includes an opening opposite to the end wall 111 and an end cover 150 covering the opening.
  • the end cover 150 is provided with electrode terminals 151
  • the electrode assembly 120 also includes a second tab 123 extending from the electrode body 121 toward the end cap 150 .
  • the second tab 123 and the electrode terminal 151 are connected to each other.
  • the electrode assembly 120 may be inserted into the housing 110 through the opening of the housing 110 .
  • the second tab 123 is connected to the electrode terminal 151 on the end cover 150, so that the second tab 123 and the housing 110 are insulated from each other, and the first tab 122 is connected to the end wall 111 of the housing 110, which can improve the first electrode The short-circuit connection between the lug 122 and the second lug 123.
  • the battery cell 100 may further include an adapter component 160 , through which the second tab 123 and the electrode terminal 151 are connected to each other.
  • the electrode terminal 151 is installed on the end cover 150 through the insulator 170.
  • the electrode terminal 151 is provided with a liquid injection hole, and the liquid injection hole is provided with a liquid injection cap 180.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a battery, including the battery cell of any of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, including the battery of any of the above embodiments, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the powered device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that use batteries.
  • the battery cell 100 includes a case 110 , an electrode assembly 120 and an electrode current collector 130 located in the case 110 .
  • the housing 110 includes an end wall 111 and a side wall 112, which are enclosed to form an accommodation space; the electrode assembly 120 is located in the accommodation space, and the electrode assembly 120 includes an electrode body 121 and extends from the electrode body 121 toward the end wall 111
  • the first tab 122; the electrode current collector 130 is located between the first tab 122 and the end wall 111 and is used to connect the tab and the end wall 111.
  • the electrode current collector 130 includes a through hole 131 provided therethrough.
  • the first tab 122 is the negative tab.
  • the electrode current collector 130 includes a body part 132 and a connection part 133 .
  • the connection part 133 is protruded relative to the body part 132 toward the end wall 111 .
  • the electrode current collector 130 is connected to the end wall 111 through the connection part 133 .
  • the end wall 111 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 140, and the connecting portion 133 is connected to the pressure relief mechanism 140.
  • the connecting portion 133 is disposed close to the center of the pressure relief mechanism 140 .
  • the edge of the pressure relief mechanism 140 surrounds the peripheral side of the connecting portion 133 and is spaced apart from the connecting portion 133 .
  • the plurality of through holes 131 are adjacent to the connecting portion 133 and are provided at intervals around the connecting portion 133 .
  • a sector piece 134 is formed between two adjacent through holes 131 , and the sector piece 134 is protruded from the connecting portion 133 in a direction away from the end wall 111 .
  • the extension size of the fan blades 134 along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 133 gradually increases.
  • the extension size of the through hole 131 along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 133 gradually increases.
  • the connecting part 133 is circular, and the diameter of the connecting part 133 is 3 mm to 10 mm.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne un élément de batterie, une batterie et un dispositif électrique. L'élément de batterie comprend : un boîtier, qui comprend une paroi d'extrémité et une paroi latérale, la paroi d'extrémité et la paroi latérale délimitant un espace de réception ; un ensemble électrode, situé dans l'espace de réception et comprenant un corps d'électrode et une première languette s'étendant du corps d'électrode vers la paroi d'extrémité ; et un collecteur de courant d'électrode, situé entre la première languette et la paroi d'extrémité et utilisé pour connecter la languette et la paroi d'extrémité, le collecteur de courant d'électrode comprenant un trou traversant pénétrant à travers le collecteur de courant d'électrode. Dans la solution technique des modes de réalisation de la présente demande, le trou traversant est formé dans le collecteur de courant d'électrode, et lorsqu'un emballement thermique se produit en raison d'une augmentation de la température dans le processus d'utilisation de l'élément de batterie, de l'air chaud et des substances actives dans le boîtier peuvent être rapidement pulvérisés hors du boîtier par le trou traversant, de telle sorte que la température de l'élément de batterie peut être réduite rapidement, ce qui permet de réduire les dangers tels qu'une explosion provoquée par l'emballement thermique, améliorant ainsi les performances de sécurité de l'élément de batterie.
PCT/CN2023/105628 2022-07-04 2023-07-04 Élément de batterie, batterie et dispositif électrique WO2024008054A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202221692023.X 2022-07-04
CN202221692023.XU CN217281132U (zh) 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 电池单体、电池及用电装置

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WO2024008054A1 true WO2024008054A1 (fr) 2024-01-11

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN217281132U (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-08-23 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000311664A (ja) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 非水電解液電池
CN204966628U (zh) * 2015-05-26 2016-01-13 新乡市超力新能源有限公司 一种锌镍纽扣式电池
CN216085200U (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-03-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN216213942U (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-04-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN217281132U (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-08-23 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000311664A (ja) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 非水電解液電池
CN204966628U (zh) * 2015-05-26 2016-01-13 新乡市超力新能源有限公司 一种锌镍纽扣式电池
CN216085200U (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-03-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN216213942U (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-04-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN217281132U (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-08-23 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

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