WO2024007559A1 - 一种智慧农业控制系统 - Google Patents

一种智慧农业控制系统 Download PDF

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WO2024007559A1
WO2024007559A1 PCT/CN2022/143898 CN2022143898W WO2024007559A1 WO 2024007559 A1 WO2024007559 A1 WO 2024007559A1 CN 2022143898 W CN2022143898 W CN 2022143898W WO 2024007559 A1 WO2024007559 A1 WO 2024007559A1
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Prior art keywords
equipment
sensor
environmental information
module
lora
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PCT/CN2022/143898
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡耀辉
刘雷
高晓东
赵西宁
吴普特
宋小林
李昌见
陈文旭
宁少雄
余娟
杨明飞
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西北农林科技大学
陕西飞沃农林科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024007559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007559A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of smart agricultural application technology, and specifically relates to a smart agricultural control system.
  • the agricultural Internet of Things can be divided into three layers: perception layer, transmission layer and application layer.
  • the perception layer uses various sensors to collect various information about the agricultural environment, animals, plants, etc.
  • the transport layer is the backbone of the entire Internet of Things, mainly transmitting various types of information collected by the perception layer to the application layer.
  • the application layer can be oriented to end users to build different operating platforms according to the different needs of users. Various related applications can be realized through different operating platforms.
  • wireless sensor networks are mostly used in the transmission layer.
  • agricultural sensors need to be used to collect and upload parameters such as light, temperature and humidity, and PH value.
  • the data will be collected and uploaded by farmland managers.
  • the real-time requirements for data transmission are low, but the requirements for the effectiveness and accuracy of data transmission are high.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart agricultural control system to address the problems existing in the existing technology, so as to achieve remote control through high-reliability data transmission and have better practicability.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a smart agricultural control system.
  • the system includes a server, a LoRa gateway, at least one data collection device and at least one agricultural machinery equipment; the server and the LoRa gateway Communication connection, the LoRa gateway is wirelessly connected to the at least one data collection device and the at least one agricultural machinery equipment through LoRa networking:
  • the at least one data collection device is used to collect environmental information in the target farmland area and transmit the environmental information to the LoRa gateway;
  • the LoRa gateway is configured to receive and summarize the environmental information transmitted by the at least one data collection device, and transmit the summarized total environmental information to the server; and receive the environmental information transmitted by the server for analyzing the at least one data collection device.
  • Agricultural machinery and equipment carry out control instructions for operation control, and send the control instructions to the at least one agricultural machinery and equipment;
  • the server is configured to obtain the total environment information summarized by the LoRa gateway, and determine control instructions for operating operation control of the at least one agricultural machinery and equipment based on the total environment information;
  • the at least one agricultural machinery equipment is used to receive control instructions sent by the LoRa gateway and perform operations on the target farmland area according to the control instructions.
  • the target farmland area includes multiple farmland sub-areas; each farmland sub-area corresponds to one or more data collection devices and corresponds to one or more agricultural machinery and equipment;
  • the LoRa gateway is specifically used to summarize the environmental information of one or more corresponding data collection devices for each of the farmland sub-areas to obtain the total environmental information corresponding to the farmland sub-area; and/or, for Each data collection device summarizes the environmental information of the farmland sub-region corresponding to the data collection device to obtain the total environmental information corresponding to the data collection device.
  • system further includes a display, and the display is communicatively connected to the server;
  • the display is used to display the total environmental information and the operating status of the agricultural machinery and equipment.
  • the data collection device includes one or more of a weather sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a conductivity sensor, a pH sensor, and an image sensor;
  • the meteorological sensor is used to collect climate data in the target farmland area
  • the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature data of the soil in the target farmland area
  • the humidity sensor is used to collect soil moisture data in the target farmland area
  • the conductivity sensor is used to collect soil conductivity data in the target farmland area
  • the pH value sensor is used to collect pH data of the soil in the target farmland area
  • the image sensor is used to collect video image data in the target farmland area.
  • the system also includes a microprocessor, which is connected to one of the weather sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the conductivity sensor, the PH value sensor, and the image sensor. or multiple sensor communication connections;
  • the microprocessor is used to control the operation of each sensor and obtain the data collected by each sensor.
  • the system further includes a flow meter, the flow meter is installed in the agricultural machinery and equipment, and the flow meter is connected to the microprocessor;
  • the flow meter is used to monitor the operating flow of the agricultural machinery and equipment, and transmit the operating flow to the microprocessor at preset time intervals.
  • the system further includes a GPS module, and the GPS module is connected to the microprocessor;
  • the GPS module is used to obtain the location information of each sensor and transmit the location information to the microprocessor.
  • the system further includes a power module, the power module is communicatively connected to the microprocessor, and the power module includes a solar power source and a backup power source;
  • the power module is used to provide power to each sensor through the microprocessor.
  • the system further includes a LoRa communication module, the LoRa communication module is communicatively connected to the microprocessor, and the LoRa communication module is wirelessly connected to the LoRa gateway;
  • the LoRa communication module is used to receive data collected by various sensors obtained by the microprocessor, and transmit the collected data to the LoRa gateway.
  • the server has a built-in decision-making module
  • the decision-making module is configured to generate a control instruction for controlling the operation of the corresponding agricultural machinery and equipment when it is determined that the total environmental information does not meet the preset soil, water and fertilizer conditions, and control the operation of the corresponding agricultural machinery and equipment according to the control instruction.
  • the decision-making module is also used to preset soil water and fertilizer conditions for each farmland sub-region based on the water and fertilizer demand characteristics of different crops in each farmland sub-region; and determine the conditions of a farmland sub-region.
  • a control instruction for controlling operations on the farmland sub-region is generated.
  • the LoRa gateway includes: a gateway main control and a gateway LoRa module, relay, storage module, 4G module, and WIFI module connected to the gateway main control; the gateway LoRa module The group is connected to the data collection equipment through wireless communication; the relay is electrically connected to the agricultural machinery and equipment; the storage module is used to temporarily store the environmental information obtained by the data collection equipment; the 4G module, the WIFI The modules are wirelessly connected to the server respectively.
  • the server, LoRa gateway, at least one data collection device and at least one agricultural machinery and equipment cooperate with each other to integrate environmental data collection, data summary and transmission, and then equipment control based on environmental data.
  • the process is carried out in an orderly manner. It realizes wireless transmission of environmental data through LoRa networking.
  • the transmission distance is long and the transmission reliability is high. It can not only remotely monitor the growth of crops in the target farmland area, but also through related control
  • the mechanism remotely controls the growth environment of crops, thereby providing users with better smart agricultural services.
  • the present invention can also set up data collection equipment and agricultural machinery in a distributed manner according to different planting areas (corresponding to farmland sub-areas) in the target farmland area, and can independently adjust the planting of each planting area according to the irrigation needs of different crops.
  • Environment such as soil temperature and humidity, soil PH value, soil fertility, etc.
  • the server in the present invention has a built-in decision-making module.
  • the built-in decision-making module of the server is used.
  • the decision-making module can control the opening and closing of the solenoid valves of the agricultural machinery and equipment in the corresponding irrigation zone to adjust the soil water and fertilizer conditions of the zone.
  • the soil water and fertilizer conditions of each zone can also be preset according to the water and fertilizer demand characteristics of different crops in each zone (corresponding to The opening and closing threshold of the irrigation solenoid valve in each zone).
  • the decision-making module controls the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valve, thereby realizing zone control and being more practical. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a smart agricultural control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the data collection device in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a LoRa gateway in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • A/B can mean A or B;
  • and/or in this article is just an association relationship describing related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
  • first”, “second”, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined by “first,” “second,” etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
  • the present invention provides a smart agricultural control system to realize wireless transmission of environmental data collection through LoRa networking, with long transmission distance and reliable transmission. It has high reliability and can not only remotely monitor the growth of crops in the target farmland area, but also remotely regulate the growth environment of crops through relevant control mechanisms, thereby providing users with better smart agricultural services.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic architectural diagram of a smart agricultural control system provided in this embodiment.
  • the system includes: a server, a LoRa gateway, at least one data collection device (n data collection devices as shown in the figure) and at least An agricultural machinery and equipment (m agricultural machinery and equipment as shown in the figure); the server is communicatively connected to the LoRa gateway, and the LoRa gateway communicates with the at least one data collection device and the LoRa gateway respectively through LoRa networking.
  • At least one agricultural machinery equipment wireless communication connection :
  • the at least one data collection device is used to collect environmental information in the target farmland area and transmit the environmental information to the LoRa gateway;
  • the LoRa gateway is configured to receive and summarize the environmental information transmitted by the at least one data collection device, and transmit the summarized total environmental information to the server; and receive the environmental information transmitted by the server for analyzing the at least one data collection device.
  • Agricultural machinery and equipment carry out control instructions for operation control, and send the control instructions to the at least one agricultural machinery and equipment;
  • the server is configured to obtain the total environment information summarized by the LoRa gateway, and determine control instructions for operating operation control of the at least one agricultural machinery and equipment based on the total environment information;
  • the at least one agricultural machinery equipment is used to receive control instructions sent by the LoRa gateway and perform operations on the target farmland area according to the control instructions.
  • the smart agricultural control system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, through the mutual cooperation between the server, LoRa gateway, data collection equipment and agricultural machinery and equipment, from environmental data collection to environmental data summary, to environmental data analysis and control instruction generation, the entire The process is integrated.
  • LoRa gateway is used to implement LoRa networking to achieve long-distance data transmission. It can not only remotely monitor the growth of crops in the target farmland area, but also use relevant The control mechanism remotely regulates the growing environment of crops, significantly improving the quality of smart agricultural services.
  • the data collection equipment in the embodiment of the present invention can be various collection equipment for monitoring environmental information in the target farmland area.
  • it can include meteorological sensors for collecting climate data in the target farmland area.
  • a temperature sensor for collecting soil temperature data in the target farmland area a humidity sensor for collecting soil moisture data in the target farmland area
  • a conductivity sensor for collecting soil conductivity data in the target farmland area a conductivity sensor for collecting soil conductivity data in the target farmland area.
  • Various sensors including pH value sensors for soil pH data in the area, image sensors used to collect video image data in the target farmland area, and other various collection equipment that can monitor the farmland environment, will not be detailed here. limits.
  • the above various sensors can be combined to deploy data collection equipment.
  • the number of various sensors can be determined according to different application requirements, and there are no specific restrictions here.
  • the target farmland area here can be the farmland area to be controlled.
  • the area of the farmland area should not be too large or too small. In practical applications, it can be determined based on the coverage of the LoRa gateway.
  • the farmland area can be partitioned, and different partitions correspond to different crops.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also partition the target farmland area based on other partitioning methods. For example, a farmland area of 100 square meters can be divided into one partition (corresponding to one farmland sub-region) every ten square meters. .
  • a sensor can also monitor crops in one or more zones, and there are no specific restrictions here.
  • the corresponding environmental information can be transmitted to the LoRa gateway for summary by the LoRa gateway.
  • the environmental information summary operation of the LoRa gateway can be a summary of environmental information for each farmland sub-area, a summary of environmental information for each sensor, or other forms of summary, for example, the same
  • the sensor data generated over time are summarized and will not be described in detail here.
  • LoRa networking is used to collect environmental information here is mainly because the LoRa network has excellent characteristics such as long transmission distance, low operating power consumption, many networking nodes, strong anti-interference, and low cost, which is very important for remote servers. It is very suitable for analyzing environmental information and generating control instructions, which can be better suitable for smart agriculture applications.
  • control instructions can be sent to the agricultural machinery and equipment through the LoRa gateway again, and then the corresponding equipment operation can be performed.
  • the relevant control instructions are generated based on the total environmental information summarized by the LoRa gateway.
  • the control instructions here can be for the entire target farmland area, or for each farmland sub-area within the target farmland area. , that is, the embodiment of the present invention can not only operate the entire farmland area, but also perform partitioned operations to achieve adaptive operations for different crops.
  • the agricultural machinery and equipment here can be various types of machinery and equipment including soil tillage machinery, planting and fertilization machinery, plant protection machinery, farmland drainage and irrigation machinery, crop harvest machinery, agricultural product processing machinery, animal husbandry machinery, etc.
  • irrigation equipment As an example. That is, when it is determined that the farmland area or partition needs to be irrigated, the relevant irrigation equipment can be controlled to go to the corresponding farmland area or partition for irrigation. To automatically control the growth environment of crops in the area.
  • the data collection device in the embodiment of the present invention may be one or multiple, and different farmland sub-regions may correspond to different data collection devices.
  • one farmland sub-region corresponds to one data collection device.
  • different farmland sub-areas can use the same or multiple types of sensors to monitor relevant environmental information, and there are no specific restrictions here.
  • the number of agricultural machinery and equipment in the embodiment of the present invention may be one or multiple, and different farmland sub-regions may correspond to different agricultural machinery and equipment.
  • one farmland sub-region corresponds to one agricultural machinery and equipment.
  • different farmland sub-areas can use the same agricultural machinery and equipment for operations.
  • the operation equipment is mainly determined based on the operation requirements, and can also be selected based on the distance of the operation equipment from the operation area.
  • the LoRa gateway can, on the one hand, summarize the environmental information of one or more corresponding data collection devices for each farmland sub-area to obtain the total environmental information corresponding to the farmland sub-area, for example , the environmental information collected by various types of sensors can be aligned according to time stamps, and after alignment, the summarized sensor data (that is, the total environmental information corresponding to a farmland sub-area) can be obtained; on the other hand, each data can be A collection device that summarizes the environmental information of the farmland sub-regions collected by the data collection device to obtain the total environmental information corresponding to the data collection device. For example, when one data collection device corresponds to multiple farmland sub-regions, The environmental information corresponding to each farmland sub-region can be determined as the total environmental information.
  • each data collection device may include one or more of a weather sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a conductivity sensor, a pH sensor, and an image sensor. That is, the data collection device here may It is a related device that combines multiple sensors.
  • meteorological sensors can collect climate data in the target farmland area.
  • the climate data includes but is not limited to minimum, average and maximum temperatures, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, water vapor pressure and total precipitation. These data are important for some The growth environment of crops has a significant impact; the temperature sensor can collect the temperature data of the soil in the target farmland area, and the humidity sensor can collect the humidity data of the soil in the target farmland area.
  • the conductivity sensor collects the conductivity data of the soil in the target farmland area, which can indirectly reflect the soil fertility;
  • the pH value sensor collects the PH data of the soil in the target farmland area, which is mainly due to the fact that different crops like different characteristics.
  • Soil for example, ginkgo prefers acidic soil, while pear trees prefer alkaline soil; image sensors are used to collect video image data in target farmland areas so that farmland managers can remotely view the growth of crops.
  • the smart agricultural control system may also include a display.
  • the display is communicatively connected to the server and can display the target farmland area including each farmland sub-area. environmental information.
  • the display here can also display the operating status of various agricultural machinery and equipment.
  • the above-mentioned environmental information and operating status information can also be sent to the user's mobile phone through text messages, so that the user can observe anytime and anywhere, understand the farmland conditions in a timely manner, and be able to respond to abnormal situations Next, intervene in a timely manner.
  • the intelligent agricultural control system may also include a microprocessor, which is communicatively connected with the various sensors mentioned above, and is used to control the operation of each sensor and obtain each sensor.
  • the data collected by the sensor For example, here you can control the opening and closing of the temperature sensor, and obtain temperature data during the process of turning on the temperature sensor.
  • the microprocessor here can be set up separately, or it can be integrated with the above-mentioned sensors on the data collection device, as shown in Figure 2, which can transmit the acquired sensor data to the LoRa gateway in a timely manner , and adopts data acquisition equipment with more integrated chips, which is more practical.
  • the microprocessor in order to better monitor the operating flow of agricultural machinery and equipment, the microprocessor here can also be connected to a flow meter.
  • the flow meter is installed in the agricultural machinery and equipment to transmit the monitored operating flow to the microprocessor. device. Based on the operation flow, the operation status of the operator can be accurately determined. To a certain extent, the greater the operation flow, the more labor the operator has to pay. On the contrary, the smaller the operation flow is, the less labor the operator has to pay. Using operations The flow data is very useful for managing workers.
  • the data collection equipment here can also be equipped with a Global Positioning System (GPS) module.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the GPS module can acquire various sensors.
  • the microprocessor can bind the location information with the environmental information, and then clarify the environmental information of the corresponding area.
  • the microprocessor can also be connected to a power module.
  • the power module includes a solar power supply and a backup power supply.
  • the solar power supply can charge the backup power supply and can also directly supply power to various sensors included in the data acquisition equipment; when When the solar energy function is insufficient, each sensor is powered by a backup power supply.
  • the data collection equipment here can also be equipped with a LoRa communication module.
  • the LoRa communication module is communicatively connected to the microprocessor, and the LoRa communication module is connected to the LoRa communication module. Gateway wireless communication connection, so that when the LoRa communication module receives sensor data, it can
  • the microprocessor in the embodiment of the present invention can use the STM32L431CBT6 model, which can more conveniently and quickly read data collected by various sensors such as weather sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, conductivity sensors, and pH sensors.
  • LoRa here is a wireless communication technology with low power consumption, easy deployment, high sensitivity and high anti-interference ability. It uses advanced spread spectrum modulation technology and codec scheme to increase the link budget and is suitable for applications requiring low power consumption. , anti-interference ability of the agricultural Internet of Things network environment.
  • the LoRa communication module here can choose the half-duplex transceiver SX1268, whose coverage range is 15 kilometers (km) in the suburbs and 15 kilometers (km) in the urban area. The coverage distance range is 3-5km.
  • the transmit power of the LoRa communication module here can be 22dBm, and the center frequency of wireless transmission is 472.3MHz.
  • the server has a built-in decision-making module.
  • the decision-making module built into the server can be used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valves included in agricultural machinery and equipment to adjust soil water and fertilizer conditions. For example, when the soil moisture is too low, soil irrigation can be used to increase the humidity.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also preset the soil water and fertilizer conditions of each zone in advance according to the water and fertilizer demand characteristics of different crops in each zone (corresponding to the opening and closing thresholds of the irrigation solenoid valves in each zone).
  • the decision-making module controls the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valve, thereby realizing zone management and having higher practicability.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a LoRa gateway provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the LoRa gateway includes: a gateway main control and a gateway LoRa module, a relay, a storage module, a 4G module, and a WIFI module connected to the gateway main control;
  • the gateway LoRa module is wirelessly connected to the data collection device and can
  • the LoRa communication module set on the data collection equipment is paired to receive the environmental data collected by the data collection equipment and transmit it to the gateway main control;
  • the relay is connected to the agricultural machinery and equipment to directly control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the agricultural machinery and equipment.
  • irrigation can be stopped after receiving a message from the server to close the solenoid valve of the irrigation equipment;
  • the storage module is used to temporarily store the environmental information obtained by the data collection equipment;
  • the fourth generation mobile communication (the 4th Generation) Mobile Communication (4G) module and Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI) module are wirelessly connected to the server respectively, and can wirelessly transmit the acquired environmental data of the data collection device or the control instructions generated by the server to the corresponding device.
  • 4G 4th Generation
  • WIFI Wireless Fidelity
  • climate data, soil temperature data, soil moisture data, soil conductivity data and PH data of farmland can be collected periodically through meteorological sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, conductivity sensors, pH sensors and other sensors; these sensors collect Environmental information is transmitted to the LoRa gateway through the LoRa communication module.
  • the built-in memory of the LoRa gateway can temporarily store the collected soil information to prevent data loss caused by network failure; the LoRa gateway uploads the summarized data to the server, and the server analyzes the data. Determine whether the collected environmental information reaches the preset solenoid valve opening threshold.
  • the server's built-in decision-making module will control the opening of the solenoid valve corresponding to fertilization in the zone.
  • the amount of fertilization is flexibly set according to the monitored soil fertility; if the humidity sensor detects that the soil moisture in a certain zone is not up to standard, the decision-making module controls the opening of the solenoid valve corresponding to irrigation in the zone, and the irrigation amount is flexibly set according to the monitored soil moisture. ;
  • the climate data monitored by the weather sensor is used as an auxiliary condition to determine whether to open the irrigation solenoid valve. When it is detected that it is raining or is about to rain, even if the soil moisture does not meet the standard, the irrigation solenoid valve will not be controlled to open to avoid excessive irrigation. .
  • control instructions made by the decision-making module are sent to agricultural machinery and equipment through the LoRa gateway, and the flow data of agricultural machinery and equipment are monitored in real time.
  • the irrigation volume reaches the standard, the agricultural machinery and equipment are controlled to stop running; farmland managers can use smart Terminals (such as mobile phones, computers, etc.) can remotely view the crop growth conditions and the operating status of agricultural machinery and equipment in various areas of farmland, and can also manually control the operating status of agricultural machinery and equipment in each area.
  • embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products.
  • the invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
  • the invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种智慧农业控制系统，该系统包括：数据采集设备，用于采集目标农田区域内的环境信息，并将环境信息传输至LoRa网关；LoRa网关，用于接收并汇总至少一个数据采集设备传输的环境信息，并将汇总得到的总环境信息传输至服务器；以及接收服务器传输的用于对至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令，并向至少一个农业机械设备发送控制指令；服务器，用于获取LoRa网关汇总得到的总环境信息，并根据总环境信息，确定控制指令；农业机械设备，用于接收LoRa网关发送的控制指令，并根据控制指令对目标农田区域进行作业。本发明通过LoRa组网的方式实现采集数据的无线传输，传输距离远且传输可靠性较高，这有利于后续远程监控并调控农作物的生长环境。

Description

一种智慧农业控制系统 技术领域
本发明属于智慧农业应用技术领域，具体涉及一种智慧农业控制系统。
背景技术
随着物联网、人工智能等新兴技术在农业生产中的应用，农业生产面貌正在发生变化。农业物联网的内涵是在新兴技术的应用下，使农业生产便于智能化管理，科学化决策，数字化显示，实现增加农作物产量，优化农产品质量的目标。
其中，农业物联网可以分为三层：感知层、传输层、应用层。感知层是利用各种传感器来采集农业环境、动物、植物等各类信息。传输层是整个物联网的中枢，主要是将感知层采集的各类信息传递给应用层。应用层作为农业物联网体系结构的最高层，可以面向终端用户以根据用户的不同需求搭建不同的操作平台，通过不同的操作平台可以实现各种相关应用。
目前在传输层用的比较多的是无线传感器网络，在农业领域，对于农业大田大范围种植，需要利用农业传感器对光照、温湿度、PH值等参数进行采集上传，由农田的管理人员对数据进行分析，帮助合理制定现阶段作物管理方案，从而避免经验式的作物施肥、灌溉等。在这种应用模式下，对数据传输的实时性要求较低，但对数据传输的有效性、准确性要求较高，同时需要保证大量传感器节点的采集数据的有效传输，一旦传输错误或缺失，就会造成后续采集的数据与系统预设农作物的生长数据比对错误，进而形成误判，造成农作物的错 误施肥和灌溉，最终影响农作物生长。因此，保证大量传感器节点数据传输的可靠性就显得尤为重要。
然而，目前采用的数据上传方式无法满足数据传输可靠性的需求，这直接导致后续的作业工序无法很好的实施。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的问题，提供一种智慧农业控制系统，以通过高可靠性的数据传输实现远程的调控，实用性更佳。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是提供了一种智慧农业控制系统，所述系统包括服务器、LoRa网关、至少一个数据采集设备及至少一个农业机械设备；所述服务器与所述LoRa网关通信连接，所述LoRa网关通过LoRa组网的方式分别与所述至少一个数据采集设备和所述至少一个农业机械设备无线通信连接：
所述至少一个数据采集设备，用于采集目标农田区域内的环境信息，并将所述环境信息传输至所述LoRa网关；
所述LoRa网关，用于接收并汇总所述至少一个数据采集设备传输的环境信息，并将汇总得到的总环境信息传输至所述服务器；以及接收所述服务器传输的用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令，并向所述至少一个农业机械设备发送所述控制指令；
所述服务器，用于获取所述LoRa网关汇总得到的总环境信息，并根据所述总环境信息，确定用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令；
所述至少一个农业机械设备，用于接收所述LoRa网关发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令对所述目标农田区域进行作业。
所在一种可能的实施方式中，所述目标农田区域包括多个农田子区域；每个农田子区域对应一个或多个数据采集设备，且对应一个或多个农业机械设备；
所述LoRa网关，具体用于针对每个所述农田子区域，将对应的一个或多个数据采集设备的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述农田子区域对应的总环境信息；和/或，针对每个数据采集设备，将所述数据采集设备对应采集的农田子区域的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述数据采集设备对应的总环境信息。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述系统还包括显示器，所述显示器与所述服务器通信连接；
所述显示器，用于显示所述总环境信息以及所述农业机械设备的运行状态。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述数据采集设备包括气象传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、电导率传感器、PH值传感器、图像传感器中的一种或多种；
所述气象传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内的气候数据；
所述温度传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的温度数据；
所述湿度传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的湿度数据；
所述电导率传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤电导率数据；
所述PH值传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的PH数据；
所述图像传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内的视频图像数据。
所述系统还包括微处理器，所述微处理器与所述气象传感器、所述温度传感器、所述湿度传感器、所述电导率传感器、所述PH值传感器、所述图像传感器中的一种或多种传感器通信连接；
所述微处理器，用于控制各个传感器的运行，并获取每个所述传感器采集的数据。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述系统还包括流量计，所述流量计安装在农业机械设备内，且所述流量计与微处理器连接；
所述流量计，用于监测所述农业机械设备的作业流量，并将所述作业流量按照预设时间间隔传输至所述微处理器。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述系统还包括GPS模块，所述GPS模块与所述微处理器连接；
所述GPS模块，用于获取各个传感器所在的位置信息，并将所述位置信息传输至所述微处理器。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述系统还包括电源模块，所述电源模块与所述微处理器通信连接，且所述电源模块包括太阳能电源和备用电源；
所述电源模块，用于通过所述微处理器为所述各个传感器提供电源。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述系统还包括LoRa通信模块，所述LoRa通信模块与所述微处理器通信连接，且LoRa通信模块与LoRa网关无线通信连接；
所述LoRa通信模块，用于接收所述微处理器获取的各种传感器采集的数据，并将所所述采集的数据传输给所述LoRa网关。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述服务器内置决策模块；
所述决策模块，用于在判断出所述总环境信息不符合预设的土壤水肥条件的情况下，生成用于控制对应农业机械设备进行作业的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令控制所述农业机械设备所包括电磁阀的开闭。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述决策模块，还用于根据各个农田子区域对应不同作物的水肥需求特性，针对各个农田子区域预设土壤水肥条件；以及在判断出一个农田子区域的总环境信息不符合所述农田子区域预设的土壤水肥条件的情况下，生成用于控制对所述农田子区域进行作业的控制指令。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述LoRa网关包括：网关主控以及与所述网关主控连接的网关LoRa模组、继电器、存储模块、4G模组、WIFI模组；所述网关LoRa模组与所述数据采集设备无线通信连接；所述继电器与所述农业机械设备电连接；所述存储模块用于暂存所述数据采集设备获取的环境信息；所述4G模组、所述WIFI模组分别与所述服务器无线通信连接。
采用本发明提供的智慧农业控制系统，服务器、LoRa网关、至少一个数据采集设备及至少一个农业机械设备之间相互配合，使得环境数据采集到数据汇总传输，再到基于环境数据的设备控制的一体式流程有序进行，其通过LoRa组网的方式实现采集环境数据的无线传输，传输距离远且传输可靠性较高，不仅可以远程监控目标农田区域内作物的生长情况，还可以通过相关的控制机制远程调控作物的生长环境，从而为用户提供更好的智慧农业服务。
更进一步地，本发明还可以根据目标农田区域内的不同种植区域(对应农田子区域)分布式设置数据采集设备与农业机械设备，并可以根据不同作物的灌溉 需求来独立调节各个种植区域的种植环境(如土壤温湿度、土壤PH值、土壤肥力情况等)，从而适应不同作物的生长。
更进一步地，本发明中的服务器内置有决策模块，这样，在数据采集设备获取的环境信息超标(如土壤湿度过低、土壤PH值异常土壤电导率数据异常等)的情况下，通过服务器内置的决策模块可以控制相应灌溉分区的农业机械设备的电磁阀开闭来调节该分区的土壤水肥条件，此前还可以根据各分区不同作物的水肥需求特性，分别预设各分区的土壤水肥条件(对应各分区灌溉电磁阀的开闭阈值)，当检测到某分区的环境信息超过该分区灌溉电磁阀的开闭阈值时，决策模块控制对应的电磁阀开闭，从而实现分区调控，更具实用性。
本发明的其他优点将配合以下的说明和附图进行更详细的解说。
应当理解，上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，以便能够更清楚地了解本发明的技术手段，从而可依照说明书的内容予以实施。为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举例说明本发明的具体实施方式。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例智慧农业控制系统的架构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例中数据采集设备的结构示意框图。
图3为本发明实施例中LoRa网关的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明中的附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基 于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动条件下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明实施方式的描述中，应理解，诸如“包括”或“具有”等术语旨在指示本说明书中所发明的特征、数字、步骤、行为、部件、部分或其组合的存在，并且不旨在排除一个或多个其他特征、数字、步骤、行为、部件、部分或其组合存在的可能性。
除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
术语“第一”“、第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”“、第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个这一特征。在本发明实施方式的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
经研究发现，相关技术中，采用直接将农业传感器对光照、温湿度、PH值等参数进行采集上传，由农田的管理人员对数据进行分析的方式实现智慧农业的相关应用，大量传感器节点盘综复杂而导致直传方式无法满足数据传输可靠性的需求，这使得后续的作业工序无法很好的实施。
为了至少部分地解决上述问题以及其他潜在问题中的一个或者多个，本发明提供了一种智慧农业控制系统，以通过LoRa组网的方式实现采集环境数据的无线传输，传输距离远且传输可靠性较高，不仅可以远程监控目标农田区域内作物的生长情况，还可以通过相关的控制机制远程调控作物的生长环境，从而 为用户提供更好的智慧农业服务。
如图1所示，为本实施例提供的一种智慧农业控制系统的架构示意图，该系统包括：服务器、LoRa网关、至少一个数据采集设备(如图所示的n个数据采集设备)及至少一个农业机械设备(如图所示的m个农业机械设备)；所述服务器与所述LoRa网关通信连接，所述LoRa网关通过LoRa组网的方式分别与所述至少一个数据采集设备和所述至少一个农业机械设备无线通信连接：
所述至少一个数据采集设备，用于采集目标农田区域内的环境信息，并将所述环境信息传输至所述LoRa网关；
所述LoRa网关，用于接收并汇总所述至少一个数据采集设备传输的环境信息，并将汇总得到的总环境信息传输至所述服务器；以及接收所述服务器传输的用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令，并向所述至少一个农业机械设备发送所述控制指令；
所述服务器，用于获取所述LoRa网关汇总得到的总环境信息，并根据所述总环境信息，确定用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令；
所述至少一个农业机械设备，用于接收所述LoRa网关发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令对所述目标农田区域进行作业。
本发明实施例提供的智慧农业控制系统，通过服务器、LoRa网关、数据采集设备以及农业机械设备之间的相互配合，从环境数据采集到环境数据汇总，再到环境数据分析以及控制指令生成，整个流程一体化进行，与此同时，这里针对数据采集设备而言，利用LoRa网关实现LoRa组网以实现远距离的数据传输，不仅可以远程监控目标农田区域内作物的生长情况，还可以通过相关的控 制机制远程调控作物的生长环境，显著提升了智慧农业服务质量。
其中，本发明实施例中的数据采集设备可以是对目标农田区域内的环境信息进行监测的各种采集设备，例如，这里可以是包括用于采集目标农田区域内的气候数据的气象传感器、用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的温度数据的温度传感器、用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的湿度数据的湿度传感器、用于采集目标农田区域内土壤电导率数据的电导率传感器、用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的PH数据的PH值传感器、用于采集目标农田区域内的视频图像数据的图像传感器在内的各种传感器，还可以是其它能够监测农田环境的各种采集设备，这里不做具体的限制。本发明实施例中可以联合上述各种传感器进行数据采集设备的部署，除此之外，有关各种传感器的个数等可以按照不同的应用需求来确定，这里也不做具体的限制。
这里的目标农田区域可以是待布控的农田区域，该农田区域的面积不宜过大，也不宜过小，在实际应用中，可以结合LoRa网关的覆盖范围来确定。除此之外，考虑到在一片较大的农田区域内往往种植有不同的农作物，为了实现针对不同农作物的有效管理，本发明实施例中可以对农田区域进行分区，不同分区对应不同的农作物，除此之外，本发明实施例还可以基于其他的分区方式对目标农田区域进行分区，例如，可以将一百平方米的农田区域按照每十平方米划分为一个分区(对应一个农田子区域)。
针对不同的分区可以设置有不用类型、不同个数的传感器，这里可以依照不同的农作物情况来确定，不做具体的限制。除此之外，一个传感器还可以监测一个或多个分区内的农作物，这里也不做具体的限制。
不管哪种类型的传感器，在采集到有关区域或分区内的环境信息的情况下，可以将对应的环境信息传输到LoRa网关，以便LoRa网关进行汇总。
其中，有关LoRa网关的环境信息汇总操作，可以是针对每个农田子区域进行环境信息的汇总，还可以是针对每个传感器进行环境信息的汇总，还可以是其它形式的汇总，例如可以将同一时间产生的传感器数据进行汇总，这里不做具体的赘述。
这里之所以采用LoRa组网的方式汇集环境信息，主要是考虑到LoRa网络具有传输距离远、工作功耗低、组网节点多、抗干扰性强、低成本等优良特性，这对于远端服务器而言，非常适用于进行环境信息的分析以及控制指令的生成，从而可以更好地适用于智慧农业应用中。
在服务器确定对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令的情况下，可以再次通过LoRa网关将控制指令下发至农业机械设备，继而进行响应的设备作业。
本发明实施例中，有关控制指令是基于LoRa网关汇总得到的总环境信息来生成的，这里的控制指令可以是针对整个目标农田区域的，还可以是针对目标农田区域内的各个农田子区域的，也即，本发明实施例不仅可以对整个农田区域进行作业，还可以进行分区作业，以实现针对不同农作物的自适应作业。
其中，这里的农业机械设备可以是包括土壤耕作机械、种植和施肥机械、植物保护机械、农田排灌机械、作物收获机械、农产品加工机械、畜牧业机械等在内的各种机械设备，考虑到灌溉操作的广泛应用，接下来可以以灌溉设备为例进行具体说明，也即，在确定需要对农田区域或分区进行灌溉的情况下， 可以控制相关的灌溉设备前往对应的农田区域或分区进行灌溉，以自动化调控区域内农作物的生长环境。
在实际应用中，本发明实施例中的数据采集设备可以为一个，也可以为多个，不同的农田子区域可以对应不同的数据采集设备，例如，一个农田子区域对应一个数据采集设备。需要说明的是，不同的农田子区域可以采用同一种或同多种类型的传感器进行相关环境信息的监测，这里不做具体的限制。
另外，本发明实施例中的农业机械设备可以为一个，也可以为多个，不同的农田子区域可以对应不同的农业机械设备，例如，一个农田子区域对应一个农业机械设备。需要说明的是，不同的农田子区域可以采用同一个农业机械设备进行作业，这里主要是基于作业需求来确定作业设备，还可以结合作业设备距离作业区域的远近来选取。
本发明实施例中，LoRa网关，一方面可以针对每个所述农田子区域，将对应的一个或多个数据采集设备的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述农田子区域对应的总环境信息，例如，可以将各种类型的传感器采集到的环境信息按照时间戳进行对齐，并在对齐后得到汇总的各个传感器数据(即一个农田子区域对应的总环境信息)；另一方面可以针对每个数据采集设备，将所述数据采集设备对应采集的农田子区域的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述数据采集设备对应的总环境信息，例如，在一个数据采集设备对应多个农田子区域的情况下，可以将各个农田子区域对应的环境信息确定为总环境信息。
本发明实施例中，每个数据采集设备均可以包括气象传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、电导率传感器、PH值传感器、图像传感器中的一种或多种，也即， 这里的数据采集设备可以是联合多传感器的相关设备。
其中，气象传感器可以采集目标农田区域内的气候数据，该气候数据包括但不限于最低、平均和最高温度、降水量、太阳辐射、风速、水汽压和总降水量等相关数据，这些数据对于有些农作物的生长环境具有显著影响；温度传感器可以采集目标农田区域内土壤的温度数据，湿度传感器可以采集目标农田区域内土壤的湿度数据，这主要是考虑到不同的农作物喜好的温度/湿度的高低并不相同；电导率传感器采集目标农田区域内土壤的电导率数据，该数据可以间接反映土壤肥力情况；PH值传感器采集目标农田区域内土壤的PH数据，这主要是考虑到不同农作物喜欢不同特性的土壤，例如银杏较为喜欢酸性土壤，然而梨树较为喜欢碱性土壤；图像传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内的视频图像数据，便于农田管理人员可以远程查看作物的生长情况。
为了可视化观测各种环境信息，如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的智慧农业控制系统还可以包括显示器，所述显示器与服务器通信连接，能够显示包括各个农田子区域在内的目标农田区域的环境信息，除此之外，这里的显示器还可以展示各个农业机械设备的运行状态。
在实际应用中，基于服务器与手机端的通信，还可以通过短信方式将上述环境信息以及运行状态等信息发送到用户手机，从而便于用户随时随地进行观测，以及时了解农田情况，并能够在异常情况下，及时进行干预。
为了更好的实现数据传输，本发明实施例提供的智能农业控制系统还可以包括微处理器，该微处理器与上述各种传感器通信连接，用于控制各个传感器的运行，并获取每个所述传感器采集的数据。例如，这里可以控制温度传感器 的开启与关闭，并能够在温度传感器开启的过程中，获取温度数据。
在实际应用中，这里的微处理器可以是单独设置的，也可以是与上述各个传感器集成在数据采集设备上的，如图2所示，这可以及时的将获取的传感器数据传输到LoRa网关，并采用芯片更为集成化的数据采集设备，更具实用性。
如图2所示，为了更好的监测农业机械设备的作业流量，这里的微处理还可以连接有流量计，该流量计安装在农业机械设备内，用于将监测的作业流量传输到微处理器。基于作业流量可以精准的确定作业人员的作业情况，一定程度而言，作业流量越大，作业人员付出的劳动也越多，反之，作业流量越小，作业人员付出的劳动也越少，利用作业流量这一数据很好的对作业人员进行管理。
为了便于农田管理人员知道当前数据采集设备监测的是哪块区域，如图2所示，这里的数据采集设备还可以设置有全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)模块，GPS模块能够获取各个传感器的位置信息，在将位置信息传输至微处理器的情况下，微处理器可以将位置信息与环境信息进行绑定，继而可以明确对应区域的环境信息。
如图2所示，微处理器还可以连接有电源模块，该电源模块包括太阳能电源和备用电源，太阳能电源可对备用电源进行充电，也可直接对数据采集设备包括的各个传感器进行供电；当太阳能功能不足时，通过备用电源对各个传感器进行供电。
为了便于更好的将传感器数据至LoRa网关，这里的数据采集设备还可以设置有LoRa通信模块，如图2所示，该LoRa通信模块与所述微处理器通信连接， 且LoRa通信模块与LoRa网关无线通信连接，这样，在LoRa通信模块接收到传感器数据的情况下，可以通过LoR
本发明实施例中的微处理器可以选用STM32L431CBT6型号，能够更为方便快捷地读取气象传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、电导率传感器、PH值传感器等各种传感器采集的数据。这里的LoRa作为一种低功耗、易部署、高灵敏度、高抗干扰能力的无线通信技术，利用了先进的扩频调制技术和编解码方案，增加了链路预算，适合于要求低功耗、抗干扰能力的农业物联网网络环境，在实际应用中，这里的LoRa通信模块可以选用半双工的收发器SX1268，其在郊区的覆盖距离范围为15千米(km)，在市区的覆盖距离范围为3-5km，这里的LoRa通信模块的发射功率可以是22dBm，无线传输的中心频率为472.3MHz。
本发明实施例中，所述服务器内置有决策模块，当数据采集设备获取的环境信息不符合预设的土壤水肥条件，例如土壤湿度过低、土壤PH值异常、土壤电导率数据异常等，这里可以通过服务器内置的决策模块控制农业机械设备所包括电磁阀开闭来调节土壤水肥条件，例如，在土壤湿度过低的情况下，可以通过土壤灌溉来提高湿度。
除此之外，本发明实施例还可以提前根据各分区不同作物的水肥需求特性，分别预设各分区的土壤水肥条件(对应各分区灌溉电磁阀的开闭阈值)，当检测到某分区的环境信息超过该分区灌溉电磁阀的开闭阈值时，决策模块控制对应的电磁阀开闭，从而实现了分区管理，具有更高的实用性。
如图3所示为本发明实施例提供的LoRa网关的结构示意图。该LoRa网关包括：网关主控以及与所述网关主控连接的网关LoRa模组、继电器、存储模块、 4G模组、WIFI模组；所述网关LoRa模组与数据采集设备无线通信连接，可以数据采集设备上设置的LoRa通信模块进行配对，以接收数据采集设备所采集的环境数据，并传输至网关主控；所述继电器与农业机械设备连接用于直接控制农业机械设备的电磁阀开闭，例如，可以在接收到服务器发送的关闭灌溉设备的电磁阀的情况下，停止灌溉；所述存储模块用于暂存数据采集设备获取的环境信息；所述第四代移动通信(the 4th Generation Mobile Communication，4G)模组、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)模组分别与服务器无线连接，并能够将获取的数据采集设备的环境数据或者服务器生成的控制指令无线传输给对应的设备。
为了便于理解本发明实施例提供的智慧农业控制系统，接下来可以结合具体的运行过程进行说明：
这里，通过气象传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、电导率传感器、PH值传感器等传感器可以周期性采集农田的气候数据、土壤温度数据、土壤湿度数据、土壤电导率数据以及PH数据；这些传感器采集的环境信息通过LoRa通信模块传输给LoRa网关，LoRa网关内置的存储器可以暂存采集的土壤信息，防止网络故障导致数据丢失；LoRa网关将汇总的数据再上传到服务器，服务器通过对这些数据进行分析，判断采集的环境信息是否达到预设的电磁阀开启阈值，若电导率传感器和PH值传感器监测到某分区的土壤肥力不达标，则通过服务器内置的决策模块控制该分区对应施肥的电磁阀开启，施肥量根据监测到的土壤肥力情况灵活设置；若湿度传感器监测到某分区的土壤湿度不达标，则通过决策模块控制该分区对应灌溉的电磁阀开启，灌溉量根据监测到的土壤湿度情况 灵活设置；同时气象传感器监测到的气候数据作为判断是否开启灌溉电磁阀的辅助条件，当监测到正在下雨或即将下雨时，即使土壤湿度不达标，也不会控制灌溉电磁阀开启，避免灌溉过量。
其中，决策模块做出的控制指令通过LoRa网关将控制指令下发到农业机械设备，并实时监测农业机械设备的流量数据，当灌溉量达标后控制农业机械设备停止运行；农田管理人员可以通过智能终端(如手机、电脑等)远程查看农田各个区域内的作物生长情况以及农业机械设备的运行状态，也可以手动控制各个区域内农业机械设备的运行状态。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、平台(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”“、某些实施方式”“、示意 性实施方式”“、示例”“、具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。[0089]最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括服务器、LoRa网关、至少一个数据采集设备及至少一个农业机械设备；所述服务器与所述LoRa网关通信连接，所述LoRa网关通过LoRa组网的方式分别与所述至少一个数据采集设备和所述至少一个农业机械设备无线通信连接：
    所述至少一个数据采集设备，用于采集目标农田区域内的环境信息，并将所述环境信息传输至所述LoRa网关；
    所述LoRa网关，用于接收并汇总所述至少一个数据采集设备传输的环境信息，并将汇总得到的总环境信息传输至所述服务器；以及接收所述服务器传输的用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令，并向所述至少一个农业机械设备发送所述控制指令；
    所述服务器，用于获取所述LoRa网关汇总得到的总环境信息，并根据所述总环境信息，确定用于对所述至少一个农业机械设备进行作业控制的控制指令；
    所述至少一个农业机械设备，用于接收所述LoRa网关发送的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令对所述目标农田区域进行作业。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述目标农田区域包括多个农田子区域；每个农田子区域对应一个或多个数据采集设备，且对应一个或多个农业机械设备；
    所述LoRa网关，具体用于针对每个所述农田子区域，将对应的一个或多个数据采集设备的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述农田子区域对应的总环境信息；和/或，针对每个数据采集设备，将所述数据采集设备对应采集的农田子区域的环境信息进行汇总，得到所述数据采集设备对应的总环境信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括显示器，所述显示器与所述服务器通信连接；
    所述显示器，用于显示所述总环境信息以及所述农业机械设备的运行状态。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述数据采集设备包括气象传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、电导率传感器、PH值传感器、图像传感器中的一种或多种；
    所述气象传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内的气候数据；
    所述温度传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的温度数据；
    所述湿度传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的湿度数据；
    所述电导率传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的电导率数据；
    所述PH值传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内土壤的PH数据；所述图像传感器，用于采集目标农田区域内的视频图像数据。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括微处理器，所述微处理器与所述气象传感器、所述温度传感器、所述湿度传感器、所述电导率传感器、所述PH值传感器、所述图像传感器中的一种或多种传感器通信连接；
    所述微处理器，用于控制各个传感器的运行，并获取每个所述传感器采集的数据。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括流量计，所述流量计安装在农业机械设备内，且所述流量计与微处理器连接；1、一种纽扣式微孔陶瓷灌水器自动化生产设备，包括工作台(1)，其特 征在于，所述的工作台(1)上设置有组装转动圆盘(2)，组装转动圆盘(2)外边缘上沿着周向均匀布设有多个灌水器卡座(3)；沿着组装转动圆盘(2)的转动方向，组装转动圆盘(2)的周围分别设置有下外壳输送机构(4)、微孔陶瓷渗片输送机构(5)、硅胶垫圈输送机构(6)、上外壳输送机构(7)、扭拧机构(8)和成品输送机构(9)；
    所述的下外壳输送机构(4)和上外壳输送机构(7)的上方均设置有外壳生产机构(10)；
    所述的下外壳输送机构(4)、微孔陶瓷渗片输送机构(5)、硅胶垫圈输送机构(6)和上外壳输送机构(7)的上方均设置有零件抓送机械手(11)；
    所述的成品输送机构(9)的一端与灌水器卡座(3)相邻近，成品输送机构(9)的另一端依次设置有检重机(12)和筛检传输机构(13)；所述的筛检传输机构(13)的纵向前侧下方设置有废品箱(14)，筛检传输机构(13)的横向外侧通向良品箱(15)；
    所述的下外壳输送机构(4)、微孔陶瓷渗片输送机构(5)、硅胶垫圈输送机构(6)和上外壳输送机构(7)的结构相同。
    所述流量计，用于监测所述农业机械设备的作业流量，并将所述作业流量按照预设时间间隔传输至所述微处理器。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括GPS模块，所述GPS模块与所述微处理器连接；
    所述GPS模块，用于获取各个传感器所在的位置信息，并将所述位置信息传输至所述微处理器。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括电源模块，所述电源模块与所述微处理器通信连接，且所述电源模块包括太阳能电源和备用电源；
    所述电源模块，用于通过所述微处理器为所述各个传感器提供电源。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括LoRa通信模块，所述LoRa通信模块与所述微处理器通信连接，且LoRa通信模块与LoRa网关无线通信连接；
    所述LoRa通信模块，用于接收所述微处理器获取的各种传感器采集的数据，并将所所述采集的数据传输给所述LoRa网关。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述服务器内置决策模块；
    所述决策模块，用于在判断出所述总环境信息不符合预设的土壤水肥条件的情况下，生成用于控制对应农业机械设备进行作业的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令控制所述农业机械设备所包括电磁阀的开闭。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，
    所述决策模块，还用于根据各个农田子区域对应不同作物的水肥需求特性，针对各个农田子区域预设土壤水肥条件；以及在判断出一个农田子区域的总环境信息不符合所述农田子区域预设的土壤水肥条件的情况下，生成用于控制对所述农田子区域进行作业的控制指令。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的一种智慧农业控制系统，其特征在于，所述LoRa网关包括：网关主控以及与所述网关主控连接的网关LoRa模组、继电器、存储 模块、4G模组、WIFI模组；所述网关LoRa模组与所述数据采集设备无线通信连接；所述继电器与所述农业机械设备电连接；所述存储模块用于暂存所述数据采集设备获取的环境信息；所述4G模组、所述WIFI模组分别与所述服务器无线通信连接。
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