WO2024007446A1 - 一种传感信号接收系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种传感信号接收系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007446A1
WO2024007446A1 PCT/CN2022/117815 CN2022117815W WO2024007446A1 WO 2024007446 A1 WO2024007446 A1 WO 2024007446A1 CN 2022117815 W CN2022117815 W CN 2022117815W WO 2024007446 A1 WO2024007446 A1 WO 2024007446A1
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signal
frequency
module
frequency selection
filter circuit
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PCT/CN2022/117815
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李智超
张春光
刘光恒
刘嘉瑞
李上青
宫迎娇
安磊
褚帅
张俊峰
刘佳慧
杨煜兵
孙志涛
汪忠伟
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国机传感科技有限公司
沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司
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Priority to US18/022,356 priority Critical patent/US11824571B1/en
Publication of WO2024007446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007446A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of sensor signal processing, and in particular, to a sensor signal receiving system and method.
  • the senor can receive measured information and convert it into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to set rules. Common electrical signals are in analog or digital form.
  • the sensor is generally connected to a dedicated interface of the controller, such as an analog interface or a digital interface.
  • the controller the number of these dedicated interfaces is limited.
  • the controller has a large number of ordinary I/O interfaces, it cannot directly read the sensor output signal due to the lack of drivers.
  • the sensor output signal may be attenuated or interfered with, causing the available signal to not meet standard digital signal specifications or be drowned in noise. If the sensor is connected directly to the controller, the readings will be distorted.
  • the feasible method for receiving sensing signals is to directly use the receiver to amplify the passband of the sensing signal, which is equivalent to adding an amplifier on the output side of the sensor, which can reduce the distortion of the sensing signal under an ideal environment.
  • the above method only estimates and observes the sensor signal based on the time domain, and does not observe the sensor signal based on the frequency domain, which may easily lead to omission or false alarm of the available signal, and will still lead to distortion of the sensor signal.
  • the above method uses narrow-band noise instead of white noise when receiving sensing signals, and cannot guarantee the reliability of sensing signal transmission.
  • the present invention provides a sensor signal receiving system and method to solve the problem that during the communication process of sensor signals, due to the large noise in each frequency band of the outside world, the available signals are submerged in the noise, causing the available signals to be missed or falsely reported, which in turn leads to The problem of sensing signal distortion.
  • the invention performs signal frequency selection amplification by square wave, sine wave or superposition signal, and converts it to generate a TTL standard signal, thereby solving the noise problem in each frequency band of the received sensing signal and ensuring the reliable transmission of the sensing signal.
  • this application provides a sensing signal receiving system.
  • the system includes: an interface module, a narrowband frequency selection module, a high-amplification amplifier module and an in-phase comparison module;
  • the interface module is used to receive sensing signals
  • the narrowband frequency selection module is used to determine the frequency selection signal in the sensing signal according to the preset reception frequency; the frequency of the frequency selection signal is the preset reception frequency or a narrowband interval containing the preset reception frequency; the narrowband frequency selection module is also used to Output the frequency selection signal to the high-amplification amplifier module;
  • the high-amplification amplifier module is used to amplify the received frequency selection signal to obtain an amplified signal
  • the non-inverting comparison module is used to convert the amplified signal into a standard signal.
  • the sensing signal contains a noise signal with a frequency in a narrow-band interval
  • two center frequency points are selected in the narrow-band interval, and one of the center frequency points is used for the narrow-band frequency selection module to tune the noise signal to the narrow-band frequency selection module.
  • the center frequency point in the module, and the other center frequency point is used for the high-amplification amplifier module.
  • the narrowband frequency selection module is composed of a first band-pass filter circuit with a first preset gain level in cascade; the first band-pass filter circuit includes a first high-pass filter circuit and a first high-impedance filter circuit.
  • the first high-pass filter circuit The circuit is composed of two resistors and a capacitor electrically connected, and the first high-impedance filter circuit is composed of a resistor and a capacitor electrically connected.
  • the high-increase large module is composed of a second band-pass filter circuit with a second preset gain level cascaded; the second band-pass filter circuit includes a second low-pass filter circuit and a second high-pass filter circuit.
  • the second low-pass filter circuit The circuit is composed of resistors and capacitors electrically connected, and the second high-pass filter circuit is composed of resistors and capacitors electrically connected.
  • the first preset gain level is 1, and the second preset gain level is 6.
  • the first preset gain level is 3, and the second preset gain level is 9.
  • the non-inverting comparison module converts the amplified signal into a standard signal through the upper limit hysteresis threshold and the lower limit hysteresis threshold.
  • the signal amplitude unit of the frequency selection signal is millivolts or microvolts.
  • this application provides a sensing signal receiving method, which includes:
  • the frequency band includes a preset receiving frequency or a narrow-band interval of the preset receiving frequency, and the preset receiving frequency is the center frequency of the frequency selection signal.
  • This application provides a sensing signal receiving system and method, including an interface module, a narrowband frequency selection module, a high-amplification amplification module and a same-phase comparison module.
  • the interface module is used to receive sensing signals
  • the narrowband frequency selection module is used to determine the frequency selection signal in the sensing signal according to the preset reception frequency.
  • the frequency of the frequency selection signal is the preset reception frequency or a narrowband containing the preset reception frequency. interval.
  • the narrowband frequency selection module is also used to output the frequency selection signal to the high-amplification amplifier module.
  • the high-amplification amplifier module is used to amplify the received frequency selection signal to obtain an amplified signal.
  • the in-phase comparison module is used to convert the amplified signal into a standard signal.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensing signal receiving system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a narrowband frequency selection module provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a high-amplification amplifier module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the in-phase comparison module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of a sensing signal receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the invention performs frequency-selective signal amplification on square waves, sine waves or superimposed sensing signals, and converts them into TTL standard signals, thereby solving the noise problem in each frequency band of the received signal and ensuring the reliable transmission of sensing signals.
  • Attenuation When a signal propagates in a transmission medium, part of the energy will be converted into heat energy or absorbed by the transmission medium, causing the signal strength to continuously weaken, causing the signal strength to decrease when propagating in cables or air. This phenomenon is called for attenuation.
  • Signal-to-noise ratio refers to the ratio of signal to noise in an electronic device or electronic system.
  • the signal here refers to the electronic signal from outside the device that needs to be processed by this electronic device.
  • the noise refers to the irregular additional signal (or information) that does not exist in the original signal generated after passing through the electronic device, and This signal does not change with changes in the original signal.
  • TTL level signal stipulates that +5V is equivalent to logic "1", and 0V is equivalent to logic "0" (when using binary to represent data). This method of data communication and level regulation is called a transistor-transistor logic level (Transistor Transistor Logic, TTL) signal system. This is a standard technology for communication between parts within a device controlled by a computer processor.
  • Frequency selective amplification an amplification unit that has a prominent amplification effect on signals of a certain frequency or a single frequency, and has a strong suppression effect on signals of other frequencies.
  • Resonant amplifiers and active bandpass filters fall into this category.
  • Gain The general meaning is the amplification factor. In electronics, it is usually the ratio of the signal output to the signal input of a system.
  • Frequency band In the field of digital control, frequency band refers to the frequency range of a certain frequency band in the signal, and the unit is Hz.
  • Bandpass filtering allows signals in specific frequency bands to pass while blocking signals in other frequency bands.
  • Frequency domain A coordinate system used to describe the characteristics of a signal in terms of frequency. In electronics, control systems engineering, and statistics, the frequency domain shows the amount of signal within each given frequency band within a range of frequencies.
  • Time domain describes the relationship of a mathematical function or physical signal to time.
  • the time domain waveform of a signal can express the change of the signal over time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensing signal receiving system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a sensing signal receiving system.
  • the present invention uses a 5-Pin interface to connect between the receiving device and the controller I/O interface.
  • the receiving device can receive noise sensors within a certain range. signal, the receiving device then transmits the sensing signal to the sensing signal receiving system.
  • the controller I/O interface can directly read the denoised sensing signal, and then Down, the sensing signal can be quickly developed at the communication protocol level.
  • the system of the present invention includes: an interface module 11, a narrowband frequency selection module 12, a high-amplification amplification module 13 and an in-phase comparison module 14.
  • the interface module 11 is used to receive sensor signals with noise received by the receiving device from the outside world.
  • the signal type may be a standard sine wave, a square wave, or a superposition of a standard sine wave and a square wave.
  • This application takes into account on-site signal interference, operating conditions noise and signal interference between equipment. Even if the sensing signal can be highly attenuated, the attenuated sensing signal is still mixed with noise whose amplitude is much larger than the available signal. In order to The available signals in the sensing signal are output to the controller I/O interface. This application performs reliable design in both the time domain and frequency domain.
  • the narrowband frequency selection module 12 is composed of a cascade of first bandpass filter circuits with a first preset gain level.
  • the first The band-pass filter circuit includes a first high-pass filter circuit and a first high-impedance filter circuit.
  • Vi_i is the input voltage
  • Vo_i is the output voltage
  • OP_i is the operational amplifier
  • R3_1 is the resistor
  • Vin is the supply voltage.
  • Vi_i forms a high-pass filter with C2_i after being divided by R1_i and R2_i.
  • Vo_i forms a high-impedance filter through C1_i and resistor R2_i, filtering out the frequency band above the frequency selection point, thus completing the band-pass filtering process.
  • the narrowband frequency selection module 12 is also used to determine the frequency selection signal in the sensing signal according to the preset receiving frequency.
  • the preset receiving frequency is a frequency determined in advance based on the actual site conditions. It is assumed that the preset receiving frequency is 25Hz.
  • the frequency of the frequency-selected signal is the preset receiving frequency, or a narrow-band interval containing the preset receiving frequency.
  • select two center frequency points in the narrow-band interval select two center frequency points in the narrow-band interval. One of the center frequency points is used for the narrowband frequency selection module 12 to tune the noise signal to the center frequency point in the narrowband frequency selection module 12 , and the other center frequency point is used for the high-amplification amplification module 13 .
  • the noise signal When the frequency of the noise signal is close to the frequency of the sensing signal, the noise signal is clipped to the center frequency point in the narrowband frequency selection module 12, that is, the preset receiving frequency, that is, the noise signal is tuned to the center frequency in the narrowband frequency selection module 12 point, that is, the preset receiving frequency is equal to the center frequency point in the narrowband frequency selection module 12 .
  • the default receiving frequency is 25 Hz
  • the narrow-band interval of the frequency selection signal can be set to 23 Hz to 29 Hz.
  • the frequency of the center frequency point in the narrow-band frequency selection module 12 can be selected to be a point near 25 Hz, such as 23.5 Hz.
  • the sensing signal can be received by the narrowband frequency selection module 12 and amplified in the subsequent high-amplification amplification module 13, that is, the high-amplification amplification module 13
  • the center frequency point is 25Hz, which means 25Hz is amplified.
  • the white noise is guided to the center frequency point in the narrowband frequency selection module 12, that is, the frequency is 23.5Hz.
  • the subsequent controller I/O can identify the interfering white noise.
  • the output frequency at this time can be different according to the ratio of the noise and signal amplitude.
  • the preset receiving frequency of 25Hz is guided to the narrowband frequency selection module 12.
  • the white noise at the center frequency point of 23.5Hz is synthesized, and the final frequency obtained is between 23.5Hz and 25Hz.
  • the frequency selection signal is output to the high-amplification amplifier module 13 through the narrow-band frequency selection module 12.
  • the high-amplification amplifier module 13 is composed of a second preset gain
  • the second band-pass filter circuit of the series is composed of a cascade connection, and the second band-pass filter circuit includes a second low-pass filter circuit and a second high-pass filter circuit.
  • Vi_j is the input voltage
  • Vo_j is the output voltage
  • OP_j is the operational amplifier
  • RF_j and Rf_j are two feedback resistors in series
  • Vin is the supply voltage
  • resistor R1_j and capacitor C1_j form the second low-pass filter circuit
  • resistor R2_j and capacitor C2_j form The second high-pass filter circuit introduces voltage positive feedback through resistor R3_j. Since the frequency-selective signal amplitude is usually only a few millivolts or even a few microvolts, the signal can be proportionally amplified by introducing negative feedback through RF_j and Rf_j.
  • the high-amplification amplifier module 13 maximizes the gain in a relatively relaxed frequency band through cascading. For example, since the high-amplification amplifier module 13 amplifies the range of 25Hz plus or minus 5Hz when amplifying, the high-amplification amplifier module 13 amplifies the frequency range of 25Hz plus or minus 5Hz.
  • the amplification module 13 can usually increase the gain of a single stage by 10 times, so it is convenient to observe the amplified signal at the time domain level.
  • the second preset gain level is determined based on the sensing signal amplitude, the environmental noise amplitude and the first preset gain level. The first preset gain level and the second preset gain level need to be matched and adjusted to each other. .
  • this application preferably adopts a first pre-trial gain level of 1 and a second preset gain level of 6 to achieve 10 6 times amplification of the frequency-selected signal.
  • Another preferred method of the embodiment of the present application is to use the first preset gain level to be 3 and the second preset gain level to be 9 to achieve 10 9 times amplification of the frequency selection signal.
  • the frequency selection signal passes through the high-amplification amplifier module 13 to ensure that the input millivolt-level or microvolt-level sensing signal can be saturated and output to the reference value range of the in-phase comparison module 14.
  • the in-phase comparison module 14 is used to convert the amplified signal into a standard signal.
  • the circuit principle diagram of the non-inverting comparison module 14 provided by this application is shown.
  • Vin represents the supply voltage
  • Vi represents the input voltage
  • Vo represents the output voltage
  • R1, R2, R3 and R4 are resistors respectively.
  • the in-phase comparison module 14 converts the amplified signal into a standard signal
  • the upper limit hysteresis threshold and lower limit are set in the in-phase comparison module 14 Hysteresis threshold.
  • the voltages V H and V L that the amplified signal must rise and fall to when the output is switched to high and low levels can be derived through the existing calculation formulas .
  • V L the specific calculation process will not be described in detail.
  • V H When it is higher than V H , the signal is considered to have reached logic "1"; when it is lower than V L , the signal is considered to have returned to logic "0".
  • Setting upper and lower hysteresis thresholds eliminates unwanted output transitions caused by noise compared to a single reference point.
  • the present invention can be applied to communication scenarios inside and outside pipelines.
  • the receiving system of the present invention is placed at different positions outside a long conveying pipeline.
  • the present invention is connected between the receiving device and the controller I/O interface.
  • a data acquisition device is placed in the pipe, and the data acquisition device serves as a receiving device to collect sensing signals in the pipe pig, and then transmits the sensing signals to the receiving system of the present invention.
  • the receiving system includes an interface module 11 , a narrowband frequency selection module 12 , a high-amplification amplifier module 13 and an in-phase comparison module 14 .
  • the interface module 11 is provided with an interface.
  • the interface receives the sensing signal collected by the receiving device and transmits the signal to the frequency selector in the narrowband frequency selection module 12.
  • the frequency selector selects the sensing signal through the center frequency point. Frequency selection, select the frequency selection signal of the available signal.
  • the frequency-selected signal is then transmitted to the amplifier in the high-amplification amplification module 13.
  • the amplifier implements a narrow-band high-gain amplification function for the frequency-selected signal and obtains the amplified signal.
  • the amplified signal is then transmitted to the comparator in the non-inverting comparison module 14.
  • the comparator converts the amplified signal into a standard signal through the hysteresis function.
  • the output standard signal can be used directly by the controller I/O interface without any other processing.
  • the present invention is verified through Fourier analysis in the entire frequency domain, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the output sensing signal facilitates controller I/O interface processing.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a sensing signal receiving method.
  • the method includes:
  • the signal type can be a standard sine wave, a square wave, or a superposition of a standard sine wave and a square wave.
  • S102 Select a frequency band based on the sensing signal to obtain a frequency selection signal.
  • the frequency selection signal is determined in the sensing signal; the frequency of the frequency selection signal is the preset reception frequency or a narrow-band interval containing the preset reception frequency; when the sensing signal contains noise with a frequency in the narrow-band interval signal, by selecting two center frequency points in the narrowband interval, one of which is used for the narrowband frequency selection module 12, the noise signal is tuned to the center frequency point in the narrowband frequency selection module 12, and the other center frequency point is used for in the high-amplification amplifier module 13.
  • the passband bandwidth is set to a limited number of non-adjacent narrow bandwidths through cascading, thereby satisfying the writing of complex communication protocols and maximizing the gain in a relatively relaxed frequency band.
  • Gain amplify the frequency-selected signal to obtain an amplified signal.
  • S104 Convert the amplified signal into a standard signal.
  • the amplified signal is converted into a standard signal by setting the upper hysteresis threshold and lower hysteresis threshold, thereby eliminating poor output conversion caused by noise.
  • This application provides a sensing signal receiving system and method, including: an interface module 11, a narrowband frequency selection module 12, a high-amplification amplifier module 13 and a same-phase comparison module 14.
  • the interface module 11 is used to receive sensing signals, and the narrowband frequency selection module
  • the module 12 is used to determine the frequency selection signal in the sensing signal according to the preset reception frequency.
  • the frequency of the frequency selection signal is the preset reception frequency or a narrow-band interval including the preset reception frequency.
  • the narrow-band frequency selection module 12 is also used to The frequency selection signal is output to the high-amplification amplifier module 13.
  • the high-amplification amplifier module 13 is used to amplify the received frequency selection signal to obtain an amplified signal.
  • the in-phase comparison module 14 is used to convert the amplified signal into a standard signal.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种传感信号接收系统及方法，所述系统包括：接口模块、窄带选频模块、高增放大模块和同相比较模块，所述接口模块用于接收传感信号，所述窄带选频模块用于根据预设接收频率，在所述传感信号中确定选频信号，所述选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含所述预设接收频率的一个窄带区间，所述窄带选频模块还用于将所述选频信号输出至所述高增放大模块，所述高增放大模块用于将接收到的所述选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号，所述同相比较模块用于将所述放大信号转换为TTL标准信号。通过本申请技术方案，能够有效避免出现可用信号漏报或误报的情况，保证传感信号的可靠性传输。

Description

一种传感信号接收系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及传感信号的处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种传感信号接收系统及方法。
背景技术
当今传感器已广泛应用于民用及工业中，传感器作为一种检测装置，能接收到被测量的信息，并按设定规律变换成为电信号或其他所需形式的信息输出。常见的电信号有模拟量或数字量形式。在应用时，传感器一般接于控制器专用接口上，如模拟量接口或数字量接口上。对于控制器而言，这些专用接口数量有限，而控制器的普通I/O接口虽然数量较多，但由于缺少驱动，无法直接读取传感器输出信号。
此外，当传感器应用于管道及海底环境时，传感器输出信号可能被衰减或被干扰，使可用信号不满足标准数字信号规范或者被淹没在噪声之中，如果直接将传感器连接至控制器，则读数会失真。目前，可行的传感信号接收所采用的方法是：直接利用接收机对传感信号通带放大，相当于在传感器输出侧增加放大器，在理想环境下可以减少传感信号的失真。
然而，上述方法仅是基于时域进行传感信号估计与观测，没有基于频域进行传感信号观测，容易造成可用信号漏报或误报，仍会导致传感信号的失真。此外上述方法接收传感信号时采用的是窄带噪声而非白噪音，无法保证传感信号传输的可靠性。
发明内容
本发明提供一种传感信号接收系统及方法，以解决传感信号在通信过程中，由于外界各频段噪声较大导致可用信号淹没在噪声之中，造成可用信号漏保或误报，进而导致传感信号失真的问题。本发明通过对方波、正弦波或叠加型信号进行信号选频放大，并转换生成TTL标准信号，解决接收到的传感信号中各频段范围内的噪声问题，保证传感信号的可靠性传输。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
第一方面，本申请提供了一种传感信号接收系统，系统包括：接口模块、窄带选频模块、高增放大模块和同相比较模块；
接口模块用于接收传感信号；
窄带选频模块用于根据预设接收频率，在传感信号中确定选频信号；选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含预设接收频率的一个窄带区间；窄带选频模块还用于将选频信号输出至高增放大模块；
高增放大模块用于将接收到的选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号；
同相比较模块用于将放大信号转换为标准信号。
进一步地，当传感信号中包含频率在窄带区间中的噪声信号时，在窄带区间中选择两个中心频率点，其中一个中心频率点用于窄带选频模块，将噪声信号调谐至窄带选频模块中的中心频率点，另一个中心频率点用于高增放大模块。
进一步地，窄带选频模块由第一预设增益级数的第一带通滤波电路级联构成；第一带通滤波电路包括第一高通滤波电路和第一高阻滤波电路,第一高通滤波电路由两个电阻和电容电连接组成，第一高阻滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成。
进一步地，高增方大模块由第二预设增益级数的第二带通滤波电路级联构成；第二带通滤波电路包括第二低通滤波电路和第二高通滤波电路,第二低通滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成，第二高通滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成。
进一步地，第一预设增益级数为1，第二预设增益级数为6。
进一步地，第一预设增益级数为3，第二预设增益级数为9。
进一步地，同相比较模块通过上限迟滞阈值和下限迟滞阈值将放大信号转换为标准信号。
进一步地，选频信号的信号幅值单位是毫伏或者微伏。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种传感信号接收方法，方法包括：
获取传感信号；
根据传感信号选取频段，得到选频信号；
通过对选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号；
将放大信号转换为标准信号。
进一步地，频段包括预设接收频率或者预设接收频率的一个窄带区间，预设接收频率为选频信号的中心频率。
本申请提供了一种传感信号接收系统及方法，包括接口模块、窄带选频模块、高增放大模块和同相比较模块。接口模块用于接收传感信号，窄带选频模块用于根据预设接收频率，在传感信号中确定选频信号，选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含预设接收频率的一个窄带区间。窄带选频模块还用于将选频信号输出至高增放大模块，高增放大模块用于将接收到的选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号，同相比较模块用于将放大信号转换为标准信号。通过本申请技术方案，能够有效避免出现可用信号漏报或误报的情况，保证传感信号的可靠性传输。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种传感信号接收系统的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供窄带选频模块的电路原理示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供高增放大模块的电路原理示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供同相比较模块的电路原理示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种传感信号接收方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决传感信号在通信过程中，由于外界各频段噪声较大导致可用信号淹没在噪声之中，造成可用信号漏报或误报的问题。本发明通过对方波、正弦波或叠加型传感信号进行信号选频放大，并转换生成TTL标准信号，解决了接收信号中各频段范围内的噪声问题，保证传感信号的可靠性传输。
为了便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，在对本申请实施例的具体实施方式进行阐述说明之前，首先对本申请实施例所属技术领域的一些技术术语进行简单解释说明。
衰减：信号在传输介质中传播时，将会有一部分能量转化成热能或者被传输介质吸收，从而造成信号强度不断减弱，使信号在线缆或空气中进行传播时强度会下降，这种现象称为衰减。
信噪比：是指一个电子设备或者电子系统中信号与噪声的比例。这里面的信号指的是来自设备外部需要通过这台电子设备进行处理的电子信号，噪声是指经过该电子设备后产生的原信号中并不存在的无规则的额外信号(或信息)，并且这种信号并不随原信号的变化而变化。
TTL电平：TTL电平信号规定，+5V等价于逻辑“1”，0V等价于逻辑“0”(采用二进制来表示数据时)。这样的数据通信及电平规定方式，被称为晶体管-晶体管逻辑电平(Transistor Transistor Logic，TTL)信号系统。这是计算机处理器控制的设备内部各部分之间通信的标准技术。
选频放大：对某一段频率或单一频率的信号具有突出的放大作用，而对其他频率的信号具有较强抑制作用的放大单元。谐振放大器和有源带通滤波器等都属于这一范畴。
增益：一般含义就是放大倍数。在电子学上，通常为一个系统的讯号输出与讯号输入的比率。
频段：在数字控制领域中，频段指的是信号中某频段的频率范围，单位为Hz。
带通滤波：允许特定频段信号通过，同时屏蔽其他频段的信号。
频域：描述信号在频率方面特性时用到的一种坐标系。在电子学，控制系统工程和统计学中，频域显示了在一个频率范围内每个给定频带内的信号量。
时域：描述数学函数或物理信号对时间的关系。例如，一个信号的时域波形可以表达信号随着时间的变化。
参加图1，为本申请实施例提供的一种传感信号接收系统的示意图；
如图1可知，本申请实施例提供的一种传感信号接收系统，本发明采用5Pin接口连接于接收装置与控制器I/O接口之间，接收装置能够接收到一定范围内具有噪声传感信号，接收装置再将传感信号传输至传感信号接收系统中，经过传感信号接收系统处理输出的传感信号，可以实现控制器I/O接口直接读取去噪音的传感信号，接下来，传感信号能够快速进行通信协议层面的二次开发。
具体的，本发明系统包括：接口模块11、窄带选频模块12、高增放大模块13和同相比较模块14。
接口模块11用于接收接收装置从外界接收到的具有噪声的传感信号，信号类型可以是标准正弦波、方波或标准正弦波和方波的叠加。本申请考虑到现场信号干扰、作业工况噪音及设备间信号干扰等，即使传感信号能够被高倍衰减，但衰减后的传感信号里，仍然夹杂着幅值远大于可用信号的噪声，为了使传感信号中的可用信号输出至控制器I/O接口，本申请在时域和频域两个方面进行可靠设计。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供的窄带选频模块12的电路原理示意图，窄带选频模块12由第一预设增益级数的第一带通滤波电路级联构成，所述第一带通滤波电路包括第一高通滤波电路和第一高阻滤波电路。其中，Vi_i为输入电压，Vo_i为输出电压，OP_i为运算放大器、R3_1为电阻、Vin为供电电压，具体的，Vi_i经过R1_i、R2_i分压后与C2_i形成高通滤波，选频点以下频段(含直流成分)被滤掉；Vo_i经C1_i及电阻R2_i组成高阻滤波，将选频点以上频段滤掉，至此完成带通滤波过程。
具体的，窄带选频模块12还用于根据预设接收频率，在传感信号中确定选频信号。预设接收频率是根据实际现场情况提前确定的一个频率，假设预设接收频率为25Hz。选频信号的频率为预设接收频率，或者包含预设接收频率的一个窄带区间，当传感信号中包含的频率在窄带区间中的噪声信号时，在窄带区间中选择两个中心频率点，其中一个中心频率点用于窄带选频模块12，将噪声信号调谐至窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点，另一个中心频率点用于高增放大模块13。当噪声信号的频率接近传感信号频率时，将噪声信号裁剪至窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点，即预设接收频率，也就是将噪声信号调谐至窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点，即预设接收频率等于窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点。
例如，预设接收频率为25Hz，选频信号的窄带区间可设置成23Hz至29Hz，然而，窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点的频率可选择为25Hz附近一点，如23.5Hz。当没有噪声时，由于窄带区间的频率范围覆盖25Hz，因此，传感信号可以被窄带选频模块12接收，并在后续高增放大模块13中进行信号放大，也就是高增放大模块13中的中心频率点为25Hz，即对25Hz进行放大。当仅存在白噪声无信号时，将白噪声引导至 窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点上，即频率为23.5Hz，后续控制器I/O可以识别出干扰的白噪声。当信号叠加白噪声时，也就是既有25Hz，也有白噪声时，此时输出的频率可根据噪声和信号幅度比例有所不同，将预设接收频率25Hz与引导至窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点的白噪声23.5Hz进行综合，最终得到的频率是在23.5Hz和25Hz之间。
选频信号经过衰减之后还会残留一些接近于选频信号频率的噪声信号，例如，比较接近选频信号频率的噪声信号24.5Hz或者25.3Hz。通过窄带选频模块12将选频信号输出至高增放大模块13，如图3所示，本申请实施例提供的高增放大模块13的电路原理示意图，高增放大模块13由第二预设增益级数的第二带通滤波电路级联构成，第二带通滤波电路包括第二低通滤波电路和第二高通滤波电路。其中，Vi_j为输入电压，Vo_j为输出电压，OP_j为运算放大器、RF_j和Rf_j为反馈串联两电阻，Vin为供电电压，电阻R1_j与电容C1_j构成第二低通滤波电路，电阻R2_j与电容C2_j构成第二高通滤波电路，通过电阻R3_j引入电压正反馈。由于选频信号幅值通常仅有数毫伏甚至数微伏，通过RF_j和Rf_j引入负反馈，可以将信号按比例放大。
具体的，高增放大模块13通过级联方式实现在相对放宽的频段范围内增益的最大化，例如，由于高增放大模块13在放大时是将25Hz加或减5Hz的范围进行放大，高增放大模块13通常能够令单级增益10倍，因此，便于在时域层面对放大信号进行观测。而第二预设增益级数是根据传感信号幅值、环境噪音幅值和第一预设增益级数而定，第一预设增益级数和第二预设增益级数需要相互匹配调整。在理想环境下，本申请一种优选采用第一预审增益级数为1和第二预设增益级数为6，实现选频信号的10 6倍放大。本申请实施例另一种优选方式是采用第一预设增益级数为3，第二预设增益级数为9，实现选频信号的10 9倍放大。选频信号经过高增放大模块13，确保输入的毫伏级或微伏级传感信号，能够饱和输出至同相比较模块14的基准值范围内。
同相比较模块14用于将放大信号转换为标准信号。如图4所示，本申请提供的同相比较模块14的电路原理示意图，其中，图4中Vin代表供电电压和Vi代表输入电压，Vo代表输出电压，R1、R2、R3和R4分别为电阻。为了保证放大信号的输出信号符合TTL标准，即+5V代表逻辑“1”，0V代表逻辑“0”，同相比较模块14将放大信号转换为标准信号，同相比较模块14中设置上限迟滞阈值和下限迟滞阈值。将上限迟滞阈值和下限迟滞阈值作为两个基准点，使输出切换为高、低电平时放大信号必须上升、下降到的电压V H和V L，可通过现有的计算公式，导出V H和V L，具体计算过程不做详细描述。高于V H时，认为信号达到逻辑“1”；低于V L时认为信号回到逻辑“0”。相比单基准点而言，设置上限和下限迟滞阈值，可消除由噪声导致的不良输出转换。
本发明可以应用于管道内外的通讯场景，例如，较长的输送管道外侧的不同位置安放本发明的接收系统，本发明连接于接收装置与控制器I/O接口之间，通过在管道的清管器内安放数据采集装置，数据采集装置作为接收装置采集到清管器内的传感信号，再将传感信号传输至本发明的接收系统。
接收系统包括接口模块11、窄带选频模块12、高增放大模块13和同相比较模块14。接口模块11中设有接口器，接口器接收由接收装置采集到的传感信号，并将信号 传输至窄带选频模块12中的选频器，选频器通过中心频率点对传感信号进行选频，选出可用信号的选频信号。再将选频信号传输至高增放大模块13中的放大器，放大器实现对选频信号的窄带高增益放大功能，获取到放大信号。再将放大信号传输至同相比较模块14中的比较器，比较器通过迟滞功能将放大信号转换为标准信号，输出的标准信号可供控制器I/O接口直接使用，无需其他处理。
本发明在整个频域内通过傅里叶分析进行验证，输出的传感信号的信噪比，便于控制器I/O接口处理。
如图5所示，本申请实施例还提供一种传感信号接收方法，方法包括：
S101：获取传感信号。
获取接收装置从外界接收到的传感信号，信号类型可以是标准正弦波、方波或标准正弦波和方波的叠加。
S102：根据传感信号选取频段，得到选频信号。
根据预设接收频率，在传感信号中确定选频信号；选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含预设接收频率的一个窄带区间；当传感信号中包含频率在窄带区间中的噪声信号时，通过在窄带区间中选择两个中心频率点，其中一个中心频率点用于窄带选频模块12，将噪声信号调谐至窄带选频模块12中的中心频率点，另一个中心频率点用于高增放大模块13。
S103：通过对选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号。
通过级联方式将通带带宽设定为有限个不相邻的窄带宽，从而满足复杂通信协议的编写，实现在相对放宽的频段范围内实现增益的最大化。对选频信号进行增益放大，得到放大信号。
S104：将放大信号转换为标准信号。
通过设置的上限迟滞阈值和下限迟滞阈值将放大信号转换为标准信号，进而消除由噪声导致的不良输出转换。
本申请提供了一种传感信号接收系统及方法，包括：接口模块11、窄带选频模块12、高增放大模块13和同相比较模块14，接口模块11用于接收传感信号，窄带选频模块12用于根据预设接收频率，在传感信号中确定选频信号，选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含预设接收频率的一个窄带区间，窄带选频模块12还用于将选频信号输出至高增放大模块13，高增放大模块13用于将接收到的选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号，同相比较模块14用于将放大信号转换为标准信号。通过本申请技术方案，能够有效避免出现可用信号漏报或误报的情况，保证传感信号的可靠性传输。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由所附的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：接口模块、窄带选频模块、高增放大模块和同相比较模块；
    所述接口模块用于接收传感信号；
    所述窄带选频模块用于根据预设接收频率，在所述传感信号中确定选频信号；所述选频信号的频率为预设接收频率或者包含所述预设接收频率的一个窄带区间；所述窄带选频模块还用于将所述选频信号输出至所述高增放大模块；
    所述高增放大模块用于将接收到的所述选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号；
    所述同相比较模块用于将所述放大信号转换为标准信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，当所述传感信号中包含频率在所述窄带区间中的噪声信号时，在所述窄带区间中选择两个中心频率点，其中一个所述中心频率点用于所述窄带选频模块，将所述噪声信号调谐至所述窄带选频模块中的中心频率点，另一个所述中心频率点用于所述高增放大模块。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述窄带选频模块由第一预设增益级数的第一带通滤波电路级联构成；所述第一带通滤波电路包括第一高通滤波电路和第一高阻滤波电路，所述第一高通滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成，所述第一高阻滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述高增放大模块由第二预设增益级数的第二带通滤波电路级联构成；所述第二带通滤波电路包括第二低通滤波电路和第二高通滤波电路，所述第二低通滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成，所述第二高通滤波电路由电阻和电容电连接组成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述第一预设增益级数为1，所述第二预设增益级数为6。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述第一预设增益级数为3，所述第二预设增益级数为9。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述同相比较模块通过上限迟滞阈值和下限迟滞阈值将所述放大信号转换为所述标准信号。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种传感信号接收系统，其特征在于，所述选频信号的信号幅值单位是毫伏或者微伏。
  9. 一种传感信号接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取传感信号；
    根据所述传感信号选取频段，得到选频信号；
    通过对所述选频信号进行放大，得到放大信号；
    将所述放大信号转换为标准信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种传感信号接收方法，其特征在于，所述频段包括预设接收频率或者所述预设接收频率的一个窄带区间，所述预设接收频率为所述选频 信号的中心频率。
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