WO2024005392A1 - 배터리 팩 - Google Patents
배터리 팩 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024005392A1 WO2024005392A1 PCT/KR2023/007693 KR2023007693W WO2024005392A1 WO 2024005392 A1 WO2024005392 A1 WO 2024005392A1 KR 2023007693 W KR2023007693 W KR 2023007693W WO 2024005392 A1 WO2024005392 A1 WO 2024005392A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- gas
- frame
- pack
- pack housing
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
- H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
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- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
- H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
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- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery pack housing a plurality of battery assemblies.
- a battery pack that can efficiently discharge venting gas generated within the battery pack to the outside of the battery pack.
- the size or specification of the battery pack accommodating the battery cell must be changed.
- the size or area of the battery pack cannot be freely changed because the standard of the base plate that accommodates the battery cells or modules is set.
- the conventional battery pack had a problem in that the freedom of design change was significantly reduced.
- the present invention is intended to solve the above problems and aims to provide a battery pack that can delay the propagation of high-temperature gas or flame between battery cells by efficiently discharging high-temperature gas generated within the battery pack. .
- a battery pack includes a plurality of battery assemblies; a lower pack housing with an open upper surface accommodating the plurality of battery assemblies; and an upper pack housing coupled to the open upper surface of the lower pack housing, wherein the upper pack housing includes a gas inlet through which gas generated within the battery pack is introduced and a first gas channel communicating with the gas inlet.
- the lower pack housing includes a side wall frame having a second gas channel in communication with the first gas channel and a gas outlet in communication with the second gas channel to discharge the gas to the outside of the battery pack.
- the edge portion of the upper pack housing is coupled to the side wall frame of the lower pack housing, a first venting hole communicating with the first gas channel is formed in a lower portion of the edge portion, and the first venting hole is formed in an upper portion of the side wall frame.
- a second venting hole may be formed that communicates with and communicates with the second gas channel.
- the upper pack housing may include a lower plate frame in which the gas inlet is formed, and an upper plate frame coupled to the lower plate to form a first gas channel between the lower plate and the lower plate.
- the upper pack housing may be composed of a hollow structure with a first gas channel formed therein, and a plurality of gas inlets communicating with the first gas channel may be formed on the lower surface.
- the side wall frame has a hollow structure with a second gas channel formed therein, and at least one gas outlet may be formed along the outer wall of the side wall frame.
- the first gas channel and the second gas channel may be oriented in different directions.
- the upper pack housing and the side wall frame may be made of different materials, and the material of the upper pack housing may have higher heat resistance than the material of the side wall frame.
- each battery assembly may be installed on the bottom of the lower pack housing, and the side wall frame may be coupled along the perimeter of the bottom.
- the partition wall may have a height equal to or higher than the height of the battery assembly.
- the distance between neighboring partition walls may be smaller than the width of each battery assembly.
- the battery assemblies are arranged in two or more rows between adjacent partition walls along the extension direction of the partition walls, and two or more partition walls are installed at a predetermined distance in the arrangement direction of the battery assemblies corresponding to the number of rows of the battery assemblies. It may further include a center frame extending perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery assembly and installed at a predetermined interval between the partition walls.
- the battery pack includes: a gasket coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frame of the lower pack housing and the partition wall to isolate each battery assembly accommodated in the lower pack housing together with the partition wall; It may further include.
- the gas inlets may be formed on lower surfaces of the upper pack housings located on top of each isolated battery assembly.
- the lower pack housing is an assembly of a plurality of unit frames each having a partition wall and a base plate extending in one direction from the bottom of the partition wall, wherein the bottom end of the partition wall of the base plate of one unit frame is connected to the base plate of the next unit frame.
- a unit frame assembly in which the unit frames are combined in a row along a lateral direction by sequentially combining one-sided extending ends; And it may include a side wall frame coupled along the perimeter of the unit frame assembly.
- the present invention by implementing a cell-to-pack structure that directly accommodates battery cells without a module housing, processes and costs associated with producing and assembling module parts can be eliminated.
- the assembly tolerance required for module installation can be eliminated, the space within the pack in the height direction can be made more compact, and the weight of the battery pack can be reduced, thereby further improving the energy density occupied by the same battery pack space.
- the size and area of the battery pack can be freely changed by increasing or decreasing the assembled number of unit frames that can be used as common parts. Therefore, the size of the battery pack can be changed according to the required specifications, greatly improving the design freedom of the battery pack.
- the unit production cost of parts can be reduced by converting the unit frame into a standard part or a shared part.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a typical battery module.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional battery pack.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional battery pack structure.
- Figure 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly accommodated in the battery pack of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the pack housing of the battery pack of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 4.
- Figure 9 is a schematic diagram comparing a conventional battery pack and the battery pack of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a perspective view of the battery pack of Figure 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 10.
- Figure 13 is a partial exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the pack housing of the battery pack of FIG. 13.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly process of the unit frame assembly, which is a component of the battery pack of FIG. 13.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 13.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a typical battery module
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional battery pack
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conventional battery pack structure.
- a typical battery module 10 is provided with a module housing (12: 12A, 12B) that accommodates a plurality of battery cells 11, and a front end plate that covers the front and rear ends of the module housing. (13) and a rear end plate (14). Additionally, a heat transfer member 1 made of a thermally conductive adhesive is positioned between the battery cell and the module housing (see FIG. 3).
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show a plurality of battery modules 10 installed in the pack housing 21 of the battery pack 20.
- Each battery module 10 is installed between partition walls 22 provided on the base plate 23 of the pack housing 21.
- a heat transfer member 1' made of a thermally conductive adhesive or the like is additionally disposed between the battery module and the base plate 23 on which the module is mounted, and a cooling plate 24 is disposed below the base plate 23. do.
- FIG. 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack of an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly accommodated in the battery pack of the present invention
- Figure 6 is an exploded view of the pack housing of the battery pack of Figure 4
- Figure 7 and FIG. 8 is a perspective view and cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 4.
- directions such as front, back, left, right, up, and down may vary depending on the location of the observer or the arrangement of the object. However, in this specification, for convenience of explanation, directions such as front, back, left, right, up, and down are indicated separately based on the view from the direction of arrow F in FIG. 4.
- a battery pack includes a plurality of battery assemblies; a lower pack housing with an open upper surface accommodating the plurality of battery assemblies; and an upper pack housing coupled to the open upper surface of the lower pack housing, wherein the upper pack housing includes a gas inlet through which gas generated within the battery pack is introduced and a first gas channel communicating with the gas inlet.
- the lower pack housing includes a side wall frame having a second gas channel in communication with the first gas channel and a gas outlet in communication with the second gas channel to discharge the gas to the outside of the battery pack.
- a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of battery assemblies, a lower pack housing, and an upper pack housing.
- the battery assembly may include a plurality of battery cells.
- the battery cells can be classified into pouch-type battery cells and can-type battery cells depending on the shape of the case.
- Can-type battery cells may include cylindrical battery cells and prismatic battery cells.
- each of the battery cells includes an electrode assembly built into the battery case.
- the electrode assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode.
- Electrode assemblies can be classified into jelly-roll type and stack type depending on the assembly type.
- a jelly-roll type electrode assembly is made by winding an anode, a cathode, and a separator sandwiched between them.
- a stack-type electrode assembly is one that sequentially stacks an anode, a separator, and a cathode.
- the battery assembly may be a battery module 10 having a module housing accommodating a plurality of battery cells as shown in FIG. 1 .
- the battery module may have a portion of the module housing accommodating the battery cell removed.
- a battery module having a module housing in which the upper housing 12A is removed or the bottom of the lower housing 12B is removed can also be a battery assembly of the present invention.
- a battery cell stack in which the module housing itself surrounding the top, bottom, left, and right sides of a plurality of battery cells is removed can also be a battery assembly.
- a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells 110 are stacked that is, a cell stack unit unit 100 is used as the battery assembly.
- the cell stack unit unit 100 may be configured by stacking a plurality of battery cells 110.
- the battery cells 110 are stacked so that their sides are in contact with each other, and the sides of neighboring battery cells 110 can be fixed to each other using double-sided tape.
- a plurality of stacked battery cells 110 may be wrapped, for example, with a band 111 made of synthetic resin to form one battery assembly.
- the cell stack unit unit 100 may be configured to be stacked in the left-right direction (or horizontal direction), as shown in FIG. 4 . However, if necessary, it is also possible to configure the battery cells 110 to be stacked in the vertical direction (height direction).
- a bus bar assembly 120 may be coupled to the electrode leads at the front and rear ends of the cell stack unit unit 100.
- the bus bar assembly 120 may include a bus bar 121 that electrically connects battery cells or a terminal bus bar 122 that can be connected to an external power source.
- the number of battery cells 110 stacked in one cell stack unit 100 may be, for example, 2, 4, 6, or 8, but is not limited thereto.
- the cell stack unit unit 100 may include at least one buffer pad 130 between stacked battery cells 110 (see FIG. 5(b)).
- the buffer pad is used to absorb expansion of the battery cell 110 due to a swelling phenomenon.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to configure the battery assembly with, for example, a can-type battery cell.
- the plurality of battery assemblies (eg, cell stack unit units 100) are accommodated in the lower pack housing 200 with an open upper surface.
- the upper pack housing 300 is coupled to the open upper surface of the lower pack housing 200.
- the upper pack housing 300 may be a pack cover assembly in which a pack cover and accompanying parts are combined.
- the upper pack housing 300 may be formed in a flat shape. However, in order to form a space on the battery assembly, a portion corresponding to the battery assembly may protrude convexly and its inner surface may have a concave shape.
- the upper pack housing 300 of the present invention is provided with a gas inlet 321 and a gas channel communicating with the gas inlet 321 in order to discharge gas generated within the battery pack to the outside.
- High-temperature gas generated within the battery pack 1000 rises from the battery assemblies and mainly collects in the space of the lower pack housing 200 and the upper pack housing 300.
- the side wall frames constituting the lower pack housing 200 are made of a material with relatively low heat resistance, such as aluminum, in order to reduce weight. Therefore, if this high-temperature gas is discharged directly through the side wall frame, the side wall frame may partially soften or melt and the structure of the lower pack housing 200 may be damaged.
- the upper pack housing 300 is made of a material that is relatively strong and has high heat resistance, such as steel, to protect the battery pack. Therefore, the upper pack housing 300 generally has higher heat resistance than the lower pack housing 200.
- the upper pack housing 300 which has high heat resistance, is provided with a gas channel for discharging high temperature gas. Additionally, if a gas channel is formed in the upper pack housing, gas collected in the space between the upper pack housing 300 and the lower pack housing 200 can be directly introduced into the upper pack housing 300. That is, since high-temperature gas is quickly introduced into the upper pack housing 300 without remaining in the battery pack for a long time, the propagation of heat to other battery cells or battery assemblies can be delayed and the temperature rise within the battery pack can be slowed. In addition, since high-temperature gas has a strong tendency to rise, considering the flow tendency of the gas, it is better to first vent the gas through the gas channel of the upper pack housing 300 rather than venting the gas through the lower pack housing 200. There is an advantage to this.
- the gas introduced into the gas inlet 321 of the upper pack housing 300 moves to the lower pack housing 200 through the gas channel and is discharged to the outside through the gas channel provided in the lower pack housing 200.
- the gas channel of the upper pack housing 300 will be referred to as a first gas channel (H1)
- the gas channel of the side wall frame will be referred to as a second gas channel (H2).
- a plurality of gas inlets 321 are formed on the lower surface of the upper pack housing 300.
- at least one gas inlet 321, preferably one for each battery assembly it is recommended to install at least one gas inlet 321, preferably one for each battery assembly.
- the position of the gas inlet 321 is provided at a position corresponding to the position of the battery assembly accommodated in the lower pack housing 200, the gas generated from each battery assembly can be easily vented.
- the gas inlet 321 may be formed at an upper portion corresponding to the electrode lead of the battery cell 110 included in the battery assembly.
- the upper pack housing 300 may be manufactured as a hollow structure with a first gas channel H1 formed therein.
- the gas inlet 321 formed on the lower surface may communicate with the hollow first gas channel (H1).
- Figure 8 shows an example of such an upper pack housing 300.
- the upper pack housing 300 includes a lower plate frame 320 on which a gas inlet 321 is formed, and an upper plate frame coupled to the lower plate to form a first gas channel (H1) between the lower plate and the lower plate. Includes (310).
- a side plate frame may be provided between the upper plate frame 310 and the lower plate frame 320.
- it is also possible to form the parts corresponding to the two side plates by extending downward from both sides of the upper plate frame, or by extending upward from both sides of the lower plate frame.
- Venting holes (first venting holes 320a) that communicate with the channels H2 may be formed.
- the upper pack housing 300 is coupled to cover the open upper surface of the lower pack housing 200, that is, the upper surface of the edge portion (upper surface of the side wall frame 230) of the lower pack housing 200. Accordingly, the first venting hole 320a is also formed on the lower surface of the edge of the upper pack housing 300 corresponding to the upper surface of the side wall frame 230.
- the arrangement direction of the first gas channel (H1) and the location and number of first venting holes (320a) depend on the location and number of the second gas channel (H2) and second venting holes (231a and 232a), which will be described later. It is decided.
- the first gas channel H1 extends toward the side wall frame in which the second gas channel H2 is formed, and the first venting hole 320a is also formed.
- the second gas channel (H2) may be formed on the lower surface of the upper pack housing 300 in contact with the upper surface of the formed side wall frame 230.
- the first venting hole 320a can be formed at any position on the lower surface of the edge of the upper pack housing 300 in contact with the side wall frame 230 on all sides.
- a first venting hole 320a symmetrically communicates with the second gas channel (H2) on the lower surfaces of both sides of the lower pack housing 200 that communicates with the first gas channel (H1). ) is better to form. Accordingly, the gas can move to both sides along the first gas channel (H1) of the upper pack housing 300 and be simultaneously discharged through the second gas channels (H2) of the side wall frames on both sides that communicate with it.
- the lower pack housing 200 of this embodiment includes a base plate 220, which is a bottom part on which battery assemblies (e.g., battery modules 10 or cell stack unit units 100) are mounted, and the base It is provided with side wall frames 230 installed along the edge of the plate 220, and is formed as a whole into a box shape with an open top.
- battery assemblies e.g., battery modules 10 or cell stack unit units 100
- the side wall frames 230 include a front frame 231 and a rear frame 232 that cover the front and rear of the battery assembly, and a first side frame 233 and a second frame that cover the left and right sides of the battery assembly. It may be composed of 2 side frames 234.
- the base plate 220 may have a plate shape extending in the horizontal direction.
- the horizontal direction means the direction of the plane of the flat ground.
- the base plate 220 may be made of a metal material with excellent mechanical rigidity.
- a front frame 231, a rear frame 232, and first and second side frames 233 and 234 are respectively coupled to the base plate 220.
- the joining method may be, for example, friction stir welding.
- the front frame 231 extends long in the left and right directions and may be erected in the height direction.
- the front frame 231 may include a front cover extending in the height direction and a front plate portion protruding forward from the lower part of the front cover.
- the front plate portion may be fixedly coupled to a structure such as a vehicle.
- the first and second side frames 233 and 234 may have a shape extending long in the front and rear directions.
- the side frame consists of a first side frame 233 covering the left side of the battery assembly and a second side frame 234 covering the right side.
- the first and second side frames are configured in a flat shape.
- the side frames are composed of two parts: a flat plate portion (side cover portion) extending in the height direction and a flat plate portion protruding in the left and right directions (left plate portion, right plate portion). It can be configured as:
- the base plate 220 and/or the side wall frames 230 can be manufactured into a hollow frame by extruding a metal material such as aluminum to form an empty space inside.
- a metal material such as aluminum
- the weight of the battery pack can be reduced and energy efficiency can be increased.
- the mechanical rigidity of the frames can be maintained at a reliable level.
- the side wall frame 230 may be formed as a hollow frame with a gas channel formed therein. That is, a second gas channel (H1) is formed inside at least one of the front frame 231, rear frame 232, and first and second side frames 233 and 234 that constitute the side wall frame. As described above, the second gas channel communicates with the first gas channel H1 provided in the upper pack housing 300. Since the second gas channel (H2) communicates with the first gas channel (H1), the location of the second gas channel (H2) may also be determined depending on the location of the first gas channel (H1).
- a second gas channel (H1) is formed inside at least one of the front frame 231, rear frame 232, and first and second side frames 233 and 234 that constitute the side wall frame.
- the second gas channel communicates with the first gas channel H1 provided in the upper pack housing 300. Since the second gas channel (H2) communicates with the first gas channel (H1), the location of the second gas channel (H2) may also be determined depending on the location of the first gas channel (H1).
- a second gas channel (H2) may be formed.
- second venting holes 231a and 232a which communicate with the first venting hole 320a and communicate with the second gas channel H2, are formed on the front frame 231 and the rear frame 232.
- first gas channel (H1) extends in the left and right directions and the first venting hole (320a) is formed on the lower surface of the edge of the upper pack housing 300 at both ends in the left and right directions
- first side frame extends in the front and rear directions.
- a second gas channel (H2) may be formed in (233) and the second side frame 233.
- the second gas channel (H2) in the side wall frame that is not in direct communication with the first gas channel (H1) through the first venting hole (320a) and the second venting hole (231a).
- the side wall frames 230 on all four sides have second gas channels H2 therein. That is, if the second gas channels (H2) provided in the side wall frame 230 on all sides are in communication along the circumferential direction of the battery pack, the gas discharged from the first gas channel (H1) flows into the first and second gas channels (H1).
- a predetermined communication passage may be provided at the coupling portion of the opposing side wall frames so that the second gas channels (H2) of the neighboring side wall frames can communicate with each other.
- the high-temperature gas is not directed directly to the side wall frame 230, which has weak heat resistance, but is first directed to the upper pack housing 300, which has strong heat resistance, thereby preventing damage to the side wall frame.
- the first gas channel (H1) and the second gas channel (H2) may be oriented in different directions.
- the first gas channel (H1) and the second gas channel (H2) may be oriented perpendicular to each other.
- the high-temperature gas flowing in the front-back direction through the first gas channel (H1) extending in the front-back direction flows through the second gas channel (H2) extending in the left-right direction through the first venting hole and the second venting hole. If it flows left and right through it, the gas venting path may become longer.
- the side wall frame 230 is provided with a gas outlet communicating with the second gas channel (H2).
- At least one gas outlet may be formed along the outer wall of the side wall frame 230.
- the location of the gas outlet is also important. That is, if the gas outlet is placed far from the first and second venting holes, the gas introduced into the second gas channel (H2) through the second venting hole (231a) sufficiently flows through the second gas channel (H2). It can later be discharged through the gas outlet. Additionally, by forming multiple gas outlets, gas can be discharged out of the battery pack more quickly. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, if gas outlets are formed on the outer walls located on both sides of the second gas channel (H2), the gas introduced from the upper pack housing 300 to the side wall frame 230 is quickly discharged through the gas outlets on both sides. It may be discharged to the outside.
- venting mechanism parts V1 and V2 including a gas sealing member that is deformed above a predetermined pressure and/or temperature and opens the gas outlet to the outside may be installed at the gas outlet.
- the venting mechanism parts (V1, V2) may be provided with a venting cap to prevent gas leakage at the gas outlet.
- a gas sealing member may be installed at the gas outlet or within the venting cap.
- the gas sealing member for example, is a sheet-shaped member that is deformed above a predetermined pressure and/or temperature to open the gas outlet to the outside.
- the gas sealing member may be a rupture sheet configured to rupture when the pressure of the venting gas exceeds a certain pressure.
- the sheet member may melt above a predetermined temperature and open the gas outlet.
- the sheet member may be made of a film or foam material that is vulnerable to high temperatures.
- the gas inside the battery pack flowing into the first gas channel (H1) in the upper pack housing 300 flows into the second gas channel formed in the front frame 231, which is the side wall frame of the lower pack housing 200. It is disclosed that venting is performed through a venting mechanism (V1) installed on one side of the front frame through (H2). Since the first and second gas channels H1 and H2 are oriented perpendicularly to each other, it can be seen that the venting path is effectively increased within the same battery pack area. Additionally, since the high-temperature venting gas does not go directly to the side wall frame 230, the side wall frame can be protected and the temperature or pressure of the gas can be lowered during a long gas flow process.
- V1 venting mechanism
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' of FIG. 4, showing the gas venting path in more detail. That is, the gas generated from the battery assembly is introduced into the gas inlet 321 of the upper pack housing 300 and flows through the first gas channel (H1) - first venting hole (320a) - second venting hole (231a) - second gas. It is clearly shown that it flows into the channel (H2) and is finally discharged through the gas outlet (venting mechanism parts (V1, V2)).
- FIG. 9 is a simplified contrast diagram between the conventional battery pack structure and the battery pack structure of the present invention.
- a heat transfer member (R) may be provided on the bottom surface of the battery assemblies 10 and 100 and the lower pack housing 200. That is, a heat transfer member (R) may be provided on the base plate 220 forming the bottom of the lower pack housing 200. In order to ensure good heat transfer, this heat transfer member may include at least some of heat conductive grease, heat conductive adhesive, heat conductive epoxy, and heat dissipation pad, but is not limited thereto.
- the heat transfer member (R) serves to fix the lower surface of the battery assembly (10, 100) to the base plate (220), so it can be configured to have an adhesive force of a certain level or more. By the heat transfer member, heat is easily transferred to the base plate 220 provided with a cooling passage, so that heat dissipation of the battery pack can be effectively achieved.
- the lower pack housing 200 may have a cooling passage f built into the bottom portion that is in direct contact with the battery assembly. That is, the base plate 220 may have a cooling passage f therein (see FIG. 12).
- a space may be formed inside the base plate 220 according to the direction in which the extruded member moves.
- the internal space may be divided into a plurality of hollow channels by a partition wall.
- a separate cooling passage may be installed in at least one of these hollow channels, or the hollow channel itself may be used as a cooling passage.
- the present invention can effectively cool the battery assembly by flowing cooling fluid through the cooling passage f extending along the base plate 220. Additionally, since the base plate 220 has an integrated cooling structure, there is no need to install a separate cooling plate on the base plate 220 as in the past. As a result, the height of the battery pack can be reduced to make the battery pack more compact.
- the front frame 231 and the rear frame 232 may each be provided with a cooling passage communicating with the cooling passage of the base plate.
- one of the front frame 231 and the rear frame 232 may be provided with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet communicating with the cooling passage.
- a refrigerant inlet may be formed in one of the front frame and the rear frame, and a refrigerant outlet may be formed in the other frame.
- the battery pack of the present invention can design various cooling paths leading to the cooling path of the front frame 231, the cooling path of the base plate 220, and the cooling path of the rear frame 232.
- a plurality of partition walls disposed between each battery assembly may be installed on the bottom of the lower pack housing 200.
- a plurality of partition walls 210 are installed on the base plate 220, which is the bottom, and the side wall frame 230 is coupled along the circumference of the base plate 220.
- the partition wall 210 extends along the front and rear directions of the battery pack, but is not limited thereto and may extend in the left and right directions.
- the battery assembly is disposed between the partition walls 210. That is, the partition walls 210 are respectively disposed between neighboring battery assemblies. Accordingly, each battery assembly is partitioned and isolated by the partition wall 210 in the left and right directions.
- the partition wall 210 may be fastened to the base plate 220 by a fastening member or may be coupled to the base plate 220 by welding, etc.
- the partition wall 210 may be made of a metal material such as aluminum in order to sufficiently support the side of the battery assembly. In this case, the weight of the partition wall 210 can be reduced by manufacturing the partition wall 210 in a hollow structure through extrusion processing, etc.
- the material of the partition wall 210 is not limited to metal material, and may be made of synthetic resin material if rigidity can be secured. However, considering a situation in which high-temperature gas or thermal runaway occurs due to ignition of the battery cell 110, it may be desirable to form it from a metal material such as aluminum, steel, or stainless steel in terms of heat resistance.
- the height of the partition wall 210 is formed to be at least equal to or higher than the height of the battery assembly to isolate neighboring battery assemblies.
- the battery assembly may be accommodated in the lower pack housing 200 while being in close contact with the side of the partition wall 210.
- the distance between neighboring partition walls 210 may be made smaller than the width of each battery assembly.
- the battery assembly in order to accommodate each battery assembly between the partition walls 210, the battery assembly must be compressed in the width direction (battery cell stacking direction) and inserted between the neighboring partition walls 210.
- the cell stack unit 100 may include a buffer pad 130 to absorb expansion of the battery cell 110 due to a swelling phenomenon. Therefore, when the cell stack unit unit 100 is compressed in the width direction, the cell stack unit unit 100 can be easily compressed by compressing the buffer pad.
- a cell stack unit when applied, it has a so-called cell-to-pack structure in which battery cells are directly accommodated in the pack housing without a module housing, thereby eliminating processes and costs associated with producing and assembling module parts.
- the assembly tolerance required for module installation can be eliminated, the space within the pack in the height direction can be made more compact, and the weight of the battery pack can be reduced, so the energy density occupied by the same battery pack space can be further improved.
- the battery cell 110 when the battery cell 110 is accommodated in a battery pack, there is no need to provide an assembly tolerance (G) required when using a conventional battery module.
- the cell stack unit unit 100 can be compressed and inserted between opposing partition walls 210. Accordingly, the space of the battery pack can be saved in the left and right directions, and more battery cells 110 can be installed in the same space, thereby improving energy density.
- the partition walls 210 are arranged to extend long in the front-back direction (X direction), and the battery assembly is arranged to extend long in the longitudinal direction between the partition walls 210.
- the partition walls 210 are arranged in parallel rows in the left and right direction (Y direction) of the battery pack, and accordingly, the battery assembly is also arranged in rows along the left and right directions between neighboring partition walls 210. are built and arranged.
- the battery assemblies may be arranged in two or more rows along the extending direction of the partition walls 210 between neighboring partition walls 210.
- the battery assemblies are arranged in two rows along the extension direction (front-back direction) of the partition wall 210, but the battery assemblies are not limited to this and may be arranged in three, four or more rows.
- the number of battery assemblies required may be limited.
- two or more partition walls 210 may be installed at a predetermined distance in the arrangement direction of the battery assemblies corresponding to the number of rows of the battery assemblies 100 .
- the partition walls 210 are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined distance in the front-to-back direction. Firstly, this is to avoid interference with each other by dividing the battery assemblies in the front and rear rows. Second, it is to install a reinforcing member capable of reinforcing the structural rigidity of the battery pack in the gap between the spaced apart partition walls 210.
- the center frame 250 as a reinforcing member is installed to extend perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the battery assembly. Specifically, a center frame 250 is installed in the gap between the partition walls 210.
- the battery assembly (cell stack unit 100) has a cell-to-pack structure in which the battery assembly (cell stack unit 100) is directly installed closely between the partition walls 210 of the lower pack housing 200, so that the battery module
- the disadvantages of installing it in a battery pack can be overcome.
- the high-temperature gas in the battery pack can be quickly discharged to the outside through the gas channels of the upper pack housing 300 and the lower pack housing 200, high-temperature gas or flame within the battery pack is not transmitted to the adjacent battery assembly. It can delay spread. Accordingly, the safety of the battery pack is significantly improved.
- some spaces of the battery pack may accommodate electrical equipment assemblies (not shown) without installing the battery assembly.
- the electrical assembly can accommodate relay devices, current sensors, fuses, BMS, and MSD (Manual Service Disconnector). These electrical equipment assemblies can be packaged within the battery pack together with the battery assembly so that they are not exposed to the outside.
- FIG. 10 is a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the battery pack of FIG. 10 of the present invention
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 10.
- the battery pack 2000 of this embodiment is coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frame 230 of the lower pack housing 200 and the partition wall 210, and each battery assembly accommodated in the lower pack housing 200 is configured as described above. It further includes a gasket 400 that is insulated together with the partition wall 210.
- a gasket 400 is installed between the upper pack housing 300 and the lower pack housing 200.
- the gasket 400 may include an outer frame 410 and a plurality of isolation frames 420 extending in parallel inside the outer frame 410.
- the outer frame 410 forms a peripheral portion of the gasket 400, and when the gasket 400 is coupled to the lower pack housing 200, it is coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frame 230 of the lower pack housing 200. This is the part that works. That is, the outer frame 410 is coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frames (front and rear frames 231 and 232, first and second side frames 233 and 234) of the lower pack housing 200. As the outer frame 410 is coupled to the upper surfaces of the side wall frames and the upper pack housing 300 is coupled to the upper part of the gasket 400, the peripheral portion of the battery pack can be airtightly sealed.
- a through passage 411 can be formed in a portion of the outer frame 410 of the gasket 400. That is, a through passage 411 communicating with the first and second venting holes may be formed in a joint portion of the outer frame facing the first venting hole 320a and the second venting hole 231a. Accordingly, sealing by the gasket 400 can be achieved without disturbing the gas flow.
- the isolation frame 420 is for isolating each battery assembly (eg, cell stack unit unit 100) accommodated between the partition walls 210.
- each battery assembly eg, cell stack unit unit 100
- the plurality of battery assemblies are not completely and airtightly sealed from each other while allowing air to pass through.
- a space is formed between the upper pack housing 300 and the partition wall 210 to allow installation of mechanical parts installed on the inner surface of the upper pack housing 300 or cables necessary for electrical connection.
- a certain volume of free space is provided so that gas generated from the battery cell 110 can be discharged. For this reason, each battery assembly is isolated on the left and right by the partition wall 210, but venting gas can be distributed through the upper space of the battery assembly.
- the isolation frame 420 is intended to delay or prevent this.
- the isolation frame 320 is installed to extend parallel to the partition wall 210 inside the outer frame. Therefore, when the gasket 400 is coupled to the upper surface of the lower pack housing 200, the isolation frame is coupled to the upper surface of the partition wall 210 to completely isolate the neighboring battery assemblies together with the partition wall 210. can do. However, since a space is formed between the isolation frames, the gasket 400 alone cannot spatially seal the battery assembly completely. For complete sealing, it is necessary to install the upper pack housing 300 on the gasket 400.
- battery assemblies eg, cell stack unit units 100
- a partition wall 210 the outer frame 410 of the gasket 400 is coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frame 231 of the lower pack housing 200
- the isolation frame 420 is coupled to the upper surface of the partition wall 210, It can be seen that each battery assembly is clearly isolated in the height direction.
- the upper pack housing 300 covers the gasket 400 and is coupled to the lower pack housing 200, thereby sealing each battery assembly.
- Neighboring battery assemblies are blocked (sealed) by the partition wall 210, the isolation frame 420, and the upper pack housing 300, thereby preventing the spread of high-temperature venting gas or flame between battery assemblies.
- sealing of the battery pack can be achieved by installing the gasket 400 that isolates the battery assemblies together with the partition wall 210 between the upper and lower pack housings 200.
- the gas inlet 321 of the upper pack housing 300 may be formed on the lower surface of the upper pack housing 300 located on the upper part of each isolated battery assembly. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, when a gas inlet 321 is formed on the lower surface of the upper pack housing 300 located at the upper part opposite to each battery assembly, the gas generated from each battery assembly flows toward the gas inlet 321. It is discharged to the top. However, as described above, each battery assembly is blocked in the left and right directions by the partition wall 210 and the gasket 400, so the gas cannot flow into the space where the neighboring battery assembly is accommodated. Therefore, even when ignition occurs in one battery assembly and gas is generated, the gas can be prevented from spreading to adjacent battery assemblies. Additionally, gas can be quickly discharged upward from the ignited battery assembly.
- Each gas inlet 321 is quickly discharged to the outside through the first gas channel H1 of the upper pack housing 300 and the second gas channel H2 of the side wall frame communicating therewith.
- the gas inlet 321 may be formed on the lower surface of the upper pack housing 300 opposite to the upper surface of each battery assembly, so as to correspond to each battery assembly. That is, a dedicated gas inlet 321 can be formed for each battery assembly.
- a dedicated gas inlet 321 can be formed for each battery assembly.
- at least one gas inlet 321 can be formed per accommodation space of battery assemblies (battery modules 10 or cell stack unit units 100) isolated by the partition wall 210. .
- Figure 13 is a partial exploded perspective view of a battery pack of another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 14 is an exploded view of the pack housing of the battery pack of Figure 13
- Figure 15 is a joining process of the unit frame assembly, which is a component of the battery pack of Figure 13. It is a schematic diagram showing
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas venting path according to the battery pack of FIG. 13.
- the battery pack 3000 of this embodiment is different from the preceding embodiment in the configuration of the lower pack housing 200'.
- the lower pack housing 200' includes a unit frame assembly A, and the unit. It includes a side wall frame 230 coupled along the circumference of the frame assembly (A).
- the unit frame T includes a partition wall 210' extending in the height direction, and a partition wall 210' extending in one direction (one of the left and right directions) from the bottom of the partition wall 210'.
- a base plate (220') is provided.
- the base plates of the unit frames (T) are sequentially combined in a row along one direction to form the unit frame assembly (A). That is, the lower end 220b' of the partition 210' of the base plate 220' of one unit frame (T) is sequentially coupled to the lateral extending end 220a' of the base plate of the subsequent unit frame.
- the unit frames (T) are combined in a row along the lateral direction (left and right directions) to form the unit frame assembly (A).
- the base plate 220' supports the lower surface of each battery assembly. Accordingly, the combined base plates form the base plate 220 like a conventional battery pack. If the number of unit frames (T) combined is increased or decreased, the unit frame assembly (A) may become larger or smaller in the lateral direction. In other words, the floor area of the battery pack comprised by the base plates can be changed as needed.
- the partition wall 210' of the unit frame T has the same function as the partition wall 210 of the first and second embodiments. That is, by sequentially combining the unit frames T in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 15, the partition walls 210' of neighboring unit frames T are arranged to face each other. Each battery assembly 100 can be placed in the space between the opposing partition walls 210'. Accordingly, by sequentially combining the unit frames T in the lateral direction, the area of the floor on which the battery assembly 100 is placed increases, and the number of partitions dividing the battery assembly can also naturally be increased.
- the partition wall 210' of the unit frame T on the extreme end of the unit frame assembly may serve as a side frame of the battery pack without partitioning neighboring battery assemblies.
- the size of the battery pack can be adjusted to meet various requirements by combining the unit frames (T) laterally in different numbers, like Lego blocks. Accordingly, the electric capacity of the battery pack can be freely adjusted to meet the required performance. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the design freedom of the battery pack can be significantly increased.
- each battery assembly in which battery cells are stacked has a certain width in the cell stacking direction (parallel to the left and right directions) and extends long in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the front and back directions) to have a certain length.
- Each of the battery assemblies is accommodated in a space between neighboring partition walls 210' of the unit frame assembly (A).
- the lower surface of each battery assembly is supported on the base plate of each unit frame (T), and both sides of the battery assembly in the width direction are supported on opposing partition walls 210 of neighboring unit frames (T).
- the unit frame T extends to a certain length along the front-to-back direction. That is, the partition 210' and the base plate extend along the front-to-back direction.
- the front-to-back length of the partition wall 210 and the base plate is determined to sufficiently accommodate the front-to-back length of the cell stack extension unit 10 (i.e., battery assembly). That is, the front-to-back length of the unit frame T is determined according to the length of the battery cells 110 constituting the cell stack extension unit.
- the partition wall 210' and the base plate 220' can be manufactured by integrally molding.
- the unit frame T can be manufactured as a hollow frame by extruding a metal material such as aluminum to form an empty space inside. By configuring the unit frames (T) in this way to be hollow, the weight of the battery pack can be reduced and energy efficiency can be increased.
- the hollow space formed in the unit frame T can also be used as a passage for cooling fluid to pass through or as a venting channel for venting gas generated within the battery pack.
- the unit frames T may be joined to each other by welding, such as friction stir welding.
- a step portion of a shape matching the shape of the front end of the base plate 220' of the unit frame T that follows the lower end of the partition wall 210 of the base plate of the unit frame T may be formed.
- a step is provided at the lower end 220b' of the partition 210' of the base plate (or the lower end of the partition 210 connected to the end of the base plate).
- the shape of this step is designed to engage with the shape of the front end of the base plate of the subsequent unit frame. Accordingly, the bonding strength of the unit frame T can be increased by combining laterally neighboring base plates so as to engage each other at the step portion.
- the coupling surface of the step portion and the base plate can support the load of the partition wall 210' of the unit frame T and the battery assembly in the height direction, the load of the battery assembly can be appropriately distributed. There is.
- the batteries are arranged in two rows between the battery assembly and the opposing partition wall 210' along the extending direction of the partition wall 210'.
- the unit frame (T) also extends long in the front and rear directions.
- each unit frame (T) includes two or more partition walls 210' positioned in a row at a predetermined interval along the front-to-back direction, extends in one direction from the bottom of each partition 210', and also has front and rear It has one base portion 220' extending long along the port.
- the partition walls 210' are formed in a row along the base plate 220' in the front-to-back direction and can support the battery assemblies in each row.
- the battery assemblies may be arranged in three or more rows in the front-to-back direction, and the partition walls 210' of the unit frame T may be correspondingly arranged in three or more rows in the front-to-back direction.
- one side of the unit frames arranged at the front, rear, and leading edge of the unit frame assembly (A) is open. do.
- the side wall frames 230 are combined along the perimeter of the unit frame assembly A to form the lower pack housing 200'.
- the side wall frame 230 includes a front frame 231 coupled to the front end of the unit frame assembly A, a rear frame 232 coupled to the rear end of the unit frame assembly A, and a left and right frame coupled to the unit frame assembly A. It may be composed of first and second side frames 233 and 234.
- the front frame 231 may include a front cover part extending in the height direction and a front plate part protruding forward from the lower part of the front cover part.
- the rear frame 232 may also include a rear cover extending in the height direction and a rear plate portion protruding rearward from the lower part of the rear cover.
- the height of the front cover part and the rear cover part may be the same as the height of the partition wall 210 of the unit frame.
- the first and second side frames, the front frame 231, and the rear frame 232 can also be manufactured as hollow frames with a space inside. Thereby, the weight of the battery pack can be further reduced.
- the same gasket 400 as in the first embodiment may be provided.
- the gasket 400 is coupled to the upper surface of the side wall frame 230 of the lower pack housing 200' and the partition wall 210' of the unit frame assembly (A).
- the outer frame 410 of the gasket 400 constitutes the lower pack housing 200, the upper surface of the front frame 231, the upper surface of the rear frame 232, and the first and second side frames. It is bonded to the upper surface of (233,234).
- the isolation frame 420 of the gasket 400 is coupled to the partition wall 210' of the unit frame assembly (A).
- neighboring battery assemblies are completely isolated in the left and right directions based on the partition wall 210' and the isolation frame 420.
- the battery assemblies can be individually sealed by coupling the upper pack housing 300 to the open upper surface of the lower pack housing 200' via the gasket 400.
- the battery pack can be designed to be scalable by constructing the lower pack housing 200' using a unit frame. Additionally, by combining the gasket 400 on the unit frame assembly (A), each battery assembly can be sealed to prevent high-temperature gas and flame from spreading to adjacent battery assemblies. In addition, high-temperature gas can be quickly discharged to the outside through the gas inlet 321 and gas channels communicating with each battery assembly.
- the width of the outer frame 410 is formed to be smaller than the width of the lower surface of the side wall frame of the upper pack housing 300, and a first venting hole 320a is formed on the lower surface of the side wall frame not covered by the outer frame. ) is forming.
- the upper surface of the outer frame is prevented from covering the second venting hole 231a formed on the upper surface of the edge of the lower pack housing 200'. Accordingly, the first and second venting holes 320a and 231a of the upper pack housing 300 and the lower pack housing 200' are in communication so that gas can be discharged to the outside through the side wall frame.
- the width of the outer frame 410 is made small and the space between the upper and lower pack housings 300 and 200' is not completely blocked, there is no need to form a through passage 411 in the outer frame as shown in FIG. 12.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 복수개의 배터리 어셈블리들;상부면이 개방되고 상기 복수개의 배터리 어셈블리를 수용하는 하부 팩 하우징; 및상기 하부 팩 하우징의 개방된 상부면에 결합하는 상부 팩 하우징을 포함하고,상기 상부 팩 하우징은, 배터리 팩 내에서 발생하는 가스가 도입되는 가스 입구와 상기 가스 입구와 연통하는 제1 가스 채널을 구비하고,상기 하부 팩 하우징은, 상기 제1 가스 채널과 연통하는 제2 가스 채널과 상기 제2 가스 채널과 연통되어 배터리 팩 외부로 상기 가스를 배출하는 가스 출구를 구비한 측벽프레임을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 상부 팩 하우징의 테두리부가 상기 하부 팩 하우징의 측벽 프레임 상에 결합되고,상기 테두리부 하부에 상기 제1 가스 채널과 연통되는 제1 벤팅 홀이 형성되고,상기 측벽프레임 상부에 상기 제1 벤팅 홀과 연통되며 또한 상기 제2 가스 채널과 연통하는 제2 벤팅 홀이 형성되는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 상부 팩 하우징은, 상기 가스 입구가 형성된 하판 프레임과, 상기 하판 상에 결합되어 하판과의 사이에 제1 가스 채널을 형성하는 상판 프레임을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 상부 팩 하우징은, 내부에 제1 가스 채널이 형성된 중공구조로 구성되고, 하부면에 상기 제1 가스 채널과 연통하는 가스 입구가 복수개 형성되는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 측벽프레임은 내부에 제2 가스 채널이 형성된 중공형 구조이고,상기 가스 출구는 상기 측벽프레임의 외벽을 따라 적어도 1개 이상 형성되는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 가스 채널과 제2 가스 채널은 서로 상이한 방향으로 배향되는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 측벽 프레임의 가스 출구에는, 소정 압력 및/또는 소정 온도 이상에서 변형되어 상기 가스 출구를 외부로 개방하는 가스 밀봉부재를 포함하는 벤팅 기구부가 설치되는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 상부 팩 하우징과 측벽프레임은 상이한 재질로 구성되고, 상기 상부 팩 하우징의 재질이 상기 측벽프레임의 재질보다 내열성이 더 높은 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 하부 팩 하우징의 바닥부에 각각의 배터리 어셈블리 사이에 배치되는 복수개의 격벽이 설치되고,상기 측벽프레임은 상기 바닥부의 둘레를 따라 결합되는 배터리 팩.
- 제9항에 있어서,격벽은 상기 배터리 어셈블리 높이와 같거나 그보다 높은 높이를 가지는 배터리 팩.
- 제9항에 있어서,이웃하는 격벽 사이 거리는, 상기 각 배터리 어셈블리의 폭보다 작은 배터리 팩.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 배터리 어셈블리는 이웃하는 격벽 사이에서 상기 격벽의 연장방향을 따라 2열 이상 배열되고,상기 격벽은, 상기 배터리 어셈블리의 열의 개수에 대응하여 상기 배터리 어셈블리의 배열방향으로 소정간격 이격되어 2개 이상 설치되고,상기 배터리 어셈블리의 배열방향에 수직으로 연장되며 상기 격벽 사이의 소정 간격에 설치되는 센터프레임을 더 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 하부 팩 하우징의 측벽프레임 상부면과 상기 격벽 상에 결합되어 상기 하부 팩 하우징에 수용된 각각의 배터리 어셈블리를 상기 격벽과 함께 격리하는 가스켓; 을 더 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 가스 입구는, 각각 격리된 배터리 어셈블리의 상부에 위치한 상부 팩 하우징 하부면에 각각 형성되는 배터리 팩.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 하부 팩 하우징은,상기 격벽과 상기 격벽 하단으로부터 일측방향으로 연장되는 베이스판을 각각 가지는 복수개의 단위프레임의 어셈블리로서, 하나의 단위프레임의 베이스판의 격벽 하단측 단부가 후속 단위프레임 베이스판의 일측방향 연장 단부와 차례차례 결합하는 것에 의하여 상기 단위프레임이 측방향을 따라 일렬로 결합되어 이루어지는 단위프레임 어셈블리; 및상기 단위프레임 어셈블리의 둘레를 따라 결합되는 측벽프레임을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
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JP2024501223A JP2024527745A (ja) | 2022-06-27 | 2023-06-05 | バッテリーパック |
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- 2023-06-05 EP EP23831752.3A patent/EP4362197A1/en active Pending
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