WO2024002940A1

WO2024002940A1 - Decentralized window ventilation device

Info

Publication number: WO2024002940A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/067254
Authority: WO
Inventors: Magnus SPARRHOLM
Original assignee: Talkpool AG
Priority date: 2022-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-26
Publication date: 2024-01-04
Also published as: DE102022002364A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a window ventilation device (20) which is suitable for installation in a window frame (2) or a casement (1a) of a window. The window ventilation device (20) comprises a ventilation channel (4a), an electrical means for producing a flow of air (5), and a control unit (6). A regenerator (4b) is located in the ventilation channel (4a).

Description

Decentralized window ventilation device

Description

The invention relates to a decentralized window ventilation device, which comprises a ventilation duct, an electrical means for generating an air flow, a control unit and a regenerator. The window ventilation device is suitable for installation in a frame and/or a casement frame of a window.

In order to maintain a healthy indoor climate and at the same time save energy, ventilation systems are used. These enable a supply of fresh air in which particles, pollutants and odors are filtered out of the incoming fresh air and in which the exhaust air is used to recover energy.

Decentralized ventilation systems provide separate ventilation devices for each room. These are installed in external walls, window panes or window frames. They can be intended for new buildings as well as retrofitted in existing buildings.

[0004] From DE 10 2006 026 458 A1 a ventilation device is known which is suitable in the form of a slide-in cassette for installation in plastic windows or doors with standard multi-chamber hollow profile frames. Inlet and deflection elements equipped with fans are installed in a hollow profile frame. This is intended to divert the supply air from the outside of the building and the exhaust air from the inside of the building into separate channels formed from adjacent hollow chambers of the frame. After the air flows have completely flowed through the frame in the hollow chamber ducts, they should exit again at further deflection elements on the respective opposite side, i.e. the supply air on the inside of the building and the exhaust air on the outside of the building. Heat exchange should take place on the intermediate wall of the hollow chambers. Additional elements should be able to be accommodated, in particular filters and heat exchangers. The disadvantage is that the device is only suitable for standard multi-chamber hollow profile frames, the length of the flow channel depends on the size of the frame, the heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust air is not very efficient and other properties of the air, such as humidity, are not can be influenced specifically and efficiently.

[0005] A window system with active ventilation is known from DE 10 2012 101 983 A1. The window frame of the window includes at least one separate supply air duct and at least one separate exhaust air duct. The separate channels are coupled using a heat pipe. Capillaries are arranged in the heat pipe and it is filled with coolant. It also includes a first and a second heat transfer area. This is intended to enable heat exchange between the supply and exhaust air and increase the efficiency of the Heat exchange can be increased. The disadvantages are the high design effort and the use of coolants, which can leak and create further problems. In addition, there is no way to specifically and efficiently influence other properties of the air.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

This object is achieved by a window ventilation device, which is suitable for installation in a frame and/or a casement of a window and comprises a ventilation duct, an electrical means for generating an air flow, a control unit and a regenerator.

A window comprises a frame that is permanently mounted in a wall opening, usually a window sash that is movably installed in the window frame and supports the glazing, as well as fittings. Depending on the number of window sashes, a distinction is made between single-, double- and multi-sash windows. A window sash includes a sash frame, glazing and fittings. Depending on the type of opening, a window sash is referred to, for example, as a turn-hung sash, tilt-and-turn sash, folding sash, swing sash or reversible sash.

In the case of a window, particularly when installed, a distinction is made between the inside of the window and the outside of the window. The inside of the window usually refers to the side to which a window sash opens and/or to which the fittings are attached.

[0010] Ventilation duct refers to a pipe that is used to guide air and is open at its ends so that air can flow in, through and out of the pipe. A ventilation duct can be implemented as a recess or cavity in a frame or casement and/or made from separate parts, in particular made of aluminum, plastic and/or wood.

Supply air flow refers to an air flow through the ventilation duct from the outside of the window to the inside of the window. Exhaust air flow refers to an air flow through the ventilation duct from the inside of the window to the outside of the window.

Electrical means for generating an air flow refers to an electrically driven fan. A fan is an externally driven turbomachine that conveys air. It also has an axial or radial flow impeller, which usually rotates in a housing. A pressure ratio between 1 and 1.3 is achieved between the suction and pressure sides.

[0013] Control unit refers to a controller, microcontroller and/or circuit that is set up to control the direction and speed of the electrical means Generation of an air flow to influence the air flow generated, in particular by influencing the direction of rotation and / or speed of rotation of a fan and / or by moving air guide elements.

Regenerator refers to a body that includes a storage mass that can store and release thermal energy. The body is alternately flowed through by hot and cold air. The thermal energy is temporarily stored in the storage mass and later released into the subsequent air flow. A regenerator makes it possible to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

A regenerator requires only one ventilation duct and only one fan or rotor. By using a regenerator, the technical effort for production and the space required for installing a ventilation device can be reduced. In particular, it becomes possible to install or retrofit the ventilation device into a frame and/or a casement of a window with reduced effort and reduced space requirements. In particular, this helps ensure that the window ventilation device is suitable for a larger number of window types. In addition, due to the reduced space requirement, combination options with other components integrated in the frame are possible, which help to provide an improved ventilation device.

[0016] In addition, a regenerator enables improved energy recovery and moisture recovery. When outside temperatures are cold, the supply air flow can be warmed with the help of the exhaust air. When outside temperatures are hot, the supply air flow can be cooled using the exhaust air. A regenerator also enables moisture to be recovered from the air. When outside temperatures are cold, the supply air flow can be humidified using the moisture obtained from the exhaust air. When outside temperatures are hot, the moisture in the supply air flow can condense on the surface of the storage mass and be transported back outside with the help of the exhaust air.

From a duration of an air flow, which is particularly dependent on the dimensioning of the regenerator, a regenerator reaches its absorption capacity. A regenerator can then be operated without additional recovery of energy and/or moisture and can thus be used efficiently for heating, cooling, humidifying and/or dehumidifying. This means that the indoor climate can be regulated better and the technical effort required to create a good indoor climate can be reduced.

A regenerator can comprise a movable, in particular rotating, storage mass or can comprise a stationary, non-movable storage mass. In a preferred embodiment, the regenerator comprises a stationary storage mass. The use of a static storage mass helps to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device. In particular, it helps to reduce the space required to install a regenerator reduce the technical effort for producing, operating and maintaining a ventilation device and provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

A storage mass can in particular be made of metal, stone or ceramic. In a preferred embodiment, the storage mass comprises a porous ceramic body. Porous ceramics particularly increase the exchange surface, increase storage capacity and reduce space requirements. This enables installation in a larger number of window types and helps to reduce the technical effort required for installation, production and operation. This helps to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

Radial fan refers to a fan in which the air is sucked in radially to the axis of rotation of the fan impeller. Centrifugal fans can be designed with suction on both sides. The air flow can be deflected by 90° by rotating the impeller and blown out radially. In a preferred embodiment, the ventilation device comprises a centrifugal fan. This can in particular enable improved support of the flow requirements during air entry or air exit from the ventilation duct of the ventilation device according to the invention and help to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

Axial fan refers to a fan in which the axis of rotation of the fan impeller is arranged axially to the air flow. Axial fans can be designed with suction on both sides. In a preferred embodiment, the ventilation device comprises an axial fan. An axial fan can enable reduced space requirements and increased air throughput and can improve the flow through the ventilation duct, especially in the case of an air inlet or air outlet opening that is not arranged at right angles to the main part of the ventilation duct. This helps to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

A sash frame comprises two side sash frame pieces and an upper and a lower sash frame piece. A frame includes two side frame pieces as well as an upper and a lower frame piece. Sash frame pieces and frame pieces can be made in particular from wood, plastic or aluminum as well as combinations of the materials mentioned.

In a preferred embodiment, the external dimensions of the ventilation device are not greater than a length of 100 cm, preferably 80 cm, a width of 7 cm, preferably 6 cm and a depth of 7 cm, preferably 6 cm. This limitation of the dimensions of the ventilation device makes it suitable for installation in a single frame piece or single casement piece of a large number of window types. This also reduces the technical effort required to install and/or retrofit the Ventilation device in a window and improves the flow properties of the ventilation duct. Such dimensioning also allows very high efficiency of energy and moisture recovery. This helps to provide an improved decentralized window ventilation device.

In a preferred embodiment, a coarse filter, an EPA particulate matter filter, a HEPA particulate matter filter and/or an activated carbon filter are arranged in the ventilation duct. These can be used to filter dirt particles, odor particles, pollen, fine dust and other pollutants from the supply air. This helps to improve the indoor climate and provide an improved window ventilation device.

A coarse filter refers to a suspended matter filter unit that can filter dust particles with a size of at least 10 pm from the air. A coarse filter filters dust out of the air, so that the air quality is improved and subsequent components, especially technically more complex filters and the ventilation duct, are protected from rapid contamination. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided.

An EPA filter refers to a suspended matter filter unit that filters even dust particles with a size between 0.1 and 0.3 pm from the air with a separation efficiency of at least 85%. A HEPA filter refers to a suspended matter filter unit that filters even dust particles with a size between 0.1 and 0.3 pm from the air with a separation efficiency of at least 85%. In particular, particles smaller than 10 pm can enter the human respiratory tract and thus have a negative impact on human health. An EPA or HEPA filter can therefore improve air quality and provide an improved window ventilation device.

Activated carbon filter refers to filters that contain activated carbon. Activated carbon has a very large internal surface area that adsorbs dissolved particles. Carbon acts as a reducing agent and can absorb oxidizing agents such as ozone and chlorine from exhaust air. Activated carbon filters can therefore remove substances such as dust, heavy metals and undesirable chemicals such as ozone and chlorine from the air, especially ozone that may have arisen due to ionization of the air. An activated carbon filter can therefore improve air quality and provide an improved window ventilation device.

In one embodiment, an adjustable air guide element is arranged in the ventilation duct. This can be, for example, a pivotable or displaceable flap. In a first position, the air flow through the filter arranged in the ventilation duct is possible and blocked in a second position. This makes it possible to direct a supply air flow through the filters and to filter the incoming outside air, but to direct an exhaust air flow past the filters. This helps to reduce the load on the filters with harmful and dirt particles and to reduce their size and/or replacement frequency. This helps to reduce the technical effort required to manufacture and operate the window ventilation device.

In one embodiment, the ventilation duct comprises a second opening to the outside of the window. This second opening to the outside of the window can be closed by moving the air guide element into a first end position and at the same time the air flow through the filters arranged in the ventilation duct can be opened. By moving the air guide element into a second end position, this second opening can be opened and at the same time the ventilation duct for the outflowing exhaust air can be closed in the direction of the filter elements. Before reaching the filters, the outflowing exhaust air is directed through the air guide element through the second opening to the outside of the window, so that it flows through the regenerator but not through the filters. This reduces the load on the filters with pollutants and dust particles and reduces the risk of moisture accumulation and mold formation. This helps to reduce the technical effort required to manufacture and operate the ventilation system, improve the flow properties in the ventilation duct and thus provide an improved window ventilation device.

In one embodiment of the window ventilation device, an ionization device is arranged within the ventilation duct. An ionization device refers to a device that uses electrical voltage to generate negatively charged atoms or molecules, i.e. negative ions, by attaching electrons from electrically neutral atoms or molecules. The negative ions generated combine with positively charged suspended particles in the air, in particular dirt particles, odor particles, pollen, fine dust and other pollutants. The resulting heavier and/or larger molecules sink more easily from the air to the ground and/or can be better filtered out of the air by air filters. This improves the quality of the incoming fresh air and eliminates or reduces the need to filter the incoming air. This helps to reduce the technical effort required to manufacture and operate the window ventilation device and to improve the indoor climate. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided.

[0031] In one embodiment, the ionization device is a cold plasma ionization device. A cold plasma ionization device refers to an ionization device that produces negatively charged ions using electrical voltages at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This helps to reduce the technical effort required to produce and operate the window ventilation device. In addition, a cold plasma ionization device reduces the risk of generating ozone molecules. This helps to improve the indoor climate. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided. In one embodiment, the window ventilation device comprises a first sensor unit for measuring the carbon dioxide content of the air, the air temperature and/or the relative humidity on the inside of the window.

A sensor unit refers to a device, module or system that includes one or more sensors and is capable of detecting characteristics and/or changes in its environment and sending this information to other electronic devices. A sensor is sensitive to a property that is to be measured and insensitive to properties that are not being measured.

Examples of sensors are microelectromechanical systems, optical, vibration, electrochemical, (micro)electronic systems. Properties and changes measured by a sensor include in particular the occurrence and/or proportion in the air of nitrogen oxides, such as CO2, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, vapors, volatile organic substances, pollutants, dust particles, pollen, as well as the temperature, the humidity of the Air, as well as other environmental characteristics, such as in particular the noise level, the presence and/or absence of people, animals, plants, heaters or other heat sources, the degree of opening of windows and doors, the intensity of sunlight and/or drafts.

The carbon dioxide content, the air temperature and the relative humidity are essential quality parameters of a healthy and pleasant indoor climate for people. The carbon dioxide content also has an indicator function for the concentration of other pollutants in the air, such as radon, dust particles or odor particles. If the carbon dioxide content of the air is reduced through air exchange, a corresponding reduction in other substance concentrations can also be assumed.

Measuring the carbon dioxide content of the air, the air temperature and/or the relative humidity on the inside of the window makes it possible to operate the window ventilation device as required. For example, a carbon dioxide content of no more than 800 ppm is considered particularly pleasant for work and living spaces. A temperature that is perceived as pleasant is between 20 and 23 °C. A relative humidity that is perceived as pleasant is between 40 and 60%. For example, the window ventilation device can only be operated when such or otherwise predefined limit values are exceeded and/or fallen below. An increase in carbon dioxide levels in the air can also be measured. Such an increase indicates the presence of people on the inside of the window. This makes it possible to make the operation of the ventilation device dependent on the presence of people. All of this helps to improve the indoor climate and energy efficiency, reduce the effort required to operate the window ventilation device and thus provide an improved window ventilation device. When installed, the first sensor unit for measuring the air on the inside of the window can be arranged on a wall and/or on a ceiling of the interior space to be ventilated. In an advantageous embodiment, the sensor unit is installed on the inside of the window of the same frame, sash and in particular frame piece in which a window ventilation device according to the invention is installed. This helps to reduce the technical complexity of manufacturing and installation and thus to provide an improved window ventilation device.

In a further embodiment, the window ventilation device comprises a second sensor unit for measuring the air temperature and/or the relative humidity on the outside of the window. Measuring the air temperature and/or the relative humidity on the outside of the window helps to better control the window ventilation device and to provide an improved indoor climate. For example, if the temperature and/or relative humidity of the air on the outside of the window is suitable, the window ventilation device can help to increase or decrease a temperature and/or relative humidity on the inside of the window that is too low or too high in a short time and with little energy expenditure.

When installed, this second sensor unit for measuring the air on the outside of the window can be arranged on a wall and/or elsewhere outside of the interior space to be ventilated. An advantageous embodiment provides for the sensor unit to be installed on the outside of the window of the same frame or sash and in particular of the same frame piece in which a ventilation device according to the invention is installed. This helps to reduce the technical complexity of manufacturing and installation and thus to provide an improved window ventilation device.

In one embodiment, the window ventilation device can comprise a battery, a rechargeable battery, a coil for inductive power supply and/or a solar cell.

A battery is an electrochemical-based storage device for electrical energy. A rechargeable battery is a rechargeable battery.

A rechargeable battery or a battery enables the window ventilation device to be operated without being connected to an external power supply and/or when the external power supply is interrupted. This helps to further reduce the effort required to install and operate the window ventilation device and to further improve the room climate and energy efficiency.

A coil is a wound wire with the turns insulated from each other. In addition to the wound wire, the coil often has a coil core inside, to increase the inductance. A changing magnetic flux of a magnetic field generates an induction current on a closed conductor loop.

A coil for inductive power supply reduces the effort required to connect the window ventilation device to the power grid. The coil can advantageously be installed in the sash frame, in particular the same frame piece as the window ventilation device. In this case, it is not necessary to lay a cable from the frame into the movable sash frame. The coil can also be used as a sensor for the position of the window sash, for example to avoid ventilation when the window is open. This helps to further reduce the effort required to install and operate the window ventilation device and to further improve the room climate and energy efficiency.

Solar cell refers to an electrical component that converts sunlight directly into electrical energy and can thus serve as a power source. A solar cell for operating or charging the battery makes it possible to forego the connection to the building's power grid during installation or to supplement it with the power supply. This helps to further reduce the effort required to install and operate the window ventilation device and to further improve the room climate and energy efficiency.

In a preferred embodiment, the solar cells can be arranged on the outside of the window, preferably on the outside of the window frame and/or the sash frame. This helps to further reduce the effort required to install and operate the window ventilation device and to further improve the room climate and energy efficiency. Solar cells also allow the intensity of solar radiation to be measured. This can help to further improve the indoor climate and the energy efficiency of the window ventilation device

In one embodiment, the control unit is set up to operate the electrical means for generating an air flow in the rest, alternating, supply air or exhaust air operating modes.

In the rest mode, the means for generating an air flow does not generate any air flow. This helps to reduce the energy required to operate the window ventilation device and to avoid undesirable effects on the energy and moisture balance of a room ventilated with a window ventilation device according to the invention.

In the alternating operating mode, the means for generating an air flow generates successive exhaust and supply air flows. The energy and moisture are recovered from the air currents. This helps to improve the indoor climate and save energy and reduce the technical effort required to improve the indoor climate. In particular, this can help the operation of a heater, an air conditioner, or a humidifier and/or air dryer. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided.

A shorter duration of the alternating air flows means that a larger relative proportion of air remains in the ventilation duct and the efficiency of air exchange is reduced. A longer duration of the alternating air flows reduces the ability of the storage mass to absorb or release additional energy and moisture. Depending on the design of the regenerator, a duration of the alternating air flows between 40 seconds and 120 seconds helps to improve the ratio of air exchange efficiency and heat or moisture exchange efficiency. A duration between 60 seconds and 95 seconds further improves this ratio. This helps to improve the indoor climate, save energy and reduce the technical effort required to improve the indoor climate. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided.

In the supply air operating mode, the means for generating an air flow generates a supply air flow from the outside of the window to the inside of the window, preferably with a duration of more than 120 seconds, more preferably of more than 150 seconds. This makes it possible, for example in the case of too cold or too dry air in the interior, to supply warm and/or moist outside air to the interior within a shorter time and with reduced energy consumption compared to operation with alternating air flows. A duration of more than 120 seconds and especially more than 150 helps ensure that the storage mass in the regenerator is saturated and the desired supply, in particular of energy and/or moisture, can take place efficiently. This helps to improve the indoor climate and save energy. An improved window ventilation device is thus provided.

In the exhaust air operating mode, the means for generating an air flow generates an exhaust air flow from the inside of the window to the outside of the window, preferably with a duration of more than 120 seconds, more preferably of more than 150 seconds. This makes it possible to avoid unwanted energy recovery or moisture recovery, for example in the case of too hot or too humid air in the interior. A duration of more than 120 seconds and especially more than 150 helps ensure that the storage mass in the regenerator is saturated and the desired removal of energy and/or moisture can take place efficiently. In addition, the exhaust air operating mode makes it possible to avoid an undesirable supply air flow from the outside of the window, for example in the case of very polluted outside air. Both help to improve the indoor climate, save energy and reduce the effort required to operate the window ventilation device. Thus, this helps to provide an improved window ventilation device.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows insides of windows in which a decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention is installed.

Figure 3 shows outsides of windows in which a decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention is installed.

Figure 4 shows cross sections of frames and sashes in which a decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention is installed.

Figure 5 shows a method for detecting increasing carbon dioxide levels in the air.

Figure 6 shows an example of a method for selecting the operating mode of the window ventilation device depending on the carbon dioxide content, the temperature and the humidity.

Figure 7 shows an example of a method for extrapolating the relative humidity at one air temperature to the relative humidity at another air temperature.

Figure 1a shows an embodiment of the decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention in cross section. The window ventilation device 20 includes a control unit 6, a ventilation duct 4a and a radial fan 5. The radial fan 5 is designed to have suction on both sides. In addition, a regenerator 4b is arranged in the ventilation duct 4a.

The ventilation duct 4a has right angles in opposite directions at both ends. These two ends of the ventilation duct 4a are open. When installed, one end forms an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3. The other end forms an air inlet opening on the outside of the window 3a. Parallel to the air inlet opening 3a, the ventilation duct 4a has a further opening branching off at right angles from the ventilation duct, which, when installed, forms an air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b. A coarse filter 10, a HEPA filter 11 and an activated carbon filter 12 are arranged in the ventilation duct 4a between the air inlet opening 3a and the air outlet opening 3b on the outside of the window. Between these filters 10, 11, 12 and the air outlet opening 3b, a flap 14 which can be pivoted by up to 90° by means of an electric servomotor is arranged in the ventilation duct.

[0063] Furthermore, in the ventilation duct 4a between the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b and the air inlet opening and air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3 there are a regenerator 4b, a cold plasma ionization device 9 and an electrical driven centrifugal fan 5 arranged. The regenerator 4b comprises a stationary porous ceramic body as a storage mass. In a further embodiment of the invention, the regenerator 4b may comprise a body which comprises cooling fins and/or cooling fins, for example with a metallic surface. This can, for example, help to reduce noise during operation.

The control unit 6 controls the rotation direction and speed of the centrifugal fan 5, thereby controlling the direction and strength of the air flow generated by the centrifugal fan 5. In addition, the control unit 6 controls the electrically pivotable flap 14.

When an exhaust air flow is generated, the flap 14 is moved to a first end position. In this first end position, the flap 14 closes the ventilation duct 4a in the direction of the filters 10, 11, 12 and opens the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b. As a result, the flap 14 directs the exhaust air flow coming from the air inlet opening on the inside of the window 3, deflected by the radial fan 5, through the cold plasma ionization device 9 and the storage mass of the regenerator 4b to the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b, without the exhaust air flow passing through the filters 10, 11 , 12 flows through.

When a supply air flow is generated, the flap 14 is moved to a second end position. In this second end position, which is up to 90° relative to the first end position, the flap 14 opens ventilation duct 4a for a supply air flow from the direction of the filters 10, 11, 12 and closes the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b. As a result, the flap 14 directs a supply air flow through the air inlet opening on the outside of the window 3a and through the filters 10, 11, 12 to the regenerator 4b and the cold plasma ionization device 9 and, deflected by the radial fan 5, flows out to the air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3 . This reduces the load on the filters 10, 11, 12 with pollutants and dirt particles and reduces the effort required to maintain and operate the window ventilation device.

[0067] A first sensor unit 15 is arranged vertically from the ventilation duct 4a, parallel to the air inlet opening on the inside of the window 3. When installed, the first sensor unit 15 can measure the carbon dioxide content, the relative humidity and the temperature of the air on the inside of the window and send the measured values to the control unit 6. A second sensor unit 16 is arranged vertically in the opposite direction from the ventilation duct 5, parallel to the air inlet opening 3a and the air outlet opening 3b on the outside of the window. When installed, the second sensor unit 16 can measure the relative humidity and the temperature of the air on the outside of the window and send the measured values to the control unit 6. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit 6 is set up to operate the window ventilation device 20 in the rest, supply air, exhaust air or alternating operating modes. In the rest mode, the control unit 6 controls the radial fan 5 so that it stands still and no air flow is generated.

[0069] In the exhaust air operating mode, the control unit 6 controls the electric servomotor of the pivotable flap 14, so that the air duct is closed in the direction of the filters 10, 11, 12 and the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b is opened, and the radial fan 5, so that this rotates counterclockwise. This creates an exhaust air flow from the air inlet opening on the inside of the window 3, through the ionization device 9 and the regenerator 4b to the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b. The filters

10, 11, 12 are not flowed through. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit 6 is set up to generate an exhaust air flow with a duration of more than 120 seconds, particularly preferably more than 150 seconds, so that the regenerator is saturated and no more energy or moisture is recovered.

[0070] In the supply air operating mode, the control unit 6 controls the electric servomotor of the pivotable flap 14 so that the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b is closed, and the radial fan 5 so that it rotates clockwise. This creates a supply air flow from the air inlet opening on the outside of the window 3a through the filters 10,

11, 12, the regenerator 4b and the ionization device 9 to the air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit 6 is set up to generate a supply air flow with a duration of more than 120 seconds, particularly preferably more than 150 seconds, so that the regenerator is saturated and no more energy or moisture is recovered.

In the alternating operating mode, the control unit 6 controls the radial fan 5 and the electrically pivotable flap 14, so that exhaust and supply air flows are generated in succession as described above. This is done with a duration of at least 40 and at most 120 seconds, more preferably at least 60 and at most 95 seconds, so that the regenerator is not saturated and efficient air exchange and efficient energy and/or moisture recovery can take place.

The window ventilation device 20 includes a battery 18 and a coil 13, which can be inductively connected to a power supply. For example, the house power network and/or solar cells 17, in particular solar cells mounted on the window frame on the outside of the window, can serve as power supply. As a result, the battery 18 can be charged and the electrical components of the window ventilation device 20 can be supplied with power, even if the power supply is interrupted, in particular the electrically operated centrifugal fan 5, the electrically pivotable flap 14, the ionization device 9, the first sensor unit 15, the second sensor unit 16 and the control unit 6.

Figure 1b shows an alternative embodiment of the decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention in cross section. Instead of a radial fan 5 between the air inlet opening and air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3 and the regenerator 4b, an axial fan 5a is arranged in the ventilation duct 4a between the regenerator 4b and the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b. In addition, the ventilation device includes the air guiding elements 14a.

The arrangement of the axial fan 5a in the ventilation duct 4a has the advantage of being able to generate a stronger air flow, in particular without redirecting it in the radial direction. In addition, the arrangement between the regenerator 4b and the air outlet opening on the outside of the window 3b allows the noise development on the inside of the window to be reduced and suitably designed air guide elements 14, 14a to be controlled and moved solely by means of gravity and pressure differences.

[0075] The air guide element 14 is pivotably mounted. In a first end position it closes and in a second end position it opens the ventilation duct 4a from the direction of the radial fan 5a to the filters 10, 11, 12 and the air inlet opening 3a. The air guide element 14a is also pivotably mounted. In a first end position it closes and in a second end position it opens the ventilation duct 4a from the direction of the radial fan 5a to the air outlet opening 3b.

The air guide elements 14, 14a can be arranged suitably in the ventilation duct 4a, so that after the ventilation device 20 has been installed in a manner adapted to this arrangement, gravity acts on the pivotable air guide elements 14, 14a in the direction of their respective first end positions. 1a, a vertical installation of the decentralized ventilation device 20, in which the air openings 3a, 3b are arranged towards the outside of the window at the bottom and the air opening towards the inside of the window 3 at the top, is an installation which is suitably adapted to the arrangement of the air guiding elements 14, 14a.

As long as the axial fan 5a does not generate an air flow, the air guide elements 14, 14a are pivoted into their respective first end positions by gravity. The ventilation duct 4a is therefore closed from the direction of the axial fan 5a both in the direction of the filters 10, 11, 12 and the air inlet opening 3a and in the direction of the air outlet opening 3b on the outside of the window. This offers the particular advantage of reducing external noise on the inside of the window when the ventilation device 20 is in rest mode. [0078] If the axial fan 5a generates a supply air flow, a negative pressure can arise in the ventilation duct 4a in the area between the axial fan 5a and the air guide elements 14, 14a. Such a suppression can have the effect that, on the one hand, a force additional to gravity can act on the pivotable air guide element 14a in the direction of the first end position, so that the air outlet opening 3b can be closed in an improved manner. On the other hand, the negative pressure can cause a force against gravity to act on the air guide element 14 in the direction of the second end position and this can be pivoted in the direction of the second end position. As a result, the ventilation duct 4a can be partially opened and a supply air flow can be created, which flows in through the air inlet opening 3a, through the filters 10, 11, 12, the regenerator 4b, the ionization device 9 and the air outlet opening 3 to the inside of the window, thereby strengthening the air guide element 14 in the direction can pivot to the second end position.

[0079] If the axial fan 5a generates an exhaust air flow, an excess pressure can arise in the ventilation duct 4a in the area between the axial fan 5a and the air guide elements 14, 14a. This excess pressure can cause, on the one hand, a force additional to gravity to act on the pivotable air guide element 14 in the direction of the first end position, so that the ventilation duct 4a can be closed in an improved manner in the direction of the filters 10, 11, 12 and the air inlet opening 3a. On the other hand, the excess pressure can cause a force against gravity to act on the air guide element 14a in the direction of the second end position and to pivot it in the direction of the second end position. This can create an exhaust air flow that can flow out through the air inlet opening 3, through the ionization device 9, the regenerator 4b and through the air outlet opening 3b to the outside of the window without flowing through the filters 10, 11, 12, and in the process the air guide element 14a is reinforced in the direction can pivot to the second end position.

In the above exemplary embodiment, neither an electric servomotor nor a radial fan are required. This therefore helps to reduce the effort involved in producing and operating the decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention. In addition, the indoor climate can be improved, especially with regard to noise and draft development. Thus, this helps to provide an improved window ventilation device.

[0081] In a further embodiment, forces independent of gravity can be exerted on the pivotable air guiding elements 14, 14a in the direction of their respective first end positions by means of mechanical devices, for example suitably sized springs which are suitably attached to the pivotable air guiding elements 14, 14a. so that they can be pivoted into their respective first end positions. This makes it possible, in particular, to reduce the complexity of the production and installation of the decentralized ventilation device 20 according to the invention. This helps to provide an improved window ventilation device. Figure 1 c shows an alternative embodiment of the decentralized window ventilation device according to the invention in cross section. The centrifugal fan 5 is designed in a cylindrical shape. Roller-shaped means that the diameter of the centrifugal fan 5 is smaller than its width in the axial direction. The installation direction of the radial fan 5, regenerator 4b and ionization device is chosen so that a wide air outlet 3 towards the inside of the window is possible. This can, for example, make it possible to improve the ionization of the air and thus improve air quality.

Figures 2 to 4 show a window ventilation device 20 according to the invention in the installed state.

2a shows the inside of a window in whose side sash frame piece 1b a window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed. In addition to the air inlet opening and air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3, the first sensor unit 15 is also installed in the side sash frame piece in this exemplary embodiment. Figure 2b shows another installation option, installation in an upper sash frame piece 1b. Installation in the lower sash frame piece is also possible. Figure 2c shows an alternative implementation of the air inlet opening and air outlet opening on the inside of the window 3. This does not lead out of the ventilation duct 4a at a right angle, but in a straight line in an extension of the ventilation duct 4a laterally out of the sash frame 1a. In such an implementation, the electrical means for generating an air flow 14 can advantageously be designed as an axial fan. As an example of further installation options, Figures 2d and 2e show the inside of a window, in the side or upper frame piece 2a of which a window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed.

3a shows the outside of a window in whose side sash frame piece 2a a window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed. In addition to the air inlet opening 3a and the air outlet opening 3b on the outside of the window, the second sensor unit 16 is also installed in the side sash frame piece in this version. Solar cells for powering the window ventilation device 20 are arranged, for example glued, on the frame piece. As an example of further installation options, Figure 3b shows installation in an upper sash frame piece 1b and Figures 3c and 3d show the outside of a window, in the side or upper frame piece 2a of which a window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, solar cells can also be arranged on the inside of the window, either in addition to or instead of solar cells on the outside of the window. This can, for example, make it possible to ensure power supply using artificial light, for example at night, at times of the year in regions with only a few or no hours between sunrise and sunset. Figure 4 shows a cross section through a sash frame piece 1b and a frame piece 2a. In Figure 4a, the window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed in the sash frame piece 1b. In Figure 4b, the window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is installed in the frame piece 2a. Due to the advantageous properties when using a regenerator, the dimensions of the ventilation duct 4a and the regenerator 4b arranged in the ventilation duct 4a can be selected so that the window ventilation device 20 according to the invention is suitable for installation in a variety of commercially available sash frame pieces 1b and frame pieces 2a.

[0087] In the example shown in Figure 5, the control unit 6 is set up to detect the increase in the carbon dioxide content of the air on the inside of the window, which is usually due to the presence of people and, depending on this, the implementation of a ventilation cycle to start. For this purpose, the control unit 6 is set up to receive and store the values of the carbon dioxide content of the air on the inside of the window measured by the first sensor unit 15 and to combine this with a value of the carbon dioxide content measured, received and stored immediately afterwards by the first sensor unit 15 to compare. If the comparison shows that the immediately following measured value is greater than the previously received measured value, the control unit 6 carries out a ventilation cycle. After a ventilation cycle has been carried out, or if the measurement value received immediately after is not greater than the measurement value received previously, the subsequent measurement value is saved as the previous measurement value and the reception and evaluation of the measurement values begins again.

[0088] In the example shown in Figure 6, the control unit 6 is set up to control a ventilation cycle depending on the measured values received from the first and second sensor units 15, 16.

[0089] For this purpose, the control unit 6 is set up to receive values of the carbon dioxide content, the temperature and/or the relative humidity of the air on the inside of the window, i.e. the inside air, measured by the first sensor unit 15, and values of the temperature measured by the second sensor unit 16 and the relative humidity of the air on the outside of the window, i.e. the outside air, to be received and stored. Furthermore, the control unit 6 is set up to check whether the values of the carbon dioxide content, the temperature and/or the relative humidity of the air on the inside of the window measured by the first sensor unit 15 exceed or fall below predefined upper or lower limit values, for example. whether the relative humidity is more than 60% or less than 40%, the temperature is more than 23 °C or less than 20 °C or whether the carbon dioxide content is more than 800 ppm. For this purpose, the control unit is set up to first check whether the relative air humidity is too high, i.e. higher than a limit value of, for example, 60%. If this condition is met, the control unit 6 checks whether the relative humidity of the outside air measured by the second sensor unit 16 is lower than that of the inside air and the temperature of the outside air is within the limit values for the inside air, i.e. between the limit values of, for example, 20 ° C and 23 °C. If both conditions are met, the control unit 6 controls the window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the exhaust air operating mode.

If at least one of the two conditions is not met, the control unit 6 is set up to check whether the relative humidity is too low, i.e. lower than a limit value of, for example, 40%. If this condition is met, the control unit 6 checks whether the relative humidity of the outside air measured by the second sensor unit 16 is higher than that of the inside air and the temperature of the outside air is within the limit values for the inside air, i.e. between the limit values of, for example, 20 ° C and 23 °C. If both conditions are met, the control unit 6 controls the window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the supply air operating mode.

If at least one of the two conditions is not met, the control unit 6 is set up to check whether the temperature of the inside air is too high, i.e. higher than a limit value of, for example, 23 ° C. If the condition is met, the control unit 6 checks whether the temperature of the outside air measured by the second sensor unit 16 is lower than that of the inside air and the relative humidity of the outside air, extrapolated to an average temperature between the upper and lower temperature limit of the inside air, i.e for example 21.5 °C, is within the limit values for indoor air, i.e. between the limit values of, for example, 40% and 60%. If both conditions are met, the control unit 6 controls the window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the exhaust air operating mode.

If at least one of the two conditions is not met, the control unit 6 is set up to check whether the temperature of the inside air is too low, i.e. lower than a limit value of, for example, 20 ° C. If the condition is met, the control unit 6 checks whether the temperature of the outside air measured by the second sensor unit 16 is higher than that of the inside air and the relative humidity of the outside air, extrapolated to an average temperature between the upper and lower temperature limit of the inside air, for example 21.5 °C, is within the limit values for indoor air, i.e. between the limit values of, for example, 40% and 60%. If both conditions are met, the control unit 6 controls the window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the supply air operating mode.

If at least one of the two conditions is not met, the control unit 6 is set up to check whether the carbon dioxide content is too high, i.e. higher than a limit value of, for example, 800 ppm. If this condition is met, the control unit 6 controls it Window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the alternating operating mode. If this condition is not met either, the control unit 6 controls the window ventilation device 20 so that a ventilation cycle is carried out in the rest mode.

7 shows an example of how a measured relative air humidity at a measured air temperature can be extrapolated to a relative air humidity at a predetermined target temperature. With the help of a measured relative humidity and a measured air temperature, the absolute moisture content of the air can be determined. Using the absolute moisture content of the air, the expected relative humidity at a given target temperature can be determined.

Claims

Expectations

1. Window ventilation device (20), which is suitable for installation in a frame (2) or a casement (1a) of a window and comprises a ventilation duct (4a), an electrical means for generating an air flow (5) and a control unit (6). , characterized in that a regenerator (4b) is arranged in the ventilation duct (4a).

2. Window ventilation device (20) according to the preceding claim, wherein the regenerator (4b) comprises a stationary storage mass, which in a preferred embodiment consists of a porous ceramic body and/or comprises cooling fins and/or cooling fins.

3. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical means for generating an air flow (5) is an electric centrifugal fan or an electric axial fan.

4. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the external dimensions of the window ventilation device (20) have a length of 100 cm, preferably 80 cm, a width of 7 cm, preferably 6 cm, and a depth of 7 cm, preferably 6 cm, do not exceed.

5. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a coarse filter (10), an EPA particulate matter filter and/or a HEPA particulate matter filter (11) and/or an activated carbon filter (12) is arranged in the ventilation duct (4a).

6. Window ventilation device (20) according to the preceding claim, wherein a movable air guiding element (14) is arranged in the ventilation duct (4a), which is set up so that a supply air flow from the air inlet opening on the outside of the window (3a) through the filters (10, 11 , 12) can be directed through to the air outlet opening on the inside of the window (3) and an exhaust air flow from the air inlet opening on the inside of the window (3) to the outside of the window without flowing through the filters (10, 11, 12), in a preferred embodiment through a second opening in the ventilation duct on the Outside window (3b).

7. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an ionization device (9), preferably a cold plasma ionization device, is arranged in the ventilation duct (4a).

8. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a first sensor unit (15) for measuring the carbon dioxide content of the air, the air temperature and / or the relative humidity on the inside of the window.

9. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a second sensor unit (16) for measuring the air temperature and / or the relative humidity on the outside of the window.

10. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, which has a rechargeable battery (18) and / or a battery for powering the window ventilation device and / or a coil (13) and / or a solar cell (17) which is on the outside of the window and / or can be arranged on the inside of the window, for powering the window ventilation device (20) and / or for charging the battery (18).

11. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (6) is set up to receive, store and compare values of the carbon dioxide content of the air measured by the first sensor unit (15) so that an increase in the carbon dioxide content can be detected in the air.

12. Window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (6) is set up to operate the electrical means for generating an air flow (5) in the rest, supply air, exhaust air or alternating operating modes, the electrical means for generating an air flow (5) in the rest mode does not generate an air flow, in the exhaust air operating mode an exhaust air flow is generated from the inside of the window to the outside of the window, preferably with a duration of more than 120 seconds, particularly preferably more than 150 seconds, in the supply air operating mode a supply air flow from the outside of the window to the inside of the window, preferably with a duration of more than 120 seconds, particularly preferably more than 150 seconds, and in the alternating operating mode, successive exhaust and supply air flows are generated, preferably with a duration of at least 40 and at most 120 seconds each, further preferably at least 60 and at most 95 seconds each.

13. Window ventilation device (20) according to the preceding claim, wherein the control unit (6) is set up to have the electrical means for generating an air flow (5) depending on the carbon dioxide content measured by the first sensor unit (15), the temperature and / or the relative humidity of the air on the inside of the window and/or the temperature measured by the second sensor unit (16) and/or the relative humidity of the air on the outside of the window in one of the operating modes rest, supply air, exhaust air or alternating.

14. System comprising a frame (2), a sash frame (1a), a frame piece (2a) or a sash frame piece (1b), wherein a window ventilation device (20) according to one of the preceding claims in the frame (2), the sash frame (1a), the frame piece (2a) or the sash frame piece (1b) is installed.