WO2024001910A1

WO2024001910A1 - Electromagnetic metasurface lens and communication device

Info

Publication number: WO2024001910A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/101789
Authority: WO
Inventors: 梁修业; 吴建军; 徐志宇; 崔亦军; 尹卫爽; 钟坤静; 沈楠; 毛胤电; 李名定
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-21
Publication date: 2024-01-04
Also published as: CN117374606A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are an electromagnetic metasurface lens and a communication device. An electromagnetic metasurface lens (100) comprises a substrate (120) and a metal functional layer (110), wherein the metal functional layer (110) is arranged on the substrate (120), the metal functional layer (110) is provided with wave-transmitting regions (111) and non-wave-transmitting regions (112), and the non-wave-transmitting regions (112) are filled with a plurality of artificial electromagnetic structural units (200). In the technical solution of the present embodiment, the wave-transmitting regions (111) and the non-wave-transmitting regions (112), which are alternately arranged, of the single-layer metal functional layer (110) are used to focus electromagnetic waves, and the non-wave-transmitting regions are filled with the artificial electromagnetic structural units (200) having the function of frequency selection, such that in a lens focusing frequency band, the artificial electromagnetic structural units (200) play a role in reflecting electromagnetic waves, and in a non-focusing frequency band, the artificial electromagnetic structural units (200) play a role in transmitting electromagnetic waves.

Description

Electromagnetic metasurface lenses and communication equipment

Cross-references to related applications

This application is filed based on a Chinese patent application with application number 202210763095.7 and a filing date of June 30, 2022, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.

Technical field

This application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an electromagnetic metasurface lens and communication equipment.

Background technique

Metasurface is a two-dimensional form of metamaterial. Compared with metamaterials, metasurface can achieve thinner thickness. It is usually composed of two-dimensional periodic arrangement of sub-wavelength artificial electromagnetic structural units. Metasurfaces regulate wavefronts by introducing phase gradients at the interface, bringing new degrees of freedom to electromagnetic wave regulation. When the transmission metasurface realizes the electromagnetic wave focusing function, it can also be called an electromagnetic metasurface lens, which can achieve the effect of focusing and enhancing electromagnetic signals. There are many technical paths to achieve focusing of electromagnetic waves, such as transmission arrays or Fresnel zone plates. Traditional transmission arrays or electromagnetic metasurface lenses usually require two or more metal functional layers to achieve different transmission phases through artificial electromagnetic structural units of different sizes or rotations. The artificial electromagnetic structural units of different phases are arranged according to specific Arrangement can achieve focusing effect. Metalenses implemented in this way usually have more layers, thicker layers, complex processing, and higher costs.

Contents of the invention

The following is an overview of the topics described in detail in this article. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Embodiments of the present application provide an electromagnetic metasurface lens and communication equipment.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electromagnetic metasurface lens, including: a substrate; a metal functional layer, the metal functional layer is provided on the substrate, and a wave-transmitting area is provided on the metal functional layer; A non-wave-transmitting area is filled with a plurality of artificial electromagnetic structural units.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication device, including the electromagnetic metasurface lens described in the first aspect.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and obtained by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification, claims and appended drawings.

Description of drawings

The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the technical solution of the present application together with the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the technical solution of the present application.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and function of an electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the metal functional layers of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by one embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural units of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided in an embodiment of the present application in the non-wave transmitting area;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by one embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the partial arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural units of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by one embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6 is a graph of the transmission amplitude of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by an embodiment of the present application at different scanning angles in the operating frequency band;

Figure 7 is a graph of the transmission amplitude of the electromagnetic metasurface lens in the low-frequency non-focusing frequency band provided by one embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the partial arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural units of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure and off-focus focusing function of an electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the off-focus focusing array of the metal functional layer of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the metal functional layers of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit parts of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided in another embodiment of the present application in the non-wave transmitting area.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

It should be noted that the term "several" in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more.

In recent years, with the breakthrough of basic electromagnetic theory, a new electromagnetic control tool-metamaterials has come into people's field of vision, which will bring new performance breakthroughs to the field of communication. Metamaterials are artificial materials composed of sub-wavelength superstructures that have electromagnetic properties that are not found in natural materials. They can be equivalent to any dielectric constant and magnetic permeability, thus bringing about strange electromagnetic phenomena and applications, such as negative Refraction, hyperlens, etc.

Metasurface is a two-dimensional form of metamaterial. Compared with metamaterials, metasurface can achieve thinner thickness. It is usually composed of two-dimensional periodic arrangement of sub-wavelength artificial electromagnetic structural units. Metasurfaces regulate wavefronts by introducing phase gradients at the interface, bringing new degrees of freedom to electromagnetic wave regulation. Based on the generalized Snell's law, metasurfaces can achieve strange reflection and transmission effects, corresponding to transmissive metasurfaces and reflective metasurfaces. When the transmission metasurface realizes the electromagnetic wave focusing function, it can also be called an electromagnetic metasurface lens, which can achieve the effect of focusing and enhancing electromagnetic signals.

There are many technical paths to achieve focusing of electromagnetic waves, including transmission arrays or Fresnel zone plates. Traditional transmission arrays or electromagnetic metasurface lenses usually require two or more metal functional layers to achieve different transmission phases through artificial electromagnetic structural units of different sizes or rotations. The artificial electromagnetic structural units of different phases are arranged in a specific manner. Arrangement can achieve focusing effect. Metalenses implemented in this way usually have more layers, thicker thickness, complex processing, and higher cost, especially for some special material processes other than printed circuit boards, such as transparent materials. The Fresnel zone plate can use a single layer of metal to achieve the focusing effect of electromagnetic waves. However, the non-transparent area of the traditional Fresnel zone plate is filled with full metal, which will block the electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands, thereby reducing the non-transparent area. The transmission strength of the focused frequency band signal.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electromagnetic metasurface lens and communication equipment, wherein the electromagnetic metasurface lens includes a substrate and a metal functional layer provided on the substrate, and a wave-transmitting area and a metal functional layer are provided on the metal functional layer. The non-wave-transparent area is filled with multiple artificial electromagnetic structural units. In the technical solution of this embodiment, a single metal functional layer is used to achieve focusing of electromagnetic waves. The non-wave-transmitting areas and wave-transmitting areas of the metal functional layer are alternately arranged, and the non-wave-transmitting area is filled with artificial electromagnetic waves with frequency selection. Structural unit, then in the lens focusing frequency band, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit plays the role of reflecting electromagnetic waves; in the non-focusing frequency band, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit plays the role of transmitting electromagnetic waves; thus realizing the electromagnetic metasurface lens with fewer layers and low profile It has the characteristics of simple structure and low processing cost, and has frequency selection function in the non-transparent area, which can minimize the impact of transmission intensity on signals in the non-focused frequency band.

In one embodiment, the metal functional layer is provided with more than three strip-shaped areas, and the wave-transmitting areas and the non-wave-transmitting areas are arranged in an alternating manner based on the three or more strip-shaped areas, so that the incident The electromagnetic waves arriving at the electromagnetic metasurface lens are focused into a line segment.

In one embodiment, the metal functional layer is divided into a circular region and a plurality of annular regions by a plurality of concentric circles with different radii, and the circular region and the two annular rings closest to the circular region are The wave-transmitting area and the non-wave-transmitting area are arranged in an alternating manner in the shape of a region, so that the electromagnetic wave incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens is focused into a point.

In one embodiment, the wave-transmitting area and the non-wave-transmitting area are arranged in an alternating manner based on one of the circular areas and a plurality of the annular areas, so that the electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens Focus on a point.

In one embodiment, the geometric center of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit falls within the non-wave-transparent region.

In one embodiment, the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units is a first distance value, the first distance value is 0.2 wavelength to 0.4 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength of the electromagnetic metasurface. The wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the lens.

In one embodiment, a plurality of the artificial electromagnetic structural units are laid in the non-wave-transparent area in a non-overlapping manner.

In one embodiment, a gap is provided between two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units, and the sizes of the gaps are the same.

In one embodiment, the size of the gap is 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens.

In one embodiment, the shape of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit is a rectangular ring, a regular hexagonal ring, a parallelogram ring, or a regular triangle ring.

The embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, Figure 1 is a side view of an electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by one embodiment of the present application, and Figure 2 is a breakdown of the metal functional layer of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by one embodiment of the present application. 3 is a schematic diagram of the metal functional layer of the electromagnetic metasurface lens provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electromagnetic metasurface lens 100 includes a substrate 120 and a metal functional layer 110 disposed on the substrate. The metal functional layer 110 is provided with a wave-transmitting area 111 and a non-wave-transmitting area 112. The non-wave-transmitting area 112 is filled with a plurality of artificial electromagnetic structures. Unit 200. In the technical solution of this embodiment, a single layer of metal functional layer 110 is used to achieve focusing of electromagnetic waves. The non-wave-transmitting areas 112 and wave-transmitting areas 111 of the metal functional layer 110 are alternately arranged. The non-wave-transmitting area 112 is filled with Select the acting artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200, then when the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave is within the lens focusing frequency range, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 plays the role of reflecting electromagnetic waves; when the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave is within the non-focusing frequency range, In this case, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 plays the role of transmitting electromagnetic waves; the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100 thus realized has the characteristics of few layers, low profile, simple structure, low processing cost, and has frequency selection in the non-transmissive area 112 function, which can minimize the penetration of non-focused frequency band signals. influence of radiation intensity.

It should be noted that the substrate is a dielectric substrate, and the materials that make up the substrate may include PET (polyethylene terephthalate), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), glass, polytetrafluoroethylene, PMMA (acrylic) , PC (polycarbonate), hydrocarbon and other transparent or non-transparent, flexible or non-flexible materials, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that the metal functional layer can be provided on the substrate through etching, photolithography, chemical plating, or electroplating, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that the metal functional layer can be made of opaque materials such as metal circuits, or can be made of transparent materials such as indium tin oxide, graphene, metal mesh, etc. This embodiment does not specifically limit it.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the metal functional layer is divided into a circular area and multiple annular areas by multiple concentric circles with different radii. Based on the multiple annular areas, wave-transmitting areas and non-transparent areas are set in an alternating manner. The wave region focuses the electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens into a point. In one embodiment, the sub-wavelength artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 are arranged in an alternating annular array to form a two-dimensional focusing arranged metal functional layer. Two-dimensional focusing means that the plane electromagnetic wave irradiates the metasurface lens, which can focus in two dimensions. Electromagnetic waves, thereby focusing the electromagnetic waves to a point, forming a focus. The meaning of the annular alternating array is as follows: taking the projection of the required focus F on the metal functional layer 110 as the center of the circle, draw a series of virtual circles, the radius of the circle is r _k (k is a positive integer), r _k Satisfy the following relationship:

Where, f is the focal length of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100, and λ is the central operating wavelength of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100. This forms a series of concentric circles, and two adjacent circles can overlap to form a ring. The most central circle is the wave-transmitting area 111 with the artificial electromagnetic structure unit 200 not filled in it. The circular ring is a non-wave-transmitting area 112 filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units 200, the second circular ring outside the first circular ring is a wave-transmitting area 111, and the wave-transmitting area 111 is not filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units 200, and so on. Wave regions 111 and non-wave-transmitting regions 112 are alternately arranged. When a planar electromagnetic wave is incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100, the path difference of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by all the wave transmission areas 111 to the focus F is approximately an integer multiple of the working wavelength, thereby achieving the electromagnetic wave focusing effect.

It can be understood that the metal functional layer is divided into a circular area and multiple annular areas by multiple concentric circles with different radii, and the circular area and the two annular areas closest to the circular area are arranged in an alternating manner. The wave-transmitting area 111 and the non-wave-transmitting area 112 focus the electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens into a point. That is, in addition to alternately setting the wave-transmitting area 111 and the non-wave-transmitting area 112 in the central circular area and the two annular areas closest to the circular area, the other annular areas can be randomly set. The area 111 and the non-wave-transmitting area 112 may also be all set as the wave-transmitting area 111 or all set as the non-wave-transmitting area 112, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that any two artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 laid in the non-wave-transparent area 112 do not overlap, but multiple layers can be laid in the same way so that the cross-sectional layout is the same. In this implementation The example does not specifically limit it.

It should be noted that the area set by the most central circle of the metal functional layer is not limited. The most central circle can be a non-wave-transmitting area. Then at this time, the most central circle needs to be filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units, and the first one adjacent to the central circle needs to be filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units. The ring is a wave-transmitting area, and the wave-transmitting area is not filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units. The second ring outside the first circle is a non-wave-transmitting area, and the non-wave-transmitting area needs to be filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units, and so on. Arrange the wave-transmitting areas and non-wave-transmitting areas cyclically and alternately. When a plane electromagnetic wave is incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens, the path difference between the electromagnetic waves transmitted through all the wave-transmitting areas and the focus is approximately It is an integer multiple of the working wavelength, thereby achieving the effect of electromagnetic wave focusing, and the cyclic and alternating arrangement of the wave-transmitting area and the non-wave-transmitting area can increase the gain of the output electromagnetic wave.

It should be noted that the alternating arrangement of the wave-transmitting areas and the non-wave-transmitting areas can also be alternately arranged in the form of wave-transmitting areas, non-wave-transmitting areas, non-wave-transmitting areas, and wave-transmitting areas, or it can be, Area, non-wave-transmitting area, wave-transmitting area, non-wave-transmitting area, non-wave-transmitting area, and wave-transmitting area are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that both circles and rings are virtual auxiliary circles, used to assist in the arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural units 200. The artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 arranged at the boundary of the non-wave-transmissive area can be such that the geometric center of the artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 lies on The artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 may all fall within the non-wave-transmitting area ring, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

It should be noted that after the artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 are arranged on the metal functional layer 110, the overall outlines of the wave-transmitting region 111 and the non-wave-transmitting region 112 are not smooth circles, but in a zigzag shape. The overall outer contour of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100 can be set to a rectangular, square, circular or polygonal shape according to needs or installation scenarios, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. The overall outer contour of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100 will cause the rings of several wave-transmitting areas 111 or non-wave-transmitting areas 112 of the metal functional layer 110 to be incomplete partial rings, but it will not affect the realization of the function of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 100 .

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 is set to a sub-wavelength size, and the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 can improve the angular stability of the electromagnetic performance. In the non-wave-transmitting area 112, the artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 are arranged in a non-overlapping manner, and the arrangement spacing of two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 is set to 0.2 wavelength to 0.4 wavelength of the central operating frequency, which can be understood as adjacent The distance between the geometric centers of the two artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 is a first distance value, the first distance value is 0.2 wavelength to 0.4 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens; it should be noted that this The first distance value at is equal to the above arrangement spacing. When the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 is a square metal square ring structure, the square metal square ring structure itself has a smaller resonance size; the size of the gap 210 between two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 is set to 0.01 of the central operating frequency. wavelength to 0.03 wavelength. It can be understood that the size of the gap 210 is 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength. The wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens. The size of the gap 210 can enable the formation of strong electromagnetic structure units 200 between them. Coupling is conducive to achieving a wider reflection bandwidth and reducing sensitivity to processing errors and mounting substrates. At the same time, the introduction of strong coupling between multiple square metal square ring structures is also conducive to further miniaturization of the artificial electromagnetic structure unit 200.

It should be noted that a gap 210 is provided between two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units. The size of the gap 210 may be the same or different. This embodiment does not limit it. It may be based on the process or the Product requirements set.

It should be noted that the shape of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit may be a rectangular ring (square ring, rectangular ring), a regular hexagonal ring, a parallelogram ring, or a regular triangle ring. status, this embodiment does not specifically limit it.

Referring to Figure 6, there is a graph showing the electromagnetic transmission amplitude response of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 in the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5 when the millimeter wave operating frequency band is scanned from 0° to 60° (for example, every 10°). From Figure 6 It can be seen that the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 achieves a wide -10dB transmission bandwidth and a corresponding wide -1dB reflection bandwidth, and has good performance stability within a 60° scanning range.

Referring to Figure 7, there is a graph showing the electromagnetic transmission amplitude response of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 in the low-frequency communication frequency band in the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 operates in the 0.5GHz-6GHz frequency band. The unit insertion loss value is less than 3dB, that is, the artificial electromagnetic structure unit 200 has a high electromagnetic wave transmittance to the non-focused low-frequency communication frequency band.

The technical effects that can be achieved by the structure of the electromagnetic metasurface lens formed by the above embodiments include:

1) The electromagnetic metasurface lens of the above embodiment is realized by using a single metal functional layer. It has a low profile, simple structure, and low processing cost. It is especially suitable for scenes that require the use of transparent materials to realize metasurface lenses;

2) The artificial electromagnetic structural units in the non-transmissive area of the electromagnetic metasurface lens in the above embodiment adopt a sub-wavelength structure. The introduction of strong coupling between units can achieve a wider reflection bandwidth and is less sensitive to processing errors and mounting substrates. Low;

3) The artificial electromagnetic structural units in the non-transmissive area of the electromagnetic metasurface lens of the above embodiment adopt sub-wavelength units, and gaps are designed between the units. The strong coupling introduced by the gaps further reduces the unit size, making the lens angle stability better. That is, it maintains stable reflection performance for electromagnetic waves incident at different angles, which is beneficial to improving aperture efficiency;

4) The artificial electromagnetic structural unit in the non-transmissive area of the electromagnetic metasurface lens of the above embodiment has frequency selective characteristics and has little impact on the transmission intensity of electromagnetic waves in the non-focused frequency band.

Referring to Figures 8 and 9, another embodiment of the artificial electromagnetic structure unit 300 and its local arrangement are provided in this application. The artificial electromagnetic structure unit 300 is a regular hexagonal metal ring structure, laid out in a uniform and non-overlapping manner. In the non-wave-transmitting area, the arrangement spacing of adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units 300 is set to 0.2 wavelength to 0.4 wavelength of the central operating frequency. It can be understood that the spacing between the geometric centers of two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 is the first The distance value, the first distance value is 0.2 wavelength to 0.4 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens; it should be noted that the first distance value here is equivalent to the above arrangement spacing. The gap 310 between the two artificial electromagnetic structural units 300 is set to 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength of the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens. It can be understood that the size of the gap 310 is 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength, and the wavelength is 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength of the electromagnetic metasurface lens. The wavelength corresponding to the center operating frequency. Other components and implementation methods of this embodiment are the same as the corresponding parts in the above embodiment. Please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the above embodiment for details and will not be described again here.

Referring to Figure 10, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the off-focus focusing of the two-dimensional focusing metasurface lens of the present application. In this case, the metasurface lens 400 has the same stack and working principle as the metasurface lens 100 in Figure 1. The main body includes a metal functional layer 410 and a dielectric substrate 420. The main difference between the two is that the focus of the metasurface lens 400 is in a defocused state, that is, the projection of the focus on the metasurface lens 400 deviates from its geometric center.

Referring to Figure 11, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the metal functional layer 410 of the metasurface lens. Except that the focus deviates from the geometric center of the metal functional layer 410, all other components and implementation methods are the same as the corresponding parts in Figure 2. Please refer to the details. See the corresponding description in Embodiment 1, which will not be described again here.

Referring to Figures 12 and 13, the metal functional layer 110 is provided with more than three strip-shaped regions, and the wave-transmitting regions 111 and the non-wave-transmitting regions 112 are arranged in an alternating manner based on the more than three strip-shaped regions, so that the electromagnetic metasurface is incident The electromagnetic waves of the lens 500 are focused into a line segment. In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic metasurface lens 500, the sub-wavelength artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 are arranged in an alternating strip array to form a one-dimensional focusing arrangement of the metal functional layer 510, where the one-dimensional focusing refers to a plane wave. The irradiation metasurface lens can focus electromagnetic waves in one dimension and focus the electromagnetic waves onto a line segment to form a focal line. The meaning of the alternate arrangement of the strips is as follows: taking the projection of the center of the required focal line on the metal functional layer 510 as the center of the circle, draw a series of virtual circles with the radius of the circle r _k (k is a positive integer ), r _k satisfies the following relationship:

Among them, f is the focal length of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 500, and λ is the central operating wavelength of the electromagnetic metasurface lens 500. This forms a series of concentric circles, and for each concentric circle two parallel tangent lines are drawn, and the tangent lines form multiple strips. The centermost strip is the wave-transmitting area 511. The wave-transmitting area 511 is not filled with the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200. The two strips on both sides of the center strip are the A non-wave-transmitting area 512, in which the first non-wave-transmitting area 512 is uniformly filled with artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 in a two-dimensional periodic manner, and the two strips on both sides of the first non-wave-transmitting area 512 are the second wave-transmitting areas. 513, where the second wave-transmissive area 513 is not filled with the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200, and by analogy, the wave-transmissive areas and non-wave-transmissive areas are alternately arranged. When a plane electromagnetic wave is incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens 500, the path difference between the electromagnetic waves transmitted through all the wave transmission areas and the focal line is approximately an integer multiple of the working wavelength, thereby achieving the effect of one-dimensional focusing of the electromagnetic waves.

It should be noted that circles, rings, and parallel lines are all virtual lines used to assist in the arrangement of the artificial electromagnetic structural units 200 . The basis for arranging the artificial electromagnetic structural unit 200 at the boundary of the non-wave-transmitting area is that the geometric center of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit falls within the non-wave-transmitting area strip. Other components and implementation methods of this embodiment are the same as the corresponding parts in the above embodiment. Please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the above embodiment for details and will not be described again here.

In addition, embodiments of the present application provide a communication device that includes the electromagnetic metasurface lens in the above embodiments. The communication device can implement various embodiments of the above electromagnetic metasurface lens, and the technical means and solutions used in it are The technical problems and the technical effects achieved are consistent, and will not be described in detail here. For details, please refer to each embodiment of the above-mentioned electromagnetic metasurface lens.

An electromagnetic metasurface lens and communication equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. The electromagnetic metasurface lens includes a substrate and a metal functional layer. The metal functional layer is provided on the substrate, and a wave-transmitting layer is provided on the metal functional layer. area and a non-wave-transmitting area, the non-wave-transmitting area is filled with a plurality of artificial electromagnetic structural units. In the technical solution of this embodiment, a single metal functional layer is used to achieve focusing of electromagnetic waves. The non-wave-transmitting areas and wave-transmitting areas of the metal functional layer are alternately arranged, and the non-wave-transmitting area is filled with artificial electromagnetic waves with frequency selection. Structural unit, then the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave is within the focusing frequency range of the lens, and the artificial electromagnetic structural unit plays the role of reflecting electromagnetic waves; while the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave is within the non-focusing frequency range, the artificial electromagnetic structural unit plays the role of transmitting electromagnetic waves. ; The electromagnetic metasurface lens thus realized has the characteristics of few layers, low profile, simple structure, and low processing cost. It also has frequency selection function in the non-transparent area, which can minimize the impact of transmission intensity on signals in the non-focused frequency band.

The above describes some implementations of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. These equivalents All modifications and substitutions are within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

An electromagnetic metasurface lens, including:

substrate;

A metal functional layer is provided on the substrate. A wave-transmitting area and a non-wave-transmitting area are provided on the metal functional layer. The non-wave-transmitting area is filled with a plurality of artificial electromagnetic structural units.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 1, wherein the metal functional layer is provided with more than three strip-shaped areas, and the wave-transmitting areas and the wave-transmitting areas are arranged in an alternating manner based on the more than three strip-shaped areas. The non-wave-transmitting area causes the electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens to be focused into a line segment.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 1, wherein the metal functional layer is divided into a circular region and a plurality of annular regions by a plurality of concentric circles with different radii, and the circular region and the circular region are The two closest annular areas are provided with the wave-transmitting areas and the non-wave-transmitting areas in an alternating manner, so that the electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic metasurface lens are focused to a point.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 3, wherein the wave-transmitting area and the non-wave-transmitting area are arranged in a cyclical alternating manner based on one of the circular areas and a plurality of the annular areas, so that the incident The electromagnetic waves to the electromagnetic metasurface lens are focused into a point.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the geometric center of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit falls within the non-wave-transmitting region.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units is a first distance value, and the first distance value is 0.2 wavelength. to 0.4 wavelength, which is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the artificial electromagnetic structural units are laid in the non-wave-transmitting area in a non-overlapping manner.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 5, wherein a gap is provided between two adjacent artificial electromagnetic structural units, and the sizes of the gaps are the same.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 6, wherein the size of the gap is 0.01 wavelength to 0.03 wavelength, and the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the electromagnetic metasurface lens.
The electromagnetic metasurface lens according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the artificial electromagnetic structural unit is a rectangular ring, a regular hexagonal ring, a parallelogram ring, or a regular triangle ring.
A communication device including the electromagnetic metasurface lens according to any one of claims 1 to 10.