WO2024001505A1 - 显示系统及显示装置 - Google Patents
显示系统及显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024001505A1 WO2024001505A1 PCT/CN2023/091888 CN2023091888W WO2024001505A1 WO 2024001505 A1 WO2024001505 A1 WO 2024001505A1 CN 2023091888 W CN2023091888 W CN 2023091888W WO 2024001505 A1 WO2024001505 A1 WO 2024001505A1
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- wave plate
- quarter
- display system
- liquid crystal
- state
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 173
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular, to a display system and a display device.
- VR Virtual Reality
- the left and right eyes respectively see the left and right eye images at a certain depth of field, thereby producing a three-dimensional picture in the brain.
- the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a display system and a display device that can realize single-eye multi-depth VR display.
- the display system includes a display module for emitting light.
- a linear polarizer is attached to the display module for generating linearly polarized light.
- the display system also has a light path from the display module to the eye side.
- It includes a switchable first quarter-wave plate, a first lens, a half-reflective half-mirror, a switchable second quarter-wave plate and a reflective polarizer, the first quarter-wave plate and the Each of the second quarter-wave plates has an electrode, the first quarter-wave plate is driven at a first voltage and the second quarter-wave plate is driven at a second voltage so that the A display system produces an image with a first depth of field, the first quarter wave plate is driven at the first voltage and the second quarter wave plate is driven at a third voltage such that the display system An image with a second depth of field is produced, wherein the first depth of field is different from the second depth of field.
- the display device includes a display system as described above.
- the display system and display device of one or more embodiments of the present application use a shearable wave plate, and the voltage applied to the wave plate can make the wave plate operate in several optical states at a higher frequency. Switch between and match with other optical devices, so that multiple different focal lengths and virtual image distances can be generated, and the 2D source of the display module can be used to display different information at multiple times. Through time division multiplexing, the People see multiple images with different virtual image distances, realizing VR display with multiple depths of field per eye.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path when the display system according to the first embodiment of the present application has a first optical path;
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system according to the first embodiment of the present application when it has a second optical path;
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a first optical path;
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a second optical path;
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a third optical path;
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a fourth optical path;
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the liquid crystal half-wave plate before and after power-on according to an embodiment of the present application
- Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the annular electrode of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate under application of different voltages according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system 20 according to the first embodiment of the present application when it has a first optical path.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system 20 according to the first embodiment of the present application when it has a second optical path.
- the display system 20 of the first embodiment of the present application includes a display module 21 for emitting light.
- a linear polarizer (L-pol) 23 is attached to the display module 21 and can be used to Produces linearly polarized light.
- the optical path from the display module 21 to the eye side of the display system 20 also includes a switchable first quarter wave plate (QWP, Quarter Wave Plate) (referred to as QWP1), a first lens 25, a half-reflective half-lens ( Half mirror) 26, a switchable second quarter wave plate (QWP2) 27 and a reflective polarizer (ReP, Reflective Polarizer) 28.
- QWP Quarter Wave Plate
- the switchable first quarter-wave plate includes a first liquid crystal (LC, Liquid Crystal) quarter-wave plate 24; and/or a switchable second quarter-wave plate A second liquid crystal quarter wave plate 27 is included.
- the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present application are not limited to the form of liquid crystal wave plates.
- the switchable third quarter-wave plate in the embodiment of the present application is A quarter-wave plate and a switchable second quarter-wave plate can also be implemented in other forms capable of changing the optical state of the wave plate.
- the switchable first quarter-wave plate is used as the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the switchable second quarter-wave plate is used as the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 as an example. for a schematic explanation.
- the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application combines the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24, the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal four-wave plate on the basis of attaching the linear polarizer 23 to the display module 21.
- the half-wave plate 27 is a liquid crystal wave plate of the same design. Therefore, there is no problem of wavelength dispersion matching, which greatly improves the initiative of the design.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 in the embodiment of the present application both have electrodes and a liquid crystal layer located between the electrodes.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 can have different optical states when driven by different voltages
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 can also have different optical states when driven by different voltages.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is driven at a first voltage and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is driven at a second voltage to cause the display system to produce an image with a first depth of field
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is driven at the first voltage and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is driven at a third voltage to cause the display system 20 to produce an image with a second depth of field, wherein the first Depth of field is different from second depth of field. Therefore, by applying the voltage on the electrodes of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the voltage on the electrodes of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27, the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application can generate the first The image of the depth of field and the image of the second depth of field.
- the first voltage and the third voltage may be low voltages, and the second voltage may be high voltages.
- the first voltage and the third voltage may be equal to each other, for example both equal to 0.
- the optical axis of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the optical axis of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 are orthogonal to each other.
- the optical axis of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 are orthogonal to each other.
- One wave plate 27 The angle between the optical axis and the optical axis of the linear polarizer 23 is 45 degrees, and the optical axis of the reflective polarizer 28 and the optical axis of the linear polarizer 23 are orthogonal to each other.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 that cooperate with the linear polarizer 23 to generate circularly polarized light
- the optical axis of one of the wave plates is +45°
- the optical axis of the other wave plate is -45°
- the optical axis of the reflective polarizer 28 is 90°
- the half-reflective half-lens 26 is a beam splitter that can detect any polarization.
- Half of the light is transmitted and half reflected, and there is no optical axis, so that the amount of light transmission and reflection can be better weighed.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 may include, for example, a planar first electrode, a planar second electrode, and a planar first electrode. and a liquid crystal layer between the planar second electrode.
- Both the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 have a first optical state and a second optical state.
- the first optical state may include, for example, a quarter wave plate (QWP) state
- the second optical state may include, for example, an off state.
- QWP quarter wave plate
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and/or the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 When no voltage is applied to the electrodes of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and/or the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27, the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and/or the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 The first wave plate 27 is in the 1/4 wave plate state. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and/or the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27, the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and/or the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 One wave plate 27 is in a flat state.
- the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application may further include a controller (not shown).
- the controller can respectively control the voltages applied to the electrodes of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the electrodes of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 to generate images with two depths of field.
- the controller can control the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 to always be in the 1/4-wave plate state, and control the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 to be between the 1/4-wave plate state and the flat plate state. switch.
- Table 1 below shows changes in the optical states of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 when realizing images with two depths of field.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 when the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the 1/4-wave plate state and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is in the flat state, the light emitted by the display module 21 is linearly polarized.
- the plate 23 generates linearly polarized light. For example, taking the light output of the linearly polarized plate 23 as 0° and the light efficiency as 1, the 0° linearly polarized light passes through, for example, a first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate placed with an optical axis of 45°. 24. At this time, since the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the 1/4-wave plate state, it then becomes right-handed circularly polarized light.
- the right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the first lens 25 and the semi-reflector in sequence.
- the polarization state of the half-mirror 26 remains unchanged, but since the half-reflective half-lens 26 transmits half of any polarized light and reflects half, the light effect becomes 1/2 at this time, and then passes through the second liquid crystal quarter in the flat state.
- a wave plate 27 does not change the polarization state, and finally reaches the reflective polarizer 28 as right-handed circularly polarized light.
- the transmission axis of the reflective polarizer 28 is 90°. At this time, it is directly emitted as 90° linearly polarized light. At this time, The overall light emission effect is 1/4, and the display system 20 has a straight first optical path. At this time, the display system 20 has a first focal length f1 and generates an image with a first depth of field D1.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 are both in the 1/4-wave plate state, the light emitted by the display module 21 passes through the linear polarizer 23 , to generate linearly polarized light.
- the linear polarizer 23 is 0° and the light efficiency is 1, the 0° linearly polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 placed with an optical axis of 45°, for example.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 since the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the 1/4-wave plate state, it then becomes right-hand circularly polarized light.
- the right-hand circularly polarized light passes through the first lens 25 and the half-reflective half-lens in sequence. 26, the polarization state remains unchanged, but due to the half-reflective half-mirror 26 means that half of the light is transmitted and half is reflected for any polarized light. Therefore, the light efficiency becomes 1/2 at this time, and the right-handed circularly polarized light reaches the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 in the 1/4-wave plate state. Since the first The optical axis of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is orthogonal to the optical axis of the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24, and the optical axis of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is -45°.
- the right-handed circularly polarized light returns to 0° linearly polarized light after passing through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27.
- the 0° linearly polarized light reaches the reflective polarizer 28 and is reflected because the reflective polarizer 28 transmits 90° linearly polarized light.
- 0° linearly polarized light Therefore, the 0° linearly polarized light is reflected back after being incident on the reflective polarizer 28; when it passes through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 in the 1/4-wave plate state for the second time, it becomes right again.
- Circularly polarized light this right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the half-reflective semi-lens again and the polarization changes to left-handed circularly polarized light. At this time, the light effect becomes 1/4; the left-handed circularly polarized light passes through the 1/4 wave plate for the third time The second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 in the state then becomes 90° linearly polarized light. Since the reflective polarizer 28 transmits 90° linearly polarized light and reflects 0° linearly polarized light, the 90° linearly polarized light can then be Light is emitted from the reflective polarizer 28. At this time, the overall light emission effect is 1/4.
- the polarized light is reflected once between the semi-reflective mirror 26 and the reflective polarizer 28 and then emerges from the reflective polarizer 28.
- the display system 20 has a second optical path that is folded (pancake). At this time, the display system 20 has a second focal length f2 and An image with a second depth of field D2 is produced.
- the second focal length f2 of the display system 20 is smaller than the first focal length f1 , and the second depth of field D2 is larger than the first depth of field D1 .
- the display module 21 needs to transmit the film sources required for the close-up and distant views respectively at 2N, and At the same time, the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 switches between the flat state and the 1/4-wave plate state at 2N. That is to say, within 1/2N s (second), the close-up view given by the display module 21, the first The second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 is powered on to obtain the flat state; after 1/2N s, the display module 21 switches to the distant view, and at the same time the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 switches to the 1/4-wave plate state. , and continuously alternate with this sequence to achieve VR display with multiple depths of field per eye.
- the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application uses a switchable liquid crystal wave plate, and the voltage applied to the liquid crystal wave plate can cause the liquid crystal wave plate to switch between two optical states at a higher frequency.
- the voltage applied to the liquid crystal wave plate can cause the liquid crystal wave plate to switch between two optical states at a higher frequency.
- two different focal lengths and virtual image distances can be generated, and the 2D film source of the display module 21 can be used to display different information at two times.
- time division multiplexing people can see to two images with different virtual image distances to achieve single-eye multi-depth VR display.
- the reflective polarizer 28 is a wire grid polarizer (WGP, Wire Grid Polarizer), and the wire grid polarizer can be integrated on the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 .
- Wire grid polarizer is a wire grid metal design that transmits light of one polarization state while reflecting light of another polarization state.
- the reflective polarizer 28 in the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application is integrated on the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 using WGP, thereby further improving the resource utilization of the overall system, and there is no attachment problem.
- the semi-reflective mirror 26 is a semi-reflective film coated on the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 .
- the display system 20 may also include a second lens 29.
- the second lens 29 is located in the light path from the reflective polarizer 28 to the eye side, so that it can be used to change the focal length of the display system 20 and send the generated image to Specify the depth of field position, and the imaging quality can be changed.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 it is shown that the display system 20 includes a second lens 29 .
- the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to including only one second lens 29 . In other embodiments, the display system 20 of the embodiment of the present application may not include a second lens, or may include more second lenses.
- the display system 20 realizes images with two depths of field by switching between two optical states of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 27 .
- the display system of the second embodiment is also provided below.
- Figure 3 reveals a schematic diagram of the light path of the display system 30 according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a first light path.
- Figure 4 reveals a schematic diagram of the light path of the display system 30 of the second embodiment of the present application when it has a second light path;
- Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the display system 30 according to the second embodiment of the present application when it has a third optical path is disclosed;
- Figure 6 discloses a schematic diagram of the display system 30 when it has a fourth optical path according to the second embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the optical path.
- the display system 30 of the second embodiment further includes a switchable half-wave plate.
- the switchable half-wave plate includes a liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 .
- the switchable half-wave plate in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the form of a liquid crystal wave plate.
- the switchable half-wave plate in the embodiment of the present application can also be in the form of other wave plates that can change the wave plate. achieved in the form of optical states.
- the following is a schematic explanation taking the switchable half-wave plate as the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 as an example.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is located in the optical path between the display module 21 and the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 .
- the angle between the optical axis of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 and the optical axis of the linear polarizer 23 is 22.5 degrees.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 has electrodes and a liquid crystal layer 313 between the electrodes.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 can have different optical states when driven by different voltages.
- FIG. 7 reveals a schematic diagram of the optical path of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 before and after power-on according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 (HWP, Half Wave Plate) may include, for example, a planar first electrode 311 , a planar second electrode 312 , and a planar first electrode 312 . 311 and the planar second electrode 312.
- the arrangement state of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 313 can be changed, so that the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 can have different optical states.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 may have a second optical state and a fifth optical state.
- the second optical state includes a plate state
- the fifth optical state may include, for example, a 1/2 wave plate state.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 313 of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 maintain the initial horizontal arrangement, and the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the initial 1/2 wave. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is relatively large.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 313 of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 are arranged vertically, and the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in a flat state. At this time, the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 The refractive index is smaller.
- the electrodes of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 include a plurality of staggered arrangements.
- the liquid crystal layer 373 is located between the plurality of annular electrodes 371 .
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 may further have a third optical state and a fourth optical state in addition to the first optical state and the second optical state mentioned in the first embodiment. state.
- the third optical state may include, for example, a Fresnel convex lens state
- the fourth optical state may include, for example, a Fresnel concave lens state.
- FIG. 9 reveals a schematic diagram of the optical path of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 under application of different voltages according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 when the second voltage Vop2 is applied to the entire surface of the annular electrode 371 of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 , the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the 1/4-wave plate state. , the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 has a large refractive index; when the third voltage Vop3 is applied to the entire surface of the annular electrode 371 of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37, the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 has a large refractive index. 37 is in a flat state.
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 has a very small refractive index; when the fourth voltage Vop4 is applied to the ring electrode 371 of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37, the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 The quarter-wave plate 37 is in the Fresnel convex lens state; when the fifth voltage Vop5 is applied to the annular electrode 371 of the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37, the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the Fresnel state. concave lens state.
- the applied second voltage Vop2 is greater than the third voltage Vop3
- the applied fourth voltage Vop4 and the fifth voltage Vop5 are respectively between the second voltage Vop2 and the third voltage Vop3
- the fourth voltage Vop4 and the fifth voltage Vop5 is the gradient voltage.
- the voltage applied to the ring electrode 371 of the outermost ring is the highest and the refractive index is the lowest, which is equivalent to the edge area of the convex lens; and the middle one has the highest voltage and the lowest refractive index.
- the voltage applied to the annular electrode 371 of that ring is the lowest and has the highest refractive index, which is equivalent to the bulging part in the middle of the convex lens.
- the applied voltage is opposite.
- the controller (not shown) in the display system 30 can respectively apply The voltages on the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24, the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 and the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 are controlled to generate images with four depths of field.
- the controller can control the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 to switch between the 1/4-wave plate state and the flat plate state, and control the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 to switch between the 1/4-wave plate state, Switch between the flat plate state, the Fresnel convex lens state and the Fresnel concave lens state, and control the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 to switch between the 1/2 wave plate state and the flat plate state.
- Table 2 below shows changes in the optical states of the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31, the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24, and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 when realizing images with four depths of field.
- the display As shown in Figure 3, when the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the flat state, the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the 1/4-wave plate state, and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the flat state, the display The light emitted by the module 21 passes through the linear polarizer 23 to generate linearly polarized light. For example, assuming that the light output of the linear polarizer 23 is 0° and the light efficiency is 1, the 0° linearly polarized light passes through the half-wave of the liquid crystal in the flat state.
- the 0° linearly polarized light directly enters the first liquid crystal quarter wave plate 24, and passes through the 1/4 The first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 in the wave plate state then becomes right-handed circularly polarized light. Then, the right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the first lens 25 and the half-reflective half-lens 26 in sequence, and the polarization state remains unchanged. However, since the half-reflective mirror 26 transmits half of any polarized light and reflects half, the light efficiency becomes 1/2 at this time, and then passes through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 in the flat state without changing the polarization state. Finally, the right-hand circularly polarized light reaches the reflective polarizer 28.
- the transmission axis of the reflective polarizer 28 is 90°. At this time, the 90° linearly polarized light is directly emitted. At this time, the overall light emission effect is 1/4, and the display system 30 has a straight first optical path. At this time, the display system 30 has a first focal length f1 and generates an image with a first depth of field D1.
- the display module 23 when the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the flat state, and the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 and the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 are both in the 1/4-wave plate state, the display module The light emitted by 21 passes through the linear polarizer 23 to produce linearly polarized light. For example, taking the light output of the linear polarizer 23 as 0° and the light efficiency as 1, the 0° linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 in a flat state. , without changing the polarization state, the 0° linearly polarized light directly enters the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24.
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 since the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the 1/4-wave plate state, it then becomes Right-hand circularly polarized light, then, this right-hand circularly polarized light passes through the first lens 25 and the half-reflective half-lens 26 in sequence, and the polarization state remains unchanged. However, since the half-reflective half-lens 26 transmits half and reflects half of any polarized light, Therefore, the light efficiency becomes 1/2 at this time, and the right-hand circularly polarized light reaches the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 in the 1/4-wave plate state. At this time, the right-hand circularly polarized light passes through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37.
- the 0° linearly polarized light After the half-wave plate 37 returns to 0° linearly polarized light, the 0° linearly polarized light reaches the reflective polarizer 28. Since the reflective polarizer 28 transmits 90° linearly polarized light and reflects 0° linearly polarized light, therefore, 0° The linearly polarized light is reflected back after entering the reflective polarizer 28; when it passes through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 in the 1/4-wave plate state for a second time, it becomes right-handed circularly polarized light again. The right-handed circularly polarized light After the light passes through the half-reflective half-lens again, the polarization changes to left-handed circularly polarized light.
- the light efficiency becomes 1/4; the left-handed circularly polarized light passes through the second liquid crystal quarter wave in the 1/4 wave plate state for the third time. After the film 37, it becomes 90° linearly polarized light. Since the reflective polarizer 28 transmits the 90° linearly polarized light and reflects the 0° linearly polarized light, the 90° linearly polarized light can then emerge from the reflective polarizer 28. At this time, The overall light emission effect is 1/4. The polarized light is reflected once between the semi-reflective mirror 26 and the reflective polarizer 28 and then emerges from the reflective polarizer 28.
- the display system 30 has a second optical path that is folded (pancake).
- the display system 30 has a second focal length f2 and generates an image with a second depth of field D2.
- the second focal length f2 is smaller than the first focal length f1, and the second depth of field D2 is larger than the first depth of field D1.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the 1/2-wave plate state
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the flat plate state
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the Fresnel convex lens state.
- the 0° linearly polarized light passing through the linear polarizer 23 is modulated to 90° linearly polarized light (and the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 (the optical axis is consistent), and then passes through the first liquid crystal quarter wave plate 24, the first lens 25 and the half mirror 26 in the flat state in sequence, the polarization state remains unchanged, and the 90° linearly polarized light reaches the second Liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37.
- the 90° linearly polarized light does not change after passing through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37.
- the polarization state is finally directly emitted from the reflective polarizer 28 (which transmits 90° linearly polarized light and reflects 0° linearly polarized light).
- the display system 30 has another direct third optical path.
- the display system 30 has a third focal length. f3 and produces an image of the third depth of field D3, and the third focal length f3 is smaller than the second focal length f2, and the third depth of field D3 is larger than the second depth of field D2.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the 1/2-wave plate state
- the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 is in the flat plate state
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the Fresnel concave lens state.
- the liquid crystal half-wave plate 31 is in the 1/2-wave plate state, for example, the 0° linearly polarized light passing through the linear polarizer 23 is modulated to 90° linearly polarized light (and the first liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 24 (the optical axis is consistent), and then passes through the first liquid crystal quarter wave plate 24, the first lens 25 and the half mirror 26 in the flat state in sequence, the polarization state remains unchanged, and the 90° linearly polarized light reaches the second Liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37.
- the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37 is in the Fresnel concave lens state, the 90° linearly polarized light does not change after passing through the second liquid crystal quarter-wave plate 37.
- the polarization state is finally directly emitted from the reflective polarizer 28, and the display system 30 has another direct fourth optical path.
- the display system 30 has a fourth focal length f4 and generates an image with a fourth depth of field D4, and the fourth The focal length f4 is greater than the first focal length f1, and the fourth depth of field D4 is less than the first depth of field D1.
- the images of the above four depths of field can be switched at high frequency, so that the remaining images in human vision can be Finally, it is merged into a three-dimensional effect to achieve a single-eye multi-depth VR display with more detailed images.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a display device.
- the display device may include the display system described in each of the above embodiments.
- the display device may be a virtual reality display device. In another embodiment, the display device may be an augmented reality display device.
- the display device has substantially similar beneficial technical effects to the display system described above, and therefore will not be described again here.
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种显示系统及显示装置。该显示系统包括用于发射光的显示模组,显示模组上贴附有线偏光片,用于产生线偏振光,显示系统从显示模组至眼睛侧的光路中还包括可切换的第一四分之一波片、第一透镜、半反半透镜、可切换的第二四分之一波片以及反射偏光片,第一四分之一波片和第二四分之一波片均具有电极,第一四分之一波片在第一电压下驱动且第二四分之一波片在第二电压下驱动以使显示系统产生第一景深的像,第一四分之一波片在该第一电压下驱动且第二四分之一波片在第三电压下驱动以使显示系统产生第二景深的像,其中,第一景深与第二景深不同。本申请的显示系统及显示装置能够实现单眼多景深的VR显示。
Description
本申请涉及光学成像技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示系统及显示装置。
目前,市面上的VR((Virtual Reality,虚拟现实)设备通常都是常规双目视差3D显示,左右眼分别在一定景深处看到左右眼图像,从而在脑部产生立体画面。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种显示系统及显示装置,能够实现单眼多景深的VR显示。
本申请实施例的一个方面提供一种显示系统。所述显示系统包括用于发射光的显示模组,所述显示模组上贴附有线偏光片,用于产生线偏振光,所述显示系统从所述显示模组至眼睛侧的光路中还包括可切换的第一四分之一波片、第一透镜、半反半透镜、可切换的第二四分之一波片以及反射偏光片,所述第一四分之一波片和所述第二四分之一波片均具有电极,所述第一四分之一波片在第一电压下驱动且所述第二四分之一波片在第二电压下驱动以使所述显示系统产生第一景深的像,所述第一四分之一波片在所述第一电压下驱动且所述第二四分之一波片在第三电压下驱动以使所述显示系统产生第二景深的像,其中,所述第一景深与所述第二景深不同。
本申请实施例的另一个方面提供一种显示装置。所述显示装置包括如上所述的显示系统。
本申请一个或多个实施例的显示系统及显示装置通过使用可切变的波片,通过施加于波片上的电压可以使波片以较高的频率在几种光学状态
之间进行切换,并与其他光学器件匹配,从而可以产生多个不同的焦距及虚像距,配合显示模组的2D片源在多个时刻下显示不同的信息,通过时分复用的方式,使人看到多个不同虚像距的画面,实现单眼多景深的VR显示。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本申请的实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1为本申请第一实施例的显示系统在具有第一光路时的光路示意图;
图2为本申请第一实施例的显示系统在具有第二光路时的光路示意图;
图3为本申请第二实施例的显示系统在具有第一光路时的光路示意图;
图4为本申请第二实施例的显示系统在具有第二光路时的光路示意图;
图5为本申请第二实施例的显示系统在具有第三光路时的光路示意图;
图6为本申请第二实施例的显示系统在具有第四光路时的光路示意图;
图7为本申请一个实施例的液晶半波片在加电前后的光程示意图;
图8为本申请一个实施例的第二液晶四分之一波片的环形电极的截面示意图;
图9为本申请一个实施例的第二液晶四分之一波片在施加不同电压下的光程示意图。
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明,其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时,除非另有表示,不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施例并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施例。相反,它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些
方面相一致的装置的例子。
在本申请实施例使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的,而非旨在限制本申请。除非另作定义,本申请实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“多个”或者“若干”表示两个及两个以上。除非另行指出,“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明,而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而且可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式,除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解,本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
第一实施例
图1揭示了本申请第一实施例的显示系统20在具有第一光路时的光路示意图,图2揭示了本申请第一实施例的显示系统20在具有第二光路时的光路示意图。如图1和图2所示,本申请第一实施例的显示系统20包括用于发射光的显示模组21,显示模组21上贴附有线偏光片(L-pol)23,可以用来产生线偏振光。显示系统20从显示模组21至眼睛侧的光路中还包括可切换的第一四分之一波片(QWP,Quarter Wave Plate)(称为QWP1)、第一透镜25、半反半透镜(Half mirror)26、可切换的第二四分之一波片(QWP2)27以及反射偏光片(ReP,Reflective Polarizer)28。
在一些实施例中,可切换的第一四分之一波片包括第一液晶(LC,Liquid Crystal)四分之一波片24;和/或,可切换的第二四分之一波片包括第二液晶四分之一波片27。当然,本申请实施例的第一四分之一波片和第二四分之一波片并不局限于采用液晶波片的形式,在其他实施例中,本申请实施例的可切换的第一四分之一波片和可切换的第二四分之一波片也可以采用其他能够改变波片的光学状态的形式来实现。以下将以可切换的第一四分之一波片为第一液晶四分之一波片24及可切换的第二四分之一波片为第二液晶四分之一波片27为例来进行示意性说明。
本申请实施例的显示系统20通过在显示模组21贴附线偏光片23的基础上结合第一液晶四分之一波片24,第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27为同样设计方案的液晶波片,因此,不存在波长分散性匹配的问题,极大地提高了设计的主动性。
本申请实施例的第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27均具有电极及位于电极之间的液晶层。第一液晶四分之一波片24在不同电压的驱动下能够具有不同的光学状态,第二液晶四分之一波片27在不同电压的驱动下也能够具有不同的光学状态。
在一些实施例中,第一液晶四分之一波片24在第一电压下驱动且第二液晶四分之一波片27在第二电压下驱动以使显示系统产生第一景深的像,第一液晶四分之一波片24在该第一电压下驱动且第二液晶四分之一波片27在第三电压下驱动以使显示系统20产生第二景深的像,其中,第一景深与第二景深不同。从而,通过施加在第一液晶四分之一波片24的电极上的电压和第二液晶四分之一波片27的电极上的电压,可以使本申请实施例的显示系统20产生第一景深的像和第二景深的像。例如,第一电压和第三电压可以为低电压,第二电压可以为高电压。第一电压可以与第三电压相等,例如都等于0。
第一液晶四分之一波片24的光轴和第二液晶四分之一波片27的光轴相互正交,第一液晶四分之一波片24的光轴和第二液晶四分之一波片27的
光轴分别与线偏光片23的光轴之间的夹角为45度,反射偏光片28的光轴与线偏光片23的光轴相互正交。例如,以起偏的线偏光片23作为0°参考角,则配合线偏光片23产生圆偏振光的第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27中的其中一个波片的光轴为+45°,另一个波片的光轴为-45°,反射偏光片28的光轴为90°,半反半透镜26为一种分光镜,其对任意偏振光透射一半反射一半,无光轴,从而能够更好地权衡光线透射和反射的量。
在一些实施例中,第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27例如可以包括面状的第一电极、面状第二电极以及位于面状的第一电极和面状的第二电极之间的液晶层。通过施加于各自的面状的第一电极和面状的第二电极上的电压,可以改变各自液晶层中液晶分子的排布状态,从而可以使第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27分别具有不同的光学状态。
第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27均具有第一光学状态和第二光学状态。第一光学状态例如可以包括1/4波片(QWP)状态,第二光学状态例如可以包括平板(off)状态。
在第一液晶四分之一波片24和/或第二液晶四分之一波片27的电极未施加电压时,第一液晶四分之一波片24和/或第二液晶四分之一波片27处于1/4波片状态。在第一液晶四分之一波片24和/或第二液晶四分之一波片27的电极上施加电压时,第一液晶四分之一波片24和/或第二液晶四分之一波片27处于平板状态。
在一些实施例中,本申请实施例的显示系统20还可以包括控制器(未图示)。控制器可以分别对施加于第一液晶四分之一波片24的电极和第二液晶四分之一波片27的电极上的电压进行控制以产生两个景深的像。例如,控制器可以控制第一液晶四分之一波片24始终处于1/4波片状态,及控制第二液晶四分之一波片27在1/4波片状态和平板状态之间进行切换。
以下表一示出了第一液晶四分之一波片24及第二液晶四分之一波片27在实现两个景深的图像时的光学状态的变化情况。
表一
以下将结合图1和图2并配合参照表一来对本申请实施例的显示系统20的两种光路进行详细说明。
如图1所示,在第一液晶四分之一波片24处于1/4波片状态,第二液晶四分之一波片27处于平板状态时,显示模组21发出的光经过线偏光片23,产生线偏振光,例如,以线偏光片23的出光为0°,光效为1为例,0°线偏振光经过例如45°光轴放置的第一液晶四分之一波片24,此时,由于第一液晶四分之一波片24处于1/4波片状态,之后变成右旋圆偏振光,接着,该右旋圆偏振光依次经过第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,但是由于半反半透镜26为对任意偏振光透射一半反射一半,因此,此时光效变为1/2,之后经过处于平板状态的第二液晶四分之一波片27,不改变偏振状态,最终还是以右旋圆偏振光到达反射偏光片28,反射偏光片28的透过轴是90°,此时以90°线偏振光直接射出,此时,整体出光效果为1/4,显示系统20具有直通的第一光路,此时,显示系统20具有第一焦距f1并产生第一景深D1的像。
如图2所示,在第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片27均处于1/4波片状态时,显示模组21发出的光经过线偏光片23,产生线偏振光,例如,以线偏光片23的出光为0°,光效为1为例,0°线偏振光经过例如45°光轴放置的第一液晶四分之一波片24,此时,由于第一液晶四分之一波片24处于1/4波片状态,之后变成右旋圆偏振光,接着,该右旋圆偏振光依次经过第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,但是由于半反半透镜
26为对任意偏振光透射一半反射一半,因此,此时光效变为1/2,以右旋圆偏振光到达处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片27,由于第二液晶四分之一波片27的光轴与第一液晶四分之一波片24的光轴正交,第二液晶四分之一波片27的光轴为-45°,此时,右旋圆偏振光经过第二液晶四分之一波片27之后重新回到0°线偏振光,0°线偏振光到达反射偏光片28,由于反射偏光片28透射90°线偏振光而反射0°线偏振光,因此,0°线偏振光在射入反射偏光片28之后被反射回去;二次经过处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片27时重新成为右旋圆偏振光,该右旋圆偏振光再次经过半反半透镜后偏光改变为左旋圆偏光,此时,光效变为1/4;左旋圆偏振光第三次经过处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片27后变为90°线偏振光,由于反射偏光片28透射90°线偏振光而反射0°线偏振光,因此,该90°线偏振光进而可以从反射偏光片28出光,此时,整体出光效果为1/4。偏振光在半反半透镜26与反射偏光片28之间折返一次后从反射偏光片28出射,显示系统20具有折叠(pancake)的第二光路,此时,显示系统20具有第二焦距f2并产生第二景深D2的像。
如图1和图2所示,显示系统20的第二焦距f2小于第一焦距f1,第二景深D2大于第一景深D1。
当显示系统20显示的刷新频率为N Hz(赫兹)(N=45、60、72、90或者更高)时,则需要显示模组21以2N分别输送近景和远景所需的片源,与此同时,第二液晶四分之一波片27以2N进行平板状态和1/4波片状态的切换,也就是说,1/2N s(秒)内,显示模组21给的近景,第二液晶四分之一波片27加电得到平板状态;1/2N s之后,显示模组21切换到远景,与此同时第二液晶四分之一波片27切换到1/4波片状态,以此序列不断交替,实现单眼多景深的VR显示。
本申请实施例的显示系统20通过使用可切变的液晶波片,通过施加于液晶波片上的电压可以使液晶波片以较高的频率在两个光学状态之间进行切
换,并与其他光学器件匹配,从而可以产生两个不同的焦距及虚像距,配合显示模组21的2D片源在两个时刻下显示不同的信息,通过时分复用的方式,使人看到两个不同虚像距的画面,实现单眼多景深的VR显示。
在一些实施例中,反射偏光片28为线栅偏光片(WGP,Wire Grid Polarizer),线栅偏光片可以集成在第二液晶四分之一波片27上。线栅偏光片为一种线栅金属设计,透过一个偏振态的同时反射另外一个偏振态的光。
本申请实施例的显示系统20中的反射偏光片28采用WGP集成在第二液晶四分之一波片27上,从而进一步提高了整体系统的资源利用率,并且,不存在贴附问题。
在一些实施例中,半反半透镜26为一种镀膜在第二液晶四分之一波片27上的半反半透膜。
在一些实施例中,显示系统20还可以包括第二透镜29,第二透镜29位于反射偏光片28至眼睛侧的光路中,从而可以用来改变显示系统20的焦距,将产生的像送至指定的景深位置,并且,可以改变成像质量。在图1和图2中示出显示系统20包括一个第二透镜29。然而,本申请实施例的显示系统20并不局限于仅包括一个第二透镜29。在其他实施例中,本申请实施例的显示系统20也可以不包括第二透镜,或者,也可以包括更多个第二透镜。
在上面所述的第一实施例中,显示系统20通过第二液晶四分之一波片27的两个光学状态的切换,从而实现了两个景深的像。为了能够使得图像立体融合的效果更加细腻,以下还提供了第二实施例的显示系统。
第二实施例
图3揭示了本申请第二实施例的显示系统30在具有第一光路时的光路示意图,图4揭示了本申请第二实施例的显示系统30在具有第二光路时的光路示意图;图5揭示了本申请第二实施例的显示系统30在具有第三光路时的光路示意图;图6揭示了本申请第二实施例的显示系统30在具有第四光路时
的光路示意图。结合参照图3至图6所示,与第一实施例的显示系统20所不同的是,第二实施例的显示系统30还进一步包括可切换的半波片。在一些实施例中,可切换的半波片包括液晶半波片31。当然,本申请实施例的可切换的半波片并不局限于采用液晶波片的形式,在其他实施例中,本申请实施例的可切换的半波片也可以采用其他能够改变波片的光学状态的形式来实现。以下将以可切换的半波片为液晶半波片31为例来进行示意性说明。
液晶半波片31位于显示模组21与第一液晶四分之一波片24之间的光路中。液晶半波片31的光轴与线偏光片23的光轴之间的夹角为22.5度。
类似地,液晶半波片31具有电极及位于电极之间的液晶层313。液晶半波片31在不同电压的驱动下能够具有不同的光学状态。
图7揭示了本申请一个实施例的液晶半波片31在加电前后的光程示意图。如图7所示,在一些实施例中,液晶半波片31(HWP,Half Wave Plate)例如可以包括面状的第一电极311、面状的第二电极312以及位于面状的第一电极311和面状的第二电极312之间的液晶层313。通过施加于其面状的第一电极311和面状的第二电极312上的电压,可以改变液晶层313中液晶的排布状态,从而可以使液晶半波片31分别具有不同的光学状态。
液晶半波片31可以具有第二光学状态和第五光学状态。第二光学状态包括平板状态,第五光学状态例如可以包括1/2波片状态。
参照图7,在液晶半波片31的电极未施加电压时,液晶半波片31的液晶层313中的液晶分子保持初始的水平排布方式,液晶半波片31处于初始的1/2波片状态,此时,液晶半波片31的折射率较大。当在液晶半波片31的电极上施加电压时,液晶半波片31的液晶层313中的液晶分子呈竖直排布,液晶半波片31处于平板状态,此时,液晶半波片31的折射率较小。
与第一实施例的显示系统20还不同的是,如图8所示,在第二实施例的显示系统30中,第二液晶四分之一波片37的电极包括交错排布的多个环
形电极371,液晶层373位于多个环形电极371之间。通过施加于其环形电极371上的电压的不同,可以改变其液晶层373中液晶分子的排布状态,从而可以使第二液晶四分之一波片37具有多个不同的光学状态。
在一个实施例中,第二液晶四分之一波片37除了具有第一实施例所提到的第一光学状态和第二光学状态之外,还可以进一步具有第三光学状态和第四光学状态。第三光学状态例如可以包括菲涅尔凸透镜状态,第四光学状态例如可以包括菲涅尔凹透镜状态。
图9揭示了本申请一个实施例的第二液晶四分之一波片37在施加不同电压下的光程示意图。如图9所示,在第二液晶四分之一波片37的环形电极371整面施加第二电压Vop2时,第二液晶四分之一波片37处于1/4波片状态,此时,第二液晶四分之一波片37具有大的折射率;在第二液晶四分之一波片37的环形电极371整面施加第三电压Vop3时,第二液晶四分之一波片37处于平板状态,此时,第二液晶四分之一波片37具有很小的折射率;在第二液晶四分之一波片37的环形电极371施加第四电压Vop4时,第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凸透镜状态;在第二液晶四分之一波片37的环形电极371施加第五电压Vop5时,第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凹透镜状态。
在一个实施例中,施加的第二电压Vop2大于第三电压Vop3,施加的第四电压Vop4和第五电压Vop5分别介于第二电压Vop2和第三电压Vop3之间,并且,第四电压Vop4和第五电压Vop5为渐变电压。例如,在第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凸透镜状态时,最外面那一环的环形电极371上施加的电压最高,折射率最低,相当于凸透镜的最边缘区域;而中间那一环的环形电极371上施加的电压最低,折射率最高,相当于凸透镜的中间鼓起的部分。而当第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凹透镜状态时,则施加的电压与之相反。
在第二实施例中,显示系统30中的控制器(未图示)可以分别对施加
于第一液晶四分之一波片24、第二液晶四分之一波片37和液晶半波片31上的电压进行控制以产生四个景深的像。例如,控制器可以控制第一液晶四分之一波片24在1/4波片状态和平板状态之间进行切换,控制第二液晶四分之一波片37在1/4波片状态、平板状态、菲涅尔凸透镜状态和菲涅尔凹透镜状态之间进行切换,及控制液晶半波片31在1/2波片状态和平板状态之间进行切换。
以下表二示出了液晶半波片31、第一液晶四分之一波片24及第二液晶四分之一波片37在实现四个景深的图像时的光学状态的变化情况。
表二
以下将结合图3至图6并配合参照表二来对本申请实施例的显示系统30的四种光路进行详细说明。
如图3所示,在液晶半波片31处于平板状态,第一液晶四分之一波片24处于1/4波片状态及第二液晶四分之一波片37处于平板状态时,显示模组21发出的光经过线偏光片23,产生线偏振光,例如,以线偏光片23的出光为0°,光效为1为例,0°线偏振光经过处于平板状态的液晶半波片31,不改变偏振状态,0°线偏振光直通进入到第一液晶四分之一波片24,经过处于1/4
波片状态的第一液晶四分之一波片24之后变成右旋圆偏振光,接着,该右旋圆偏振光依次经过第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,但是由于半反半透镜26为对任意偏振光透射一半反射一半,因此,此时光效变为1/2,之后经过处于平板状态的第二液晶四分之一波片37,不改变偏振状态,最终还是以右旋圆偏振光到达反射偏光片28,反射偏光片28的透过轴是90°,此时以90°线偏振光直接射出,此时,整体出光效果为1/4,显示系统30具有直通的第一光路,此时,显示系统30具有第一焦距f1并产生第一景深D1的像。
如图4所示,在液晶半波片31处于平板状态,第一液晶四分之一波片24和第二液晶四分之一波片37均处于1/4波片状态时,显示模组21发出的光经过线偏光片23,产生线偏振光,例如,以线偏光片23的出光为0°,光效为1为例,0°线偏振光经过处于平板状态的液晶半波片31,不改变偏振状态,0°线偏振光直通进入到第一液晶四分之一波片24,此时,由于第一液晶四分之一波片24处于1/4波片状态,之后变成右旋圆偏振光,接着,该右旋圆偏振光依次经过第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,但是由于半反半透镜26为对任意偏振光透射一半反射一半,因此,此时光效变为1/2,以右旋圆偏振光到达处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片37,此时,右旋圆偏振光经过第二液晶四分之一波片37之后重新回到0°线偏振光,0°线偏振光到达反射偏光片28,由于反射偏光片28透射90°线偏振光而反射0°线偏振光,因此,0°线偏振光在射入反射偏光片28之后被反射回去;二次经过处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片37时重新成为右旋圆偏振光,该右旋圆偏振光再次经过半反半透镜后偏光改变为左旋圆偏光,此时,光效变为1/4;左旋圆偏振光第三次经过处于1/4波片状态的第二液晶四分之一波片37后变为90°线偏振光,由于反射偏光片28透射90°线偏振光而反射0°线偏振光,因此,该90°线偏振光进而可以从反射偏光片28出光,此时,整体出光效果为1/4。偏振光在半反半透镜26与反射偏光片28之间折返一次后从反射偏光片28出射,显示系统30具有折叠(pancake)的第二光路,此时,
显示系统30具有第二焦距f2并产生第二景深D2的像,并且,第二焦距f2小于第一焦距f1,第二景深D2大于第一景深D1。
如图5所示,在液晶半波片31处于1/2波片状态,第一液晶四分之一波片24处于平板状态及第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凸透镜状态时,由于液晶半波片31处于1/2波片状态,因此,把经过线偏光片23的例如0°线偏振光调制到90°线偏振光(和第一液晶四分之一波片24的光轴一致),然后,依次经过处于平板状态的第一液晶四分之一波片24、第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,90°线偏振光到达第二液晶四分之一波片37,此时由于第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凸透镜状态,所以,90°线偏振光经过第二液晶四分之一波片37之后不改变偏振状态,最终从反射偏光片28(透射90°线偏振光而反射0°线偏振光)直接射出,显示系统30具有另一种直通的第三光路,此时,显示系统30具有第三焦距f3并产生第三景深D3的像,并且,第三焦距f3小于第二焦距f2,第三景深D3大于第二景深D2。
如图6所示,在液晶半波片31处于1/2波片状态,第一液晶四分之一波片24处于平板状态及第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凹透镜状态时,由于液晶半波片31处于1/2波片状态,因此,把经过线偏光片23的例如0°线偏振光调制到90°线偏振光(和第一液晶四分之一波片24的光轴一致),然后,依次经过处于平板状态的第一液晶四分之一波片24、第一透镜25和半反半透镜26,偏振状态保持不变,90°线偏振光到达第二液晶四分之一波片37,此时由于第二液晶四分之一波片37处于菲涅尔凹透镜状态,所以,90°线偏振光经过第二液晶四分之一波片37之后不改变偏振状态,最终从反射偏光片28之后直接射出,显示系统30具有又一种直通的第四光路,此时,显示系统30具有第四焦距f4并产生第四景深D4的像,并且,第四焦距f4大于第一焦距f1,第四景深D4小于第一景深D1。
以上四个景深的像可以高频率进行切换,从而,可以在人眼视觉残留
后融合成一种立体效果,实现图像更加细腻的单眼多景深的VR显示。
本申请实施例还提供了一种显示装置。该显示装置可以包括如上各个实施例所述的显示系统。
在一个实施例中,显示装置可以是一种虚拟现实显示装置。在另一个实施例中,显示装置可以是一种增强现实显示装置。
本申请实施例的显示装置具有与上面所述的显示系统大体相类似的有益技术效果,故,在此不再赘述。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的显示系统及显示装置进行了详细的介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本申请实施例的显示系统及显示装置进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的核心思想,并不用以限制本申请。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请的精神和原理的前提下,还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也均应落入本申请所附权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (18)
- 一种显示系统,其特征在于,其包括用于发射光的显示模组,所述显示模组上贴附有线偏光片,用于产生线偏振光,所述显示系统从所述显示模组至眼睛侧的光路中还包括可切换的第一四分之一波片、第一透镜、半反半透镜、可切换的第二四分之一波片以及反射偏光片,所述第一四分之一波片和所述第二四分之一波片均具有电极,所述第一四分之一波片在第一电压下驱动且所述第二四分之一波片在第二电压下驱动以使所述显示系统产生第一景深的像,所述第一四分之一波片在所述第一电压下驱动且所述第二四分之一波片在第三电压下驱动以使所述显示系统产生第二景深的像,其中,所述第一景深与所述第二景深不同。
- 如权利要求1所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述反射偏光片为线栅偏光片,所述线栅偏光片集成在所述第二四分之一波片上。
- 如权利要求1所述的显示系统,其特征在于,还包括一个或多个第二透镜,所述一个或多个第二透镜位于所述反射偏光片至眼睛侧的光路中。
- 如权利要求1所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一四分之一波片的光轴和所述第二四分之一波片的光轴相互正交,所述反射偏光片的光轴与所述线偏光片的光轴相互正交。
- 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一四分之一波片具有第一光学状态,所述第二四分之一波片具有所述第一光学状态和第二光学状态,其中,在所述第一四分之一波片处于所述第一光学状态,所述第二四分之一波片处于所述第二光学状态时,所述显示系统具有第一光路和第一焦距并产生所述第一景深的像;在所述第一四分之一波片和所述第二四分之一波片均处于所述第一光学状态时,所述显示系统具有第二光路和第二焦距并产生所述第二景深的像,并且,所述第二焦距小于所述第一焦距,所述第二景深大于所述第一景深。
- 如权利要求5所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一光学状态包括 1/4波片状态,所述第二光学状态包括平板状态。
- 如权利要求5所述的显示系统,其特征在于,还包括控制器,所述控制器用于对施加于所述第一四分之一波片的电极和所述第二四分之一波片的电极上的电压进行控制以产生两个景深的像。
- 如权利要求5所述的显示系统,其特征在于,还包括可切换的半波片,所述半波片位于所述显示模组与所述第一四分之一波片之间的光路中,所述半波片具有电极,所述半波片在不同电压的驱动下具有不同的光学状态。
- 如权利要求8所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述半波片具有所述第二光学状态,在所述显示系统具有所述第一光路或所述第二光路时,所述半波片均处于所述第二光学状态。
- 如权利要求9所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一四分之一波片还具有所述第二光学状态,所述第二四分之一波片还具有第三光学状态,所述半波片还具有第五光学状态,其中,在所述半波片处于所述第五光学状态,所述第一四分之一波片处于所述第二光学状态,所述第二四分之一波片处于所述第三光学状态时,所述显示系统具有第三光路和第三焦距并产生第三景深的像,并且,所述第三焦距小于所述第二焦距,所述第三景深大于所述第二景深。
- 如权利要求10所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第二四分之一波片还具有第四光学状态,在所述半波片处于所述第五光学状态,所述第一四分之一波片处于所述第二光学状态,所述第二四分之一波片处于所述第四光学状态时,所述显示系统具有第四光路和第四焦距并产生第四景深的像,并且,所述第四焦距大于所述第一焦距,所述第四景深小于所述第一景深。
- 如权利要求11所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第二四分之一波片的电极包括交错排布的多个环形电极。
- 如权利要求12所述的显示系统,其特征在于,在所述第二四分之一波片的环形电极整面施加所述第二电压时,所述第二四分之一波片处于所述第一光学状态;在所述第二四分之一波片的环形电极整面施加所述第三电 压时,所述第二四分之一波片处于所述第二光学状态;在所述第二四分之一波片的环形电极分别施加第四电压或第五电压时,所述第二四分之一波片分别处于所述第三光学状态或所述第四光学状态。
- 如权利要求13所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第四电压和所述第五电压分别介于所述第二电压和所述第三电压之间,并且,所述第四电压和所述第五电压为渐变电压。
- 如权利要求11所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一光学状态包括1/4波片状态,所述第二光学状态包括平板状态,所述第三光学状态包括菲涅尔凸透镜状态,所述第四光学状态包括菲涅尔凹透镜状态,所述第五光学状态包括1/2波片状态。
- 如权利要求11所述的显示系统,其特征在于,还包括控制器,所述控制器用于对施加于所述第一四分之一波片的电极、所述第二四分之一波片的电极和所述半波片的电极上的电压进行控制以产生四个景深的像。
- 如权利要求8所述的显示系统,其特征在于,所述第一四分之一波片包括第一液晶四分之一波片;和/或,所述第二四分之一波片包括第二液晶四分之一波片;和/或,所述半波片包括液晶半波片。
- 一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至17中任一项所述的显示系统。
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US20180180889A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-06-28 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Head mounted display |
CN111443491A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种光学显示系统及控制方法、显示装置 |
CN214474230U (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-10-22 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 光学系统以及头戴式显示设备 |
CN114660807A (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种近眼显示装置 |
CN115047628A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 显示系统及显示装置 |
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US20180180889A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-06-28 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Head mounted display |
CN111443491A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种光学显示系统及控制方法、显示装置 |
CN114660807A (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种近眼显示装置 |
CN214474230U (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-10-22 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 光学系统以及头戴式显示设备 |
CN115047628A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 显示系统及显示装置 |
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