WO2024000933A1 - Cap assembly, battery, battery module, battery pack, and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A cap assembly, a battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle. The cap assembly (11) is used for a battery (1); the battery (1) comprises a battery cell (13) and a housing (12) for accommodating the battery cell (13); the cap assembly (11) comprises a convergence disc (112) and a cover plate (111); the convergence disc (112) is provided in the housing (12), and the convergence disc (112) is attached to the top of the battery cell (13) so as to be connected to first electrode tabs (131) of the battery cell (13); the cover plate (111) is provided at the bottom of the housing (12) and is connected to second electrode tabs (132) of the battery cell (13); welding portions (1111) and explosion-proof valves (1112) are arranged on the cover plate (111); each of the welding portions (1111) protrudes in the direction close to the battery cell (13) relative to the cover plate (111); and each of the explosion-proof valves (1112) protrudes in the direction away from the battery cell (13) relative to the cover plate (111). According to the cap assembly of the present application, a heat dissipation effect on the battery cell is ensured while a stable connection with the battery cell can be achieved, and thus, the service life of the battery.

Description

Cap components, batteries, battery modules, battery packs and vehicles

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202221650564.6, which was submitted to the China Patent Office on June 28, 2022. The entire content of the above application is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of battery technology, for example, to a cap assembly, a battery, a battery module, a battery pack and a vehicle.

Background technique

Batteries are widely used in daily life. Batteries in related technologies mainly include battery cells, battery casings and cap components. The battery cells are placed in the battery casing and the tabs of the battery cells are bent and brought together and then connected to the cap component to achieve capping. The component is electrically connected to the battery core and the battery case is sealed. However, the cap component in the related art cannot ensure a stable connection with the battery core tabs and at the same time ensure the heat dissipation effect of the battery core.

Contents of the invention

This application proposes a cap assembly that can achieve stable connection with the battery core while ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the battery core and extending the service life of the battery.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a cap assembly for a battery. The battery includes a battery core and a shell for accommodating the battery core. The cap assembly includes:

A bus plate, the bus board is arranged in the housing, and the bus board is attached to the top of the battery core to be connected to the first pole lug of the battery core;

A cover plate is provided at the bottom end of the housing and is connected to the second pole lug of the battery core. A welding portion and an explosion-proof valve are provided on the cover plate. The welding portion is relative to the The cover plate protrudes in a direction close to the battery core, and the explosion-proof valve protrudes relative to the cover plate in a direction away from the battery core.

In one embodiment, there are multiple explosion-proof valves, and the plurality of explosion-proof valves are respectively arranged around the cover plate.

In one embodiment, a plurality of welding parts are provided, and a plurality of welding parts are arranged around the cover plate.

In one embodiment, the welding parts and the explosion-proof valves are staggered.

In one embodiment, the welding portion is arc-shaped, and the arc length of the welding portion is greater than half the radius of the battery core.

In one embodiment, the width of the explosion-proof valve is less than half the radius of the housing.

The embodiment of the present application proposes a battery. By applying the above-mentioned cap assembly, the connection with the battery core can be achieved stably while ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the battery core and extending the service life of the battery.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery. The battery includes a battery core, a casing and a cap assembly as described above. The casing is used to accommodate the battery core, and the cap assembly is respectively connected to the cap assembly. The battery core is connected to the housing.

The embodiment of the present application proposes a battery module that uses the above-mentioned battery to improve the voltage resistance of the entire battery, ensure structural stability, and extend the service life of the battery.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery module. The battery module includes a plurality of batteries as described above, and the plurality of batteries are arranged in multiple rows and in multiple columns.

The embodiment of the present application proposes a battery pack. By applying the above-mentioned battery module, it can achieve stable connection with the battery core while ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the battery core and extending the service life of the battery.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack, including a box and the above-mentioned battery module, and the battery module is disposed in the box.

The embodiment of the present application proposes a vehicle, which can achieve stable connection with the battery core while ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the battery core by applying the above-mentioned battery pack, thereby extending the service life of the battery.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, including a vehicle body and a battery pack as described above, and the battery pack is disposed in the vehicle body.

The beneficial effects of this application are: this application provides a cap assembly, a battery, a battery module, a battery pack and a vehicle. The welding part of the cap assembly protrudes relative to the cover plate in a direction close to the battery core. The explosion-proof valve of the cap assembly Relative to the cover plate, which protrudes in the direction away from the battery core, that is, there is a distance h ₁ between the top surface of the cover plate and the bottom surface of the second pole tab, and there is a distance h ₂ between the bottom surface of the explosion-proof valve and the bottom surface of the second pole tab, so that It can be seen that h ₂ > h ₁ > 0, so h ₁ can be used to absorb the force generated when the battery core expands. The height difference between h ₂ and h ₁ can be used to collect blasting gas, ensuring that the cover plate and the second electrode The lug connection is stable while preventing the battery from spontaneous combustion and explosion due to excessive internal pressure, thereby improving battery safety. This application has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble and assemble, and can achieve stable connection with the battery core while ensuring the heat dissipation effect on the battery core and extending the service life of the battery.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by a specific embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by a specific embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery provided by the specific embodiment of the present application in an explosion state;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of position A in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of B in Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a bottom view of a battery provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along the C-C direction in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of D in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a bottom view of another battery provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;

Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram along the E-E direction in Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of F in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs:

1. Battery; 10. Vehicle; 101. Battery pack; 102. Car body; 1011. Battery module; 1012. Box;

11. Cap assembly; 111. Cover plate; 1111. Welding part; 1112. Explosion-proof valve; 11121. Explosion-proof notch; 1113. Limiting part; 1114. Liquid injection hole; 112. Manifold; 113. Terminal; 114. Suction Energy structure; 1141, sealing ring; 1142, plastic gasket; 11421, first annular groove; 11422, second annular groove; 11423, isolation part;

12. Shell;

13. Battery core; 131. First pole tab; 132. Second pole tab;

14. Solder part; 15. Welding bead part.

Detailed ways

In the description of this application, unless otherwise explicitly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly provided and limited, the term "above" or "below" a first feature to a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or it may also include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature. Two features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Furthermore, the terms "above", "above" and "above" a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inside", "Outside", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axis", "Radial", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated such as "circumferential direction" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation. Constructed and operated in a specific orientation and therefore should not be construed as limiting this application. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

As shown in Figure 13, this embodiment provides a vehicle 10, which includes a vehicle body 102 and a battery pack 101. The battery pack 101 is arranged in the vehicle body 102. The battery pack 101 provides power to the vehicle body 102 to drive the vehicle body to move. . The battery pack 101 includes a box 1012 and a battery module 1011. The battery module 1011 is arranged in the box 1012, and the box 1012 plays a role in fixing and protecting the battery module 1011. For example, in order to maximize the maximum amount of electricity that can be stored by the entire battery module, as shown in FIG. 1 , the battery module includes multiple batteries 1 , and the multiple batteries 1 are arranged in multiple rows and in multiple columns. The number and specific arrangement of batteries 1 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and are not limited in this embodiment.

As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the battery includes a battery core 13, a casing 12 and a cap assembly 11. The casing 12 is used to accommodate the battery core 13. The cap assembly 11 is connected to the battery core 13 and the casing 12 respectively. The cap assembly 11 includes a cover plate 111 , a manifold plate 112 and a terminal 113 . The cover plate 111 is arranged at the bottom end of the housing 12 and is connected to the second pole lug 132 of the battery core 13 . The manifold plate 112 is attached to the battery core 13 The top end is connected to the first pole lug 131 of the battery core 13. The terminal 113 is passed through the top end of the housing 12 and is electrically connected to the bus plate 112. There is a gap between the top end of the bus board 112 and the bottom end of the terminal 113. . In this embodiment, the first pole tab 131 is a positive pole tab, and the second pole tab 132 is a negative pole tab.

The cap assembly 11 in this embodiment creates a gap between the bus plate 112 and the terminal 113 to avoid friction and collision during assembly and use, ensuring the working performance and service life of the battery 1 as much as possible, and also ensuring the battery 1 as long as possible. The number of parts required for the cap assembly 11 is reduced, manufacturing costs are saved, and disassembly and assembly procedures are reduced. The cap assembly 11 can avoid friction and collision during assembly and use, ensure the working performance and service life of the battery 1 as much as possible, and can also reduce the number of parts required for the cap assembly 11 as much as possible, saving manufacturing costs, and The disassembly and assembly process is reduced.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the cap assembly 11 also includes an energy-absorbing structure 114 . The energy-absorbing structure 114 is connected to the terminal 113 , the housing 12 and the manifold 112 respectively, and the energy-absorbing structure 114 It is configured so that a gap exists between the top end of the bus plate 112 and the bottom end of the terminal 113 . By providing the energy-absorbing structure 114, it can play a shock-absorbing and buffering role between the terminal 113, the housing 12, and the busbar 112, thereby enhancing the ability of the battery 1 to withstand vibration and impact, and extending the service life of the entire battery 1.

Exemplarily, the energy-absorbing structure 114 includes a sealing ring 1141 and a plastic gasket 1142. The sealing ring 1141 is located between the housing 12 and the terminal 113. The plastic gasket 1142 is located between the housing 12 and the manifold 112, and the sealing ring 1141 passes through On the plastic pad 1142. It can be understood that by providing the sealing ring 1141, the sealing between the terminal 113 and the housing 12 can be achieved, and the safety of use of the cap assembly 11 can be ensured. And through the cooperation of the sealing ring 1141 and the plastic gasket 1142, a gap exists between the top end of the bus plate 112 and the bottom end of the terminal 113. For example, the material of the sealing ring 1141 may be electrolyte-resistant rubber or elastic plastic.

In this embodiment, the surface of the plastic pad 1142 is concave and convex to absorb the stress generated by the plastic pad 1142 when it swells, reduce the pressure of the stress on the battery core 13 and the housing 12, and absorb the pressure generated by the expansion of the battery core 13 due to charging. .

For example, a plurality of first annular grooves 11421 are provided on the top surface of the plastic pad 1142. The plurality of first annular grooves 11421 are equidistantly distributed in the radial direction to improve the shock absorption and buffering effect of the entire energy-absorbing structure 114. A plurality of second annular grooves 11422 are provided on the bottom surface of the plastic pad 1142, and the plurality of second annular grooves 11422 are equidistantly distributed in the radial direction. The plastic pad 1142 will swell in the electrolyte of the battery 1. The first annular groove 11421 and the second annular groove 11422 can absorb the stress generated by the plastic pad 1142 when it swells and reduce the stress on the battery core 13 and the case. 12 pressure, when the battery core 13 is expanded due to charging, the expansion pressure of the battery core 13 can also be absorbed through the first annular groove 11421 and the second annular groove 11422.

For example, the first annular groove 11421 and the second annular groove 11422 are staggered, so that the surface of the plastic pad 1142 is uneven to enhance the shock-absorbing and buffering effect of the entire plastic pad 1142.

In this embodiment, the edge of the plastic pad 1142 extends in the direction close to the manifold 112 to form an isolation part 11423. The plastic pad 1142 can be covered on the manifold 112 through the isolation part 11423. The side of the isolation part 11423 away from the manifold 112 is in contact with the shell. The inner wall of the body 12 is in contact with each other, and the side peripheral wall of the manifold 112 is separated from the inner wall of the case 12 through the isolation portion 11423, thereby avoiding direct contact between the manifold plate 112 and the case 12 and improving the voltage resistance of the entire battery 1. Illustratively, manifold 112 is made of aluminum.

Among them, as shown in Figures 6 to 12, the cover plate 111 is provided with a welding portion 1111 and an explosion-proof valve 1112. The welding portion 1111 protrudes relative to the cover plate 111 in a direction close to the battery core 13. The explosion-proof valve 1112 is located relative to the cover plate. 111 protrudes in a direction away from the battery core 13, and is welded to the second pole lug 132 of the battery core 13 through the welding portion 1111, and has an explosion-proof function for the battery core 13 through the explosion-proof valve 1112. Since the welding portion 1111 protrudes relative to the cover plate 111 in a direction closer to the battery core 13 , the explosion-proof valve 1112 protrudes relative to the cover plate 111 in a direction away from the battery core 13 , that is, the top surface of the cover plate 111 is in contact with the second pole lug. The bottom surface of 132 has a distance h ₁ , and the bottom surface of the explosion-proof valve 1112 and the bottom surface of the second pole lug 132 have a distance h ₂ , so it can be seen that h ₂ > h ₁ > 0, so h ₁ can be used to absorb the energy generated when the battery core 13 expands The force, the height difference between h ₂ and h ₁ can be used to collect the blasting gas, ensure the stable connection between the cover plate 111 and the second pole tab 132, avoid the spontaneous combustion and explosion of the battery 1 due to excessive internal pressure, and improve Battery 1 safety.

For example, the width of the explosion-proof valve 1112 is less than half the radius of the housing 12 to minimize the exhaust space required for the entire battery module.

For example, the explosion-proof valve 1112 is provided with an explosion-proof score 11121, and the explosion-proof score 11121 is formed by stamping, so that when the internal pressure of the battery 1 is too high, the gas in the casing 12 can be released along the explosion-proof score 11121, reducing the The gas release causes damage to the surroundings of the battery 1 .

For example, multiple welding portions 1111 are provided, and the plurality of welding portions 1111 are arranged in a ring on the cover plate 111 to ensure the stability of the connection with the second pole tab 132 . By way of example, three welding parts 1111 are provided.

For example, as shown in Figure 7 or Figure 10, the welding portion 1111 is arc-shaped, and the arc length of the welding portion 1111 is greater than half the radius of the battery core 13 to ensure as much as possible the contact area between the battery core 13 and the cover plate 111. Maximum, improve the stability of the electrical connection between the two. In other embodiments, the welding part 1111 may also have other shapes, as long as the welding part 1111 and the second pole tab 132 can be welded stably, which is not limited in this embodiment.

For example, multiple explosion-proof valves 1112 are provided, and the multiple explosion-proof valves 1112 are respectively arranged around the cover plate 111 to improve the explosion-proof performance. By way of example, three explosion-proof valves 1112 are provided.

For example, the welded parts 1111 and the explosion-proof valves 1112 are staggered to ensure balanced force on the entire cover 111 to improve gas circulation within the housing 12 .

In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10 , the cover plate 111 is also provided with a liquid injection hole 1114 for liquid injection or exhaust.

For example, the liquid injection hole 1114 coincides with the axis of the battery core 13 , that is, the liquid injection hole 1114 is provided in the center of the cover plate 111 to ensure balanced force on the entire cover plate 111 .

For example, the cover plate 111 protrudes along the edge of the liquid injection hole 1114 in a direction close to the battery core 13 to form a liquid injection boss, thereby increasing the structural strength of the middle part of the cover plate 111 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 , a limiting portion 1113 is also provided at the outer peripheral edge of the cover 111 . The limiting portion 1113 protrudes toward the battery core 13 relative to the cover 111 to surround the second battery core 13 . The pole tab 132, that is, the positioning of the second pole tab 132 through the limiting portion 1113, can enhance the strength of the entire cover plate 111, and can also facilitate the subsequent accurate welding of the second pole tab 132 and the welding portion 1111 to avoid welding. During the process, the second pole tab 132 is deflected due to force and is close to the inner wall of the casing 12 , resulting in poor welding and poor performance of the battery core 13 . In addition, since the limiting portion 1113 can surround the second pole tab 132, damage to the second pole tab 132 when assembling the battery core 13 can also be avoided.

For example, the surface of the limiting portion 1113 in contact with the second pole tab 132 is inclined to improve the constraining ability of the second pole tab 132 and avoid the second pole tab 132 from being offset as much as possible.

Considering that after the battery core 13 is put into the case 12 through the opening at the bottom end of the case 12, it needs to be covered and fixed at the opening by the cover plate 111, that is, the outer peripheral edge of the cover plate 111 and the outer edge of the case 12 are soldered. The bottom ends are welded together, so that the solder portion 14 is formed at the connection between the housing 12 and the cover 111 , thereby achieving a stable connection between the cover 111 and the housing 12 .

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 , in other embodiments, a first chamfer can also be provided on the housing 12 along the edge of the opening, and a corresponding second chamfer can be provided on the cover 111 . When welding When the cover plate 111 and the shell 12 are welded, the weld bead portion 15 can be formed at the connection between the shell 12 and the cover plate 111 , which not only facilitates welding and reduces stress concentration, but also improves the stability of the connection between the cover plate 111 and the shell 12 sex.

In the description of this specification, reference to the description of the terms "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims (10)

1. A cap assembly for a battery. The battery includes a battery core (13) and a housing (12) for accommodating the battery core (13), including:

   The busbar (112) is arranged in the housing (12), and the busbar (112) is attached to the top of the battery core (13) to connect with the battery core. The first pole lug (131) of (13) is connected;

   Cover plate (111), the cover plate (111) is arranged at the bottom end of the housing (12) and is connected to the second pole tab (132) of the battery core (13), the cover plate (111) 111) is provided with a welding part (1111) and an explosion-proof valve (1112). The welding part (1111) protrudes relative to the cover plate (111) in a direction close to the battery core (13). The explosion-proof The valve (1112) protrudes relative to the cover plate (111) in a direction away from the electric core (13).
2. The cap assembly according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of explosion-proof valves (1112) are provided, and a plurality of explosion-proof valves (1112) are respectively arranged around the cover plate (111).
3. The cap assembly according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of said welding parts (1111) are provided, and a plurality of said welding parts (1111) are circumferentially provided on the said cover plate (111).
4. The cap assembly according to claim 3, wherein the welding parts (1111) and the explosion-proof valves (1112) are staggered.
5. The cap assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the welding portion (1111) is arc-shaped, and the arc length of the welding portion (1111) is greater than half of the battery core (13 )radius.
6. The cap assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the width of the explosion-proof valve (1112) is less than one-half the radius of the housing (12).
7. A battery, the battery includes a battery core (13), a casing (12) and the cap assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the casing (12) is used to accommodate the battery core ( 13), the cap assembly is connected to the battery core (13) and the housing (12) respectively.
8. A battery module, the battery module includes a plurality of batteries according to claim 7, and the plurality of batteries are arranged in multiple rows and in multiple columns.
9. A battery pack includes a box body and a battery module as claimed in claim 8, wherein the battery module is arranged in the box body.
10. A vehicle includes a vehicle body and a battery pack according to claim 9, wherein the battery pack is disposed in the vehicle body.

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