WO2024000779A1 - Light guide plate and display assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A light guide plate (33), comprising a bottom surface (11), a light exit surface (13) and a light incident surface (15). The bottom surface (11) and the light exit surface (13) are arranged opposite to each other. Furthermore, the light incident surface (15) connects the bottom surface (11) to the light exit surface (13). The bottom surface (11) has a plurality of microstructures, which comprise protruding structures (19) and recessed structures (17). The protruding structures (19) on the bottom surface (11) protrude towards the side distant from the light exit surface (13). The recessed structures (17) on the bottom surface (11) are recessed towards the light exit surface (13). The recessed structures (17) comprise first surfaces (171) facing the interior of the light guide plate (33). The first surfaces (171) face the light incident surface (15). The protruding structures (19) comprise second surfaces (191) facing the interior of the light guide plate (33). The second surfaces (191) are extended surfaces of the first surfaces (171). In the light guide plate and a backlight module, the area of an effective reflecting surface is increased, such that the light lead-out efficiency is increased. The protruding structures have the effects of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening at the top. A brightness enhancement film of the backlight module can be omitted, thereby reducing a film layer of the backlight module, simplifying the structure and assembly process, and also increasing the light energy utilization rate. Also provided is a display assembly comprising the light guide plate.

Description

Light guide plate and display components

This application claims priority from Chinese patent application numbers 202210738453.9 and 202221628421.5 titled "Light Guide Plate and Display Assembly" submitted on June 27, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a light guide plate and a display assembly.

Background technique

For side-type light guide plates, in order for light to emit from the light guide plate, the total reflection condition within the light guide plate needs to be destroyed. The commonly used solution is to provide microstructures on the lower surface of the light guide plate, so that the light coupled into the light guide plate changes the direction of propagation after being reflected by the microstructure, and is incident on the upper surface of the light guide plate at a larger incident angle.

Currently, the peak angle of light emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate is around 80°, that is, the light energy emitted from the light guide plate has a large exit angle, and the energy distribution in the front field of view of the light guide plate is weak. In a transmissive liquid crystal display scenario, in order to enhance the energy distribution in the front view field of the light guide plate, it is usually necessary to add two layers of brightness enhancement film to collect the energy from a large viewing angle and deflect the angle to the front view field angle. However, adding a brightness-enhancing film will cause the backlight module to have multiple film layers, a complex structure, and multiple assembly processes, which will affect the yield of the final product. It will also lead to problems such as low light energy utilization.

In a reflective LCD display scenario, due to the characteristics of the LCD screen, the light incident on the LCD screen needs to have a characteristic angular distribution. In particular, the light emitted from the light guide plate needs to be adjusted to emit from a specific angle, such as 15°, to meet the display effect.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a light guide plate and a display assembly to improve the light export efficiency, simplify the structure of the module, and improve the utilization rate of light energy.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the present invention provides a light guide plate, the light guide plate includes a bottom surface, a light exit surface and a light entrance surface, the bottom surface and the light exit surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the light entrance surface The surface connects the bottom surface and the light-emitting surface. The bottom surface is provided with a plurality of microstructures. The microstructures include convex structures and recessed structures. The convex structures face away from the light-emitting surface on the bottom surface. One side is convex, and the recessed structure is recessed on the bottom surface toward the light-emitting surface. The recessed structure includes a first surface facing the inside of the light guide plate, and the first surface faces the light-incident surface. The protruding structure includes a second surface facing the inside of the light guide plate, and the second surface is an extension surface of the first surface.

Further, the cross-section of the first surface and the second surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a first straight line and/or a first arc, and The angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 0.5° to 55°.

Further, the cross-section of the first surface and the second surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a first straight line and/or a first arc, wherein ,

The angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 0.5°~5°; or, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 5° to 35°; or, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the tangent of the first arc and the The angle between the bottom surface and the bottom surface is 35° to 55°; or the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the tangent line of the first arc and the bottom surface is 30° to 50°.

Further, the recessed structure is in the shape of a semi-circular cone with the top and one side of the circular cone cut off respectively. The top surface of the semi-circular cone is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface and the semi-circular cone are in the shape of a semi-circular cone. The lower bottom surface of the platform intersects at one point, the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular platform is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-circular platform, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure is that the top and one side of the circular platform are respectively The truncated part is in the shape of a semi-circular cone, the top surface of the semi-circular cone is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone intersect on a straight line, and the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone is Perpendicular to the axis of the semicircular cone, the top surface forms the first surface; alternatively, the recessed structure is a semicylindrical shape formed by truncating portions of the top and one side of the cylinder, and the top surface of the semicylinder The top surface is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect at a point, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure has a top surface that is tilted relative to the axis. It is cylindrical, and the top surface intersects with the lower bottom surface of the cylinder at a point, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure is formed by truncating parts of the top and one side of the cylinder respectively. Semi-cylindrical shape, the top surface of the semi-cylinder is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect in a straight line, the top surface forms the first surface; or, The recessed structure is a hemisphere in which parts of the spherical cap are cut off from two different angles. The top surface formed by cutting off part of the spherical cap from one of the angles is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the hemisphere. The top surface forms the first surface; alternatively, the recessed structure is a hemisphere with a truncated portion of the spherical cap, and the top surface formed by the truncated portion of the spherical cap is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the hemisphere, and all the surfaces of the hemisphere are The top surface forms the first surface.

Further, the depth dimension of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.5 μm~20 μm, the height dimension of the protruding structure is 0.2 μm~3 μm, and the depth dimension of the recessed structure of the microstructure is the same as the height dimension of the protruding structure. The height-to-dimension ratio is 4 to 12; or, the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.2 μm to 3 μm, and the height dimension (H2) of the protruding structure is 0.5 μm to 20 μm, and the The ratio of the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure to the height dimension (H2) of the convex structure is 1/12~1/4.

Further, the length dimension of the microstructure is 10 μm~150 μm, and the first width dimension of the microstructure is 10 μm~150 μm, where the length dimension refers to the direction perpendicular to the light incident surface of the microstructure. The first width dimension refers to the size of the microstructure along the direction parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface.

Further, the microstructure further includes a third surface, the first surface is connected to the third surface, and a part of the third surface and the first surface are respectively two side surfaces of the recessed structure.

Further, the section line of the third surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a second straight line, a second arc or a broken line, and the second straight line is connected to the second straight line. The angle between the bottom surface, the tangent line of the second arc and the bottom surface, or the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface is 40° to 80°.

Further, the section line of the third surface on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface is a straight line; or, the third surface is at least partially a conical surface, and the third surface is on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface. A section line on a reference plane is at least partially an arc.

Further, the cross-sections of the first surface and the third surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by an arc; and/or the top of the protruding structure The corners are transitioned by arcs.

The present invention also provides a display assembly, including a light source, a light guide plate and a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. The light guide plate is the light guide plate described in any one of the above, and the light source is disposed on the light incident side of the light guide plate. On one side, the light guide plate is located on the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel.

The present invention also provides a display assembly, including a light source, a light guide plate and a reflective liquid crystal display panel. The light guide plate is the light guide plate described in any one of the above, and the light source is arranged on the light incident side of the light guide plate. On one side, the light guide plate is located on the light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the light guide plate and display assembly of the present invention, by arranging microstructures including concave structures and convex structures on the bottom surface of the light guide plate, the cooperation between the first surface and the second surface increases the effective reflective surface area, improving the light export efficiency; at the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other films; and when the light guide plate is used in a transmissive liquid crystal backlight module , the brightness enhancement film can be omitted, thereby reducing the film layers of the backlight module, simplifying the structure and assembly process, and improving the utilization rate of light energy; and when the light guide plate is used in the front light module of the reflective liquid crystal, the front light can be improved Light splitting ratio and light energy utilization within the field range.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light guide plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial structural diagram of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 .

4 a to 4 g are structural schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the recessed structure of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 .

Figure 5a is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5b is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of a conventional light guide plate.

Figures 5c and 5d are the horizontal field of view light intensity distribution diagram and the vertical field of view light intensity distribution diagram of the light guide plate with different tilt angles and the conventional light guide plate shown in Figure 1.

Figure 5e is a diagram showing the relationship between the inclination angle of the reflective surface of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1, the emission angle of the light source, and the number of reflections.

Figures 5f and 5g are distributed as the projection view of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 3 on the XY plane and the YZ plane.

Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped microstructure.

Figure 6b is the projection of the microstructure shown in Figure 6a on the XY plane.

Figure 6c is the projection of the microstructure shown in Figure 6a on the YZ plane.

Figure 6d is a schematic diagram of the viewing angle of light reflected by the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 3.

Figure 6e is a schematic diagram of the viewing angle of light reflected by the microstructure shown in Figure 6a.

Figure 7a is a comparison diagram of the average energy intensity of the emitted light at different tilt angles α of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 and the average energy intensity of the emitted light of the conventional dot light guide plate.

Figure 7b shows a comparison of the peak energy intensity of the emitted light of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 at different tilt angles α and that of the conventional dot light guide plate.

Figure 7c is a graph showing the half-peak width curve of the emitted light energy of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 at different tilt angles α.

8a and 8b are structural schematic diagrams of the first and second surfaces of the microstructural structure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1, where the cross-sections are arc lines.

8 c and 8 d are structural schematic diagrams of the microstructural structure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 , in which the cross-section lines of the first surface and the second surface are arc lines.

FIG. 8e is a schematic structural diagram of the third surface of the microstructural structure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 including a conical surface.

Figure 8f is a structural schematic diagram showing an arc transition between the connection between the first surface and the third surface of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 and the top corner of the protruding structure.

FIG. 9 is another partial structural diagram of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display component according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display component according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between effective light extraction and ineffective light extraction and the viewing angle respectively according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the light guide plate of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13 .

FIG. 15a is a relationship diagram between the inclination angle α of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 14 and the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface.

FIG. 15b is another relationship diagram between the inclination angle α of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 14 and the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface.

FIG. 16 a is a diagram showing the relationship between the duty cycle of the microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 14 and the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface 15 .

FIG. 16b is an explanatory diagram of the duty cycle in FIG. 16a.

Figure 17a is a schematic structural diagram of a lenticular lens of the light guide plate shown in Figure 14.

Figure 17b is a schematic structural diagram of another lenticular lens of the light guide plate shown in Figure 14.

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the microprism structure of the prism sheet of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13 .

Figures 19a and 19b are distribution diagrams of the emitted light intensity of the light guide plate shown in Figure 14 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

20a and 20b are distribution diagrams of the relative intensity of the emitted light in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13 in one embodiment.

20c and 20d are horizontal and vertical distribution diagrams of the emitted light energy of an embodiment of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13.

FIG. 20e is a simulation diagram of the distribution of the emitted light energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13 according to one embodiment.

FIG. 21 is another structural schematic diagram of the microprism structure of the prism sheet of the backlight module shown in FIG. 13 .

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the light guide plate of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the microprism structure of the prism sheet of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 25 is a light intensity distribution diagram of the backlight module of this embodiment when the light guide plate shown in FIG. 22 has different tilt angles α when the vertex angle of the microprism structure of the prism sheet in FIG. 24 is 63°.

Figures 26a and 26b are comparison diagrams of the horizontal and vertical intensity distributions of emitted light from backlight modules with different architectures.

FIG. 27 is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of an embodiment of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 28 is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of another embodiment of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 .

FIG. 29a is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the backlight module of the fifth embodiment.

Figure 29b is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of an embodiment of the backlight module shown in Figure 29a.

FIG. 30 is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy when the connection between the fourth surface and the fifth surface of the microprism structure of the prism sheet of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 is a rounded corner.

FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of the light guide plate of the backlight module shown in FIG. 31 .

Figure 33a is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of the light guide plate shown in Figure 32.

FIG. 33b is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of an embodiment of the backlight module shown in FIG. 31 .

FIG. 33c is a distribution diagram of the emitted light energy of another embodiment of the backlight module shown in FIG. 31 .

Detailed ways

In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended inventive purpose, the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and features of the display panel and light guide plate proposed according to the present invention are described below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments. Efficacy, detailed description is as follows:

First embodiment

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light guide plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The light guide plate of this embodiment can be applied to the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel, and can also be applied to the light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel. As shown in FIG. 1 , the light guide plate includes a bottom surface 11 , a light-emitting surface 13 and a light-incident surface 15 . The bottom surface 11 and the light-emitting surface 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and the light-incident surface 15 connects the bottom surface 11 and the light-emitting surface 13 . The bottom surface 11 is provided with a plurality of microstructures. The microstructures include a recessed structure 17 and a protruding structure 19. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 faces the light emitting surface on the bottom surface 11. Surface 13 is sunken. The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light incident surface 15 . The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The second surface 191 is an extension of the first surface 171 surface (that is, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are located on the same plane). It can be understood that the microstructure is a dot microstructure, which can be irregularly distributed on the bottom surface 11 or arranged in a matrix or other regular patterns.

In this embodiment, please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3 at the same time. The first surface 171 is a plane. That is to say, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 . The section line on R1 is the first straight line, and the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~55°. Specifically, the first surface 171 may be in a shape such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a combination of a trapezoid and a circle, a combination of a rectangle and a circle, or a combination of a circle and a circle.

In this embodiment, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.5 μm ~ 20 μm, and the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.2 μm ~ 3 μm. The depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is different from the protruding structure 19 The ratio of the height dimension H2 is 4~12. The length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10 μm ~ 150 μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10 μm ~ 150 μm, where the length dimension refers to the size of the microstructure along the direction perpendicular to the light incident surface 15, and the first width dimension refers to the microstructure. The dimensions of the structure along the direction parallel to the light incident surface 15 and the light exit surface 13.

Specifically, when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle α between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~5°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.5μm~8μm, The height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.2 μm~1 μm, the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 4~12, and the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 50 μm~150 μm. , the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10 μm ~ 120 μm; when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5° ~ 35°, the recessed structure of the microstructure The depth dimension H1 of 17 is 2 μm ~ 15 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.3 μm ~ 3 μm, the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the microstructure recessed structure 17 to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 4 ~ 12, The length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~100μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm; when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle α between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface is 35°~55 °, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 4 μm ~ 20 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.2 μm ~ 3 μm, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is the same as the height dimension of the protruding structure 19 The ratio of H2 is 4~12, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~80μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm. The length dimension refers to the dimension of the microstructure along the direction perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 , and the first width dimension refers to the dimension of the microstructure along the direction parallel to the light incident surface 15 and the light exit surface 13 .

In some embodiments, when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle α between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 30° to 50°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 2 μm to 15 μm. , the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.1μm~3μm, the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 4~12, and the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~ 60μm, the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10μm~60μm.

In this embodiment, the microstructure also includes a third surface 174. The first surface 171 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the first surface 171 are respectively two side surfaces of the recessed structure 17.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. The first straight line and the second straight line in this article are just to distinguish the cross-sections of different surfaces and do not refer to specific straight lines.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is a straight line.

Specifically, the section line where the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 meet on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle, and the top corner of the protruding structure 19 is a sharp angle.

In this embodiment, the microstructured recessed structure 17 is in the form of a prism. The two adjacent sides of the prism form the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 of the recessed structure 17 respectively. The connection between the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 is The section line on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the recessed structure 17 is a triangular prism.

It is understood that the recessed structure 17 can also have other shapes. In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 4a, the recessed structure 17 may be in the shape of a semi-circular cone with the top and one side of the circular cone cut off respectively. The top surface of the semi-circular cone is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-circular cone. And the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone intersect at one point, the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface forms the first surface 171; as shown in Figure 4b , the recessed structure 17 may be in the shape of a semi-circular cone with the top and one side of the circular cone cut off respectively. The top surface of the semi-circular cone is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface and the semi-circular cone are in the shape of a semi-circular cone. The lower bottom surface intersects with a straight line, the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface forms the first surface 171; as shown in Figure 4c, the recessed structure 17 can be the top and bottom of a cylinder. One side is cut off to form a semi-cylindrical shape. The top surface of the semi-cylinder is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect at a point. The top surface forms The first surface; as shown in Figure 4d, the recessed structure 17 can be a cylinder with a top surface inclined relative to the axis, and the top surface intersects with the lower bottom surface of the cylinder at a point, and the top surface The first surface 171 is formed; as shown in Figure 4e, the recessed structure 17 can be a semi-cylindrical shape formed by truncating part of the top and one side of the cylinder respectively, and the top surface of the semi-cylinder is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder. , and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect on a straight line, and the top surface forms the first surface 171 . In the above example of the recessed structure, the lower bottom surface of the semicircular cone or the lower bottom surface of the semicylinder may be on the same plane as the bottom surface 11 of the light guide plate, and the top surface may also form the second surface 191 at the same time.

As shown in Figure 4f, the recessed structure 17 can be a hemisphere with parts of the spherical crown cut off from two different angles. The top surface formed by cutting off part of the spherical crown from one of the angles is inclined relative to the bottom surface of the hemisphere, so The top surface of the hemispherical body forms the first surface 171; as shown in Figure 4g, the recessed structure 17 can be a hemispherical body with a truncated portion of the spherical cap, and the top surface formed by truncating part of the spherical cap is opposite to the hemispherical body. The bottom surface of the body is inclined, and the top surface of the hemispherical body forms the first surface 171 . In the above example of the recessed structure, the bottom surface of the hemisphere can be on the same plane as the bottom surface 11 of the light guide plate, and the top surface can also form the second surface 191 at the same time.

For a light guide plate with the above microstructure, when light is coupled from the light incident surface 15 of the light guide plate, the light energy distribution emitted from the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate has a specific light exit angle peak. In the light guide plate shown in Figure 1, when α=10°, W1=20μm, L1=20μm, the material of the light guide plate is PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), and the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm, The energy distribution of the emitted light from the light guide plate is shown in Figure 5a. It can be seen from Figure 5a that the peak angle ω of the field of view in the vertical direction is 65°, and the half-peak width of the full field of view is 23.8°. The vertical direction is perpendicular to the light incident surface, and the horizontal direction is parallel to the light incident surface. direction. The energy distribution of the emitted light of a conventional light guide plate is shown in Figure 5b. It can be seen that compared with the conventional light guide plate, the peak angle of the emitted light of the light guide plate of this embodiment is closer to the normal direction of the light exit surface of the light guide plate, and has a smaller half-peak width value of the full field of view, which is more conducive to the direction of light energy. Front view angle adjustment.

Figure 5c and Figure 5d respectively show the horizontal field of view light intensity distribution of the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 under the reflection surface inclination angle α of different microstructures and the light guide plate with conventional dots, and the light guide plate shown in Figure 1 under different The vertical field of view light intensity distribution of the light guide plate at the tilt angle α and with conventional dots.

Please refer to Figure 5e, which is a diagram showing the relationship between the inclination angle α of the reflective surface of the light guide plate microstructure, the emission angle of the light source, and the number of reflections. It can be seen that when α>9˚, the light with the divergence angle of the light source within 0~22˚ can emerge from the light guide plate after being reflected twice by the reflective surface, and the divergence angle is >22˚. It only takes 1 reflection to shoot. It can be seen that by controlling the α angle, the number of times the light needs to be reflected in the light guide plate and the size of the exit angles ω1 and ω2 can be controlled; by controlling the α angle, the peak width of the exit angle ω, which is the difference between ω1 and ω2, can also be controlled. value.

Please refer to Figures 5f to 5g. For the microstructure shown in Figure 3, both the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are flat. The projection of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the XY plane is A’B’C’D’ in Figure 5f, and the projection on the YZ plane is B’E’F’C’ in Figure 5g. For the microstructure whose first and third surfaces are curved as shown in Figure 6a (in this microstructure, the section line of the reflective surface ADE on the reference plane parallel to the light incident surface 15 and the section line on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 The cross-sections are all arcs), the projection of the reflective surface ADE on the XY plane is shown in Figure 6b, and the projection on the YZ plane is shown in Figure 6c. It can be seen that under the same length L1, width W1 and depth H1, the microstructure shown in Figure 4 has a larger effective reflection area. Therefore, when the first surface 171 and the third surface 191 are flat, with the same length L1, width W1 and depth H1, the microstructure has a larger effective reflection area, which is more conducive to improving the light intensity of the light guide plate.

Please refer to Figures 6d and 6e. For the microstructure shown in Figure 3, in the horizontal direction, the field of view angle T1 of the reflected light is much smaller than the field of view T2 of the microstructure shown in Figure 6a, which is more conducive to the collection of light. Therefore, using the light guide microstructure shown in Figure 3 has a smaller field of view, which is more conducive to light collection, can increase the energy density of the central field of view of the light guide plate, and helps to improve the brightness of the light guide plate.

Please refer to Figure 7a, which is a comparison chart of the average energy intensity of the emitted light at different tilt angles α and that of the conventional dot light guide plate. It can be seen that the inclination angle α of the reflective surface of the microstructure affects the average light energy of the light guide plate. And compared with the conventional light guide plate (average emitted light energy 6520 lux), when the tilt angle is 7.5°<α<55°, its average light emitted energy is greater than that with conventional circular light guide dots. Therefore, the micro light of this embodiment is The structure has higher energy utilization and light guiding effect. Please refer to Figure 7b, which is a comparison chart of the peak energy intensity of the emergent light at different tilt angles α and that of the conventional dot light guide plate. It can be seen that the inclination angle α of the microstructure affects the peak energy of the emitted light of the light guide plate. And compared with conventional light guide plates (peak energy intensity of emergent light is 10.87 cd), when the tilt angle is 7.5°<α<35°, the peak energy of the emitted light is greater than the peak energy of the emitted light with conventional circular light guide dots, that is, the microstructure of this embodiment has higher energy utilization and guide light effects. When considering the average energy, the optimal angle range of the tilt angle α is 12.5°~37.5°, and further you can choose 15°~30°; while considering the peak energy, the optimal angle range of the tilt angle α is 7.5°~32.5 °, further you can choose 10°~27.5°.

Please refer to Figure 7c, which is a graph of the half-peak width of the outgoing light energy at different tilt angles α. It can be seen that there is a certain relationship between the inclination angle α of the microstructure and the distribution of the output light energy half-width value (FWHM), and the relationship is close to a linear relationship in the vertical direction. It can be seen that by adjusting the tilt angle α of the microstructure, the field angle ω of the light emitted from the light guide plate can be adjusted. At the same time, the α angle value also affects the half-peak width of the light energy emitted from the light guide plate, thereby changing the energy concentration of the light emitted from the light guide plate to meet different application areas. For example, when 0.5°<α<5°, the half-peak width of the full field of view in the vertical direction is less than 25°, which can be used in special small field of view applications, such as privacy light guide plates; when 5° When <α<35°, the half-maximum width of the full field of view in the vertical direction ranges from 25° to 64°, which can be used in mid-field applications, such as notebooks; when α>35°, its vertical direction The half-peak width of the full field of view is relatively wide, greater than 60°, and can be used for large field of view displays, such as TV.

In the light guide plate of this embodiment, by arranging a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure on the bottom surface of the light guide plate, the cooperation between the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light extraction efficiency. ; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; and when the light guide plate is used in a transmissive liquid crystal backlight module, the brightness enhancement film can be omitted, thus Reduce the film layer of the backlight module, simplify the structure and assembly process, and at the same time improve the utilization rate of light energy; and when the light guide plate is used in the front light module of reflective liquid crystal, the splitting ratio and light energy in the front field of view can be improved Utilization.

It can be understood that, please refer to Figures 8a and 8b, the cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 can also be a first arc, and the angle α between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~55°. It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 can also be straight lines and arcs (that is, including both straight lines and arcs), and the angle between the straight line and the bottom surface 11 and the arc are The angle α between the tangent line and the bottom surface is 0.5°~55°.

It can be understood that, please refer to Figure 8c and Figure 8d, the cross-section of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light-incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light-emitting surface 13 can also be a second arc, and the tangent of the second arc can be The included angle with the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a fold line, and the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. Referring to FIG. 8e , the third surface 174 is at least partially a conical surface, and the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is at least partially arc-shaped. The first arc and the second arc in this article are also to distinguish the cross-sections of different surfaces and do not refer to specific arcs.

It can be understood that, please refer to Figure 8f, the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by arcs, and the top corners of the protruding structures 19 are transitioned by Arc transition.

In another embodiment, the microstructure of the light guide plate of this embodiment is different from the microstructure of the light guide plate of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 . In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 9. The microstructure includes a recessed structure 17 and a protruding structure 19. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 faces on the bottom surface 11. The light-emitting surface 13 is sunken. The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light incident surface 15 . The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The second surface 191 is an extension of the first surface 171 surface (that is, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are located on the same plane). The microstructure also includes a third surface 174, and a second surface 191 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the second surface 191 are respectively two side surfaces of the protruding structure 19.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.2 μm ~ 3 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.5 μm ~ 20 μm, and the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is different from the protrusion. The ratio of the height dimension H2 of the structure 19 is 1/12~1/4, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 50μm~150μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10μm~120μm. Wherein, when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle α between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~5°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.2μm~1μm, as described The height dimension H2 of the protruding structure is 0.5 μm ~ 8 μm, and the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure of the microstructure to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure is 1/12 ~ 1/4; when the first straight When the angle α between the line and the bottom surface 11 or the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5°~35°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.3μm~3μm, and the height dimension of the protruding structure 19 H2 is 2 μm ~ 15 μm, and the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the microstructure recessed structure 17 to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 1/12 ~ 1/4; when the angle or arc between the first straight line and the bottom surface When the angle α between the tangent line and the bottom surface is 35°~55°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.2μm~3μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 4μm~20μm, and the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure The ratio of the depth dimension H1 to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 1/12~1/4. In some embodiments, when the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle α between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 is 30°~50°, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.1 μm~ 3 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 2 μm~15 μm, the ratio of the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure to the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 1/12~1/4, and the length dimension of the microstructure L1 is 10μm~60μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10μm~60μm.

Second embodiment

The invention also provides a display component, which is applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. Referring to FIG. 10 , a display component according to an embodiment includes a light source 31 , a light guide plate 33 and a transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 . The light guide plate 33 is the light guide plate described in the first embodiment, and the light source 31 is located at the light incident side of the light guide plate 33 . On the surface 15 side, the light guide plate 33 is located on the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 .

Specifically, the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 is disposed on one side of the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate 33. The backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 is disposed opposite to the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate 33. During assembly, the light exit surface 13 is close to the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32. The backlight side of the liquid crystal display panel 32 causes the light emitted from the light exit surface 13 to be incident on the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 . Furthermore, there may be an adhesive layer or an air layer between the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 and the light guide plate 33 .

Based on the display assembly of this embodiment, after the light is coupled into the light guide plate 33 and emitted from the light exit surface 13, it is incident from the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 into the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32, and finally passes through the transmissive liquid crystal display panel. 32 is transmitted to a light receiving device corresponding to the transmissive liquid crystal display panel 32 or a human observer.

Third embodiment

The invention also provides a display component, which is applied to a reflective liquid crystal display panel. Referring to FIG. 11 , a display assembly according to an embodiment includes a light source 31 , a light guide plate 33 and a reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 . The light guide plate 33 is the light guide plate described in the first embodiment, and the light source 31 is located at the light incident side of the light guide plate 33 . On the surface 15 side, the light guide plate 33 is located on the light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 .

Specifically, the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 is disposed on one side of the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate 33 . The light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 is opposite to the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate 33 . During assembly, the light exit surface 13 is close to the reflective display panel 34 . The light emitting side of the liquid crystal display panel 34 further causes the light emitted from the light emitting surface 13 of the light guide plate 33 to emit to the light emitting side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 . Furthermore, there may be an adhesive layer or an air layer between the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34 and the light guide plate 33 .

Based on the display component of this embodiment, the light is coupled into the light guide plate 33 and emitted from its light exit surface 13, then to the light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34, and further reflected to the reflective liquid crystal display through the reflective liquid crystal display panel 34. 34 corresponding light receiving device or human observer, etc.

In this embodiment, the angle between the first straight line of the light guide plate and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is preferably 30° to 50°.

Combining the above-mentioned light guide plate and the display component of the reflective liquid crystal display panel, based on the adjustment of the light propagation angle on the first and second surfaces of the light guide plate, the peak angle of the outgoing light is closer to the normal direction of the bottom surface, and the effective light output surface is The light emission angle is controlled in the front field of view of the light guide plate (-5°-25°), and the ineffective light of the reflective surface is controlled in a field of view greater than 50°, thereby making the effective light energy of the light exit surface of the light guide plate equal to the ineffective light energy of the bottom surface. The ratio is greater than 5:1, and the light splitting ratio in the front view field is 20:1, which significantly improves the picture contrast of the display component in the front view field and improves the utilization rate of light energy. Below, the picture contrast and light energy utilization rate of a specific display component are used as an example for explanation.

Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 for the structure of the light guide plate of the display module, where α=40°, β=80°, W1=20um, H1=7um, H2=2um, L1=20um. The material of the light guide plate is PMMA, and the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the effective light energy and ineffective light energy of the light guide plate and the field of view respectively. Please refer to Figure 12. The peak effective light angle of the light guide plate is around 0°, and 75% of the effective light energy is concentrated in the front field of view. (-5°-25°); the peak value of the ineffective light emission angle is around 73°, and only 25% of the ineffective light emission energy is concentrated in the front view field (-5°-25°); the split ratio is 9.6:1, within the front view field The light splitting ratio is 22:1, which greatly improves the light splitting ratio of the light guide plate in the front field of view.

Fourth embodiment

The invention also provides a backlight module, which can be applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. Please refer to Figure 13. The backlight module of the fourth embodiment includes a light source 31, a light guide plate 33, a reflective sheet 35 and a prism sheet 39. The light guide plate 33 includes a bottom surface 11, a light exit surface 13 and a light incident surface 15. The bottom surface 11 and the light exit surface 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and the light incident surface 15 connects the bottom surface 11 and the light exit surface 13 . The light source 31 is disposed on one side of the light incident surface 15 of the light guide plate 33. The reflective sheet 35 and the prism sheet 39 are disposed on both sides of the light guide plate 33 respectively, and the prism sheet 39 is disposed close to the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate 33. The prism sheet 39 A plurality of micro-prism structures 392 are provided on the upper surface, and the micro-prism structures 392 protrude toward the light-emitting surface 13 . Referring to Figure 14, the bottom surface 11 of the light guide plate 33 is provided with a plurality of microstructures. The microstructures include a protruding structure 19 and a concave structure 17. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 is recessed on the bottom surface 11 toward the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light-incident surface 15. The convex structure 19 includes a second surface facing the interior of the light guide plate. 191, the second surface 191 is an extension surface of the first surface 171. The cross-section of the first surface 171 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is the first straight line, and the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~5°.

In this embodiment, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.5 μm ~ 8 μm, and the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.2 μm ~ 1 μm. The depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is different from the protruding structure 19 The ratio of the height dimension H2 is 4~12, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 50μm~150μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10μm~120μm.

In this embodiment, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 decreases as the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface 15 increases.

In this embodiment, the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 decreases as the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface 15 increases. Please refer to Figure 15a. The relationship between the inclination angle α and the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface can be as shown in Figure 15a, that is, the inclination angle α changes in a stepwise manner; please refer to Figure 15b. The relationship between the inclination angle α and the distance between the microstructure and the incident surface can be shown in Figure 15a. The relationship between the distances between the light surfaces can also adopt the relationship shown in Figure 15b, that is, the inclination angle α changes continuously.

Specifically, please refer to Figure 16a. The relationship between the duty cycle of the microstructure and the distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface 15 satisfies y= 4E-05x2-0.050x+33.65, where y is the duty cycle and x is the The distance between the microstructure and the light incident surface. 16 b , the duty cycle is the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure divided by the sum of the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure and the distance D of the microstructure adjacent to the microstructure in the width direction.

In this embodiment, the microstructured recessed structure 17 also includes a third surface 174 , the first surface 171 is connected to the third surface 174 , and a part of the third surface 174 and the first surface 171 are respectively two side surfaces of the recessed structure 17 .

The section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, a second arc or a polyline, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 , the second The angle between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is a straight line.

Specifically, the section line where the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 meet on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle, and the top corner of the protruding structure 19 is a sharp angle.

In some embodiments, the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 are transitioned by arcs; and/or, the protruding structure 19 The top corner is transitioned by an arc.

In this embodiment, the microstructured recessed structure 17 is in the form of a prism. The two adjacent sides of the prism form the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 of the recessed structure 17 respectively. The connection between the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 is The section line on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the recessed structure 17 is a triangular prism. It can be understood that the recessed structure 17 can also be in other shapes as shown in Figures 4a to 4g.

In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 17a (the microstructure on the bottom surface is not shown). A plurality of lenti lens structures (lenti structures) 21 are also provided on the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate.

Specifically, the lenticular lens structure 21 extends in a direction parallel to the light incident surface 15 , the depth dimension H3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 3 μm ~ 20 μm, and the second width dimension W3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 10 μm ~ 60 μm. The depth dimension H3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 , and the second width dimension W3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 . Further, the step pitch P of the lenticular lens is the sum of the second width dimension W3 of the lenticular lens and the distance between the lenticular lenses. The lenticular lenses can be set continuously with the step pitch P, or can be set discontinuously, where the step pitch p can be is changing.

In this embodiment, the lenticular lens structure 21 is prism-shaped or cylindrical, more specifically, it can be triangular prism-shaped; the lenticular lens structure 21 can be recessed on the light-emitting surface 13 . In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17 b (the microstructure of the bottom surface is not shown), the lenticular lens structure 21 can also be cylindrical; the lenticular lens mechanism 21 can also be protruding on the light exit surface 13 .

By arranging the cylindrical lens structure 21 on the light exit surface, the viewing angle in the horizontal direction can be reduced.

By adjusting the structural shape of the cylindrical lens structure, the horizontal field of view angle of the light energy emitted from the light guide plate can be adjusted. Adding a cylindrical lens structure to the light exit surface can further compress the field of view, which can be used for small field of view displays while improving the central viewing angle. Field brightness.

In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 18. The microprism structure 392 has a period n of 10um~40um. The microprism structure includes a fourth surface 394 and a fifth surface 395 connected to each other. The fourth surface 394 and 395 of each microprism structure The included angle of the fifth surface 395 is Φ and ranges from 50° to 90°. More preferably, the included angle between the fourth and fifth surfaces 394 and 395 of each microprism structure is Φ and ranges from 60° to 76°. Wherein, the period n is the distance between two adjacent micro-prism structures 392, that is, the distance between the corresponding positions of the two adjacent micro-prism structures 392, for example, the distance between the vertex corners of the two adjacent micro-prism structures 392. distance.

In this embodiment, the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 is a sharp corner.

In the light guide plate, please refer to Figure 19a and Figure 19b. When α meets the distribution of Figure 15a, β = 80°, W1 meets the distribution of Figure 16a, L1 = 100um, the material of the light guide plate is PC, and the thickness of the light guide plate is T = 0.5 mm, a cylindrical lens structure 21 is provided on the light exit surface 13, and when the step distance p is 50um, the peak angle of the horizontal field of view of the light emitted from the light guide plate is 0°, the half-peak width in the horizontal direction is 27°, and the light exit angle of the vertical field of view is 0°. The peak value is 76°, and the half-peak width in the vertical direction is 18°. It is visible and the field of view of the emitted light is small, so it can be used as a privacy-preventing light guide plate.

In the backlight module, when α of the light guide plate meets the distribution in Figure 15a, β = 80°, W1 meets the distribution in Figure 16a, L1 = 100um, the material of the light guide plate is PC, the thickness of the light guide plate T = 0.5mm, on the light exit surface 13 When the cylindrical lens structure 21 is set, the step pitch p is 50um, the angle Φ of the vertex angle of the microprism structure 392 of the prism sheet 39 is 68°, the period n is 18um, and the height H4 of the microprism structure 392 is 14um, in this embodiment The relative intensity distribution of the emitted light of the backlight module is shown in Figures 20a and 20b, and the energy distribution of the emitted light of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown in Figures 20c and 20d. It can be seen that the peak light emission angle of the light emitted from the backlight module of this embodiment is 0° in the horizontal field of view, the half-peak width in the horizontal direction is 27°, the peak light emission angle in the vertical field of view is 0°, and the half-peak width in the vertical direction is 18°. °, the center field of view intensity is 7400cd/m2. The simulation of the emitted light energy distribution of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown in Figure 20e. It can be seen that the backlight module of this embodiment has a smaller field of view of the emitted light and can be used as an anti-peep backlight module.

As shown in Table 2, the matching relationship between the vertex angles of the PC-based light guide plate and the prism sheet of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown.

Table 2 Matching relationship between the angle values of different microstructures and the vertex angle of the prism sheet (PC base material light guide plate)

Microstructure angle α(°)	Peak angle in vertical direction (°)	Prism tip angle (°)
0.5	78.3	71
1	76.5	70
2	72.9	68
3	68.6	64
4	65.7	63
5	63.9	62

As shown in Table 3, the matching relationship between the vertex angles of the PMMA base light guide plate and the prism sheet of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown.

Table 3 Matching relationship between the angle values of different microstructures and the vertex angle of the prism sheet (PMMA base material light guide plate)

Microstructure angle α(°)	Peak angle in vertical direction (°)	Prism tip angle (°)
0.5	76.5	70
1	75.5	69
2	72.9	68
3	71	67
4	70.2	66
5	68.6	64

It can be understood that, please refer to Figure 21, the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 is a rounded corner, and the radius of curvature of the rounded corner is 2um-10um. Designing the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 as a rounded corner can reduce the loss of the prism sheet during the assembly process or damage to the sharp-corner structure.

It can be understood that the cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 may also be a first arc, and the angle α between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 0.5°~5°. It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 can also be straight lines and arcs (that is, including both straight lines and arcs), and the angle between the straight line and the bottom surface 11 and the arc are The angle α between the tangent line and the bottom surface is 0.5°~5°.

It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a second arc, and the angle between the tangent of the second arc and the bottom surface 11 is the same as the bottom surface 11 . The included angle of 11 is 40°~80°. It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a fold line, and the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. The third surface 174 is at least partially a conical surface, and the section line of the third surface 174 on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is at least partially arc-shaped.

It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by arcs, and the top corners of the protruding structures 19 are transitioned by arcs.

In another embodiment, the microstructure includes a recessed structure 17 and a protruding structure 19. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 is recessed on the bottom surface 11 toward the light-emitting surface 13. . The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light incident surface 15 . The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The second surface 191 is an extension of the first surface 171 surface (that is, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are located on the same plane). The microstructure also includes a third surface 174, and a second surface 191 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the second surface 191 are respectively two side surfaces of the protruding structure 19. Specifically, the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.2 μm~1 μm, the height dimension (H2) of the protruding structure is 0.5 μm~8 μm, and the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure is The ratio to the height dimension (H2) of the protruding structure is 1/12~1/4, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 50μm~150μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 10μm~120μm.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure. The cooperation of the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light export efficiency; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; and by setting the angle between the section line of the first surface of the light guide plate on the reference plane R1 and the bottom surface to be 0.5° ~5°, which makes the half-maximum width of the full field of view of light emitted in the vertical direction of the light guide plate narrow, and the peak angle is 76°. Then only one layer of prism sheet can be used to replace the four layers of film (i.e. the upper diffusion sheet) in the existing backlight module. , lower diffusion sheet, lower brightness enhancement film and upper brightness enhancement film). On the one hand, it simplifies the structure of the backlight module, which can save raw materials and assembly costs; on the other hand, it can also improve the light energy utilization rate of the backlight module. Compared with the existing backlight module, the light energy utilization rate is increased by 20 %~30%, and the central field of view brightness is increased by 50%.

Fifth embodiment

The invention also provides a backlight module, which can be applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. Please refer to Figure 22. The backlight module of the fifth embodiment includes a light source 31, a light guide plate 33, a reflective sheet 35, a first diffusion sheet 41 and a prism sheet. The light guide plate 33 includes a bottom surface 11, a light emitting surface 13 and a light incident surface 15. The bottom surface 11 and the light-emitting surface 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and the light-incident surface 15 connects the bottom surface 11 and the light-emitting surface 13 . The light source 31 is disposed on one side of the light incident surface 15 of the light guide plate 33. The reflective sheet 35 and the prism sheet 39 are disposed on both sides of the light guide plate 33 respectively, and the prism sheet is disposed close to the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate. The prism sheet 39 is disposed on There are a plurality of micro-prism structures 392 , which protrude toward the light-emitting surface 13 . The first diffusion sheet 41 is provided on the side of the prism sheet 39 away from the light guide plate 33 . Referring to Figure 23, the bottom surface 11 is provided with a plurality of microstructures. The microstructures include a protruding structure 19 and a recessed structure 17. The protruding structure 19 protrudes toward the side away from the light emitting surface 13 on the bottom surface 11. The recessed structure 17 is located on the bottom surface 11. The bottom surface 11 is recessed toward the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light-incident surface 15. The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The surface 191 is an extension surface of the first surface 171 . The cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is the first straight line, and the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 5 °~35°.

In this embodiment, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 2 μm~15 μm, and the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.3 μm~3 μm. The depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is different from the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 The ratio of the height dimension H2 is 4~12, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~100μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm.

In this embodiment, the microstructure also includes a third surface 174. The first surface 171 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the first surface 171 are respectively two side surfaces of the recessed structure.

The section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, a second arc or a polyline, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 , the second The angle between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is a straight line.

Specifically, the section line where the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 meet on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle, and the top corner of the protruding structure 19 is a sharp angle.

In some embodiments, the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 are transitioned by arcs; and/or, the protruding structure 19 The top corner is transitioned by an arc.

In this embodiment, the microstructured recessed structure 17 is in the form of a prism. The two adjacent sides of the prism form the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 of the recessed structure 17 respectively. The connection between the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 is The section line on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the recessed structure 17 is a triangular prism. It can be understood that the recessed structure 17 can also be in other shapes as shown in Figures 4a to 4g.

In this embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical lens structures (lenti structures) 21 are also provided on the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate.

Specifically, the lenticular lens structure 21 extends in a direction parallel to the light incident surface 15 , the depth dimension H3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 3 μm ~ 20 μm, and the second width dimension W3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 10 μm ~ 60 μm. The depth dimension H3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 , and the second width dimension W3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 .

Specifically, the lenticular lens structure 21 is in the shape of a prism or a cylinder, and more specifically in the shape of a triangular prism; the lenticular lens structure 21 can be recessed on the light-emitting surface 13 . In another embodiment, the lenticular lens structure 21 may also be cylindrical; the lenticular lens mechanism 21 may also be protrudingly disposed on the light-emitting surface 13 .

In this embodiment, multiple V-shaped opening structures (V-cuts) may be provided on the light incident surface 15 of the light guide plate.

In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 24. The period n of the microprism structure 392 is 10um~40um. The microprism structure includes a fourth surface 394 and a fifth surface 395 that are connected to each other. The fourth surface 394 of each microprism structure The angle between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 of each microprism structure is Φ, which is 50° to 90°. More preferably, the angle between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 of each microprism structure is Φ, which is 60° to 76°. Wherein, the period n is the distance between two adjacent micro-prism structures 392, that is, the distance between the corresponding positions of the two adjacent micro-prism structures 392, for example, the distance between the vertex corners of the two adjacent micro-prism structures 392. distance.

In this embodiment, the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 is a sharp corner.

In this embodiment, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5° to 27.5°. The fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 of the microprism structure 392 are The included angle Φ is 61°~70°. More specifically, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5°~25°, and the angle between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 of the microprism structure 392 is The angle Φ is 63°.

As shown in FIG. 25 , it is a light intensity distribution diagram of the backlight module of this embodiment when the vertex angle Φ of the prism sheet 29 is 63° and the light guide plate has different tilt angles α.

As shown in Table 4, the matching relationship between the vertex angles of the light guide plate and the prism sheet of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown. It can be seen from Table 4 below that different microstructure tilt angles have little impact on the prism angle Φ requirements. When the microstructure angle changes within the range of 5~27.5°, the matching prism angle Φ ranges from 61~64°. Therefore, in terms of mass production cost and mass production complexity, prisms with the same structure can be used, which greatly improves the mass production of the module, reduces tolerances, and improves yield.

It should be noted here that the matching relationship shown in Table 4 is determined based on the base material of the light guide plate with a specific refractive index (for example, a PC base material with a refractive index of 1.59). The inventor of the present application found through theoretical analysis and experiments that when the light guide plate uses base materials with other refractive indexes (such as PMMA, etc.), the prism sheet vertex angle can range from 63 to 70°.

Table 4 Matching relationship between the angle values of different microstructures and the vertex angle of the prism sheet

Microstructure angle α(°)	Peak angle in vertical direction (°)	Prism sheet vertex angle Φ (°)
5	67.5	63
7.5	65.7	63
10	62.5	63.5
12.5	60.3	64
15	60.3	63.5
17.5	58.5	62.5
20	53.1	62
22.5	53.1	61.5
25	51.3	61
27.5	46.5	61

​

Using the backlight module of this embodiment, the light emitted from the backlight module has high horizontal field of view angle and vertical field of view angle light intensity, and is concentrated in a small area around 0°. For comparison of the intensity distribution of the emitted light of the backlight module of this embodiment, the combination of the light guide plate and the ordinary backlight of this embodiment (no prism sheet is provided), and the ordinary backlight module (the ordinary light guide plate is not provided with the prism sheet), please refer to the figure. 26a and Figure 26b. In the backlight module of this embodiment, when α=15°, β=65°, W1=20um, L1=20um, the material of the light guide plate is PC, the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm, and the cylindrical lens structure 21 When the step pitch p is 50um, the vertex angle Φ of the microprism structure 392 of the prism sheet 39 is 64°, the period is 18um, and the height H4 of the microprism structure 392 is 14um, the emitted light energy distribution of the backlight module of this embodiment As shown in Figure 27. Compared with the conventional backlight module, the center field of view intensity of the emitted light of the backlight module of this embodiment is increased by 42%.

In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 22. In the backlight module of this embodiment, when α=15°, β=65°, W1=20um, L1=20um of the light guide plate, the material of the light guide plate is PMMA. The thickness T=0.5mm, the step pitch p of the cylindrical lens structure 21 is 50um, the vertex angle Φ of the microprism structure 392 of the prism sheet 39 is 64°, the period n is 18um, the height H4 of the microprism structure 392 is 14um, first When the transmittance of the diffusion sheet 41 is 90% and the haze is 50%, the output light energy distribution of the backlight module of this embodiment is as shown in Figure 28. Compared with the conventional backlight module, the center field of view intensity of the outgoing light of the backlight module of this embodiment is increased by 23%, and the peak light output angle is 0°. The half-maximum width of the full field of view is 60.8° in the horizontal direction and 42.8 in the vertical direction. °.

In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 29a. The backlight module further includes a second diffusion sheet 43. The second diffusion sheet 43 is disposed between the prism sheet 39 and the light guide plate 33. In the backlight module of this embodiment, when α=15°, β=65°, W1=20um, L1=20um, the material of the light guide plate is PC, the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm, and the cylindrical lens structure 21 The step pitch p is 50um, the vertex angle Φ of the microprism structure 392 of the prism sheet 39 is 64°, the period is 18um, the height H4 of the microprism structure 392 is 14um, and the transmittance of the first diffusion sheet 41 and the second diffusion sheet 43 is When the pass rate is 90% and the haze is 50%, the output light energy distribution of the backlight module of this embodiment is shown in Figure 29b. Compared with the conventional backlight module, the center field of view intensity of the outgoing light of the backlight module of this embodiment is increased by 13%, and the peak light output angle is 0°. The half-peak width of the full field of view is 65.1° in the horizontal direction and 50.7 in the vertical direction. °.

In some embodiments, the first diffusion sheet 41 and/or the second diffusion sheet 43 are diffusion sheets with controllable haze, and the first diffusion sheet 41 and/or the second diffusion sheet 43 are integrated on the prism sheet 39 .

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure. The cooperation of the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light export efficiency; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; moreover, the backlight module can omit the brightness enhancement film, thereby reducing the film layers of the backlight module and simplifying the structure and assembly process. , while also improving light energy utilization. At the same time, the backlight module in this embodiment has a moderate field of view in the vertical direction and can be used in medium field of view applications.

It can be understood that the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 is a rounded corner, and the radius of curvature of the rounded corner is 2um-10um. Designing the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 as a rounded corner can reduce the loss of the prism sheet during the assembly process or damage to the sharp-corner structure. When the connection between the fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 is a rounded corner, the emitted light energy distribution of the backlight module shown in FIG. 22 is as shown in FIG. 30 .

It can be understood that the cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 may also be a first arc, and the angle α between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5° to 35°. It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 can also be straight lines and arcs (that is, including both straight lines and arcs), and the angle between the straight line and the bottom surface 11 and the arc are The angle α between the tangent line and the bottom surface is 5°~35°.

In this embodiment, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 5° to 27.5°. The fourth surface 394 and the fifth surface 395 of the microprism structure 392 The included angle is 61°~70°.

It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a second arc, and the angle between the tangent of the second arc and the bottom surface 11 is the same as the bottom surface 11 . The included angle of 11 is 40°~80°. It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a fold line, and the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. The third surface 174 is at least partially a conical surface, and the section line of the third surface 174 on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is at least partially arc-shaped.

It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by arcs, and the top corners of the protruding structures 19 are transitioned by arcs.

In another embodiment, the microstructure includes a recessed structure 17 and a protruding structure 19. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 is recessed on the bottom surface 11 toward the light-emitting surface 13. . The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light incident surface 15 . The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The second surface 191 is an extension of the first surface 171 surface (that is, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are located on the same plane). The microstructure also includes a third surface 174, and a second surface 191 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the second surface 191 are respectively two side surfaces of the protruding structure 19. Specifically, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.3 μm ~ 3 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 2 μm ~ 15 μm, and the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is different from the height dimension of the protruding structure 19 The ratio of H2 is 1/12~1/4, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~100μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure. The cooperation of the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light export efficiency; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; and by setting the angle between the section line of the first surface of the light guide plate on the reference plane R1 and the bottom surface to be 5° ~35°, so that the half-peak width of the full field of view of the light emitted in the vertical direction of the light guide plate is between 25° and 65°, and only one prism sheet can be used to replace the three layers of film in the existing backlight module (i.e., bottom diffusion sheet, lower brightness film and upper brightness film). On the one hand, it simplifies the structure of the backlight module, which can save raw materials and assembly costs; on the other hand, it can also improve the light energy utilization rate of the backlight module. Compared with the existing backlight module, the light energy utilization rate is increased by 20 %~30%.

Sixth embodiment

The invention also provides a backlight module, which can be applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display panel. Please refer to Figure 31. The backlight module of the sixth embodiment includes a light source 31, a light guide plate 33, a reflective sheet 35 and a first diffusion sheet 41. The light guide plate 33 includes a bottom surface 11, a light emitting surface 13 and a light incident surface 15. The bottom surface 11 and The light-emitting surfaces 13 are arranged opposite to each other, and the light-incident surface 15 connects the bottom surface 11 and the light-emitting surface 13 . The light source 31 is disposed on the light incident surface 15 side of the light guide plate 33 , and the reflection sheet 35 and the first diffusion sheet 41 are disposed on both sides of the light guide plate 33 respectively. Referring to FIG. 32 , a plurality of microstructures are provided on the bottom surface 11 . The microstructures include a protruding structure 19 and a recessed structure 17 . The protruding structure 19 protrudes toward the side away from the light emitting surface 13 on the bottom surface 11 . The recessed structure 17 is located on the bottom surface 11 . The bottom surface 11 is recessed toward the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light-incident surface 15. The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The surface 191 is an extension surface of the first surface 171 . The cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is the first straight line, and the angle α between the first straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 35 °~55°.

In this embodiment, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 4 μm ~ 20 μm, and the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 0.2 μm ~ 3 μm. The ratio of the height dimension H2 is 4~12, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~80μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm.

In this embodiment, the microstructure also includes a third surface 174. The first surface 171 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the first surface 171 are respectively two side surfaces of the recessed structure 17.

The section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a second straight line, a second arc or a polyline, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface 11 , the second The angle between the tangent line of the arc and the bottom surface 11 or the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 is a straight line, and the angle between the straight line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°.

Specifically, the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is a straight line.

In some embodiments, the third surface 174 is at least partially a conical surface, and the section line of the third surface 174 on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is at least partially an arc.

In some embodiments, the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 are transitioned by an arc; and/or the top of the protruding structure 19 The corners are transitioned by arcs.

Specifically, the section line where the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 meet on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle, and the top corner of the protruding structure 19 is a sharp angle.

In this embodiment, the microstructured recessed structure 17 is in the form of a prism. The two adjacent sides of the prism form the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 of the recessed structure 17 respectively. The connection between the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 is The section line on the reference plane R1 that is perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a sharp angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the recessed structure 17 is a triangular prism. It can be understood that the recessed structure 17 can also be in other shapes as shown in Figures 4a to 4g.

In this embodiment, a plurality of cylindrical lens structures (lenti structures) 21 are also provided on the light exit surface 13 of the light guide plate.

Specifically, the lenticular lens structure 21 extends in a direction parallel to the light incident surface 15 , the depth dimension H3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 3 μm ~ 20 μm, and the second width dimension W3 of the lenticular lens structure 21 is 10 μm ~ 60 μm. The depth dimension H3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 , and the second width dimension W3 is the size of the cylindrical lens structure 21 in the straight line direction perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 .

Specifically, the lenticular lens structure 21 is in the shape of a prism or a cylinder, and more specifically in the shape of a triangular prism; the lenticular lens structure 21 can be recessed on the light-emitting surface 13 . In another embodiment, the lenticular lens structure 21 may also be cylindrical; the lenticular lens mechanism 21 may also be protrudingly disposed on the light-emitting surface 13 .

In this embodiment, multiple V-shaped opening structures (V-cuts) may be provided on the light incident surface 15 of the light guide plate.

In this embodiment, the first diffusion sheet 41 is a haze-controllable diffusion sheet.

For the light guide plate in the backlight module of this embodiment, when α=45°, β=80°, W1=20um, L1=20um, the material of the light guide plate is PC, and the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm. , the emitted light energy distribution of the light guide plate is shown in Figure 33a. The backlight module has a peak field of view angle of 3° in the vertical direction, a half-maximum width of the full field of view of 65° in the horizontal direction, and 70° in the vertical direction, and by regulating the inclination of the first and second surfaces of the microstructure The angle α causes the light energy emitted from the light guide plate to be concentrated near 0° in the front view field. Compared with conventional light guide plates, the peak angle of the emitted light is closer to the normal direction of the light exit surface of the light guide plate, which is more conducive to adjusting the light energy toward the front viewing angle, and has a wider energy half-peak width, which can be adapted to large viewing fields such as TVs. show.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, when α=45°, β=80°, W1=20um, L1=20um, the material of the light guide plate is PMMA, the thickness of the light guide plate is T=0.5mm, and the cylindrical lens structure 21 When the step pitch p is 50um, the vertex angle Φ of the microprism structure 392 of the prism sheet 39 is 64°, and the period n is 18um, the output light energy distribution of the backlight module of this embodiment is as shown in Figure 33b. Compared with the conventional backlight module, the center field of view intensity of the outgoing light of the backlight module of this embodiment is increased by 13%, and the peak light output angle is 0°. The half-peak width of the full field of view is 78° in the horizontal direction and 53° in the vertical direction. °. It can be seen that the backlight module of this embodiment only uses a first diffusion sheet 41 with high transparency and high haze to achieve the exit field of view angle of 0° and the field of view angle specification of the conventional light guide plate 33 . Compared with conventional backlight modules, the light energy utilization rate of the light guide plate 33 can be increased by 20% due to the reduction of light loss caused by the superposition of other films (lower diffuser, lower brightening film, upper brightening film). And it has a wide viewing angle, which can be used for large-angle display. At the same time, the yield issues in the assembly and bonding process of the backlight module and the cost of the module structure itself are taken into consideration. This backlight module greatly improves the module's production capacity and saves costs.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the light energy distribution of the emitted light of the entire module can be adjusted by adjusting the haze of the first diffusion sheet or the angle of the Gaussian distribution. Specifically, when the Gaussian distribution angle of the first diffuser is from 5° to 50°, the half-peak width of the outgoing light energy of the backlight module can vary from 45° to 85°. Figure 33c shows the output light energy distribution of the backlight module when the Gaussian distribution angle is set to 40°. It can be seen that the half-maximum width of the full field of view is 81° in the horizontal direction and 71° in the vertical direction.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure. The cooperation of the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light export efficiency; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; moreover, the backlight module can omit the brightness enhancement film, thereby reducing the film layers of the backlight module and simplifying the structure and assembly process. , while also improving light energy utilization. At the same time, the backlight module of this embodiment has a wider viewing angle and can be used for large-angle display.

It can be understood that the cross-section of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 may also be a first arc, and the angle α between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface 11 is 35° to 55°. It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 on the reference plane R1 can also be straight lines and arcs (that is, including both straight lines and arcs), and the angle between the straight line and the bottom surface 11 and the arc are The angle α between the tangent line and the bottom surface is 35°~55°.

It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a second arc, and the angle between the tangent of the second arc and the bottom surface 11 is the same as the bottom surface 11 . The included angle of 11 is 40°~80°. It can be understood that the section line of the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface 15 and perpendicular to the light exit surface 13 can also be a fold line, and the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface 11 is 40°~80°. The third surface 174 is at least partially a conical surface, and the section line of the third surface 174 on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface 11 is at least partially arc-shaped.

It can be understood that the cross-sections of the first surface 171 and the third surface 174 on the reference plane R1 perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by arcs, and the top corners of the protruding structures 19 are transitioned by arcs.

In another embodiment, the microstructure includes a recessed structure 17 and a protruding structure 19. The protruding structure 19 protrudes on the bottom surface 11 toward the side away from the light-emitting surface 13. The recessed structure 17 is recessed on the bottom surface 11 toward the light-emitting surface 13. . The recessed structure 17 includes a first surface 171 facing the interior of the light guide plate, and the first surface 171 faces the light incident surface 15 . The convex structure 19 includes a second surface 191 facing the interior of the light guide plate. The second surface 191 is an extension of the first surface 171 surface (that is, the first surface 171 and the second surface 191 are located on the same plane). The microstructure also includes a third surface 174, and a second surface 191 is connected to the third surface 174. A part of the third surface 174 and the second surface 191 are respectively two side surfaces of the protruding structure 19. Specifically, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is 0.2 μm ~ 3 μm, the height dimension H2 of the protruding structure 19 is 4 μm ~ 20 μm, the depth dimension H1 of the recessed structure 17 of the microstructure is the same as the height dimension of the protruding structure 19 The ratio of H2 is 1/12~1/4, the length dimension L1 of the microstructure is 10μm~80μm, and the first width dimension W1 of the microstructure is 15μm~150μm.

Therefore, by using two diffusers, the field of view in the horizontal and vertical directions can be further expanded, and some defects in the backlight module can be blocked to meet the technical needs of the backlight module in different applications.

In the backlight module of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a microstructure including a concave structure and a convex structure. The cooperation of the first surface and the second surface increases the area of the effective reflective surface and improves the light export efficiency; At the same time, the convex structure plays the role of anti-adsorption and anti-whitening between the light guide plate and other diaphragms; and by setting the angle between the section line of the first surface of the light guide plate on the reference plane R1 and the bottom surface to be 35° ~55°, so that the light energy emitted from the light guide plate is concentrated near 0° of the front view field, thus directly eliminating the three layers of film (i.e., lower diffuser, lower brightness enhancement film, and upper brightness enhancement film) in the existing backlight module ). On the one hand, it simplifies the structure of the backlight module, which can save raw materials and assembly costs; on the other hand, it can also improve the light energy utilization rate of the backlight module. Compared with the existing backlight module, the light energy utilization rate is increased by 20 %~30%.

It can be understood that the structures or structural features involved in the above embodiments can be arbitrarily superimposed as long as there is no conflict.

In this article, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

In this article, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the purpose of clearly expressing the technical solution and convenient description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

As used herein, the terms "includes," "comprises," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include other elements not expressly listed.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (12)

1. A light guide plate, characterized in that the light guide plate includes a bottom surface, a light exit surface and a light entrance surface, the bottom surface and the light exit surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the light entrance surface connects the bottom surface and the light exit surface , a plurality of microstructures are provided on the bottom surface, the microstructures include a convex structure and a concave structure, the convex structure protrudes on the bottom surface toward the side away from the light emitting surface, and the concave structure The bottom surface is recessed toward the light-emitting surface, the recessed structure includes a first surface facing the inside of the light guide plate, the first surface faces the light-incident surface, and the convex structure includes a third surface facing the inside of the light guide plate. Two surfaces, the second surface is an extension surface of the first surface.
2. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein a cross-section of the first surface and the second surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a first A straight line and/or a first arc, and the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 0.5°~55°.
3. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein a cross-section of the first surface and the second surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a first straight line and/or first arc, where,

   The angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 0.5°~5°; or, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the angle between the tangent of the first arc and the bottom surface is 5° to 35°; or, the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the tangent of the first arc and the The angle between the bottom surface and the bottom surface is 35° to 55°; or the angle between the first straight line and the bottom surface or the tangent line of the first arc and the bottom surface is 30° to 50°.
4. The light guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the recessed structure is in the shape of a semi-circular cone with the top and one side of the circular cone cut off respectively, and the top surface of the semi-circular cone is opposite to the axis of the semi-circular cone. Inclined, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semicircular cone intersect at a point, the lower bottom surface of the semicircular cone is perpendicular to the axis of the semicircular cone, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, The recessed structure is in the shape of a semi-circular cone with the top and one side of the circular cone cut off respectively. The top surface of the semi-circular cone is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface intersects with the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone. On a straight line, the lower bottom surface of the semi-circular cone is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-circular cone, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure is formed by cutting off parts of the top and one side of the cylinder respectively. The top surface of the semi-cylinder is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect at a point, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, The recessed structure is cylindrical with a top surface inclined relative to the axis, and the top surface intersects with the lower bottom surface of the cylinder at a point, and the top surface forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure is cylindrical. The top and one side are respectively cut off to form a semi-cylindrical shape. The top surface of the semi-cylinder is inclined relative to the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the top surface and the lower bottom surface of the semi-cylinder intersect on a straight line. The top surface forms the first surface; alternatively, the recessed structure is a hemisphere in which parts of the spherical cap are cut off from two different angles, and the top surface formed by cutting off part of the spherical cap from one of the angles is opposite to the hemisphere. The bottom surface of the hemisphere is inclined, and the top surface of the hemisphere forms the first surface; or, the recessed structure is a hemisphere with a truncated portion of the spherical cap, and the top surface formed by truncating part of the spherical cap is opposite to the hemisphere. The bottom surface of the body is inclined, and the top surface of the hemispherical body forms the first surface.
5. The light guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.5 μm~20 μm, and the height dimension (H2) of the convex structure is 0.2 μm~3 μm, The ratio of the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure to the height dimension (H2) of the convex structure is 4 to 12; or, the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure is 0.2 μm. ~3μm, the height dimension (H2) of the protruding structure is 0.5μm~20μm, and the ratio of the depth dimension (H1) of the recessed structure of the microstructure to the height dimension (H2) of the protruding structure is 1/ 12~1/4.
6. The light guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the length dimension (L1) of the microstructure is 10 μm~150 μm, and the first width dimension (W1) of the microstructure is 10 μm~150 μm, wherein the length The size refers to the size of the microstructure in a direction perpendicular to the light incident surface, and the first width dimension refers to the size of the microstructure in a direction parallel to the light incident surface and the light exit surface.
7. The light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the microstructure further includes a third surface, the first surface is connected to the third surface, and a part of the third surface and the first surface are respectively two sides of the recessed structure.
8. The light guide plate according to claim 7, wherein the section line of the third surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface is a second straight line and a second arc. Or a fold line, and the angle between the second straight line and the bottom surface, the angle between the tangent of the second arc and the bottom surface, or the angle between the fold line and the bottom surface is 40° to 80°.
9. The light guide plate according to claim 7, wherein the section line of the third surface on a reference plane parallel to the bottom surface is a straight line; or, at least part of the third surface is a conical surface, and the third surface is a conical surface. The section line of the third surface on the reference plane parallel to the bottom surface is at least partially an arc.
10. The light guide plate according to claim 7, wherein the cross-sections of the first surface and the third surface on a reference plane perpendicular to the light incident surface and perpendicular to the light exit surface are transitioned by arcs; And/or, the top corners of the protruding structures are transitioned by arcs.
11. A display assembly, including a light source, a light guide plate and a transmissive liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that the light guide plate is the light guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and the light source is provided on the light guide plate. On the side of the light incident surface, the light guide plate is located on the backlight side of the transmissive liquid crystal display panel.
12. A display assembly, including a light source, a light guide plate and a reflective liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that the light guide plate is the light guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and the light source is provided on the light guide plate. On the side of the light incident surface, the light guide plate is located on the light exit side of the reflective liquid crystal display panel.