WO2023283332A1

WO2023283332A1 - Uses of arginase inhibitors for managing kidney disease and cardiovascular conditions

Info

Publication number: WO2023283332A1
Application number: PCT/US2022/036355
Authority: WO
Inventors: Loretta Z. REYES; Claudia R. Morris; Roy L. Sutliff
Original assignee: Emory University; Children's Healthcare Of Atlanta, Inc.
Priority date: 2021-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2023-01-12

Abstract

This disclosure relates to method of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications in kidney disease comprising administering an arginase inhibitor to a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L-arginine. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease and a cardiovascular disease or condition.

Description

USES OF ARGINASE INHIBITORS FOR MANAGING KIDNEY DISEASE AND CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/219,340 filed July 7, 2021. The entirety of this application is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT This invention was made with government support under AT009893 and HD072245 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention. BACKGROUND Having chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the chances of also having heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke. Cardiovascular complications are a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are limited effective therapies after cardiovascular complications develop therefore improved therapeutic options are needed. Arginase is a manganese-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes the amino acid L-arginine producing ornithine and urea. Arginase inhibitors retard the breakdown of arginine by arginase to increase arginine levels stimulating the synthesis of nitric oxide. Cherla et al. report a role of L- arginine in the pathogenesis and treatment of renal disease. J Nutr, 2004, 134(10 Suppl):2801S- 2806S. Yang et al. report tetrahydrobiopterin, L-arginine and vitamin C act synergistically to decrease oxidative stress. Mol Med, 2012, 18:676-84. Morris et al. report arginine therapy shows promise for treatment of sickle cell disease clinical sub-phenotypes of hemolysis and arginine deficiency. Anesth Analg, 2017, 124(4): 1369– 1370. See also WO2004073623. Pokrovskiy et al. report an arginase inhibitor in the pharmacological correction of endothelial dysfunction. Int J Hypertens, 2011, 2011:515047. Abdelkawy et al. report uses of arginase inhibitors. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet, 2017, 42:355–370. See also U.S. Patent Nos. 6,436,997, 6,956,131, 10,287,303, 10,494,339, and 10,597,411. References cited herein are not an admission of prior art. SUMMARY This disclosure relates to method of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications in kidney disease comprising administering an arginase inhibitor to a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L- arginine. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L- arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease and a cardiovascular disease or condition. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DMFO), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is Nω-hydroxy-nor- L-arginine (nor-NOHA), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is sauchinone, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is salvianolic acid B (SAB), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is piceatannol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is obacunone, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, arginase inhibitor is L-norvaline, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-flavanone (TDF), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(S)-amino-5-(2-aminoimidazol- 1-yl)pentanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (E)-N-(2-phenylethyl)-3,4-dihydroxycinnamide, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is chloroquine, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is darunavir, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is atazanavir, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is efavirenz, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is nevirapine, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is an amino acid derivative that contains a boronic acid side chain, salt, or ester thereof. In certain embodiments, arginase inhibitor is 2(S)- amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine (BEC), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, arginase inhibitor is 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine (BEC), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- (2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-1-(L-alanyl)-3-amino-4-(3-(dihydroxy-bromaneyl)propyl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof (CB-1158). In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(4-chlorobenzyl)-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3- yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 1-alanyl-3-amino-4- (3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-9a-amino-3-ethoxy-8-glycyloctahydro- [1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3-ethoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7- c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3-isopropoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)- one its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, this disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising an arginase inhibitor disclosed herein and arginine. In certain embodiments, this disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising an arginase inhibitor disclosed herein and tetrahydrobiopterin. DETAILED DISCUSSION Before the present disclosure is described in greater detail, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, and as such may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present disclosure will be limited only by the appended claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present disclosure, the preferred methods and materials are now described. All publications and patents cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication or patent were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the publications are cited. The citation of any publication is for its disclosure prior to the filing date and should not be construed as an admission that the present disclosure is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior disclosure. Further, the dates of publication provided could be different from the actual publication dates that may need to be independently confirmed. As will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading this disclosure, each of the individual embodiments described and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which may be readily separated from or combined with the features of any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure. Any recited method can be carried out in the order of events recited or in any other order that is logically possible. Embodiments of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, techniques of medicine, organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and the like, which are within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature. It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification and in the claims that follow, reference will be made to a number of terms that shall be defined to have the following meanings unless a contrary intention is apparent. Certain of the compounds described herein may contain one or more asymmetric centers and may give rise to enantiomers, diastereomers, and other stereoisomeric forms that can be defined, in terms of absolute stereochemistry at each asymmetric atom, as (R)- or (S)-. The present chemical entities, pharmaceutical compositions and methods are meant to include all such possible isomers, including racemic mixtures, tautomer forms, hydrated forms, optically substantially pure forms and intermediate mixtures. In certain embodiments, the compounds may be present in a composition with enantiomeric excess or diastereomeric excess of greater than 60%. In certain embodiments, the compounds may be present in enantiomeric excess or diastereomeric excess of greater than 70%. In certain embodiments, the compounds may be present in enantiomeric excess or diastereomeric excess of greater than 80%. In certain embodiments, the compounds may be present in enantiomeric excess or diastereomeric excess of greater than 90%. In certain embodiments, the compounds may be present in enantiomeric excess or diastereomeric excess of greater than 95%. As used herein, "alkyl" means a noncyclic straight chain or branched, unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbon such as those containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, while the term "lower alkyl" or “C_1-4alkyl” has the same meaning as alkyl but contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The term "higher alkyl" has the same meaning as alkyl but contains from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Representative saturated straight chain alkyls include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n- hexyl, n-septyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, and the like; while saturated branched alkyls include isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, and the like. Unsaturated alkyls contain at least one double or triple bond between adjacent carbon atoms (referred to as an "alkenyl" or "alkynyl", respectively). Representative straight chain and branched alkenyls include ethylenyl, propylenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, isobutylenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3 -methyl- 1-butenyl, 2-methyl-2- butenyl, 2,3- dimethyl-2-butenyl, and the like; while representative straight chain and branched alkynyls include acetylenyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3- methyl-1- butynyl, and the like. Non-aromatic mono or polycyclic alkyls are referred to herein as "carbocycles" or "carbocyclyl" groups. Representative saturated carbocycles include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like; while unsaturated carbocycles include cyclopentenyl and cyclohexenyl, and the like. "Heterocarbocycles" or heterocarbocyclyl" groups are carbocycles which contain from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur which may be saturated or unsaturated (but not aromatic), monocyclic or polycyclic, and wherein the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may be optionally oxidized, and the nitrogen heteroatom may be optionally quaternized. Heterocarbocycles include morpholinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, hydantoinyl, valerolactamyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, tetrahydroprimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, and the like. "Aryl" means an aromatic carbocyclic monocyclic or polycyclic ring such as phenyl or naphthyl. Polycyclic ring systems may, but are not required to, contain one or more non-aromatic rings, as long as one of the rings is aromatic. “Arylalkyl" means an alkyl substituted with an aryl, e.g., benzyl, methyl substituted with phenyl. As used herein, "heteroaryl" refers to an aromatic heterocarbocycle having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and containing at least 1 carbon atom, including both mono- and polycyclic ring systems. Polycyclic ring systems may, but are not required to, contain one or more non-aromatic rings, as long as one of the rings is aromatic. Representative heteroaryls are furyl, benzofuranyl, thiophenyl, benzothiophenyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, azaindolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, and quinazolinyl. It is contemplated that the use of the term "heteroaryl" includes N-alkylated derivatives such as a 1-methylimidazol-5-yl substituent. As used herein, "heterocycle" or "heterocyclyl" refers to mono- and polycyclic ring systems having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and containing at least 1 carbon atom. The mono- and polycyclic ring systems may be aromatic, non-aromatic or mixtures of aromatic and non-aromatic rings. Heterocycle includes heterocarbocycles, heteroaryls, and the like. "Alkylthio" refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached through a sulfur bridge. An example of an alkylthio is methylthio, (i.e., -S-CH₃). "Alkoxy" refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached through an oxygen bridge. Examples of alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n- butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, and s-pentoxy. Preferred alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i- propoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, and t-butoxy. "Alkylamino" refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached through an amino bridge. An example of an alkylamino is methylamino, (i.e., -NH-CH₃). "Alkanoyl" refers to an alkyl as defined above attached through a carbonyl bridge (i.e., - (C=O)alkyl). The term "substituted" refers to a molecule wherein at least one hydrogen atom is replaced with a substituent. When substituted, one or more of the groups are "substituents." The molecule may be multiply substituted. In the case of an oxo substituent ("=O"), two hydrogen atoms are replaced. Example substituents within this context may include halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, oxo, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocarbocyclyl, heterocarbocycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, -NRaRb, -NRaC(=O)Rb, -NRaC(=O)NRaNRb, -NRaC(=O)ORb, -NRaSO2Rb, -C(=O)Ra, -C(=O)ORa, -C(=O)NRaRb, -OC(=O)NRaRb, -ORa, -SRa, -SORa, - S(=O)₂Ra, -OS(=O)₂Ra and -S(=O)₂ORa. Ra and Rb in this context may be the same or different and independently hydrogen, halogen hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocarbocyclyl, heterocarbocycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl. The term "optionally substituted," as used herein, means that substitution is optional and therefore it is possible for the designated atom to be unsubstituted. As used herein, "salts" refer to derivatives of the disclosed compounds where the parent compound is modified making acid or base salts thereof. Examples of salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines, alkylamines, or dialkylamines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids; and the like. In typical embodiments, the salts are conventional nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts including the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, and non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. Preferred salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2- acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, and the like. "Subject" refers to any animal, preferably a human patient, livestock, rodent, monkey or domestic pet. The term "prodrug" refers to an agent that is converted into a biologically active form in vivo. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some situations, they may be easier to administer than the parent compound. They may, for instance, be bioavailable by oral administration whereas the parent compound is not. The prodrug may also have improved solubility in pharmaceutical compositions over the parent drug. A prodrug may be converted into the parent drug by various mechanisms, including enzymatic processes and metabolic hydrolysis. Typical prodrugs are pharmaceutically acceptable esters. Prodrugs include compounds wherein a hydroxy, amino or mercapto group is bonded to any group that, when the prodrug of the active compound is administered to a subject, cleaves to form a free hydroxy, free amino or free mercapto group, respectively. Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of an alcohol or acetamide, formamide and benzamide derivatives of an amine functional group in the active compound and the like. As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable esters" include, but are not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, and cycloalkyl esters of acidic groups, including, but not limited to, carboxylic acids, phosphoric acids, phosphinic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfinic acids, and boronic acids. As used herein, the term "derivative" refers to a structurally similar compound that retains sufficient functional attributes of the identified analogue. The derivative may be structurally similar because it is lacking one or more atoms, substituted with one or more substituents, a salt, in different hydration/oxidation states, e.g., substituting a single for a double bond, substituting a hydroxy group for a ketone, or because one or more atoms within the molecule are switched, such as, but not limited to, replacing an oxygen atom with a sulfur or nitrogen atom or replacing an amino group with a hydroxyl group or vice versa. Replacing a carbon with nitrogen in an aromatic ring is a contemplated derivative and an alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid is a contemplated derivative. The derivative may be a prodrug. Derivatives may be prepared by any variety of synthetic methods or appropriate adaptations presented in the chemical literature or as in synthetic or organic chemistry text books, such as those provide in March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, Wiley, 6th Edition (2007) Michael B. Smith or Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis, Wiley (2006) Lutz F. Tietze hereby incorporated by reference. Treatment of patients diagnosed with kidney disease and cardiovascular complications This disclosure relates to method of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications in kidney disease comprising administering an arginase inhibitor to a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L- arginine. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L- arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease. In certain embodiments, the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Kidney disease is typically diagnosed using blood and urine tests that can measure for the level of waste products, such as creatinine and urea or by removing a sample of kidney tissue for testing. If kidneys are not filtering potassium from your blood, a patient may take calcium, glucose or sodium polystyrene sulfonate to prevent the accumulation of high levels of potassium. Dialysis may be used to remove toxins from the peripheral blood. Chronic kidney disease is sometimes comorbid with cardiovascular conditions. Hypertension, left ventricular failure, congestive cardiac failure, ischemic heart disease, anemic heart failure, rhythm disturbances, pericarditis with or without effusion, cardiac tamponade, and uremic cardiomyopathy are various cardiovascular complications encountered in patients with chronic renal failure. Cardiovascular complications are a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are limited effective therapies after cardiovascular complications develop. This disclosure contemplates using therapeutics that target arginase for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications in kidney disease. In certain embodiments the therapeutics are arginase inhibitors. Arginase is a bimanganese enzyme that converts L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea. There are two arginase isoforms, arginase 1 and 2, which are encoded by different genes and differentially expressed in the body. Arginase 1 is a cytosolic enzyme which is primarily located in the liver, though it is also expressed in extra-hepatic tissues. Hepatic arginase is primarily responsible for the detoxification of ammonia. Extra-hepatic arginase 2 is a mitochondrial enzyme which is expressed in essentially all mitochondrial containing extrahepatic cells, with high concentrations in kidneys, blood vessels, airways, monocytes and macrophages. Arginase competes with the nitric oxide synthase enzymes for the shared substrate arginine in the synthesis of nitric oxide. The kidneys are the site of de novo arginine synthesis for systemic utilization and arginine metabolism is dysregulated in CKD. Arginine dysregulation in CKD includes decreased arginine synthesis, increased amino acid losses and diversion to alternative pathways e.g. arginase. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition associated with expression or activity of arginase I, arginase II, or a combination thereof in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed optionally in combination with arginine and/or optionally in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition associated with expression or activity of arginase I, arginase II, or a combination thereof in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed in combination with arginine. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition associated with expression or activity of arginase I, arginase II, or a combination thereof in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition associated with expression or activity of arginase I, arginase II, or a combination thereof in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed optionally in combination with arginine and/or optionally in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with kidney disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed in combination with arginine. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with kidney disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with kidney disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an arginase inhibitor disclosed in combination with arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments the cardiovascular complication is hypertension, left ventricular failure, congestive cardiac failure, ischemic heart disease, anemic heart failure, rhythm disturbances, pericarditis with or without effusion, cardiac tamponade, or uremic cardiomyopathy. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to treating or preventing endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease with an arginase inhibitor alone or in combination with arginine and/or tetrahydrobiopterin. In certain embodiments, the subject is less than 18 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is less than 12 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is less than 8 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is less than 5 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is more than 18 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is more than 40 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is more than 50 years of age. In certain embodiments, the subject is more than 60 years of age. Arginase inhibitors In certain embodiments, an arginase inhibitor is an amino acid derivative of arginine. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DMFO), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is Nω-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor- NOHA), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is sauchinone, its derivative, or salts thereof. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is salvianolic acid B (SAB), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is piceatannol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is obacunone, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, arginase inhibitor is L-norvaline, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-flavanone (TDF), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(S)-amino-5-(2-aminoimidazol-1- yl)pentanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (E)-N-(2-phenylethyl)-3,4- dihydroxycinnamide, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is chloroquine, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is darunavir, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is atazanavir, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is efavirenz, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is nevirapine, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is an amino acid derivative that contains a boronic acid side chain, salt, or ester thereof. In certain embodiments, arginase inhibitor is 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is S-(2-boronoethyl)-L- cysteine (BEC), its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 1-alanyl-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-9a-amino-3-ethoxy-8- glycyloctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3- ethoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3- isopropoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one its derivative, or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is a compound of formula I,

Formula I, wherein R is H, methyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl, -CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, benzyl, p-hydroxybenzyl, -CH₂OH, -CH(OH)CH₃, -CH₂-3-indoyl, -CH₂COOH, -CH₂CH₂COOH, -CH₂C(O)NH₂, -CH₂CH₂C(O)NH₂, -CH₂SH, -CH₂CH₂SCH₃, -(CH₂)₄NH2, -(CH₂)₃NHC(=NH)NH2, or -CH₂-3-imidazoyl. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is a compound of formula II,

Formula II R^b is H or is a group selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, -C(O)O(alkyl), and -C(O)O(aryl), wherein said group is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxy, -SH, -S-(alkyl), -SeH, -Se-(alkyl), aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amino, carboxylic acid, ester, guanidino, and amido; X is O or S; R¹ and R² are each independently selected from H or a group selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, (cycloalkyl)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, (heterocycloalkyl)alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, and heteroaralkyl, wherein said group is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxy, -SH, -S-(alkyl), -SeH, -Se-(alkyl), aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amino, carboxylic acid, ester, guanidino, and amido; or R¹ and R² are taken together with the intervening atoms to form a 3- to 7-membered ring, wherein the 3- to 7-membered ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxy, -SH, -S-(alkyl), -SeH, -Se-(alkyl), aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amino, carboxylic acid, ester, guanidino, and amido; and R³ is H or alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxy, -SH, -S-(alkyl), -SeH, -Se-(alkyl), aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amino, carboxylic acid, ester, guanidino, and amido; or R¹ and R³ are taken together with the intervening atoms to form a 5- to 7-membered ring, wherein the 5- to 7-membered ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from hydroxy, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxy, -SH, -S-(alkyl), -SeH, -Se-(alkyl), aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, amino, carboxylic acid, ester, guanidino, and amido; and R⁴ is H or (C₁-C₆)alkyl. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-benzyl-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-allyl-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(4-boronobutyl)succinic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-(borono-2-(3- phenoxypropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4- phenylbutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- chlorophenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- methoxyphenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- fluorophenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- nitrophenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- yloxy)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- methoxyphenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- phenoxyphenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- isopropylphenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(biphenyl-3-yloxy)propyl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- (trifluoromethylthio)phenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2,6- difluorophenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(o- tolyloxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(p- tolyloxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-aminophenoxypropyl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-(borono-2-(pyridin-3- ylmethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(benzyloxyethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- methoxyethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(p- tolyoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- chlorophenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- methoxyphenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- nitrophenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- (morpholinosulfonyl)phenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(3-aminophenoxy)ethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- hydroxypropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4- boronobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(4-boronobutyl)hex-4-enoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2- methoxyethoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-isobutylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- (hydroxymethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2- (hydroxymethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2- (hydroxymethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(benzyloxy)-2-oxoethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-methoxy-2- oxoethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- (cyanomethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- oxobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-oxo-2- phenylethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(piperidin-4- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(piperazine-1- yl)propylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2,6-diamino-2-(4-boronobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-(4- cyanobenzamid)ethoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(2-(2-acetamidoethoxy)ethyl)-2-amino- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-(3-(3- methoxyphenyl)ureido)ethoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(1-acetylpiperidin-4-yl)propyl)-2- amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)-2- amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- cyanobenzoyl)piperazine-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3- methoxyphenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(4- methylphenylsulfonamido)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(3,5- difluorobenzamido)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-acetamido-2-amino-2-(4- boronobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(3-(3- methoxyphenyl)ureido)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-3- (hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((R)-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-3- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((3,4- dimethoxyphenethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((R)-3- (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- thiomorpholinoethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(2- hydroxyethyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-2- (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (methyl(phenethyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(((S)-2- hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(piperidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-allyl-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-ethylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(pyrimidin-2- yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- ((carboxymethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(benzyl(ethyl)amino)ethyl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(benzyl(2- hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 1-(3-amino-7-borono-3- carboxyheptyl)piperidine-4 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- (hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- (diethylcarbamoyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- morpholinoethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(4-benzylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)-6 boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((4- methoxybenzyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-phenyl-5,6- dihydropyridin-1(2H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(6,7- dihydrothieno[3,2 c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-oxo-2,3,6,7- tetrahydro- 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydropyridin-1(2H-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(piperazin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(4-benzyl-4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (diethylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-oxopiperidin- 1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- (trifluoromethyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-2- (pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- methoxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(2-(benzofuran-2- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((2- hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3,3- difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(2-(4-acetyl-4-phenylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)-2-amino- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((R)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- fluoropiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((4-fluoro-3- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-methyl-1,3- diazepan-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(2- methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(bis(2- aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 1-(3-amino-7-borono-3- carboxyheptyl)piperidine-2 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R)-1-(3-amino-7-borono-3 carboxyheptyl)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-2- (dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (isopropylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3S)-1-(3-amino-7-borono-3 carboxyheptyl)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 1-(3-amino-7-borono-3-carboxyheptyl)- 4-methylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2,3-dihydro-1H- inden-2-ylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- hydroxyazetidin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1- butylcyclopropylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1-(4- methoxybenzyl)cyclopropylamino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4,5- dihydrothieno[2,3 c]pyridin-6(7H)-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-(3,4- difluorophenyl)propylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-(2-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propylamino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-(3- methoxyphenyl)propylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)propylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(tert- butylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (cyclopropylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- methoxybenzylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(benzylamino)ethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((2- (dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (cyclopentylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-((2- aminoethyl)(benzyl)amino)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((4- isopropoxybenzyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(azetidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- phenylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(2- methoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((2-hydroxy-2- phenylethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(piperidin-1- ylmethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((4-methylpiperazin- 1-yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- (morpholinomethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- (hydroxymethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- ((propylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-((benzylamino)methyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(((R)-2- hydroxypropylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2- ((butylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-ylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(((S)-1-hydroxy-4- methylpentan-2-ylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(((1S,2R)-2- hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(((S)-1- phenylethylamino)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((R)-1- hydroxypropan-2-ylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4 chlorophenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- methoxyphenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2,4- dichlorophenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4 chlorophenoxy)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-methylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- fluorobenzyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-benzyl-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- methoxypropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- hydroxypropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-((1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-2-amino- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(4-boronobutyl)pyrrolidine-2- carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-isobutylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-isopropylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(4-boronobutyl)succinic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((1-isopropyl-1H- imidazol-5-yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1- hydroxypropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(hydroxy(piperidin- 4-yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(hydroxy(piperidin- 3- yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(4-boronobutyl)-6,6,6- trifluoro-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(hydroxy(pyridin-3- yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(azetidin-3- yl(hydroxy)methyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-6-oxo-6-phenylhexylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-pyrrolidin- 2- ylmethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(pyridin-2- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)azetidin-3-yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((1-(2,4- dichlorophenethyl)azetidin-3- yl)methyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(3-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)thioureido)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- isobutyramidoethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- chlorophenyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- chlorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(azetidin-3-ylmethyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(4-benzylpiperidin-1- yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(2-(4-benzylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- fluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4,4- dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4- propylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-ethyl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-(4- chlorobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-isopentyl- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2- (cyclohexylmethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2-isobutyl- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(3-(3,4- dichlorobenzylamino)propyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(3- (pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2- ylamino)propyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(3-(4- chlorobenzylamino)propyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2,4- dichlorophenethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3,4- dichlorobenzylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- chlorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-((S)-pyrrolidin- 2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(2-((S)- pyrrolidin-2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(4- chlorobenzylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono- 2-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(3- (piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(2- (piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(5- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2- (trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(6 chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(5-fluoro-3,8- dimethylquinolin-2-yl) piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- (trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(6-methyl-4- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,5- dichloropyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4- yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(6- chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((S)-1-(4 chlorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-1-(4 chlorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-1-(4- chlorophenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3- aminocyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-2-((1S,3S)-3- aminocyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1R,3S)-3- aminocyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(azetidin-3-yl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(morpholin-2- yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(4-aminocyclohexyl)- 6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,4R)-4-(4 chlorobenzylamino)cyclohexyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1R,4S)-4-(4 chlorobenzylamino)cyclohexyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1 cyclohexylpiperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1 cyclopentylpiperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4,4- dimethylcyclohexyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- chlorobenzoyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(1-acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-amino-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)acetyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2-(4 chlorophenyl)acetyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(1-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorobenzylcarbamoyl) piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorophenylcarbamoyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- fluorophenethylcarbamoyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorophenylcarbamothioyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorophenylcarbamothioyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorophenylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-1-(4- fluorobenzyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-1-(4- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((R)-1-(4- methylbenzyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2- nitrophenylsulfonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1- phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,4- dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorobenzylcarbamothioyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-chloro-4- methylphenylcarbamothioyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(naphthalen-1- ylcarbamothioyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-(4- chlorophenyl)propyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2,4- dichlorophenethyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4-chloro-3- fluorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-(3-chloro-5- fluorophenyl)propyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-((4- fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono- 2-(1-(3-(2,4- difluorophenyl)propyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2- morpholinobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(1-(biphenyl-2- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(quinolin-8- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2-(pyridin-3- yl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-((3'- methoxybiphenyl-2-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,4- difluorophenethyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(chroman-8- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(1-((1H-indol-7-yl)methyl) piperidin- 4-yl)-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-((1,3-dimethyl- 1H-pyrazol-5-yl)methyl)piperidin-4- yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4-(3,4- dichlorophenoxy)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(1-(3-((1H-pyrazol-1- yl)methyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)propyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-((R)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-((S)-1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin- 3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-aminocyclobutyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(azepan-4-yl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)azepan-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-2-(3- (benzylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is trans-2-amino-2-(3- (benzylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- (trifluoromethoxy)benzylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis 2-amino-2-(3-(biphenyl-4- ylmethylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((6 chlorobenzyl[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(quinolin-8- ylmethylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(naphthalen- 1- ylmethylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-2-(3-aminocyclobutyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4 chlorobenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is cis-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (isobutylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(4 chlorobenzoyl)cyclohexyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1- (5-chloropyridin- 2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(4 chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(piperidin-4- yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4 chlorobenzyl)piperidin- 4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(1-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-((6 chlorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-yl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1- isopentylpiperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl) piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- fluorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2-fluoro-4,5- dimethoxybenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(2,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(naphthalen-1- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(naphthalen-2- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(4- (trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-propylpiperidin- 4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3- phenylpropyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3- (trifluoromethoxy) benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(1-benzo[b]thiophen-3- ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 3-((4-(1-amino-5-borono-1 carboxypentyl)piperidin-1-yl)methyl benzoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(1-(3- cyanobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S)-1-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2R)-1-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2R,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2S,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrothiophene-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-4-amino-3-(3- boronopropyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3S,4S)-4-amino-3-(3- boronopropyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidinc-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4R)-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2R,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- isobutylpyrrolidine-3 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-benzyl-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyridin-3-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- aminocyclopentyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(4-carboxyphenyl)propyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-3-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (quinolin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-1-((1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-3- amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(4-chlorophenyl(propyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (7H-purin-6-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-aminoethyl)-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-((3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)- 3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)nicotinic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-4-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)- 1,3'-bipyrrolidine-3 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-carboxycyclohexyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(diethylamino)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-4-(3-boronopropyl)-3- (methylamino)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (((S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoqninolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- (benzylamino)ethyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(3,4-dichlorobenzylamino)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((S)-pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-aminocyclohexyl)- 4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-fluorobenzoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-methoxybenzoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-fluorophenylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((7-chloro-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-ammo-1-(2- aminophenylsulfonyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((6-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-(biphenyl-4- ylamino)ethyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-amino-3-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propanoyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((7-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (7-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-amino-3- phenylpropyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(methylamino)-3-phenylpropanoyl)pyrrolidnie-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((5,7-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- (benzylamino)acetyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1,4-diamino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentane carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-4-(benzylamino)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-(dimethylamino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4R)-1-amino-4-(aminomethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-4-(aminomethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4R)-1-amino-4-(2-aminoethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-4- ((benzylamino)methyl)-2-(3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-((((4'-chloro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)amino)methyl)cyclopentane carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-(((2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)amino) methyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-(((1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2- yl)amino)methyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-((cyclobutylamino)methyl)cyclopentane carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-((dicyclobutylamino)methyl)cyclopentane carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S)-2-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (methylamino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S)-1-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S)-1-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2R)-1-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2R,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2S,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)tetrahydrothiophene-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-4-amino-3-(3- boronopropyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3S,4S)-4-amino-3-(3- boronopropyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4R)-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2R,3S)-3-amino-2-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- isobutylpyrrolidine-3 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-benzyl-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyridin-3-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- aminocyclopentyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(4-carboxyphenyl)propyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-3-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (quinolin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-1-((1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl)-3- amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (7H-purin-6-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-aminoethyl)-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-((3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)- 3-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)nicotinic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-4-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)- 1,3'-bipyrrolidine-3 carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (piperidin-3-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-carboxycyclohexyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(diethylamino)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-4-(3-boronopropyl)-3- (methylamino)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((1-methylpiperidin-2- yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (((S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- (benzylamino)ethyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(3,4-dichlorobenzylamino)ethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((S)-pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-aminocyclohexyl)- 4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(4 chlorophenyl)acetyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-fluorobenzoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-methoxybenzoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (4-fluorophenylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((7-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- aminophenylsulfonyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((6-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-(biphenyl-4- ylamino)ethyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-amino-3-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propanoyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((7-trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (7-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2-amino-3- phenylpropyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- (2-(methylamino)-3-phenylpropanoyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-4-(3-boronopropyl)-1- ((5,7-dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (3R,4S)-3-amino-1-(2- (benzylamino)acetyl)-4-(3-boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1,4-diamino-2-(3- boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-4-(benzylamino)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-(3-boronopropyl)- 4-(dimethylamino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4R)-1-amino-4-(aminomethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4S)-1-amino-4-(aminomethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (1S,2S,4R)-1-amino-4-(2-aminoethyl)-2- (3-boronopropyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2((1S,3R)-3-(3- phenylpropylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(3- (3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)propylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(3,4- difluorophenethylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(2,4- dichlorophenethylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4- tert-butylbenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3-(biphenyl-3- ylmethylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- (trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-3-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4' chlorobiphenyl-3-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4- fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((5- fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3-(anthracen-9- ylmethylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(2- morpholinobenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1R,3R)-3- (((S)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- ((2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- ((3',4'-dichlorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4' chlorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- (trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4- hydroxybenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4- (4 chlorophenoxy)benzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4' chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((6- phenylpyridin-3-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-((1S,3R)-3-((9H-fluoren-2- yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- (trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4 cyclohexylbenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- (dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1R,3S)-3- (dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- (isoindolin-2-yl)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(isoindolin-2-yl)ethyl)-2- (methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(5-chloro-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)ethyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(3,4-dihydroisoquinolin- 2(1H)-yl)ethyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(2-(4- methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(4,4-dimethylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(3,4- dichlorobenzylamino)ethyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(methylamino)-2-(2-(4- phenylpiperidin-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 6-borono-2-(2-(4-(4- chlorophenyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(isoindolin-2- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(5-chloro-3,4- dihydro-isoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-2-((1R,3S)-3-(biphenyl-4- ylmethylamino)cyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3S)-3-(biphenyl-4- ylmethylamino)cyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3-(biphenyl-4- ylmethylamino)cyclopentyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(8-(4- chlorobenzyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (2S)-2-amino-6-boron-2-(8-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4- phenylcyclohexylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((2- fluorobiphenyl-3-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- chloro-3-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- chloro-2,3-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- chloro-2-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-boron-2-((1S,3R)-3-((2,2'- difluoro-5'-methylbiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- ((2,4'-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- ((2,2'-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3- ((2,2',4'-trifluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-(3- (4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3-(4- benzylbenzylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((4'- chloro-3,5-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 4-(4-(((1R,3S)-3-((S)-1-amino-5-borono- 1-carboxypentyl)cyclobutylamino)methyl)piperidin-1-yl)benzoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-((1S,3R)-3-((1- (4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidin-4-yl)methylamino)cyclobutyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3- yl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(8-benzyl-8- azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(8-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(8-(4- (trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-2-((1S,3R)-3-(2-(biphenyl- 4-yl)ethylamino)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(2,3-dihydro- 1H-inden-2-ylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(ethyl(2- hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (diethylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (methyl(propyl)amino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (isopropylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (isobutylamino)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (R)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(isoindolin- 2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-amino-3-(4- chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-amino-3-(4- chlorobenzyl)cyclobutyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-(1S,3R)-3-aminocyclobutyl)-6- borono-2-(methylamino)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(piperazin-1- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-benzylpiperazin-1- yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- chlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- cyanobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2,4- difluorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2,3- difluorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- fluorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,5- difluorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- phenethylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(piperidin-2- yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1-(3,5- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2-(1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin-3-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1-(3,5- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-2-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- phenylpiperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(5-fluoro-1H- benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(pyrimidin-2- ylmethyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(3H-spiro[isobenzofuran- 1,4'piperidine]-1'-yl)propyl)-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2(3-(4-oxo-1-phenyl- 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)propylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(5-phenyl- 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- (trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)piperidin-1-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- isopropylphenoxy)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperidin-1-yl)propylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- methoxyphenyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- chlorophenyl)-5,6-dihydropyridin-1(2H)-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-benzyl-4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(5- (trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-((S)-2-amino-3- methylbutanoyloxy)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-benzamidopiperidin-1- yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-methyl-2- phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(2-benzylpiperidin-1- yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(4- methoxyphenyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(2- fluorobenzyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(3- chlorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(2-(biphenyl-4- yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)-6-borono-hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(azetidin-1-yl)propyl)-6- boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3- phenylazetidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-p- tolylazetidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(3-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)ureido)azetidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(3-(4- fluorophenyl)ureido)azetidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(-chloro-2- fluorobenzamido)azetidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- ethylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- morpholinopropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- thiomorpholinopropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(thiazolidin-2- yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (phenethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (methyl(phenethyl)aminopropyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (ethyl(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (methyl(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- ((cyclohexylmethyl)(ethyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3- (benzyl(ethyl)amino)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3- (benzyl(ethyl)amino)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((4- chlorobenzyl)(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3,4- dichlorobenzyl)(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3,4- dichlorobenzyl)(ethyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (cyclohexylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (methyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (cyclopentyl(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3- chlorobenzyl)(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(ethyl(tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)propyl)-hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((6- fluorochroman-4-yl)(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2- methoxyethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((2- methoxyethyl)(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((S)-1- methoxypropan-2-ylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (dimethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((2- (dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2- (dimethylamino)ethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (diethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((1R,4R)-5-(3,4- dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]heptan-2-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-((S)-3-methyl- 2-4((R)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S-13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadeca hydro-1H-cyclopenta[alpha]phenathren-17-yl)pentanamido)butanoyloxy)piperidin-1-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(piperazin-1- yl)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(4-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(4-(3,4- difluorobenzyl)piperidin-1-yl)butyl)- hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)butyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(4-(2-(4- fluorophenyl)piperidin-1-yl)butyl)hexan- oic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (carboxymethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-(biphenyl-4- ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(4-benzhydrylpiperazin-1- yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-8- azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)propyl)-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2(3-(4- (phenylamino)piperdin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzylamino)piperidin-1-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-((3,4- dichlorobenzyl)(ethyl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4- methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-fluoro-4- phenylpiperidin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(N-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)octanamido)piperidi-n-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-3-(3-(4-benzyl-4- (decanoyloxy)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-2-(3-(3-(benzo[d]oxazol-2- yl)piperidin-1-yl)propyl)-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(2- phenylpyrrolin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(3-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)ureido)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(3-(4- fluorophenyl)ureido)pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(3-(3,4- dichlorophenylsulfonamido)pyrrolidin-1-yl) propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)-2-amino- 6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-(3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propyl)- 2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (cyclopentylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-ylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3R)-3- methoxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)- propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3- (methyl(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)amino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(methyl((4- methylnaphthalen-1-yl)methyl)amino)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((4-(3,4- dichlorophenoxy)benzyl)(methyl)amino)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3',4'- dichlorobiphenyl-4-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino) propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((3',4'- dichlorobiphenyl)-4-yl)methylamino)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1- carboxylethylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1-carboxy- 3-methylbutylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-((S)-1-methoxy- 1-oxopropan-2-ylamino)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is (S)-2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(1-methoxy- 4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-ylamino)propyl) hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- methoxybenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3- methoxybenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- methylbenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(4- fluorobenzoyl)piperazin-1yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- fluorobenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(2- chlorobenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-(3- fluorobenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-4- (trifluoromethyl)benzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-4- carbamoylbenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoi c acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3,4- dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-2- fluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3- fluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-4- fluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3,4- difluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propylhexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-2,5- difluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-2,4- difluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propy- l)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-2,3- difluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propy- l)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3,5- difluorophenylcarbamoyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-tosylpiperazin- 1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-4- fluorophenylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3- fluorophenylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(3-(4-3,4- dichlorophenylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)hexanoic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-5-(isopropoxycarbonyl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-5-(isopentyloxycarbonyl)-octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-5-((2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy) carbonyl) octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-5-((2-morpholinoethoxy) carbonyl) octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-8-(4-(4- methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-8-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazine-1-yl)-5-(propoxycarbonyl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-(isopropoxycarbonyl)-8-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-(isobutoxycarbonyl)-8-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-(isopentyloxycarbonyl)-8-(4- (4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl) benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-5-((pentan-3-yloxy)carbonyl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-((3-methylbutan-2- yloxy)carbonyl)-8-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzylpiperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl)- 8-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-5-((2-hydroxyethoxy)carbonyl)- 8-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperazine-1-yl-5((2-morpholinoethoxy)carbonyl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. In certain embodiments, the arginase inhibitor is 5-amino-8-(4-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl-5-(methoxycarbonyl)octylboronic acid, its derivative or salts thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions In certain embodiments, this disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising an arginase inhibitor disclosed herein and arginine and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In certain embodiments, this disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising an arginase inhibitor disclosed herein and tetrahydrobiopterin and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In certain embodiments, this disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising an arginase inhibitor disclosed herein and arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical preparation suitable for use in a human patient, comprising any compound(s) of the disclosure, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical preparations may be for use in treating or preventing a condition or disease as described herein. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical preparations have a low enough pyrogen activity to be suitable for use in a human patient. One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical kit comprising a compound(s) of the disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and optionally directions on how to administer the compound. The compositions and methods of the present disclosure may be utilized to treat an individual in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the individual is a mammal such as a human, or a non-human mammal. When administered to an animal, such as a human, the composition or the compound is preferably administered as a pharmaceutical composition comprising, for example, a compound of the disclosure and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are well known in the art and include, for example, non- aqueous vehicles such as glycols, glycerol, oils such as olive oil, or injectable organic esters. The excipients can be chosen, for example, to effect delayed release of an agent or to selectively target one or more cells, tissues, or organs. The pharmaceutical composition can be in dosage unit form such as tablet, capsule (including sprinkle capsule and gelatin capsule), granule, lyophile for reconstitution, powder, suppository, or the like. The composition can also be present in a transdermal delivery system, e.g., a skin patch. A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can contain physiologically acceptable agents that act, for example, to stabilize, increase solubility or to increase the absorption of a compound such as a compound of the disclosure. Such physiologically acceptable agents include, for example, carbohydrates, such as glucose, sucrose or dextrans, antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid or glutathione, chelating agents, low molecular weight proteins or other stabilizers or excipients. The choice of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, including a physiologically acceptable agent, depends, for example, on the route of administration of the composition. The preparation or pharmaceutical composition can be a self-emulsifying drug delivery system or a self micro- emulsifying drug delivery system. The pharmaceutical composition (preparation) also can be a liposome or other polymer matrix, which can have incorporated therein, for example, a compound of the disclosure. Liposomes, for example, which comprise phospholipids or other lipids, are nontoxic, physiologically acceptable and metabolizable carriers that are relatively simple to make and administer. The phrase "pharmaceutically acceptable" is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. The phrase "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" as used herein means a pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, excipient, solvent or encapsulating material. Each carrier must be "acceptable" in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not injurious to the patient. Some examples of materials which can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include: (1) sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; (2) starches, such as corn starch and potato starch; (3) cellulose, and its derivatives, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; (4) powdered tragacanth; (5) malt; (6) gelatin; (7) talc; (8) excipients, such as cocoa butter and suppository waxes; (9) oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; (10) glycols, such as propylene glycol; (11) polyols, such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; (12) esters, such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; (13) agar; (14) buffering agents, such as magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; (15) alginic acid; (16) ethyl alcohol; and (17) other non-toxic compatible substances employed in pharmaceutical formulations. A pharmaceutical composition (preparation) can be administered to a subject by any of a number of routes of administration including, for example, orally (for example, drenches as in non-aqueous solutions or suspensions, tablets, capsules (including sprinkle capsules and gelatin capsules), boluses, powders, granules, pastes for application to the tongue); absorption through the oral mucosa (e.g., sublingually); anally, rectally or vaginally (for example, as a pessary, cream or foam); parenterally (including intramuscularly, intravenously, subcutaneously or intrathecally as, for example, a sterile solution or suspension); nasally; intraperitoneally; subcutaneously; transdermally (for example as a patch applied to the skin); and topically (for example, as a cream, ointment or spray applied to the skin, or as an eye drop). The compound may also be formulated for inhalation. The formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods well known in the art of pharmacy. The amount of active ingredient which can be combined with a carrier material to produce a single dosage form will vary depending upon the host being treated, the particular mode of administration. The amount of active ingredient that can be combined with a carrier material to produce a single dosage form will generally be that amount of the compound which produces a therapeutic effect. Generally, out of one hundred percent, this amount will range from about 1 percent to about ninety-nine percent of active ingredient, preferably from about 5 percent to about 70 percent, most preferably from about 10 percent to about 30 percent. Methods of preparing these formulations or compositions include the step of bringing into association an active compound, such as a compound of the disclosure, with the carrier and, optionally, one or more accessory ingredients. In general, the formulations are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing into association a compound of the present disclosure with liquid carriers, or finely divided solid carriers, or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product. Formulations of the disclosure suitable for oral administration may be in the form of capsules (including sprinkle capsules and gelatin capsules), cachets, pills, tablets, lozenges (using a flavored basis, usually sucrose and acacia or tragacanth), lyophile, powders, granules, or as a solution or a suspension in a non-aqueous liquid, or as pastilles (using an inert base, such as gelatin and glycerin, or sucrose and acacia) and the like, each containing a predetermined amount of a compound of the present disclosure as an active ingredient. Compositions or compounds may also be administered as a bolus, electuary, or paste. To prepare solid dosage forms for oral administration (capsules (including sprinkle capsules and gelatin capsules), tablets, pills, dragees, powders, granules and the like), the active ingredient is mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, and/or any of the following: (1) fillers or extenders, such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and/or silicic acid; (2) binders, such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sucrose and/or acacia; (3) humectants, such as glycerol; (4) disintegrating agents, such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates, and sodium carbonate; (5) solution retarding agents, such as paraffin; (6) absorption accelerators, such as quaternary ammonium compounds; (7) wetting agents, such as, for example, cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate; (8) absorbents, such as kaolin and bentonite clay; (9) lubricants, such a talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, and mixtures thereof; (10) complexing agents, such as, modified and unmodified cyclodextrins; and (11) coloring agents. In the case of capsules (including sprinkle capsules and gelatin capsules), tablets and pills, the pharmaceutical compositions may also comprise buffering agents. Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugars, as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like. A tablet may be made by compression or molding, optionally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed tablets may be prepared using binder (for example, gelatin or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose), lubricant, inert diluent, preservative, disintegrant (for example, sodium starch glycolate or cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), surface-active or dispersing agent. Molded tablets may be made by molding in a suitable machine a mixture of the powdered compound moistened with an inert liquid diluent. The tablets, and other solid dosage forms of the pharmaceutical compositions, such as dragees, capsules (including sprinkle capsules and gelatin capsules), pills and granules, may optionally be scored or prepared with coatings and shells, such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical-formulating art. They may also be formulated so as to provide slow or controlled release of the active ingredient therein using, for example, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose in varying proportions to provide the desired release profile, other polymer matrices, liposomes and/or microspheres. They may be sterilized by, for example, filtration through a bacteria-retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterile solid compositions that can be dissolved in sterile water, or some other sterile injectable medium immediately before use. These compositions may also optionally contain opacifying agents and may be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain portion of the gastrointestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding compositions that can be used include polymeric substances and waxes. The active ingredient can also be in micro-encapsulated form, if appropriate, with one or more of the above- described excipients. Formulations of the pharmaceutical compositions for rectal, vaginal, or urethral administration may be presented as a suppository, which may be prepared by mixing one or more active compounds with one or more suitable nonirritating excipients or carriers comprising, for example, cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a suppository wax or a salicylate, and which is solid at room temperature, but liquid at body temperature and, therefore, will melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound. Alternatively or additionally, compositions can be formulated for delivery via a catheter, stent, wire, or other intraluminal device. Delivery via such devices may be especially useful for delivery to the bladder, urethra, ureter, rectum, or intestine. Formulations which are suitable for vaginal administration also include pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams or spray formulations containing such carriers as are known in the art to be appropriate. Dosage forms for the topical or transdermal administration include powders, sprays, ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, solutions, patches and inhalants. The active compound may be mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and with any preservatives, buffers, or propellants that may be required. The ointments, pastes, creams and gels may contain, in addition to an active compound, excipients, such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof. Powders and sprays can contain, in addition to an active compound, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicates and polyamide powder, or mixtures of these substances. Sprays can additionally contain customary propellants, such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons and volatile unsubstituted hydrocarbons, such as butane and propane. Transdermal patches have the added advantage of providing controlled delivery of a compound of the present disclosure to the body. Such dosage forms can be made by dissolving or dispersing the active compound in the proper medium. Absorption enhancers can also be used to increase the flux of the compound across the skin. The rate of such flux can be controlled by either providing a rate controlling membrane or dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix or gel. The phrases "parenteral administration" and "administered parenterally" as used herein means modes of administration other than enteral and topical administration, usually by injection, and includes, without limitation, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal, intracapsular, intraorbital, intracardiac, intradermal, intraperitoneal, transtracheal, subcutaneous, subcuticular, intraarticular, subcapsular, subarachnoid, intraspinal and intrasternal injection and infusion. Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for parenteral administration comprise one or more active compounds in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable sterile isotonic nonaqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, or sterile powders which may be reconstituted into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions just prior to use, which may contain antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient or suspending or thickening agents. Examples of suitable nonaqueous carriers that may be employed in the pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure include ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils, such as olive oil, and injectable organic esters, such as ethyl oleate. Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of coating materials, such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions, and by the use of surfactants. These compositions may also contain adjuvants such as preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifying agents and dispersing agents. Prevention of the action of microorganisms may be ensured by the inclusion of various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, paraben, chlorobutanol, phenol sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents, such as sugars, sodium chloride, and the like into the compositions. In addition, prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form may be brought about by the inclusion of agents that delay absorption such as aluminum monostearate and gelatin. In some cases, in order to prolong the effect of a drug, it is desirable to slow the absorption of the drug from subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This may be accomplished by the use of a liquid suspension of crystalline or amorphous material having poor water solubility. The rate of absorption of the drug then depends upon its rate of dissolution, which, in turn, may depend upon crystal size and crystalline form. Alternatively, delayed absorption of a parenterally administered drug form is accomplished by dissolving or suspending the drug in an oil vehicle. Injectable depot forms are made by forming microencapsulated matrices of the subject compounds in biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide. Depending on the ratio of drug to polymer, and the nature of the particular polymer employed, the rate of drug release can be controlled. Examples of other biodegradable polymers include poly(orthoesters) and poly(anhydrides). Depot injectable formulations are also prepared by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions that are compatible with body tissue. For use in the methods of this disclosure, active compounds can be given per se or as a pharmaceutical composition containing, for example, 0.1 to 99.5% (more preferably, 0.5 to 90%) of active ingredient in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of introduction may also be provided by rechargeable or biodegradable devices. Various slow release polymeric devices have been developed and tested in vivo in recent years for the controlled delivery of drugs, including proteinaceous biopharmaceuticals. A variety of biocompatible polymers (including hydrogels), including both biodegradable and non-degradable polymers, can be used to form an implant for the sustained release of a compound at a particular target site. Actual dosage levels of the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions may be varied so as to obtain an amount of the active ingredient that is effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a particular patient, composition, and mode of administration, without being toxic to the patient. The selected dosage level will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the particular compound or combination of compounds employed, or the ester, salt or amide thereof, the route of administration, the time of administration, the rate of excretion of the particular compound(s) being employed, the duration of the treatment, other drugs, compounds and/or materials used in combination with the particular compound(s) employed, the age, sex, weight, condition, general health and prior medical history of the patient being treated, and like factors well known in the medical arts. A physician or veterinarian having ordinary skill in the art can readily determine and prescribe the therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition required. For example, the physician or veterinarian could start doses of the pharmaceutical composition or compound at levels lower than that required in order to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and gradually increase the dosage until the desired effect is achieved. By "therapeutically effective amount" is meant the concentration of a compound that is sufficient to elicit the desired therapeutic effect. It is generally understood that the effective amount of the compound will vary according to the weight, sex, age, and medical history of the subject. Other factors which influence the effective amount may include, but are not limited to, the severity of the patient's condition, the disorder being treated, the stability of the compound, and, if desired, another type of therapeutic agent being administered with the compound of the disclosure. A larger total dose can be delivered by multiple administrations of the agent. Methods to determine efficacy and dosage are known to those skilled in the art (Isselbacher et al. (1996) Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 13 ed., 1814-1882, herein incorporated by reference). In general, a suitable daily dose of an active compound used in the compositions and methods of the disclosure will be that amount of the compound that is the lowest dose effective to produce a therapeutic effect. Such an effective dose will generally depend upon the factors described above. If desired, the effective daily dose of the active compound may be administered as one, two, three, four, five, six or more sub-doses administered separately at appropriate intervals throughout the day, optionally, in unit dosage forms. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the active compound may be administered two or three times daily. In preferred embodiments, the active compound will be administered once daily. The patient receiving this treatment is any animal in need, including primates, in particular humans, and other mammals such as equines, cattle, swine and sheep; and poultry and pets in general. In certain embodiments, compounds of the disclosure may be used alone or conjointly administered with another type of therapeutic agent. As used herein, the phrase "conjoint administration" refers to any form of administration of two or more different therapeutic compounds such that the second compound is administered while the previously administered therapeutic compound is still effective in the body (e.g., the two compounds are simultaneously effective in the patient, which may include synergistic effects of the two compounds). For example, the different therapeutic compounds can be administered either in the same formulation or in a separate formulation, either concomitantly or sequentially. In certain embodiments, the different therapeutic compounds can be administered within one hour, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, or a week of one another. Thus, an individual who receives such treatment can benefit from a combined effect of different therapeutic compounds. In certain embodiments, conjoint administration of compounds of the disclosure with one or more additional therapeutic agent(s) (e.g., one or more additional chemotherapeutic agent(s)) provides improved efficacy relative to each individual administration of the compound of the disclosure or the one or more additional therapeutic agent(s). In certain such embodiments, the conjoint administration provides an additive effect, wherein an additive effect refers to the sum of each of the effects of individual administration of the compound of the disclosure and the one or more additional therapeutic agent(s). This disclosure includes the use of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of the disclosure in the compositions and methods of the present disclosure. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein includes salts derived from inorganic or organic acids including, for example, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric, perchloric, phosphoric, formic, acetic, lactic, maleic, fumaric, succinic, tartaric, glycolic, salicylic, citric, methanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, malonic, trifluoroacetic, trichloroacetic, naphthalene-2-sulfonic, oxalic, mandelic and other acids. Pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms can include forms wherein the ratio of molecules comprising the salt is not 1:1. For example, the salt may comprise more than one inorganic or organic acid molecule per molecule of base, such as two hydrochloric acid molecules per molecule of compound. As another example, the salt may comprise less than one inorganic or organic acid molecule per molecule of base, such as two molecules of compound per molecule of tartaric acid. In further embodiments, contemplated salts of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, alkyl, dialkyl, trialkyl or tetra-alkyl ammonium salts. In certain embodiments, contemplated salts of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, L-arginine, benzathine, betaine, calcium hydroxide, choline, diethanolamine, diethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, 1H-imidazole, lithium, L-lysine, magnesium, 4-(2- hydroxyethyl)morpholine, piperazine, potassium, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine, sodium, triethanolamine, tromethamine, and zinc salts. In certain embodiments, contemplated salts of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, Na, Ca, K, Mg, Zn or other metal salts. The pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts can also exist as various solvates, such as with methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, and the like. Mixtures of such solvates can also be prepared. The source of such solvate can be from the solvent of crystallization, inherent in the solvent of preparation or crystallization, or adventitious to such solvent. Wetting agents, emulsifiers and lubricants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium stearate, as well as coloring agents, release agents, coating agents, sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents, preservatives and antioxidants can also be present in the compositions. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable antioxidants include: (1) water-soluble antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, cysteine hydrochloride, sodium bisulfate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite and the like; (2) oil-soluble antioxidants, such as ascorbyl palmitate, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), lecithin, propyl gallate, alpha- tocopherol, and the like; and (3) metal-chelating agents, such as citric acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sorbitol, tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like. EXPERIMENTS Arginine metabolism in healthy children and children with CKD Children with CKD have higher concentrations of arginase and higher arginase activity compared to healthy children. Table 1. Arginine dysregulation in children with and without CKD

Table 2. Arginine dysregulation and left ventricular hypertrophy in children with CKD

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common cardiovascular complication in pediatric CKD patients. In CKD patients with LVH, arginase activity has been shown to be increased. LVMI z-score ≥2 = children with CKD and LVH; LVMI z-score<2 = children with CKD without LVH.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A method of treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications in kidney disease comprising administering an effective amount of an arginase inhibitor to a subject in need thereof.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine (BEC), its derivative, or salts thereof.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(2- (pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)hexanoic acid

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(4- chlorobenzyl)-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is 2-amino-6-borono-2-(6-(3,4- dichlorobenzyl)-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-yl)hexanoic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is 1-alanyl-3-amino-4-(3- boronopropyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its derivative, or salts thereof.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-9a-amino-3-ethoxy-8- glycyloctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3- ethoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one, its derivative, or salts thereof.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is (6aS,9aR)-8-alanyl-9a-amino-3- isopropoxyoctahydro-[1,2]oxaborocino[6,7-c]pyrrol-1(3H)-one its derivative, or salts thereof.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L-arginine.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the arginase inhibitor is administered in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the subject is diagnosed with kidney disease and a cardiovascular condition.