WO2023281233A1 - Polymere d'acide 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonique et leur utilisation - Google Patents
Polymere d'acide 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonique et leur utilisation Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023281233A1 WO2023281233A1 PCT/FR2022/051379 FR2022051379W WO2023281233A1 WO 2023281233 A1 WO2023281233 A1 WO 2023281233A1 FR 2022051379 W FR2022051379 W FR 2022051379W WO 2023281233 A1 WO2023281233 A1 WO 2023281233A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- polymer
- weight
- soluble polymer
- salts
- Prior art date
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012688 inverse emulsion polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 57
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 51
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 39
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004760 accelerator mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N Carbon-12 Chemical compound [12C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-OUBTZVSYSA-N Carbon-13 Chemical compound [13C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 4
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002307 isotope ratio mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012010 media fill test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010560 atom transfer radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006085 branching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000180 cavity ring-down spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012705 nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUWCWMOCWKCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-thiazol-4-one Chemical class O=C1CSN=C1 VUWCWMOCWKCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUMJJNHOWLBVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(trioxidanyl)butane Chemical group CCCCOOO PUMJJNHOWLBVRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2h-pyridine Chemical compound C=CN1CC=CC=C1 OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/035—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
- C08F220/585—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine and containing other heteroatoms, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid [AMPS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/588—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/068—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole using chemical treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer based on bio-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts and its use in various technical fields, and in particular in the field of enhanced oil and gas recovery and in the treatment of residues from the mining industry.
- the polymers of the invention are of particular interest in enhanced oil recovery by sweeping an underground formation, and in hydraulic fracturing.
- ATBS 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
- linear polymers based on very high molecular weight ATBS are sought. This is the case in the field of enhanced oil and gas recovery and in the treatment of residues from the mining industry.
- the impurities of acrylonitrile are for example acrolein or methyl vinyl ketone
- the impurities of isobutylene are alkenes having at least two unsaturations. Many techniques exist to reduce the level of these impurities, but they each have their limits.
- the problem which the invention sets out to solve is to provide a new polymer based on ATBS and/or one of its salts of very high molecular weight, and possessing a very high degree of linearity.
- the invention firstly relates to a linear polymer with a weight-average molecular weight greater than 10 million daltons, said polymer being obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts. at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- the polymer according to the invention is preferably obtained by inverse emulsion polymerization or by gel polymerization.
- the degree of linearity is determined by the Filter Ratio method.
- the polymer according to the invention preferably has a filtration quotient (or filter ratio denoted “FR”) of less than 1.2, preferably less than 1.17, more preferably less than 1.13, even more preferably less than 1.1.
- the invention also relates to a process for enhanced recovery of oil or gas by sweeping an underground formation comprising the injection into the underground formation of an aqueous composition
- a. Prepare an injection fluid from a polymer according to the invention, with water or brine, b. Inject the injection fluid into a subterranean formation, c. Sweep the underground formation with the injected fluid, d. Recover an aqueous and oily and/or gaseous mixture.
- a method of hydraulic fracturing an underground oil or gas reservoir comprising the following steps: a. Preparing an injection fluid from a polymer according to the invention, with water or brine, and with at least one propping agent, b. Injecting said fluid into the underground reservoir and fracturing at least a part thereof in order to recover the oil and/or the gas.
- the invention also relates to a method for treating a suspension of solid particles in water resulting from mining or from the exploitation of bituminous sands, comprising bringing said suspension into contact with at least one polymer according to 'invention.
- the degree of linearity is determined by the method of the filtration quotient (“Filter Ratio” in English) detailed below.
- filtration quotient is used herein to refer to a test used to determine the performance of polymer solution under conditions approaching reservoir permeability by measuring the time taken for given volumes/concentrations of solution to pass through a filtered.
- the FR generally compares the filterability of the polymer solution for two consecutive equivalent volumes, which indicates the tendency of the solution to clog the filter. Lower FRs indicate better performance.
- the test used to determine the FR consists of measuring the times it takes for given volumes of solution containing 1000 active ppm of polymer to flow through a filter.
- the solution is contained in a pressurized cell at two bars of pressure and the filter is 47 mm in diameter and has a defined pore size.
- the FR is measured with filters having a pore size of 1.2 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m or 10 ⁇ m.
- Times are measured to the nearest 0.1 second.
- the FR thus represents the capacity of the polymer solution to clog the filter for two equivalent consecutive volumes.
- the term "of renewable and non-fossil origin” denotes the origin of a chemical compound derived from biomass or synthesis gas (syngas), i.e. say being the result of one or more chemical transformations carried out on one or more raw materials having a natural and non-fossil origin.
- biomass or synthesis gas syngas
- bio-based or “bio-based” can also be used to characterize the renewable and non-fossil origin of a chemical compound.
- the renewable and non-fossil origin of a compound includes renewable and non-fossil raw materials from the circular economy, and which have been previously recycled, one or more times, during a process of recycling material from biomass, such as, for example, materials resulting from the depolymerization of polymers or from the transformation of pyrolysis oil.
- the quality of "at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin" of a compound means a biosourced carbon content preferably between 5% by weight and 100% by weight relative to the total weight of carbon of said compound.
- ASTM D6866-21 standard, method B is used to characterize the biobased nature of a chemical compound, and to determine the biobased carbon content of said compound. The value is expressed as a percentage by weight of biobased carbon relative to the total weight of carbon in said compound.
- ASTM D6866-21 is a test method that teaches how to experimentally measure the bio-based carbon content of solids, liquids, and gaseous samples by radiocarbon analysis.
- This standard mainly uses the technology of the AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) in English, mass spectrometry by accelerator.
- This technique is used to naturally measure the radionuclides present in a sample, in which the atoms are ionized, then accelerated to high energies, then separated, and individually counted in Faraday collectors.
- This high-energy separation is extremely effective at filtering out isobaric interference, so the AMS is able to accurately measure the abundance of carbon-14 relative to carbon-12 (14C/12C) to an accuracy of 1.10 15 .
- Method B of the ASTM D6866-21 standard uses AMS and IRMS (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectroscopy in English), isotope ratio mass spectroscopy.
- the test method makes it possible to directly distinguish carbon atoms from renewable carbon from carbon atoms of fossil origin.
- a measure of the carbon-14 to carbon-12 or carbon-14 to carbon-13 content of a product is determined against a current carbon-based reference material accepted by the radiocarbon dating such as Standard Reference Material (SRM) 4990C (oxalic acid) from the NIST institute.
- SRM Standard Reference Material
- sample preparation method is described in the standard and does not require any particular comments as it corresponds to a commonly used procedure.
- All pMC values obtained from radiocarbon analyzes should be corrected for isotopic fractionation using a given stable isotope.
- the correction must be made using the values of the carbon-14 content compared to the carbon-13 determined directly thanks to the AMS when possible. If this is not possible, correction should be made using delta 13C ( ⁇ 13C) measured by IRMS, CRDS (Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy) or any other equivalent technology that can provide precision to plus or minus 0.3 per thousand.
- Zero pMC represents the complete absence of measurable 14C in a material above background signals thus indicating a fossil carbon source (e.g. petroleum-based).
- a value of 100 pMC indicates a fully "modern” carbon source.
- a pMC value between 0 and 100 indicates a proportion of carbon derived from a fossil source compared to a “modern” source.
- the pMC may be greater than 100% due to the continuing, but diminishing, effects of atmospheric 14C injection caused by atmospheric nuclear testing programs. pMC values should be adjusted by an atmospheric correction factor (REF) to obtain the true biobased content of the sample.
- REF atmospheric correction factor
- the correction factor is based on the excess 14C activity in the atmosphere at the time of the tests.
- a REF value of 102 pMC was determined for 2015 based on measurements of C02 in the air in a rural area of the Netherlands (Lutjewad, Groningen).
- the first version of this standard (ASTM D6866-04) in 2004 had referenced a value of 107.5 pMC and the later version ASTM D6866-10 (2010) had referenced a value of 105 pMC.
- These data points correspond to a decline of 0.5 pMC per year. Therefore, on January 2 of each year, the values in Table 1 below are used as the REF until 2019, reflecting the same decrease of 0.5 pMC per year.
- the term "segregated” is understood to mean a material flow that is distinctive and distinguishable from other material flows in a value chain (for example in a process for manufacturing a product), and this fact considered as part of a whole of matter having an equivalent nature, so that one can follow and guarantee throughout this value chain the same origin of the material, or its manufacture according to the same standard or the same standard.
- ATBS 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
- non-segregated as opposed to the term “segregated”, is understood to mean a material flow that cannot be distinguished from other material flows in a value chain.
- the circular economy can be defined as an economic system of exchange and production which, at all stages of the product life cycle ( goods and services), aims to increase the efficiency of the use of resources and reduce the impact on the environment while developing the well-being of individuals.
- it is an economic system dedicated to efficiency and sustainability that minimizes waste by optimizing the value generated by resources. It relies heavily on various conservation and recycling methods to break away from the current, more linear approach of “grab, produce and throw away”.
- the mass or weight balance approach consists in carrying out precise accounting monitoring of the proportion of a category (for example "recycled") in relation to a whole in a production system in order to ensure, on the basis of of an auditable ledger, a proportionate and appropriate attribution of the content of said category in a finished product.
- a category for example "recycled”
- the mass or weight balance approach consists in carrying out precise accounting monitoring of the proportion of a category (for example "recycled") in relation to a whole in a production system in order to ensure, on the basis of of an auditable ledger, a proportionate and appropriate attribution of the content of said category in a finished product.
- This may correspond, for example, to the purchase by a chemist of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (ATBS) biobased at 50% from a supplier guaranteeing, according to the mass or weight balance approach, that in the ATBS delivered, 50% of the ATBS at a bio-based source, and de facto 50% does not have a bio-based origin, and the use by said chemist of this 50% bio-based ATBS with another stream of 0% bio-based ATBS, the two streams no longer being able to be distinguished at a time of production, due to a mixture for example.
- ATBS 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
- recycled is understood to mean the origin of a chemical compound resulting from a process for recycling a material considered as waste, that is to say being the result of one or more transformations carried out during at least one recycling process on at least one material generally considered as waste.
- the biobased carbon content of a compound for which it is specified that it is at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, or for which the biobased carbon content is specified, relative to the total weight of carbon in said compound is from 5% by weight to 100% by weight, and preferably from 10% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 15% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 20% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 25% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 30% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 35% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 40% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 45% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 50% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 55% by weight to 100 % by weight, preferably from 60% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 65% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 70% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably by 75% by weight 100% by weight, preferably e from 80% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably from 85% by weight to 100% by weight
- the subject of the invention is a linear polymer with a weight-average molecular weight greater than 10 million daltons, said polymer being obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts, at least in part of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- the polymer according to the invention preferably has a filtration quotient (or filter ratio denoted “FR”) of less than 1.2, preferably less than 1.17, more preferably less than 1.13, even more preferably less than 1.1.
- FR filter ratio
- Polymer A according to the invention preferably has a filtration quotient (or filter ratio denoted "FR") lower by at least 0.1 unit than the filtration quotient of a polymer B identical to polymer A but which has the only difference that the polymer B is not obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts, at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- the filtration quotient of polymer A is preferentially lower by at least 0.12 unit than the filtration quotient of a polymer B, more preferentially lower by at least 0.15 unit, even more preferentially lower by at least 0.17 unit, even more preferentially lower by at least 0.19 units.
- 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts has a biobased carbon content relative to the total weight of carbon in said 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid of between 5 % by weight and 100% by weight, the content of bio-based carbon being measured according to the standard ASTM D6866-21, method B.
- the reaction implemented in the process for the preparation of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid corresponds to the reaction scheme below, in which the acrylonitrile is present in excess so as to be both the solvent of the reaction and a reactant.
- Acrylonitrile is brought into contact with fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) and isobutylene.
- the acrylonitrile used to manufacture 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts has a biobased carbon content relative to the total weight of carbon in said acrylonitrile of between 5% by weight and 100% by weight, the bio-based carbon content being measured according to ASTM D6866-21, method B.
- the isobutylene used to manufacture 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts has a biobased carbon content relative to the total weight of carbon in said isobutylene of between 5% by weight and 100% by weight, the bio-based carbon content being measured according to ASTM D6866-21, method B.
- the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid is preferably totally of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- the acrylonitrile is totally of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- isobutylene is totally of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is used to designate 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts.
- the water-soluble salts of these monomers are their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or alkylamine salts.
- the polymer according to the invention is water-soluble.
- water-soluble polymer means a polymer which gives a clear aqueous solution when it is dissolved with stirring at 25° C. and with a concentration of 20 gL 1 in water.
- the polymer according to the invention may be a homopolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or one of its salts, at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, or a copolymer of at least one acid 2 -acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic and/or one of its salts, at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, and of at least one different additional monomer, the latter being advantageously chosen from at least one nonionic monomer, and /or at least one anionic monomer, and/or at least one cationic monomer, and/or at least one zwitterionic monomer, and/or at least one monomer comprising a hydrophobic group.
- the polymer according to the invention preferably comprises at least 10 mol% 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts being at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, more preferably at least 20 mol%, even more preferably at least 25 mol%, even more preferably at least 30 mol%, even more preferably at least 40 mol%, even more preferably at least 50 mol%, even more preferably at least 60 mol%, even more preferably at least 65 mol%, even more preferably at least 70 mol%, even more preferably at least 80 mol%, even more preferably at least 90 mol%.
- the nonionic monomer is preferably chosen from acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N-vinylformamide (NVF), N-vinyl acetamide, N- vinylpyridine and N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), N-vinyl imidazole, N-vinyl succinimide, acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), acryloyl chloride, glycidyl methacrylate.
- NVF N-vinylformamide
- NDP N-vinyl acetamide
- N-vinyl imidazole N-vinyl succinimide
- ACMO acryloyl morpholine
- acryloyl chloride glycidyl methacrylate.
- the anionic monomer is preferably chosen from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylamido undecanoic acid, 3-acrylamido 3 acid -methylbutanoic, maleic anhydride, vinylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethylmethacrylate, sulfopropylmethacrylate, sulfopropylacrylate, allylphosphonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane disulphonic acid, and the water-soluble salts of these monomers such as their alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal or ammonium salts. It is preferably acrylic acid (and/or one of its salts).
- the cationic monomer is preferably chosen from quaternized dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (AD AME), quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (MADAME), dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DADMAC), acrylamido propyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (APTAC), and methacrylamido propyltrimethyl ammonium (MAPTAC).
- the zwitterionic monomer can be a derivative of a unit of the vinyl type, in particular acrylamide, acrylic, allylic or maleic, this monomer possessing an amine or ammonium function (advantageously quaternary) and an acid function of the carboxylic type (or carboxylate), sulphonic (or sulphonate) or phosphoric (or phosphate).
- Monomers having a hydrophobic character can also be used in the preparation of the polymer. They are preferably chosen from the group consisting of esters of (meth)acrylic acid having an alkyl, arylalkyl, propoxylated, ethoxylated, or ethoxylated and propoxylated chain; (meth)acrylamide derivatives having an alkyl, arylalkyl propoxylated, ethoxylated, ethoxylated and propoxylated, or dialkyl chain; alkyl aryl sulphonates, or by mono- or di-substituted (meth)acrylamide amides having an alkyl, arylalkyl, propoxylated, ethoxylated, or ethoxylated and propoxylated chain; (meth)acrylamide derivatives having an alkyl, arylalkyl propoxylated, ethoxylated, ethoxylated and propoxylated, or dialkyl chain; al
- the water-soluble polymer may comprise at least one LCST group, for example an LCST macromonomer.
- an LCST group corresponds to a group whose solubility in water for a given concentration is modified beyond a certain temperature.
- This is a group with a transition temperature by heating defining its lack of affinity with the solvent medium (water).
- the lack of affinity with the solvent results in an opacification or a loss of transparency which may be due to precipitation, aggregation, gelling or viscosification of the medium.
- the minimum transition temperature is called “LCST” (lower critical solubility temperature, from the acronym “Lower Critical Solution Temperature”).
- LCST lower critical solubility temperature
- the LCST macromonomer is obtained by synthesizing an LCST oligomer having a functional end, then by grafting an ethylenic group onto this functional end.
- the water-soluble polymer may comprise at least one UCST group, for example a UCST macromonomer.
- the polymerization techniques can be chosen from radical polymerization, controlled radical polymerization known as RAFT (reversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer), NMP (polymerization in the presence of nitroxides, English “Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization”) or ATRP (radical polymerization by transfer of atoms, from English “Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.
- RAFT irreversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer
- NMP polymerization in the presence of nitroxides
- ATRP radioactive radical polymerization by transfer of atoms
- the polymer according to the invention can be modified after it has been obtained by polymerization. We then speak of post modification of the polymer. All known post-modifications can be applied to the polymer according to the invention, and the invention also relates to the polymers obtained after said post-modifications. Among the possible post modifications developed below are post hydrolysis and post modification by Hoffman reaction.
- the polymer according to the invention can be obtained by carrying out a post-hydrolysis reaction on a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one monomer obtained by the process according to the invention or of at least one monomer as previously described in the part “Monomer”.
- the polymer comprises, for example, monomeric units of acrylamide or methacrylamide.
- the polymer may also further comprise monomeric units of N-vinylformamide.
- the post-hydrolysis consists of the reaction of hydrolyzable functional groups of advantageously nonionic monomeric units, more advantageously amide or ester functions, with an agent of 'hydrolysis.
- This hydrolysis agent can be an enzyme, an ion exchange resin, an alkali metal, or an appropriate acidic compound.
- the hydrolysis agent is a Bronsted base.
- the post-hydrolysis reaction produces carboxylate groups.
- the post-hydrolysis reaction produces amine groups.
- the polymer can be in the form of an inverse emulsion, gel or solid when its preparation includes a drying step such as "spray drying", drum drying, radiation drying such as micro-drying waves, or fluidized bed drying.
- a drying step such as "spray drying", drum drying, radiation drying such as micro-drying waves, or fluidized bed drying.
- the co-monomers associated with the monomer according to the invention to obtain the polymer of the invention are preferably at least partly, preferably totally of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- the invention relates to a polymer comprising:
- a first monomer at least 10% molar, preferably at least 15% molar, preferably between 20% and 99% molar, of a first monomer, said monomer being 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, and
- the invention relates to a polymer comprising:
- a first monomer at least 10% molar, preferably at least 15% molar, preferably between 20% and 99% molar, of a first monomer, said monomer being 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, and
- the polymer according to the invention can comprise four or more different monomers.
- the second and any other monomers have a biobased carbon content of between 5% by weight and 100% by weight, preferably 10% by weight and 100% by weight, relative to the total weight of carbon in the monomer concerned, the biobased carbon content being measured according to standard ASTM D6866-21, method B.
- the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin can be non-segregated, partially segregated, or totally segregated.
- the weight ratio between the "segregated" part and the "non-segregated” part is preferably between 99: 1 and 10: 90, preferably between 99: 1 and 30 : 70, more preferably between 99: 1 and 50: 50.
- the three modes a), the three modes b) and the mode c) l) are preferred.
- modes a)1), a)2), b)1), b)2) and c)1) are even more preferred.
- the two most preferred modes are a)1) and b)1).
- Industrial reality means that it is not always possible to obtain industrial quantities of totally recycled and/or segregated biobased 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane acid or with a high degree of recycling and/or segregation. This is why the aforementioned preferences are perhaps more difficult to implement at present. From a practical point of view, modes a)3), b)3), and modes c) are implemented more easily and on a larger scale today. As techniques are rapidly evolving in the direction of the circular economy, there is no doubt that the preferred modes, which can already be applied, will be able to be applied on a very large scale quickly.
- the polymer according to the invention preferably has a weight-average molecular weight of between 11 and 40 million daltons, more preferably between 12 and 40 million, even more preferably between 13 and 40 million daltons, even more preferably between 15 and 40 million.
- the weight-average molecular weight is advantageously determined by the intrinsic viscosity of the (co)polymer.
- the intrinsic viscosity can be measured by methods known to those skilled in the art and can be calculated from the reduced viscosity values for different (co)polymer concentrations by a graphical method consisting in noting the reduced viscosity values (ordinate axis ) on the concentration (x-axis) and to extrapolate the curve to zero concentration.
- the intrinsic viscosity value is plotted on the ordinate axis or using the least squares method.
- the molecular weight can then be determined by the Mark-Houwink equation:
- [h] KM“ [h] represents the intrinsic viscosity of the (co)polymer determined by the solution viscosity measurement method.
- K represents an empirical constant
- M represents the molecular weight of the (co)polymer.
- a represents the Mark-Houwink coefficient.
- K and a depend on the particular (co)polymer-solvent system.
- the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and/or one of its salts used to synthesize the polymer of the invention comes partially or totally from a recycling process.
- the polymer according to the invention is obtained according to the following steps:
- the recycling rate corresponds to the ratio by weight of the recycled material to the total material.
- the invention relates to a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer and/or one of its salts, said monomer being at least partly of renewable origin and non-fossil, and said polymer being obtained by inverse emulsion polymerization.
- the invention therefore also relates to an inverse emulsion comprising at least one polymer according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a solid polymer obtained by drying or spray dring of the inverse emulsion according to the invention.
- the polymer contained in the inverse emulsion according to the invention preferably has a weight-average molecular weight greater than 10 million daltons, more preferably between 11 and 40 million daltons, even more preferably between 12 and 40 million, even more preferably between 13 and 40 million daltons, even more preferably between 15 and 40 million.
- An inverse emulsion otherwise known as a water-in-oil emulsion, is composed of an oily phase, usually a lipophilic solvent or an oil, which constitutes the continuous phase, in which water droplets comprising a polymer are suspended, these droplets of water forming a dispersed phase.
- An emulsifying surfactant called water-in-oil surfactant placing itself at the water/oil interface makes it possible to stabilize the dispersed phase (water+polymer) in the continuous phase (lipophilic solvent or oil).
- an oil-in-water surfactant which is an inverting agent, makes it possible to invert the emulsion and therefore to release the polymer when the emulsion is mixed with an aqueous fluid.
- the inverse emulsion according to the invention can be prepared according to any method known to those skilled in the art. Generally, an aqueous solution comprising the monomer(s) and the water-in-oil surfactant(s) is emulsified in an oily phase. Then, the polymerization of the monomers is carried out, advantageously by adding a free radical initiator.
- the polymerization is carried out in an isothermal, adiabatic or temperature-controlled manner.
- the temperature is kept constant, generally between 10 and 95°C (isothermal), or the temperature increases naturally (adiabatic) and in this case the reaction generally starts at a temperature below 40°C and the final temperature is generally higher than 50°C or, finally, the temperature increase is controlled so as to have a temperature curve between the isothermal curve and the adiabatic curve.
- the reversing agent(s) are added at the end of the polymerization reaction, preferably at a temperature below 50°C.
- the inverse emulsion according to the invention is preferably prepared according to the process comprising the following steps: a) Preparing an aqueous phase comprising at least one 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts at least in part of renewable and non-fossil origin, b) Preparing an oily phase comprising at least one oil and at least one water-in-oil surfactant, c) Mixing the aqueous phase and the oily phase in order to form an inverse emulsion, d) Once the inverse emulsion formed, polymerize the monomers of the aqueous phase to using a radical polymerization initiator, e) optionally adding an oil-in-water surfactant, f) optionally distilling the invert emulsion to increase the polymer concentration in said invert emulsion.
- the ratio by weight of the aqueous phase to the oily phase is preferably from 30/70 to 90/10, more preferably from 70/30 to 80/20.
- the inverse emulsion can be diluted and obtain a polymer concentration of up to 10% by weight. It is possible to concentrate the emulsion obtained, for example by distillation. In this case, the inverse emulsion can be concentrated and obtain a polymer concentration of up to 60% by weight.
- the oil of the inverse emulsion according to the invention advantageously designates an oil or a solvent which is immiscible in water.
- the oil used to prepare the water-in-oil emulsion of the invention can be a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, a synthetic oil or a mixture of several of these oils.
- mineral oil are mineral oils containing saturated hydrocarbons of the aliphatic, naphthenic, paraffinic, isoparaffinic, cycloparaffinic or naphthyl type.
- Examples of synthetic oil are hydrogenated polydecene or hydrogenated polyisobutene; an ester such as octyl stearate or butyl oleate.
- Exxsol® products from ExxonMobil are suitable oils.
- the inverse emulsion preferably comprises from 12 to 50% by weight of lipophilic oil or solvent, more preferably from 15 to 30% by weight.
- the water-in-oil emulsion of step a) above preferably comprises from 30 to 55% by weight of water, more preferably from 35 to 48% by weight.
- invert emulsion surfactant or "emulsifying agent” or “water-in-oil surfactant” refers to an agent capable of emulsifying water in oil whereas an "inverting agent” or “oil-in-water surfactant” refers to an agent capable of emulsifying oil in water. More specifically, an inverting agent is considered to be a surfactant having an HLB greater than or equal to 10, and an emulsifying agent is an agent surfactant with an HLB less than 10.
- the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of a chemical compound is a measure of the degree of hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, determined by calculating the values for the different regions of the molecule, as described by Griffin in 1949 (Griffin WC, Classification of Surface-Active Agents by HLB, Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 1949, 1, pages 311-326).
- Griffin's method based on calculating a value based on the chemical groups of the molecule.
- Griffin assigned a dimensionless number between 0 and 20 to give information about water and oil solubility.
- Substances with an HLB value of 10 are distributed between the two phases so that the hydrophilic group (molecular mass Mh) projects completely into the water while the lipophilic group (usually a hydrophobic hydrocarbon group) (molecular mass Mp) is in the non-aqueous phase.
- the HLB value of a substance having a total molecular mass M, a hydrophilic part with a molecular mass Mh and a lipophilic part with a molecular mass Mp is given by the following formula:
- the emulsifying agent can in particular be chosen from surfactant polymers such as:
- polyesters having a weight-average molecular weight of between 1000 and 3000 g/mol, for example the products of condensation between a polyisobutenyl succinic acid or its anhydride and a polyethylene glycol,
- sorbitan extracts such as sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan isostearate or sorbitan sesquioleate
- Products such as Witcamide® 511, betaine products and ethoxylated amines can also be used as water-in-oil emulsifiers.
- the invert emulsion may contain several water-in-oil emulsifiers. It preferably contains between 0.8 and 20% by weight of water-in-oil emulsifying agent, more advantageously 1 to 10% by weight.
- the radical polymerization initiator can be chosen from the initiators conventionally used in radical polymerization. These can be, for example, hydrogen peroxides, azo compounds or redox systems. Reference can be made to redox couples, with cumene hydroperoxide, tertiary butylhydroxyperoxide or persulfates among the oxidizing agents, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite and Mohr's salt among the reducing agents. Azo compounds such as 2,2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile) and 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride can also be used.
- the water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention preferably comprises from 8 to 60% by weight of polymer, preferably from 12 to 40%.
- the inverse emulsion can comprise from 1 to 40% by weight of salts, preferably from 3 to 30% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 25% by weight of salts.
- the salts present in the water-in-oil emulsion can be, for example, sodium salts, lithium salts, potassium salts, magnesium salts, aluminum salts, ammonium salts, phosphate salts , sulfate salts, chloride salts, fluoride salts, citrate salts, acetate salts, tartrate salts, hydrogen phosphate salts, water-soluble inorganic salts, other inorganic salts and their mixtures.
- These salts include sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium bromide, ammonium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and their mixtures.
- the inverse emulsion containing the polymer of the invention (designated “polymer A”) dissolved in the aqueous phase may also comprise solid particles of a water-soluble polymer (polymer B) obtained by polymerization of at least 10% molar, preferably at least 15% molar, preferably between 20% and 99% molar, of a first monomer, said first monomer being 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly d renewable and non-fossil origin, and at least 1% molar, preferably between 10% and 90% molar, more preferably between 10% and 80% molar of at least one second monomer comprising ethylenic unsaturation, said second monomer being different from first monomer, and being at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin.
- a water-soluble polymer polymer B
- polymer B in the form of solid particles has the same composition as polymer A.
- the particles of polymer B are advantageously obtained by a method of gel polymerization known to those skilled in the art.
- the water-soluble particles of polymer B are advantageously incorporated into the inverse emulsion of polymer A under magnetic stirring.
- the solid particles B of polymer have a size, before their incorporation into the inverse emulsion of polymer A, represented by a D50 (median size) advantageously between 5 mhi and 500 mhi.
- the median size (D50) of the particles is defined as the diameter of the particles for which half of the population (half in number of particles) falls below this value.
- Particle size refers to the average diameter measured using a laser diffraction particle analyzer using conventional techniques of those skilled in the art.
- An example of a device for measuring mean diameter is the Mastersizer from Malvem Instruments.
- the mass ratio between the inverse emulsion of polymer A and the solid particles of polymer B is between 1:1 and 10:1.
- the invention relates to a polymer obtained by polymerization of at least one 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer and/or one of its salts, said monomer being at least partly of renewable origin and non-fossil, and said polymer being obtained by gel polymerization.
- Gel-based polymerization consists of polymerizing the monomer(s) to obtain a polymeric gel.
- the monomer(s) are polymerized in an aqueous medium, and the gel obtained is an aqueous gel.
- the water-soluble polymer is obtained by gel polymerization optionally followed by drying and grinding to obtain polymer particles of the desired average size and optionally by sieving to obtain polymer particles having the correct particle size.
- the product resulting from the polymerization is a hydrated gel so viscous that it is self-supporting (thus a cube of gel with a side of 2.5 cm substantially maintains its shape when placed on a flat surface ).
- the gel thus obtained is a viscoelastic gel.
- the polymer obtained by the gel route according to the invention preferably has a weight-average molecular weight greater than 10 million daltons, more preferably between 11 and 40 million daltons, even more preferably between 12 and 40 million, even more preferably between 13 and 40 million daltons, even more preferably between 15 and 40 million.
- the polymer according to the invention is preferably not obtained by polymerization by precipitation, nor by polymerization in solution.
- Polymer according to the invention obtained by bead polymerization or in aqueous dispersion
- the polymer according to the invention can also be obtained by bead polymerization or by polymerization in aqueous dispersion.
- Inverse suspension polymerization is also called bead polymerization because it allows to obtain spherical particles having the shape of a bead. It consists of the polymerization of water-soluble monomers in dispersed aqueous phase in the form of droplets in a hydrophobic phase in the presence of at least one stabilizing surfactant.
- the monomers present in the droplets polymerize thanks to initiators to obtain "gelled" droplets composed mainly of water and polymer.
- One or more water and solvent extraction steps make it possible to isolate the polymer in the form of beads.
- the technique of polymerization in aqueous dispersion consists in carrying out the polymerization of a monomer or a mixture of monomers in water containing a salt and/or other chemical agents such as dispersants in solution or in dispersion.
- the hydrophilic polymer formed during the polymerization not being soluble in the saline medium and/or containing dispersants, it precipitates when it reaches a sufficiently high molecular weight.
- a liquid dispersion of polymer particles in suspension in the aqueous mixture is obtained.
- the present invention relates to the various processes described below in which the polymers of the invention make it possible to improve the application performance. Performance is particularly improved in the field of enhanced oil and gas recovery and in the processing of tailings from the mining industry.
- the polymers of the invention are of particular interest in enhanced oil recovery by sweeping an underground formation, in hydraulic fracturing.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for enhanced recovery of oil or gas by sweeping an underground formation comprising the injection into the underground formation of an aqueous composition
- a. Prepare an injection fluid from a polymer according to the invention, with water or brine, b. Inject the injection fluid into a subterranean formation, c. Sweep the underground formation with the injected fluid, d. Recover an aqueous and oily and/or gaseous mixture.
- the present invention relates more specifically to chemically enhanced oil recovery involving the continuous injection of an aqueous solution containing at least one water-soluble polymer in the form of a dilute solution, said aqueous solution being capable of push the oil out of the rock.
- the polymers according to the invention have a higher degree of linearity than that of the same polymers in which the ATBS used is not biosourced.
- the value of the filtration quotient FR is therefore lower and the injectivity properties improved.
- the polymer injects better and is therefore more effective in sweeping the underground formation.
- the polymer damages the geological formation less and spreads better, allowing injection at lower pressures, higher flow rates and longer durations. The yield of oil or gas recovery is thereby improved.
- polymers of the invention can be combined, if necessary, before their dissolution in water, with stabilizing compounds as described in patent application WO 2010/133258.
- the polymer is implemented by dissolving in water or in brine, the form most often encountered on oil fields.
- the injection fluid contains, after introduction of the aqueous solution viscosified by the polymer(s), between 20 ppm and 5,000 ppm by weight of one or more water-soluble copolymers as described above, preferably between 300 ppm and 4,000 ppm.
- the aqueous solution may additionally contain:
- the surfactants can, for example, be chosen from anionic surfactants and their zwitterions chosen from the group comprising derivatives of alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, arylalkyl sulphates, arylalkyl ether sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl ether sulphonates, aryl alkyl sulphonates, aryl alkyl ether sulphonates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, aryl alkyl phosphates, aryl alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl phosphonates , alkyletherphosphonates, arylalkylphosphonates, arylalkyletherphosphonates, alkylcarboxylates, alkylethercarboxylates, arylalkylcarboxylates, arylalkylethercarboxylates, alkylcarboxylates,
- alkyl is understood to mean a hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, of 6 to 24 carbons, branched or not, linear or optionally comprising one or more cyclic units, which may optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms (Y, N, S).
- arylalkyl group is defined as an alkyl group as defined above, comprising one or more aromatic rings, said aromatic rings possibly comprising one or more heteroatoms (O, N, S) and/or
- alkaline agent which can be chosen from alkali metal or ammonium hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates, such as sodium carbonate. and or
- At least one thinning agent such as polyvinyl alcohol modified or not, polyvinyl acetate or polyalkylene glycol of low molecular weight.
- At least stabilizing agent such as for example ITW, aqueous solution containing 15% by weight of thiourea and 7.5% by weight of isopropyl alcohol.
- the injection fluid after introduction of the aqueous solution of water-soluble polymer, has a viscosity of between 2 and 200 cps (centipoise), (viscosity measurements at 20° C. with a Brookfield viscometer with a UL module and at speed 6 revolutions per minute).
- the viscosified aqueous solution containing the desired polymer(s) is then injected into an oil field, according to any technique known to those skilled in the art in enhanced oil recovery processes, also called " EOR”. Its preparation is carried out on site, just upstream of its injection into the deposit. In general, all the components introduced into the aqueous solution are most often added to a circulation line of the aqueous solution or brine.
- the invention also relates to a method for hydraulic fracturing an underground oil or gas reservoir comprising the following steps: a. Prepare an injection fluid from a polymer according to the invention, with water or a brine, and optionally with at least one propping agent, b. Injecting said fluid into the underground reservoir and fracturing at least a part thereof in order to recover the oil and/or the gas.
- Hydraulic fracturing aims to create additional permeability and generate larger gas or oil production surfaces. Indeed, the low permeability, the natural barriers of compact layers and the waterproofing by drilling operations strongly limit production. The gas or oil contained in the unconventional reservoir cannot easily migrate from the rock to the well without stimulation.
- unconventional underground reservoirs we mean deposits requiring specific extraction technologies because they do not exist in the form of an accumulation in porous and permeable rock.
- Reservoir stimulation operations by fracturing consist of injecting water at high pressure and at a very high flow rate so as to create fractures distributed perpendicular to the production wells.
- a propping agent for example sand, plastic materials or calibrated ceramics
- friction reducers To reduce the hydraulic power required to rapidly inject water or brine into the subterranean formation polymers known as friction reducers are used.
- the use of such polymers makes it possible to reduce pressure losses due to internal friction in the fluid by up to 70%.
- the polymers according to the invention have a higher degree of linearity than that of the same polymers in which the ATBS used is not biosourced. The value of the filtration quotient is therefore lower and the properties of dissolution and friction reduction are improved, as well as the properties of suspending proppants such as sand.
- the polymers according to the invention exhibit improved friction reduction properties. They dissolve faster in the aqueous injection fluid; they are therefore effective more rapidly, in particular from the start of the injection phase. The time to reach the maximum level of friction reduction effectiveness is decreased.
- the polymer is preferably in the form of an inverse emulsion or a powder obtained by the gel process.
- the inverse emulsion form is particularly preferred.
- the proppant can be chosen without limitation from sand, ceramic, bauxite, glass beads, and sand impregnated with resin. It preferably represents from 0.5 to 40%, more preferably from 1 to 25% and even more preferably from 1.5 to 20%, by weight of the fracturing fluid.
- the fracturing fluid preferably comprises between 0.01% and 3% by weight of polymer according to the invention, more preferably between 0.025% and 1%, by weight, relative to the total weight of the fracturing fluid.
- the brine that makes up the fracturing fluid may include other compounds known to those skilled in the art, such as those cited in document SPE 152596, for example:
- Clay anti-swelling agents such as potassium chloride, or choline chloride, and/or
- Oxygen reducers such as ammonium bisulphite to prevent the destruction of other components by oxidation and corrosion of the injection tubes, and/or
- Lubricants such as oil distillates, and/or - Iron chelators such as citric acid, EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid), phosphonates, and/or
- Anti-scale products such as phosphates, phosphonates, polyacrylates or ethylene glycol.
- the invention relates to a method for treating a suspension of solid particles in water resulting from mining or from the exploitation of bituminous sands, comprising bringing said suspension into contact with at least one polymer according to invention.
- the polymers according to the invention have a higher degree of linearity than that of the same polymers in which the ATBS used is not biosourced. As a result, the polymer is more effective in the treatment of sludges and suspensions and makes it possible to avoid overdosing and therefore overconsumption of polymer.
- Such a process can be carried out in a thickener, which is a containment zone, usually in the form of a section of tube with a diameter of several meters with a conical bottom in which the particles can settle.
- aqueous suspension is transported by means of a pipe to a thickener, the polymer is added to said pipe.
- the polymer is added to a thickener which already contains the suspension to be treated.
- a thickener which already contains the suspension to be treated.
- slurries are often concentrated in a thickener. This leads to a higher density sludge which exits from the bottom of the thickener, and an aqueous fluid released from the treated suspension (called liquor) which exits by overflow, from the top of the thickener.
- liquor aqueous fluid released from the treated suspension
- the addition of the polymer increases the concentration of the sludge and increases the clarity of the liquor.
- the polymer is added to the suspension of particles during the transport of said suspension to a deposit zone.
- the polymer is added in the pipe which transports said suspension towards a zone of deposit. It is on this deposit zone that the treated suspension is spread with a view to its dehydration and its solidification. Drop zones can be unenclosed, such as an extent of ground not delimited, or closed as for example a basin, a cell.
- the water-soluble polymer is added to the suspension, then a mechanical treatment is carried out, such as centrifugation, pressing or filtration.
- the water-soluble polymer can be added simultaneously in different stages of the treatment of the suspension, i.e. for example in the pipe transporting the suspension to a thickener and in the sludge leaving the thickener which will be conducted either to a deposit area or to a mechanical treatment device.
- the polymer can be added in liquid form or in solid form.
- the polymer can be added in the form of an emulsion (water in oil), a suspension, a powder or a dispersion of the polymer in oil.
- the polymer is preferably added as an aqueous solution.
- polymer When the polymer is in solid form, it can be partially or fully dissolved in water using a polymer preparation unit such as the Polymer Slicing Unit (PSU) disclosed in EP 2203 245.
- PSU Polymer Slicing Unit
- the water-soluble polymer is added to the suspension in combination with another polymer, synthetic or natural. These polymers can be added simultaneously or separately.
- the other polymer can be water soluble or water swellable. It can be a dispersant, a coagulant or a flocculant.
- the quantity (dosage) of polymer added is between 50 and 5000 g per ton of dry solids of the suspension, preferably between 250 and 2000 g/t and more preferably between 500 and 1500 g/t, in depending on the nature and composition of the suspensions to be treated.
- the method using the polymer described in the invention makes it possible to effectively treat a suspension of solid particles and more particularly of mineral particles.
- Suspensions of solid particles in water include all types of sludge, residue or waste material.
- the suspensions come more particularly from the extraction of ores and come in the form of suspensions of mineral particles. They may, for example, correspond to sludge or industrial residues and all the products of washing and waste from mines originating from mining operations, such as, for example, coal mines, diamond mines, phosphate mines, of metal (aluminum, platinum, iron, gold, copper, silver, etc.). Slurries can also come from oil sand extraction, for example sludge or tailings derived from oil sand processing.
- These suspensions generally comprise organic and/or mineral particles, such as for example clays, sediments, sand, metal oxides, oil, etc.... mixed with water.
- the suspensions of solid particles are concentrated and contain between 5% and 60% by weight of solids, preferably between 20 and 50% by weight of solids, relative to the total weight of said suspensions.
- the process according to the invention is particularly useful for the treatment of residues originating from the extraction of bituminous sand: so-called “fine” or “fine tailings” residues, that is to say containing a large quantity of clays, and for the treatment of so-called “mature” fine tailings, Mature Fine Tailings (MFT), ie these same fine tailings after a few years of sedimentation, and containing an even greater quantity of clays.
- MFT Mature Fine Tailings
- the process according to the invention can also be used to treat so-called “fresh” residues, that is to say residues coming directly from the operation of separating the bitumen and the soil from which it is extracted.
- the aqueous suspension of solid particles is a so-called “mature” fine residue, that is to say a Mature Fine Tailing (MFT), resulting from the extraction of bituminous sand.
- MFT Mature Fine Tailing
- Oil sand tailings are aqueous alkaline suspensions that contain residual unrecovered bitumen, salts, compounds soluble organics, sands and clays. Tailings are discharged to tailings ponds for storage.
- Tailings ponds are closely regulated by the Canadian government. It takes two to four barrels of water per barrel of oil produced by the oil sands process. When the tailings slurry is discharged to the tailings ponds, coarse solid particles such as sand separate by gravity while water and fine solid particles, such as clays remain as suspensions in the tailings pond. . A layer of mature fine tailings (MFT) develops after two to three years. MFTs consolidate very slowly. It is estimated that the complete sedimentation process without any treatment lasts almost a century.
- MFT mature fine tailings
- the use of the polymer described in the invention makes it possible to treat MFTs in just a few days. They help increase drainage, water release, and general dehydration of MFTs. They also improve the mechanical properties of the materials obtained after separation of the water and the clarity of the aqueous fluid released (also called liquor), which allows the reuse of the clarified water and its immediate availability for recirculation in the installation. industrial typically for the step of separating the bitumen from the ground from which it is extracted.
- the invention also relates to the use of the polymer according to the invention in the recovery of oil and gas, in the drilling and cementing of wells, in the stimulation of oil and gas wells (for example hydraulic fracturing, conformance, diversion), in the treatment of water in open, closed or semi-closed circuits, in the treatment of fermentation musts, in the treatment of sludge, in the manufacture of paper, in construction, in the treatment of wood, in the treatment of hydraulic composition (concrete, cement, mortar and aggregates), in the mining industry, in the formulation of cosmetic products, in the formulation of detergents, in the manufacture of textiles, in the manufacture of components for batteries , in geothermal energy, in the manufacture of hygienic diapers, or in agriculture.
- the invention also relates to the use of the polymer according to the invention as a flocculant, coagulant, binding agent, fixing agent, viscosity-reducing agent, thickening agent, absorbing agent, friction-reducing agent, dripping agent, drainage agent, filler retention agent, dehydrating agent, conditioning agent, stabilizing agent, fixing agent, film-forming agent, sizing agent, superplasticizer, clay inhibitor or dispersant.
- Said polymer can be linear, branched, cross-linked, star-shaped, or in the form of a comb polymer. Said polymer can be used in the applications and uses previously described.
- Said polymer can be linear, branched, cross-linked, star-shaped, or in the form of a comb polymer. Said polymer can be used in the applications and uses previously described.
- Said polymer is preferably crosslinked.
- Said solid form can be a powder form or a bead form.
- Branched or crosslinked polymer obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin and at least one crosslinking agent or one branching agent comprising at least two unsaturated ethylenic functions, said polymer being obtained by inverse emulsion polymerization.
- Branched or crosslinked polymer obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin and at least one crosslinking agent or one branching agent comprising at least two unsaturated ethylenic functions, said polymer being obtained by gel polymerization.
- the branched or cross-linked polymers obtained from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and/or one of its salts at least partly of renewable and non-fossil origin, said polymer being obtained by precipitation polymerization, are polymers quite feasible and usable in the applications and uses described above, but they do not provide technical and industrial benefits. The same is true for the same polymers obtained by solution polymerization.
- Example 1 Synthesis of polymers P1 to P7 according to the invention and comparative CEI to CE3 (counter-examples) by a gel process
- the solution thus obtained is cooled to between 5 and 10° C. and then transferred to an adiabatic polymerization reactor. A nitrogen bubbling is then carried out for 30 minutes in order to eliminate all traces of dissolved oxygen.
- Example 2 Synthesis of polymers P8 to Pli according to the invention and comparative CE4 to CE5 (counter-examples) in inverse emulsion.
- an oily phase is prepared by adding 160g of Exxsol D100S (Light distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated) and the following emulsifying agents: 4.2g of Span® 80 (sorbitan monooleate) and 15g of Tween® 81 (monooleate of sorbitan 5EO).
- the oily phase is added to the aqueous phase while mixing to form an emulsion.
- the resulting dispersion is bubbling with nitrogen for 30 minutes while the temperature is stabilized at 25°C, then 0.002% by weight of peroxide is added to the emulsion and a 0.075% by weight solution of sodium metabisulphite ( MBS) is introduced into the dispersion at a rate of 0.1 milliliters per minute.
- MBS sodium metabisulphite
- the polymerization temperature is controlled between 38°C and 42°C for approximately 90 minutes.
- the residual monomers are then trapped by introducing a 0.03% by weight solution of sodium metabisulphite (MBS) at a rate of 1.0 milliliters per minute.
- a water-in-oil polymer emulsion is obtained.
- 50g of Surfonic L24-7 (reversing agent) was added to the water-in-oil polymer emulsion to facilitate development during use.
- Example 3 Filtration Quotients (FR) Filtration tests are carried out on the comparative polymers PI to Pli according to the invention and CEI to CE5. These polymers are dissolved at a concentration of 1000 ppm in a brine containing water, 30 OOOppm of NaCl and 3 OOOppm of CaCl 2 .2H 2 0. The filtration quotients (FR) are measured on filters, having a pore size of 1.2 mhi, representative of low permeability deposits. The results are shown in Table 4.
- the polymers PI, P2, P9 and P10 according to the invention as well as the comparative polymers CEI, CE4 and CE5 are dissolved with stirring at a concentration of 10,000 ppm in a brine composed of water, 85 g of chloride of sodium (NaCl) and 33.1g of calcium chloride (CaCh, 2 H2O) per liter of brine.
- the polymer saline solutions thus obtained are then injected at a concentration of 0.5 ppg into the brine put into circulation for the Flow Loop tests.
- the loop tank of the Flow Loop was filled with 20L of brine as described previously.
- the F low Foop is a friction flow loop, constructed from stainless steel tubing with an outside diameter of a quarter inch and an overall length of 20 feet.
- the test solutions are pumped into the bottom of a 5 liter conical tank.
- the solution passes through the tubing and is returned to the tank.
- the flow rate is obtained using a triplex pump equipped with a variable speed drive.
- the brine is then circulated through the Flow Foop loop at a rate of 24 gallons per minute.
- Fe polymer is added at a concentration of 0.5ppg into the recirculating brine. The percentage of friction reduction is thus determined thanks to the measurement of pressure variations inside the Flow Foop loop.
- the graphs of Figures 1 to 3 represent the percentage of friction reduction as a function of time for the brine containing each of the polymers.
- Tests of resistance to chemical degradation of the polymers P3 to P6 according to the invention and comparative CE2 to CE3 were carried out under aerobic conditions in the presence of different concentrations of iron (II) (2, 5, 10 and 20 ppm) in a brine composed of water, 37000 ppm NaCl, 5000 ppm Na2SC>4 and 200 ppm NaHCCL.
- the polymers are dissolved at a concentration of 1000 ppm in brines containing iron (II).
- the results of the degradation tests (Table 5) are obtained after 24 hours.
- Each percentage loss of viscosity is determined by comparing the viscosity of the polymer solution in the brine after dissolution of the polymer (t 0 ) and its viscosity after 24 h (t24 h ). The viscosities are measured with a Brookfield viscometer (UL module, 25° C., 60 rpm ).
- the polymers are dissolved in tap water to obtain aqueous solutions with a concentration of 0.4% by weight of polymer relative to the total weight of the solution.
- the solutions are mechanically stirred at 500 rpm until the complete solubilization of the polymers and the obtaining of clear and homogeneous solutions.
- a series of flocculation tests are carried out on a mining effluent coming from a coal mine, and having a solid content of 17.4% by weight.
- a quantity of each solution corresponding to a polymer dosage of 280 g of polymer per ton of dry matter of the mining effluent, is added to 200 g of mining effluent. Thorough mixing is done manually until flocculation and optimum water release are observed. The result is expressed using the LNE (Net Water Release) which corresponds to the total quantity of water recovered one hour after the flocculation test, minus the quantity of water unduly added during the incorporation of the aqueous solution polymer in the suspension. The same LNE is calculated after 24 hours, which gives a good overview of the maximum water release.
- LNE Net Water Release
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Abstract
Description
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EP22755241.1A EP4367197A1 (fr) | 2021-07-09 | 2022-07-08 | Polymere d'acide 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonique et leur utilisation |
CN202280036516.4A CN117355593A (zh) | 2021-07-09 | 2022-07-08 | 2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸聚合物及其用途 |
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WO2010133258A1 (fr) | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-25 | Snf Sas | Nouvelles formulations de polymères hydrosolubles et d'additifs stabilisants pour l'injection d'un seul composé utilisable dans des fluides d'injection pour une méthode chimique de récupération améliorée du pétrole |
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2022
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Cited By (1)
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WO2024133792A1 (fr) | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-27 | Snf Group | Polymere hybride et son procede d'obtention |
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CN117355593A (zh) | 2024-01-05 |
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