WO2023277513A1 - 무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for performing communication in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for performing a sensing procedure in a next-generation wireless LAN system. .
- WLAN wireless local area network
- Wi-Fi wireless local area network
- technologies recently introduced to wireless LANs include enhancements for VHT (Very High-Throughput) of the 802.11ac standard, and enhancements for HE (High Efficiency) of the IEEE 802.11ax standard. do.
- VHT Very High-Throughput
- HE High Efficiency
- An improvement technique for providing sensing for a device using a WLAN signal ie, WLAN sensing
- a WLAN signal ie, WLAN sensing
- IEEE 802.11 task group (TG) bf based on channel estimation using a WLAN signal between devices operating in a frequency band below 7 GHz
- an object eg, person, object, etc.
- Standard technology development is in progress to perform sensing for Object sensing based on a WLAN signal has the advantage of being able to utilize an existing frequency band and having a lower possibility of invasion of privacy compared to existing sensing technologies.
- the frequency range used in WLAN technology increases, precise sensing information can be obtained, and along with this, technology for reducing power consumption to efficiently support precise sensing procedures is being studied.
- a technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for performing a sensing procedure in a wireless LAN system.
- An additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving one or more fragment information constituting sensing measurement information in a wireless LAN system.
- An additional technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for triggering a sensing measurement result in a specific sensing burst using a sounding dialog token number in a wireless LAN system.
- a method for performing a sensing procedure by a first station (STA) in a wireless LAN system includes a first null data physical (NDP) including a sounding dialog token field.
- NDP null data physical
- PPDU protocol data unit
- PPDU protocol data unit
- a first NDP (null data physical protocol data including a sounding dialog token) field Transmitting a unit (PPDU)) announcement frame to the first STA; And receiving at least one feedback fragment constituting a first feedback frame from the first STA, wherein the sounding dialog token field is detected by sensing a variant of the first NDP announcement frame It may include information indicating that it is an NDP announcement frame and a first sounding dialog token number, and the one or more feedback fragments may be received based on a first trigger frame including the first sounding dialog token number.
- PPDU unit
- a method and apparatus for performing a sensing procedure in a wireless LAN system may be provided.
- a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving one or more fragment information constituting sensing measurement information in a wireless LAN system may be provided.
- a method and apparatus for triggering a sensing measurement result in a specific sensing burst using a sounding dialog token number in a wireless LAN system may be provided.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block configuration diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a WLAN system to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- FIG 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a frame transmission operation based on CSMA/CA to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a WLAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- 8 to 10 are diagrams for explaining examples of resource units of a WLAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 11 shows an exemplary structure of a HE-SIG-B field.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a MU-MIMO method in which a plurality of users/STAs are allocated to one RU.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a PPDU format to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 14 shows an exemplary format of an NDP announcement frame to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- 15 is a diagram for explaining a HE Non-TB/TB sounding procedure to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- 16 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a first STA performs a sensing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 17 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a second STA performs a sensing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 18 is a diagram for explaining a non-TB/TB sensing procedure to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- FIG 19 shows an example of a feedback fragment to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- first and second are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component and are not used to limit the components, unless otherwise specified. The order or importance among them is not limited. Accordingly, within the scope of the present disclosure, a first component in one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment, and similarly, a second component in one embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment. can also be called
- Examples of the present disclosure may be applied to various wireless communication systems.
- examples of the present disclosure may be applied to a wireless LAN system.
- examples of the present disclosure may be applied to an IEEE 802.11a/g/n/ac/ax standards-based wireless LAN.
- examples of the present disclosure may be applied to a wireless LAN based on the newly proposed IEEE 802.11be (or EHT) standard.
- Examples of the present disclosure may be applied to a wireless LAN based on the IEEE 802.11be Release-2 standard corresponding to an additional improvement technology of the IEEE 802.11be Release-1 standard.
- examples of the present disclosure may be applied to a next-generation standards-based wireless LAN after IEEE 802.11be.
- examples of this disclosure may be applied to a cellular wireless communication system.
- a cellular wireless communication system based on Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based technology and 5G New Radio (NR)-based technology of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- NR 5G New Radio
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block configuration diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the first device 100 and the second device 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 are a terminal, a wireless device, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), a user equipment (UE), and a mobile station (MS). ), UT (user terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Unit), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), WT (Wireless terminal), or simply user. term can be replaced.
- the first device 100 and the second device 200 include an access point (AP), a base station (BS), a fixed station, a Node B, a base transceiver system (BTS), a network, It can be replaced with various terms such as AI (Artificial Intelligence) system, RSU (road side unit), repeater, router, relay, and gateway.
- AP access point
- BS base station
- BTS base transceiver system
- AI Artificial Intelligence
- RSU road side unit
- repeater router, relay, and gateway.
- the devices 100 and 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 may also be referred to as stations (STAs).
- the devices 100 and 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 may be referred to by various terms such as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a transmitting STA, and a receiving STA.
- the STAs 110 and 200 may perform an access point (AP) role or a non-AP role. That is, in the present disclosure, the STAs 110 and 200 may perform functions of an AP and/or a non-AP.
- AP access point
- the STAs 110 and 200 may perform functions of an AP and/or a non-AP.
- an AP may also be indicated as an AP STA.
- the first device 100 and the second device 200 may transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless LAN technologies (eg, IEEE 802.11 series).
- the first device 100 and the second device 200 may include an interface for a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer (PHY) conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- MAC medium access control
- PHY physical layer
- the first device 100 and the second device 200 may additionally support various communication standards (eg, 3GPP LTE series, 5G NR series standards, etc.) technologies other than wireless LAN technology.
- the device of the present disclosure may be implemented in various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, a personal computer, augmented reality (AR) equipment, and virtual reality (VR) equipment.
- the STA of the present specification includes voice call, video call, data communication, autonomous-driving, machine-type communication (MTC), machine-to-machine (M2M), device-to-device (D2D), Various communication services such as IoT (Internet-of-Things) may be supported.
- MTC machine-type communication
- M2M machine-to-machine
- D2D device-to-device
- IoT Internet-of-Things
- the first device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108.
- the processor 102 controls the memory 104 and/or the transceiver 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of operations set forth in this disclosure.
- the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate first information/signal, and transmit a radio signal including the first information/signal through the transceiver 106 .
- the processor 102 may receive a radio signal including the second information/signal through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory 104.
- the memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102 .
- memory 104 may perform some or all of the processes controlled by processor 102, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure. (instructions) may be stored.
- the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (eg, IEEE 802.11 series).
- the transceiver 106 may be coupled to the processor 102 and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 108 .
- the transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit.
- a device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- the second device 200 includes one or more processors 202, one or more memories 204, and may further include one or more transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208.
- the processor 202 controls the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of operations set forth in this disclosure.
- the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate third information/signal, and transmit a radio signal including the third information/signal through the transceiver 206 .
- the processor 202 may receive a radio signal including the fourth information/signal through the transceiver 206 and store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory 204 .
- the memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202 .
- memory 204 may perform some or all of the processes controlled by processor 202, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or flowcharts of operations disclosed in this disclosure. It may store software codes including them.
- the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (eg, IEEE 802.11 series).
- the transceiver 206 may be coupled to the processor 202 and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 208 .
- the transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
- a device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102, 202.
- one or more processors 102, 202 may implement one or more layers (eg, functional layers such as PHY, MAC).
- One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts disclosed herein.
- PDUs Protocol Data Units
- SDUs Service Data Units
- One or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, control information, data or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams set forth in this disclosure.
- One or more processors 102, 202 may process PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or signals containing information (e.g., baseband signals) according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed herein. generated and provided to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
- One or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206, the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or described in this disclosure.
- PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information may be acquired according to the operational flowcharts.
- One or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or microcomputer.
- One or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
- DSPs Digital Signal Processors
- DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
- PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
- FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, and the like.
- Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flow diagrams disclosed in this disclosure may be included in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204). It can be driven by the above processors 102 and 202.
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flow diagrams disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
- One or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled with one or more processors 102, 202 and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and/or instructions.
- One or more memories 104, 204 may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
- One or more memories 104, 204 may be located internally and/or external to one or more processors 102, 202. Additionally, one or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled to one or more processors 102, 202 through various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
- One or more transceivers 106, 206 may transmit user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc., as referred to in the methods and/or operational flow charts of this disclosure, to one or more other devices.
- the one or more transceivers 106, 206 may receive user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts, etc. disclosed in this disclosure from one or more other devices. there is.
- one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive wireless signals.
- one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. In addition, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be coupled with one or more antennas 108, 208, and one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108, 208, as described herein. , procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. can be set to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc.
- one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (eg, antenna ports).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) convert the received radio signals/channels from RF band signals in order to process the received user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). It can be converted into a baseband signal.
- One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, and radio signals/channels processed by one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals.
- one or more of the transceivers 106, 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.
- one of the STAs 100 and 200 may perform an intended operation of an AP, and the other of the STAs 100 and 200 may perform an intended operation of a non-AP STA.
- the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 1 transmit and receive signals (eg, packets conforming to IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be or PPDU (Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit)). action can be performed.
- signals eg, packets conforming to IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be or PPDU (Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit)
- PPDU Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit
- an operation in which various STAs generate transmission/reception signals or perform data processing or calculation in advance for transmission/reception signals may be performed by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 1 .
- an example of an operation of generating a transmission/reception signal or performing data processing or calculation in advance for the transmission/reception signal is, 1) a field included in the PPDU (SIG (signal), STF (short training field), LTF (long training field), Data, etc.) operation of determining/acquiring/constructing/operating/decoding/encoding, 2) time resource or frequency used for fields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.) included in the PPDU Operation of determining/constructing/acquiring resources (eg, subcarrier resources), etc.
- SIG signal
- STF short training field
- LTF long training field
- Data etc.
- time resource or frequency used for fields SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.
- ACK signal may include operations related to / calculation / decoding / encoding.
- various information eg, information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc. used by various STAs to determine / acquire / configure / calculate / decode / encode transmission and reception signals may be stored in the memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 1 .
- downlink refers to a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and a downlink PPDU/packet/signal may be transmitted and received through the downlink.
- a transmitter may be part of an AP STA, and a receiver may be part of a non-AP STA.
- Uplink refers to a link for communication from non-AP STAs to AP STAs, and UL PPDUs/packets/signals may be transmitted and received through uplink.
- a transmitter may be part of a non-AP STA, and a receiver may be part of an AP STA.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a WLAN system to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- the structure of the WLAN system may be composed of a plurality of components.
- a wireless LAN supporting STA mobility transparent to an upper layer may be provided by interaction of a plurality of components.
- a Basic Service Set (BSS) corresponds to a basic building block of a wireless LAN.
- BSS1 and BSS2 there are two BSSs (BSS1 and BSS2), and two STAs are included as members of each BSS (STA1 and STA2 are included in BSS1, and STA3 and STA4 are included in BSS2) by way of example.
- An ellipse representing a BSS in FIG. 2 may also be understood as representing a coverage area in which STAs included in the corresponding BSS maintain communication. This area may be referred to as a Basic Service Area (BSA).
- BSA Basic Service Area
- the most basic type of BSS in a wireless LAN is an independent BSS (Independent BSS, IBSS).
- IBSS may have a minimal form consisting of only two STAs.
- BSS1 composed of only STA1 and STA2 or BSS2 composed of only STA3 and STA4 may respectively correspond to representative examples of IBSS.
- This configuration is possible when STAs can communicate directly without an AP.
- this type of wireless LAN it is not configured in advance, but may be configured when a LAN is required, and this may be referred to as an ad-hoc network.
- IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity. That is, in IBSS, STAs are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs can be made up of mobile STAs, and access to the distributed system (DS) is not allowed, forming a self-contained network.
- DS distributed system
- the STA's membership in the BSS may be dynamically changed by turning on or off the STA, entering or exiting the BSS area, and the like.
- the STA may join the BSS using a synchronization process.
- the STA In order to access all services of the BSS infrastructure, the STA must be associated with the BSS. This association may be dynamically established and may include the use of a Distribution System Service (DSS).
- DSS Distribution System Service
- Direct STA-to-STA distance in a WLAN may be limited by PHY performance. In some cases, this distance limit may be sufficient, but in some cases, communication between STAs at a longer distance may be required.
- a distributed system (DS) may be configured to support extended coverage.
- DS means a structure in which BSSs are interconnected.
- a BSS may exist as an extended form of a network composed of a plurality of BSSs.
- DS is a logical concept and can be specified by the characteristics of Distributed System Media (DSM).
- DSM Distributed System Media
- WM wireless medium
- DSM may be logically separated.
- Each logical medium is used for a different purpose and is used by different components. These media are not limited to being the same, nor are they limited to being different.
- the flexibility of the WLAN structure (DS structure or other network structure) can be explained in that a plurality of media are logically different. That is, the WLAN structure may be implemented in various ways, and the corresponding WLAN structure may be independently specified by the physical characteristics of each embodiment.
- a DS can support a mobile device by providing seamless integration of multiple BSSs and providing logical services needed to address addresses to destinations.
- the DS may further include a component called a portal that serves as a bridge for connection between the wireless LAN and other networks (eg, IEEE 802.X).
- An AP means an entity that enables access to a DS through a WM for coupled non-AP STAs and also has the functionality of an STA. Data movement between the BSS and the DS may be performed through the AP.
- STA2 and STA3 shown in FIG. 2 have the functionality of STAs, and provide a function allowing combined non-AP STAs (STA1 and STA4) to access the DS.
- all APs basically correspond to STAs, all APs are addressable entities.
- the address used by the AP for communication on the WM and the address used by the AP for communication on the DSM are not necessarily the same.
- a BSS composed of an AP and one or more STAs may be referred to as an infrastructure BSS.
- Data transmitted from one of the STA(s) coupled to an AP to an STA address of that AP is always received on an uncontrolled port and may be processed by an IEEE 802.1X port access entity.
- transmission data or frames can be delivered to the DS.
- An extended service set may be set to provide wide coverage in addition to the above-described DS structure.
- ESS refers to a network in which a network having an arbitrary size and complexity is composed of DS and BSS.
- An ESS may correspond to a set of BSSs connected to one DS. However, ESS does not include DS.
- An ESS network is characterized by being seen as an IBSS in the LLC (Logical Link Control) layer. STAs included in the ESS can communicate with each other, and mobile STAs can move from one BSS to another BSS (within the same ESS) transparently to the LLC.
- APs included in one ESS may have the same service set identification (SSID).
- the SSID is distinguished from the BSSID, which is an identifier of the BSS.
- BSSs can partially overlap, which is a form commonly used to provide continuous coverage.
- BSSs may not be physically connected, and logically there is no limit on the distance between BSSs.
- the BSSs may be physically located in the same location, which may be used to provide redundancy.
- one (or more than one) IBSS or ESS networks may physically exist in the same space as one (or more than one) ESS network. This is when an ad-hoc network operates in a location where an ESS network exists, when physically overlapping wireless networks are configured by different organizations, or when two or more different access and security policies are required in the same location. It may correspond to the form of an ESS network in the like.
- FIG 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- the STA In order for the STA to set up a link with respect to the network and transmit/receive data, it first discovers the network, performs authentication, establishes an association, and authenticates for security have to go through
- the link setup process may also be referred to as a session initiation process or a session setup process.
- the processes of discovery, authentication, association, and security setting of the link setup process may be collectively referred to as an association process.
- the STA may perform a network discovery operation.
- the network discovery operation may include a scanning operation of the STA. That is, in order for the STA to access the network, it needs to find a network in which it can participate.
- the STA must identify a compatible network before participating in a wireless network, and the process of identifying a network existing in a specific area is called scanning.
- FIG. 3 exemplarily illustrates a network discovery operation including an active scanning process.
- active scanning an STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to discover which APs exist around it while moving channels and waits for a response thereto.
- a responder transmits a probe response frame as a response to the probe request frame to the STA that has transmitted the probe request frame.
- the responder may be an STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned.
- the AP since the AP transmits the beacon frame, the AP becomes a responder.
- the STAs in the IBSS rotate to transmit the beacon frame, so the responder is not constant.
- an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 stores BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and transmits the probe request frame on the next channel (e.g., channel 2).
- channel e.g., channel 2
- scanning ie, probe request/response transmission/reception on channel 2
- the scanning operation may be performed in a passive scanning manner.
- passive scanning an STA performing scanning waits for a beacon frame while moving channels.
- a beacon frame is one of the management frames defined in IEEE 802.11, and is periodically transmitted to notify the existence of a wireless network and to allow an STA performing scanning to find a wireless network and participate in the wireless network.
- the AP serves to transmit beacon frames periodically, and in the IBSS, STAs within the IBSS rotate to transmit beacon frames.
- an STA performing scanning receives a beacon frame, it stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records beacon frame information in each channel while moving to another channel.
- the STA receiving the beacon frame may store BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, move to the next channel, and perform scanning in the next channel in the same way. Comparing active scanning and passive scanning, active scanning has an advantage of having less delay and less power consumption than passive scanning.
- step S320 After the STA discovers the network, an authentication process may be performed in step S320.
- This authentication process may be referred to as a first authentication process in order to be clearly distinguished from the security setup operation of step S340 to be described later.
- the authentication process includes a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an authentication response frame to the STA.
- An authentication frame used for authentication request/response corresponds to a management frame.
- the authentication frame includes authentication algorithm number, authentication transaction sequence number, status code, challenge text, RSN (Robust Security Network), finite cyclic group Group), etc. This corresponds to some examples of information that may be included in the authentication request/response frame, and may be replaced with other information or additional information may be further included.
- the STA may transmit an authentication request frame to the AP.
- the AP may determine whether to allow authentication of the corresponding STA based on information included in the received authentication request frame.
- the AP may provide the result of the authentication process to the STA through an authentication response frame.
- an association process may be performed in step S330.
- the association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA.
- the association request frame includes information related to various capabilities, beacon listen interval, service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobility It may include information about domain, supported operating classes, TIM broadcast request (Traffic Indication Map Broadcast request), interworking service capability, and the like.
- the combined response frame includes information related to various capabilities, status code, association ID (AID), supported rate, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, received channel power indicator (RCPI), received signal to RSNI (received signal to Noise Indicator), mobility domain, timeout interval (e.g., association comeback time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, Quality of Service (QoS) map, etc. can do. This corresponds to some examples of information that may be included in the association request/response frame, and may be replaced with other information or additional information may be further included.
- AID association ID
- EDCA enhanced distributed channel access
- RCPI received channel power indicator
- RSNI received signal to Noise Indicator
- timeout interval
- a security setup process may be performed in step S340.
- the security setup process of step S340 may be referred to as an authentication process through RSNA (Robust Security Network Association) request/response, and the authentication process of step S320 is referred to as a first authentication process, and the security setup process of step S340 may also simply be referred to as an authentication process.
- RSNA Robot Security Network Association
- the security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of setting up a private key through 4-way handshaking through an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame.
- the security setup process may be performed according to a security method not defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- a basic access mechanism of medium access control is a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism.
- the CSMA/CA mechanism is also called Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 MAC, and basically adopts a "listen before talk" access mechanism.
- DCF Distributed Coordination Function
- the AP and / or STA senses a radio channel or medium for a predetermined time interval (eg, DCF Inter-Frame Space (DIFS)) prior to starting transmission
- a predetermined time interval eg, DCF Inter-Frame Space (DIFS)
- DIFS DCF Inter-Frame Space
- the medium is determined to be in an idle state, frame transmission is started through the corresponding medium, while the medium is occupied or If it is detected that it is busy, the corresponding AP and/or STA does not start its own transmission and waits by setting a delay period (eg, random backoff period) for medium access.
- Frame transmission may be attempted later, and since several STAs are expected to attempt frame transmission after waiting for different periods of time due to the application of the random backoff period, collision may be minimized.
- HCF Hybrid Coordination Function
- HCF is based on the DCF and Point Coordination Function (PCF).
- PCF is a polling-based synchronous access method and refers to a method in which all receiving APs and/or STAs periodically poll to receive data frames.
- HCF has Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) and HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA).
- EDCA is a contention-based access method for a provider to provide data frames to multiple users, and HCCA uses a non-contention-based channel access method using a polling mechanism.
- the HCF includes a medium access mechanism for improving WLAN QoS (Quality of Service), and can transmit QoS data in both a Contention Period (CP) and a Contention Free Period (CFP). .
- the random backoff count has a pseudo-random integer value and may be determined as one of values ranging from 0 to CW.
- CW is a contention window parameter value.
- the CW parameter is given CWmin as an initial value, but may take a value twice as large in case of transmission failure (for example, when an ACK for the transmitted frame is not received).
- CW parameter value When the CW parameter value reaches CWmax, data transmission may be attempted while maintaining the CWmax value until data transmission is successful, and when data transmission is successful, the CWmin value is reset.
- the STA continuously monitors the medium while counting down the backoff slots according to the determined backoff count value.
- the medium is monitored for occupancy, it stops counting down and waits, and resumes the rest of the countdown when the medium becomes idle.
- STA3 when a packet to be transmitted arrives at the MAC of STA3, STA3 can transmit the frame immediately after confirming that the medium is idle as much as DIFS. The remaining STAs monitor and wait for the medium to be occupied/occupied. In the meantime, data to be transmitted may also occur in each of STA1, STA2, and STA5, and each STA waits as long as DIFS when the medium is monitored as idle, and then counts down the backoff slot according to the random backoff count value selected by each STA. can be performed. Assume that STA2 selects the smallest backoff count value and STA1 selects the largest backoff count value.
- STA1 and STA5 temporarily stop counting down and wait while STA2 occupies the medium.
- STA1 and STA5 wait for DIFS and resume the stopped backoff count. That is, frame transmission may be started after counting down the remaining backoff slots for the remaining backoff time. Since the remaining backoff time of STA5 is shorter than that of STA1, STA5 starts frame transmission. While STA2 occupies the medium, data to be transmitted may also occur in STA4.
- the STA4 may perform a countdown according to the random backoff count value selected by the STA4 and start transmitting frames.
- the example of FIG. 4 shows a case where the remaining backoff time of STA5 coincides with the random backoff count value of STA4 by chance. In this case, a collision may occur between STA4 and STA5. When a collision occurs, both STA4 and STA5 do not receive an ACK, so data transmission fails. In this case, STA4 and STA5 may double the CW value, select a random backoff count value, and perform a countdown.
- STA1 waits while the medium is occupied due to transmission of STA4 and STA5, waits for DIFS when the medium becomes idle, and then starts frame transmission after the remaining backoff time has elapsed.
- the data frame is a frame used for transmission of data forwarded to a higher layer, and may be transmitted after a backoff performed after DIFS elapses from when the medium becomes idle.
- the management frame is a frame used for exchange of management information that is not forwarded to a higher layer, and is transmitted after a backoff performed after an IFS such as DIFS or Point Coordination Function IFS (PIFS). Beacon, association request/response, re-association request/response, probe request/response, authentication request/response as subtype frames of management frame. request/response), etc.
- a control frame is a frame used to control access to a medium.
- control frame is not a response frame of the previous frame, it is transmitted after backoff performed after DIFS elapses, and if it is a response frame of the previous frame, it is transmitted without performing backoff after SIFS (short IFS) elapses.
- the type and subtype of the frame may be identified by a type field and a subtype field in a frame control (FC) field.
- QoS (Quality of Service) STA is AIFS (arbitration IFS) for the access category (AC) to which the frame belongs, that is, AIFS[i] (where i is a value determined by AC) Backoff performed after elapsed After that, the frame can be transmitted.
- AIFS[i] may be used for a data frame, a management frame, or a control frame other than a response frame.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a frame transmission operation based on CSMA/CA to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- the CSMA/CA mechanism includes virtual carrier sensing in addition to physical carrier sensing in which an STA directly senses a medium.
- Virtual carrier sensing is intended to compensate for problems that may occur in medium access, such as a hidden node problem.
- the STA's MAC may use a Network Allocation Vector (NAV).
- NAV Network Allocation Vector
- the STA's MAC may use a Network Allocation Vector (NAV).
- NAV Network Allocation Vector
- NAV is a value that indicates to other STAs the remaining time until the medium is available for use by an STA currently using or having the right to use the medium.
- the value set as the NAV corresponds to a period in which the medium is scheduled to be used by the STA transmitting the frame, and the STA receiving the NAV value is prohibited from accessing the medium during the corresponding period.
- the NAV may be set based on the value of the “duration” field of the MAC header of the frame.
- STA1 intends to transmit data to STA2, and STA3 is in a position capable of overhearing some or all of frames transmitted and received between STA1 and STA2.
- a mechanism using RTS/CTS frames may be applied.
- STA1 while transmission of STA1 is being performed, as a result of carrier sensing of STA3, it may be determined that the medium is in an idle state. That is, STA1 may correspond to a hidden node to STA3.
- STA2 it may be determined that the carrier sensing result medium of STA3 is in an idle state while transmission of STA2 is being performed. That is, STA2 may correspond to a hidden node to STA3.
- STA1 may determine whether a channel is being used through carrier sensing. In terms of physical carrier sensing, STA1 may determine a channel occupation idle state based on an energy level or signal correlation detected in a channel. In addition, in terms of virtual carrier sensing, STA1 may use a network allocation vector (NAV) timer to determine a channel occupancy state.
- NAV network allocation vector
- STA1 may transmit an RTS frame to STA2 after performing a backoff when the channel is in an idle state during DIFS.
- STA2 may transmit a CTS frame as a response to the RTS frame to STA1 after SIFS.
- STA3 uses duration information included in the RTS frame to transmit frames continuously transmitted thereafter
- a NAV timer for (eg, SIFS + CTS frame + SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame) may be set.
- STA3 uses duration information included in the CTS frame to transmit frames that are subsequently transmitted continuously
- a NAV timer for a period (eg, SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame) may be set.
- STA3 can overhear one or more of the RTS or CTS frames from one or more of STA1 or STA2, it can set the NAV accordingly.
- the STA3 may update the NAV timer using duration information included in the new frame. STA3 does not attempt channel access until the NAV timer expires.
- STA1 When STA1 receives the CTS frame from STA2, it may transmit a data frame to STA2 after SIFS from the time when reception of the CTS frame is completed. When the STA2 successfully receives the data frame, it may transmit an ACK frame as a response to the data frame to the STA1 after SIFS.
- STA3 may determine whether the channel is being used through carrier sensing when the NAV timer expires. When the STA3 determines that the channel is not used by other terminals during DIFS after expiration of the NAV timer, the STA3 may attempt channel access after a contention window (CW) according to a random backoff has passed.
- CW contention window
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a WLAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the PHY layer may prepare an MPDU (MAC PDU) to be transmitted. For example, when a command requesting transmission start of the PHY layer is received from the MAC layer, the PHY layer switches to the transmission mode and configures information (eg, data) provided from the MAC layer in the form of a frame and transmits it. . In addition, when the PHY layer detects a valid preamble of the received frame, it monitors the header of the preamble and sends a command notifying the start of reception of the PHY layer to the MAC layer.
- MPDU MPDU
- PPDU PHY layer protocol data unit
- a basic PPDU frame may include a Short Training Field (STF), a Long Training Field (LTF), a SIGNAL (SIG) field, and a Data field.
- the most basic (eg, non-high throughput (HT)) PPDU frame format may consist of only legacy-STF (L-STF), legacy-LTF (L-LTF), SIG field, and data field.
- L-STF legacy-STF
- L-LTF legacy-LTF
- SIG field legacy-LTF
- data field e.g, legacy-STF
- L-LTF legacy-LTF
- data field e.g., HT-mixed format PPDU, HT-greenfield format PPDU, VHT (Very High Throughput) PPDU, etc.
- an additional (or different type) STF, LTF, and SIG fields may be included (this will be described later with reference to FIG. 7).
- the STF is a signal for signal detection, automatic gain control (AGC), diversity selection, precise time synchronization, and the like
- the LTF is a signal for channel estimation and frequency error estimation.
- the STF and LTF may be referred to as signals for synchronization and channel estimation of the OFDM physical layer.
- the SIG field may include a RATE field and a LENGTH field.
- the RATE field may include information on modulation and coding rates of data.
- the LENGTH field may include information about the length of data. Additionally, the SIG field may include a parity bit, a SIG TAIL bit, and the like.
- the data field may include a SERVICE field, a physical layer service data unit (PSDU), and a PPDU TAIL bit, and may also include padding bits if necessary.
- Some bits of the SERVICE field may be used for synchronization of the descrambler at the receiving end.
- the PSDU corresponds to the MAC PDU defined in the MAC layer, and may include data generated/used in the upper layer.
- the PPDU TAIL bit can be used to return the encoder to a 0 state.
- Padding bits may be used to adjust the length of a data field in a predetermined unit.
- a MAC PDU is defined according to various MAC frame formats, and a basic MAC frame is composed of a MAC header, a frame body, and a Frame Check Sequence (FCS).
- the MAC frame may be composed of MAC PDUs and transmitted/received through the PSDU of the data part of the PPDU frame format.
- the MAC header includes a frame control field, a duration/ID field, an address field, and the like.
- the frame control field may include control information required for frame transmission/reception.
- the duration/ID field may be set to a time for transmitting a corresponding frame or the like.
- a null-data packet (NDP) frame format means a frame format that does not include a data packet. That is, the NDP frame refers to a frame format that includes a physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) header part (ie, STF, LTF, and SIG fields) in a general PPDU frame format and does not include the remaining parts (ie, data field). do.
- PLCP physical layer convergence procedure
- An NDP frame may also be referred to as a short frame format.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- the basic PPDU format (IEEE 802.11a/g) includes L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG and Data fields.
- the basic PPDU format may also be referred to as a non-HT PPDU format.
- the HT PPDU format (IEEE 802.11n) additionally includes HT-SIG, HT-STF, and HT-LFT(s) fields to the basic PPDU format.
- the HT PPDU format shown in FIG. 7 may be referred to as an HT-mixed format.
- an HT-greenfield format PPDU may be defined, which does not include L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG, but includes HT-GF-STF, HT-LTF1, HT-SIG, one or more HT-LTF, Data Corresponds to a format composed of fields (not shown).
- VHT PPDU format (IEEE 802.11ac) includes VHT SIG-A, VHT-STF, VHT-LTF, and VHT-SIG-B fields in addition to the basic PPDU format.
- HE PPDU format IEEE 802.11ax
- R-SIG Repeated L-SIG
- HE-SIG-A HE-SIG-B
- HE-STF HE-LTF(s)
- PE Packet Extension
- Some fields may be excluded or their length may vary according to detailed examples of the HE PPDU format.
- the HE-SIG-B field is included in the HE PPDU format for multi-user (MU), and the HE-SIG-B is not included in the HE PPDU format for single user (SU).
- the HE trigger-based (TB) PPDU format does not include HE-SIG-B, and the length of the HE-STF field may vary to 8us.
- the HE ER (Extended Range) SU PPDU format does not include the HE-SIG-B field, and the length of the HE-SIG-A field may vary to 16us.
- 8 to 10 are diagrams for explaining examples of resource units of a WLAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- An RU may include a plurality of subcarriers (or tones).
- the RU may be used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on the OFDMA technique.
- an RU may be defined even when a signal is transmitted to one STA.
- RU may be used for STF, LTF, data fields, etc. of the PPDU.
- RUs corresponding to different numbers of tones are used to select some fields of a 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz X-PPDU (X is HE, EHT, etc.) can be configured.
- resources may be allocated in RU units shown for the X-STF, X-LTF, and Data fields.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary arrangement of resource units (RUs) used on a 20 MHz band.
- 26-units ie, units corresponding to 26 tones
- 6 tones may be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band
- 5 tones may be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band.
- 7 DC tones are inserted in the center band, that is, the DC band
- 26-units corresponding to each of the 13 tones may exist on the left and right sides of the DC band.
- 26-unit, 52-unit, and 106-unit may be allocated to other bands. Each unit may be allocated for STAs or users.
- the RU arrangement of FIG. 8 is utilized not only in a situation for multiple users (MU) but also in a situation for a single user (SU), and in this case, as shown at the bottom of FIG. 8, using one 242-unit it is possible In this case, three DC tones may be inserted.
- RUs of various sizes that is, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU are exemplified, but the specific size of these RUs may be reduced or expanded. Therefore, in the present disclosure, the specific size of each RU (ie, the number of corresponding tones) is exemplary and not restrictive. In addition, within a predetermined bandwidth (eg, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 MHz, ...) in the present disclosure, the number of RUs may vary according to the size of the RU. In the examples of FIGS. 9 and/or 10 to be described below, the fact that the size and/or number of RUs can be changed is the same as the example of FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary arrangement of resource units (RUs) used on a 40 MHz band.
- 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, and the like may also be used in the example of FIG.
- 5 DC tones may be inserted at the center frequency, 12 tones are used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40MHz band, and 11 tones are used in the rightmost band of the 40MHz band. This can be used as a guard band.
- a 484-RU when used for a single user, a 484-RU may be used.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary arrangement of resource units (RUs) used on an 80 MHz band.
- RUs resource units
- RUs of various sizes are used, in the example of FIG. 10, 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, 996-RU, etc. can be used. there is.
- RU arrangements of HE PPDUs and EHT PPDUs may be different, and the example of FIG. 10 shows an example of RU arrangements for 80 MHz EHT PPDUs.
- 12 tones are used as the guard band in the leftmost band of the 80 MHz band and 11 tones are used as the guard band in the rightmost band of the 80 MHz band.
- EHT PPDU EHT PPDU.
- the EHT PPDU Unlike the HE PPDU where 7 DC tones are inserted into the DC band and there is one 26-RU corresponding to each of the 13 tones on the left and right sides of the DC band, in the EHT PPDU, 23 DC tones are inserted into the DC band, There is one 26-RU on the left and right side of the DC band. Unlike the HE PPDU where one null subcarrier exists between 242-RUs rather than the center band, there are five null subcarriers in the EHT PPDU. In the HE PPDU, one 484-RU does not include null subcarriers, but in the EHT PPDU, one 484-RU includes 5 null subcarriers.
- 996-RU when used for a single user, 996-RU may be used, and in this case, the insertion of 5 DC tones is common to HE PPDU and EHT PPDU.
- EHT PPDUs of 160 MHz or higher may be set to a plurality of 80 MHz subblocks in FIG. 10 .
- the RU arrangement for each 80 MHz subblock may be the same as that of the 80 MHz EHT PPDU of FIG. 10 . If the 80 MHz subblock of the 160 MHz or 320 MHz EHT PPDU is not punctured and the entire 80 MHz subblock is used as part of RU or Multiple RU (MRU), the 80 MHz subblock may use 996-RU of FIG. 10 .
- MRU Multiple RU
- the MRU corresponds to a group of subcarriers (or tones) composed of a plurality of RUs
- the plurality of RUs constituting the MRU may be RUs of the same size or RUs of different sizes.
- single MRUs are: 52+26-ton, 106+26-ton, 484+242-ton, 996+484-ton, 996+484+242-ton, 2 ⁇ 996+484-ton, 3 ⁇ 996-ton, or 3 ⁇ 996+484-tons.
- the plurality of RUs constituting one MRU may correspond to small-sized (eg, 26, 52, or 106) RUs or large-sized (eg, 242, 484, or 996) RUs.
- one MRU including a small size RU and a large size RU may not be set/defined.
- a plurality of RUs constituting one MRU may or may not be consecutive in the frequency domain.
- the 80 MHz subblock may use RU arrangements other than the 996-tone RU.
- the RU of the present disclosure may be used for uplink (UL) and/or downlink (DL) communication.
- an STA eg, an AP
- a trigger may include trigger information (eg, a trigger frame or a triggered response scheduling (TRS) ), a first RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) is allocated to the first STA, and a second RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) is allocated to the second STA.
- RU, etc. can be allocated.
- the first STA may transmit a first trigger-based (TB) PPDU based on the first RU
- the second STA may transmit a second TB PPDU based on the second RU.
- the first/second TB PPDUs may be transmitted to the AP in the same time interval.
- an STA transmitting the DL MU PPDU sends a first RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) to the first STA.
- a second RU eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.
- the transmitting STA may transmit HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the first STA through the first RU within one MU PPDU, and through the second RU HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for 2 STAs may be transmitted.
- Information on the arrangement of RUs may be signaled through HE-SIG-B in HE PPDU format.
- FIG. 11 shows an exemplary structure of a HE-SIG-B field.
- the HE-SIG-B field may include a common field and a user-specific field. If HE-SIG-B compression is applied (eg, full-bandwidth MU-MIMO transmission), the common field may not be included in HE-SIG-B, and HE-SIG-B content A content channel may contain only user-specific fields. If HE-SIG-B compression is not applied, the common field may be included in HE-SIG-B.
- the common field may include information on RU allocation (eg, RU assignment, RUs allocated for MU-MIMO, the number of MU-MIMO users (STAs), etc.) .
- RU allocation eg, RU assignment, RUs allocated for MU-MIMO, the number of MU-MIMO users (STAs), etc.
- the common field may include N*8 RU allocation subfields.
- One 8-bit RU allocation subfield may indicate the size (26, 52, 106, etc.) and frequency location (or RU index) of RUs included in the 20 MHz band.
- the value of the 8-bit RU allocation subfield is 00000000
- nine 26-RUs are sequentially arranged from the leftmost to the rightmost in the example of FIG.
- the value is 00000010
- five 26-RUs, one 52-RU, and two 26-RUs are arranged in order from leftmost to rightmost.
- the value of the 8-bit RU allocation subfield is 01000y 2 y 1 y 0 , it indicates that one 106-RU and five 26-RUs are sequentially arranged from the leftmost to the rightmost in the example of FIG. 8 can In this case, multiple users/STAs may be allocated to the 106-RU in the MU-MIMO scheme. Specifically, up to 8 users/STAs can be allocated to the 106-RU, and the number of users/STAs allocated to the 106-RU is determined based on 3-bit information (ie, y 2 y 1 y 0 ). For example, when 3-bit information (y 2 y 1 y 0 ) corresponds to a decimal value N, the number of users/STAs allocated to the 106-RU may be N+1.
- one user/STA may be allocated to each of a plurality of RUs, and different users/STAs may be allocated to different RUs.
- a predetermined size e.g, 106, 242, 484, 996-tones, .
- a plurality of users/STAs may be allocated to one RU, and for the plurality of users/STAs, MU -MIMO scheme can be applied.
- the set of user-specific fields includes information on how all users (STAs) of the PPDU decode their payloads.
- User-specific fields may include zero or more user block fields.
- the non-final user block field includes two user fields (ie, information to be used for decoding in two STAs).
- the final user block field contains one or two user fields.
- the number of user fields may be indicated by the RU allocation subfield of HE-SIG-B, the number of symbols of HE-SIG-B, or the MU-MIMO user field of HE-SIG-A there is.
- User-specific fields may be encoded separately from or independently of common fields.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a MU-MIMO method in which a plurality of users/STAs are allocated to one RU.
- HE-SIG-B may include 8 user fields (ie, 4 user block fields). Eight user fields may be assigned to RUs as shown in FIG. 12 .
- User fields can be constructed based on two formats.
- the user field for MU-MIMO assignments may be in a first format
- the user field for non-MU-MIMO assignments may be in a second format.
- user fields 1 to 3 may be based on a first format
- user fields 4 to 8 may be based on a second format.
- the first format and the second format may include bit information of the same length (eg, 21 bits).
- the user field of the first format may be configured as follows. For example, among all 21 bits of one user field, B0-B10 includes identification information (e.g., STA-ID, AID, partial AID, etc.) of the corresponding user, and B11-14 contains information about the corresponding user. It includes spatial configuration information such as the number of spatial streams, B15-B18 includes Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information applied to the Data field of the corresponding PPDU, and B19 is a reserved field. defined, and B20 may include information on a coding type (eg, binary convolutional coding (BCC) or low-density parity check (LDPC)) applied to the Data field of the corresponding PPDU.
- BCC binary convolutional coding
- LDPC low-density parity check
- the user field of the second format (ie format for non-MU-MIMO assignment) may be configured as follows.
- B0-B10 includes identification information (e.g., STA-ID, AID, partial AID, etc.) of the user, and B11-13 applies to the corresponding RU.
- B14 includes information indicating the number of spatial streams to be used (NSTS), B14 includes information indicating whether beamforming is performed (or whether a beamforming steering matrix is applied), and B15-B18 include MCS (Modulation and coding scheme) information, B19 includes information indicating whether dual carrier modulation (DCM) is applied, and B20 includes coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC) information applied to the Data field of the PPDU.
- DCM dual carrier modulation
- B20 includes coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC) information applied to the Data field of the PPDU.
- coding type eg, BCC or LDPC
- MCS MCS information
- MCS index MCS field, etc. used in this disclosure may be indicated by a specific index value.
- MCS information may be displayed as index 0 to index 11.
- MCS information includes information on constellation modulation type (eg, BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, etc.), and coding rate (eg, 1/2, 2/ 3, 3/4, 5/6, etc.)
- coding rate eg, 1/2, 2/ 3, 3/4, 5/6, etc.
- Information on a channel coding type eg, BCC or LDPC
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a PPDU format to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the PPDU of FIG. 13 may be called various names such as EHT PPDU, transmitted PPDU, received PPDU, first type or Nth type PPDU.
- the PPDU or EHT PPDU of the present disclosure may be called various names such as a transmission PPDU, a reception PPDU, a first type or an Nth type PPDU.
- the EHT PPU may be used in an EHT system and/or a new wireless LAN system in which the EHT system is improved.
- the EHT MU PPDU of FIG. 13 corresponds to a PPDU carrying one or more data (or PSDUs) for one or more users. That is, the EHT MU PPDU can be used for both SU transmission and MU transmission.
- the EHT MU PPDU may correspond to a PPDU for one receiving STA or a plurality of receiving STAs.
- the EHT-SIG is omitted compared to the EHT MU PPDU.
- the STA may perform UL transmission based on the EHT TB PPDU format.
- L-STF to EHT-LTF correspond to a preamble or a physical preamble, and can be generated/transmitted/received/acquired/decoded in the physical layer.
- Subcarrier frequency spacing of L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, Universal SIGNAL (U-SIG), EHT-SIG fields (these are referred to as pre-EHT modulated fields) (subcarrier frequency spacing) may be set to 312.5 kHz.
- the subcarrier frequency interval of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, Data, and PE fields (these are referred to as EHT modulated fields) may be set to 78.125 kHz.
- the tone/subcarrier index of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields is displayed in units of 312.5 kHz, and the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, Data,
- the tone/subcarrier index of the PE field may be displayed in units of 78.125 kHz.
- the L-LTF and L-STF of FIG. 13 may have the same configuration as the corresponding fields of the PPDU described in FIGS. 6 to 7.
- the L-SIG field of FIG. 13 consists of 24 bits and can be used to communicate rate and length information.
- the L-SIG field includes a 4-bit Rate field, a 1-bit Reserved bit, a 12-bit Length field, a 1-bit Parity field, and a 6-bit tail (Tail) field may be included.
- the 12-bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU.
- the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, for a non-HT, HT, VHT, or EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3.
- the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2.
- the transmitting STA may apply BCC encoding based on a coding rate of 1/2 to 24-bit information of the L-SIG field. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may obtain 48-bit BCC coded bits. BPSK modulation may be applied to 48-bit coded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA transmits 48 BPSK symbols, pilot subcarriers (eg, ⁇ subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21 ⁇ ) and DC subcarriers (eg, ⁇ subcarrier index 0 ⁇ ) It can be mapped to any location except for .
- pilot subcarriers eg, ⁇ subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21 ⁇
- DC subcarriers eg, ⁇ subcarrier index 0 ⁇
- the transmitting STA may additionally map the signals of ⁇ -1, -1, -1, 1 ⁇ to the subcarrier index ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
- the above signal may be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
- the transmitting STA may generate the same RL-SIG as the L-SIG.
- BPSK modulation is applied.
- the receiving STA may know that the received PPDU is a HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the existence of the RL-SIG.
- U-SIG Universal SIG
- the U-SIG may be called various names such as a first SIG field, a first SIG, a first type SIG, a control signal, a control signal field, and a first (type) control signal.
- the U-SIG may include N bits of information and may include information for identifying the type of EHT PPDU.
- U-SIG may be configured based on two symbols (eg, two consecutive OFDM symbols).
- Each symbol (eg, OFDM symbol) for U-SIG may have a duration of 4us, and the U-SIG may have a duration of 8us in total.
- Each symbol of U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information.
- each symbol of U-SIG can be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.
- a bit information (eg, 52 uncoded bits) may be transmitted through the U-SIG (or U-SIG field), and the first symbol of the U-SIG (eg, U-SIG-1) transmits the first X bit information (eg, 26 un-coded bits) of the total A bit information, and transmits the second symbol of U-SIG (eg, U-SIG -2) may transmit the remaining Y-bit information (eg, 26 un-coded bits) of the total A-bit information.
- the transmitting STA may obtain 26 un-coded bits included in each U-SIG symbol.
- the transmitting STA may generate 52 BPSK symbols allocated to each U-SIG symbol by performing BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52-coded bits.
- One U-SIG symbol may be transmitted based on 56 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, except for DC index 0.
- the 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA may be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) excluding pilot tones -21, -7, +7, and +21 tones.
- the A-bit information (e.g., 52 un-coded bits) transmitted by U-SIG includes a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit field). ) may be included.
- the CRC field and the tail field may be transmitted through the second symbol of U-SIG.
- the CRC field may be generated based on 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of U-SIG and 16 bits remaining except for the CRC/tail field in the second symbol, and may be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm.
- the tail field may be used to terminate the trellis of the convolution decoder, and may be set to 0, for example.
- a bit information (eg, 52 un-coded bits) transmitted by U-SIG may be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits.
- the size of version-independent bits can be fixed or variable.
- version-independent bits may be allocated only to the first symbol of the U-SIG, or version-independent bits may be allocated to both the first symbol and the second symbol of the U-SIG.
- version-independent bits and version-dependent bits may be called various names such as a first control bit and a second control bit.
- the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 3-bit physical layer version identifier (PHY version identifier).
- the 3-bit PHY version identifier may include information related to the PHY version of the transmitted/received PPDU.
- the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier may indicate that the transmission/reception PPDU is an EHT PPDU.
- the transmitting STA may set the 3-bit PHY version identifier to a first value.
- the receiving STA may determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier having the first value.
- the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL/DL flag field.
- a first value of the 1-bit UL/DL flag field is related to UL communication, and a second value of the UL/DL flag field is related to DL communication.
- the version-independent bits of the U-SIG may include information about the length of a transmission opportunity (TXOP) and information about a BSS color ID.
- TXOP transmission opportunity
- EHT PPDUs are classified into various types (e.g., EHT PPDU related to SU mode, EHT PPDU related to MU mode, EHT PPDU related to TB mode, EHT PPDU related to extended range transmission, etc.)
- information on the type of EHT PPDU may be included in version-dependent bits of the U-SIG.
- U-SIG includes 1) a bandwidth field including information about bandwidth, 2) a field including information about MCS scheme applied to EHT-SIG, 3) whether DCM scheme is applied to EHT-SIG
- Preamble puncturing may be applied to the PPDU of FIG. 13 .
- Preamble puncturing means applying puncturing to a partial band (eg, a secondary 20 MHz band) among all bands of the PPDU. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is transmitted, the STA applies puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band of the 80 MHz band and transmits the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band. there is.
- a preamble puncturing pattern may be set in advance. For example, when the first puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to a secondary 20 MHz band within an 80 MHz band. For example, when the second puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to one of two secondary 20 MHz bands included in a secondary 40 MHz band within an 80 MHz band. For example, when the third puncturing pattern is applied, puncturing may be applied only to a secondary 20 MHz band included in a primary 80 MHz band within a 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band).
- the primary 40 MHz band included in the primary 80 MHz band within the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) is present and does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band. Puncture can be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not
- Information on preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU may be included in the U-SIG and/or the EHT-SIG.
- the first field of the U-SIG includes information about the contiguous bandwidth of the PPDU
- the second field of the U-SIG includes information about preamble puncturing applied to the PPDU. there is.
- U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing based on the following method. If the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, the U-SIG may be individually configured in units of 80 MHz. For example, if the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU may include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG includes information about the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG includes information about preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (ie, preamble information on a puncturing pattern).
- the first field of the second U-SIG includes information about the 160 MHz bandwidth
- the second field of the second U-SIG includes information about preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (ie, preamble fung information about the processing pattern).
- the EHT-SIG following the first U-SIG may include information on preamble puncturing applied to the second 80 MHz band (ie, information on the preamble puncturing pattern), and
- the EHT-SIG may include information on preamble puncturing applied to the first 80 MHz band (ie, information on a preamble puncturing pattern).
- the U-SIG and EHT-SIG may include information about preamble puncturing based on the method below.
- the U-SIG may include information on preamble puncturing for all bands (ie, information on a preamble puncturing pattern). That is, EHT-SIG does not include information on preamble puncturing, and only U-SIG may include information on preamble puncturing (ie, information on preamble puncturing patterns).
- U-SIG may be configured in units of 20 MHz. For example, if an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, the U-SIG may be duplicated. That is, the same 4 U-SIGs may be included in the 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs exceeding 80 MHz bandwidth may include different U-SIGs.
- the EHT-SIG of FIG. 13 may include control information for the receiving STA.
- EHT-SIG may be transmitted through at least one symbol, and one symbol may have a length of 4us.
- Information on the number of symbols used for EHT-SIG may be included in U-SIG.
- EHT-SIG may include technical features of HE-SIG-B described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12 .
- EHT-SIG like the example of FIG. 8, may include a common field and a user-specific field. Common fields of EHT-SIG may be omitted, and the number of user-specific fields may be determined based on the number of users.
- the common field of EHT-SIG and the user-specific field of EHT-SIG may be individually coded.
- One user block field included in the user-specific field contains information for two user fields, but the last user block field included in the user-specific field contains information for one or two user fields. May contain fields. That is, one user block field of the EHT-SIG may include up to two user fields.
- each user field may be related to MU-MIMO allocation or non-MU-MIMO allocation.
- the common field of EHT-SIG may include a CRC bit and a Tail bit
- the length of the CRC bit may be determined as 4 bits
- the length of the Tail bit may be determined as 6 bits and set to 000000.
- the common field of EHT-SIG may include RU allocation information.
- RU allocation information may mean information about the location of an RU to which a plurality of users (ie, a plurality of receiving STAs) are allocated.
- RU allocation information may be configured in units of 8 bits (or N bits).
- a mode in which the common field of EHT-SIG is omitted may be supported.
- a mode in which the common field of the EHT-SIG is omitted may be called a compressed mode.
- a plurality of users (ie, a plurality of receiving STAs) of the EHT PPDU may decode the PPDU (eg, the data field of the PPDU) based on non-OFDMA. That is, a plurality of users of the EHT PPDU can decode a PPDU (eg, a data field of the PPDU) received through the same frequency band.
- multiple users of the EHT PPDU can decode the PPDU (eg, the data field of the PPDU) based on OFDMA. That is, a plurality of users of the EHT PPDU may receive the PPDU (eg, the data field of the PPDU) through different frequency bands.
- EHT-SIG can be configured based on various MCS techniques. As described above, information related to the MCS scheme applied to the EHT-SIG may be included in the U-SIG. EHT-SIG may be configured based on the DCM technique. For example, among N data tones (eg, 52 data tones) allocated for EHT-SIG, the first modulation scheme is applied to half of the continuous tones, and the second modulation scheme is applied to the remaining half of the tones. techniques can be applied.
- N data tones eg, 52 data tones
- the transmitting STA modulates specific control information into a first symbol based on a first modulation scheme and allocates to consecutive half tones, modulates the same control information into a second symbol based on a second modulation scheme, and modulates the remaining consecutive can be assigned to half a ton.
- information related to whether the DCM technique is applied to the EHT-SIG eg, a 1-bit field
- the EHT-STF of FIG. 13 can be used to improve automatic gain control (AGC) estimation in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.
- the EHT-LTF of FIG. 13 may be used to estimate a channel in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.
- Information about the type of STF and/or LTF may be included in the U-SIG field and/or the EHT-SIG field of FIG. 13 .
- GI guard interval
- the PPDU (ie, EHT PPDU) of FIG. 13 may be configured based on examples of RU arrangements of FIGS. 8 to 10 .
- an EHT PPDU transmitted on a 20 MHz band may be configured based on the RU of FIG. 8 . That is, the location of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and RU of the data field included in the EHT PPDU may be determined as shown in FIG. 8 .
- An EHT PPDU transmitted on a 40 MHz band, that is, a 40 MHz EHT PPDU may be configured based on the RU of FIG. 9 . That is, the location of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and RU of the data field included in the EHT PPDU may be determined as shown in FIG. 9 .
- the EHT PPDU transmitted on the 80 MHz band may be configured based on the RU of FIG. 10 . That is, the location of the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, and RU of the data field included in the EHT PPDU may be determined as shown in FIG. 10 .
- the tone-plan for 80 MHz in FIG. 10 may correspond to two repetitions of the tone-plan for 40 MHz in FIG.
- the tone-plan for 160/240/320 MHz may be configured in the form of repeating the pattern of FIG. 9 or 10 several times.
- the PPDU of FIG. 13 can be identified as an EHT PPDU based on the following method.
- the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as the EHT PPDU based on the following items. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the received PPDU is BPSK, 2) RL-SIG in which the L-SIG of the received PPDU is repeated is detected, and 3) the L-LTF signal of the received PPDU is detected. When a result of applying a modulo 3 operation to the value of the Length field of the SIG (ie, a remainder after dividing by 3) is detected as 0, the received PPDU may be determined as an EHT PPDU.
- the receiving STA may determine the type of the EHT PPDU based on bit information included in symbols subsequent to the RL-SIG of FIG. 13 .
- the receiving STA is 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal that is BSPK, 2) the RL-SIG that is consecutive to the L-SIG field and the same as the L-SIG, and 3) the result of applying modulo 3 is 0
- the received PPDU may be determined as an EHT PPDU.
- the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as the HE PPDU based on the following. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, 2) RL-SIG in which L-SIG is repeated is detected, and 3) the result of applying modulo 3 to the length value of L-SIG is If 1 or 2 is detected, the received PPDU may be determined as a HE PPDU.
- the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU based on the following items. For example, if 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK and 2) RL-SIG in which L-SIG is repeated is not detected, the received PPDU is determined to be non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU. can In addition, even if the receiving STA detects repetition of the RL-SIG, if the result of applying modulo 3 to the Length value of the L-SIG is detected as 0, the received PPDU can be determined as non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDUs there is.
- the PPDU of FIG. 13 can be used to transmit and receive various types of frames.
- the PPDU of FIG. 13 may be used for (simultaneous) transmission and reception of one or more of a control frame, a management frame, or a data frame.
- the NDP announcement frame may have a plurality of types/variants.
- the NDP announcement frame may be configured in various formats such as a VHT NDP announcement frame, a HE NDP announcement frame, and an EHT NDP announcement frame. These formats can be distinguished by the NDP Known Variant subfield in the sounding dialog token field.
- FIG. 14 shows an exemplary format of an NDP announcement frame to which the present disclosure may be applied.
- the NDP announcement frame may include one or more STA information (Info) fields.
- a receiver address (RA) field may be set to an address of an STA capable of providing feedback.
- the RA field may be set to a broadcast address.
- a transmitter address (TA) field may be set to an address of an STA transmitting an NDP announcement frame or may be set to a bandwidth signaling TA (bandwidth signaling TA) of an STA transmitting an NDP announcement frame.
- TA bandwidth signaling TA
- the TA field may be set to bandwidth signaling TA. there is.
- the NDP announcement frame may include n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 1) STA Info fields.
- the STA Info field of the VHT NDP announcement frame may include AID12, feedback type, and Nc index subfields.
- the AID12 subfield contains 12 least significant bits (LSBs) among AIDs of STAs expected to process subsequent NDPs and prepare for sounding feedback.
- the feedback type subfield indicates the type of feedback required, and corresponds to SU when the value is 0 and MU when the value is 1.
- the Nc index subfield indicates a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of columns (ie, Nc) in the compressed beamforming feedback matrix (ie, Nc-1). In case of SU, the Nc index field is reserved.
- FIG. 14(b) shows the format of the STA Info field of the HE NDP announcement frame when the value of the AID11 field is not a specific value (eg, 2047).
- a value of the AID11 subfield other than a specific value includes 11 LSBs among AIDs of STAs expected to process subsequent NDP and prepare for sounding feedback.
- the partial bandwidth information (partial BW Info) subfield may include a RU start index of 7 bits (B0-B6) and an RU end index of 7 bits (B7-B13).
- the feedback type and Ng subfields and codebook size subfields may indicate SU or CQI.
- the disambiguation subfield is set to 1 to help non-HE STAs (eg, VHT STAs) misunderstand the field as an AID field.
- non-HE STAs eg, VHT STAs
- the Nc subfield is set to a value of Nc-1.
- Nc corresponds to the number of columns in the compressed beamforming feedback matrix
- Nc may correspond to the number of space-time streams (STS).
- STS space-time streams
- the Nc subfield may be reserved.
- FIG. 14(c) shows the format of the STA Info field of the HE NDP announcement frame when the value of the AID11 field is a specific value (eg, 2047).
- the disallowed subchannel bitmap subfield includes the 20 MHz subchannel (s) and 242-tone RU (s) present in the sounding NDPs announced by the NDP announcement frame, and the requested sounding Indicates 242-tone RU(s) to be included in feedback.
- FIG. 14(d) shows the format of the STA Info field of the EHT NDP announcement frame.
- the AID11 subfield includes an identifier of an STA expected to process a subsequent NDP and prepare for sounding feedback.
- the partial bandwidth (partial BW) subfield may include a 1-bit (B0) resolution subfield and an 8-bit (B1-B8) feedback bitmap.
- the resolution subfield indicates the resolution bandwidth (eg, 20 MHz or 40 MHz) for each bit of the feedback bitmap subfield.
- the feedback bitmap subfield may indicate a request for each resolution bandwidth from a low frequency to a high frequency, and the first bit (B1) of the bitmap corresponds to the lowest resolution bandwidth. Each bit of the feedback bitmap is set to 1 when feedback for that decomposition bandwidth is requested.
- the feedback type, Ng subfield, and codebook size subfield may be set according to the example shown in Table 1.
- the feedback type, Ng subfield, and codebook size subfield may be set according to the example shown in Table 2.
- the disambiguation subfield is set to 1 to help non-EHT STAs (eg, VHT STAs) misunderstand the corresponding field as an AID field.
- non-EHT STAs eg, VHT STAs
- the RA is set to a broadcast address, and the following may be applied. If the feedback type and Ng subfields and the codebook size subfield indicate SU or MU, the Nc index subfield is set to a value of Nc-1, and Nc corresponds to the number of columns in the compressed beamforming feedback matrix, , values greater than 7 in the Nc index subfield are reserved. If the feedback type and Ng subfields and the codebook size subfield indicate CQI, the Nc index subfield is set to a value of Nc-1, Nc corresponds to the number of space-time streams (STS), and in the Nc index subfield Values greater than 7 are reserved.
- One or more STA Info fields may exist.
- the RA field is set to an individual address, and the Nc index subfield may be reserved.
- the HE non-trigger based (non-TB) sounding sequence is an HE beamformer having an individually addressed HE NDP announcement frame including one STA information field. It starts, and after SIFS, the HE sounding NDP may be transmitted to the (single) HE beamformee.
- the HE beamformer may respond by receiving the HE sounding NDP from the HE beamformer and transmitting the HE compressed beamforming/CQI frame to the HE beamformer after SIFS.
- the AID11 subfield of the STA information field may be set to 0 or the AID of the STA identified by the RA field of the HE NDP announcement frame. .
- the HE beamformer starting the HE non-TB sounding sequence must transmit a HE NDP announcement frame with a single STA information (Info) field, and the STA identified by the RA field is a mesh STA, AP or IBSS member
- the AID11 field value of the corresponding STA information field may be set to 0 or the AID of the STA identified by the RA field other than 2047.
- the HE beamformer may start a HE non-TB sounding sequence with the HE beamformer to request SU feedback over the entire bandwidth.
- the HE beamformer may not start HE non-TB with a HE NDP announcement frame having a partial BW information subfield indicating less than the entire bandwidth.
- the HE TB sounding sequence uses a broadcast HE NDP announcement frame having two or more STA information fields, and the HE beamformer, SIFS, HE sounding NDP, and SIFS Afterwards, it can be initiated by a BFRP trigger frame.
- One or more HE beamformers may receive the BFPR trigger frame and respond with a HE compressed beamforming/CQI frame after SIFS.
- the BFRQ trigger frame may include one or more user info fields for identifying HE beamformes.
- the HE beamformer that starts the HE TB sounding sequence may transmit a HE NDP announcement frame including two or more STA information fields and an RA field set to a broadcast address.
- the HE beamformer may initiate a HE TB sounding sequence to request MU feedback over the entire bandwidth.
- the HE beamformer may initiate the HE TB sounding sequence to request the feedback variant only if the feedback variant is calculated based on the parameters supported by the HE beamformer; otherwise, the HE beamformer It is possible not to request a feedback variant calculated based on a parameter not supported by Mi.
- a HE beamformer that transmits a HE NDP announcement frame to a HE beamformer that is an AP, TDLS peer STA, mesh STA, or IBSS STA includes one STA information (info) field on the HE NDP announcement frame And the AID11 field may be set to 0 in the STA information field of the frame.
- An HE beamformer that is an AP and transmits the HE NDP announcement frame to one or more HE beamformers may set the AID11 field of the STA information field for identifying the non-AP STA to 11 LSB of the AID of the non-AP STA.
- the HE NDP announcement frame may not include several STA information fields having the same value in the AID11 subfield.
- the HE beamformer transmitting the HE NDP announcement frame starting the HE TB sounding sequence has an AID11 subfield value of 2047 to indicate a disallowed subchannel during punctured channel operation STA information field can include When the STA information field is present, the STA information field having an AID11 value of 2047 may be the first STA information field of the frame.
- the HE beamformer transmitting the HE NDP announcement frame may not include one or more STA information fields having an AID11 subfield value of 2047.
- the HE beamformer that starts the HE TB sounding sequence may transmit another BFRP trigger frame in the same TXOP.
- the HE beamformer may request a HE compressed beamforming/CQI report that has not been processed in a previous BFRP trigger frame or request retransmission of a HE compressed beamforming/CQI report using an additional BFRP trigger frame.
- the HE beamformer may not transmit a BFRP trigger frame identifying the STA identified in the HE NDP announcement frame of the HE TB sounding sequence unless it is in the same TXOP as the HE TB sounding sequence.
- the STA information field of the HE NDP announcement frame requesting SU or MU feedback is used by the HE beamformer identified by the STA information field for generating SU or MU feedback Subcarrier grouping to be used (Ng), codebook size and number of columns (Nc).
- the STA information field of the HE NDP announcement frame requesting CQI feedback may indicate Nc to be used by the HE beamforme identified by the STA information field for generating CQI feedback.
- a trigger dependent common information subfield may not exist in the BFRQ trigger frame.
- the trigger dependent user information subfield of the BFRQ trigger frame may include feedback segment retransmission.
- the Feedback Segment Retransmission Bitmap subfield may indicate the requested feedback segment of the HE compressed beamforming report.
- an NDP-based sounding protocol may be used to measure channel information by exchanging WLAN signals between one or more sensing STAs.
- the data size of channel status information (CSI) obtained using this NDP-based sounding protocol may be larger than the data size that the STA can transmit during unit time.
- the present disclosure describes a method in which a sensing STA divides/forms CSI feedback into one or more fragments or segments and transmits the same.
- 16 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a first STA performs a sensing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the first STA may receive a first null data physical protocol data unit (PPDU) (NDP) announcement frame including a sounding dialog token field from the second STA (S1610).
- PPDU physical protocol data unit
- NDP sounding dialog token field
- the sounding dialog token field may include information indicating that the variant (or type) of the first NDP notification frame is a sensing NDP notification frame and the first sounding dialog token number.
- the modification of the first NDP announcement frame may be indicated by the first bit (B0) to the third bit (B2) of the sounding dialog token field of the first NDP announcement frame.
- the first NDP announcement frame may be received in a first sensing burst (or measurement instance) period.
- the first sensing burst may be one of one or more sensing buses included in the first sensing session.
- the first sounding dialog token number may correspond to the first sensing burst. Accordingly, sounding dialog token numbers corresponding to one or more bursts included in the first sensing session may be different from each other.
- the first STA may transmit at least one feedback fragment constituting the first feedback frame to the second STA (S1620).
- the first feedback frame may include channel status information (CSI) obtained through NDP transmitted by the first NDP announcement frame.
- CSI channel status information
- the first feedback frame may be segmented/divided into at least one feedback fragment.
- the first STA may transmit at least one feedback fragment to the second STA within a unit time.
- one or more feedback fragments may be transmitted based on the first trigger frame including the first sounding dialog token number. That is, the first trigger frame may include the first sounding dialog token number included in the first NDP notification frame transmitted within the first sensing session/first sensing burst.
- the first trigger frame may trigger transmission of the channel state information obtained through the NDP transmitted by the first NDP announcement frame. Accordingly, the first trigger frame may be transmitted to the second STA in the first sensing session/first sensing burst, but is not limited thereto and may be transmitted in another sensing burst or another sensing session.
- At least one of the maximum number of one or more feedback fragments (that is, the maximum number of feedback fragments obtained by dividing the first feedback frame) or the size of the first feedback frame may be a sensing capability field, a sensing report field, or It may be indicated by at least one of the feedback control fields.
- the first trigger frame further includes at least one of information indicating the first sensing session (eg, ID of the first sensing session) and information indicating a first feedback fragment among one or more feedback fragments.
- information indicating the first sensing session eg, ID of the first sensing session
- information indicating a first feedback fragment among one or more feedback fragments can include
- the second STA transmits the first trigger frame including information indicating the first sensing session ID, the first sounding dialog token number, and the first feedback fragment to the first STA, so that the first sensing session Based on the first NDP announcement frame transmitted within 1 sensing burst (ie, by the NDP transmitted by the first NDP announcement frame), reporting of the obtained first feedback fragment may be triggered. Accordingly, a first feedback fragment among one or more feedback fragments constituting the first feedback may be transmitted to the second STA based on the first trigger frame.
- each of the one or more feedback fragments may include at least one of information representing the first sensing session, a first sounding dialog token number, or an index of each of the one or more feedback fragments.
- the first sensing session may include a second sensing burst following the first sensing burst. Based on the second trigger frame including the first sounding dialog token number being received from the second STA in the second sensing burst period, the first STA transmits one or more feedback fragments constituting the first feedback frame to the second STA. can transmit
- the second STA may trigger transmission of one or more feedback fragments constituting the first feedback frame by transmitting a feedback frame including the first sounding dialog token number in the first sensing burst as well as in other sensing bursts. .
- a second feedback fragment obtained in a third sensing burst corresponding to a second sounding dialog token number may be transmitted to the second STA.
- 17 is a diagram for explaining a method for a second STA to perform a sensing procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the second STA may transmit the first NDP notification frame including the sounding dialog token field to the first STA (S1710).
- the second STA may receive at least one feedback fragment constituting the first feedback frame from the first STA (S1720).
- a WLAN sensing procedure using a signal transmission/reception channel between a plurality of sensing STAs may be performed.
- channel estimation for each transmission/reception channel may be required.
- the sensing initiator means an STA that instructs one or more STAs having a sensing function (or capability) to initiate a sensing session.
- a sensing responder refers to an STA participating in a sensing session initiated by a sensing initiator.
- a channel estimation operation based on NDP transmission may be used.
- the NDP transmission-based channel estimation operation may be performed as a non-trigger based (TB) channel measurement operation or as a TB channel measurement operation.
- 18 illustrates a non-TB/TB channel measurement operation performed by a sensing initiator and one or more sensing responders.
- an STA performing a non-TB/TB channel measurement operation may measure information on a channel through which NDP has been received, that is, CSI.
- the data size of the measured CSI eg, CSI raw data to which compression is not applied or / and CSI to which compression is applied
- the STA may not be able to transmit the CSI at one time.
- Embodiment 1 is an embodiment of a method for reporting CSI data by an STA when the size of measured CSI data is greater than data that the STA can transmit and receive during unit time.
- the feedback information may be configured/formed into a plurality of fragments (or segments) and fed back.
- feedback information may be divided/organized into one or more fragments.
- Information related to one or more fragments constituting the feedback information may be transmitted through at least one of an NDP notification frame, a trigger frame, or a feedback frame.
- the size of the CSI segment or CSI fragment may be set smaller than the maximum MPDU size that can be transmitted and received by an STA (eg, an STA of the IEEE 802.11bf standard) of a specific format.
- an STA eg, an STA of the IEEE 802.11bf standard
- the feedback information may consist of up to 8 fragments (or segments). Accordingly, the number of fragments may be transmitted through 2/3 bit information set on the sensing capability field or/and the sensing report/feedback control field.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the maximum number of segments or fragments constituting the feedback information and the size of information indicating the number of corresponding fragments may be changed.
- the maximum number of fragments when the maximum number of fragments is indicated by 2-bit information, the maximum number of fragments may be indicated as shown in Table 3 below. When the maximum number of fragments is indicated as 1, this indicates a case in which feedback information is transmitted as one data without being divided into fragments.
- a 2-bit value may mean an exponent value (m) for 2, and 2 m may mean the maximum number of fragments.
- the maximum number of fragments when the maximum number of fragments is indicated by 3-bit information, the maximum number of fragments may be indicated as shown in Table 4 below.
- bit value (index) (maximum) number of fragments bit value (index) (maximum) number of fragments 0 (000) One 4 (100) 5 1 (001) 2 5 (101) 6 2 (010) 3 6 (110) 7 3 (011) 4 7 (111) 8
- the sensing capability field includes a max A-MPDU length exponent field indicating the length of a maximum A (aggregated)-MPDU for transmitting and receiving feedback, and a full A-MPDU length exponent field.
- An MPDU length field indicating the length of the MPDU may be included.
- the max A-MPDU length index field may be set to the same value as the value of the field for indicating the number of fragments (or segments). Accordingly, the max A-MPDU length index field is composed of 2/3 bits, and an index value of 2 may be used when calculating the length.
- the MPDU field may consist of 2 bits to indicate the size of the entire MPDU, but is not limited thereto.
- the transmitter and the receiver may Corresponding feedback information may be exchanged through transmission and reception of a feedback report.
- the transmitter may include a sensing transmitter or a sensing initiator, which is an STA that transmits a PPDU used for sensing measurement in a WLAN sensing procedure, and the receiver receives the PPDU and performs sensing measurement. Respondents, etc.
- TXOP means a time interval in which a specific STA may have the right to start a frame exchange sequence on a wireless medium.
- Embodiment 2 is an embodiment of a method for transmitting/receiving and identifying feedback fragments. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 , channel state information (ie, CSI) measured through non-TB and TB channel measurement may be fragmented into a plurality of feedback fragments. Embodiment 2 describes a procedure performed by a transmitter and a receiver to transmit and receive divided feedback fragments.
- CSI channel state information
- the transmitter may transmit an NDP announcement frame to the receiver.
- the NDP announcement frame may include one or more fields to indicate the feedback fragment.
- the NDP announcement frame includes a sounding dialog token field, and the field may consist of 1 octet.
- MSB 2/3 bits may be set as an NDP announcement variant subfield indicating the type/variant/format of the NDP announcement frame.
- the NDP announcement variant subfield may indicate that a specific NDP announcement frame is an NDP announcement frame for channel sensing measurement (ie, a sensing NDP announcement frame).
- the NDP announcement variant subfield is composed of MSB 3 bits (B0, B1, B2) of the sounding dialog token field
- the corresponding subfield is configured as shown in Table 5 below, and the NDP announcement frame type/variant/ format can be specified. Except for the MSB 3-bit values shown in Table 5, the remaining combinations may be reserved. However, this is only an example, and the type/variant/format of each NDP announcement frame may be indicated by different bit values.
- B0 B1 B2 Content i.e. NDP announcement frame variant
- NDP announcement frame variant 0 0 0 VHT NDP Notice Frame 0 One 0 HE NDP announcement frame One 0 0 Ranging NDP notification frame One One 0 EHT NDP notification frame One One One Sensing NDP notification frame
- the remaining bits except for the NDP known variant subfield may be configured as a sounding dialog token number subfield.
- a corresponding subfield may be used to indicate channel measurement by transmission of a specific NDP announcement frame.
- each NDP announcement frame is a sounding dialog token number subfield.
- a specific value may be indicated by the field, and the specific value may be used to distinguish each NDP announcement frame. Accordingly, the transmitter and the receiver may identify which NDP transmitted after transmission of which NDP announcement frame was used for the measured channel information by using a value indicated through the sounding dialog token number subfield.
- the sounding dialog token number subfield is set to 5 bits (eg, B3 to B7), a total of 32 NDP notification frame transmissions can be distinguished.
- the sounding dialog token field indicating the sounding dialog token number is included in not only the NDP notification frame but also a feedback frame for transmitting feedback and / or a trigger frame triggering the feedback frame (eg, a sensing report trigger frame, etc.) can be transmitted
- the sounding dialog token number included in the feedback frame and the trigger frame may be set equal to the sounding dialog token number set by the NDP notification frame.
- the value of the sounding dialog token number is set to 15 when the first NDP notification frame is transmitted.
- the feedback frame, control frame, trigger frame, or/and report control field/report field corresponding to the first NDP announcement frame (or/and the first NDP by the first NDP announcement frame) is a sounding dialog token. field, and the sounding dialog token number on the corresponding sounding dialog token field may be set to 15, the same as the value set in the first NDP notification frame.
- the sounding dialog token number included in each frame (eg, NDP notification frame, trigger frame, feedback frame, or / and reporting control field / reporting field) associated with a specific NDP transmission may be set to the same value.
- the sounding dialog token number may be used to indicate/identify that the specific channel information is channel information measured using NDP transmitted after a specific NDP announcement frame is transmitted and SIFS.
- the sounding dialog token field included in NDPA_1 indicates a sounding dialog token number set to 7.
- the measurement feedback frame transmitted from each receiver (eg, receiver 1, receiver 2, or receiver n) according to trigger_1 (ie, the first trigger frame) according to NDPA_1 and Trigger_1 is 7 It may include the sounding dialog token number set to . That is, each frame associated with NDP_1 transmitted according to NDPA_1 may include a sounding dialog token number of the same value.
- One sensing session for performing sensing measurement may include one or more sensing bursts (or measurement instances).
- a sensing session means a time period (or instance) in which a series of sensing procedures are performed. That is, a sensing session refers to a time interval (or instance) in which various protocols related to transmission and reception of signals for sensing are exchanged or an instance of a sensing procedure having associated operational parameters of the corresponding instance. Sensing sessions may be allocated to STAs periodically or aperiodically as needed.
- one or more NDP announcement frames and NDP frame transmission operations may be performed. For example, when a sensing session consists of three sensing bursts, a first NDP announcement frame and a first NDP transmission are performed in a first sensing burst, and a second NDP announcement frame and a second NDP transmission are performed in a second sensing burst. and the third NDP announcement frame and the second 3NDP transmission may be performed in the third sensing burst.
- channel measurement information corresponding to the NDP announcement frame and NDP transmission is reported/feedback after NDP announcement frame and NDP transmission for each sensing burst, or channel measurement information measured after all NDP announcement frames and NDP transmission are finished is reported/feedback. can be fed back.
- the sounding dialog token number may be used to indicate which sensing burst corresponds to each feedback channel measurement information.
- Sounding dialog token numbers used in different sensing bursts may be different. That is, sounding dialog token numbers used for each sensing burst included in one sensing session may be different from each other.
- the STA corresponds to a certain sensing burst (and / or a certain NDP) with specific channel measurement information (eg, CSI) fed back through the NDP announcement frame, feedback frame, report control field, or sounding dialog token number included in the report field. information can be identified. In addition, the STA may request desired information when retransmitting the CSI using the sounding dialog token number.
- specific channel measurement information eg, CSI
- the sensing STA/AP can request specific channel measurement information other than the corresponding sensing burst period. That is, the sensing STA/AP may request channel measurement information prior to the currently transmitted/progressed sensing burst to the STA that has performed the sensing operation using the sounding dialog token number.
- specific channel measurement information eg, CSI
- the sensing STA/AP may transmit a sounding dialog token number related to the specific channel measurement information in a trigger frame or a feedback request frame.
- An operation in which the sensing STA/AP transmits a sounding dialog token number related to specific channel measurement information in a trigger frame or a feedback request frame may be valid within one sensing session.
- the sounding dialog token number may be used together with a sensing session ID or sensing session indication information for transmission and reception of more flexible feedback information. That is, in order to identify in which sensing session/sensing burst the channel measurement information to be requested is obtained, the sensing session ID/sensing session indication information and the sounding dialog token number may be used together.
- the sensing session ID/sensing session indication is used for identification of the sensing session, and may be included in at least one of the aforementioned NDP notification frame, trigger frame, feedback report control field, or report field and transmitted. Also, the sensing session ID/sensing session indication field may include 2/3/4 bits, but is not limited thereto.
- the trigger frame transmitted to request feedback of channel measurement information includes 1) sensing session ID/sensing session indication information, 2) sounding dialog token number, and 3) Feedback fragment information may be included.
- (b) of FIG. 18 is an example, and the trigger frame may be transmitted after the NDP is transmitted and after an interval other than the SIFS interval.
- the information 1) to 3) included in the trigger frame may be information related to a sensing burst other than the sensing burst through which NDPA_1 and/or NDP_1 are transmitted. That is, the trigger frame may include information requesting a specific feedback fragment among channel measurement information acquired in a specific sensing burst included in a specific session ID.
- the trigger frame may include all of information 1) to 3) related to a sensing burst through which NDPA_1 and/or NDP_1 are transmitted and other sensing bursts.
- the sensing STA/AP may perform channel measurement by transmitting a trigger frame and requesting NDP transmission. Accordingly, when the responder STA transmits the trigger frame to request NDP transmission from the sensing sender, the responder STA may transmit the trigger frame by including the sounding dialog token number.
- the sounding dialog token number field or the sounding dialog token number information may consist of 5/6 bits, but is not limited thereto.
- the responder STA transmits a trigger frame including the sounding dialog token number and the sensing sender transmits the NDP by the corresponding trigger frame.
- the responder STA includes a sounding dialog token number set to the same value as the sounding dialog token number included in the corresponding trigger frame in the feedback frame or report frame and transmits it. .
- the trigger frame may include a sensing session ID or a sensing indication field.
- the sensing STA is sensing session information (eg, a specific sensing session ID or indication field), a sounding dialog token (ie, information indicating a specific sensing burst in a sensing session), or / and Desired feedback information can be transmitted and received by including fragment information (ie, information indicating a part of feedback information) in the NDP notification frame/trigger frame/feedback frame/report control field or report field and transmitting.
- session information eg, a specific sensing session ID or indication field
- a sounding dialog token ie, information indicating a specific sensing burst in a sensing session
- Desired feedback information can be transmitted and received by including fragment information (ie, information indicating a part of feedback information) in the NDP notification frame/trigger frame/feedback frame/report control field or report field and transmitting.
- the scope of the present disclosure is software or machine-executable instructions (eg, operating systems, applications, firmware, programs, etc.) that cause operations in accordance with the methods of various embodiments to be executed on a device or computer, and such software or It includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium in which instructions and the like are stored and executable on a device or computer. Instructions that may be used to program a processing system that performs the features described in this disclosure may be stored on/in a storage medium or computer-readable storage medium and may be viewed using a computer program product that includes such storage medium. Features described in the disclosure may be implemented.
- the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, high speed random access memory such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices, one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or It may include non-volatile memory, such as other non-volatile solid state storage devices.
- the memory optionally includes one or more storage devices located remotely from the processor(s).
- the memory, or alternatively, the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory includes non-transitory computer readable storage media.
- Features described in this disclosure may be stored on any one of the machine readable media to control hardware of a processing system and to allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It may be integrated into software and/or firmware.
- Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments/containers.
- the method proposed in the present disclosure has been described focusing on an example applied to an IEEE 802.11-based system, but it can be applied to various wireless LANs or wireless communication systems other than the IEEE 802.11-based system.
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Abstract
Description
비트 값 (인덱스) | 프래그먼트의 (최대) 개수 |
0 (00) | 1 |
1 (01) | 2 |
2 (10) | 4 |
3 (11) | 8 |
비트 값 (인덱스) | 프래그먼트의 (최대) 개수 | 비트 값 (인덱스) | 프래그먼트의 (최대) 개수 |
0 (000) | 1 | 4 (100) | 5 |
1 (001) | 2 | 5 (101) | 6 |
2 (010) | 3 | 6 (110) | 7 |
3 (011) | 4 | 7 (111) | 8 |
B0 | B1 | B2 | 컨텐츠 (즉, NDP 공지 프레임 배리언트) |
0 | 0 | 0 | VHT NDP 공지 프레임 |
0 | 1 | 0 | HE NDP 공지 프레임 |
1 | 0 | 0 | Ranging NDP 공지 프레임 |
1 | 1 | 0 | EHT NDP 공지 프레임 |
1 | 1 | 1 | 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임 |
Claims (17)
- 무선랜 시스템에서 제1 스테이션(STA)에 의해 센싱 절차(sensing procedure)를 수행하는 방법에 있어서,사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제2 STA로부터 수신하는 단계; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제2 STA로 전송하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 전송되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,제1 센싱 세션(sensing session)은 하나 이상의 센싱 버스트(sensing burst)를 포함하고,상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임은 상기 하나 이상의 센싱 버스트 중 제1 센싱 버스트 구간에서 수신되고,상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버는 상기 제1 센싱 버스트에 대응되는, 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제1 트리거 프레임은, 상기 제1 센싱 세션을 나타내는 정보, 및 상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트 중 제1 피드백 프래그먼트를 지시하는 정보 중의 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트 중 상기 제1 피드백 프래그먼트가 상기 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 상기 제2 STA로 전송되는, 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트 각각은,상기 제1 센싱 세션을 나타내는 정보, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버, 또는 상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트 각각의 인덱스 중의 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 하나 이상의 센싱 버스트는 제1 센싱 버스트에 후속하는 제2 센싱 버스트를 포함하고,상기 제2 센싱 버스트 구간에서 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버가 포함된 제2 트리거 프레임이 상기 제2 STA로부터 수신됨에 기반하여, 상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트가 상기 제2 STA로 전송되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,제2 센싱 세션을 나타내는 정보, 제2 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버, 및 제2 피드백 프래그먼트를 나타내는 정보가 포함된 제3 트리거 프레임이 상기 제2 STA로부터 수신됨에 기반하여, 상기 제2 센싱 세션 중 상기 제2 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버에 대응되는 제3 센싱 버스트에서 획득된 상기 제2 피드백 프래그먼트가 상기 제2 STA로 전송되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형은 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드 중 첫 번째 비트(B0) 내지 세 번째 비트(B2)에 의해 지시되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트의 최대 개수는 또는 상기 제1 피드백 프레임의 크기 중의 적어도 하나는,센싱 캐퍼빌리티(capability) 필드, 센싱 보고 필드, 또는 피드백 제어 필드 중의 적어도 하나에 의해 지시되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 센싱 세션 내에 포함된 상기 하나 이상의 버스트에 대응되는 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버는 서로 상이한, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 트리거 프레임은 상기 제1 센싱 세션 내에서 상기 제2 STA로부터 수신되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 피드백 프레임은 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임에 의해 전송된 NDP를 통해 획득된 채널 상태 정보(channel status information, CSI)를 포함하는, 방법.
- 무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하는 제1 스테이션(STA)에 있어서, 상기 제1 STA은:하나 이상의 송수신기; 및상기 하나 이상의 송수신기와 연결된 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 프로세서는:사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제2 STA로부터 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 수신하고; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제2 STA로 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 전송하도록 설정되고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 전송되는, 제1 STA.
- 무선랜 시스템에서 제2 스테이션(STA)에 의해 센싱 절차를 수행하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 방법은:사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제1 STA로 전송하는 단계; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제1 STA로부터 수신하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 수신되는, 방법.
- 무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하는 제2 스테이션(STA)에 있어서, 상기 제2 STA은:하나 이상의 송수신기; 및상기 하나 이상의 송수신기와 연결된 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 프로세서는:사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제1 STA로 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 전송하고; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제1 STA로부터 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 수신하도록 설정되고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 수신되는, 제2 STA.
- 무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하기 위해 제1 스테이션(STA)을 제어하도록 설정되는 프로세싱 장치에 있어서, 상기 프로세싱 장치는:하나 이상의 프로세서; 및상기 하나 이상의 프로세서에 동작 가능하게 연결되고, 상기 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해 실행됨에 기반하여, 동작들을 수행하는 명령들을 저장하는 하나 이상의 컴퓨터 메모리를 포함하며,상기 동작들은:사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제2 STA로부터 수신하는 동작; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제2 STA로 전송하는 동작을 포함하고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 전송되는, 프로세싱 장치.
- 하나 이상의 명령을 저장하는 하나 이상의 비-일시적(non-transitory) 컴퓨터 판독가능 매체로서,상기 하나 이상의 명령은 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해서 실행되어, 무선랜 시스템에서 센싱 절차를 수행하는 장치가:사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰(sounding dialog token) 필드를 포함하는 제1 NDP(null data physical protocol data unit(PPDU)) 공지(announcement) 프레임을 제2 STA로부터 수신하고; 및제1 피드백 프레임을 구성하는 적어도 하나의 피드백 프래그먼트(fragment)를 상기 제2 STA로 전송하도록 제어되고,상기 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 필드는, 상기 제1 NDP 공지 프레임의 변형(variant)이 센싱 NDP 공지 프레임인 것을 나타내는 정보 및 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 피드백 프래그먼트는, 상기 제1 사운딩 다이얼로그 토큰 넘버를 포함하는 제1 트리거 프레임에 기초하여 전송되는, 컴퓨터 판독가능 매체.
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