WO2023274053A1 - 生态箱和生态家具 - Google Patents

生态箱和生态家具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023274053A1
WO2023274053A1 PCT/CN2022/101035 CN2022101035W WO2023274053A1 WO 2023274053 A1 WO2023274053 A1 WO 2023274053A1 CN 2022101035 W CN2022101035 W CN 2022101035W WO 2023274053 A1 WO2023274053 A1 WO 2023274053A1
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Prior art keywords
gas chamber
ecological
transparent
air
main
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PCT/CN2022/101035
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English (en)
French (fr)
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施于文
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施于文
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Publication of WO2023274053A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023274053A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B37/00—Tables adapted for other particular purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B81/00—Cabinets or racks specially adapted for other particular purposes, e.g. for storing guns or skis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B95/00—Fittings for furniture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B97/00—Furniture or accessories for furniture, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of aquariums and furniture, and in particular to an ecological box and ecological furniture that have both the practical function of furniture, appreciation and ecological science education. Furniture on furniture accessories.
  • the ecological ball appeared in the United States in the early 1990s. As an ecological handicraft or ecological science and education supplies, the ecological ball is composed of transparent glass spheres, and there is a sealed ecosystem in it, including shrimps, lower algae, bacteria, Filtered sea water, gorgonian skeletons, pebbles and air. Using NASA technology, it perfectly combines scientific knowledge and artistic appreciation. However, the ecological ball lacks a visible and beautiful ecological landscape, and the main landscape is the dead gorgonian skeleton; the ecological system is too simple, and the lifespan is not long. Because there is an air area on the upper part of the ecological ball, the glass on the top wall is often covered with dew, and the viewing effect is overlooked. poor.
  • the function of the ecological ball is not very consistent with the indoor space, and it is difficult to be an indispensable and necessary part of the interior. After the expiration date, it will be discarded as garbage, and it lacks the ability to provide people with active participation, and the science popularization function is not strong enough.
  • the symbiosis of the natural ecosystem and the interior space of the building is the trend and trend of the living space in the era of ecological civilization. People in the city yearn to return to nature spiritually. Combined, but these basically do not have a complete ecosystem, so daily manual maintenance and feeding care are required.
  • the aquarium and its fish tank furniture combined with furniture need to rely on water pumps, filters, built-in lights and other electric life support system facilities to maintain operation, and there is noise, which affects the rest of people and creatures, consumes more energy, and also affects the environment. Aesthetics and practicality as furniture.
  • the viewing surface of existing fish tank furniture is limited, although a kind of novel ecological fish tank tea table of CN201620550273.8 as application number can be viewed from multiple sides, but there is an air layer between the water surface and the top wall glass to affect viewing.
  • the 1997 version of the ecological furniture uses a "partial pressure regulator" to store oxygen to avoid the lack of oxygen caused by insufficient natural light in rainy days. In continuous dark and long-term rainy weather, oxygen is easily depleted, resulting in the death of aquatic animals due to hypoxia.
  • the "partial pressure regulator” technology itself is immature. When the oxygen produced by photosynthesis is too saturated and exceeds the capacity and the air pressure is too high, the safety plug will automatically open to prevent the ecological box from bursting, but the oxygen in the partial pressure regulator will be completely released. Light, resulting in sealing failure and oxygen storage function failure.
  • the innovative various types of gas chambers improve the various functions of the ecological furniture ecological box and are more convenient for the popularization and promotion of the ecological furniture ecological box; solve the problem of the inner cavity of the ecological box
  • the problem that the bubbles at the top cannot be automatically eliminated makes it look like a flawless crystal, which enhances the aesthetics; solves the problem of lack of oxygen when there is insufficient natural light during continuous rainy days, expands the biomass and species diversity, and makes the inner ecosystem more Prosperous and rich, better ornamental.
  • the eco-box is a revolutionary innovation to the traditional aquarium, from raising and displaying fish, aquatic plants, and biome landscapes in the traditional aquarium, to the construction of the eco-box and displaying a complete and unified ecosystem and its ecological landscape, basically no need Breeding greatly reduces manual maintenance, and after completely removing the necessary electric life support system facilities such as water pumps, filters, and water circulation systems in traditional aquariums, and even after being completely sealed, the beauty and prosperity of traditional aquariums are still not inferior to those in traditional aquariums.
  • biome landscape it is also an innovation to the ecological ball that lacks a beautiful ecological landscape.
  • the ecosystem in the ecological box has a beautiful and vibrant ecological landscape with rich species diversity and a technological biome; in order to promote the popularization of the ecological box
  • the concept enables it to "survive” and “develop and multiply” in people's living room, while the shape of the ecological box must evolve into an inseparable organic part of the living room environment - furniture, so it becomes "ecological furniture”.
  • An ecological box includes a transparent box body and a main gas chamber, the inner cavity of the transparent box body is used to construct an aquatic ecosystem and is completely filled with water, the top wall of the transparent box body has a main operation hole, and the main operation hole is set The horizontal distance from the highest point of the top wall is 0cm ⁇ 20cm; the main gas chamber is set on the main operation hole, and the main gas chamber communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box through the main operation hole, so that the oxygen bubbles generated by plant photosynthesis can slide into the main gas chamber naturally.
  • the main operation port and the main gas chamber can be set within a certain distance from the highest point within the range of 0-20cm (horizontal distance from the edge).
  • the main operation hole can be provided for the transparent box with a length of less than one meter, and a secondary operation hole can be added for the transparent box with a small main operation hole (caliber ⁇ 7cm) or between one meter and two meters.
  • a gas chamber is arranged on the hole, the main gas chamber is on the main operation hole, and the auxiliary gas chamber is on the auxiliary operation hole.
  • the operation hole can be round or square. The diameter of the circle is between 0.1cm and 25cm, and the side length of the square is between 1cm and 25cm.
  • the operation hole is as small as possible for the sake of beauty, and the diameter is usually between 7cm and 25cm.
  • an ecosystem can be inserted into the operation hole for operation.
  • the diameter of the main operating hole is less than 7cm, it mainly provides the basic function of discharging air bubbles to the main gas chamber.
  • the material of the transparent box is glass or acrylic.
  • the gas chamber is made of transparent and translucent material.
  • a gas drainage channel is provided to more thoroughly guide and discharge all air bubbles to the main gas chamber.
  • the gas drainage channel extends from the highest end of the top wall of the transparent box where air bubbles are easily trapped to the main gas chamber, so as to guide and discharge air bubbles into the main gas chamber.
  • the gas drainage channel has groove type, beveled surface type, inclined surface type and so on. It completely solves the problem that the air bubbles under the top wall of the transparent box cannot be automatically eliminated, so that the main body of the ecological box is like a whole piece of flawless crystal, which enhances the appreciation.
  • the plane when the top wall of the inner chamber of the transparent box is a horizontal plane, the plane can be slightly inclined by placing it slightly inclined, so that the air bubbles can be automatically discharged to the highest corner of the plane, and a gradually deepening opening is opened from this corner to the main operation port
  • the groove is a groove-shaped gas drainage channel, and the bubbles are discharged from this corner to the adjacent main gas chamber through the groove-shaped gas drainage channel;
  • the top of the transparent box cavity is an arc surface
  • the main gas chamber is placed in a circular arc surface At the top of the arc surface, because the slope of the top of the arc surface is gentle, the glass beveled surface on the lower edge of the main operation hole under the main gas chamber is increased to increase the slope of the center area of the top to accelerate the discharge of bubbles to the main gas chamber, which is a beveled gas drainage channel;
  • the top of the transparent box cavity does not need to be flat, the top glass is directly made into several pieces of slightly inclined planes to guide and discharge air bubbles
  • the inner cavity of the transparent box is used to completely fill with water and form an aquatic ecology composed of aquatic biological communities (including aquatic plants, fish, aquatic invertebrates, microorganisms, etc.) and substrates (sand, soil, stone, sunken wood, etc.) system.
  • aquatic biological communities including aquatic plants, fish, aquatic invertebrates, microorganisms, etc.
  • substrates sand, soil, stone, sunken wood, etc.
  • natural light is used to illuminate aquatic plants for photosynthesis to mainly produce oxygen.
  • the timing light sensor supplementary light device installed on the side of the transparent box will automatically turn on the spare supplementary light to illuminate aquatic plants. Photosynthesis produces oxygen to avoid hypoxia.
  • the timing light sensor supplementary light device includes a spare supplementary light, the spare supplementary light is located above the transparent box body, the spare supplementary light is electrically connected to an adjustable light sensor switch, and the adjustable light sensor switch is electrically connected to a timing switch.
  • the natural light When the natural light is insufficient, it mainly relies on the timing light sensor to automatically fill the light to better solve the problem of hypoxia.
  • the original function of the original patented partial pressure regulator is no longer important, and now the carbon dioxide is installed in the ecosystem construction stage. After supplementing the device, the partial pressure regulator is more used to store CO 2 that is not dissolved in water, and the oxygen produced after adding CO 2 is far more than before, and it is discharged as redundant waste gas, which is combined with CO 2 When the safety plug is flushed out more frequently, the original partial pressure regulator loses its effect.
  • the innovative design of the air valve with a T-shaped air passage solves the original defects and improves the function of the partial pressure regulator.
  • the reform of the partial pressure regulator as the main gas chamber is no longer mainly to solve the problem of lack of oxygen when natural light is insufficient, but more importantly, it is used to avoid the accumulation of air bubbles and gas layers in the transparent box. And sometimes it is used to store CO 2 gas that is not dissolved in water. Since CO 2 is heavier than other gases at the bottom of the gas chamber, the gas chamber has a certain height and the top can not be sealed so that CO 2 will not be lost. Therefore, the gas chamber depends on different functions. It needs to be divided into various forms such as sealed gas chamber, semi-sealed gas chamber, short semi-sealed gas chamber, high open gas chamber and short open gas chamber.
  • the main gas chamber is a sealed gas chamber
  • the sealed gas chamber includes a cylindrical shell.
  • the bottom end of the cylindrical shell is screwed with a main threaded interface, and the main threaded interface is fixedly connected to the transparent box.
  • the inner cavity of the main threaded interface is connected with the inner cavity of the transparent box body, a transparent rubber gasket is arranged between the cylindrical shell and the main threaded interface, and the inner cavity of the cylindrical shell is arranged with glass from top to bottom.
  • a counterweight, a transparent rubber air valve and an air bag, and the bottom end of the outer wall of the air bag is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell, and the top of the air bag is provided with an air hole that matches the transparent rubber air valve, and the transparent rubber air valve and the air bag are provided with
  • the bottom end of the airbag seals the main operation hole and the airbag communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box.
  • a T-shaped airway is opened in the transparent rubber air valve.
  • the T-shaped airway has a bottom opening and an upper opening.
  • the sealed gas chamber includes two states, which are closed state and deflated state.
  • the air pressure change in the air bag interacts with the gravity of the glass counterweight to make the transparent rubber air valve move up and down to switch between the two states; among them, the closed state
  • the state is the basic state.
  • the bottom opening of the T-shaped air channel and the upper opening of the T-shaped air channel are connected to the air bag, and the transparent rubber valve seals the air bag;
  • the deflated state is a special state, and the airtight
  • the air chamber is in the deflated state
  • the upper opening of the T-shaped air channel communicates with the outside world so that the air bag communicates with the outside world through the air channel.
  • the air valve is made of silicone rubber.
  • the main gas chamber when the main gas chamber is a sealed gas chamber, it is completely sealed and is used in a closed system ecological box.
  • the oxygen in the water When the oxygen in the water is too saturated, it becomes oxygen bubbles and floats up and finally gathers in the gas chamber, and the airbag expands;
  • the airbag When the oxygen in the water is low, the airbag is accelerated by the weight of the top weight to melt the oxygen in the gas chamber back into the water, and the airbag shrinks, which shows the oxygen content in the water more intuitively and plays the role of an oxygen content indicator.
  • the glass counterweight on the top which is mainly used as a gravity object, can be cut into dried flower decorations such as reeds and grasses, and can also serve as a vase;
  • the main gas chamber is a semi-sealed gas chamber
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber includes a shell.
  • the shell can be cylindrical, with a height greater than 6cm.
  • the top of the cylindrical shell is provided with air holes, and the cylindrical shell
  • the bottom of the body is screwed with a main threaded interface, the main threaded interface is fixedly connected with the transparent box, and the inner cavity of the main threaded interface is connected with the transparent box, and a transparent Rubber gasket.
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber is a simplified version of the sealed gas chamber, which is used in the popular semi-sealed ecological box, which reduces the production cost and is convenient for promotion.
  • oxygen is also heavier than air (air The average relative molecular mass of water is 29, while oxygen is 32).
  • the oxygen in the overflowing water body produced by plant photosynthesis can still accumulate at the bottom of the gas chamber, and still have a certain effect of increasing oxygen to the water, while the air rises lightly and is discharged. Leaving a small air hole to connect with the outside air, avoiding the hidden danger of the ecological box bursting due to the strong production of too much oxygen caused by photosynthesis in a completely sealed state; when carbon dioxide is added to the ordinary ecological box with only one operation hole, it can be used as storage.
  • the CO 2 gas of water is used, CO 2 is heavier (the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide is 44) and sinks at the bottom of the gas chamber, while the air is lighter and rises and is discharged.
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber removes the pair of accessories inside the sealed gas chamber. Restricted by the shape, the shape can be very free and varied, and the shape itself can be used as a work of art display to beautify the appearance of the ecological box.
  • both the main gas chamber and the auxiliary gas chamber can be short semi-sealed gas chambers, and the height of the short semi-sealed gas chamber is less than or equal to 6cm.
  • the top of the housing is provided with a transparent rubber air plug, and the top of the housing is provided with an air hole that matches the transparent rubber air plug.
  • the bottom of the housing is screwed with a main threaded interface, which is connected to the transparent box. It is fixedly connected, and the inner cavity of the main threaded interface is connected with the transparent box body, and a transparent rubber gasket is arranged between the threaded joint at the lower end of the housing and the main threaded interface to prevent leakage.
  • the air hole at the top is sealed with a transparent rubber air plug, which can be used to accelerate the melting of CO 2 into water.
  • a transparent rubber air plug which can be used to accelerate the melting of CO 2 into water.
  • CO 2 bubbles are released, and the CO 2 gas that is too late to dissolve in water gathers in the short semi-sealed gas chamber, and the water pressure is formed by increasing the water level of the main gas chamber above the main operating hole to accelerate the short and sealed type.
  • the CO2 in the gas chamber is dissolved in water, which solves the problem of low efficiency of dissolving CO2 due to the low water level of the ecological tank and the lack of a water pump; the short semi-sealed gas chamber can also be installed on the main operation hole as the main operation chamber, It is suitable for displaying a variety of beautiful vases and other decorations, which is conducive to the beautification of the appearance of the ecological box, but if it is the main gas chamber of the only operation hole, the air plug must be pulled out to avoid excessive oxygen production when the photosynthesis of plants is strong. Excessive air pressure causes the ecological box to burst, and when the oxygen consumption is low, the air pressure is reduced to aggravate the lack of oxygen in the water.
  • the main gas chamber is a highly open gas chamber, the height of which is greater than 6cm, including the shell, the bottom of the shell is screwed to the main threaded interface, and the main threaded interface is fixed to the main operating port of the transparent box Connected, the inner cavity of the highly open gas chamber communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box body, and a transparent rubber gasket is arranged between the shell and the main threaded interface.
  • the basic type is a cylinder with a screw connection at the bottom, and it can also be a variety of open vase shapes with a screw connection at the bottom.
  • the water level can be raised to the upper part of the high open gas chamber, forming a sufficient water depth for CO2 bubbles to melt into the water during the ascent.
  • an auxiliary gas chamber it is also possible to increase the water pressure in the auxiliary gas chamber to accelerate the dissolution of CO in the auxiliary gas chamber into water.
  • the main gas chamber can be a short open gas chamber, the height of the short open gas chamber is less than or equal to 6cm, the bottom of the shell is directly fixed to the edge of the operation port of the transparent box, and the inner cavity of the short open gas chamber It communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box, and the shape of the shell is short cylinder or square cylinder.
  • the low opening of the open gas chamber does not hinder the operation of the inner cavity of the box when necessary (it may also not have the operable function, only the function of eliminating the bubbles on the top wall is left), it can be directly bonded to the transparent box
  • the short and open gas chamber does not need to be disassembled during operation, which is convenient for operation.
  • Ordinary glass dishes, glass fruit bowls, etc. can be put on as covers, which is more practical.
  • the short and open gas chamber does not have the function of storing gas in other gas chambers, it still retains the gas chamber to prevent the water in the ecological box from overflowing the ecological box due to thermal expansion and cold contraction, resulting in an air layer under the glass roof of the ecological box.
  • Basic functions that affect aesthetics.
  • a carbon dioxide replenishment device can be added.
  • CO2 is mainly used as the carbon source of aquatic plants, and the air diffuser of the carbon dioxide replenishment device can also be used as the air diffuser of the backup air pump in special cases.
  • the open system eco-box can add CO 2 for a long time.
  • a time-sensing standby air pump device can be added to avoid the lack of oxygen when the natural light is insufficient during the day and the backup artificial light source cannot work due to power failure, lamp failure or being turned off.
  • the sensor switch automatically turns on the backup air pump at the bottom to solve the problem of oxygen deficiency, as an alternative insurance facility.
  • an automatic constant temperature device can be added to facilitate the adjustment and control of the temperature in the ecological box, and the power cord can be unplugged in the season when there is no need for heating.
  • the automatic constant temperature electric heating rod can be blocked by the substrate and aquatic plants, etc. It does not affect the appearance, unlike the back-mounted heating device that hinders the appearance of ordinary aquariums. And prevent the hidden danger of water leakage where the wires pass through the bottom glass.
  • the automatic constant temperature device also avoids the problem of a large decrease in pH caused by the excessive CO 2 released by the shrinkage of some plants in winter, and the need for constant temperature of tropical organisms.
  • ecological boxes and ecological furniture can be divided into I closed type, II semi-closed type; III open type, the ecological boxes of these systems have little difference in the main form, and can be various The changeable shape, the main difference lies in the different types of gas chambers used and the different circulation methods of ecosystem materials.
  • the ecological box and ecological furniture According to the shape and style of the ecological box and ecological furniture, it can be divided into minimalist style, structural style, and deconstruction style.
  • the minimalist geometric style of the ecological box and ecological furniture is like a whole piece of beautiful ecological landscape. Giant crystals can be subdivided into square series, oval series, polygonal series, etc.; while the deconstructive style is more suitable to reflect the crystal-like light refraction effect of the ecological box; the ecological box can also be combined with other furniture to become a Modular ecological furniture, such as structuralist-style ecological boxes and ecological furniture, are more suitable to be combined with other functional furniture components.
  • the transparent box containing water bodies and ecological systems is a main component of modular furniture.
  • the freshwater types include the South China swamp ecosystem, the East China lake ecosystem, and the East China stream.
  • Seawater types including seaweed field ecosystems and coral reef ecosystems have also obtained Success has enhanced the ornamental value and popular science value of the ecological box.
  • the present application also provides an ecological furniture, including any of the above-mentioned various ecological boxes and furniture accessories, which is a combination of the ecological box and the furniture accessories, and the furniture accessories are connected with the ecological box to be used as a support or to be
  • the furniture accessory can be a support such as a locker that supports the ecological box, and can also be a supported member such as a glass table top.
  • the ecological tank is mainly placed on the ground near the window in order to take advantage of the natural light coming in from the window. It usually relies on natural light as the main light source, and only occasionally when it is too dark and rainy In order to avoid hypoxia disasters in weather, the backup artificial light source is automatically activated temporarily to survive the crisis; the ecological box is basically separated from the outside air, preventing water evaporation and avoiding the problem of excessive hardness caused by the continuous concentration of minerals in the water, and isolating the outside world The falling of dust keeps the water body free from external air pollution.
  • the waste gas and excrement produced by internal aquatic animals are absorbed and utilized by internal aquatic plants, and the internal water body is kept clean through the material circulation of the ecosystem; after the internal ecosystem matures, and The separation of the outside air prevents the continuous entry of carbon dioxide from the outside into the water body, which leads to the imbalance of plant nutrition and the occurrence of nutritional deficiencies such as yellowing and whitening; a complete ecosystem is established inside the ecological box, with a complete food chain, community production equals community consumption, self-sufficiency Self-sufficient, no feeding is required, and it also avoids the eutrophication of the water body caused by excessive nutrient salt entering continuously due to feeding, and achieves the effect of no need to change water and less manual maintenance for the use of the ecological box.
  • the timing light sensor supplementary light device When the natural light is insufficient during the day on cloudy and rainy days, the backup supplementary light is automatically turned on at regular intervals for supplementary light, and oxygen is produced through the photosynthesis of aquatic plants, which solves the problem of hypoxia in continuous rainy weather for many days.
  • the total biological capacity has been expanded, the citizenship of the ecosystem and the appreciation of the ecological landscape have been improved; the hidden danger of hypoxia has been eliminated through the timing light sensor supplementary light device, and the biomass can be greatly increased; the perforated insulating leak-proof plug at the bottom
  • the advanced automatic constant temperature device expands the application of various tropical types of ecosystems with the most abundant species and ecological landscapes in ecological boxes and ecological furniture, making the ecological landscapes in ecological boxes and ecological furniture more ornamental.
  • the diversification of the ecological system in the ecological box and ecological furniture enhances the richness and appreciation of the connotation of the ecological box and ecological furniture.
  • the temperate and subtropical eco-boxes do not need to be heated or wired in winter, and are more suitable to be placed in the center of the living room as a coffee table, while the tropical eco-boxes have a more beautiful and beautiful ecological landscape, and are suitable to be placed by the window as a leisure table or desk. , table, etc. are convenient for multi-angle viewing, and can make full use of natural light.
  • the ecological box and the ecological furniture are more mature, perfect and abundant.
  • the ecological landscape appreciation of the ecological box and ecological furniture can be no less than that of the current beautiful aquarium, but the ecological box and ecological furniture completely remove the burden of the traditional aquarium's filtration system, water pump, air pump and other electric mechanical life support system facilities And energy waste, energy saving and environmental protection, and much less manual maintenance than traditional aquariums, and like a whole crystal, it can be viewed from all angles without obstacles and flaws on the top, front, rear, left, and right sides, and has practical functions of furniture, as well as a perfect combination of shape and living environment , which is the symbolic feature of our eco-box and eco-furniture, which is more beautiful and practical than aquariums on the whole, and also endows the furniture with better appreciation and thoughtfulness.
  • Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional schematic view of the use state of Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view with additional equipment attached in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • 5A is a cross-sectional view of a grooved gas drainage channel
  • Fig. 5B is a perspective view of the structural line of the grooved gas drainage channel in Fig. 5A;
  • Figure 5C is a b-b sectional view in Figure 5B;
  • Figure 5D is a sectional view of a-a in Figure 5B;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a beveled gas drainage channel
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an inclined-plane gas drainage channel
  • Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of the structure in the dotted circle in Fig. 9 in the daily closed state;
  • Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view of the structure in the dotted circle in Fig. 9 under the exhaust state;
  • Fig. 12 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the semi-sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the short semi-sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the short semi-sealed gas chamber of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the highly open gas chamber of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the highly open gas chamber of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of the short open gas chamber of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the short open gas chamber of the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the use state of Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the use state of Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a perspective view of the use state of Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the "ecological box” in this application specifically refers to the transparent box and its auxiliary devices for displaying a complete aquatic ecosystem expressed in this patent application. It was originally the concept that the inventor began to plan and develop in 1995 in order to promote the concept of ecology. Works, forming a complete ecological system sealed in a glass box, can be perennial without human maintenance. philosophy. In an ecosystem, all species must be a harmonious and necessary part of the ecosystem in which they live, and this "ecological box" is the same. If it is placed in the living room, it must become a necessary part of the living room environment. Eco-furniture".
  • the "eco-furniture” in this application specifically refers to the "eco-box” which is used to evolve into a furniture form and has a practical function of furniture, as well as the furniture containing the eco-box and adding furniture accessories such as lockers and table tops.
  • height refers to height in the direction of gravity, where the highest point refers to the highest point in the direction of gravity, and up and down refers to up and down in the direction of gravity.
  • the top wall in this application refers to the uppermost wall of the transparent box when it is in normal use and placed, for example, when it is placed in Figure 1, Figure 20, and Figure 24.
  • the top of the transparent box in this application refers to the uppermost part of the transparent box when it is placed normally.
  • the transparent box in this application not only refers to a fully transparent box but also refers to a box with transparent sides and top surfaces but opaque bottom surfaces.
  • the distance between the main operation hole and the highest point of the top wall is 0cm to 20cm.
  • the distance here refers to the distance between the circumference of the main operation hole and the highest point of the top wall, or the distance between the operation hole and the top wall. The shortest distance to the highest point of .
  • Embodiment 1 of the present application provides an ecological box, which can also be used as a kind of ecological furniture with practical furniture functions, and is relatively complete as a facility of the present application
  • the specific example is convenient for a complete description of the overall structural framework of the application.
  • implementing any product of the application does not necessarily need to have all the following additional facilities at the same time.
  • the shape of this specific example can be used as furniture with practical functions such as coffee tables and desks.
  • the system is a complete closed aquatic ecosystem 2; the length of the transparent box in this embodiment is 1.6m, so there are two operation holes on the top of the transparent box 1: the main operation hole 3 and the auxiliary operation hole 4, which are convenient For operation, it is provided with main fittings: the main gas chamber 5 and the auxiliary gas chamber 6, and the interface between the water surface and the air is in the gas chamber (the main gas chamber 5 and the auxiliary gas chamber 6).
  • main fittings the main gas chamber 5 and the auxiliary gas chamber 6
  • the interface between the water surface and the air is in the gas chamber (the main gas chamber 5 and the auxiliary gas chamber 6).
  • the length of the box body is less than or equal to about 1 m, only one operation hole and one gas chamber may be provided.
  • the transparent box body 1 makes the top wall of the transparent box body slightly inclined through the slight inclination of the top surface of the base 7, and the main gas chamber 5 is arranged as close to the highest corner of the top wall as possible, (because the main gas chamber is directly arranged at a corner end, it is very difficult and unsightly , so the main gas chamber of this embodiment is arranged on the horizontal distance from the corner end less than or equal to within 20cm), so that the oxygen bubbles produced when photosynthesis is strong can basically slide into the gas chamber automatically, leaving only the highest corner end and the corresponding An air bubble adjacent to the main operating port can be easily removed by a magnetic brush to avoid the problem that the gas layer under the top wall of the transparent box body 1 cannot be automatically eliminated.
  • a gas drainage channel 12 is provided from the corner end to the main gas chamber 5 to drain the air.
  • the channel extends to communicate with the main gas chamber 5, so that the bubbles at the corner end can slide into the main gas chamber automatically, which further solves the problem that the remaining bubble at the corner end of the top wall of the transparent box 1 cannot be automatically eliminated, so that the main body of the ecological box Like a whole piece of flawless crystal, it enhances the ornamental value.
  • the gas drainage channel 12 has a groove type ( FIG. 5 ), a chamfered surface type ( FIG. 6 ), an inclined surface type ( FIG. 7 ), and the like. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, when the top wall of the inner cavity of the transparent box 1 is a plane, the top wall of the transparent box is slightly inclined by slightly inclining the top surface of the base (so that the corner near the gas chamber is the highest), It is convenient to automatically discharge the air bubbles to the highest corner of the plane. A gradually deepened groove is opened from this corner to the main gas chamber, which is a groove-shaped gas drainage channel.
  • Figures 8 to 19 are drawings of the gas chamber of the main accessories of the eco-box.
  • the gas chamber can be divided into five types according to the functional requirements of the specific subdivided product types of the eco-box and eco-furniture in this application: sealed type 51, semi- Sealed type 52, short semi-sealed type 53, high open type 54 and short open type 55.
  • the main gas chamber provided by the present embodiment is a sealed gas chamber 51, which is completely sealed and used for the ecological box of a closed system.
  • the sealed gas chamber 51 includes a housing 515, and the bottom end of the housing 515 A threaded interface 517 is screwed, and the bottom of the threaded interface 517 is fixedly connected to the operation hole of the transparent box 1 or can also be integrally formed.
  • the inner cavity of the threaded interface 517 communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box 1, and the housing 515 is A transparent rubber gasket 516 is arranged between the threaded interfaces 517, and the inner chamber of the housing 515 is provided with a counterweight 511, an air valve 512 and an air bag 514 which are also used for flower arrangement in sequence from top to bottom, and the counterweight is made of glass.
  • the interior of the heavy part is provided with a number of ventilation holes, which extend along the up and down direction, and also have the function of flower arrangement.
  • the air valve is made of silicone rubber with both durable elasticity and transparency, and the bottom end of the outer wall of the air bag 514 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 515, and the top of the air bag 514 is provided with an air hole 513 that matches the air valve 512, and
  • the air valve 512 is provided with a T-shaped air passage 518 (see Figure 10 and Figure 11 in the manual), and the air valve 512 is pressed by the gravity of the top glass counterweight 511.
  • the glass counterweight 511 of the top mainly as gravity object function can be cuttage dried flower decorations such as reeds and grasses and the like and also serves as a vase.
  • the main gas chamber is a semi-sealed gas chamber 52 with a height of 6-50 cm
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber 52 includes a housing 522, the housing 522
  • the diameter is preferably between 5 mm and 10 mm.
  • the bottom end of the housing 522 is screwed with a main threaded interface 524, the main threaded interface 524 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the transparent box body 1, and the inner cavity of the main threaded interface 524 is connected with the transparent box body 1, and the housing 522 is connected with the transparent box body 1.
  • a transparent rubber gasket 523 is provided between the main threaded interfaces 524 to prevent leakage.
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber 52 is a simplified version of the sealed gas chamber 51, which is used in a popular semi-sealed ecological box, which reduces the production cost and is convenient for promotion.
  • the top air hole 521 is connected with the outside air. Because oxygen is slightly heavier than air, it can still be stored in the semi-sealed gas chamber 52 cavity.
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber 52 removes the restrictions on the shape of the accessories inside the sealed gas chamber 51.
  • the shape can be very free and diverse, and the shape itself can be used as a work of art decoration to beautify the appearance of the ecological box (see Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 22 in the manual);
  • the semi-sealed gas chamber with a height of 1-6 cm is a short semi-sealed gas chamber 53, and the short semi-sealed gas chamber 53 is composed of a housing 532,
  • the air hole 531, the threaded interface 534, the transparent rubber gasket 533 and the transparent rubber air plug 8 are composed, the top of the housing 532 is provided with a transparent rubber air plug 8, and the top of the housing 532 is provided with an air hole 531 matching with the transparent rubber air plug 8
  • the bottom end of the housing 532 is screwed with a threaded interface 534, the bottom of the threaded interface 534 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the operating hole of the transparent box 1, and the inner cavity of the threaded interface 534 is connected with the transparent box 1, and the shell
  • a transparent rubber gasket 533 is provided between the body 532 and the threaded interface 534 to prevent leakage.
  • the short semi-sealed gas chamber 53 is mostly used as the auxiliary operation hole 4 that has two operating holes, (and the high semi-sealed gas type generally only cooperates with the main operation hole).
  • the gas diffuser 13 releases the CO bubbles, the water-soluble CO gas gathers in the secondary gas chamber 6 (short semi-sealed gas chamber 53).
  • the water level of the main gas chamber 5 above an operation hole 3 forms water pressure, which accelerates the dissolution of CO 2 in the secondary gas chamber 6, and solves the problem of low efficiency of dissolving CO 2 due to the low water level of the ecological tank and no water pump. .
  • the short semi-sealed gas chamber 53 can also be used as the main gas chamber 5, and it is suitable for displaying ornaments such as vases with a variety of attractive shapes to help the beautification of the ecological box appearance, but as the main gas chamber 5 as the only operating hole, the gas The plug must be pulled out, so as not to produce too much oxygen when the photosynthesis of plants is strong, so that the air pressure is too high to cause the ecological box to burst, and when the oxygen consumption is low, the air pressure is reduced to aggravate the lack of oxygen in the water.
  • the gas chamber is a high open type gas chamber 54, and the height is greater than 6cm and less than 50cm
  • the high open type gas chamber 54 includes a housing 542, the bottom of which is The end screw is connected with a threaded interface 544, and the bottom of the threaded interface 544 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the operation hole of the transparent box body 1, and the inner cavity of the threaded interface 544 is connected with the inner cavity of the transparent box body 1, and the shell 542 is connected with the inner cavity of the transparent box body 1.
  • a transparent rubber gasket 543 is provided between the threaded interfaces to prevent leakage.
  • the top of the housing 542 is provided with a blue 541 for the root of the hydroponic plant.
  • the opening diameter of the housing 542 is > 3 cm, which can be cylindrical, as shown in Figure 16, or It is a variety of vase shapes with large openings, as shown in Figure 17, with blue 541 at the top of the hydroponic plant roots, giving full play to the practical function as a vase, suitable for cultivating hydroponic plants, and better as a storage room for floating plant debris
  • the water level of the gas chamber is higher than the main body of the ecological box. Some fallen leaves suspended on the top of the ecological box can be cleaned and gathered in the gas chamber with a magnetic brush through the glass.
  • Aquatic animals are one of the natural bait sources for fish. When CO2 is added as the only gas chamber, the water level is raised to the upper part of the open gas chamber to form a sufficient water depth to facilitate the CO2 bubbles to melt into the water (see the figure in the accompanying drawing. 17);
  • FIG. 18 another type of gas chamber is shown, which is a short open gas chamber 55, generally 1 to 6 cm in height, and the short open gas chamber 55 and the transparent box body 1 are directly bonded and consolidated by colloid. Or integrated molding, the inner cavity of the short open gas chamber 55 communicates with the inner cavity of the transparent box body 1, the short open gas chamber 55 is low and open, does not affect the operation during operation, and does not need to be disassembled, so the short open gas chamber Chamber 55 can be directly bonded on the transparent casing 1 or integrally formed, and common glass dishes etc. can be put on the top of short open type gas chamber 55 as cover (referring to Fig. 22 among the accompanying drawings of specification sheet).
  • the short and open gas chamber has almost no function of storing gas in other gas chambers, it still retains the gas chamber to prevent the water in the eco-box from overflowing the eco-box due to thermal expansion and water level reduction due to cold contraction.
  • basic functions It is mostly used in eco-boxes with two operating holes that usually do not add carbon dioxide, and are used with auxiliary operating holes, which is more convenient to operate and very practical.
  • the peripheral side of the transparent box 1 in this embodiment is provided with a timing light sensor supplementary light device, the timing light sensor supplementary light device includes a spare supplementary light 9, the spare supplementary light 9 is located above the transparent box 1, and the spare supplementary light
  • the lamp 9 is electrically connected with an adjustable light sensor switch 11, and the adjustable light sensor switch 11 is electrically connected with a timer switch 10.
  • the timer switch 10 and the adjustable light sensor switch 11 By adding the timer switch 10 and the adjustable light sensor switch 11, when the natural light is insufficient in the rainy day, , automatically turn on the backup fill light 9 (mainly LED spotlights) to fill the light, produce oxygen through photosynthesis of aquatic plants, thereby avoiding hypoxia, expanding biomass and species diversity, and making the internal ecosystem more profitable and rich At the same time, the amount of water can be greatly reduced, so that the transparent box can be made into an ultra-thin type (height 20cm), which can better play the practical function of furniture and avoid the hidden danger of excessive water load on the building floor. ;
  • the backup fill light 9 mainly LED spotlights
  • the bottom of the transparent box 1 is provided with a carbon dioxide replenishment device and a timing light-sensing backup air pump device.
  • the carbon dioxide replenishment device includes a carbon dioxide bottle 16, and the output end of the carbon dioxide bottle 16 is connected with a horizontal non-return meter bubble through a conduit.
  • the horizontal non-return bubble counter 17 is connected with a tee 23 through a conduit, and the three-way 23 is connected with a gas diffuser 13 with a check valve through an interface gas pipe 15, with a check valve to prevent the water in the tank from diffusing from the gas
  • the gas diffuser 13 is fitted and installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the transparent box body 1, and the gas diffuser 13 corresponds to the auxiliary gas chamber 6 or the main gas chamber 5 (when there is only one gas chamber), so that it can be easily inserted into the transparent box.
  • the timing photosensitive standby air pump device includes a standby air pump 22, the output end of the standby air pump 22 communicates with the tee 23 through a conduit, and the conduit connecting the standby air pump 22 with the tee 23 is provided with a check valve 14, To prevent CO from rushing to the air pump when the air pump stops filling, the spare air pump 22 is electrically connected with the timing switch 10, the adjustable light sensor switch 11 and the spare uninterruptible power supply 24 (optional).
  • the standby air pump 22 at the bottom is automatically turned on through the timing switch 10 and the adjustable light sensor switch 11, and the oxygen output through the standby air pump 22 passes through
  • the check valve 14, tee 23 and interface air pipe 15 are sent to the air diffuser 13 installed at the bottom of the eco-box shared with the carbon dioxide replenishment device, and the air is sent to the transparent box 1 by the air diffuser 13 as an alternative insurance facilities to avoid hypoxia;
  • a constant temperature device can be added, and the automatic constant temperature device includes a horizontal automatic constant temperature electric heating rod 18, a perforated insulating leak-proof plug 19, a temperature regulator 20 and a pluggable power cord 21, and the perforated insulating leak-proof plug 19 is fitted Installed at the bottom of the transparent box 1, the perforated insulating leak-proof plug 19 is electrically connected to the horizontal automatic constant temperature electric heating rod 18, and the horizontal automatic constant temperature electric heating rod 18 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the transparent box 1, and can be plugged
  • the power cord 21 is provided with a temperature regulator 20, which is convenient to adjust the temperature on the horizontal automatic constant temperature electric heating rod 18; by plugging one end of the external pluggable power cord 21 into the external power supply, the other end is inserted into the Perforated insulation leak-proof plug 19, to facilitate disassembly when not needed.
  • the constant temperature device is only needed when the ecological system inside the ecological box is a tropical type, and it is opened in winter, and the pluggable power cord 21 can
  • the present embodiment provides a tea table with a shape similar to an ellipsoid, in which the transparent box is completely filled with water like a crystal clear elliptical crystal ball, and the ecological landscape rich in species inside is passed through the ellipsoid.
  • the effect of the magnifying glass is full of mystery and becomes a very attractive visual center in the living room.
  • the ecological box is independently used as the ecological furniture with the practical function of furniture.
  • the system of the present embodiment is a closed system, and the material circulation of the internal ecological system belongs to the closed type, which is completely sealed, and the sealed gas chamber 51 (see Fig. 8 to Fig. 11 ), equipped with a timing light sensor supplementary light device, and a temporary carbon dioxide device can be added for the early stage of ecosystem construction.
  • the sealed gas chamber 51 see Fig. 8 to Fig. 11
  • a timing light sensor supplementary light device equipped with a timing light sensor supplementary light device, and a temporary carbon dioxide device
  • a temporary carbon dioxide device can be added for the early stage of ecosystem construction.
  • With a complete food chain network a complete internal cycle of ecosystem materials is implemented. Compared with our older generation of ecological furniture twenty years ago, it has better sealing performance and ability to resist abnormal weather risks, and more abundant and diverse biological species and ecosystem landscapes. After the ecosystem matures, it
  • This embodiment belongs to the coffee table of minimalist style in terms of shape, which is simple and fresh.
  • the elliptical shape is particularly harmonious in the artistic modern style indoor environment where the surrounding furniture (sofa, etc.) is a lively type of abnormal shape.
  • the ecological type of this embodiment is most suitable for a subtropical wetland ecosystem in South China, which is rich in biological species and does not require winter heating, and does not have exposed wires to affect the appearance.
  • the main body of the ecological box usually has no exposed wires.
  • the timer can be placed on the floor lamp power socket, and the connected light sensor switch is placed in a place where the surrounding natural light intensity and the ecological box of this embodiment are closer.
  • a gas drainage channel is established at the highest point on the top of the transparent casing 1 cavity to communicate with the main gas chamber 5. Since the highest point of the top wall of this embodiment is gentle, a beveled gas drainage channel (see Figure 6) is established, and the inner cavity The top wall of the top wall is slightly inclined towards the place where the gas chamber 5 is located along the periphery of the operating hole to accelerate the removal of air bubbles.
  • this embodiment provides a coffee table of another shape, which is composed of two transparent boxes 1 interspersed, plus a top glass panel and a bottom plate.
  • the present embodiment system belongs to semi-closed type, not completely sealed, installs the openable semi-sealed type main gas chamber (Fig. Gas chamber or short open gas chamber, with vases placed on it as decoration.); A simplified open gas chamber (Fig. 18, Fig. 19) is installed on the auxiliary operation hole, and a glass dish is simply covered to prevent moisture evaporation and dust from falling , set timing light sensor supplementary light device (including 9-spare supplementary light, 10-time switch, 11-adjustable light sensor switch); no feeding, basically no trimming of plants, basically no external material input and output. It belongs to the closed ecosystem material cycle.
  • the operating hole can be opened by unscrewing the main gas chamber 52 when needed and by removing the glass dish on the top of the short open gas chamber, a small amount of interior ecological landscape can be trimmed to make the ecological landscape more beautiful, and there is no need to change the ecological system after it is mature. water. More economical and practical, more suitable for the needs of ordinary users.
  • This example belongs to the deconstructive style tea table in terms of shape. Its characteristic is that the light passes through the transparent box 1 filled with water in the ecological box to form a prism-like crystal clear crystal refraction effect. When sunlight shines through it, colorful lights can be produced, which strengthens the pursuit of glass furniture. Therefore, the requirements for the internal ecological landscape are not high, and large biomass is not required.
  • the internal ecosystem of this example is suitable for a clean and compact small temperate subtropical oligotrophic aquatic ecosystem2. There is no need for heating in winter, so there is no need for automatic constant temperature facilities.
  • each casing must have an operation hole and a gas chamber, so two operation holes 3, 4 and two gas chambers 5 are also required. , 6, two grooved gas guide channels 12 (see Figure 5).
  • the threaded interface 524 of the main operating hole is made as high as the thickness of the top plate glass, and is fixed on the inner side of the operating hole 3.
  • the special-shaped vase-shaped semi-enclosed gas chamber looks as if it is directly placed on the top plate glass.
  • this embodiment provides a desk, comprises a lengthening (2m) ultra-thin cuboid transparent casing 1 and base 7, and wherein base comprises left base cabinet and side cabinet. It is a typical embodiment of ecological furniture combined with an ecological box and furniture accessories.
  • Total balance is the ecological box of the open system of large-scale two operating holes, as the high open type gas chamber 54 of main gas chamber 5 can be used as hydroponic plant vase (Fig. 17) , and the secondary gas chamber adopts a short semi-sealed gas chamber (Fig. 14, 15) and is plugged with a transparent rubber plug as a function of storing CO 2 that is not dissolved in water. into the water.
  • the transparent box body of present embodiment is very thin (20cm), so the threaded interface 544 of main operating hole 3 is done as high as the glass thickness of top wall, directly embeds in main operating hole 3 and does not expose top glass face, rather than like Conventionally, it is installed on the operation hole, so as to prevent the threaded interface 544 from being high and hindering the operation, and the elongated tool stretches into the transparent casing 1.
  • a groove-shaped gas drainage channel 12 (see FIG. 5 ) is provided at a corner of the top wall of the transparent box 1 to guide and discharge air bubbles to the main gas chamber 5 .
  • Timing supplementary light switch 10, light sensor switch 11 can be installed on the wall, equipped with common carbon dioxide devices (including 13-gas diffuser with non-return raft, 16-carbon dioxide bottle, 17-horizontal non-return bubble counter, 23 - tee) and timing light-sensing backup air pump device 22, because the transparent casing of the present embodiment is ultra-thin, the amount of water is relatively small and the amount of oxygen accommodated is also small, so during the construction of an ecosystem with few plants, or in hot summer And when the proportion of total biomass is too high, the timing light sensor switch 10 and the adjustable light sensor switch 11 can be used to automatically turn on the backup air pump 22 at night to prevent hypoxia, and the light sensor switch can be connected and added to the carbon dioxide bottle 16 The solenoid valve automatically closes the carbon dioxide release at night and automatically opens during the day.
  • common carbon dioxide devices including 13-gas diffuser with non-return raft, 16-carbon dioxide bottle, 17-horizontal non-return bubble counter, 23 - tee
  • This kind of open system can be fed in an appropriate amount, the number of aquatic species such as fish is abundant, and carbon dioxide can be added for a long time to accelerate the growth of plants. Nutrients. It can make people understand the material cycle of the ecosystem more intuitively, and let people understand the mystery of water purification in the wetland ecosystem. It is also more suitable for the needs of aquarium enthusiasts.
  • the shape of this embodiment belongs to the table of structuralism.
  • This type of ecological box is suitable for desks, leisure tables, dining tables and other table functions.
  • the main transparent box 1 needs to be ultra-thin to reduce weight and ensure that the space under the table is suitable for human legs.
  • the base stretches comfortably and combines harmoniously with base cabinets and more. It is suitable to be placed by the window to make full use of natural light, and it is also more suitable for viewing from multiple angles.
  • Ecosystem 2 in this embodiment is suitable for adopting wetland ecosystems in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
  • South Asia and Southeast Asia have very rich species of low and beautiful Araceae (Araceae) Cryptococcidium (commonly known as Pepper Grass) and Capsicum Ficus (Bucephalandra) aquatic plants, which are very suitable for the space in this ultra-thin ecological box.
  • Some Araceae aquatic plants need to live in a water environment with high carbon dioxide. Long-term addition of carbon dioxide in an open system provides them with an ideal habitat.
  • the species are rich and diverse, the ecosystem is the most mature, and it has a very beautiful ecological landscape.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

一种生态箱和生态家具。生态箱包括透明箱体（1）和主气体室（5），透明箱体（1）的顶壁具有主操作孔（3），主操作孔（3）距离顶壁的最高处0cm～20cm；主操作孔（3）上设置主气体室（5），主气体室（5）通过主操作孔（3）和透明箱体（1）内腔连通。透明箱体（1）的周侧有定时光感应补光装置。透明箱体（1）的内腔空间用于建构生态系统并完全填充满水，可以从透明箱体（1）的顶面、前后左右面各角度全方位观赏。

Description

生态箱和生态家具 技术领域
本申请涉及水族箱领域和家具领域，具体涉及一种兼具家具实用功能、观赏和生态科普教育功能的生态箱和生态家具，生态家具是兼具家具实用功能的生态箱以及包容生态箱并加上家具附件的家具。
背景技术
一、社会现有技术
1、90年代初在美国出现的生态球，作为一种生态工艺品或生态科教用品，生态球由透明的玻璃球体组成，其内是一个密封的生态系统，有小虾、低等藻类、细菌、经过滤的海水、柳珊瑚骨骼、小石及空气。采用美国宇航局技术，将科学知识与艺术观赏完美地结合在一起。但是生态球缺乏可见的优美生态景观，作为主要景观的为死亡的柳珊瑚骨骼；生态系统过于简单，寿命不长，由于生态球上部有空气区，顶壁玻璃上往往布满露水，俯视观赏效果较差。而且生态球功能上和室内空间不是很吻合，难以作为室内不可缺的必要组成部分，过期后就被当做垃圾抛弃，并且缺乏提供人们的能动参与性，科普功能也不够强。
2、自然生态系统和建筑室内空间的共生是居室空间在生态文明时代的潮流和趋势，城市人们生活精神上向往回归自然，多在室内摆上盆载植物或水族箱等，并也尝试与家具结合，但这些基本没有完整的生态系统，所以需要日常人工维护和饲养照料。尤其是水族箱以及其和与家具结合的鱼缸家具需要依靠水泵、过滤器、內装灯等用电维生系统设施维持运行，并且有噪音，影响人与生物休息，比较耗费能源，也影响了作为家具的美观性和实用性。而且现有的鱼缸家具观赏面有限，如申请号为CN201620550273.8的一种新型生态鱼缸茶几虽可多面观赏，但水面和顶壁玻璃之间有空气层影响观赏。
二、发明人以前的专利技术
于1997-10-29申请的专利申请号为CN97229975.0的“生态家具”，也存在着一些缺点不够成熟完善:
1、其在透明箱体的顶壁玻璃下会蓄积氧气泡形成气体层影响美观需经常性手动去除；
2、该97年版的生态家具利用“分压调节器”作为储存氧气避免阴雨天自然光线不足导致的缺氧问题，该“分压调节器”虽能在普通天气运行正常，但遇到多日连续阴暗的长期阴雨天气，氧气容易消耗殆尽导致水生动物缺氧死亡。
3、该“分压调节器”技术本身也不成熟，当光合作用生产的氧气过于饱和超出容量气压过大后保险塞自动打开避免生态箱爆裂，但分压调节器内的氧气就会完全泄光，导致密封失败贮氧功能失效。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种成熟的新型生态箱和生态家具，发明人在1997年申报《生态家具》专利之后又经过了二十三年的实验和研究，克服了原有技术中存在的上述问题。和发明人二十多年前的专利技术相比，革新的多种类型的气体室完善了生态家具生态箱的多种功能也更方便于生态家具生态箱的普及推广；解决了生态箱内腔顶部气泡无法自动排除的问题，使其犹如一块无瑕的水晶体加强 了美观性；解决了多日连续阴雨自然光不足时的缺氧问题，扩大了生物量和物种多样性，使其内生态系统更为繁荣丰富，观赏性更好。生态箱是对于传统水族箱革命性的革新，从传统水族箱的饲养和展示鱼类，水草，和生物群落景观，革新到生态箱的建构和展示完整统一的生态系统及其生态景观，基本无需饲养，极大减轻了人工维护，并在彻底去除了传统水族箱必备的水泵、过滤器、水循环系统等电动维生系统设施，甚至完全密封后，仍有不逊于传统水族箱内的美丽繁荣的生物群落景观；也是对缺乏优美生态景观的生态球的革新，生态箱内的生态系统具有了物种多样性丰富，生物群落繁荣的美丽而生机勃勃的生态景观；为了有利于推广生态箱普及生态理念使其能在人们居室中“生存”和“发展繁衍”，生态箱外形则必须演化成为居室环境所不可分割的有机组成部分－－家具，于是就成了“生态家具”。
为实现上述技术目的及效果，本申请是通过以下技术方案实现：
提供一种生态箱，生态箱包括透明箱体和主气体室，透明箱体的内腔用于建构水生生态系统并完全填充满水，透明箱体的顶壁具有主操作孔，主操作孔设于水平距离顶壁最高处0cm～20cm处；主操作孔上设置主气体室，主气体室通过主操作孔和透明箱体内腔连通，方便植物光合作用产生的氧气泡自然滑入主气体室，当主气体室不方便设置在顶壁最高处或设置在顶壁最高处导致造型不美观时，可在离最高处一定距离0～20cm范围(边缘水平距离)内设置主操作口和主气体室，(当透明箱体内腔顶部为一水平面时，则摆放时通过底座顶面微斜将透明箱体微斜放置，)使绝大部分气泡能自然滑入主气体室，只剩主操作口和顶壁最高处的一角端头之间的一个气泡，可以用磁刷很方便的将气泡刷入主气体室，初步解决了透明箱体顶壁下气体层无法自动排除的问题。
可选的，长度一米以内的透明箱体可以只设主操作孔，主操作孔过小时(口径＜7cm)或一米以上到两米之间的透明箱体可以增设一个副操作孔，操作孔上设气体室，主操作孔上为主气体室，副操作孔上为副气体室。可选的，操作孔可以是圆形和方形，圆形直径在0.1cm～25cm之间，方形边长在1cm～25cm之间，为了美观操作孔尽可能小，通常口径在7cm～25cm之间，满足手和工具以及组建生态系统的材料可伸入操作孔内操作。主操作孔口径＜7cm时主要供排气泡到主气体室的基本功能。透明箱体材料采用玻璃或亚克力。气体室采用透明半透明材料。
优选地，配设气体引流通道更彻底的引排所有气泡至主气体室。气体引流通道从容易滞留气泡的透明箱体顶壁最高处的一端延伸至所述主气体室，以引排气泡至所述主气体室内。气体引流通道有凹槽型、削面型、斜面型等。彻底解决透明箱体顶壁下气泡无法自动排除的问题，从而使生态箱主体犹如一整块无暇的水晶体，增强观赏性。基于上述技术特征，当透明箱体内腔顶壁为一水平面时，可通过微斜摆放使平面微斜，便于自动排走气泡到平面最高的一角，从此角至主操作口开设一逐渐加深的凹槽，为凹槽型气体引流通道，气泡从这一角通过凹槽型气体引流通道排到邻近的主气体室中；当透明箱体内腔顶部为一圆弧面时，主气体室置于圆弧面顶部，由于圆弧面顶部坡度平缓，将主气体室下的主操作孔下缘周圈玻璃削面加大顶部中心区坡度，加速气泡排到主气体室，为削面型气体引流通道；当透明箱体内腔顶部可以不为一平面时，直接将顶板玻璃做成几片微斜面引排气泡到位于顶板玻璃最高处的主气体室，为斜板型气体引流通道。
透明箱体的内腔用于完全充满水并组建由水生生物群落(包括水生植物、鱼类、水生无脊椎动物、微生物等)和基质(沙、土、石、沉木等)构成的水生生态系统。平时以自然光照射水生植物光合作为主生产氧气，当阴雨天或摆放位置自然光不足时，依靠在设置在透明箱体的周侧的定时光感应补光装置自动打开备用补光灯照射水生植物光合作生产氧气避免缺氧。定时光感应补光装置包括备用补光灯，备用补光灯位于透明箱体的上方，备用补光灯电性连接有可调式光感应开关，可调式光感应开关电性连接有定时开关。
在自然光不足时主要依靠定时光感应补光装置自动补光更好的解决了缺氧问题的条件下，原专利的分压调节器原有功能已不重要，再则现在生态系统建设阶段安装二氧化碳补充装置后，分压调节器更多的改作储存未溶于水的CO 2的功能之用，而加入CO 2后生产的氧气远远比从前更多成为多余的废气排出，和CO 2合在一起更频繁的冲出安全塞，原分压调节器失去效果，现革新采用新设计有T形气道的气阀，解决了原有的缺陷，完善了分压调节器的功能，由于现在的功能侧重点不同，所以将分压调节器改革为主气体室，不再是主要解决当自然光不足时的缺氧气问题，而更主要的是作为避免透明箱体内集聚气泡和气体层之用，以及作为有时储存未溶于水的CO 2气体之用，由于CO 2比其他气体重沉于气体室底部，气体室有一定高度顶部也可不密封CO 2也不至于流失，所以气体室根据不同功能需求分化成密封型气体室、半密封型气体室、矮半密封型气体室、高开放型气体室和矮开放型气体室等多种形态。
可选的，主气体室为密封型气体室，密封型气体室包括圆筒型壳体，圆筒型壳体的底端螺接有主螺纹接口，主螺纹接口与透明箱体相固接，且主螺纹接口的内腔与透明箱体的内腔相连通，圆筒型壳体与主螺纹接口之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈，圆筒型壳体的内腔从上到下依次设置有玻璃配重件、透明橡胶气阀和气囊，且气囊的外壁底端与圆筒型壳体相固接，气囊的顶部开设有与透明橡胶气阀相配合的气孔，透明橡胶气阀和气囊均设于圆筒型壳体内，气囊的底端密封住主操作孔并且气囊和透明箱体的内腔连通，透明橡胶气阀内开设有T形气道，T型气道具有底部开口和上部开口，密封型气体室包括两种状态，分别为封闭状态和放气状态，气囊内的气压变化和玻璃配重件重力相互作用使透明橡胶气阀的上下移动来实现两种状态的切换；其中，封闭状态是基本状态，密封型气体室处于封闭状态时，T型气道的底部开口和T型气道的上部开口都和气囊连通，透明橡胶气阀密封住气囊；放气状态是特殊状态，密封型气体室处于放气状态时，T型气道上部开口和外界连通从而使气囊和外界通过气道连通。优选地，气阀材质为硅橡胶。
基于上述技术特征，主气体室为密封型气体室时，完全密封，用于封闭式系统的生态箱，当水中氧气过于饱和时，变成氧气泡浮起最后汇集于气体室，气囊膨胀；当水中氧气较低时，气囊受顶部配重件重力所压加速使气体室中氧气融回水体，气囊收缩，比较直观的显示出水中含氧量情况，起着氧气含量指示器的作用。当气体过多时气囊膨胀到顶时气压仍继续上升，导致气囊顶部的气阀上升带T形气道上部气孔露出气囊外放走部分过多气体避免生态箱爆裂，部分放气后气压减低，顶部配重件重力又将气阀压回落重新封闭气孔保存气囊内的氧气。顶部主要作为重力物功能的的玻璃配重件可以扦插芦苇荻花之类干花装饰物兼作为花瓶之功能；
可选的，主气体室为半密封型气体室，半密封型气体室包括壳体，壳体可以为圆筒型，高度大于6cm，圆筒型壳体的顶部开设有气孔，圆筒型壳体的底端螺接有主螺纹接口，主螺纹接口与透明箱体相固接，且主螺纹接口的内腔与透明箱体相连通，圆筒型壳体与主螺纹接口之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈。基于上述技术特征，半密封型气体室是密封型气体室的简化版，用于普及型的半密封生态箱，减轻了制作成本，方便于推广，虽然没密封，由于氧气也比空气重(空气的平均相对分子质量是29，而氧气是32)，植物光合作用生产的溢出水体的氧气仍可蓄积于气体室底部，仍有一定的向水中增氧功效，而空气较轻上升排走，顶部留小气孔与外界空气相连，避免完全密封状态下当光合作用强烈生产过多氧气导致气压过强生态箱爆裂的隐患；在只有一个操作孔的普通生态箱中加二氧化碳时可作为储存未融化于水的CO 2气体之用，CO 2更重(二氧化碳的相对分子质量是44)沉于气体室底部，而空气较轻上升排走，半密封型气体室去除了密封型气体室内部的配件对造型的限制，在外形上可以很自由多种多样，本身的造型可以作为艺术品摆设，美化生态箱的外观。
可选的，主气体室和副气体室都可以为矮半密封型气体室，矮半密封型气体室高度小于或等于 6cm，由壳体、气孔、主螺纹接口、透明橡胶垫圈和透明橡胶气塞组成，壳体的顶部设置有透明橡胶气塞，壳体的顶部开设有与透明橡胶气塞相配合的气孔，壳体的底端螺接有主螺纹接口，主螺纹接口与透明箱体相固接，且主螺纹接口的内腔与透明箱体相连通，壳体下端螺纹接头与主螺纹接口之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈防漏。基于上述技术特征，矮密封型气体室作为副气体室之用时，用透明橡胶气塞塞住顶部透气孔密封，可作为加速融化CO 2于水的功能，空气扩散器位于副操作孔底下的透明箱体底壁上，释放CO 2气泡，来不及溶于水的CO 2气体聚集于矮半密封型气体室，并靠提高主操作孔之上的主气体室的水位形成水压，加速矮密封型气体室里CO 2溶于水，解决了因为生态箱水位较低并且没有水泵而溶解CO 2的效率比较低的问题；矮半密封型气体室也可以作为主操作室安装于主操作孔上，其上适合摆设多种造型美观的花瓶等摆件有利于生态箱外观的美化，但如作为唯一操作孔的主气体室时，气塞必须拔掉，以免植物光合作用强烈时生产出过多氧气使气压过大导致生态箱爆裂，氧气被消耗低时又降低气压加剧水中缺氧。
可选的，主气体室为高开放型气体室，高开放型气体室高度大于6cm，包括壳体，壳体的底端螺接主螺纹接口，主螺纹接口与透明箱体主操作口相固接，高开放型气体室的内腔与透明箱体的内腔相连通，壳体与主螺纹接口之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈，壳体的顶部可设置有水培植物根部夹蓝，壳体基本型为底部有螺旋接口的圆筒形，也可是底部有螺旋接口的多种敞口花瓶形态。基于上述技术特征，适合使其为花瓶形态，顶部可加水培植物根部夹蓝，充分发挥作为花瓶的实用功能，适合培植水培植物，且更好的作为漂浮植物碎末储存室功能之用，气体室水位比透明箱体高，一些悬浮于透明箱体顶部的落叶碎末可用磁力刷隔玻璃清扫汇聚于气体室，落叶碎末通过微生物分解给水培植物提供了营养，同时又可培育微型水生动物作为鱼类天然饵料来源之一，当作为唯一气体室加CO 2时，水位可加高至高开放型气体室上部，形成足够的水深度方便于CO 2气泡在上升过程中融化于水。在有副气体室时，也可以此增加副气体室的水压使副气体室内的CO 2加速溶于水。
可选的，主气体室可以为矮开放型气体室，矮开放型气体室高度小于或等于6cm，壳体底端与透明箱体操作口边缘直接固接，且矮开放型气体室的内腔与透明箱体的内腔相连通，壳体形状为矮圆筒型或方筒型。基于上述技术特征，由于矮开放型气体室低矮敞口不妨碍需要时对箱体内腔的操作(也可以不具可操作功能，只留消除顶壁气泡功能)，可以直接粘合在透明箱体上，矮开放型气体室在操作时无需拆卸，方便于操作，可将普通玻璃碟，玻璃水果盘等放上作为盖子，更为实用。矮开放型气体室虽然没有了其他气体室储存气体的功能，但仍然保留了气体室作为防止生态箱内水体因热膨胀导致水溢出生态箱外和冷收缩水位降低导致生态箱玻璃顶板下出现空气层影响美观的基本功能。
可选的，可以增设二氧化碳补充装置，封闭和半封闭式的生态箱内生态系统建设成熟后则以依靠动物呼吸以及自然分解老烂叶等植物残落物及泥土中腐殖质等有机碳源产生的CO 2为主作为水生植物的碳源，二氧化碳补充装置的空气扩散器可兼作为备用气泵的空气扩散器在特殊情况下使用。而开放式系统的生态箱可长期加CO 2。
可选的，可以增设定时光感应备用气泵装置，避免当日间自然光不足时又由于停电，灯具故障或被关灯等情况备用人工光源无法起作用光照仍然过低时的缺氧问题，定时光感应开关自动开启底部备用气泵解决缺氧气问题，作为备选保险设施。
可选的，可以增设自动恒温装置，便于对生态箱内的温度进行调节控制，且在不用加温的季节可拔掉插拔电源线，自动恒温电热棒可被基质和水生植物等所遮挡，不影响美观，不像普通水族箱那种背挂式加温装置有碍美观。以及防止电线穿过底玻璃的漏水隐患。自动恒温装置也避免了冬季部分植物萎缩释放的过多CO 2导致的酸碱度大幅度降低的问题，以及热带生物对恒温的需求。
根据内部生态系统物质循环类型，生态箱和生态家具可分为I封闭式，II半封闭式；III开放式，这几种系统的生态箱在主体形态上区别不大，都可以各种各样多变造型，主要区别在于所采用的气体室类型不同，生态系统物质循环方式不同。
根据生态箱和生态家具外形造型风格来分，可分为极简主义风格，结构主义风格，和解构主义风格等，极简风格几何体风格的生态箱和生态家具犹如一整块内涵美丽生态景观的巨型水晶体，造型细分又可分为方形系列，椭圆形系列，多棱型系列等；而解构主义风格更适合体现生态箱水晶体般的光线折射效果；生态箱也可以和其他家具结合为一体成为组合式的生态家具，比如结构主义风格的生态箱和生态家具更适合与其他功能家具部件组合为一体，包含水体和生态系统的透明箱体作为组合式家具中的一个主要组成部分。
根据生态箱和生态家具内部生态系统类型来分，可分为淡水和海水两大类，其中各有多种地域型生态系统，遵守生态系统的地域性原则也是生态箱得以成功并丰富多彩的秘诀之一，经过二十多年的实验和研究，我们在生态箱内研制并实验成功了实用而观赏价值高的多种生态系统，淡水类型的有华南沼泽生态系统、华东湖泊生态系统、华东溪流生态系统、北美湿地生态系统、南美温带湿地生态系统、南亚湿地生态系统、南美亚马逊湿地生态系统、西非湿地生态系统和东非湖泊生态系统等；海水类型包括海藻场生态系统和珊瑚礁生态系统也获得了成功，提升了生态箱的观赏价值和科普价值。
本申请还提供了一种生态家具，包括任一如上所述的多种生态箱和家具附件，是生态箱及家具附件的结合体，家具附件和所述生态箱连接用于作为支撑件或者被支撑件，家具附件可以是起支撑所述生态箱的储物柜等的支撑物，也可以是玻璃桌面等被支撑件。
有益效果：
一、与社会现有公开技术相比，本申请的有益效果如下：
1、和生态球相比，生态箱置于居室时，则演化为生态家具，和居室环境和谐共生为一体，成为居室不可缺少的组成部分；内部生态系统景观丰富优美，生物物种多样性高，生态系统稳定性更强，同时在万一出现生态失衡情况时可以打开盖稍加调整，寿命可以无限长；用户可以参与根据我们的说明书遵循生态学原理组建其内的生态系统，越是严格遵照生态学原理组建，越可无需日常照料和维护一劳而永逸，用户可体验式的学到生态学知识，具有更好的生态科普功能。
2、完美的将自然生态系统景观和人工建筑空间和谐共生，以及和家具实用功能的结合，并使人工维护需要度大为降低甚至无需维护。和现有盆栽绿植和雨林缸等相比，生态箱成功地与家具功能相结合，更少的人工维护；相对与水族箱以及鱼缸家具等相比，极大减少了人工维护需求，并由于去除了现有水族箱和鱼缸家具内的电动过滤器，水泵，內装灯等用电维生系统设施对生态景观的遮挡，使顶面前后左右面各角度全方位都可以无障碍观赏，美观性大为增强；同时节约了能耗，有利于节能减排。不同于以人工灯光为主要光源的水族箱摆放于高台，生态箱为了利用从窗射入的自然光，主要摆放于近窗地上，平时依靠自然光作为为主要光源，只在偶尔过于阴暗的阴雨天气时为避免缺氧灾难时才自动临时启动备用人工光源度过危机；生态箱基本和外界空气隔开，防止了水分蒸发而避免了水中矿物质不断浓缩导致硬度过高的问题，隔绝了外界灰尘的落入，保持了水体不受外界空气污染影响，内部水生动物产生的废气和排泄物被内部水生植物所吸收利用，通过生态系统物质循环保持内部水体洁净；在内部生态系统成熟后，和外界空气隔开避免了外界二氧化碳不断进入水体而导致植物营养失衡而出现黄化白化等营养缺乏症的问题；生态箱内部建立了完整的生态系统，具有完整的食物链，群落生产等于群落消费，自给自足，可无需喂食，也避免了喂食造成过多营养盐不断进入导致水体富营养化污染，达到生态箱使用无需换水少需人工维护的效果。
3、生态箱充满水后犹如巨形水晶般的晶莹剔透质感与室内其它物体对比所产生的美感，弥补了 普通玻璃家具的单薄，透而不空，实现了玻璃家具欲而难达的晶莹剔透光线折射效果，与寓于其内自然生物的生命活力一起创造了更为清新雅致而又生机勃勃的生态文明时代新一代居室环境风尚。
二、与我们2000年公开的“生态家具”专利技术相比：
1、通过在透明箱体顶壁高处设置主气体室初步解决了老一代生态家具透明箱体顶壁下空气层无法自动排除问题，进一步地，引流通道的设置进一步彻底解决了顶壁下所剩零星气泡无法自动排除问题，使生态箱主体犹如一整块无暇的水晶体。
2、通过定时光感应补光装置，在阴雨天日间自然光不足时定时自动开启备用补光灯进行光照补光，通过水生植物光合作用生产氧气，解决了多日连续阴雨气候的缺氧问题。
3、通过创新的T型气阀改进了我们原有专利的核心技术分压调节器，完善了密封型生态家具的功能，通过将原有技术的分压调节器改革为气体室，不再是主要解决因光线不足的缺氧气问题，而主要作为防止透明箱体顶壁积累气泡气体层的功能，也作为储存未溶于水的二氧化碳气体之用，功能和目的与原先的分压调节器不同，同时通过革新分化的多种类型的气体室拓展了生态箱的的多种新功能，也降低了生产成本，利于生态箱的推广普及。
4、扩大了总生物容量，提升了生态系统的繁荣和生态景观的观赏性；通过定时光感应补光装置消除了缺氧隐患，使生物量可大为增加；通过底部具穿孔绝缘防漏塞的自动恒温装置，扩展了物种和生态景观最为丰富多样美观的多种热带类型的生态系统在生态箱和生态家具中的应用，使生态箱和生态家具内的生态景观更具观赏性。
5、生态箱和生态家具多样化细分类型，不但有比原有技术密封效果更为完善的封闭式系统，又有更实用的半封闭式系统，也有将生态系统景观丰富繁荣推向极致的开放式系统，满足了多类型用户需求，更适合推广普及。生态箱和生态家具形态上多样化使生态箱在家具功能上也多样化，适合作为茶几，书桌，餐桌，茶桌，案台等。有突出生态景观观赏效果的，也有突出如水晶般晶莹剔透光线折射效果的。使生态箱具有更为多样化的吸引力。
生态箱和生态家具内生态系统多样化提升了生态箱和生态家具内涵的丰富性和观赏性。温带亚热带类型的生态箱冬季无需加温，无需电线接入，更适合放在客厅的中央作为茶几功能，而热带类型的生态箱生态景观更为绚丽美观，适合放在窗边作为休闲桌，书桌，案台等方便多角度观赏，并可充分利用自然光。
总之，经过本申请的改进和革新，使生态箱和生态家具更为成熟完善和丰富。使生态箱和生态家具的生态景观观赏性可以完全不逊于当下流性唯美的水族箱，但生态箱和生态家具完全彻底去除了传统水族箱的过滤系统水泵气泵等电动机械维生系统设施的累赘和能源浪费，节能环保，并比传统水族箱少得多的人工维护，而且犹如整体水晶体可以顶面前后左右面无障碍无瑕疵全角度观赏，并具有家具实用功能，以及造型和居室环境完美结合，这是我们的生态箱和生态家具的标志性特色，整体上比水族箱等更为美观实用，也赋予了家具更好的观赏性和思想性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例。
图1为本申请的实施例1的使用状态立体示意图；
图2为本申请的实施例1的立体示意图；
图3为本申请的实施例1的附接有附加设备的剖面示意图；
图4为本申请的实施例1的立体分解示意图；
图5A是凹槽型气体引流通道的剖面图；
图5B是图5A中凹槽型气体引流通道的结构线立体图；
图5C是图5B中的b-b剖面图；
图5D是图5B中的a-a剖面图；
图6是削面型气体引流通道的剖面图；
图7是斜面型气体引流通道的剖面图；
图8为本申请的密封型气体室的结构立体分解示意图；
图9为本申请的密封型气体室的实施例剖面图；
图10图9中虚线圈中结构处于日常封闭状态下的局部放大图；
图11图9中虚线圈中结构处于排气状态下的局部放大图；
图12为本申请的半密封型气体室的结构立体分解示意图；
图13为本申请的半密封型气体室的实施例剖面图；
图14为本申请的矮半密封型气体室的结构立体分解示意图；
图15为本申请的矮半密封型气体室的实施例剖面图；
图16为本申请的高开放型气体室的结构立体分解示意图；
图17为本申请的高开放型气体室的实施例剖面图；
图18为本申请的矮开放型气体室的立体示意图；
图19为本申请的矮开放型气体室的实施例剖面图；
图20为本申请实施例2的使用状态立体图；
图21为本申请实施例2的剖面示意图；
图22为本申请实施例3的使用状态立体图；
图23为本申请实施例3的剖面示意图；
图24为本申请实施例4的使用状态立体图；
图25为本申请实施例4的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的“生态箱”特指本专利申请所表达的用于展示完整水生生态系统的透明箱体及其辅助装置，最初是发明人从1995年开始为了宣传生态理念而开始策划研制的观念作品，组建完整的生态系统密封在玻璃箱体内，可多年生生不息，无需人为维护，“万物并作，吾以观复，不出户，知天下”，行不言之教，传生态之哲理。在生态系统中，所有物种都必须是其所处生态系统的和谐必要组成部分，这种“生态箱”也一样，如果放置于居室，则必须成为居室居室环境的必要组成部分，进化成了“生态－家具”。因此，本申请中的“生态家具”特指用于演变成家具形态兼具家具实用功能的“生态箱”以及包容生态箱并加上家具附件如储物柜，桌面等的家具。
本申请中的高低指的是重力方向上的高低，其中最高处指的是重力方向上的最高处，上下指的是重力方向上的上下。
本申请中的顶壁指的是透明箱体在正常使用并放置的时候，例如图1，图20，图24中放置的时候，位于箱体的最上的壁。
本申请中的透明箱体的顶部指的是透明箱体正常放置的时候的最上的部分。
本申请中的透明箱体不仅指的是全透明的箱体也指侧面和顶面透明但是底面不透明的箱体。
本申请中的所述主操作孔距离所述顶壁的最高处0cm～20cm，这里的距离指的是主操作孔的孔周距离顶壁的最高处的距离，或者说是操作孔和顶壁的最高处的最短距离。
实施例1
参见图1、图2、图3和图4所示，本申请的实施例1提供一种生态箱，同时也可作为一种具家具实用功能的生态家具，作为本申请的一个设施比较完整的具体示例，方便于完整的描述本申请的总体结构框架，当然，实施本申请的任一产品并不一定需要同时具有以下的所有附加设施。
本具体示例外形可以作为茶几，案台之类等具有实用功能的家具，生态箱结构包括透明箱体1，透明箱体1的内腔用于作为组建生态系统的空间并填充满水，其中生态系统是一个完整的闭合型水生生态系统2；本实施例中的透明箱体长度为1.6m，因此透明箱体1的顶部开有两个操作孔：主操作孔3和副操作孔4，方便于操作，其上设置有主配件：主气体室5和副气体室6，水面和空气的交接面在气体室(主气体室5和副气体室6)内。于其他实施例中，例如当箱体的长度小于或等于1m左右时，可以只设置一个操作孔和一个气体室。
透明箱体1通过底座7顶面微斜使透明箱体顶壁微斜，主气体室5尽量设置在贴近顶壁最高的一角，(因为主气体室直接设置在一角角端很困难且不美观，故本实施例主气体室设置在离角端水平距离小于或等于20cm以内也可)，使光合作用强烈时产生的氧气泡基本能自动滑入气体室，只剩最高的一角角端和相邻主操作口之间的一个气泡，可通过磁刷轻松清除，避免透明箱体1顶壁下气体层无法自动排除的问题，进一步地，角端至主气体室5开设气体引流通道12，引流通道一直延伸到和主气体室5连通，便于角端气泡自动滑入到主气体室中，进一步解决了透明箱体1顶壁角端所剩一个气泡无法自动排除的问题，从而使生态箱主体犹如一整块无暇的水晶体，增强观赏性。
气体引流通道12有凹槽型(图5)、削面型(图6)、斜面型(图7)等。更为具体的，如图5中所示，当透明箱体1内腔顶壁为一平面时，通过底座顶面微斜使透明箱体顶壁微斜(使得靠近气体室的一角最高)，便于自动排走气泡到平面最高的一角，从此角至主气体室开设一逐渐加深的凹槽，为凹槽型气体引流通道，气泡从这一角通过凹槽排到邻近的主气体室中；如图6所示，当透明箱体内腔顶部为一圆弧面时(图6)(图21)，主气体室置于圆弧面顶部的最高端，由于圆弧面顶部坡度平缓，还可以在主气体室下的主操作孔下缘周圈玻璃削面加大顶部中心区坡度，加速气泡排到主气体室，为削面型气体引流通道；如图7所示，当透明箱体内腔顶部可以不为一平面时，直接将顶板玻璃做成几片微斜面引排气泡到位于顶板玻璃最高处的主气体室，为斜板型气体引流通道。
图8至图19是生态箱的主要配件之气体室的附图，气体室根据本申请生态箱和生态家具的具体细分产品类型的功能需要，可以分为五种类型：密封型51，半密封型52，矮半密封型53，高开放型54和矮开放型55。
参照图8至图11，本实施例提供的主气体室为密封型气体室51，完全密封，用于封闭式系统的生态箱，密封型气体室51包括壳体515，壳体515的底端螺接有螺纹接口517，螺纹接口517的底部与透明箱体1的操作孔相固接或者也可以一体成型，螺纹接口517的内腔与透明箱体1的内腔相连通，壳体515与螺纹接口517之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈516，壳体515的内腔从上到下依次设置有兼用于插花的配重件511、气阀512和气囊514，配重件采用玻璃制成，配重件的内部设有若干通气孔，通气孔沿着上下方向延伸，兼具插花功能。气阀采用兼具持久弹性和透明特性的硅橡胶制成，且气囊514的外壁底端与壳体515的内壁相固接，气囊514的顶部开设有与气阀512相配合的气孔513，并且气阀512上开设有T形气道518(参看说明书图10和图11)，气阀512用顶部玻璃配重件511重力压住，当透明箱体1内植物光合作用强烈生产的氧气超出水体所能溶解的量时变成氧气泡浮起最后 汇集于气体室51，当气体气压升高压在气囊514平面面积的压力大于或等于配重件511的重力后气囊膨胀，气囊膨胀到极限后，当气体气压进一步增大在气孔面积的压力超出配重件511重力后气阀512上升(图11所示)，气阀512中的T形气道518上部开口露出气囊514之上，通过T形气道518排出过多气体释缓气压避免生态箱爆裂(图11)，排气后气压降低气阀又被配重件511重力压回落，T形气道518上部开口下降到气囊514之内，阻止继续泄气(图10所示)。由于当水中氧气过于饱和时，气囊514膨胀，当水中氧气较低时，气囊514受顶部配重件511重力所压加速使气体室中氧气融回水体，气囊514收缩，比较直观的显示出水中含氧量情况，所以密封型气体室51还起着氧气含量指示器的作用。顶部主要作为重力物功能的玻璃配重件511可以扦插芦苇荻花之类干花装饰物兼作为花瓶之功能。
参照图12至图13，示出了另一种类型的主气体室，主气体室为半密封型气体室52，高度6～50cm，半密封型气体室52包括壳体522，壳体522的顶部开设有气孔521，气孔直径一般小于或等于30mm，当气孔厚度低于10mm时，最好直径5mm～10mm之间。壳体522的底端螺接有主螺纹接口524，主螺纹接口524与透明箱体1相固接或一体成型，且主螺纹接口524的内腔与透明箱体1相连通，壳体522与主螺纹接口524之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈523防漏，半密封型气体室52是密封型气体室51的简化版，用于普及型的半密封生态箱，减轻了制作成本，方便于推广，顶部留气孔521与外界空气相连，由于氧气比空气稍重，仍可储存于半密封型气体室52腔体中，半密封型气体室52在只有一个操作孔的生态箱中加二氧化碳时还作为储存未融化于水的二氧化碳气体之用，二氧化碳更重沉于气体室52底部，而空气较轻上升排走，半密封型气体室52去除了密封型气体室51内部的配件对造型的限制，在外形上可以很自由多种多样，本身的造型可以作为艺术品摆设，美化生态箱的外观(参看说明书图12、图13及图22)；
参照图14至图15，示出了另一种类型的气体室，高度1～6cm的半密封型气体室为矮半密封型气体室53，矮半密封型气体室53是由壳体532、气孔531、螺纹接口534、透明橡胶垫圈533和透明橡胶气塞8组成，壳体532的顶部设置有透明橡胶气塞8，壳体532的顶部开设有与透明橡胶气塞8相配合的气孔531，壳体532的底端螺接有螺纹接口534，螺纹接口534的底部与透明箱体1的操作孔相固接或一体成型，且螺纹接口534的内腔与透明箱体1相连通，壳体532与螺纹接口534之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈533防漏。矮半密封型气体室53多作为有两个操作孔的配合副操作孔4用，(而高的半密封型气体式一般只配合主操作孔用)，在作为储存未融化于水的二氧化碳时用透明橡胶气塞8塞住顶部气孔531，在气体扩散器13释放CO 2气泡时，来不及溶于水的CO 2气体聚集于副气体室6(矮半密封型气体室53)，通过提高另一个操作孔3之上的主气体室5的水位形成水压，加速副气体室6里CO 2溶于水，解决了因为生态箱水位较低并没有水泵而溶解CO 2的效率比较低的问题。矮半密封型气体室53也可作为主气体室5用，其上适合摆设多种造型美观的花瓶等摆件有利于生态箱外观的美化，但如作为唯一操作孔的主气体室5时，气塞必须拔掉，以免植物光合作用强烈时生产出过多氧气使气压过大导致生态箱爆裂，氧气被消耗低时又降低气压加剧水中缺氧。
参照图16至图17，示出了另一种类型的气体室，气体室为高开放型气体室54，高度大于6cm小于50cm，高开放型气体室54包括壳体542，壳体542的底端螺接有螺纹接口544，螺纹接口544的底部与透明箱体1的操作孔相固接或一体成型，且螺纹接口544的内腔与透明箱体1的内腔相连通，壳体542与螺纹接口之间设置有透明橡胶垫圈543防漏，壳体542的顶部设置有水培植物根部夹蓝541，壳体542开口口径＞3cm，可以为圆筒型，如图16所示，也可以为多种开口较大的花瓶形态，如图17所示，顶部加水培植物根部夹蓝541，充分发挥作为花瓶的实用功能，适合培植水培植物，且更好的作为漂浮植物碎末储存室功能之用，气体室水位比生态箱主体高，一些悬浮于生态箱顶部的 落叶碎末可用磁力刷隔玻璃清扫汇聚于气体室，落叶碎末腐烂给水培植物提供了营养，同时又可培育微型水生动物作为鱼类天然饵料来源之一，当作为唯一气体室加CO 2时，水位加高至高开放型气体室上部形成足够的水深度方便于CO 2气泡融化于水(参看说明书附图中图17)；
参照图18，示出了另一种类型的气体室，为矮开放型气体室55，一般高度1～6cm，矮开放型气体室55与透明箱体1之间直接通过胶体相粘合固结或一体成型，矮开放型气体室55的内腔与透明箱体1的内腔相连通，矮开放型气体室55低矮敞口，在操作时不影响操作，无需拆卸，所以矮开放型气体室55可直接粘合在透明箱体1上或一体成型，矮开放型气体室55顶上可以放上普通玻璃碟盘等作为盖子(参看说明书附图中图22)。矮开放型气体室虽然几乎没有了其他气体室储存气体的功能，但仍然保留了气体室作为防止生态箱内水体因热膨胀水溢出生态箱外和冷收缩水位降低生态箱玻璃顶板下出现空气影响美观的基本功能。较多用于平时不加二氧化碳的有两个操作孔的生态箱配合副操作孔用，更方便于操作，很实用。
本实施例中提供的生态箱的附加设施如下所述：
本实施例中的透明箱体1的周侧设置有定时光感应补光装置，定时光感应补光装置包括备用补光灯9，备用补光灯9位于透明箱体1的上方，备用补光灯9电性连接有可调式光感应开关11，可调式光感应开关11电性连接有定时开关10，通过加设定时开关10和可调式光感应开关11，在阴雨天日间自然光不足时，自动开启备用补光灯9(以LED射灯为主)补光，通过水生植物光合作用生产氧气，从而避免缺氧，扩大了生物量和物种多样性，使其内生态系统更为繁荣丰富，观赏性更好；同时可大大减少水体量，使得透明箱体能做成超薄型(高度20cm)，更好的发挥家具实用功能，也避免了水体过重对建筑楼板负荷过大的隐患；
作为可选的，透明箱体1的底部设置有二氧化碳补充装置和定时光感应备用气泵装置，二氧化碳补充装置包括二氧化碳瓶16，二氧化碳瓶16上的输出端通过导管连通有横卧式止逆计泡器17，横卧式止逆计泡器17通过导管连通有三通23，三通23通过接口气管15连通有带止逆阀的气体扩散器13，带止逆阀防止箱体中水从气体扩散器漏出，气体扩散器13嵌合安装在透明箱体1的内腔底部，且气体扩散器13与副气体室6或主气体室5(当只有一个气体室时)相对应，便于向透明箱体1中输送CO 2气体，通过在生态箱底部使用二氧化碳补充装置，在水生生态系统2建设期依靠二氧化碳补充装置经过气体扩散器13向透明箱体1中输送CO 2，加速植物生长缩短水生生态系统2建设周期；开放式系统的生态箱可长期输送CO 2。
作为可选的，定时光感应备用气泵装置包括备用气泵22，备用气泵22的输出端通过导管与三通23相连通，备用气泵22与三通23相连通的导管上设置有止逆阀14，防止气泵停止加气时CO 2涌向气泵，备用气泵22与定时开关10、可调式光感应开关11和备用不间断电源24(选用)均电性相连接，当日间自然光不足时，又由于停电，灯具故障或被关灯等情况备用补光灯9无法起作用光照仍然过低时，通过定时开关10和可调式光感应开关11自动开启底部的备用气泵22，通过备用气泵22工作输出氧气经过止逆阀14、三通23和接口气管15输送到与二氧化碳补充装置共用的装在生态箱底部的空气扩散器13中，由空气扩散器13向透明箱体1中输送空气，作为备选保险设施，避免缺氧；
作为可选的，可以附加恒温装置，自动恒温装置包括横卧式自动恒温电热棒18、穿孔绝缘防漏塞19、温度调节器20和可插拔电源线21，穿孔绝缘防漏塞19嵌合安装在透明箱体1的底部，穿孔绝缘防漏塞19电性连接有横卧式自动恒温电热棒18，且横卧式自动恒温电热棒18位于透明箱体1的内腔底部，可插拔电源线21上设置有温度调节器20，便于对横卧式自动恒温电热棒18上的温度进行调节；通过将外置的可插拔式电源线21一端插在外界电源上，另一端插在穿孔绝缘防漏塞19中，以方便不需要时拆卸。恒温装置只是当生态箱内部生态系统为热带类型时需要，冬季开启，其他 温暖季节可拔除可插拔电源线21。
实施例2
参见图20、图21所示，本实施例提供一个茶几，形状为类椭球型，其中的透明箱体完全充满水犹如整块晶莹透彻的椭圆水晶球，内部物种丰富的生态景观通过椭圆球放大镜效果放大富于神秘感，成为客厅极具吸引人的视觉中心。是生态箱独立作为具家具实用功能的生态家具的实施例之一。
本实施例的系统为封闭式系统，内部生态系统物质循环属于封闭式，完全密封，安装了新型设有T型排气孔518的防爆气阀512的密封气体室51(参见图8至图11)，配置定时光感应补光装置，可加临时二氧化碳装置以备生态系统建设前期之用，生态系统成熟后完全密封，停止加二氧化碳，无需喂食和换水，完全不进行对外的物质输入和输出。具有完整的食物链网实行完整的生态系统物质内部循环。比我们二十年前的老一代生态家具有更好的密封性能和抗异常天气风险能力，和更为丰富多样的生物物种和生态系统景观，生态系统成熟后完全不用人工日常维护和换水，非常合适作为生态科普教具。更适合学生用以学习生态学实践实验和工作特别繁忙的用户的需求。
本实施例从造型上属于极简主义风格的茶几，简洁而清新。而椭圆外形尤其和谐于周边家具(沙发等)为异形活泼类型的艺术化现代风格室内环境。
本实施例生态类型最适合既生物物种丰富又无需冬日加温的例如华南亚热带湿地生态系统等，没有电线外露影响美观。
除了如果内部生态系统采用热带类型的在冬季无暖气的地区寒冷冬日需临时插上带温控20的电源线21穿过电线穿孔绝缘防漏塞19连接横卧式自动恒温电热棒18加温外，生态箱主体平时基本无电线外露。定时器可置于落地灯电源插座上，所连接的光感应开关置于周侧所受自然光照度和本实施例生态箱比较接近的地方。
本实例在其透明箱体1内腔顶部的最高点设气体引流通道连通主气体室5，由于本实施例顶壁的最高处平缓，所以设削面型气体引流通道(参见图6)，内腔的顶壁沿操作孔周边一圈削斜面向气体室5所在处微上斜以加速排走气泡。
实施例3
如图22，23所示，本实施例提供了另一种形状的茶几，由两个透明箱体1穿插，加上顶玻璃面板和底板组成。
本实施例系统属于半封闭式，不完全密封，安装可开启式的半密封型主气体室(图13)，半密封型主气体室造型可做成异形花瓶形态(也可以采用矮半密封型气体室或矮开放式气体室，上面摆设花瓶作为装饰。)；副操作孔上装简化型开放式气体室(图18，图19)，简单盖上玻璃碟盘等以防止水分蒸发和灰尘落入，设置定时光感应补光装置(包括9-备用补光灯、10-定时开关、11-可调式光感应开关)；不喂食，基本不修剪植物，基本不进行对外的物质输入和输出。属于封闭式生态系统物质循环。但可通过需要时旋卸主气体室52打开操作孔和通过移开矮开放式气体室顶上的玻璃碟盘，进行少量的内部生态景观修整使生态景观更为优美，生态系统成熟后无需换水。更为经济实用，更适合普通用户的需求。
本实例从造型上属于解构主义风格茶几，其特色在光线通过生态箱充满水的透明箱体1形成三棱镜般的晶莹透彻水晶体折射效果，阳光灯光照射穿过可出七彩虹光，强化了玻璃家具追求的效果，所以对内部生态景观上的要求不高，不需大的生物量。
本实例内部生态系统适合洁净简洁的小型温带亚热带贫营养型水生生态系统2。冬季无需加温， 所以也无需自动恒温设施。
本实施例虽然总长度不长，但由于有两个透明箱体1，每个箱体上都必须有操作孔和气体室，所以也需要两个操作孔3、4，和两个气体室5、6，两个凹槽型气体导流通道12(参见图5)。为了造型美观，主操作孔的螺纹接口524高度做得和顶板玻璃厚度一样高，固结于操作孔3内侧，异形花瓶状的半封闭气体室看起来仿佛直接放置在顶板玻璃上。
实施例4
参见图24，25所示，此实施例提供一个书桌，包括一个加长(2m)的超薄长方体透明箱体1和底座7，其中的底座包括了左底柜和侧边柜。是生态箱和家具附件结合的生态家具的典型实施例。
本实施例属于开放式系统，带高开放式主气体室(图17)，设置定时光感应补光装置(包括9-备用补光灯、10-定时开关、11-可调式光感应开关)，常用二氧化碳装置和定时光感应备用气泵装置，内部生态系统2物质循环属于开放式，可以适量喂食以增大鱼类种群数量，并适合长期加二氧化碳加速植物生长，并通过速生水生植物吸收富余营养盐净化水质，如果喂食量适量的话可以不换水，并靠定期修剪生长过多的速生水生植物来移走过多的营养盐，进行适量的物质输入和输出，但输入＝输出，保持营养盐的总量平衡，本实施例透明箱体长度2m，为大型有两个操作孔的开放式系统的生态箱，作为主气体室5的高开放型气体室54可以作为水培植物花瓶(图17)，而副气体室采用矮半密封气体室(图14、15)塞上透明橡胶塞作为储存未溶解于水的CO 2的功能，通过主气体室高水位形成水压加速副气体室的二氧化碳溶入水中。因为本实施例的透明箱体很薄(20cm)，所以主操作孔3的螺纹接口544做得和顶壁的玻璃厚度一样高，直接嵌入主操作孔3内不露出顶玻璃面，而不是象常规那样装在操作孔之上，避免螺纹接口544高妨碍操作时长型工具伸入透明箱体1。透明箱体1顶壁一角设凹槽型气体引流通道12(参见图5)引排气泡至主气体室5。定时补光开关 10、光感应开关11可安装在墙上，配常用二氧化碳装置(包括13-带止逆筏的气体扩散器、16-二氧化碳瓶、17-横卧式止逆计泡器、23-三通)和定时光感应备用气泵装置22，由于本实施例的透明箱体超薄，水体量相对比例少容纳氧气量也少，因此在植物量尚少的生态系统建设期间，或炎热夏季以及生物总量比例过高的情况下，可通过定时光感应开关10，和可调式光感应开关11在夜间自动打开备用气泵22防止缺氧，以及可由光感应开关连通加设在二氧化碳瓶16上的电磁阀夜间自动关闭二氧化碳释放，白天自动开启。此类开放型系统可以适量喂食，鱼类等水生种群数量丰富，并可长期加二氧化碳加速植物生长，内部生物群落最为繁荣丰富多样，景观最为优美，通过移走生长过多的速生植物提走多余营养盐。可以更直观的让人们理解生态系统的物质循环，让人们了解湿地生态系统净化水质奥秘。也更适合水族爱好者的需求。
本实施例造型上属于结构主义风格的桌子，此类适合作为书桌，休闲桌，餐桌等桌类功能的生态箱，主体透明箱体1需要超薄型以减轻重量以及保证桌面下空间适合人腿部舒适伸展，并与底柜等和谐组合。适合置于窗边，充分利用自然光，也更适合多角度观赏。
本实施例生态系统2适合采用南亚东南亚湿地生态系统。南亚东南亚有物种非常丰富的低矮而美丽的天南星科(Araceae)隐棒花属(俗称椒草)和辣椒榕属(Bucephalandra)水生植物，则非常适合这种超薄型生态箱内空间。而一些天南星科水生植物需生活在高二氧化碳的水环境，开放式系统长期加二氧化碳提供了它们理想的生息环境，物种丰富多样，生态系统最为繁荣昌盛，具有非常优美的生态景观。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书 中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本申请优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本申请。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该申请仅为的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本申请的原理和实际应用，本申请仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种生态箱，其特征在于，包括透明箱体和主气体室，所述透明箱体的内腔用于建构水生生态系统并完全填充满水，所述透明箱体的顶壁具有主操作孔，所述主操作孔距离所述顶壁的最高处0cm～20cm；所述主操作孔上设置主气体室，所述主气体室通过所述主操作孔和所述透明箱体内腔连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述透明箱体的所述顶壁设有气体引流通道，所述气体引流通道的一端延伸至所述主气体室，以引排气泡至所述主气体室内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述透明箱体的周侧设置有定时光感应补光装置，所述定时光感应补光装置包括备用补光灯，所述备用补光灯位于透明箱体的上方，所述备用补光灯电性连接有可调式光感应开关，所述可调式光感应开关电性连接有定时开关。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述主气体室为密封型气体室，所述密封型气体室包括圆筒型壳体、玻璃配重件、气囊及内设有T形气道的透明橡胶气阀，所述圆筒型壳体的底端螺纹接头和固定在所述透明箱体顶壁主操作孔边缘的螺纹接口相连接，螺纹接头和螺纹接口的交接处设置有透明橡胶垫圈防漏，所述透明橡胶气阀和所述气囊均设于所述圆筒型壳体内，所述气囊的底端密封住所述主操作孔并且所述气囊和所述透明箱体的内腔连通，所述气囊的顶部开设有与所述透明橡胶气阀相配合的气孔，所述透明橡胶气阀内开设有T型气道，所述T型气道具有底部开口和上部开口，所述密封型气体室包括两种状态，分别为封闭状态和放气状态，气囊内的气压变化和玻璃配重件重力相互作用使透明橡胶气阀的上下移动来实现两种状态的切换；
    其中，封闭状态是基本状态，所述密封型气体室处于封闭状态时，所述T型气道的底部开口和所述T型气道的上部开口都和气囊连通，所述透明橡胶气阀密封住所述气囊；放气状态是特殊状态，所述密封型气体室处于放气状态时，所述T型气道上部开口和外界连通从而使气囊和所述外界通过所述气道连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述主气体室为半密封型气体室，所述半密封型气体室的高度大于6cm，所述半密封型气体室包括壳体，所述壳体的底端通过螺纹接头和固着于所述透明箱体的顶壁的主操作孔的螺纹接口相螺接，螺纹接头和螺纹接口的交接处设透明橡胶垫圈防漏，所述壳体围成的内腔和所述主操作孔连通，所述壳体的顶部开设有口径小于或等于3cm的小孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述主气体室为矮半密封型气体室，所述矮半密封型气体室的高度小于或等于6cm，所述矮半密封型气体室包括壳体，所述壳体的底端的螺纹接头和固着于所述透明箱体的顶壁的主操作孔的螺纹接口相螺接，螺纹接头和螺纹接口的交接处设透明橡胶垫圈防漏，所述壳体围成的内腔和所述透明箱体的内腔相连通，所述壳体的顶部开设有口径小于或等于1cm的小孔，所述小孔内可拆卸地设有透明橡胶气塞。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述主气体室为高开放型气体室，所述高开放型气体室的高度大于6cm，所述高开放型气体室包括壳体，所述壳体的底端螺纹接头和固着于所述透明箱体的顶壁的主操作孔的螺纹接口相螺结，螺纹接头和螺纹接口的交接处设透明橡胶垫圈防漏，所述壳体围成的内腔和所述透明箱体的内腔相连通，所述壳体的顶部具有开口，所述开口的口径大于3cm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述主气体室为矮开放型气体室，所述矮开放型气体室的高度小于或等于6cm，所述矮开放型气体室包括壳体，所述壳体的形状为矮圆筒型或矮方筒型，所述矮开放型气体室与透明箱体的主操作孔边缘之间直接相固接，且所述矮开放型气体室的内腔与透明箱体的内腔相连通。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的生态箱，其特征在于，所述透明箱体的底侧设置有二氧化碳补充装置和定时光感应备用气泵装置，所述二氧化碳补充装置包括二氧化碳瓶，所述二氧化碳瓶的输出端通过导管连通有横卧式止逆计泡器，所述横卧式止逆计泡器通过导管连通有三通，所述三通通过接口气管连通有设有止逆阀的气体扩散器，所述气体扩散器嵌合安装在透明箱体的底部，气体扩散器通过三通还与所述定时光感应备用气泵装置相连接；所述定时光感应备用气泵装置包括备用气泵，所述备用气泵的输出端通过导管与三通相连通，所述备用气泵与三通相连通的导管上设置有止逆阀，所述备用气泵与定时开关、可调式光感应开关和备用不间断电源均电性相连接。
  10. 一种生态家具，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至9中任一所述的一种生态箱；
    家具附件，和所述生态箱连接。
PCT/CN2022/101035 2021-06-29 2022-06-24 生态箱和生态家具 WO2023274053A1 (zh)

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CN2533665Y (zh) * 2002-03-26 2003-02-05 朱建兵 活鱼装养箱
CN203105352U (zh) * 2013-03-02 2013-08-07 姜珊 鱼缸桌子
CN205454881U (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 柳琼 一种智能生态微景观培植系统
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