WO2023247562A1

WO2023247562A1 - Bullet with circumferential and/or longitudinal groove

Info

Publication number: WO2023247562A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/066679
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Biedermann
Original assignee: Swissp Defence Ag
Priority date: 2022-06-20
Filing date: 2023-06-20
Publication date: 2023-12-28
Also published as: DE102022115219A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bullet (1), in particular a full-metal-jacket bullet or a semi-jacketed bullet, for munition for example with a calibre of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partly hollow or solid bullet body (3) with a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13) arranged on its inner and/or outer surface, merging into the adjacent inner and/or outer surfaces of the bullet body without any abrupt changes in contour and/or having a radius of at least 0.05 mm.

Description

Bullet with circumferential and/or longitudinal groove

The present invention relates to a bullet, in particular a full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, preferably with a caliber of less than 20 mm, in particular less than 13 mm. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a tool, a system and a method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a bullet blank in order to produce a bullet according to the invention in particular.

Bullets can be equipped with various functional grooves, e.g. fixation or holding grooves, relief grooves to reduce abrasion in the firearm barrel, deformation grooves as predetermined breaking points in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the bullet, or knurling grooves, for example for haptic purposes.

Functional grooves running in the circumferential direction, such as the engagement groove for the sleeve mouth, are usually produced on complex tool stations with different tool arrangements, for example by transverse rolling or transverse wedge rolling. For example, military full jacket bullets are grooved in order to press the case mouth into the groove (crimp). This means that the bullet is held better in the case, which is particularly advantageous in automatic weapons as it can reduce the amount of pressure the projectile has into the case.

However, the complex tool system structure and the large number of tool parts have proven to be disadvantageous in the known methods. In particular, with the known methods for introducing functional grooves into the projectile body, it is not possible to easily increase the cycle number increase, which has a negative impact on profitability, for example in mass production. In addition, it has been found that when the bullet is rolled transversely to introduce circumferential grooves, for example, a noticeable transition occurs from the outer circumference of the bullet into the groove, which can have a detrimental effect on the performance of the bullet, for example on the interaction with the tensile field Profile of a firearm barrel.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular to produce functional grooves in projectiles in a manner that is simpler in terms of manufacturing technology, in particular reducing the impairment of the performance of the projectile by the functional grooves.

The task is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.

Thereafter, a projectile for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular at most 13 mm, is provided. The bullet can be a full jacket bullet or a partial jacket bullet. The bullet can be made of brass (for example CuZn o), copper, tombac (for example CuZnio or CuZns) or steel, in particular plated or coated steel. However, the bullet can also be made of aluminum or tin.

The projectile according to the invention comprises a projectile body which can be solid or at least partially hollow. The projectile body can have a projectile rear and a projectile front, which has a cavity that is open in the firing direction and is delimited by a projectile wall. The projectile body has an outer surface that is oriented towards the surroundings. If the projectile body has a hollow section, the projectile body also has an inner surface which can be arranged on a projectile wall delimiting the cavity.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the inner and/or outer surface of the projectile body is provided with at least one circumferential and/or longitudinal groove, which merges into the adjacent projectile body inner and/or outer surfaces without any contour jumps and/or which has a radius of at least 0 .05 mm, in particular of at most 0.1 mm. The circumferential and/or longitudinal groove, In particular, the base of the groove has a reduced diameter compared to the caliber of the bullet and the interior and/or exterior surfaces of the bullet body adjacent to the groove. The groove can be, for example, an engagement groove for the sleeve mouth that runs completely around the circumference. Longitudinal grooves that extend in the longitudinal direction can be, for example, deformation and/or relief grooves. Preferably, the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove is introduced by grooves, in particular circumferential grooves or longitudinal grooves. Due to the absence of contour jumps and/or the large radius of the groove, there is little material displacement on the bullet surface, which can lead to local increases in hardness and material stress. The grooves produced in this way can also be produced at a higher production speed, which means that the number of cycles in the production of projectiles according to the invention can be increased, so that overall a more cost-effective projectile can be produced. The resulting smooth transition between the bullet surfaces and the groove reduces the influence of the existing groove on the performance of the bullet.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a bullet, in particular a full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, is provided for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm. The bullet can be made of brass (for example CuZn o), copper, tombac (for example CuZnio or CuZns) or steel, in particular plated or coated steel. However, the bullet can also be made of aluminum or tin. The projectile comprises an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body with a circumferential groove arranged on its inner and / or outer surface, in the course of which several radial projections extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile, which can be referred to as flags, are arranged at a particularly constant distance from one another, and /or a longitudinal groove, in the course of which several radial projections extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another. Particularly in the case of functional grooves that serve as holding or gripping grooves, for example for the sleeve mouth, the projections have a positive effect on the holding or fastening force. The spaced apart radial projections can in particular With appropriately structured components to be connected, a positive and/or non-positive connection can be achieved. In the case of deformation grooves with which a desired deformation of the bullet is to be achieved, the deformation behavior can be fine-tuned using the radial projections. For example, a predefined gradual deformation can be achieved due to the wall thickness varying over the course of the groove, and thus a resistance force against deformation.

In an exemplary embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, the radial projections have a width of at most 0.2 mm measured in the direction of extension of the groove and/or are dimensioned such that they extend less than 0.03 mm beyond the respective adjacent projectile body interior and/or exterior surfaces preside. This ensures that they do not negatively affect the performance of the bullet, in particular, for example, the barrel abrasion and/or the press-through resistance through the firearm barrel.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, there is a tool, in particular a grooving tool, for introducing circumferential and/or longitudinal cracks into a bullet blank, in particular a metallic bullet blank, in particular according to one to produce a projectile designed according to the previously described aspects and/or exemplary embodiments. The tool according to the invention can be set up to be used in a system according to the invention, in particular a scoring station, and/or to interact with a punch-die arrangement in order to score the bullet blank.

The tool according to the invention comprises an elongated, in particular rotation-shaped, hollow body, in particular a sleeve body, for receiving the projectile blank. Alternatively, the hollow body can be inserted into a cavity in the projectile body. The hollow body can be coordinated at least in sections with respect to the bullet blank shape, in particular designed to complement it in shape. For example, the hollow body can comprise an ogivoid-shaped receiving area in which the projectile blank can be at least partially inserted and in particular can be held. The hollow body has an inwardly or outwardly projecting, in particular circumferential, grooved nose. The groove nose is designed to press the groove into the bullet blank. The groove nose is arranged in particular in the area of the bullet blank holder of the hollow body.

According to the further aspect of the invention, the hollow body is slotted in the longitudinal direction in such a way that when a force is applied from the outside, if the groove nose is arranged on the inside, or from the inside, if the groove nose is arranged on the outside, the hollow body is in particular elastically deformable, in particular compressible or expandable is that the groove nose can press the circumferential and/or longitudinal cracks into the bullet blank. When the hollow body is deformed, a particularly elastic deformation restoring force develops, which results in the hollow body being reusable after a creasing process and/or returning to its original shape. The pressing force is exerted on the tool from the outside, and a deformation of the hollow body is made possible via the slot in the hollow body, so that the pressing force can be exerted or transmitted to the bullet blank via the grooved nose in order to deform it, whereby the circumferential and /or longitudinal cracks are introduced. The tool according to the invention is characterized, among other things, by the fact that it has a simple structure and fewer individual parts. It can be integrated into a transfer tool or into a station of a transfer press and can be used at a single creasing station, in particular according to the invention. Because the tool is easy to use in terms of manufacturing technology, high cycle rates can be generated, so that the tool is also well suited for mass-produced parts. The tool is also characterized by its compactness. Overall, it needs to be dimensioned only slightly larger than the bullet blanks to be processed. The outer dimension of the tool is in the range of 30-50%, in particular in the range of 35-45%, larger than the outer diameter of the bullet blank to be machined.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the hollow body has a plurality of through slots, in particular arranged at a constant distance from one another, extending in the longitudinal direction of the hollow body, and a plurality of bending wings each separated by two through slots. The bending wings can have the same shape and/or dimensions. A bending wing is used in each case limited by two through slots. The through slots are to be understood as meaning that the slot extends completely through from the outer surface of the hollow body to the inner surface of the hollow body, which delimits the hollow space.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the through slots extend, starting from a particularly open groove end of the hollow body, over at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, 70% or 80%, of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body up to a respective slot base, at its axial height In each case a bending joint is fixed, around which an associated bending wing can be pivoted in particular elastically. Viewed in the circumferential direction of the hollow body, the slot base of the through slots and the bending joint of the bending wings alternate in particular evenly. When force is applied to the hollow body to deform the hollow body in order to press the grooved nose into the bullet blank, the bending wings pivot about their respective bending joint, in particular elastically.

In an exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, the groove nose is arranged in the area of the groove end. The through slots can divide the groove nose into several segments distributed in the circumferential direction. For example, the slotting of the hollow body in the case of an inside grooved nose causes compression of the hollow body as a result of the external force, so that the grooved nose segments approach each other, in particular by the extent of the through-slots. This amplitude of movement of the bending wings in the area of the groove end, especially in the area of the groove nose, determines the depth of the circumferential or longitudinal groove.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the through slots extend over at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, 70% or 80% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body such that an unslotted section is formed on both end sides, in particular opening sides, of the hollow body. The unslotted section can extend per end side of the hollow body by at least 5% of its longitudinal extent from the end face of the hollow body. An advantage of designing the hollow body with two unslotted end sections compared to the slotted design is, in particular, that the hollow body has a higher stability or strength, which means that a greater longevity can be expected.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, each through slot opens into a slot base on both sides, at the axial height of which a bending joint is fixed, around which an associated bending wing can be pivoted, in particular elastically. With regard to the functionality of the bending wings and in particular the bending joint, reference can be made to the previous statements. In contrast to the slotted hollow body variant, in the hollow body variant with the unprotected sections at the ends, the force applied from the outside to deform the hollow body is divided into two bending joints per bending wing. Similar to the previous version, the bending wings basically work in a similar way to the functional principle of leaf spring elements.

In a further exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, each through slot opens into two opposite slot bases and the groove nose is arranged in the range of 20% to 80% of a distance, in particular in the range of 40% to 60%, preferably centrally, between the two slot bases. Depending on the positioning of the groove nose, the load on the respective bending joints can be adjusted or adapted.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the bending joints are made in one piece with the respective associated bending wing. In particular, the hollow body is made entirely from one piece, in particular from one piece of metal. The hollow body can, for example, be made from a blank by turning with subsequent heat treatment and finished by grinding and, if necessary, die-sinking. The slots can then be made by wire erosion with a wire diameter of approx. 0.1 mm. For example, the bending joints are designed as film hinges and/or work at least according to the functional principle of a film hinge, without a local reduction in wall thickness compared to the rest of the bending wing being necessary.

According to an exemplary development of the tool according to the invention, the hollow body has an abutment, such as one in particular, approximately at the axial height of the groove nose circumferential projection, in particular annular projection, which can be acted upon with a force for deforming the hollow body, in particular for preferably elastic pivoting of the bending wings, in particular around their bending joints. The abutment can be designed as a defined stop for a punch-die arrangement, for example of a system according to the invention, or can work together, so that in the event of a coordinated relative movement between the tool and the punch-die arrangement, the punch-die arrangement comes into engagement with the abutment , whereupon the deformation of the hollow body is initiated.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a system, in particular a creasing station, is provided for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove in a bullet blank, in particular in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary designs to produce a projectile.

The system according to the invention comprises a tool designed in particular according to one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments, such as a scoring tool which has a scoring nose with which the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove can be introduced into the bullet blank. With regard to the tool, reference can be made to the previous statements.

Furthermore, the system according to the invention includes a punch-die arrangement for holding the projectile blank.

According to the further aspect of the present invention, the tool and the punch-die arrangement are coordinated with one another and/or the tool and the punch-die arrangement can interact in such a way that the punch-die arrangement is the tool for introducing the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove in the projectile blank can deform, in particular compress or expand, in particular elastically. For example, the force required to deform the tool, which in turn causes the groove to be introduced into the bullet blank, is caused by the interaction of the punch-die arrangement with the tool. According to an exemplary development of the system according to the invention, the die has a particularly shape-adapted receptacle for the projectile blank and the punch has a driver which is assigned to the tool in such a way that in the event of a particularly translational relative movement of the die and punch, the driver exerts a pressure or pressing force on the tool to deform it. The deformation of the tool in turn has the effect that the force necessary for grooving the bullet blank, in particular deformation force, is available. When using the system according to the invention, no rotating storage of the projectile blank and/or a component of the system is necessary in order to groove the projectile blank; a translational relative movement between the punch and the die is sufficient.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the system according to the invention, the stamp, in particular the driver, has a conical guide surface via which a continuously increasing pressure or pressing force can be generated. During the translatory relative movement of the die and punch, in particular when the die and die move into one another or apart, the driver increasingly wedges itself into one of the die surfaces assigned to it by means of its conical guide surface, so that the force, in particular deformation force, necessary to deform the bullet blank to introduce the groove, is continuous is constructed.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove into a bullet blank is provided, in particular a scoring method, in particular according to one of the previously described aspects or .To produce a projectile designed according to exemplary designs.

In the method according to the invention, a projectile blank is inserted into a tool designed in particular according to the invention, in particular a system designed according to the invention, and it is caused by a particularly elastic deformation, in particular compression or expansion, of the tool Bullet blank locally grooved, in particular crushed, to form circumferential and/or longitudinal cracks.

Preferred embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Further properties, features and advantages of the invention will become clear below by describing preferred embodiments of the invention using the accompanying exemplary drawings, in which:

Figure i is a schematic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;

Figure 3 shows the tool from Figure 2 in a sectional view;

Figure 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an inventive

tools;

Figure 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an inventive

tools;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention before grooving a bullet blank;

Figure 7 shows the system from Figure 6 during the grooving of the bullet blank;

Figure 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention;

Figure 9 is a detailed view of area IX of the floor from Figure 8;

Figure io shows a detailed view of the area X of the projectile from Figure 8;

Figure ii shows a further exemplary embodiment of a tool according to the invention;

Figure 12 is a detailed view of area XII of the tool from Figure 11; Figure 13 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; and

Figure 14 shows the bullet from Figure 13 in a view from the direction of the tip of the bullet.

In the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a projectile according to the invention is generally designated by reference number 1, a tool according to the invention for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal crack in a projectile blank is generally designated by reference number 10, and a system according to the invention for introducing a circumferential crack. and/or longitudinal cracks in a bullet blank are generally provided with the reference number 100.

Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a system 100 according to the invention. The system 100 according to the invention is used to produce a projectile 1 according to the invention, which is also shown in Figure 1.

The bullet 1 can in particular be a full jacket bullet or a partial jacket bullet. The projectile 1 comprises a projectile body 3, which has a cylindrical projectile tail 5 and an ogive-shaped projectile bow 7. The projectile body 3 can be solid or have a cavity (not shown) in the projectile bow 7 that is open in the direction of a projectile tip 9, so that the projectile body 3 is hollow in sections. On an outside 11 of the projectile 1, a circumferential groove 13 is pressed in, which has a smaller diameter than the outside 11 of the projectile 1. The circumferential groove 13 can be provided, for example, as an engagement groove for the case mouth of a case.

The system 100 for producing the projectile 1 according to the invention from a projectile blank comprises the following main components: a tool 10 according to the invention and a punch-die arrangement 15, which cooperates with the tool 10 according to the invention or is coordinated with it in order to form the circumferential groove 13 into one Insert the bullet blank. The punch-die arrangement 15 comprises a punch 17 and a die 19, which can be moved translationally relative to one another in a pressing direction P. In Figure 1, the die 19 is designed to be rotational and has two shoulders on an outer side 21, at which the outer diameter of the die 19 changes suddenly. Viewed from an underside 23 of the die 19 in the direction of an upper side 25 of the die 19 facing the stamp 17, a first shoulder 27 serves as an axial support surface for the tool 10 according to the invention. Further in the direction of the upper side 25, a second shoulder 29 is provided, which This results in an air gap 31 existing between the outside 21 of the die 19 and the tool 10 according to the invention, which enables the tool 10 according to the invention to be compressed in the radial direction, transverse to the pressing direction P, and to be elastically deformed or compressed. Between the paragraph 27 and the paragraph 29, the tool 10 according to the invention rests flatly on the outside 21 of the die 19 and is thus fixed to the die 19 in the pressing direction P and in the radial direction. On the top 25 of the die 19 there is a receptacle 33 for holding the blank bullet or the finished bullet 1. The receptacle 33 is adapted to the shape of the projectile bow 7 and is therefore ogive-shaped.

The stamp 17 is also designed to be rotation-shaped in FIG. 1 and has a cavity 37 on an end face 35 facing the die 19. The cavity 37 and a wall 39 of the stamp 17 delimiting the cavity 37 are dimensioned such that at least one side of the tool 10 facing the stamp is received in the cavity 39 and is compressed radially by the wall 39 when the stamp 17 continues in the pressing direction P is moved in the direction of the die 19 and the stamp 17 and the die 19 move into one another. Starting from the end face 35, the cavity 37 is initially formed by a conical wall section 41 and then merges into a cylindrical wall section 43. When the stamp 17 moves in the pressing direction P, the conical wall section 41 exerts a continuously increasing pressure force in the radial direction on the tool 10. The conical wall section 41 can thus be referred to as a conical guide surface.

The structure of a tool 10 according to the invention for introducing a circumferential groove into the outside 11 of a bullet blank is described below using the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 2 and 3. The tool 10 comprises an elongated, sleeve-shaped hollow body 45, which is made from one piece, for example from metal. The hollow body 45 is hollow cylindrical and has a hollow body wall 47 with a constant wall thickness, which delimits a cylindrical cavity 49. The wall thickness can be approximately 2 mm, for example. On an end face 51 or a groove end 51 of the hollow body 45, a circumferential groove lug 53 is formed, which protrudes from the hollow body wall 47 into the interior of the hollow body 45. For example, the groove nose 53 can protrude approximately 4 mm into the interior of the hollow body 45 in the radial direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the tool 10. In the embodiment in Figures 2 and 3, the groove nose 53 has a rounding 55 at the end, so that a groove with a round cross-section can be created.

The hollow body 45 has a plurality of through slots 57 oriented in the longitudinal direction L. The through slots 57 extend in the radial direction completely through the entire hollow body wall 47 and through the groove nose 53 and divide these completely into several, separate segments 58 in the area of the groove nose 53 or bending wings 59 in the area of the hollow body wall 47. In other words, they extend the through slots 57 over the entire wall thickness of the hollow body 45 from an outside of the hollow body 45 to an inside of the hollow body 45. In the longitudinal direction L, the through slots 57 extend from the groove end 51 in a straight line by at least 50% of a longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45 and each end in a slot base 61. At the axial height of the slot base 61, each bending wing 59 has a bending joint 63. Because the hollow body 45 is formed in one piece, the bending joints 63 are each formed in one piece with the associated bending wing 59 and designed as film hinges. When the tool 10 is compressed at the groove end 51 or in the area of the groove nose 53, the bending wings 59 can each be elastically pivoted about the bending joint 63 assigned to them. At a hollow body end 65 opposite the groove end 51, an unprotected section 67 is provided, with which the tool 10 in Figure 1 rests on the die 19 of the system 100 according to the invention.

In the exemplary embodiment in Figures 2 and 3, a total of 20 through slots 57 and thus 20 bending wings 59 are formed, which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and arranged at a constant distance from one another. The Bending wings 59 are delimited in the circumferential direction by two through slots 57 and are all of the same dimensions and the same shape. It is clear that more or fewer than 20 through slots can also be provided. Preferably between 12 and 36 through slots can be provided. For example, the width of the through slots can be between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm.

To introduce a groove into a bullet blank, the bullet blank is pushed from the groove end 51 of the tool 10 in the longitudinal direction L into the cavity 49 of the hollow body 45 so far that the point of the bullet blank at which the groove is to be inserted is in the longitudinal direction L is positioned at the axial height of the groove nose 53. When a force is applied from outside, the bending wings 59 pivot elastically around the respective bending joint 63 and are elastically deformed or compressed, so that the segments 58 of the grooved nose 53 are pressed together in the radial direction and approach one another by the width of the through slots 57. As a result, the segments 58 of the groove nose 53 press into the bullet blank material and press the desired groove. Thus, thanks to the tool 10 according to the invention, no rotation between the tool 10 and the bullet blank is necessary in order to groove the bullet blank. As soon as the external force no longer acts, the bending wings 59 return to their original shape due to the deformation restoring force generated by the elastic deformation and the finished projectile 1 can be removed from the tool 10.

In the case of a bullet blank with a cavity in the nose of the bullet, provision can also be made for a groove to be made on the inside of a wall of the bullet blank that delimits the cavity. The tool according to the invention is then inserted into the cavity of the bullet blank. In this embodiment, the groove nose is arranged on the outside of the slotted hollow body and preferably projects outwards perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. To press the groove, a force is applied to the tool from the inside using a conical stamp, for example, so that the bending wings expand elastically and create an inside groove in the bullet blank on the inside of the wall.

4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of one according to the invention

Tool 10 shown. The tool 10 in Figure 4 differs from that Tool in Figures 2 and 3 that on the hollow body end 65 a radially outwardly projecting, circumferential projection 69 is provided, which leads to a larger contact surface of the tool 10 on the die 19 of a system 100 according to the invention and additionally a contact surface opposite the hollow body end 65 71 provides for further components of the system 100. The tool 10 also differs in that an abutment 73 in the form of a circumferential annular projection is provided at the axial height of the groove nose 53, at the groove end 51. In this embodiment, the force is applied from outside to the annular projection 73 to elastically deform the tool 10. The annular projection 73 serves as a defined stop, for example for the punch-die arrangement 15. The tool 10 also differs in that there is no rounding at the end of the groove nose 53, but a flat surface 56. Thus, a groove pressed with the tool 10 according to the embodiment in FIG. 4 has a rectangular cross section.

Figure 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a tool 10 according to the invention, which differs from the previous embodiments in that an unslotted section 67 is also provided on the end face 51 of the hollow body 45. Both unslotted sections 67 extend by more than 5% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45 from the respective end of the hollow body 45 in the longitudinal direction L towards the center of the hollow body 45. In this embodiment, the through slots 57 each open into two opposite slot bases 61. Each bending wing 59 therefore has two opposing bending joints 63 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the through slots 57 are arranged centrally on the hollow body 45 in the longitudinal direction L and extend over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body 45. The groove nose 53 and the abutment 73 are in the longitudinal direction L in the middle between the two slot bases in this embodiment 61 arranged. Due to the additional unslotted section 67 on the end face 51 and the two bending joints 61 per bending wing 59, the hollow body 45 has greater stability or strength, which increases the longevity of the tool 10.

6 and 7 show a further embodiment of a system 100 according to the invention, with the system 100 in FIG. 6 before the introduction of a circumferential groove 13 into a projectile blank 2 and in FIG is shown. The system 100, like the system in Figure 1, includes a tool 10 according to the invention, a stamp 17 and a die 19.

The die 19 essentially corresponds to the die 19 from FIG. 1, but differs in that only one shoulder 27 is provided on the outside 21 of the die 19, on which the tool 10 rests. The reason for this is that on the tool 10 used in FIG possible, so that no further paragraph is required.

In this embodiment, the die 19 stands on a base plate 75 of the system 100. On the base plate 75, a receptacle 77 with a cylindrical through hole 79, in which the die 19 and the tool 10 are arranged, is also fastened, for example with screws. Two shoulders are provided in the through hole 79, at which the diameter of the through hole 79 changes suddenly. A first paragraph 81, viewed from the direction of the base plate 75, serves to fix a holder 83 for the die 19 and the tool 10. The holder 83 rests on the shoulder 69 of the tool 10 and thus presses the tool 10 and the die 19 against the base plate 75. A spring 85 rests on the holder 83, which biases a pressure piece 87 against the pressing direction P. Contrary to the pressing direction P, the movement of the pressure piece 87 is limited by a second shoulder 89 of the through hole 79.

To introduce a circumferential groove 13 into the bullet blank 2, the bullet blank 2 must first be placed in the receptacle 33 of the die 19. For this purpose, a two-part punch 91 is provided, which rests on the top and bottom of the bullet blank and can be moved in the pressing direction P relative to the die 19 and the punch 17. When the bullet blank 2 is in the receptacle 33, the punch 17 is moved towards the die 19 in the pressing direction P. The stamp 17 presses with the end face 35 against the pressure piece 87 and moves it against the biasing force of the spring 85 in the pressing direction P. As a result, the pressure piece 87 is pushed over the tool 10 and compresses it in the radial direction. As in As explained with reference to Figures 2 and 3, the groove nose 53 of the tool 10 presses a circumferential groove 13 into the outside 11 of the bullet blank 2.

After grooving, the stamp 17 is moved back against the pressing direction P and the spring 85 also presses the pressure piece 87 away from the tool 10 against the pressing direction P, which thereby returns to its original shape. With the help of the stamp 91, the finished projectile 1 can then be moved out of the receptacle 33 and removed.

It can be provided that the pressure piece 87 is driven with a drive (not shown) in such a way that it carries out an eccentric movement during the pressing process. This can ensure that the groove is reliably inserted along the entire circumference of the bullet blank.

8 shows a projectile 1 according to the invention with a circumferential groove 13 introduced into the outside 11. With reference to FIGS a tool 10 according to the invention was produced by pressing. It should be clear that the statements also apply in the same way to a longitudinal crack produced with a tool according to the invention.

In this embodiment, the circumferential groove 13 has a round cross section. At the transition 93 between the circumferential groove 13 and the outer wall 11 of the projectile 1, a radius of at least 0.05 mm is formed. The transition 93 between the circumferential groove 13 and the outer wall 11 is therefore designed to be free of contour jumps and has no edge, as occurs with rolled grooves in the prior art (shown in dashed lines in Figure 9). The transition 93 is more uniform in the projectile 1 according to the invention, so that the performance or flight characteristics of the projectile 1 are not impaired by the circumferential groove 13. When pressing the groove with the tool 10 according to the invention, the individual bending wings 59 and thereby the segments 58 of the groove nose 53 are pressed against one another or moved towards one another as described. Before the segments 58 are completely in contact with one another, however, bullet blank material penetrates between the segments 58, several of which are at a constant distance, which is the width in the circumferential direction of the segments 58 of the grooved nose 53 corresponds to mutually arranged radial projections 95, which can also be referred to as flags, is formed. Such a radial projection 95 is shown schematically in FIG. The radial projections 95 extend in the longitudinal direction of the projectile LG and thus perpendicular to the circumferential groove 13. The radial projections 95 have a width B oriented in the direction of extension of the groove of at most 0.2 mm and a depth T in the radial direction of less than 0.03 mm. The radial projections 95 therefore protrude beyond the outer surface 11 of the projectile 1 by a maximum of 0.03 mm.

A further exemplary embodiment of a tool 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. This differs from the previous tools in the shape of the groove nose 53. This essentially has a flat surface 56, like the tool from Figure 4. In addition, on the side 99 of the groove nose 53 facing away from the groove end 51, there is a conically shaped section 101 continuously decreasing inner diameter. In principle, any other shapes of the groove nose and/or projections or depressions on the groove nose are also possible in order to produce grooves with a desired geometry. Furthermore, the tool 10 according to FIGS. 11 and 12 differs in that the wall 47 of the hollow body 45 does not have the same wall thickness over the entire longitudinal extent. At the hollow body end 65, the hollow body 45 in this embodiment has a significantly greater wall thickness, which can increase the strength of the tool 10 and can serve as a support surface for further components of a system 100 according to the invention. An inside shoulder 97 is also provided on the hollow body end 65, with which the tool 10 can be attached, for example, to a die or a base plate of a system 100.

A further embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. In this embodiment, the projectile 1 has six longitudinal cracks 14, which are pressed into the outside 11 of the projectile bow 7 and extend in the longitudinal direction LG of the projectile 1. The longitudinal grooves 14 are arranged at a constant distance from one another and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The longitudinal grooves 14 can be, for example, deformation and/or relief grooves. It It should be clear that one or more circumferential grooves 13 can also be provided on the projectile in FIGS. 13 and 14 in addition to the longitudinal grooves 14.

The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be important both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the invention in the various embodiments.

Reference symbol list

1 bullet io tool

100 facility

2 bullet blank

3 bullet bodies

5 storey rear

7 storey bow

9 bullet point

11 Bullet body exterior

13 circumferential groove

14 longitudinal groove

15 punch-die arrangement

17 stamps

19 die

21 Die outside

23 Die bottom

25 die top

27 paragraph

29 paragraph

31 air gap

33 recording

35 stamp face

37 cavity

39 wall

41 conical wall section

43 cylindrical wall section

45 hollow bodies

47 hollow body wall

49 cavity

51 groove ends

53 grooved nose 55 rounding

56 area

57 through slot

58 segments

59 bending wings

61 Schlitzgrund

63 bending joint

65 hollow body end

67 unprotected section

69 paragraph

71 support surface

73 ring lead

75 base plate

77 recording

79 through hole

81 paragraph

83 bracket

85 feather

87 pressure piece

89 paragraph

91 printing stamps

93 groove transition

95 radial projection

97 paragraph

99 grooved nose end

101 conical section

L longitudinal direction

LG bullet longitudinal direction

P pressing direction

Claims

EXPECTATIONS

1. Projectile (i), in particular full jacket bullet or partial jacket bullet, for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body (3) with an on its inner and / or outer surface (11) arranged circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14), which merges into the adjacent projectile body inner and/or outer surfaces (11) without any contour jumps and/or which has a radius of at least 0.05 mm.

2. Projectile (1), in particular according to claim 1, in particular full jacket projectile or partial jacket projectile, for ammunition, for example with a caliber of at most 20 mm, in particular of at most 13 mm, comprising an at least partially hollow or solid projectile body (3) with an inside - and/or outer surface (11) arranged circumferential groove (13), in the course of which several radial projections (95) extending in the longitudinal direction (LG) of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another, and/or a longitudinal groove (14), in the course of which a plurality of radial projections (95) extending transversely to the longitudinal direction (LG) of the projectile are arranged at a particular constant distance from one another.

3. Projectile (1) according to claim 2, wherein the radial projections (95) have a width (B) of at most 0.2 mm and / or protrude in the radial direction less than 0.03 mm beyond the inner or outer surface (11).

4. Tool (10), in particular a scoring tool, for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a projectile blank (2) in order to produce a projectile (1) designed in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an elongated hollow body (45), in particular sleeve body, for receiving the bullet blank (2) or for inserting it into a cavity of the bullet blank (2) with an inwardly or outwardly projecting, in particular circumferential, grooved nose (53), the hollow body (45) being in the longitudinal direction (L) is slotted so that when a force is applied from outside or inside, the hollow body (45) is particularly elastically deformable, in particular compressible or expandable, in such a way that the grooved nose (53). Circumferential and / or longitudinal groove (13, 14) can be pressed into the bullet blank (2). - Tool (10) according to claim 4, wherein the hollow body (45) has a plurality of through slots (57) extending in the longitudinal direction (L), in particular arranged at a constant distance from one another, and a plurality of bending wings (59) each separated by two through slots (57). having. . Tool (10) according to claim 5, wherein the through slots (57) extend from a groove end (51) of the hollow body (45) over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body (45) to a respective slot base (61), at which A bending joint (63) is fixed at each axial height, around which an associated bending wing (59) can be pivoted in particular elastically. Tool (10) according to claim 6, wherein in the area of the groove end (51) the groove nose (53) is arranged, whereby In particular, the through slots (57) divide the groove nose (53) into several segments (58) distributed in the circumferential direction. . Tool (10) according to claim 5, wherein the through slots (57) extend over at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the hollow body (45) in such a way that there is an unslotted section (67) on both end sides (51, 65) of the hollow body (45). is formed. . Tool (10) according to claim 8, wherein each through slot (57) opens into two opposite slot bases (61), at the axial height of which a bending joint (63) is fixed, around which an associated bending wing (59) can be pivoted, in particular elastically. . Tool (10) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein each through slot (57) opens into two opposite slot bases (61) and the groove nose (53) is in the range of 20% to 80% of a distance, in particular in the range of 40% to 60% , preferably centrally, between the two slot bases (61). . Tool (10) according to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the bending joints (63) are made in one piece with the respective associated bending wing (59), in particular the hollow body (45) being made in one piece and / or wherein the bending joints (63) are designed as a film hinge. . Tool (10) according to one of claims 4 to 10, wherein the hollow body (45) has an abutment (73) at the axial height of the groove nose (53) for deforming of the hollow body (45), in particular for preferably elastic pivoting of the bending wings (59), in particular around the bending joints (63), can be acted upon with a force. System (100), in particular scoring station, for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a projectile blank (2) in order to produce a projectile (1) designed in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising in particular according to one of claims 4 to 12 designed tool (10), which has a groove nose (53), and a punch-die arrangement (15) for holding the projectile blank (2), the tool (10) and the punch-die assembly Arrangement (15) are coordinated with one another in such a way that the punch-die arrangement (15) deforms, in particular compresses, the tool (10) for introducing the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into the projectile blank (2). or spread open, can. System (100) according to claim 13, wherein the die (19) has a particularly shape-adapted receptacle (33) for the projectile blank (2) and the stamp (17) has a driver (39, 87) which is assigned to the tool (10) in this way is that in the event of a particularly translational relative movement of the die (19) and punch (17), the driver (39, 87) exerts a compressive force on the tool (10) in order to deform it. System (100) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the stamp (17), in particular the driver (39, 87), has a conical guide surface (41) via which a continuously increasing pressure force can be generated. Method for introducing a circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14) into a bullet blank (2) in order to produce a bullet (1) designed in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which a bullet blank (2) is inserted into a bullet blank (2) in particular according to one of claims 4 to 12 designed tool (10), preferably a system (100) designed according to one of claims 13 to 15, is used and in which the projectile blank is formed by a particularly elastic deformation, in particular compression or expansion, of the tool (10). (2) is locally grooved to form the circumferential and/or longitudinal groove (13, 14).