WO2023246793A1 - 电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆 - Google Patents

电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023246793A1
WO2023246793A1 PCT/CN2023/101442 CN2023101442W WO2023246793A1 WO 2023246793 A1 WO2023246793 A1 WO 2023246793A1 CN 2023101442 W CN2023101442 W CN 2023101442W WO 2023246793 A1 WO2023246793 A1 WO 2023246793A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery bottom
coil
bottom guard
sampling unit
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/101442
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭志佳
万龙
彭青波
杨圣琳
鲁鹏
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Publication of WO2023246793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023246793A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular, to a battery bottom guard panel damage detection device, a battery protection structure and a vehicle.
  • a pressure sensor is usually arranged between the battery bottom guard and the battery pack.
  • the pressure sensor is used to detect the stress of the battery bottom guard to determine whether the battery bottom guard is damaged and thus determine the degree of harm to the battery pack caused by a collision.
  • the pressure sensor can only detect the stress on the battery bottom guard when it is subject to stress and strain.
  • the pressure sensor may only follow the vibration of the battery bottom guard and cannot accurately reflect the stress of the battery bottom guard, resulting in the pressure sensor not being able to accurately Check whether the battery bottom shield is damaged.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • one purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery bottom guard plate damage detection device that can accurately detect the stress of the battery bottom guard plate and has high detection accuracy and structure. Advantages such as simplicity.
  • a battery protection structure having the above-mentioned battery bottom guard plate damage detection device is also proposed.
  • a battery bottom guard plate damage detection device including: a sampling unit, the sampling unit includes a magnetic core and a coil, the magnetic core is suitable for installation on The battery bottom shield forms a magnetic field, and the coil is suitable for being installed on the battery bottom shield and located within the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic core and the coil move relative to each other. , the magnetic induction of the coil cutting the magnetic field a wire to generate current; and a processing unit connected to the coil for detecting the current generated by the coil.
  • the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device can accurately detect the stress condition of the battery bottom guard plate, and has the advantages of high detection accuracy and simple structure.
  • the sampling unit further includes: a buffer filled in the housing, and both the magnetic core and the coil are movably installed in the housing through the buffer. body.
  • the housing is a non-metallic piece.
  • the vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure can accurately detect the stress of the battery bottom guard plate by utilizing the battery protection structure according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, and has the advantages of high detection accuracy and simple structure. advantage.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of a battery protection structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of sampling units on a battery protection structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • first feature and “second feature” may include one or more of the features.
  • the magnetic core 110 is installed on the battery bottom protective plate 200 and forms a magnetic field
  • the coil 120 is installed on the battery bottom protective plate 200 and located within the magnetic field. That is to say, the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 are respectively connected to the battery bottom shield 200 .
  • the battery bottom guard 200 does not collide or the collision force is small, and the vibration of the battery bottom guard 200 is small
  • the relative position of the coil 120 and the battery bottom guard 200 can remain relatively stable
  • the magnetic core 110 can remain relatively stable relative to the battery bottom guard.
  • the relative position of the plate 200 can remain relatively stable.
  • the positions of the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 are relatively fixed, the current generated by the sampling unit 100 is small or no current is generated, and the collision energy suffered by the battery bottom shield 200 is small and can be ignored. Therefore, the sampling unit 100 is prevented from being too sensitive to vibration, and the detection accuracy of the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 is ensured.
  • the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 move relative to each other, and the coil 120 cuts the magnetic flux lines of the magnetic field to generate current.
  • the processing unit 10 is connected to the coil 120 and is used to detect the coil 120 the current generated. Specifically, when the battery bottom guard 200 is impacted by energy, that is, when it is hit by a collision, the battery bottom guard 200 will vibrate, and the magnetic core 110 will move relative to the battery bottom guard 200 due to the vibration of the battery bottom guard 200 . .
  • the coil 120 will also move relative to the battery bottom guard 200 due to the vibration of the battery bottom guard 200 , and the movement speed of the coil 120 relative to the battery bottom guard 200 is the same as the movement speed of the magnetic core 110 relative to the battery bottom guard 200 .
  • the moving speeds are different, so that the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 move relative to each other, and the magnetic core 110 undergoes reciprocating motion to generate eddy currents.
  • the battery bottom guard 200 receives different energy impacts, and the relative movement speed and amplitude of the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 are different. The greater the energy impact that the battery bottom shield 200 receives, the greater the current generated by the coil 120 . Therefore, the processing unit 10 can detect the current of the coil 120 to determine the magnitude of the energy impact received by the battery bottom guard 200 .
  • the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 in the embodiment of the present disclosure does not need to be squeezed, and the vibration of the battery bottom guard plate 200 will almost always be transmitted to the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 .
  • the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 can determine the magnitude of the energy impact received by the battery bottom guard plate 200 based on the vibration amplitude of the battery bottom guard plate 200, making the detection more accurate.
  • the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 can ignore the influence of small vibrations and accurately detect the stress of the battery bottom guard plate 200, and has the detection ability It has the advantages of high accuracy and simple structure.
  • the mass of the magnetic core 110 and the mass of the coil 120 are different, so that the two move relative to each other when the battery bottom shield 200 is impacted by energy.
  • the coil 120 will be less affected by the vibration of the battery bottom shield 200. That is to say, when the battery bottom guard 200 vibrates, the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the coil 120 relative to the battery bottom guard 200 are smaller, while the inertia of the magnetic core 110 is greater.
  • the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the plate 200 are relatively large.
  • controllable relative position movement can also be formed based on the different fixing methods of the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 to detect the damaged state.
  • the coil 120 is encapsulated with resin (such as epoxy, acrylic, polyurethane, etc.) to form a ring structure
  • the magnetic core 110 can be made of damping materials (such as silicone rubber, nitrile rubber, foam materials and other highly elastic materials) Limit the position of magnetic core 110. Only when encountering an impact, the inertia of the magnetic core 110 can be relied upon to compress the highly elastic material to generate a signal.
  • the sampling unit 100 further includes a housing 130 .
  • Both the magnetic core 110 and the coil 120 are movably installed in the housing 130 .
  • the coil 120 has a first lead wire 121 and a second lead wire 122 extending out of the housing 130 .
  • the processing unit 10 is located outside the housing 130 and connected to the first lead wire 121 and the second lead wire 122 .
  • the housing 130 is a non-metallic piece.
  • the housing 130 may be a non-metallic component such as ceramic or engineering plastic.
  • the non-metallic housing 130 will not affect the magnetic field of the coil 120 cutting the magnetic core 110, further improving the sampling unit 100's detection accuracy of the energy impact on the battery bottom guard 200, and making the measurement more accurate.
  • the housing 130 is a metal piece.
  • the housing 130 may be made of metal such as iron or aluminum.
  • the electromagnetic interference of the external magnetic field on the sampling unit 100 can be reduced, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the initial value of the current.
  • the housing 130 can shield the electromagnetic interference of the external magnetic field on the sampling unit 100, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the sampling unit 100.
  • the battery protection structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the battery protection structure 1 includes a battery bottom guard 200 and a battery bottom guard damage detection device 300 according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the battery bottom guard plate damage detection device 300 according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the influence of small vibrations can be ignored, and the force of the battery bottom guard plate 200 can be accurately detected. It has the advantages of high detection accuracy and simple structure.
  • the sampling unit 100 can be detachably installed on the battery bottom guard 200 through the installation groove 210 .
  • the battery bottom guard 200 is detachably installed on the battery pack 22 .
  • the battery bottom guard 200 can be replaced separately without the need to disassemble and replace the battery pack 22 and the sampling unit 100, thereby saving costs.
  • When installing or repairing the sampling unit 100 only the battery bottom guard needs to be removed.
  • the board 200 can be disassembled alone, and there is no need to disassemble the battery pack 22, making the operation more convenient.
  • the sampling unit 100 is installed on the buffer layer 220 .
  • the first wear-resistant layer 230 and the second wear-resistant layer 240 are provided on both sides of the buffer layer 220 in the thickness direction and cover the sampling unit 100 .
  • multiple sampling units 100 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the battery bottom guard 200 . And/or, the plurality of sampling units 100 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the battery bottom shield 200 . Therefore, the plurality of sampling units 100 can be arranged in multiple rows and columns along the length direction and width direction of the battery bottom guard 200 .
  • the vibration state of the single-row sampling unit 100 or the single-row sampling unit 100 will be the same.
  • the processing unit 10 can determine that the vehicle 2 is driving on a road with bad road conditions, thereby not judging the battery bottom protection. Board 200 was damaged.
  • the processing unit 10 can detect that the current of some sampling units 100 is larger, and can determine based on the magnitude of the current. Because the corresponding part of the sampling unit 100 is damaged, the detection accuracy is higher.
  • the axial direction of the coil 120 is disposed along the thickness direction of the battery bottom shield 200 .
  • the magnetic core 110 may be cylindrical, the coil 120 surrounds the magnetic core 110 along its circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the magnetic core 110 is also disposed along the thickness direction of the battery bottom shield 200 . But not limited to this.
  • the amplitude along the thickness direction of the battery bottom guard 200 will be larger.
  • the vibration of the battery bottom guard 200 can be better transmitted to the coil 120 , so that the coil 120 can follow the battery bottom guard. 200 vibrations.
  • the coil 120 can move relative to the magnetic core 110, which is conducive to more accurately converting the energy impact on the battery bottom guard 200 into the current of the coil 120, further improving the detection of the battery bottom guard damage detection device 300. accuracy.
  • the following describes a vehicle 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to FIG. 5 .
  • the vehicle 2 includes a body 21 , a battery pack 22 and a battery protection structure 1 according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the battery pack 22 is installed on the vehicle body 21 .
  • the battery bottom guard 200 is installed on at least one of the vehicle body 21 and the battery pack 22 and is located below the battery pack 22 . Therefore, the battery bottom guard 200 can protect the bottom of the battery pack 22 to prevent stones or road bumps from directly causing damage to the bottom of the battery pack 22 . Moreover, the battery bottom guard 200 can be replaced separately. When disassembling the battery bottom guard 200, there is no need to disassemble the battery pack 22, making disassembly and assembly more convenient.
  • the battery protection structure 1 according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the influence of small vibrations can be ignored and the stress condition of the battery bottom guard 200 can be accurately detected, which has the advantages of high detection accuracy and simple structure. Etc.
  • the sampling unit 100 is provided on the side of the battery bottom guard 200 facing the battery pack 22 .
  • the side of the battery bottom guard 200 facing away from the battery pack 22 can block the sampling unit 100 , thereby protecting the sampling unit 100 and preventing damage to the sampling unit 100 , thus ensuring the detection accuracy of the sampling unit 100 .
  • the sampling unit 100 can be exposed on the side of the battery bottom guard 200 facing the battery pack 22 , so that the sampling unit 100 is easier to install on the battery bottom guard 200 and can be disassembled more simply, further simplifying the operation of the sampling unit 100 and the battery pack 22 .
  • the connection structure of the battery bottom shield 200 is described in this arrangement.

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Abstract

一种电池底护板受损检测装置（300），电池底板受损检测装置（300）包括:采样单元（100），采样单元（100）包括磁芯（110）和线圈（120），磁芯（110）适于安装于电池底护板且形成磁场，线圈（120）适于安装于电池底护板且位于磁场内，电池底护板受到能量冲击时，磁芯（110）和线圈（120）发生相对运动，线圈（120）切割磁场的磁感线以产生电流；处理单元（10），处理单元（10）与线圈（120）相连，用于检测线圈产生的电流。能够准确地检测电池底护板的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。以及一种电池防护结构和一种车辆。

Description

电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2022年06月21日提交的名称为“电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆”的中国专利申请号“202221563992.5”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，通常在电池底护板和电池包之间布置压力传感器。压力传感器用于检测电池底护板的受力情况，以判断电池底护板是否受到损坏，从而判断碰撞对电池包的危害程度。
然而，由于压力传感器在受到应力发生应变时，才能检测出电池底护板的受力情况。当电池底护板受力的位置距离压力传感器较远时，压力传感器可能仅跟随电池底护板振动，并不能够准确地反映出电池底护板的受力情况，从而导致压力传感器不能准确地检测电池底护板是否受损。
公开内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本公开的一个目的在于提出一种电池底护板受损检测装置，该电池底护板受损检测装置能够准确地检测电池底护板的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
根据本公开还提出了一种具有上述电池底护板受损检测装置的电池防护结构。
根据本公开还提出了一种具有上述电池防护结构的车辆。
为了实现上述目的，根据本公开的第一方面实施例提出了一种电池底护板受损检测装置，包括：采样单元，所述采样单元包括磁芯和线圈，所述磁芯适于安装于电池底护板且形成磁场，所述线圈适于安装于所述电池底护板且位于所述磁场内，所述电池底护板受到能量冲击时，所述磁芯和所述线圈发生相对运动，所述线圈切割所述磁场的磁感 线以产生电流；及处理单元，所述处理单元与所述线圈相连，用于检测所述线圈产生的电流。
根据本公开实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置，该电池底护板受损检测装置能够准确地检测电池底护板的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述磁芯的质量和所述线圈的质量不同，以使所述磁芯和所述线圈在所述电池底护板受到能量冲击时发生相对运动。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述采样单元还包括：壳体，所述磁芯和所述线圈均可移动地安装于所述壳体内，所述线圈具有伸出所述壳体的第一引出线和第二引出线，所述处理单元位于所述壳体外且与所述第一引出线和所述第二引出线相连。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述采样单元还包括：缓冲件，所述缓冲件填充于所述壳体内，所述磁芯和所述线圈均通过所述缓冲件可移动地安装于所述壳体。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体为非金属件。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述壳体为金属件。
根据本公开的第二方面实施例提出了一种电池防护结构，包括：电池底护板；及根据本公开的第一方面实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置。
根据本公开的第二方面实施例的电池防护结构，通过利用根据本公开的第一方面实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置，能够准确地检测电池底护板的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述电池底护板设有安装槽，所述采样单元可拆卸地嵌入所述安装槽。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述电池底护板包括：缓冲层，所述采样单元安装于所述缓冲层；第一耐磨层和第二耐磨层，所述第一耐磨层和所述第二耐磨层分设于所述缓冲层的厚度方向的两侧且遮盖所述采样单元。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述采样单元与所述缓冲层为一体成型件。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述采样单元为多个，所述处理单元与多个所述采样单元的线圈相连；或所述采样单元和所述处理单元均为多个，多个所述处理单元分别与多个所述采样单元的线圈相连。
根据本公开的一些示例，多个所述采样单元沿所述电池底护板的长度方向间隔排布；和/或，多个所述采样单元沿所述电池底护板的宽度方向间隔排布。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述线圈的轴向沿所述电池底护板的厚度方向设置。
根据本公开的第三方面实施例提出了一种车辆，包括：车身；电池包，所述电池包安装于所述车身；及根据本公开的第二方面实施例的电池防护结构，所述电池底护板安装于所述车身和所述电池包中的至少一个、且所述电池底护板位于所述电池包的下方。
根据本公开的第三方面实施例的车辆，通过利用根据本公开的第二方面实施例的电池防护结构，能够准确地检测电池底护板的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
根据本公开的一些示例，所述采样单元设于所述电池底护板的朝向所述电池包的一侧。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的采样单元的结构示意图。
图2是根据本公开实施例的电池防护结构的爆炸图。
图3是根据本公开另一实施例的电池防护结构的爆炸图。
图4是根据本公开实施例的采样单元在电池防护结构上的排布示意图。
图5是根据本公开实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
1、电池防护结构；2、车辆；21、车身；22、电池包；
100、采样单元；110、磁芯；120、线圈；121、第一引出线；122、第二引出线；
130、壳体；140、缓冲件；
10、处理单元；
200、电池底护板；210、安装槽；220、缓冲层；230、第一耐磨层；240、第二耐
磨层；
300、电池底护板受损检测装置。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，下面详细描述 本公开的实施例。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，“第一特征”、“第二特征”可以包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
下面参考附图描述根据本公开实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300。
如图1-图4所示，根据本公开实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300，包括采样单元100和处理单元10。
具体而言，采样单元100包括磁芯110和线圈120。磁芯110适于安装于电池底护板200且形成磁场，线圈120适于安装于电池底护板200且位于磁场内。电池底护板200受到能量冲击时，磁芯110和线圈120发生相对运动，线圈120切割磁场的磁感线以产生电流。处理单元10与线圈120相连，用于检测线圈120产生的电流。
举例而言，处理单元10可以设有预设的电流值，当检测到线圈120产生的电流达到该预设值时，处理单元10才会判断电池底护板200可能受损，从而可以将车辆2在普通的地面行驶时所产生的微小振动忽略。其中，线圈120可以采用铜丝或铝丝等导电金属制成。
根据本公开实施例的电池底板受损检测装置300，通过将磁芯110安装于电池底护板200且形成磁场，线圈120安装于电池底护板200且位于磁场内。也就是说，磁芯110和线圈120分别与电池底护板200连接。当电池底护板200不发生碰撞或者碰撞力较小，电池底护板200的振动较小时，线圈120与电池底护板200的相对位置能够保持相对稳定，以及磁芯110相对于电池底护板200的相对位置能够保持相对稳定。这样，磁芯110和线圈120的位置相对固定，采样单元100产生的电流较小或者不产生电流，电池底护板200所受到的碰撞能量较小可以忽略不计。由此，避免了采样单元100对振动过于敏感，保证了电池底护板受损检测装置300的检测精准性。
另外，当电池底护板200受到能量冲击时，磁芯110和线圈120发生相对运动，线圈120切割磁场的磁感线以产生电流。处理单元10与线圈120相连，用于检测线圈120 产生的电流。具体地，当电池底护板200受到能量冲击，也就是受到碰撞时，电池底护板200会发生振动，磁芯110受到电池底护板200的振动影响会与电池底护板200发生相对运动。同时，线圈120受到电池底护板200的振动影响也会与电池底护板200发生相对运动，且线圈120相对于电池底护板200的运动速度和磁芯110相对于电池底护板200的运动速度不同，从而使磁芯110和线圈120发生相对运动，磁芯110发生往复运动产生涡流。
而且，电池底护板200受到的能量冲击不同，磁芯110和线圈120发生相对运动的速度和幅度都不同。电池底护板200受到的能量冲击越大，线圈120所产生的电流也就越大。由此，可以通过处理单元10检测线圈120的电流来判断电池底护板200所受到的能量冲击的大小。而且，本公开实施例中的电池底护板受损检测装置300不需要被挤压，电池底护板200的振动几乎都会传递至电池底护板受损检测装置300。电池底护板受损检测装置300可以根据电池底护板200的振动幅度来判断电池底护板200收到的能量冲击的大小，检测更加精准。
如此，根据本公开实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300，该电池底护板受损检测装置300能够忽略微小振动影响，并且准确地检测电池底护板200的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，磁芯110的质量和线圈120的质量不同，以使两者在电池底护板200受到能量冲击时发生相对运动。
举例而言，如果磁芯110的质量大于线圈120的质量，磁芯110的惯性也就大于线圈120的惯性，那么线圈120受到电池底护板200的振动影响更小。也就是说，当电池底护板200发生振动时，线圈120相对于电池底护板200的振动频率和振动幅度都较小，而磁芯110的惯性更大，磁芯110相对于电池底护板200的振动频率和振动幅度都较大。由此，线圈120和磁芯110之间会出现相对运动，并且电池底护板200受到的能量冲击越大，磁芯110和线圈120之间的相对运动的速度和幅度也就越大，从而线圈120可以根据电池底护板200所受到的能量冲击产生不同的电流。此外，也可根据磁芯110和线圈120的固定方式不同形成可控的相对位置移动实现对受损状态的检测。例如：线圈120采用树脂类(例如环氧、丙烯酸、聚氨酯等)封装形成环式结构，磁芯110可以使用具有阻尼类材料(例如硅橡胶、丁腈橡胶，发泡材料等高弹态材料)对磁芯110位置进行限位。仅遭遇冲击时可依靠磁芯110惯性对高弹态材料进行压缩，达到产生信号的方法。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图1所示，采样单元100还包括壳体130。
磁芯110和线圈120均可移动地安装于壳体130内。线圈120具有伸出壳体130的第一引出线121和第二引出线122。处理单元10位于壳体130外且与第一引出线121和第二引出线122相连。
如此设置，壳体130可以用于固定磁芯110和线圈120，且避免磁芯110和线圈120与其他部件发生干涉，从而壳体130可以保护磁芯110和线圈120。而且，磁芯110和线圈120能够相对于壳体130进行移动，从而使磁芯110和线圈120之间能够发生相对运动，进而线圈120可以切割磁场的磁感线以产生电流。
此外，通过将第一引出线121和第二引出线122伸出壳体130，可以便于处理单元10与线圈120之间进行电连接。线圈120通过第一引出线121和第二引出线122与处理单元10之间形成回路。线圈120所产生的电流能够通过第一引出线121和第二引出线122流向处理单元10。处理单元10可以通过线圈120产生的电流大小判断电池底护板200所受到的能量冲击的大小。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，壳体130为非金属件。举例而言，壳体130可以为陶瓷或者工程塑料等非金属件。非金属件的壳体130不会影响到线圈120切割磁芯110的磁场，进一步地提高了采样单元100对电池底护板200受到的能量冲击的检测精准性，测量也更加准确。
可理解的是，在本公开的一些实施例中，壳体130为金属件。举例而言，壳体130可以为铁或铝等金属。通过将壳体130设为金属件，能够减少外部磁场对采样单元100的电磁干扰，从而可以保证电流初始值的准确性。或者，在外部电磁干扰较严重时，通过将壳体130设置为金属件，壳体130可以屏蔽外部磁场对采样单元100的电磁干扰，从而提高采样单元100的检测精准性。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图1所示，采样单元100还包括缓冲件140。其中，缓冲件140可采用低模态的硅胶或发泡材料EPDM(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer，三元乙丙橡胶)等组成。
具体地，缓冲件140填充于壳体130内。磁芯110和线圈120均通过缓冲件140可移动地安装于壳体130。如此设置，缓冲件140不仅可以固定线圈120和磁芯110，而且可以将电池底护板200的振动更好地传递至磁芯110和线圈120。此外，缓冲件140可以发生变形。当电池底护板200的振动能力传递至磁芯110和线圈120时，磁芯110和线圈120可以挤压缓冲件140而发生移动，缓冲件140不会完全阻挡磁芯110和线圈 120移动，且缓冲件140对线圈120的阻力较大，线圈120相对于电池底护板200的振动幅度更小，以使磁芯110和线圈120之间能够进行相对运动，线圈120可以根据电池底护板200的振动能量产生大小不同的电流。此外，磁芯110可以通过硬质材料(通常为塑胶件)固定，使线圈120单独在阻尼材料的限制下运动。或者，线圈120依靠树脂封装形成硬质结构后固定，让磁芯110在阻尼的状态下移动。
另外，缓冲件140可以使电池底护板200的振动衰减。例如当车辆2在行驶中受到颠簸，而电池底护板200未受碰撞时，电池底护板200的振动能量经过缓冲件140的衰减后，传递到磁芯110和线圈120的能量减小，从而采样单元100产生的电流较小，可以避免发生误警报的情况。
下面参考附图2和图3描述根据本公开实施例的电池防护结构1。电池防护结构1包括电池底护板200和根据本公开上述实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300。
根据本公开实施例的电池防护结构1，通过利用根据本公开上述实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300，能够忽略微小振动的影响，并且可以准确地检测电池底护板200的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图2和图3所示，电池底护板200设有安装槽210。采样单元100可拆卸地嵌入安装槽210。由此，电池底护板200的安装槽210可以对采样单元100进行预定位，便于采样单元100的装配。而且，可以使采样单元100与电池底护板200之间连接更加可靠，电池底护板200的振动能够更好地传递至采样单元100，进一步地提高了电池底护板受损检测装置300的检测准确性。
此外，采样单元100可以通过安装槽210可拆卸地安装于电池底护板200。电池底护板200可拆卸地安装于电池包22。如此设置，可以单独更换电池底护板200而不需要对电池包22和采样单元100进行拆卸以及更换，节约成本，以及安装采样单元100或者对采样单元100进行维修时，只需要将电池底护板200单独拆卸即可，不需要拆卸电池包22，操作更加方便。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图2和图3所示，电池底护板200包括缓冲层220、第一耐磨层230和第二耐磨层240。
具体地，采样单元100安装于缓冲层220。第一耐磨层230和第二耐磨层240分设于缓冲层220的厚度方向的两侧、且遮盖采样单元100。
举例而言，可以在缓冲层220上设置安装槽210。将采样单元100安装于缓冲层220的安装槽210中，且缓冲层220、第一耐磨层230和第二耐磨层240组合后，可以通过 热压复合整体成型。由此，第一耐磨层230和第二耐磨层240可以提高电池底护板200的结构强度，从而提高了电池底护板200对电池包22的防护效果。同时，第一耐磨层230和第二耐磨层240可以对缓冲层220以及采样单元100进行防护，避免采样单元100损坏，进一步提高了采样单元100的检测精准度。
而且，通过将采样单元100设置在缓冲层220上，缓冲层220起到一定的缓冲作用。当电池底护板200的能量冲击较小时，缓冲层220可以对电池底护板200的振动进行缓冲，从而减小微小振动对采样单元100的影响，使电池底护板受损检测装置300可以过滤电池底护板200的微小碰撞或者车辆2行驶时的微小振动，避免了采样单元100过于敏感，更进一步地提高电池底护板受损检测装置300的检测精准度。
进一步地，如图2所示，采样单元100与缓冲层220为一体成型件。由此，不仅可以简化采样单元100与缓冲层220的结构，便于装配，而且采样单元100与缓冲层220的连接强度更高，缓冲层220与采样单元100之间不易发生相对移动，缓冲层220的缓冲效果更好，且有利于提高电池底护板受损检测装置300的检测精准度。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图2-图4所示，采样单元100为多个。处理单元10与多个采样单元100的线圈120相连。也就是说，一个处理单元10同时接收多个采样单元100的电信号。如此设置，有利于缩减电池底护板受损检测装置300的零部件数量，处理单元10的集成度更高，便于布置。而且，对电池底护板200的各个区域的检测更为准确，能够准确地定位电池底护板200受到碰撞的位置。另外，还可以根据各个采样单元100的电流不同，而判断电池底护板200的受损情况，便于处理单元10进行不同的处理，适用性更强。
在本公开的另一些具体实施例中，处理单元10为多个。处理单元10分别与多个采样单元100的线圈120相连。也就是说，多个处理单元10和多个采样单元100一一对应。每个处理单元10只负责接收并处理一个采样单元100的电信号。由此，可以避免多个采样单元100的电信号相互干扰，处理单元10的精确性更高，检测效果也更加准确。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，多个采样单元100沿电池底护板200的长度方向间隔排布。和/或，多个采样单元100沿护板电池底护板200的宽度方向间隔排布。由此，多个采样单元100可以沿电池底护板200的长度方向和宽度方向设置成多排多列。
可以理解的是，当采样单元100所产生的电流较大时，可能是电池底护板200受到了碰撞，还有可能是车辆2在较恶劣的路况行驶时，车辆2整体振动较大，电池底护板 200的振动也较大，从而导致采样单元100所产生的电流较大。但是，此时电池底护板200并未受到较严重的破坏。
由此，当车辆2发生振动时，单排采样单元100或者单列采样单元100的振动状态会相同。通过将多个采样单元100这样排布，当单排采样单元100或者单列采样单元100的电流都较大时，处理单元10可以判断车辆2在路况恶劣的路面行驶，从而不会判断电池底护板200受损。
然而，当电池底护板200受到碰撞损坏时，碰撞区域的不同会导致多个采样单元100所产生的电流大小不同。单排采样单元100和单列采样单元100中的多个采样单元100所产生的电流不相同，此时处理单元10可以检测出部分的采样单元100的电流较大，并可根据电流的大小，判断出在该采样单元100对应的部位受损，检测准确度更高。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图2-图4所示，线圈120的轴向沿电池底护板200的厚度方向设置。
举例而言，磁芯110可以为圆柱状，线圈120沿磁芯110的周向环绕磁芯110，磁芯110的轴向也沿电池底护板200的厚度方向设置。但不限于此。
可以理解的是，当电池底护板200发生振动时，沿电池底护板200的厚度方向的振幅会较大。通过将线圈120的轴向和磁芯110的轴向沿电池底护板200的厚度方向布置，电池底护板200的振动能够更好地传递给线圈120，从而线圈120可以跟随电池底护板200振动。同时，线圈120可以和磁芯110发生相对运动，有利于将电池底护板200受到的能量冲击更精准地转化为线圈120的电流，更进一步地提高电池底护板受损检测装置300的检测准确性。
下面参考附图5描述根据本公开实施例的车辆2，车辆2包括车身21、电池包22和根据本公开上述实施例的电池防护结构1。
具体地，电池包22安装于车身21。电池底护板200安装于车身21和电池包22中的至少一个、且位于电池包22的下方。由此，电池底护板200可以对电池包22的下方进行防护，避免石子或者路面凸起直接对电池包22的下方造成损伤。而且，电池底护板200可以单独进行更换，拆卸电池底护板200时不需要对电池包22进行拆卸，拆装更加方便。
根据本公开实施例的车辆2，通过利用根据本公开上述实施例的电池防护结构1，能够忽略微小振动影响并准确地检测电池底护板200的受力情况，具有检测精准性高和结构简单等优点。
在本公开的一些具体实施例中，如图3所示，采样单元100设于电池底护板200的朝向电池包22的一侧。
如此设置，电池底护板200的背向电池包22的一侧可以对采样单元100进行遮挡，从而保护采样单元100，避免采样单元100损坏，进而可以保证采样单元100的检测精准度。而且，采样单元100可以露出于电池底护板200的朝向电池包22的一侧，以使采样单元100更易安装到电池底护板200上，并且拆卸也更加简单，进一步简化了采样单元100和电池底护板200的连接结构。
根据本公开实施例的电池底护板受损检测装置300、电池防护结构1和车辆2的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，包括:
    采样单元(100)，所述采样单元(100)包括磁芯(110)和线圈(120)，所述磁芯(110)适于安装于电池底护板(200)且形成磁场，所述线圈(120)适于安装于所述电池底护板(200)且位于所述磁场内，所述电池底护板(200)受到能量冲击时，所述磁芯(110)和所述线圈(120)发生相对运动，所述线圈(120)切割所述磁场的磁感线以产生电流；及
    处理单元(10)，所述处理单元(10)与所述线圈(120)相连，用于检测所述线圈(120)产生的电流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，所述磁芯(110)的质量和所述线圈(120)的质量不同，以使所述磁芯(110)和所述线圈(120)在所述电池底护板(200)受到能量冲击时发生相对运动。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，所述采样单元(100)还包括：
    壳体(130)，所述磁芯(110)和所述线圈(120)均可移动地安装于所述壳体(130)内，所述线圈(120)具有伸出所述壳体(130)的第一引出线(121)和第二引出线(122)，所述处理单元(10)位于所述壳体(130)外且与所述第一引出线(121)和所述第二引出线(122)相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，所述采样单元(100)还包括：
    缓冲件(140)，所述缓冲件(140)填充于所述壳体(130)内，所述磁芯(110)和所述线圈(120)均通过所述缓冲件(140)可移动地安装于所述壳体(130)。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，所述壳体(130)为非金属件。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)，其特征在于，所述壳体(130)为金属件。
  7. 一种电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，包括：
    电池底护板(200)；及
    根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池底护板受损检测装置(300)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，所述电池底护板(200) 设有安装槽(210)，所述采样单元(100)可拆卸地嵌入所述安装槽(210)。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，所述电池底护板(200)包括：
    缓冲层(220)，所述采样单元(100)安装于所述缓冲层(220)；
    第一耐磨层(230)和第二耐磨层(240)，所述第一耐磨层(230)和所述第二耐磨层(24)分设于所述缓冲层(220)的厚度方向的两侧、且遮盖所述采样单元(100)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，所述采样单元(100)与所述缓冲层(220)为一体成型件。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10中任一项所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，所述采样单元(100)为多个，所述处理单元(10)与多个所述采样单元(100)的线圈(120)相连；或
    所述采样单元(100)和所述处理单元(10)均为多个，多个所述处理单元(10)分别与多个所述采样单元(100)的线圈(120)相连。
  12. 根据权利要求11中所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，多个所述采样单元(100)沿所述电池底护板(200)的长度方向间隔排布；和/或
    多个所述采样单元(100)沿所述电池底护板(200)的宽度方向间隔排布。
  13. 根据权利要求7-12中任一项所述的电池防护结构(1)，其特征在于，所述线圈(120)的轴向沿所述电池底护板(200)的厚度方向设置。
  14. 一种车辆(2)，其特征在于，包括：
    车身(21)；
    电池包(22)，所述电池包(22)安装于所述车身(21)；及
    根据权利要求7-13中任一项所述的电池防护结构(1)，所述电池底护板(200)安装于所述车身(21)和所述电池包(22)中的至少一个、且所述电池底护板(200)位于所述电池包(22)的下方。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的车辆(2)，其特征在于，所述采样单元(100)设于所述电池底护板(200)的朝向所述电池包(22)的一侧。
PCT/CN2023/101442 2022-06-21 2023-06-20 电池底护板受损检测装置、电池防护结构和车辆 Ceased WO2023246793A1 (zh)

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