WO2023246281A1 - 一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023246281A1 WO2023246281A1 PCT/CN2023/090324 CN2023090324W WO2023246281A1 WO 2023246281 A1 WO2023246281 A1 WO 2023246281A1 CN 2023090324 W CN2023090324 W CN 2023090324W WO 2023246281 A1 WO2023246281 A1 WO 2023246281A1
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- flue gas
- carbon dioxide
- adsorption
- simulated
- pipeline
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/02—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by absorption, adsorption, or combustion of components and measurement of the change in pressure or volume of the remainder
- G01N7/04—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by absorption, adsorption, or combustion of components and measurement of the change in pressure or volume of the remainder by absorption or adsorption alone
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of adsorbent performance evaluation, and in particular to a flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance detection device and detection method.
- Carbon dioxide capture by solid adsorption is a dry process that has developed rapidly due to its unique technical advantages and has entered the demonstration stage. It uses solid adsorbents to capture flue gas carbon dioxide. CO 2 is captured and separated by reverse adsorption, and adsorption is generally completed at low temperature, normal pressure or high pressure. After raising the temperature or lowering the pressure, CO 2 is desorbed and the solid adsorbent is regenerated. Carbon dioxide adsorbents are an important part of this technology. Commonly used adsorbents include porous materials such as activated carbon, zeolite molecular sieves, metal oxides, solid amines, and organometallic framework compounds. Scientific evaluation of the key performance indicators of its molded adsorbent products is of great significance to both application and research and development.
- the purpose of this application is to provide a flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance detection device and a detection method; the detection device can simulate the carbon dioxide adsorption process in the flue gas and achieve accurate detection of the flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance. , to achieve accurate evaluation of carbon dioxide adsorbent performance indicators in actual production.
- a flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance testing device including a flue gas simulation control unit, an adsorption reaction unit and a carbon dioxide analyzer;
- the flue gas simulation control unit includes a simulated gas supply device, a simulated gas flow controller, a water vapor generator and a flue gas mixer; the simulated gas supply device, simulated gas flow controller and flue gas mixer are sequentially passed through the simulated gas pipeline. Connection, the flue gas mixer and the water vapor generator are connected to the adsorption reaction unit through the air inlet pipeline;
- the adsorption reaction unit includes a temperature controller and an adsorption reactor, the adsorption reactor is filled with carbon dioxide adsorbent, and a heating element is installed on the adsorption reactor, and the heating element is connected to the temperature controller;
- the carbon dioxide analyzer is connected to the outlet of the adsorption reactor.
- the detection device also includes a nitrogen replacement unit, which includes a nitrogen supply device and a nitrogen flow controller.
- the nitrogen supply device, nitrogen flow controller, and flue gas mixer are connected in sequence through a nitrogen replacement pipeline.
- the adsorption reaction unit includes at least two adsorption reactors, and the two adsorption reactors are connected through parallel pipelines and/or series pipelines.
- a flue gas cooler and a dryer are connected between the adsorption reactor and the carbon dioxide analyzer through a simulated flue gas outlet pipeline.
- the detection device also includes a buffer tank and a vacuum pump connected through a vacuum suction regeneration pipeline,
- the buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorption reactor; the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline and the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline are arranged in parallel.
- the detection device also includes an exhaust gas purification and absorption device, which is connected to the outlet of the vacuum pump and the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline through the exhaust gas purification pipeline.
- cut-off valves are provided on both the nitrogen replacement pipeline and the simulated gas pipeline.
- tail gas purification pipeline and the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline are connected through a three-way valve; the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline is equipped with control valves near the outlet of the adsorption reactor and on the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline.
- This application further provides a detection method for the flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance detection device, which includes the following steps:
- the simulated flue gas after the adsorption reaction is output from the outlet of the adsorption reactor and enters the carbon dioxide analyzer.
- the carbon dioxide analyzer measures the carbon dioxide concentration in the simulated flue gas after the adsorption reaction until the carbon dioxide concentration in the simulated flue gas after the adsorption reaction is equal to When the initial carbon dioxide concentration is close to or the same, the detection is stopped; the adsorption capacity of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is calculated according to the adsorption capacity formula; the adsorption capacity formula is as shown in formula (1):
- T adsorption working temperature (adsorption reaction temperature), K;
- the temperature controller or vacuum pump in the detection device can be used to regenerate the carbon dioxide adsorbent with temperature change or vacuum pressure change regeneration, and then perform steps (2) and (3), repeat n times, and calculate the value after regeneration n times.
- the detection device can simulate the carbon dioxide adsorption reaction process in flue gas and achieve accurate detection of the performance of the carbon dioxide adsorbent in the flue gas, thereby achieving an accurate assessment of the performance indicators of the carbon dioxide adsorbent in actual production.
- the detection device also has the functions of online temperature-changing regeneration and vacuum regeneration, so that the decay rate of the adsorbent after several regeneration cycles can be measured online without the need to take the adsorbent out of the adsorption reactor for regeneration, saving testing time. , improving detection efficiency.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance testing device of the present application.
- Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the agent cage in the adsorption reactor in this application.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the agent cage in the adsorption reactor in this application.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of a flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance detection device is shown in Figure 1; the detection device includes a flue gas simulation control unit, an adsorption reaction unit and a carbon dioxide analyzer.
- the smoke simulation control unit includes a simulated gas supply device 1, a simulated gas flow controller 2, a water vapor generator 3 and a flue gas mixer 4; a simulated gas supply device 1, a simulated gas flow controller 2 and a flue gas mixer 4 are connected in sequence through the simulated gas pipeline 5, and the flue gas mixer 4 and the water vapor generator 3 are connected to the adsorption reaction unit through the air inlet pipeline 6.
- the simulated gas supply device is a supply bottle storing carbon dioxide and nitrogen; the CO2 content (volume percentage) is 12 to 20%.
- the adjustment range of the simulated gas flow controller is 0 ⁇ 20m 3 /h.
- the flue gas mixer 4 has the functions of mixing flue gas, heating flue gas and insulating the heat. Specifically, the flue gas mixer 4 is provided with an insulation layer, and a heating element and a flow guide are provided inside the flue gas mixer 4. Mixing and flow stabilization are carried out, and the heating element preheats the flue gas.
- the detection device also includes a nitrogen replacement unit, which includes a nitrogen supply device 7 and a nitrogen flow controller 8 .
- the nitrogen supply device 7 , the nitrogen flow controller 8 , and the flue gas mixer 4 are connected in sequence through a nitrogen replacement pipeline 9 .
- the nitrogen supply device 7 is a nitrogen supply bottle storing nitrogen.
- the nitrogen replacement pipeline 9 and the simulated gas pipeline 5 are both provided with cut-off valves, so that the start and stop of the two pipelines can be switched and controlled through the cut-off valves.
- the adsorption reaction unit includes a temperature controller 10 and an adsorption reactor 11.
- the adsorption reactor 11 is filled with carbon dioxide adsorbent, and a heating element is installed on the adsorption reactor 11. The heating element is connected to the temperature controller 10.
- the inner cavity of the adsorption reactor 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped cavity with a square cross-section and a length of 1 m; an agent cage containing carbon dioxide adsorbent is placed in the adsorption reactor chamber; as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the agent cage is also The rectangular parallelepiped is adsorbed closely on the inner wall of the adsorption reactor cavity; the agent cages of different lengths determine the filling amount of the adsorbent; the agent cage is made of stainless steel mesh with mesh; in actual work, according to the carbon dioxide adsorbent Depending on the particle size or specification, agent cages with different mesh sizes should be used.
- This adsorption reactor can meet the testing needs in the air velocity range of 200 to 40000h -1 .
- the carbon dioxide adsorbent is a solid amine adsorbent.
- the adsorption reaction unit includes at least two adsorption reactors 11, and the two adsorption reactors 11 are connected through parallel pipelines and/or series pipelines.
- the adsorption reaction unit includes two adsorption reactors 11.
- the two adsorption reactors 11 are connected through a parallel pipeline 12 and a series pipeline 13. They are connected in parallel.
- Both pipeline 12 and series pipeline 13 are provided with cut-off valves, so that parallel or series operation of the two adsorption reactors can be realized by switching through the cut-off valves.
- the temperature of the adsorption reactor 11 is controlled by the temperature controller 10, and the temperature control range is 20 ⁇ 300°C; multiple sets of heating elements are respectively provided along the length direction of the adsorption reactor 11, and each set of heating elements can be connected to the temperature controller respectively, so that Realize segmented temperature control to meet the needs of adsorption and regeneration temperature control; temperature monitoring points can be set along the length of the inner cavity of the adsorption reactor, and the number of monitoring points is 3 to 6.
- the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11 is connected to the flue gas cooler 15 through the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14, the flue gas cooler 15 is connected to the dryer 16, and the outlet of the dryer 16 is connected to the carbon dioxide analyzer 17.
- the flue gas cooler 15 is used to prevent the flue gas temperature from being too high, thereby preventing damage to the carbon dioxide analyzer 17 .
- the dryer 16 can use color-changing silica gel to prevent the moisture content in the simulated flue gas from being too high, thereby preventing corrosion of the carbon dioxide analyzer.
- the carbon dioxide analyzer 17 may be an analytical instrument that detects CO 2 using infrared principles or chromatography.
- the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11 , the buffer tank 18 and the vacuum pump 19 are connected in sequence through a vacuum suction regeneration pipeline 20 .
- the buffer tank 18 is provided to facilitate monitoring of system negative pressure and maintaining stable negative pressure conditions to avoid affecting the operational stability of vacuum pumps and the like.
- the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline 20 is arranged in parallel with a part (front part) of the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14 .
- the detection device also includes an exhaust gas purification and absorption device 21, which is connected to the outlet of the vacuum pump 19 and the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14 through an exhaust gas purification pipeline 22. More specifically, the exhaust gas purification pipeline 22 and the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14 are connected through a three-way valve 23 .
- the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14 is provided with control valves near the outlet of the adsorption reactor and the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline 20 . Therefore, through the control of the control valve, the start and stop of the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline and the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline can be switched.
- the temperature swing desorption regeneration method or the vacuum pressure swing desorption regeneration method can be used.
- the temperature-variable desorption regeneration method can use the temperature controller and the heating element on the adsorption reactor to control the temperature of the adsorption reactor to desorb the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the adsorption reactor.
- the desorbed carbon dioxide passes through the simulated flue gas outlet pipe.
- the pipeline enters the exhaust gas purification and absorption device to realize carbon dioxide adsorbent regeneration; that is, the part of the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline close to the adsorption reactor can be used as a temperature-variable desorption pipeline.
- the vacuum pressure swing desorption regeneration method uses a vacuum pump to evacuate air, and the inside of the adsorption reactor becomes negative pressure to desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide.
- the desorbed carbon dioxide gas flows out through the adsorption reactor, enters the buffer tank, and is discharged by the vacuum pump. Then it is discharged into the exhaust gas purification and absorption device through the three-way valve.
- the flue gas carbon dioxide adsorbent performance testing device is used to test the performance of the carbon dioxide adsorbent. Method, including the following steps:
- the water vapor flow rate of the water vapor generator 3 can be Adjust; connect the simulated gas supply device and water vapor generator to the detection system according to the pipeline connection diagram;
- the nitrogen in the nitrogen supply device 7 is Under the control of the flow controller 8, after preheating by the flue gas mixer 4, it enters the adsorption reactor 11 to remove water vapor and carbon dioxide in the adsorption reactor 11.
- the aging time is about 2 hours;
- the nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the simulated gas supply device 1 are under the flow control of the simulated gas flow controller 2 Entering the flue gas mixer 4 for preheating, mixing and steady flow, the water vapor forms simulated flue gas with the preheated nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and enters the adsorption reactor 11 through the air inlet pipeline 6.
- the temperature controller 10 controls the heating element to The simulated flue gas in the adsorption reactor 11 is heated to the adsorption reaction temperature, and the carbon dioxide adsorbent performs an adsorption reaction on carbon dioxide;
- the simulated flue gas after the adsorption reaction is output from the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11. After being cooled by the flue gas cooler 15 and dried by the dryer 16, it enters the carbon dioxide analyzer 17.
- the carbon dioxide analyzer 17 measures the simulated smoke after the adsorption reaction.
- the carbon dioxide concentration in the air will be stopped until the carbon dioxide concentration in the simulated flue gas after the adsorption reaction is close to or the same as the initial carbon dioxide concentration (the carbon dioxide adsorbent reaches saturation); the adsorption capacity of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is calculated according to the adsorption capacity formula; the adsorption capacity formula As shown in formula (1):
- T adsorption working temperature (adsorption reaction temperature), K;
- the temperature swing desorption regeneration method or the vacuum pressure swing desorption method can be selected;
- Temperature-changing desorption method close the cut-off valve on the simulated gas pipeline 5 and the water vapor generator 3, open the control valve on the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14, and adjust the three-way valve 23 so that the exhaust gas purification pipeline 22 is opened.
- the temperature controller 10 is used to control the heating element to quickly raise the temperature in the adsorption reactor 11 to 150°C.
- the total heating time is about 15 minutes.
- the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the adsorption reactor is desorbed.
- the desorbed carbon dioxide passes through the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11 It flows out and then enters the exhaust gas purification and absorption device 21 through the simulated flue gas outlet pipeline 14, three-way valve 23, and exhaust gas purification pipeline 22 to absorb carbon dioxide.
- Vacuum pressure swing desorption method close the cut-off valve on the simulated gas pipeline 5 and the water vapor generator 3, open the control valve on the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline 20, start the vacuum pump 19 to pump air for 30 minutes, and adsorb the inside of the reactor 11
- the pressure becomes -90KPa to desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide.
- the desorbed carbon dioxide gas flows out through the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11, enters the buffer tank 18, is discharged by the vacuum pump 19, and then is discharged through the three-way valve 23 into the tail gas for purification and absorption.
- Device 22 close the cut-off valve on the simulated gas pipeline 5 and the water vapor generator 3, open the control valve on the vacuum suction regeneration pipeline 20, start the vacuum pump 19 to pump air for 30 minutes, and adsorb the inside of the reactor 11
- the pressure becomes -90KPa to desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide.
- the desorbed carbon dioxide gas flows out through the outlet of the adsorption reactor 11, enters the buffer tank 18, is discharged
- the cycle decay rate of the solid amine adsorbent after regeneration 50 times is 3%.
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Abstract
一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法，该检测装置包括烟气模拟控制单元、吸附反应单元和二氧化碳分析仪；烟气模拟控制单元包括模拟气体供给装置（1）、模拟气体流量控制器（2）、水蒸气发生器（3）和烟气混合器（4）；模拟气体供给装置（1）、模拟气体流量控制器（2）以及烟气混合器（4）通过模拟气体管路（5）依次连接，烟气混合器（4）和水蒸气发生器（3）与吸附反应单元连接；吸附反应单元包括温度控制器（10）和吸附反应器（11），该吸附反应器（11）中装填有二氧化碳吸附剂，且吸附反应器（11）上安装有加热元件，加热元件与温度控制器（10）连接；二氧化碳分析仪（17）与吸附反应器（11）的出口连接。该检测装置能够模拟烟气中二氧化碳吸附过程，并实现对烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能的准确检测。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年6月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210712091.6、发明名称为“一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本文中。
本申请涉及吸附剂性能评价技术领域，特别涉及一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法。
二氧化碳(CO2)的大量排放造成全球气候变暖和生态恶化，通过政策与技术等手段调控温室气体的排放量，控制气温变暖幅度受到了各国政府和民众的关注。根据研究者的长期监测结果，2020年初大气中二氧化碳含量已达到了410ppm以上，大型排放源如发电厂、水泥生产厂、钢铁厂以及石油和天然气加工厂等人为源排放贡献了较大的比例，因此对固定源烟气中二氧化碳进行捕集、利用和封存逐步达成了共识。各种碳捕集示范工程在世界各地得到布局。
我国碳市场于2021年7月16日已正式启动，首批已纳入了2162家电力企业。石化、化工、建材(包含水泥)、钢铁、有色、造纸、航空这七个行业，也将会陆续被纳入交易体系。上述八大重点行业已经连续多年开展碳排放数据核算。我国的CCUS年度报告(2021)预计到2025年，煤电行业CO2减排量将达到600万吨/年，2040年达到峰值，为2～5亿吨/年。预计到2050年燃煤电厂仍将有大约9亿千瓦在运行，仅电力行业的碳捕集空间就非常巨大。CO2捕集项目的部署有利于避免一部分煤电资产提前退役。碳捕集工程的示范，使碳捕集技术从实验室走向了工程实践。
固体吸附法捕集二氧化碳(包括空气碳捕集)属于干法工艺，以其独特的技术优势发展迅速，业已进入示范阶段。它利用固态吸附剂对烟气二氧化碳的可
逆吸附作用来捕集分离CO2，一般在低温、常压或高压时完成吸附。升温或降压后解析出CO2，固态吸附剂得到再生。二氧化碳吸附剂是该技术的重要组成部分。常用的吸附剂有活性碳、沸石分子筛、金属氧化物、固体胺、有机金属骨架化合物等多孔材料。对其成型吸附剂产品的关键性能指标进行科学评价，对于应用和研发都具有意义重大。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本申请的目的在于提供一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法；该检测装置能够模拟烟气中二氧化碳吸附过程，并实现对烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能的准确检测，实现对实际生产中二氧化碳吸附剂性能指标的准确评估。
为实现上述技术目的，达到上述技术效果，本申请通过以下技术方案实现：
一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，包括烟气模拟控制单元、吸附反应单元和二氧化碳分析仪；
所述烟气模拟控制单元包括模拟气体供给装置、模拟气体流量控制器、水蒸气发生器和烟气混合器；模拟气体供给装置、模拟气体流量控制器以及烟气混合器通过模拟气体管路依次连接，烟气混合器和水蒸气发生器通过进气管路与所述吸附反应单元连接；
所述吸附反应单元包括温度控制器和吸附反应器，该吸附反应器中装填有二氧化碳吸附剂，且吸附反应器上安装有加热元件，加热元件与所述温度控制器连接；
二氧化碳分析仪与吸附反应器的出口连接。
进一步的，该检测装置还包括氮气置换单元，该氮气置换单元包括氮气供给装置和氮气流量控制器，该氮气供给装置、氮气流量控制器、烟气混合器通过氮气置换管路依次连接。
进一步的，所述吸附反应单元包括至少两个吸附反应器，该两个吸附反应器通过并联管路和/或串联管路连接。
进一步的，吸附反应器与二氧化碳分析仪之间还通过模拟烟气出口管路连接有烟气冷却器和干燥器。
进一步的，检测装置还包括通过真空抽吸再生管路连接的缓冲罐和真空泵，
缓冲罐与吸附反应器的出口连接；所述真空抽吸再生管路与所述模拟烟气出口管路并联设置。
进一步的，该检测装置还包括尾气净化吸收装置，该尾气净化吸收装置通过尾气净化管路与真空泵的出口以及所述模拟烟气出口管路连接。
进一步的，所述氮气置换管路以及模拟气体管路上均设有切断阀。
进一步的，所述尾气净化管路与模拟烟气出口管路之间通过三通阀连接；模拟烟气出口管路在接近吸附反应器出口处以及真空抽吸再生管路上均设有控制阀。
本申请进一步提供了该烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置的检测方法，其包括如下步骤：
(1)设计模拟烟气的烟气成分和烟气流量，按照设计的模拟烟气提供含有氮气和二氧化碳的模拟气体供给装置以及水蒸气发生装置，
(2)氮气和二氧化碳进入烟气混合器中进行预热，水蒸气与预热后的氮气和二氧化碳经由进气管路进入吸附反应器中，温度控制器控制加热元件对吸附反应器中的模拟烟气加热至反应温度，二氧化碳吸附剂对二氧化碳进行吸附反应；
(3)吸附反应后的模拟烟气由吸附反应器的出口输出，进入二氧化碳分析仪，二氧化碳分析仪测定吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度，直至吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度与初始二氧化碳浓度接近或相同时，停止检测；按照吸附容量公式计算二氧化碳吸附剂的吸附容量；吸附容量公式如式(1)所示：
式(1)中：
q0：初始吸附容量q0，mmol/g；
M：吸附剂质量，g；
Qin：进口烟气总流量，ml/min；
Cin：进口烟气中二氧化碳体积分数，％；
C：出口烟气中二氧化碳体积分数，％；
t：吸附达到饱和时所消耗的时间，min；
T0：273K；
T：吸附工况温度(吸附反应温度)，K；
Vm：22.4L/mol。
进一步的，利用该检测装置中的温度控制器或真空泵可以对二氧化碳吸附剂进行变温再生或抽真空变压再生后，进行步骤(2)和(3)，如此重复n次，计算再生n次后的二氧化碳吸附剂的吸附容量，根据吸附剂循环衰减率公式计算该二氧化碳吸附剂循环再生n次后的循环衰减率；吸附剂循环衰减率公式如式(2)所示：
W(％)＝(qn-q0)/q0×100 (2)
W(％)＝(qn-q0)/q0×100 (2)
式(2)中：
W——循环n次的衰减率，％；
q0——初始吸附容量q0，mmol/g；
qn——循环再生n次的吸附容量qn，mmol/g。
本申请的有益效果：
该检测装置能够模拟烟气中二氧化碳吸附反应过程，并实现对烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能的准确检测，进而实现对实际生产中二氧化碳吸附剂性能指标的准确评估。
该检测装置还具有在线变温再生和抽真空再生的功能，从而可以在线实现再生循环若干次后吸附剂的衰减率测定，不需要将吸附剂从吸附反应器中取出进行再生处理，节约了测试时间，提高了检测效率。
图1为本申请烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置的示意图。
图2为本申请中的吸附反应器中的剂笼的结构示意图。
图3为本申请中的吸附反应器中的剂笼的端面结构示意图。
下面结合附图对本申请的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本申请的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本申请的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
如图1所示的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置的较佳实施例；该检测装置包括烟气模拟控制单元、吸附反应单元和二氧化碳分析仪。
所述烟气模拟控制单元包括模拟气体供给装置1、模拟气体流量控制器2、水蒸气发生器3和烟气混合器4；模拟气体供给装置1、模拟气体流量控制器2以及烟气混合器4通过模拟气体管路5依次连接，烟气混合器4和水蒸气发生器3通过进气管路6与所述吸附反应单元连接。
在本实施例中，模拟气体供给装置为储存有二氧化碳和氮气的供给瓶；CO2含量(体积百分比)为12～20％。模拟气体流量控制器的调节范围为0～20m3/h。
其中的烟气混合器4具有混合烟气、加热烟气以及保温功能；具体的，烟气混合器4上设有保温层，其内部设有加热元件和导流件，导流件对烟气进行混合、稳流，加热元件对烟气进行预热。
该检测装置还包括氮气置换单元，该氮气置换单元包括氮气供给装置7和氮气流量控制器8，该氮气供给装置7、氮气流量控制器8、烟气混合器4通过氮气置换管路9依次连接。在本实施例中，氮气供给装置7为储存有氮气的氮气供给瓶。
其中的氮气置换管路9以及模拟气体管路5上均设有切断阀，以通过切断阀切换控制两个管路的启停。
所述吸附反应单元包括温度控制器10和吸附反应器11，该吸附反应器11中装填有二氧化碳吸附剂，且吸附反应器11上安装有加热元件，加热元件与所述温度控制器10连接。
具体地，吸附反应器11的内腔为正方形截面的长方体腔，长度为1m；吸附反应器腔内放置装有二氧化碳吸附剂的剂笼；如图2和图3所示，该剂笼亦为长方体且紧贴吸附在吸附反应器腔体的内壁上；不同长度的剂笼决定了吸附剂的装填量；剂笼采用具有网孔的不锈钢网制成；在实际工作中，根据二氧化碳吸附剂的粒径或规格的不同，选用不同目数的剂笼。该吸附反应器可以满足200～40000h-1空速范围的测试需要。在本实施例中，二氧化碳吸附剂为固态胺吸附剂。
该吸附反应单元包括至少两个吸附反应器11，该两个吸附反应器11通过并联管路和/或串联管路连接。如图1所示，在本实施例中，该吸附反应单元包括两个吸附反应器11，该两个吸附反应器11之间既通过并联管路12连接，又通过串联管路13连接，并联管路12和串联管路13上均设有切断阀，从而通过切断阀切换以实现两个吸附反应器的并联或串联运行。
吸附反应器11的温度由温度控制器10控制，温度控制范围为20～300℃；沿吸附反应器11的长度方向分别设置多组加热元件，每组加热元件可分别连接温度控制器，则可实现分段控制温度，满足吸附控温和再生控温的需要；在吸附反应器的内腔的长度方向可设置温度监测点，监测点数为3～6个。
吸附反应器11的出口通过模拟烟气出口管路14与烟气冷却器15连接，烟气冷却器15又与干燥器16连接，干燥器16的出口与二氧化碳分析仪17连接。烟气冷却器15是为了防止烟气温度较高，进而防止对二氧化碳分析仪17造成损害。干燥器16可以采用变色硅胶，以防止模拟烟气中含湿量过高，进而避免对二氧化碳分析仪造成腐蚀。二氧化碳分析仪17可以为采用红外原理或色谱等检测CO2的分析仪器。
吸附反应器11的出口、缓冲罐18以及真空泵19之间通过真空抽吸再生管路20依次连接。缓冲罐18的设置是为了便于监测系统负压和维持稳定的负压条件，避免对真空泵等的运行稳定性带来影响。
所述真空抽吸再生管路20与所述模拟烟气出口管路14的一部分(前部分)呈并联设置。
该检测装置还包括有尾气净化吸收装置21，该尾气净化吸收装置21通过尾气净化管路22与真空泵19的出口以及所述模拟烟气出口管路14连接。更具体的，尾气净化管路22与模拟烟气出口管路14之间通过三通阀23连接。
模拟烟气出口管路14在接近吸附反应器出口处以及真空抽吸再生管路20上均设有控制阀。从而，通过控制阀的控制，可以切换模拟烟气出口管路和真空抽吸再生管路的启停。
在进行二氧化碳吸附剂再生时，可以采用变温脱附再生方式或抽真空变压脱附再生方式。具体的，变温脱附再生方式可以利用温度控制器以及吸附反应器上的加热元件控制吸附反应器的温度，使吸附反应器吸附的二氧化碳脱附，脱附后的二氧化碳则经由模拟烟气出口管路进入尾气净化吸收装置，实现二氧化碳吸附剂再生；即，模拟烟气出口管路的接近吸附反应器的这一部分可作为变温脱附管路使用。抽真空变压脱附再生方式则是利用真空泵抽气，吸附反应器内变为负压，使吸附的二氧化碳脱附，脱附的二氧化碳气体经由吸附反应器流出，进入缓冲罐，由真空泵排出，再经三通阀排入尾气净化吸收装置。
利用该烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置进行二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测的
方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)设计模拟烟气的烟气成分和烟气流量，按照设计的模拟烟气提供含有氮气和二氧化碳的模拟气体供给装置1以及水蒸气发生器3，水蒸气发生器3的水蒸气流量可调；按照管路连接图将模拟气体供给装置和水蒸气发生器接入检测系统；
(2)在检测前，先打开氮气置换管路9上的切断阀，并调节温度控制器10，利用加热元件使吸附反应器11的温度升至150℃，氮气供给装置7中的氮气在氮气流量控制器8的控制下，经过烟气混合器4的预热，进入吸附反应器11中，以除去吸附反应器11中的水气和二氧化碳，老化时间约为2小时；
关闭氮气置换管路9上的切断阀，打开模拟气体管路5上的切断阀，以及水蒸气发生器3，模拟气体供给装置1中的氮气和二氧化碳在模拟气体流量控制器2的流量控制下进入烟气混合器4中预热、混合和稳流，水蒸气与预热后的氮气和二氧化碳形成模拟烟气，经由进气管路6进入吸附反应器11中，温度控制器10控制加热元件对吸附反应器11中的模拟烟气加热至吸附反应温度，二氧化碳吸附剂对二氧化碳进行吸附反应；
(3)吸附反应后的模拟烟气由吸附反应器11的出口输出，经过烟气冷却器15冷却以及干燥器16的干燥后进入二氧化碳分析仪17，二氧化碳分析仪17测定吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度，直至吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度与初始二氧化碳浓度接近或相同时(二氧化碳吸附剂达到饱和)，停止检测；按照吸附容量公式计算二氧化碳吸附剂的吸附容量；吸附容量公式如式(1)所示：
式(1)中：
q0：初始吸附容量q0，mmol/g；
M：吸附剂质量，g；
Qin：进口烟气总流量，ml/min；
Cin：进口烟气中二氧化碳体积分数，％；
C：出口烟气中二氧化碳体积分数，％；
t：吸附达到饱和时所消耗的时间，min；
T0：273K；
T：吸附工况温度(吸附反应温度)，K；
Vm：22.4L/mol。
(4)如对吸附反应器内的二氧化碳吸附剂进行再生，则可选择变温脱附再生方式或抽真空变压脱附方式；
变温脱附方式：关闭模拟气体管路5上的切断阀以及水蒸气发生器3，打开模拟烟气出口管路14上的控制阀，并调节三通阀23，使得尾气净化管路22打开，利用温度控制器10控制加热元件使吸附反应器11中的温度迅速升温至150℃，升温总时间约为15min，吸附反应器吸附的二氧化碳脱附，脱附后的二氧化碳经由吸附反应器11的出口流出，再依次经由模拟烟气出口管路14、三通阀23、尾气净化管路22进入尾气净化吸收装置21，以对二氧化碳进行吸收处理。
抽真空变压脱附方式：关闭模拟气体管路5上的切断阀以及水蒸气发生器3，打开真空抽吸再生管路20上的控制阀，启动真空泵19抽气30min，吸附反应器11内的压力变为-90KPa，使吸附的二氧化碳脱附，脱附的二氧化碳气体经由吸附反应器11的出口流出，进入缓冲罐18，由真空泵19排出，再经三通阀23后排入尾气净化吸收装置22。
在本实施例中，对固态胺吸附剂进行50次变温再生循环吸附反应，按照吸附剂循环衰减率公式(2)计算该固态胺吸附剂的循环衰减率：
W(％)＝(qn-q0)/q0×100 (2)
W(％)＝(qn-q0)/q0×100 (2)
式(2)中：
W——循环n次的衰减率，％；
q0——初始吸附容量q0，mmol/g；
qn——循环再生n次的吸附容量qn，mmol/g。
经计算，在本实施例中，固态胺吸附剂循环再生50次后的循环衰减率为3％。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
- 一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：包括烟气模拟控制单元、吸附反应单元和二氧化碳分析仪；所述烟气模拟控制单元包括模拟气体供给装置、模拟气体流量控制器、水蒸气发生器和烟气混合器；模拟气体供给装置、模拟气体流量控制器以及烟气混合器通过模拟气体管路依次连接，烟气混合器和水蒸气发生器通过进气管路与所述吸附反应单元连接；所述吸附反应单元包括温度控制器和吸附反应器，该吸附反应器中装填有二氧化碳吸附剂，且吸附反应器上安装有加热元件，加热元件与所述温度控制器连接；二氧化碳分析仪与吸附反应器的出口连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：还包括氮气置换单元，该氮气置换单元包括氮气供给装置和氮气流量控制器，该氮气供给装置、氮气流量控制器、烟气混合器通过氮气置换管路依次连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述吸附反应单元包括至少两个吸附反应器，该两个吸附反应器通过并联管路和/或串联管路连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：吸附反应器与二氧化碳分析仪之间还通过模拟烟气出口管路连接有烟气冷却器和干燥器。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：还包括通过真空抽吸再生管路连接的缓冲罐和真空泵，缓冲罐与吸附反应器的出口连接；所述真空抽吸再生管路与所述模拟烟气出口管路并联设置。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：还包括尾气净化吸收装置，该尾气净化吸收装置通过尾气净化管路与真空泵的出口以及所述模拟烟气出口管路连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述氮气置换管路以及模拟气体管路上均设有切断阀。
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置，其特征在于：所述尾气净化管路与模拟烟气出口管路之间通过三通阀连接；模拟烟气出口管路在接近吸附反应器出口处以及真空抽吸再生管路上均设有控制阀。
- 权利要求1至8任一项所述的烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：(1)设计模拟烟气的烟气成分和烟气流量，按照设计的模拟烟气提供含有氮气和二氧化碳的模拟气体供给装置以及水蒸气发生装置，(2)氮气和二氧化碳进入烟气混合器中进行预热，水蒸气与预热后的氮气和二氧化碳经由进气管路进入吸附反应器中，温度控制器控制加热元件对吸附反应器中的模拟烟气加热至反应温度，二氧化碳吸附剂对二氧化碳进行吸附反应；(3)吸附反应后的模拟烟气由吸附反应器的出口输出，进入二氧化碳分析仪，二氧化碳分析仪测定吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度，直至吸附反应后的模拟烟气中二氧化碳浓度与初始二氧化碳浓度接近或相同时，停止检测；按照吸附容量公式计算二氧化碳吸附剂的吸附容量。
- 根据权利要求9所述的烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，对二氧化碳吸附剂进行变温再生或抽真空变压再生后，进行步骤(2)和(3)，如此重复n次，计算再生n次后的二氧化碳吸附剂的吸附容量，根据吸附剂循环衰减率公式计算该二氧化碳吸附剂循环再生n次 后的循环衰减率。
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| CN114307534A (zh) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-04-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种空气直接捕集二氧化碳试验研究系统及方法 |
| CN115219381A (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | 一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法 |
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| KR100771230B1 (ko) * | 2006-09-13 | 2007-10-29 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 이산화탄소 흡착제와 촉매를 함유하는 세라믹 화이버지지체 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| CN111603889A (zh) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-01 | 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 | 一种工业烟气污染物净化用吸附剂性能小型测试系统 |
| CN113813927A (zh) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-21 | 河北中煤旭阳能源有限公司 | 泡沫炭基固体胺吸附剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114307534A (zh) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-04-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种空气直接捕集二氧化碳试验研究系统及方法 |
| CN115219381A (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | 一种烟气二氧化碳吸附剂性能检测装置及检测方法 |
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