WO2023243167A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023243167A1 WO2023243167A1 PCT/JP2023/010450 JP2023010450W WO2023243167A1 WO 2023243167 A1 WO2023243167 A1 WO 2023243167A1 JP 2023010450 W JP2023010450 W JP 2023010450W WO 2023243167 A1 WO2023243167 A1 WO 2023243167A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin material
- semiconductor device
- wiring board
- resin
- power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W74/00—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings
- H10W74/10—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition
- H10W74/111—Encapsulations, e.g. protective coatings characterised by their shape or disposition the semiconductor body being completely enclosed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W70/05—Manufacture or treatment of insulating or insulated package substrates, or of interposers, or of redistribution layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/40—Leadframes
- H10W70/479—Leadframes on or in insulating or insulated package substrates, interposers, or redistribution layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/67—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their insulating layers or insulating parts
- H10W70/68—Shapes or dispositions thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W70/00—Package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers [RDL]
- H10W70/60—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers
- H10W70/67—Insulating or insulated package substrates; Interposers; Redistribution layers characterised by their insulating layers or insulating parts
- H10W70/69—Insulating materials thereof
- H10W70/695—Organic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
- H10W40/10—Arrangements for heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device.
- the main components of power conversion equipment are power semiconductor devices (power modules) made of power semiconductor elements such as IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) and SiC-MOSFETs (Silicon Carbide-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors). be.
- Power semiconductor devices are electronic components that handle higher voltages and larger currents than normal electronic circuits. When increasing the current, the loss increases in proportion to the square of the current, and the amount of heat generated increases. In order to reduce this heat generation, it is necessary to increase the amount of conductors used in the power conversion device to lower the conductor resistance, and to cool the heat generated by the circuit components while mounting the circuit components on the printed circuit board.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration of a semiconductor device in which heat generated by electronic components is cooled by providing an opening in the housing and arranging a heat spreader in the opening of the housing.
- the power conversion device includes a semiconductor device in which a semiconductor element and a heat spreader are sealed with an insulating resin, and has an external terminal protruding from the insulating resin, and a power wiring layer on which the semiconductor device is mounted and connected to the external terminal.
- a wiring board the wiring board has a through hole, and the semiconductor device is connected to the external terminal and the power wiring layer on one side of the wiring board, and the semiconductor device has a through hole.
- the heat spreader and a portion of the insulating resin are arranged so as to protrude through the through hole to the other surface of the wiring board, and the semiconductor device is arranged such that a portion of the heat spreader and the insulating resin protrude through the through hole to the other surface of the wiring board, a flange portion facing or contacting the one surface of the wiring board so as to cover the gap between the inner circumferential surface of the through hole and the insulating resin of the semiconductor device in the through hole;
- at least one of the gaps between the one surface of the wiring board and the flange portion is filled with a first resin material, and the one surface of the wiring board is filled with the external terminal and the power wiring layer.
- a second resin material is applied to cover at least the connection portion with the second resin material.
- the power conversion device 100 is a device that converts the DC voltage of a battery into a pseudo AC voltage by switching the power semiconductor element 11, and drives a motor with high efficiency by this AC voltage.
- the power semiconductor element 11 includes, for example, an IGBT.
- the power module generates heat due to switching with a large current in the power semiconductor element 11, and the substrate 20, bus bar, and capacitor also generate heat due to the electrical resistance component of each material, which is proportional to the product of the square of the current flowing through each material. I get a fever.
- a conventional power conversion device 100 has a power semiconductor device 10 (hereinafter referred to as semiconductor device 10) arranged on a substrate 20 provided with a through hole.
- a gap 41 is formed between the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20.
- the semiconductor device 10 has a power semiconductor element 11 and heat spreaders 12 and 13 sealed with an insulating resin 16, and has an external terminal 15 protruding from the insulating resin 16.
- the semiconductor element 11 and the heat spreader 13 are bonded together using a bonding material 14 .
- a resin frame 32 made of a non-flowing resin material is formed at both ends of the substrate 20 on which the semiconductor device 10 is mounted.
- the substrate 20 has a power wiring layer 22 that is a circuit conductor connected to the external terminal 15, an insulating layer 21, and a through hole 23.
- the semiconductor device 10 handles a current of several A for a small device to several 100 A for a large device, depending on its output capacity.
- the width between the external terminals 15 increases from several mm to several tens of mm.
- the insulation distance between the terminals 15 of the semiconductor device 10 is reduced, and the insulation distance between the wirings 22 of the substrate 20 is correspondingly reduced. There is a need.
- the power converter 100C is a conventional power converter 100 in which a resin material 34 is applied to the substrate 20 and the external terminals 15 of the semiconductor device 10.
- the resin material 34 had a viscosity of 0.5 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C., and was applied so as to cover the wiring layer 22 of the substrate 20 and the external terminals 15. Thereafter, the resin material 34 is cured under predetermined conditions, but when the resin material 34 is applied or cured, the resin material 34 flows down from the gap between the substrate 20 and the semiconductor device 10, causing resin material leakage 35. There is. In this way, when the viscosity of the resin material 34 is lower than the predetermined standard, a problem arises in that the external terminal 15 cannot be covered with the resin material 34.
- the resin 34 A high electric field is applied to the void 26 due to the relationship between the dielectric constant of the void 26 and the dielectric constant of the void 26.
- the electric field becomes high, partial discharge occurs in the voids 26, partial discharge deterioration progresses in the resin material 34, and dielectric breakdown may occur between the terminals 15 and between the terminals 15 and the wiring 22.
- FIG. 4(a) is a sectional view of a power converter 100A according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4(b) is an upper plan view of the power converter 100A
- FIG. 4(c) is a plan view seen from below. It is.
- the following configuration is adopted in the power converter 100A of the present invention.
- the external terminals 15 and the power wiring layer 22 are connected to one side of the substrate 20, and the heat spreader 13 and part of the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 are connected to the through hole 24 (FIG. 6). It is arranged so as to extend through the substrate 20 and protrude to the other surface of the substrate 20 .
- the gap between the heat spreader 12 and the substrate 20 that is formed when the heat spreader 12 is inserted into the through hole 24 provided in the substrate 20 is created by making the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 slope.
- the gap 41a closer to the surface not covered by the substrate 20 is wider, and the gap 41b closer to the substrate 20 is narrower.
- the gap between the insulating resin 16 and the through hole 24 becomes wider in the direction in which the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 projects through the through hole 24 onto the other surface of the substrate 20 .
- the semiconductor device 10 has a flange portion 16a that faces or contacts one surface of the substrate 20 so as to cover the opening edge of the through hole 24 on one surface of the substrate 20 (FIG. 5). At least one of the gap between the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 24 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 in the through hole 24, or the gap between one side of the substrate 20 and the flange portion 16a is provided with a first The resin material 31 is filled. Furthermore, a second resin material 33 is coated on one side of the substrate 20 to cover at least the connecting portion between the external terminal 15 and the power wiring layer 22 .
- the second resin material 33 uses a resin material that has higher fluidity in a molten state than the first resin material 31.
- the substrate 20 has a resin frame 32 formed at the end of the surface coated with the second resin material 33 (one side of the substrate 20), and the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33 are , a resin with lower elasticity that is softer than the resin material used to form the resin frame 32 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 is used.
- the resin material with high fluidity used as the second resin material 33 is silicone, epoxy, or the like. By doing so, cracks formed between the resin materials 31, 33 and the substrate 20 and between the resin materials 31, 33 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device can be suppressed.
- the resin material (second resin material 33) can be cured as it is without leakage 35 of the resin material from the gap 41 between the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20, and the external terminal 15 can be provided with a power conversion device 100A that can cover the second resin material 33.
- the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33 may be cured by leaving them to cure at room temperature (room temperature curing resin material), or by heating them at 120° C. to cure them.
- a method using a heat-curable resin material may also be used.
- the first resin material 31 is formed only in the gap between one side of the substrate 20 and the flange portion 16a (see FIG. 5) of the semiconductor device 10, and the remaining The second resin material 33 is used to apply the resin material to the substrate 20 . Even if the application distribution of the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33 to the substrate 20 is changed in this manner, resin leakage 35 and the formation of voids 36 can be prevented.
- FIGS. 8(a) to 8(e) A method for creating the power conversion device 100A will be explained using FIGS. 8(a) to 8(e). First, a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10 and substrate 20 required for the power conversion device 100A will be described. Note that figures explaining each process are omitted, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are referred to for explanation of the mounted parts.
- the power semiconductor element 11 is bonded onto the heat spreader 12 via the bonding material (solder) 14, and a wire (not shown in the figure) is connected between the gate electrode of the power semiconductor element 11 and the external terminal 15. (not shown) for electrical connection.
- the heat spreader 13 is bonded to the surface of the power semiconductor element 11 opposite to the surface bonded to the heat spreader 12 via the bonding material 14.
- the power semiconductor element 11 and the heat spreaders 12, 13 are each coated with an insulating resin 16 by transfer molding, with the surfaces of the heat spreaders 12 and 13 exposed that are opposite to the surfaces joined to the power semiconductor element 11. sealed.
- the external terminals 15 are bent to complete the semiconductor device 10.
- the heat spreader 12 and the external terminals 15 are integrally molded with a lead frame.
- a multilayer printed wiring board 20 having four wiring layers is prepared. Note that since the current handled by the power converter 100A is several hundred A, copper foil of 200 ⁇ m (thicker than the copper foil commonly used in electronic devices) was used for the wiring layer 22 of the board 20.
- the insulating layer 21 of the substrate 20 uses a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin base material.
- Each wiring layer 22 of the substrate 20 has copper foil etched in advance so as to form a circuit of the power converter 100.
- a through hole 24 where the semiconductor device 10 is placed and a through hole 23 for inserting the external terminal 15 are formed in the substrate 20, and the substrate 20 is completed.
- FIG. 8A the semiconductor device 10 is placed in the through hole 24 of the substrate 20 so that the heat spreader 12 side is on the insertion side (lower side).
- the external terminals 15 of the semiconductor device 10 were inserted into the through holes 23 of the substrate 20.
- FIG. 8(b) molten solder 30 was poured into the through hole using a flow soldering device to electrically connect the through hole 23 and the external terminal 15.
- FIG. 8C the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20 are turned over, a first resin material 31 having a viscosity of 30 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C.
- the first resin material 31 was applied so as to cover the wiring layer 22, and the first resin material 31 was cured under predetermined conditions.
- the surface (first surface 12a) of the heat spreader 12 of the semiconductor device 10 protruding from the other surface of the substrate 20 is placed outside the other surface of the substrate 20 so as not to be covered with the first resin material 31. will be placed in By doing so, the first resin material 31 or the second resin material 33 is not formed on the first surface 12a.
- the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20 are turned over and placed in the same state as in FIG. 8(b), and a non-fluid
- the resin frame 32 is made of a synthetic resin material.
- a second resin material 33 having a viscosity of 0.5 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. is applied to a height that covers the wiring layer 22 of the substrate 20, and the resin material 33 is applied under predetermined curing conditions. It was cured to complete a power converter device 100A. Note that by including fillers with different contents in the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33, a similar production method can be performed using the same resin material.
- the filler content of the first resin material 31 is equal to the filler content of the second resin material 33. More than quantity.
- the filler is, for example, a powder component such as aluminum or silica, and the higher the content, the higher the viscosity.
- FIG. 9A A method for creating the power conversion device 100B will be described using FIGS. 9(a) to 9(h). Note that for the power conversion device 100B, the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20 is the same as that of the power conversion device 100A described with reference to FIG.
- a first resin material 31 having a viscosity of 100 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. was applied to the surface of the semiconductor device 10 facing the flange portion 16a around the through hole 24 of the substrate 20.
- the semiconductor device 10 is placed in the through hole 24 of the substrate 20 with the lower heat spreader 12 side facing downward, and the external terminal 15 of the semiconductor device 10 is inserted into the through hole 24 of the substrate 20.
- molten solder 30 was poured into the through hole 23 using a flow soldering device to electrically connect the through hole 23 and the external terminal 15.
- a non-flowing resin material is attached to the end of one surface of the substrate 20 (the surface on which the first resin material 31 is formed and in contact with the flange portion 16a of the semiconductor device 10).
- a resin frame 32 was formed.
- a second resin material 33 having a viscosity of 0.5 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. is applied to a height that covers the wiring layer 22 of the board 20, and the resin material 33 is cured under predetermined curing conditions. Ta.
- FIG. 9(e) a non-flowing resin material is attached to the end of one surface of the substrate 20 (the surface on which the first resin material 31 is formed and in contact with the flange portion 16a of the semiconductor device 10).
- a resin frame 32 was formed.
- a second resin material 33 having a viscosity of 0.5 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. is applied to a height that covers
- the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20 were reversed, and a resin frame 32 was also formed at the end of the other surface of the substrate 20 using a non-flowable resin material.
- a second resin material 33 having a viscosity of 0.5 Pa ⁇ s at 25° C. is applied to a height that covers the wiring layer 22 of the board 20, and the resin material 33 is cured under predetermined curing conditions. Ta.
- FIG. 9(h) after curing the resin material 33, the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20 were again turned over by 180 degrees to complete the power conversion device 100B.
- an AC voltage is applied between the external terminals 15 of the semiconductor device 10 using a partial discharge measurement device, and when the AC voltage is gradually increased from 0 V, a partial discharge occurs in each sample.
- the voltage (partial discharge inception voltage) was measured. Note that since the external terminals 15 of the semiconductor device 10 are inserted into the through holes 23 of the substrate 20 and joined with solder, a voltage is also applied to the wiring 22 of the substrate 20. Note that the threshold value for determining that a partial discharge has occurred was set to 10 pC, and the test voltage for partial discharge was set to a maximum of 2.5 kVrms.
- FIG. 10(a) shows the test results for the power conversion device 100A.
- the test results showed that the second resin material 33 could be filled in the upper part of the external terminal 15 of the semiconductor device 10 and the gap between the external terminal 15 and the substrate 20 without any voids 36, so that no partial discharge occurred. Further, even at the maximum test voltage of 2.5 kVrms, no partial discharge occurred, and no dielectric breakdown occurred.
- FIG. 10(b) shows the test results for the power conversion device 100B.
- the test results show that, similarly to the power conversion device 100A, the second resin material 33 could be filled in the upper part of the external terminal 15 of the semiconductor device 10 and in the gap between the external terminal 15 and the substrate 20 without any voids 36. No discharge occurred. Further, even at the maximum test voltage of 2.5 kVrms, no partial discharge occurred, and no dielectric breakdown occurred.
- FIG. 10(c) shows the test results for the power conversion device 100C.
- discharge with a charge amount of 1000 pC or more was detected at an applied voltage exceeding 1.7 kVrms.
- dielectric breakdown flashover occurred between the external terminals 15. This is because the external terminals 15 are exposed due to leakage of the resin material 34 from the gap between the semiconductor device 10 and the substrate 20, and creeping discharge occurs between the external terminals 15, resulting in dielectric breakdown. This is thought to be the cause.
- FIG. 10(d) shows the test results for the power conversion device 100D.
- partial discharge began to occur at an applied voltage exceeding 1.7 kVrms, and exceeded the threshold for partial discharge occurrence of 10 pC at 1.8 kVrms. Thereafter, the voltage was increased to 2.0 kVrms, and the amount of discharged charge became about 40 pC, and even at the maximum test voltage of 2.5 kVrms, the amount of discharged charge remained at about 40 pC, and no dielectric breakdown occurred. This did not result in dielectric breakdown between the external terminals 15 because the upper parts of the external terminals 15 were covered with a resin material, but because a void 36 was formed under the external terminals 15, partial discharge occurred.
- the power converters 100A and 100B of the present invention have better insulation reliability than the conventional power converters 100C and 100D.
- the power conversion devices 100A and 100B can further reduce the insulation distance between the external terminals 15 and the insulation distance between the wiring 22 of the substrate 20 and the wiring. This can contribute to reducing main circuit inductance and downsizing.
- the power semiconductor element 11 having a high breakdown voltage may be applied to the semiconductor device 10 and the power conversion devices 100A and 100B.
- Coolers 51 were provided on both sides of the power converter 100A of the present invention, and an electrically insulating heat sink 52 was provided between the power converter 100A and the cooler 51.
- the power conversion device 100A of the present invention can be mounted on a vehicle such as an EV or HEV.
- the power conversion device 100A includes a semiconductor element 11 and heat spreaders 12 and 13 sealed with an insulating resin 16, a semiconductor device 10 having an external terminal 15 protruding from the insulating resin 16, a semiconductor device 10 mounted, and an external A wiring board 20 having a power wiring layer 22 connected to the terminal 15 is provided.
- the wiring board 20 has a through hole 24
- the semiconductor device 10 has an external terminal 15 and a power wiring layer 22 connected to each other on one side of the wiring board 20 , and a heat spreader 12 and an insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 . is arranged so as to protrude to the other surface of the wiring board 20 through the through hole 24 .
- the semiconductor device 10 has a flange portion 16 a that faces or contacts one side of the wiring board 20 so as to cover the opening edge of the through hole 24 on one side of the wiring board 20 .
- At least one of the gap 41 between the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 24 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 in the through hole 24, or the gap between one side of the wiring board 20 and the flange portion 16a includes: The first resin material 31 is filled.
- a second resin material 33 is applied to one side of the wiring board 20 to cover at least the connection portion between the external terminal 15 and the power wiring layer 22.
- the second resin material 33 is a resin material that has higher fluidity in a molten state than the first resin material 31. By doing this, resin leakage does not occur from the gap between the substrate 20 and the flange portion 16a of the semiconductor device 10.
- the first surface 12a protruding from the other surface of the wiring board 20 is arranged outside the other surface of the wiring board 20, and the first resin material 31 or the second resin material 33 is , are not formed on the first surface 12a. This prevents the resin material from forming on the heat spreader surface 12a.
- the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33 contain filler, and the content of the filler in the first resin material 31 is greater than the content of the filler in the second resin material 33. . By doing this, even if the same resin material is used for the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33, the viscosity can be differentiated depending on the filler content.
- the wiring board 20 forms a resin frame 32 at the end of the surface coated with the second resin material 33, and the first resin material 31 and the second resin material 33 This resin has lower elasticity than the resin material used for forming the semiconductor device 10 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device 10 . By doing so, cracks formed between the resin materials 31, 33 and the substrate 20 or between the resin materials 31, 33 and the insulating resin 16 of the semiconductor device can be suppressed.
- Power semiconductor device 11 Power semiconductor element 12: Heat spreader (Collector side of IGBT) 12a: First surface 13: Heat spreader (emitter side of IGBT) 14: Bonding material 15: External terminal 16: Insulating resin 16a: Flange portion 20: Printed wiring board 21: Insulating layer of printed wiring board 22: Circuit conductor of printed wiring board (power wiring layer) 23: Through hole 24: Through hole in printed wiring board 30: Bonding material (solder) 31: First resin material 32: Resin frame 33: Second resin material 34: Resin material (conventional) 35: Leakage of resin material 36: Unfilled part of resin (void) 41: Gap between power semiconductor device and printed wiring board 41a: Gap near the first surface 41b: Gap near the board 51: Cooler 52: Electrically insulating heat dissipating material 100: Conventional power converter 100A: Power of the present invention Conversion device 100B: Power conversion device 100C of modified example: Power conversion device with first problem 100D: Power conversion device with second problem
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Abstract
Description
(図1)
図1(a)は従来の電力変換装置の断面図、図1(b)は従来の電力変換装置の上方視点からの平面図である。電力変換装置100は、パワー半導体装置10(パワーモジュール)、プリント配線基板20(以下基板20)、バスバ、キャパシタ等で構成される。なお、基板20の内層の配線層は省略し図示はしていない。
従来の半導体装置100に樹脂封止を行った場合の課題点をあげる。電力変換装置100Cは、従来の電力変換装置100において、基板20と半導体装置10の外部端子15に樹脂材34を塗布したものである。なお、樹脂材34は、25℃での粘度が0.5Pa・sのものを採用し、基板20の配線層22および外部端子15を覆うように塗布した。その後、所定の条件で樹脂材34を硬化させているが、樹脂材34の塗布時または硬化時に、基板20と半導体装置10の隙間から樹脂材34が流れ落ち、樹脂材の漏れ35が発生している。このように所定の基準よりも樹脂材34の粘度が低い場合には、外部端子15を樹脂材34で覆うことができないという課題が発生する。
また、従来の電力変換装置100に樹脂封止を行った場合の別の課題点をあげる。電力変換装置100Dは、従来の電力変換装置100において、基板20と半導体装置10の外部端子15に樹脂材34を塗布したものであるが、樹脂材34は図2よりも粘度が高い25℃での粘度が30Pa・sのものを採用した。その後、所定の条件で樹脂材34を硬化させているが、図2とは異なり、基板20と半導体装置10の隙間からの樹脂漏れは防止できているものの、外部端子15と基板20との隙間に樹脂34が充填されない空間(ボイド)36が形成されている。
図4(a)が本発明の一実施形態に係る、電力変換装置100Aの断面図、図4(b)が電力変換装置100Aの上方平面図、図4(c)が下方から見た平面図である。従来の電力変換装置100C、100Dで生じた課題を解消するため、本発明の電力変換装置100Aにおいて、下記の構成を採用する。
(図7)
本発明の変形例である電力変換装置100Bは、基板20の一方面と半導体装置10のフランジ部16a(図5参照)との間の隙間部分のみに第1の樹脂材31が形成され、残りの基板20に対しての樹脂材の塗布は、第2の樹脂材33が用いられる。このように基板20に対しての第1の樹脂材31と第2の樹脂材33の塗布配分を変えても、樹脂漏れ35やボイド36の形成を防ぐことができる。
(図8)
図8(a)~図8(e)を用いて電力変換装置100Aの作成方法を説明する。まず、電力変換装置100Aに必要な半導体装置10と基板20の作成方法について述べる。なお、それぞれ工程を説明する図は省略し、搭載部品の説明は図5、図6を参照する。
(図9)
図9(a)~図9(h)を用いて電力変換装置100Bの作成方法を説明する。なお、電力変換装置100Bについて、半導体装置10と基板20の製造方法は、図8で説明した電力変換装置100Aと同様である。図9(a)において、基板20の貫通孔24周囲において半導体装置10のフランジ部16aと対向する表面に、25℃での粘度が100Pa・sの第1の樹脂材31を塗布した。続いて、図9(b)において、基板20の貫通孔24に半導体装置10の下部のヒートスプレッダ12側を下側になるように配置するとともに、半導体装置10の外部端子15を基板20のスルーホール23に挿入し、第1の樹脂材31を所定の条件で硬化することで、半導体装置10と基板20を固定し、かつ半導体装置10の基板20の隙間を塞いだ。
本発明による電力変換装置100A、変形例の電力変換装置100B、従来の電力変換装置100C、100D、それぞれについての絶縁信頼性の効果を検証するため、部分放電試験を実施した結果を、以下で説明する。
本発明の電力変換装置100Aの両面に冷却器51を設け、電力変換装置100Aと冷却器51との間には、電気絶縁性放熱剤52を設けた。このようにすることで、本発明の電力変換装置100Aを、EVやHEV等の車両へ搭載できる。
11:パワー半導体素子
12:ヒートスプレッダ(IGBTのコレクタ側)
12a:第1の面
13:ヒートスプレッダ(IGBTのエミッタ側)
14:接合材
15:外部端子
16:絶縁樹脂
16a:フランジ部
20:プリント配線基板
21:プリント配線基板の絶縁層
22:プリント配線基板の回路導体(電力配線層)
23:スルーホール
24:プリント配線基板の貫通孔
30:接合材(はんだ)
31:第1の樹脂材
32:樹脂枠
33:第2の樹脂材
34:樹脂材(従来)
35:樹脂材の漏れ
36:樹脂の未充填部(ボイド)
41:パワー半導体装置とプリント配線基板の隙間
41a:第1の面に近い隙間
41b:基板に近い隙間
51:冷却器
52:電気絶縁性放熱材
100:従来の電力変換装置
100A:本発明の電力変換装置
100B:変形例の電力変換装置
100C:第1の課題を抱える電力変換装置
100D:第2の課題を抱える電力変換装置
Claims (6)
- 半導体素子およびヒートスプレッダが絶縁樹脂で封止され、前記絶縁樹脂から突出する外部端子を有する半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置が実装され、前記外部端子と接続される電力配線層を有する配線基板と、を備え、
前記配線基板は、貫通孔を有し、
前記半導体装置は、前記配線基板の一方面において、前記外部端子と前記電力配線層とが接続されるとともに、前記半導体装置の前記ヒートスプレッダおよび前記絶縁樹脂の一部が、前記貫通孔を通って前記配線基板の他方面に突出するように配置され、
前記半導体装置は、前記配線基板の前記一方面における前記貫通孔の開口縁を覆うようにして、前記配線基板の前記一方面と対向または接触するフランジ部を有し、
前記貫通孔の内周面と前記貫通孔内の前記半導体装置の前記絶縁樹脂との間の隙間、または、前記配線基板の前記一方面と前記フランジ部との間の隙間の少なくとも一方には、第1の樹脂材が充填され、
前記配線基板の一方面には、前記外部端子と前記電力配線層との接続部を少なくとも覆う第2の樹脂材が塗布されている
電力変換装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電力変換装置であって、
前記第2の樹脂材は、前記第1の樹脂材よりも溶融状態での流動性が高い樹脂材である
電力変換装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電力変換装置であって、
前記貫通孔を通って前記配線基板の他方面に前記絶縁樹脂が突出する方向に従って、前記絶縁樹脂と前記貫通孔との隙間が広くなる
電力変換装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電力変換装置であって、
前記ヒートスプレッダは、前記配線基板の他方面に突出する第1の面が、前記配線基板の他方面よりも外側に配置され、
第1の樹脂材または第2の樹脂材は、前記第1の面には形成されない
電力変換装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電力変換装置であって、
前記第1の樹脂材および前記第2の樹脂材にはフィラーが含まれ、前記第1の樹脂材の前記フィラーの含有量は、前記第2の樹脂材の前記フィラーの含有量よりも多い
電力変換装置。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換装置であって、
前記配線基板は、前記第2の樹脂材が塗布されている面の端部に樹脂枠を形成し、
前記第1の樹脂材および前記第2の樹脂材は、前記樹脂枠の形成に用いられる樹脂材および前記半導体装置の前記絶縁樹脂よりも低弾性の樹脂である
電力変換装置。
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| US18/841,795 US20250167059A1 (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2023-03-16 | Power conversion device |
| CN202380024930.8A CN118805328A (zh) | 2022-06-15 | 2023-03-16 | 电力转换装置 |
| DE112023000481.1T DE112023000481T5 (de) | 2022-06-15 | 2023-03-16 | Leistungsumwandlungsvorrichtung |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009081246A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 半導体実装基板及びその製造方法 |
| JP2012043875A (ja) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電力用半導体装置 |
| WO2013065316A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電力変換器 |
| WO2014175062A1 (ja) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | パワー半導体モジュールおよびその製造方法、電力変換器 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11784105B2 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2023-10-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Semiconductor device and power converter |
| JP7580233B2 (ja) * | 2020-10-01 | 2024-11-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置およびホイール内蔵システム |
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- 2023-03-16 CN CN202380024930.8A patent/CN118805328A/zh active Pending
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- 2023-03-16 DE DE112023000481.1T patent/DE112023000481T5/de active Pending
- 2023-03-16 WO PCT/JP2023/010450 patent/WO2023243167A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009081246A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 半導体実装基板及びその製造方法 |
| JP2012043875A (ja) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電力用半導体装置 |
| WO2013065316A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | 富士電機株式会社 | 電力変換器 |
| WO2014175062A1 (ja) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | パワー半導体モジュールおよびその製造方法、電力変換器 |
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| JP2023183301A (ja) | 2023-12-27 |
| CN118805328A (zh) | 2024-10-18 |
| JP7830242B2 (ja) | 2026-03-16 |
| DE112023000481T5 (de) | 2024-12-24 |
| US20250167059A1 (en) | 2025-05-22 |
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