WO2023241519A1 - Bim构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置 - Google Patents

Bim构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2023241519A1
WO2023241519A1 PCT/CN2023/099727 CN2023099727W WO2023241519A1 WO 2023241519 A1 WO2023241519 A1 WO 2023241519A1 CN 2023099727 W CN2023099727 W CN 2023099727W WO 2023241519 A1 WO2023241519 A1 WO 2023241519A1
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Prior art keywords
bim
component
parameter
bim component
file
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PCT/CN2023/099727
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方长建
赵广坡
康永君
龙卫国
谢伟
赖逸峰
赵一静
Original Assignee
中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202210658876.XA external-priority patent/CN114757661B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210977780.XA external-priority patent/CN115081093A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210983786.8A external-priority patent/CN115048588B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211381668.6A external-priority patent/CN115544630B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211512160.5A external-priority patent/CN115828388A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211650048.8A external-priority patent/CN116011065A/zh
Application filed by 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 filed Critical 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司
Priority to US18/498,932 priority Critical patent/US20240061969A1/en
Publication of WO2023241519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023241519A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
    • G06F16/9535Search customisation based on user profiles and personalisation

Definitions

  • the Intellectual Property Office’s application number is 202211512160.5 and is entitled to the priority of the Chinese patent application titled “BIM model construction method and device, computer equipment and readable storage medium”, and is required to be submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 21, 2022
  • the priority of the Chinese patent application with application number 202211650048.8 and titled “BIM component parameter adding method, device, storage medium and electronic equipment”, the entire content of the above patent application is incorporated into this application by reference.
  • This application relates to the field of construction information technology, specifically, to a BIM component creation method, digital design resource library application method and device.
  • BIM component resources are the basic units that constitute the BIM model. They are the transmission carrier of geometric information and non-geometric information of the BIM model. They are also the main content of the BIM component resource library of construction engineering enterprises.
  • the BIM component resource library is one of the basic conditions for the comprehensive application of digital technology in the construction engineering industry, and is the basic guarantee for the construction industry to realize the digital transformation of production, management, and services.
  • a component is the smallest data unit and geometric unit composed of a BIM model. It is the smallest unique item with a fixed value for a key attribute parameter or a set of multiple key attribute parameters in the project.
  • the enterprise component resource library is a collection of multiple components that comply with this standard and is reflected in BIM software.
  • Autodesk Revit software is a collection of multiple loadable BIM component files in .rfa format that comply with the usage standard.
  • BIM components are elements in modeling software and are also carriers of parameter information. The values corresponding to multiple attribute parameters of a BIM component may be different, corresponding to multiple BIM component types.
  • BIM component resource libraries related to construction projects around the world are still very immature, and there is still a lack of systematicity in the formation, management and application of BIM component resource libraries.
  • the purpose of this application includes, for example, providing a BIM component creation method, digital design resource library application method and device, which can realize efficient and systematic resource library formation and management.
  • this application provides a BIM component creation method, which method includes:
  • the transition probability information includes the execution probability of the next arbitrary creation instruction after the current creation instruction, and the recommended creation instruction includes the first preset number of creation instructions sorted from large to small according to the execution probability;
  • the new creation instruction is executed.
  • this application provides a digital design resource library application method, which method includes:
  • BIM components are created using a variety of different creation methods, including BIM component creation methods based on automatic extraction of BIM models, BIM component creation methods based on Rhino component conversion, and BIM component creation methods based on the aforementioned implementation methods.
  • this application provides a BIM component creation device, which includes:
  • An acquisition unit used to acquire recommended creation instructions based on the current creation instructions and transition probability information for creating the BIM component
  • the transition probability information includes the execution probability of the next arbitrary creation instruction after the current creation instruction, and the recommended creation instruction package Including the creation instructions of the first preset number of digits sorted from large to small according to the execution probability;
  • a display unit used to display the recommendation creation instructions on the recommendation interface
  • An execution unit configured to execute a new creation instruction when any one of the recommended creation instructions is determined to be a new creation instruction.
  • this application provides a digital design resource library application device, which includes:
  • the creation unit is used to create BIM components using a variety of different creation methods, including the creation method of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models and the creation method of BIM components based on Rhino component conversion. And the creation method implemented under the BIM component creation device described in the aforementioned embodiment;
  • the application unit is used to add parameters in batches to the BIM components for which parameters need to be added, and after the creator binds the geometric parameters of the BIM components after adding parameters, performs geometric parameter binding on the BIM components.
  • Visual verification storing the BIM components that have passed the verification into the digital design resource library.
  • This application provides a BIM component creation method, digital design resource library application method and device.
  • recommended creation instructions are displayed on the recommendation interface for user selection. The user directly selects the recommended creation on the recommendation interface. Compared with selecting the next instruction from the instruction library, the selection efficiency is higher and the technical cost requirements are reduced, which can improve the creation efficiency of BIM components.
  • BIM component creation methods including the creation of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models, and the creation of BIM components based on Rhino rhino component conversion. methods and methods based on the creation of BIM components through recommended creation instructions. On the basis of improving the efficiency of BIM component creation, it can further improve the efficiency of digital design resource library creation. Moreover, by batch adding parameters to BIM components, and after the creator binds the geometric parameters of the BIM components after adding parameters, the geometric parameters of the BIM components are visually verified, and the BIM components that pass the verification are stored in the digital design in the resource library. In this way, batch addition of parameters and parameterization capability verification of BIM components can be effectively realized, thereby achieving the formation and management of an efficient and systematic digital design resource library.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the digital design resource library application method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical route of the digital design resource library application method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is another flow chart of the digital design resource library application method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the BIM component creation method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical roadmap for BIM component creation based on recommended creation instructions provided by the embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component creation command recommendation system of the Markov chain transition probability matrix provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component creation software system setting operation interface based on Markov chain provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the usage effect of the Markov chain-based BIM component creation system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S11 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical route for automatic refining of BIM models provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component naming standard provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 12 is another flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S11 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical route for converting rhinoceros components into BIM components provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 14 is one of the schematic formats of object definitions in the ply file provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is the second schematic format of the object definition in the ply file provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic code of the algorithm for converting a 3dm format file into a ply format file provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic code of the algorithm for parsing ply format files provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S12 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the plug-in interface of the BIM component modification module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the parameter information interface of the plug-in of the BIM component modification module provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 21 is a flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S13 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical route for visual verification of BIM component parameters provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the parameter set of the BIM component provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the JSON format data set of BIM components provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of dynamic assignment of BIM component parameters to variables provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component visual data-driven inspection interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the BIM component visual data-driven inspection software interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the usage flow of the driver verification software provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 29 is a flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S14 in Figure 3;
  • Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of the overall technical route for BIM component recommendation based on cosine similarity provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the data section creation process provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 32 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relevant other component data in the acquired data section provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component application scenario data set component collection system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the BIM component recommendation system based on application scenarios provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 35 is a flow chart of the sub-steps included in step S15 in Figure 3;
  • Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of data placeholders and data placemaps provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 37 is a schematic diagram of the initial interface of the plug-in related to the BIM model construction based on data occupancy provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 38 is a schematic diagram of four areas of plug-ins related to BIM model construction based on data occupancy provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the standard Cartesian coordinate system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 40 is a visual schematic diagram of the first type of placeholder provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 41 is a visual schematic diagram of the second type of placeholder provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of an example of the data placeholder drawing results provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 43 is an overall flow chart of building a BIM model based on data occupancy provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the drawing area, the visualization area and the viewing area provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the visualization area, the drawing area and the viewing area provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 46 is one of the usage methods of the plug-in built based on the BIM model based on data occupancy provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 47 is the second way of using the plug-in built based on the BIM model provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 48 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 49 is a functional module block diagram of the BIM component creation device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 50 is a functional module block diagram of the digital design resource library application device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a digital design resource library application method.
  • the method can be executed by a digital design resource library application device.
  • the device can be implemented in the form of software and/or hardware. This device can be configured in the terminal. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • S11 uses a variety of different creation methods to create BIM components.
  • creation methods including the creation method of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models, the creation method of BIM components based on Rhino component conversion, and the creation method of BIM components based on recommended creation instructions.
  • BIM component creation methods when creating the digital design resource library, a variety of different BIM component creation methods are used, including the creation method of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models, and the creation of BIM components based on Rhino rhino component conversion. methods and methods based on the creation of BIM components through recommended creation instructions. On the basis of improving the efficiency of BIM component creation, it can further improve the efficiency of digital design resource library creation. Moreover, by batch adding parameters to BIM components, and after the creator binds the geometric parameters of the BIM components after adding parameters, the geometric parameters of the BIM components are visually verified, and the BIM components that pass the verification are stored in the digital design in the resource library. In this way, batch addition of parameters and parameterization capability verification of BIM components can be effectively realized, thereby achieving the formation and management of an efficient and systematic digital design resource library.
  • the digital design resource library application method provided in this embodiment also includes the following steps:
  • the above-mentioned creation of BIM components can be realized by the BIM component generation module, including BIM component creation based on automatic extraction of BIM models, BIM component creation based on recommended creation instructions, and Rhino component conversion.
  • BIM component creation The batch addition of parameters of BIM components can be implemented by the BIM component modification module, and the visual testing of geometric parameters of BIM components can be performed. Certification can be achieved by the BIM component verification module.
  • it also has a BIM component application module to implement BIM component recommendation based on cosine similarity and BIM model construction based on data placement.
  • this digital design resource library first involves the creation of BIM components.
  • the creation of BIM components can be achieved using a variety of creation methods, one of which is a BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions.
  • the following first introduces the implementation of the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions.
  • FIG 4 is a flow chart of a BIM component creation method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the creation method is a BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions.
  • the method can be executed by a BIM component creation device, which can be implemented in software and/or hardware, and which can be configured in a terminal. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes:
  • the transition probability information includes the execution probability of the next arbitrary creation instruction after the current creation instruction
  • the recommended creation instructions include the first preset number of creation instructions sorted from large to small according to the execution probability.
  • the current creation instructions can be obtained from the BIM software application programming interface (Application Programming Interface, API) interface of the BIM software.
  • the transition probability information is a Markov chain transition probability matrix.
  • the BIM software may be but is not limited to Revit software.
  • the Markov chain transition probability matrix P is constructed as follows, and any p is an unknown number.
  • order l represents the lth creation instruction
  • s represents the total number of creation instructions used by the user in the process of creating BIM components
  • p(f,g) represents the execution of the creation instruction (order l) after the creation instruction (order l ).
  • g the execution probability of creating an instruction (order g ) after creating an instruction (order l ).
  • the execution probability of the next arbitrary creation instruction after the current creation instruction can be learned, and then the recommended creation instruction can be determined.
  • the preset number of bits may be greater than or equal to 1, for example, selecting the creation instruction with the highest execution probability as the recommended creation instruction, or selecting The top 5 creation instructions ranked by execution probability are used as recommended creation instructions.
  • transition probability information can be presented in the form of a matrix or other forms, such as sets, sequences, and tables, which are not limited here.
  • the recommendation interface can be displayed through the display, and the recommendation interface can be a plug-in interface.
  • the recommendation interface can be a plug-in interface.
  • the user By displaying recommended creation instructions on the recommendation interface for users to choose, the user directly selects the recommended operation instructions on the recommendation interface. Compared with selecting the next instruction from the instruction library, the selection efficiency is higher and the technical cost requirements are lower. Reduce, thereby improving the creation efficiency of BIM components.
  • new creation instructions can be executed through the corresponding BIM software.
  • the new creation instruction is a creation instruction to be executed.
  • the BIM component creation method based on the recommended creation instructions displayed by this embodiment displays the recommended creation instructions on the recommendation interface for the user to select.
  • the user directly selects the recommended operation instructions on the recommendation interface, as opposed to selecting the recommended operation instructions from the instruction library. Selecting the next step of instructions has higher selection efficiency and lower technical cost requirements, which can improve the creation efficiency of BIM components.
  • the newly executed creation instruction can be used as a new current creation instruction, and creation instruction recommendation is repeated.
  • the probability distribution of the Markov chain is completely determined by its one-step probability matrix p(1) and the initial distribution probability p(order f ). That is, any operation command used by the user in the process of creating a BIM component is only related to the initially formed transition probability matrix. It is related to the initial distribution, and for command recommendation, the initial state is known, and only all possible commands and their probabilities for executing the next step need to be considered.
  • the transition probability of moving step x from order f to state order g is p(f,g), that is, the f-th row and g-th column of P(x).
  • the probability matrix P(1) of the next state For the recommendation of BIM component creation commands, only one step of transfer is needed to obtain the probability matrix P(1) of the next state. Further, the current operation command order f can be obtained from the probability matrix P(1) and transferred to any other operation command.
  • the command name and command id of the next executed command can be obtained.
  • the command name can be selected by the user, and the command id can be used as an input parameter for executing the next command.
  • This embodiment also provides a possible implementation method for how to obtain transition probability information, that is, before obtaining recommended creation instructions based on the current creation instructions and transition probability information for creating BIM components, the BIM component creation method also includes the following steps :
  • the log records include the historical creation instructions used by the creator in the process of creating BIM components and the order in which the historical creation instructions were executed. All historical creation instructions are determined based on the log records. , counts the frequency of occurrence of any combination of instructions in the log records, where the instruction combination is a combination of any two adjacent historical creation instructions; counts the number of combinations corresponding to any historical creation instruction in the log records, where the number of combinations is The number of instruction combinations in which the historical creation instruction is the first instruction; based on the frequency and the number of combinations, the execution probability of any historical creation instruction after each historical creation instruction is determined to generate transition probability information.
  • the creator can be the user himself or a model object with high BIM component efficiency.
  • you can collect as many log records of the same user as possible, and the created transition probability information can improve the user experience.
  • log records may not be 1, for example, m log records corresponding to the creation of log files for obtaining m BIM components.
  • any BIM component creation instruction in any log record as:
  • the value range is ⁇ 1, n i ⁇ , n i represents the total number of creation instructions in the i-th log record.
  • squence i Use squence i to express the BIM component creation instruction sequence in the log record created by a BIM component. After traversing a log record, an instruction sequence is formed, and the creation instructions read during the traversal process are stored in squence i , which contains Multiple creation instructions
  • Table 1 is used to show some of the creation instructions in a log record obtained.
  • any BIM component instruction sequence sequence sequence i has a corresponding set of BIM component creation instructions. correspond.
  • order l represents the l-th creation instruction in the second instruction set Q, which is different for any order f and order g .
  • order l ⁇ name l ,id l ⁇
  • name represents the name of the creation instruction
  • id represents the id of the creation instruction
  • creation instructions in the second instruction set Q are all historical creation instructions.
  • any command in the BIM component operation sequence sequence i There is a certain degree of randomness and repeatability in the distribution, and it must exist Therefore, it is necessary to loop through the BIM component operation sequence squence i and iterate statistics and the next command after it appears, that is, the statistical command combination
  • the counted instruction combination sequence is recorded as O, and is expressed as follows:
  • the instruction combination sequence O contains any instruction combination in the BIM component creation operation log record In order to conveniently count all instruction combinations and their corresponding quantities, all instruction combination sequence splicing loops are taken out and spliced together, and a one-dimensional space instruction sequence set S can be obtained.
  • the instruction combination sequence O contains any instruction combination in the BIM component creation operation log record
  • all the instruction combination sequence splicing loops are taken out and spliced together, and the one-dimensional space instruction sequence set S can be obtained:
  • the frequency of occurrence of any instruction combination in the log records can be counted.
  • the Markov chain transition probability matrix can be obtained:
  • this embodiment provides a possible implementation method, which can be implemented in the following ways:
  • log files are used to diagnose problems or ensure that the program is running properly. This file is also present in BIM software. , which can be easily obtained from the computer's default location.
  • the log file also contains related instructions for BIM model operations and BIM component operations. In terms of log file collection, in order to make the data more representative, you can collect as many log files as possible from the same user (creator), and the created transition probability matrix can improve the experience of a single user.
  • the log file can be obtained under the path "%LOCALAPPDATA% ⁇ Autodesk ⁇ Revit ⁇ product name and version> ⁇ Journals".
  • the log files under this path include project operation logs and component operation logs.
  • the lines in the log file are read in order, so that the log records include the historical creation instructions used by the creator in the process of creating BIM components and the execution of historical creation instructions. order. That is, the historical creation instructions in the log records are arranged according to the execution order of the UI.
  • the first characteristic string is, for example, "Create a new project”
  • the second characteristic string is, for example, "Create a new family”. It should be noted that family is a subordinate concept of BIM components.
  • the log file contains two types of logs, including project operation logs and component operation logs. After reading each log file, corresponding log records can be generated.
  • some creation instructions in the BIM software can be preprocessed.
  • the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions provided in this embodiment may also include the following steps:
  • the new creation instruction is executed and the transition probability information is updated.
  • any recommended creation instruction is determined as a new creation instruction.
  • any one of the recommended creation instructions is determined to be a new creation instruction, it means that the user's usage habits do not match the current transition probability information, and a new creation other than the recommended creation instructions needs to be executed. instructions, and update transition probability information.
  • the updated transition probability information can better fit the user's usage habits and help improve the user's creation efficiency.
  • the update is done based on the previous create command and the new current create command.
  • the log record corresponding to the log file is reacquired to complete the transition probability information update.
  • the BIM component creation method based on the recommended creation instruction provided in this embodiment may further include the following steps:
  • determine whether the BIM component is created by determining whether the new creation instruction is an end mark, such as rn.CommandSystemMenu. If not, repeatedly obtain recommended creation instructions based on the current creation instructions and transition probability information for creating the BIM component.
  • transition probability information in the embodiment of the present application can be obtained through the above method, or can be directly downloaded from the electronic device, and can be dynamically updated during the work process.
  • the electronic device can automatically identify the version of the BIM software, thereby determining the specified path to obtain the corresponding log file.
  • Figure 5 shows the overall process in this embodiment.
  • the following is a description of the BIM based on recommended creation instructions provided in this embodiment in conjunction with Figure 5.
  • the overall process of component creation method is introduced.
  • the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions can generally include 8 technical steps, including obtaining all BIM component creation logs, BIM component creation command preprocessing, obtaining the BIM component creation personnel BIM component creation command set, and obtaining the BIM component creation command combination. Sequence collection, defining Markov chain transition probability matrix, calculating Markov chain transition probability matrix, BIM component creation command transition probability calculation based on Markov chain, BIM component creation command recommendation system based on Markov chain transition probability matrix .
  • the BIM component verification module can be used to assist the review; BIM components that pass the review are directly put into the database, and BIM components that fail the review are further modified using the BIM component modification module, and the modifications continue to be reviewed.
  • BIM software was used for secondary development to develop a BIM component creation command recommendation system based on Markov chain transition probability matrix. This system can automatically recommend the next possible step to the user during the process of creating BIM components in BIM software. command to execute.
  • the overall workflow of the Markov chain-based BIM component creation command recommendation system mainly includes the creation of a transition probability matrix and the recommendation of BIM component creation commands.
  • the user needs to install the system into the BIM software.
  • the system When started for the first time, the system will automatically obtain the current BIM software version through the VersionName attribute in the Revit Application object, and automatically form the completion log file access path "%LOCALAPPDATA% ⁇ Autodesk ⁇ All log files under "Revit ⁇ product name and version> ⁇ Journals" are filtered to log files that are only related to the creation of BIM components.
  • the command lines in all log files that are only related to the creation of BIM components are obtained in a loop. After preprocessing, a user form is formed. A collection of all commands commonly used in the process of creating BIM components, as well as a sequence of BIM component operation command combinations.
  • the system will automatically calculate the next transition probability matrix (distribution probability matrix) P.
  • the system obtains the name of the current BIM component creation operation command input by the user through the BIM software API, automatically matches the command order f and its sequence number f in the command set Q, and obtains the probability matrix of order f in the transition probability matrix P based on the matched sequence number. P(f). Further obtain the command order j corresponding to the maximum probability value in P(f), which is the name of the command to be executed next, corresponding to the id of the command order j . When the user chooses to accept the recommended result, the corresponding id is selected through the BIM software API The command is executed.
  • the recommended system is installed in the form of BIM software. After installation, it can automatically identify the software version and the existing BIM component creation log of the corresponding version, and generate the operation command transition probability matrix. It can also download, delete and update the operation command transition probability matrix. , and proactively update the software.
  • Figures 7 and 8 respectively, the setting operation interface of the BIM component creation command recommendation system based on Markov chain and the usage effect of the BIM component creation command recommendation system based on Markov chain in this embodiment are shown. .
  • the creation method of BIM components that is automatically refined from the BIM model can also be used to create BIM components.
  • the creation of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models can be achieved in the following ways:
  • S115 Obtain all BIM components in the digital design resource library to form a second component set, and obtain the MD5 codes and names of all second components in the second component set.
  • the API interface of the BIM software is used to obtain the loadable BIM components in the archived BIM model.
  • the archived BIM model refers to the BIM model that is archived after the collaborative design is completed. This BIM model is the basis for the generation of final drawings and the basis for design delivery.
  • the API interface of the BIM software is used to save the loadable BIM components as local files, which can be achieved in the following ways:
  • MD5 encoding is an encryption algorithm and a widely used password hash function. It can produce a 128-bit (16-byte) hash value (hash value) to ensure complete and consistent information transmission.
  • MD5 encoding Be unique. Since BIM components have characteristics such as large number and large changes, using component names and component file MD5 codes as comparison features between the first component and the second component can effectively avoid repeated creation of similar components. The component names follow a standardized naming method, and MD5 encoding based on the encryption of BIM components can prevent users from simply modifying the component name and creating it repeatedly. MD5 encoding is the only encoding for BIM model component files, and here is the only encoding for BIM component files.
  • the automatically refined BIM component creation method based on the BIM model in this embodiment may also include the following steps:
  • the second component is the same type of component of the first component; obtain the parameter set and formula database of the same type of component, and convert the parameter set into and the formula database is bound to the first component, so as to write the parameter set and the formula database into the first component.
  • the first component is compared with the second component, it is found that the first component is a unique component, that is, one of the MD5 code and name of the first component can be successfully matched with the second component. .
  • writing of parameter sets and formula databases can be completed in the following manner:
  • Import the namespace library in the BIM software read the binary data of BIM component files including components of the same type.
  • the binary data includes parameter sets and formula databases of components of the same type; calculate the MD5 encoding of the binary data; change the name of the BIM component file and the corresponding MD5 encoding are output to the text file or database of the first component.
  • the System.Security.Cryptography namespace library is imported to use the MD5 calculation method.
  • Files containing components of the same type exist as BIM component files in the digital design resource library.
  • MD5 coding calculations on parameter sets and formula databases of components of the same type, the name of the BIM component file and the corresponding MD5 coding are output to the text file or database of the first component as a record set.
  • the first component for the first component whose MD5 code and name fail to match the second component in the digital design resource library, the first component is reviewed and modified, and the first component that passes the review Then it can be used as a created BIM component and incorporated into the digital design resource library.
  • the BIM component verification module can be used to assist the review, which can be based on digital design resource construction standards to complete the review.
  • digital design resource construction standards Including naming standard review, geometric shape standard review, geometric parameter standard review, non-geometric parameter standard review, and management information standard review.
  • the naming standard review can be performed according to the BIM component naming standard as shown in Figure 11.
  • Geometric standards require the geometric authenticity of components.
  • the geometric parameter standard requires the ability to parametrically drive geometric shapes.
  • the non-geometric parameter standard requirements can meet the needs of design expression and multi-disciplinary collaboration.
  • Management information standard requirements can meet the requirements related to digital design resource management.
  • the above is the creation method of BIM components using automatic extraction of BIM models. It can be seen from the above that in the digital design resource library application method, the creation method of BIM components based on Rhino component conversion can also be used to create BIM components.
  • BIM components can be created based on Rhino component conversion in the following manner:
  • a BIM component file is generated.
  • the BIM component file includes the BIM component corresponding to the Rhino component in the component file.
  • the file format of the component file of the Rhino rhino component is .3dm format, and the file format of the intermediate file is .ply format. Furthermore, Dynamo is used to parse the ply format file to generate only Geometric BIM components.
  • BIM component modification module can be used to modify BIM components that only have geometric shapes. Then, after creating the BIM components, you will enter the review process and complete the naming standard review, geometric shape standard review, geometric parameter standard review, and non-geometric standard review. Parameter standard review, management information standard review, etc.
  • the BIM component verification module can be used to assist in the review. BIM components that have passed the review will be directly put into the database. BIM components that have not passed the review can be further modified using the BIM component modification module, and the review will continue after modification.
  • rhino is first opened to convert the 3dm format to ply format, and then the ply format is converted to rfa format in dynamo of the BIM software Revit.
  • the component file including the Rhino component can be converted into an intermediate file with an intermediate format in the following manner:
  • the obtained folder path that saves component files including Rhino components, obtain all component files and save them to the file list; grab the Rhino components in the component files from the file list by selecting the command, and format the Rhino components Convert to an intermediate format, and store the converted components to the obtained folder path for storing intermediate files.
  • an intermediate format is required to convert a 3dm file into an rfa file. It is difficult for Revit to directly parse 3dm files. It requires the introduction of an intermediate format that is versatile enough to be used for various models and highly readable to facilitate file parsing. The ply file format satisfies these two requirements well.
  • the ply format is a commonly used format in computer imaging.
  • a typical ply object definition is a list of (x, y, z) triples of vertices and a list of faces described by indices in the vertex list. Vertices and faces plus some accompanying attributes (normals, colors, etc.) can fully describe the three-dimensional shape of a model. Therefore, the ply file can be applied to three-dimensional models of various shapes and remains universal in the model.
  • the ply file is highly readable and has two file formats, one is ASCII and the other is binary. Both formats can be read through documents.
  • the first three numbers are the X, Y, and Z values of a point, and the last three numbers represent the RGB value of the point. Use the index of a set of points to represent a surface, as shown in Figure 14.
  • a line of six numbers in the document represents a point, as shown in Figure 15.
  • the first number represents the number of vertices that make up the face, and the following numbers represent the index of the vertices on the face.
  • Complex models are composed of many points and surfaces, and their coordinates and vertices can be easily extracted, so the ply file is highly readable.
  • Figure 16 schematically shows the implementation code of the algorithm for converting 3dm format files into ply format files.
  • BIM component file After obtaining the ply format file, you can convert the 3dm file into an rfa format file (BIM component file) through the ply intermediate format.
  • the file conversion is achieved through Revit's built-in dynamo.
  • BIM component files can be generated based on Dynamo parsing intermediate files in the following way:
  • the system's Directory Path code block is first called to obtain the folder path where the ply file is stored, and then passed into the custom code block. The input and output remain unchanged.
  • the system's Directory From Path code block get the directory from the path and then put the result into FileSystem.GetDirectoryContents.
  • Get all ply folder paths in the directory output them in the form of a three-layer dictionary, and finally turn the three-layer dictionary into one layer. Click Browse to open a system folder window, and you can get all the ply files that need to be converted with one click. After obtaining the ply file, it needs to be parsed to generate a model in Revit.
  • the ImportInstance.ByGeometry code block of the Dynamo system is used to view the generated results of the model.
  • the algorithm code that implements the code block in parsing the file is shown in Figure 17.
  • the BIM component After executing the file parsing, the BIM component needs to be created.
  • a blank BIM component template file is passed into the code block for creating the BIM component.
  • the type and name of the BIM component are entered before The results generated by a code block are stored in the list, and BIM components can be generated through familyInstance.ByGeometry.
  • the above functions can be realized through plug-ins developed in BIM software.
  • the front-end interface of the plug-in can be shown in Figure 19.
  • the interface consists of two parts, including family file loading and parameter setting. It should be noted that the families mentioned in this application can be understood as BIM components, and family is a subordinate concept of BIM components.
  • the list name can be files, to store the BIM component file path obtained in step 1).
  • the prerequisite for adding parameters to BIM software such as Revit in current electronic equipment is that the BIM component file can be opened in Revit.
  • the version of the BIM component file is higher than Revit, staff cannot open the BIM component file. It is also impossible to add parameters. Therefore, when obtaining BIM component files in batches, in this embodiment, it is also necessary to ensure that the BIM component files can be opened in Revit.
  • the step of batch adding parameters to BIM components may also include the following steps:
  • the BIM component file names and BIM component files are extracted.
  • the folder path where the component file is located is then judged with the BIM component file name and the path where the BIM component file is stored in the DataGridViewTextBoxCell.
  • Specific judgment rules Determine whether the obtained BIM component file name and the folder path where the BIM component file is located are exactly the same as those stored in the DataGridViewTextBoxCell. If so, it means that the current BIM component file is duplicated. Otherwise, it means that it is not duplicated. Add it to flies list and displayed in the plug-in interface.
  • the step of eliminating BIM component files whose version information is higher than the current version information of the BIM software can be achieved in the following ways:
  • the BIM component file is opened in the file stream FileStream, the BIM component file byte array is obtained, and then converted into a String through Unicode encoding.
  • the string of 2018 will exist in the conversion results.
  • the string of 2019 will exist in the conversion results.
  • the conversion results There will also be strings corresponding to the corresponding versions. Therefore, you can check whether there is a corresponding string through regular matching, thereby obtaining the version of the BIM component file.
  • the BIM component file version information obtained in the first step is compared with the Revit version information obtained in the second step. If the BIM component file If the version is higher than the Revit version, it will not be added to the files list for storage, and will not be displayed in the plug-in interface.
  • the staff can set multiple parameters and add multiple parameters to multiple BIM component files in batches.
  • Parameters can be divided into family parameters and shared parameters.
  • family parameters Family parameters control the values of variables of the family, such as dimensions or materials.
  • Family parameters are specific to the current family.
  • Shared parameters Shared parameters are parameters that can be used in multiple BIM components and projects. After the shared parameter definition is added to a BIM component or project, it can be used as a BIM component or project parameter. Shared parameters are defined in a shared parameter file (.txt) outside of Revit, so they are protected from changes.
  • parameters can also be divided into type parameters and instance parameters.
  • Type parameters are parameters defining the BIM component type. Once the value of the type parameter is modified, the parameter values of all type individuals, that is, BIM component instances, will change accordingly. When the parameter value of one BIM component instance of the same BIM component type is changed, the parameter values of other BIM component instances will also change accordingly.
  • Instance parameters are parameters defined for BIM component instances. When the parameter values of a BIM component instance change, the values of other BIM component instances of the same BIM component type will not change.
  • parameters need to be added to the BIM components.
  • the information that needs to be used includes: profession, parameter name, parameter type, parameter value, and grouping method.
  • majors include architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical.
  • Parameter name The parameter name is a string.
  • Parameter type The parameter type needs to consider the corresponding major of the parameter.
  • Grouping method Grouping method includes restrictions, text, size standards, identification data and others.
  • a parameter acquisition interface needs to be set. Since adding a parameter to a BIM component, the required information includes major, parameter name, parameter type, parameter value, and grouping method. Therefore, it is necessary to set an acquisition interface for each piece of information.
  • the specific setting method is as follows:
  • the drop-down options include: architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC and electrical.
  • Parameter name Instantiate the C# TextBox class and set a text edit box.
  • Parameter type To set the interface style of the parameter type, you first need to determine the current major, and then call the C# ComboBox class for instantiation. The set drop-down options are as shown in the table.
  • Parameter value Instantiate the C# TextBox class and set a text edit box.
  • Grouping method Instantiate the C# ComboBox class and set up a drop-down list control.
  • the control options include: restrictions, text, size standards, identification data and others.
  • setting parameters as type parameters will affect all BIM component instances of the same type.
  • Setting parameters as instance parameters will only affect the current BIM component instance. This is required when adding parameters to BIM components. Determine the category of the parameter.
  • RadioButton Set the button on the plug-in interface to make a selection.
  • the staff can determine whether the current parameter is a type parameter or an instance parameter.
  • each parameter has information including: family parameter/shared parameter, type parameter/instance parameter, major, parameter name, parameter type, parameter value, grouping method, individual parameters can be stored using classes.
  • a FamilyParamInfo class is declared in C#, and the following attributes are added to this class: ParamName of string type, indicating the name of the parameter; IsShareParam of bool type, indicating whether the current parameter is a family parameter or a shared parameter; bool type IsInstance indicates whether the current parameter is a type parameter or an instance parameter; ParamType of string type indicates the parameter type, ParamValue of string type indicates the parameter value; GroupType of string type indicates the grouping method. Multiple parameters are stored in a list.
  • adding batch parameters to batch BIM component files can be achieved in the following ways:
  • a target BIM component file from all the BIM component files to be added, where the target BIM component file includes at least one BIM component; if the parameter list also includes any parameter to be added, select one to be added.
  • the parameters of the status are used as target parameters; if the target parameters do not exist in the target BIM component file, add the target parameters to the target BIM component file, and modify the target parameters to the added status; determine whether the parameter list also includes the parameters to be added.
  • the parameters of the state if it also includes parameters of the state to be added, then repeatedly select a parameter of the state to be added as the target parameter until all parameters in the parameter list are in the added state; if all parameters in the parameter list are added status, modify the target BIM component file to the added status; determine whether there are still BIM component files to be added; if so, modify all parameters in the parameter list to the status to be added, and repeat the BIM component files to be added. Determine a target BIM component file until all BIM component files have completed adding parameters.
  • the BIM component files and parameters are stored in a list.
  • This embodiment uses a loop to traverse each BIM component file, and then adds parameters to each BIM component file sequentially through a For loop.
  • the parameter types obtained at the front end are all represented by Chinese strings such as "text”, “integer”, “angle”, “length”, etc.
  • all parameter types need to be converted into Int type integer.
  • the mapping function When the input parameter type is an integer, the mapping function outputs the integer 2; when the input parameter type is an angle, the mapping function outputs the integer 7.
  • Specific mapping rules can be viewed in the Revit API.
  • the group types obtained on the front end are all identified with Chinese characters such as “restrictions”, “text”, “dimension”, “identification data”, etc. During the secondary development of Revit, all group types need to be converted to Int types. value.
  • the function for adding family parameters can be established in the following ways:
  • a function that adds shared parameters can also be established in the following ways:
  • step 6 Call the FamilyManager.AddParameter() function, and pass the result of step 6), the parameter grouping method, and whether it is an instance parameter to the function to add the shared parameters to the BIM component file.
  • the parameter assignment function can be established in the following ways:
  • a function that determines whether relevant parameters exist can be established to execute the determination process.
  • the implementation form is as follows:
  • the geometric parameters of the BIM component can be visually verified to solve the above problems in a targeted manner.
  • the geometric parameters of the BIM component can be visually verified in the following ways:
  • S132 Use the driver verification software to create a target visualization interface including target parameter types and target parameters corresponding to each target parameter type.
  • the target visualization interface is located above the BIM component to be verified corresponding to the BIM component parameters, and the geometry of the BIM component to be verified can be adjusted synchronously with the adjustment of the target parameters.
  • the visual verification of geometric parameters of BIM components can be implemented by the BIM component verification module.
  • the implementation of the BIM component verification module can mainly include BIM component parameter acquisition, BIM component parameter visualization interface, and BIM component parameterization. Ability to visualize data-driven verification in three parts.
  • the BIM component parameters of the BIM component to be verified are first obtained in the following manner:
  • the BIM software uses the BIM software related API interface to obtain all the BIM component parameters, form a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) format parameter set, and filter out the dimensions from the parameter set.
  • JSON JavaScript Object Notation
  • size parameters refer to size annotations that are bound to the BIM component geometry and are bound to parameter labels.
  • the BIM component geometry can be driven to dynamically change, including metric units and imperial units;
  • the angle parameter refers to the angle annotation related to the BIM component geometry and is bound to the parameter label. It can drive the dynamic change of the BIM component geometry by modifying the angle annotation or parameter label.
  • the common unit is degree;
  • the quantity parameter refers to the angle annotation related to the BIM component geometry.
  • the BIM component geometry is bound to quantity annotations and bound to parameter labels, which can drive dynamic changes in the BIM component geometry by modifying the quantity annotations or parameter labels.
  • BIM software does not point to specific software. All related BIM modeling software that can meet the BIM concept can be applied. Although different BIM software API interfaces have different usage methods, they can all form a parameter set by obtaining all the parameters in the BIM component and extract the parameters from the parameter set. Filter three types of parameters: size parameters, angle parameters, and quantity parameters, including parameter names, parameter values, and the number of similar parameters. The filtering method differs according to different BIM software APIs, and will finally be passed in the program in the form of a JSON data set.
  • BIM component size parameters For example, obtain three types of BIM component size parameters, angle parameters, and quantity parameters, including parameter names, parameter values, and the number of similar parameters.
  • the parameter set is shown in Figure 23, in which there are two parameters: "actual span” and "mark span” It is calculated and defined by other parameters and does not need to be taken out.
  • a storage data set is formed based on the above results, the parameter type and its number are dynamically generated by referring to the "count" value of various parameters, and the component parameter name and parameter value are dynamically assigned to variables for storage, as shown in Figure 25.
  • the step of creating a visual interface including parameter types and target parameter sets can be implemented in the following ways:
  • a BIM component parameter group is created corresponding to the visual interface, wherein the BIM component parameter group includes at least one target parameter of its corresponding parameter type; a target parameter corresponding to the target parameter is created in the BIM component parameter group of the visual interface Adjust the slider; bind the target parameter to the corresponding target parameter adjustment slider to obtain a visual interface including BIM component parameter groups and target parameter sets, where the BIM component parameter groups carry information about parameter types.
  • BIM component parameter visual interface In the design of BIM component parameter visual interface, commonly used BIM design software exists in the form of a client. Using WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows-based user interface framework) tool can effectively carry out visual interface development. Adjust sliders by creating visual parameters on the visual interface. Since the number of size parameters, angle parameters, and quantity parameters of different components is uncertain, different BIM component parameter groups can be dynamically created based on the final variables obtained in the above steps, and parameter adjustment sliders can be dynamically created under the groups to make BIM Component parameterization capability and visual data-driven verification software have adaptive functions.
  • WPF Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows-based user interface framework
  • the visual interface in the driver verification software, can be as shown in Figure 26.
  • the visual interface includes the software name, component name, parameter group, slider start value and end value, slider drag bar, increase and decrease buttons, parameter refresh button, parameter delete button, and parameter hide button . specifically:
  • Component name Use the BIM software API to read the name of the currently opened BIM component file
  • Parameter group It contains three types of parameter groups: size parameters, angle parameters, and quantity parameters. It is created directly from text tags;
  • Slider start value and end value The default start value is 0, and the end value is based on the parameter value read in the above steps;
  • Slider drag bar The value change range is determined by the slider start value and end value, and the current value can be displayed in real time;
  • Parameter refresh button can refresh the parameters of the current BIM component
  • Parameter delete button dynamically delete parameters that do not need to be adjusted in the software interface and do not delete the parameter from the BIM component;
  • Parameter hiding button Dynamically hide parameters that do not need to be adjusted in the software interface. Double-click to display the hidden parameters.
  • the required BIM component parameters in the visual interface are bound in the background.
  • the required unchanged data is directly read, including BIM component names.
  • the background program inherits the INotifyPropertyChanged interface to realize the binding of WPF visual interface panel data and background data.
  • the visual interface data changes the data is passed to the background through the set method. In the set method, a method/function is added to transfer the data back to the BIM component, so that the visual interface data can be transferred to the BIM component in real time.
  • the driver verification software can be opened to open the BIM component file in the visual interface.
  • the visual interface can automatically read the size parameters, angle parameters, and Quantitative parameters include parameter names, parameter values, and the number of similar parameters. Multiple parameter groups are created adaptively based on the number of parameters read, and multiple parameter adjustment sliders are created adaptively based on the number of parameters under the groups.
  • Adjust the target parameter adjustment slider of the target parameter in the target visualization interface and obtain the changes in the BIM component geometry to be verified after each adjustment; judge whether the changes meet the expected results, and if they do not meet the expected results, modify the changes to be verified If the BIM component meets the expected results, the verification process will end to complete the visual verification of the parameterization capabilities of the BIM component to be verified.
  • each preset BIM model consists of several BIM components, where the BIM components in the preset BIM model are BIM components in the digital design resource library.
  • the system can regard each BIM component in the preset BIM model as the first BIM component and create the first data section.
  • the system may obtain the first BIM component data set based on the first data section.
  • the first data section of a column component (the first BIM component) includes the column, the exterior wall connected to the column, the interior wall connected to the column, and the door located on the wall.
  • the system can build a first BIM component data set including all the above components, and store the first BIM component data set in the database.
  • the system can also associate BIM components with each other in the data set, for example, interior walls and exterior walls are associated with columns.
  • the system can further classify the first BIM components according to majors in the first BIM component data set, for example, according to the five majors involved in construction, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical, so that Later recommendations will be more accurate.
  • the user wants to insert a new BIM component into the BIM model, for example, if he wants to insert a door into the wall, the user can click on the specific location where he wants to insert, and the system will determine the insertion point and center it on the target insertion point. Generate a second data section.
  • the system can determine the interior wall as the second BIM component.
  • the system can construct the second BIM component data set based on the second BIM component, that is, the second BIM component data set is constructed based on the interior wall components.
  • the system performs cosine similarity calculation on the second BIM component data set and the first BIM component data set, and compares the interior wall components in the second BIM component data set with the columns in the first BIM component data set, and the columns connected to them.
  • the cosine similarity calculation is performed separately for each of the exterior wall, the interior wall connected to the column, and the door located on the wall, thereby obtaining one calculation result.
  • the system can determine the door as the third BIM component.
  • the system can determine multiple components with the highest similarity as third BIM components, such as the top 20 components with cosine similarity.
  • the system After the system determines the third BIM component, it can send the recommended information of the third BIM component to the user, for example, display it to the user in the form of a pop-up window for the user to directly select and insert without the user having to click to search.
  • the system can scan the BIM model to obtain the various BIM components that make up the BIM model, and then determine the relevant BIM components associated with it based on each BIM component, and then form The first BIM component data set. That is, in this embodiment, the method of obtaining the first BIM component data set based on the first data section is as follows:
  • the relevant BIM component corresponding to the first BIM component is determined; based on the first BIM component and the relevant BIM component, a first BIM component data set is formed.
  • the system can detect other components contained near the insertion point and generate a second BIM component data set.
  • the second data section can be created in the following manner:
  • the second BIM component data set is obtained in the following way:
  • the BIM components most relevant to the second BIM component data set are selected from the first BIM component data set through the cosine similarity algorithm. Then recommend it to users. Specifically, a cosine similarity calculation is performed on the working view in the second BIM component data set and the working view in the first BIM component data set to obtain the calculation result.
  • the component recommendation method can greatly improve the efficiency of BIM component selection, combined with specific application scenarios and The cosine similarity calculation method enables further utilization of BIM component data and alleviates the technical problem of low efficiency in the use of BIM components.
  • the existing BIM component (first BIM component) data set is first established.
  • the user opens the preset BIM model, and the system traverses the preset BIM model and obtains the IDs of all existing BIM components in the preset BIM model. For example, columns, exterior walls, interior walls, doors, etc. all have their own corresponding number IDs.
  • query each work view corresponding to the BIM component according to the existing BIM component ID in each work view (plan, elevation, section) (for example, query the corresponding plan work view, elevation work view, and section work view based on the ID of the column) , construct a data section centered on the BIM component working view, and then obtain the working view area data of other BIM components within the data section.
  • the existing BIM component application scenario data set (the first BIM component data set) is completed, and the data Sets are stored by profession in a database ready for further use.
  • Application scenarios in BIM component work in construction projects can be classified according to participating majors and work view dimensions.
  • the participating majors can be divided into five majors: architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical.
  • the working views can be three types of views: plan view, elevation view, and section view. Specific application scenarios should be calculated according to the combination. , there can be a total of 15 BIM component application scenarios and view classifications.
  • a data section was created with the BIM component as the center.
  • the system first traverses the BIM components in the view, traverses the existing BIM components in each view of each profession, and extracts data centered on a single BIM component in the current view.
  • BIM components only refer to standardized BIM components that can be transferred in the form of files.
  • the method of traversing existing BIM components in each view of each discipline can be obtained using the BIM software API interface.
  • BIM component set including BIM component instance ID, BIM component name, and center of gravity position G (x, y).
  • the horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the BIM component plane projection geometric outline (x 1 , y 1 ), (x 2 , y 2 ), (x 3 , y 3 ), (x 4 , y 4 )...(x n , y n ), where n is the number of projected side lengths of BIM components in plane, elevation, and section, and the projected two-dimensional figure is an irregular polygon X.
  • the irregular polygon X can be divided into m limited simple graphics X 1 , X 2 , X 3 ,...,
  • the center of gravity of the graph is G n and the area is S n .
  • each professional BIM component is as follows:
  • A represents the architectural major
  • a represents the number of all BIM components in the architectural major
  • j represents the jth architectural major component.
  • Structural major ⁇ T 1 , T 2 ,...,T j ,...,T t ⁇ , where T represents the structural major, t represents the number of all BIM components in the structural major, and j represents the jth structural major component.
  • Water supply and drainage major ⁇ P 1 ,P 2 ,...,P j ,...,P p ⁇ , where P represents the water supply and drainage major, p represents the number of all BIM components in the water supply and drainage major, and j represents the jth water supply and drainage major Professional components.
  • HVAC major ⁇ M 1 ,M 2 ,...,M j ,...,M m ⁇ , where M represents the HVAC major, m represents the number of all BIM components in the HVAC major, and j represents the jth HVAC Professional components.
  • E represents the electrical major
  • e represents the number of all BIM components in the electrical major
  • j represents the jth electrical major component
  • obtaining relevant other BIM component data in the data section is the BIM component application scene and view as the object, obtaining other BIM component types in the data section, and the projection area S ij of other BIM components on the projection surface, represented by i
  • the value range is ⁇ A, T, P, M, E ⁇ , and j represents the j-th component of a certain major.
  • the user performs the BIM model design and construction process in the BIM software and specifies the insertion center where the BIM components need to be arranged in the current application scenario.
  • the system can use the specified insertion center to create a model with the coordinates of the insertion center as the center and a side length of 5000mm.
  • Another data section and obtain the working view area data of the BIM components in the data section, and obtain the data set D1 of the current application scenario.
  • the system will create a data section with a side length of 5000mm centered on the click position of the inner wall. Assuming that there is only the plane projected area data of the inner wall in the data section, the system can establish a data section based on the plane projected area data of the inner wall. Data set D1 of the current application scenario. It should be noted that the data section may include multiple plane projected area data, corresponding to different components. Afterwards, the system can determine the corresponding major as the construction major based on the interior wall, obtain the corresponding professional BIM component data set Di from the database, use the cosine similarity calculation method to calculate the cosine similarity between D1 and Di, and obtain the calculation results. matrix. Sort by similarity and make recommendations to users. For example, BIM components are retrieved from the BIM component library according to the calculation results and sorted according to the calculation results. For example, the top 20 BIM components are recommended and sorted, and recommendations are made for users.
  • a and b are two n-dimensional vectors.
  • each BIM component of each major in the data section and other BIM components are finite-dimensional vectors.
  • the vector expression of each BIM component of each major is:
  • A is the construction major
  • j represents the j-th component of the construction major
  • a represents the number of all BIM components in the construction major.
  • Structural majors Among them, T is the construction major, j represents the j-th component of the structural major, and s represents the number of all BIM components in the structural major.
  • Water supply and drainage major Among them, P is the water supply and drainage major, j represents the j-th component of the water supply and drainage major, and p represents the number of all BIM components in the water supply and drainage major.
  • HVAC major M is the HVAC major
  • j represents the j-th component of the HVAC major
  • m represents the number of all BIM components in the HVAC major.
  • E is the electrical major
  • j represents the j-th component of the electrical major
  • e represents the number of all BIM components in the electrical major.
  • S k is the BIM component area within the data section in the current BIM model view.
  • the value range of k is different according to different professions. For architecture profession: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ a, for structural profession: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ s, for water supply and drainage profession: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ p, HVAC major: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ m, electrical major: 0 ⁇ k ⁇ e.
  • the value set of B is any one of ⁇ A j , T j , P j , M j , E j ⁇ according to different BIM component application scenarios.
  • the cosine similarity matrix calculated for each major is as follows:
  • the median value of the cosine similarity matrix can be calculated according to each major, from large to After sorting, the BIM components with the highest cosine similarity are recommended with the highest priority.
  • this method can be combined with BIM software in the form of external software or internal plug-ins.
  • BIM software in the form of external software or internal plug-ins.
  • install the "BIM component recommendation system based on application scenarios” software (the running interface is shown in Figure 34).
  • the user selects the location where the BIM components need to be arranged, and the system can automatically give the BIM component ranking of the current application scenario, and the user Select the appropriate BIM component and use the "Insert" function to load the current BIM model and use it. Just close the software after completion.
  • BIM component instances are usually used as the basic unit for model construction.
  • the application capabilities of BIM component instances in many construction companies have developed slowly, and designers often need to build BIM models.
  • BIM component instances are continuously selected and adjusted manually in the BIM component instance resource library to form a BIM model that meets the model design intent.
  • This BIM model construction solution has the problems of long time consumption, high manpower consumption and difficulty in reuse, and cannot help designers quickly build and complete BIM models.
  • the BIM model construction method based on data placeholder in the above step S15 is used to solve the problem.
  • the BIM model construction method based on data occupancy can be implemented in the following ways:
  • the standard unit is a BIM model composed of a set of related BIM components.
  • the data placeholder file can be obtained by drawing a data placeholder map or by loading a historical data placeholder file. Either one or both can be used at the same time.
  • data placeholder is a data block of a single limited data.
  • Each data placeholder stores multiple data information, including: name data, location data, size data, and type data.
  • the BIM component file can be automatically obtained from the BIM component library and the BIM component instance can be generated in situ.
  • the position data represents the layout of each data placeholder
  • the size data represents the size of the BIM component instance represented by the data placeholder
  • the type data represents the BIM component file type.
  • each rectangle is a concrete representation of the data placeholder.
  • Data placeholder is a visual interface composed of data placeholders. As shown in Figure 36, multiple embodied data placeholders are combined into a data placeholder map.
  • Data placeholder file is a file that stores all data placeholders in JSON format.
  • the data placeholder map is composed of data placeholders, and the data of the data placeholder includes name data, location data, size data, and type data. Its generation method relies on the Revit plug-in custom developed in this application.
  • the front-end framework of the plug-in for data placeholder file generation uses WPF.
  • the initial interface of the plug-in in this embodiment is shown in Figure 37.
  • the patent divides the plug-in page into 5 areas through the xaml document: functional area, drawing area, visualization area, data viewing area, and data modification area, as shown in Figure 38.
  • the functional area is used to create and save data placeholder files and load historical data placeholder files;
  • the drawing area is used to obtain the information necessary to create data placeholders;
  • the visualization area is used to materialize all data placeholders means;
  • the data viewing area is used to view the detailed information of all data placeholders;
  • the data modification area is used to modify the information of a single data placeholder.
  • the BIM component file is automatically obtained from the resource library and the BIM component instance is generated in situ.
  • data placeholder refinement and data placeholder precision drawing two basic functions need to be implemented: data placeholder refinement and data placeholder precision drawing.
  • the data placeholder needs to be refined into many forms according to the category of the BIM component represented by the data placeholder.
  • Revit There are many ways to place a BIM component in Revit, which leads to many ways to use the Revit API to automate the placement of BIM components.
  • System BIM components are placed differently than standard BIM components.
  • the data placeholders are first refined into four categories according to the categories of BIM components: first category placeholders, second category placeholders, third category placeholders, and fourth category placeholders.
  • Host elements refer to elements that can be attached to certain elements.
  • the ceiling can be attached to a chandelier as a host element
  • a wall can be attached to a door as a host element.
  • the first type of placeholder represents the data placeholder of a type of BIM component, where this type of BIM component specifically refers to the wall.
  • the second type of placeholder represents the data placeholder of a type of BIM component, where the placement of this type of BIM component instance requires a host element and does not require height information.
  • the data placeholder for a door is a second type of placeholder.
  • the third type of placeholder represents the data placeholder of a type of BIM component, where the placement of this type of BIM component instance requires host elements and height information.
  • the data placeholder of a window is the third type of placeholder.
  • the fourth type of placeholder represents the data placeholder of a type of BIM component, in which only coordinate information is required when placing this type of BIM component instance.
  • the data placeholder of the table is the fourth type of placeholder. Revit only needs one coordinate information to create a BIM component instance of the table.
  • Data placeholders are divided into four categories according to the category of BIM components. Since the information required for instance placement of different categories of BIM components is different, the information contained in different data placeholders is also different.
  • the first type of placeholder Revit requires the starting point of the wall, the focus point of the wall, and the width of the wall when placing a wall.
  • Revit requires a BIM component file, a host element, and the plane position of the BIM component instance relative to the host element when placing a BIM component instance of this category. For example, when placing a door, Revit requires a BIM component file of the door, a wall, and the location information of the door on the wall.
  • the third type of placeholder requires the BIM component file, a host element, the plane position of the BIM component instance relative to the host element, and the height information for placing the BIM component instance when placing BIM component instances of this category. For example, when placing a window, Revit requires a BIM component file of the window, a wall, the plane position of the window on the wall, and the height of the window.
  • Revit requires a BIM component file and a coordinate when placing a BIM component instance of this category.
  • a table When placing a table, Revit requires a BIM component file of the table and the coordinates of the table.
  • the object width, object height, and rotation angle data are not used for BIM component instance placement, but are for the visualization of data placeholders.
  • the drawing of data placeholders needs to be accurately positioned to ensure that the BIM component instances are placed in accurate locations.
  • Step 1 Determine the coordinate axis
  • the standard Cartesian coordinate system is used, as shown in Figure 39.
  • the X coordinate system is horizontally to the right on the page, the Y axis is upward horizontally on the page, and the Z axis is vertical to the screen and outward.
  • the origin of the coordinate axis is at the center of the drawing area.
  • the X-Y plane is the same as the current level in Revit.
  • Step 2 Draw the first type of placeholder
  • the BIM component type, wall starting point, wall end point, and wall width information required by the first type of placeholder can be obtained through the input box of the drawing area.
  • Step 2 Draw the second type of placeholder
  • the BIM component type, coordinates, object width, object height and rotation angle information required by the second type of placeholder can be obtained through the input box of the drawing area.
  • the host element required by the second type of placeholder can be obtained by clicking on the existing placeholder in the visual area.
  • Step 3 Draw the third type of placeholder
  • the BIM component type, coordinates, object width, object height, rotation angle and host element information required by the third type of placeholder are obtained in the same way as in the second step.
  • the height information required by the third type of placeholder is obtained through the input box of the drawing area.
  • Step 4 Draw the fourth type of placeholder
  • the BIM component type, coordinates, object width, object height and rotation angle information required by the fourth type of placeholder are obtained through the drawing area input box.
  • Step 5 View the data placeholder drawing results in the visualization area
  • the visualization area is used to display drawn data placeholders. All data placeholders drawn to are displayed in the visual area as a rectangle, which can be determined by its four corner points.
  • the first type of placeholder determine a line in the Cartesian coordinate system of the visualization area through the wall starting point and the wall end point, and offset this line in the vertical direction by half the wall width through the wall width, you can get the first type of placeholder.
  • the visualization of symbols is shown in Figure 40.
  • Second type of placeholder After the second type of placeholder is visualized, the information that a single rectangle can represent is shown in Figure 41.
  • x and y represent the coordinate information in the data placeholder
  • represents the rotation angle information in the data placeholder
  • w represents the object height information in the data placeholder
  • l represents the object in the data placeholder.
  • the coordinates (x, y) determine a point in the Cartesian coordinate system of the visualization area.
  • a rectangle can be determined by the object width w, object length l and coordinates (x, y), and then the rectangle is rotated counterclockwise ⁇ degrees around the positioning center, and the four corner points of the matrix can be obtained:
  • Type 3 placeholders Type 3 placeholders are visualized in the same way as type 2 placeholders.
  • Type 4 placeholders Type 4 placeholders are visualized in the same way as type 2 placeholders.
  • Drawing a data placeholder map requires determining the unified scene represented by all data placeholders in the current file.
  • Application scenarios can be: living room, kitchen, bathroom, hotel lobby, industrial plant, etc. After the current application scenario is determined, the application scenario will be saved in this data placeholder file along with all placeholder data.
  • classifying data placeholders according to application scenarios can improve the efficiency of retrieving data placeholder files. For example: when a designer needs to design a living room in Revit, he or she can select a data placeholder file with the application scenario as the living room from the placeholder storage database, select one of them and load it into Revit to generate a standard unit for the living room.
  • An example of the data placeholder drawing result is shown in Figure 42.
  • data placeholder files can also be obtained by loading historical data placeholder files. That is to say, the overall process of building a BIM model based on data occupancy can be shown in Figure 43, in which step 1 and step 2 can be executed at the same time, or one can be executed selectively.
  • the method of loading historical data placeholder files can quickly generate data placeholder files and import them into Revit to generate standard units. Loading historical data placeholder files can shorten the production time of data placeholder maps and thus the standard unit production time.
  • Historical data placeholder files are stored in the placeholder storage database, and the required data placeholder files can be quickly retrieved according to the application scenario. Load the historical data placeholder file into the plug-in. You can choose to use this file directly, load it into Revit to generate a standard unit, or choose to adjust it and then load it into Revit to generate a standard unit. Compared with creating a new data placeholder file from scratch, loading historical data placeholder files for direct use or fine-tuning can save users a lot of time.
  • Loading historical data placeholder files is achieved through the following methods:
  • Step 1 Link the "Load" button of the page to the data placeholder file storage database through the C# program.
  • Step 2 Save all data placeholder files in the database in JSON format.
  • Step 3 Parse the JSON file and load it into the placeholder drawing plug-in.
  • the attributes for setting this type include title: the title of the file dialog box; Filter: filtering the file type to be selected.
  • Filter can be used to filter out all files in non-JSON format.
  • JSON is a lightweight data exchange format that is easy for humans to read and write.
  • Object and array types are often represented using JSON.
  • the placeholder information and scene information are a type of object and array, so they can be stored in JSON format.
  • the outermost layer of the JSON file is an object.
  • the object first stores the application scene through the "scene” key, and then uses an array that stores all the placeholder information in the file as the value in the "placeholder” key.
  • Four types of placeholder information are represented by four types of objects respectively.
  • the "name” attribute represents the name of the first type of placeholder
  • the "id” attribute represents the first type of placeholder ID, represented by splicing a random number at the current time
  • the "start” attribute represents the starting point of the first type of placeholder
  • “end” attribute indicates the end point of the first type of placeholder
  • “width” attribute indicates the width of the first type of placeholder wall.
  • Second type of object second type of placeholder
  • the "name” attribute represents the name of the second type of placeholder; "id” represents the ID of the second type of placeholder, which is represented by splicing a random number at the current time; "host”: the host required when placing the second type of placeholder.
  • "coordinate” attribute indicates the coordinates of the placement position of the second type of placeholder;
  • width indicates the width of the second type of placeholder object;
  • height indicates the second type of placeholder object Height;
  • angle Indicates the rotation angle of the second type of placeholder.
  • the third type of object the third type of placeholder
  • name represents the name of the third type of placeholder
  • ID represents the ID of the third type of placeholder
  • host represents the corresponding placeholder of the host element required when placing the third type of placeholder.
  • ID indicates the coordinates of the placement position of the third type of placeholder
  • heightByLevel indicates the height of the third type of placeholder relative to the current elevation
  • width indicates the width of the third type of placeholder object
  • height represents the height of the third type of placeholder object
  • angle represents the rotation angle of the third type of placeholder.
  • the fourth type of object the fourth type of placeholder
  • name represents the fourth type of placeholder name
  • Id represents the fourth type of placeholder ID
  • coordinate represents the coordinates of the placement position of the fourth type of placeholder
  • width represents the fourth type of placeholder The width of the placeholder object
  • height indicates the height of the fourth type of placeholder object
  • angle indicates the rotation angle of the fourth type of placeholder.
  • C# is used to call the JArray.Parse() command during the file parsing process and all data are stored in the JArray format.
  • Data placeholder information through foreach traversing the placeholder data in JArray format, you can obtain the individual information of each data placeholder.
  • the program After creating a new data placeholder file and/or after loading a historical data placeholder file, the program needs to have the function for the user to adjust the data placeholder. Especially when the user needs to quickly create a standard unit that meets the requirements in Revit, the user can load the historical data placeholder file and quickly make some adjustments to create the standard unit. Therefore, adjusting data placeholders in a convenient and quick way can greatly speed up the production efficiency of standard units and improve the utilization ability of BIM component files and data placeholders.
  • the data placeholder is adjusted through the collaborative cooperation of the drawing area, the visualization area, and the viewing area.
  • the placeholder data After the placeholder data is entered in the drawing area, it will be displayed in the viewing area through the front-end WPF code. You can check the details of all data placeholders in the subsequent production process of other data placeholders, as shown in Figure 44.
  • the viewing area cooperates with the drawing area and visualization area
  • the format of the saved data placeholder file is the same as the JSON file format described above.
  • the recommended BIM component files can be obtained in the digital design resource library based on the data placeholders in the data placeholder files. This step can be achieved in the following ways:
  • the data placeholder file contains all information except BIM component files and elevations.
  • the program gives each data placeholder a BIM component file, and the BIM component instance can be placed in the current elevation. Therefore, it is necessary to recommend a BIM component file for each data placeholder.
  • the specific recommended method is: read the BIM component types and application scenarios in all data placeholder information on the plug-in backend, and use the C# program to retrieve the BIM component types and applications containing each data placeholder in the digital design resource library. Scene keywords. Each data placeholder will candidate multiple BIM component files, and the program selects the first BIM component to be bound to the data placeholder as the recommended BIM component file.
  • the so-called standard unit is a BIM model that is mapped to real-life application scenarios and composed of a set of related BIM components, such as standard rooms, standard bathrooms, standard nurse stations, standard medical units, standard office units, etc.
  • the final standard unit can be produced. Click "Load" of the plug-in to automatically create standard units in Revit. The specific steps are:
  • Step 1 The program backend obtains all data placeholder information, including the first type of placeholder, the second type of placeholder, the third type of placeholder, and the fourth type of placeholder.
  • Step 2 The program backend obtains all BIM component files bound to the data placeholders.
  • Step 3 Make a standard unit.
  • the order of placing BIM component instances is to place the BIM component instances in the first type of placeholder, then the fourth type of placeholder, the second type of placeholder, and the third type of placeholder. symbol.
  • Revit API is used to automatically arrange the walls. First, use the wall starting point and wall end point to create a wall line in Line format. Then, by calling the FilteredElementCollector class, obtain the current elevation and wall system BIM components through the OfCategoryId() function in the FilteredElementCollector class. Finally, use the Wall.Create() function in Revit. Wall placement is done at the current level.
  • For the fourth type of placeholder call the FilteredElementCollector class, obtain the current elevation through the OfCategoryId() function in the FilteredElementCollector class, load the BIM component file through the Directory.GetFiles() function and Document.LoadFamily() function, and then load the coordinates Put the point, elevation and BIM component files into the Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance() function to create a BIM component instance.
  • Revit API is used to automatically place BIM component instances.
  • the program first grabs the host element ID stored in the second type of placeholder in Revit, and then obtains the current elevation through the FilteredElementCollector class and the OfCategoryId() function in the FilteredElementCollector class.
  • the Directory.GetFiles() function and Document.LoadFamily() loads BIM component files. Finally, put the coordinate points, loaded BIM component files, captured host elements, and current elevation into the Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance() function to place the second type of placeholder.
  • the method of automatically placing BIM component instances using the Revit API is similar to the second type of placeholder.
  • the z value given to the coordinate point XYZ in the Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance() function is the height.
  • a plug-in that implements BIM model construction can be developed based on the above method.
  • the plug-in can be placed in the BIM software in this application, that is, in the Revit software.
  • the digital design resource library application method includes using a variety of different creation methods to create BIM components, such as a method based on automatic extraction of BIM models and a method of creating BIM components based on recommended creation instructions.
  • BIM component creation method based on Rhino component conversion. It can specifically solve the problem that the existing technology is mainly based on independent creation, and the cumbersome operation steps lead to low efficiency in the creation of BIM component resources, and there is no effective use of component resources in the existing BIM model, and there is a lack of effective methods to combine other non-BIM components. Issues such as converting BIM component resources into BIM component resources.
  • parameters can also be added to the BIM components in batches to realize the modification of the BIM components. It can specifically solve the problem of inefficiency existing in the existing technology of adding parameters of BIM components by adding individual components in batches.
  • parameter visual verification can also be performed on the BIM components, thereby solving the problems existing in the existing technology in a targeted manner.
  • this embodiment also provides a BIM component recommendation method based on cosine similarity, which can specifically solve the shortcomings in the existing technology of lack of effective BIM component recommendation methods based on designers' independent search queries. .
  • this embodiment also provides a BIM model construction method based on data occupancy, which can specifically solve the problems of long time consumption and difficulty in reuse of building BIM models with a single BIM component in the existing technology. defect.
  • the digital design resource library application method provided by the embodiments of the present application can generally solve the problem of immature construction-related BIM component resource libraries in the existing technology and the lack of a system in the formation, management, and application of BIM component resource libraries. Sexual flaws.
  • the electronic device includes a memory, a processor and a communication module.
  • the components of the memory, processor and communication module are directly or indirectly electrically connected to each other to realize data transmission or interaction.
  • these components may be electrically connected to each other through one or more communication buses or signal lines.
  • memory is used to store programs or data.
  • the memory may be, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Memory In addition to read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), electrically erasable read-only memory (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), etc.
  • the processor is used to read/write data or programs stored in the memory, and execute the BIM component creation method and the digital design resource library application method provided by any embodiment of this application.
  • the communication module is used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device and other communication terminals through the network, and is used to send and receive data through the network.
  • Figure 48 is only a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may also include more or fewer components than shown in Figure 48 , or have a different configuration than that shown in Figure 48 .
  • This embodiment of the present application also provides a BIM component creation device.
  • the device includes:
  • An acquisition unit used to acquire recommended creation instructions based on the current creation instructions and transition probability information for creating the BIM component
  • the transition probability information includes the execution probability of the next arbitrary creation instruction after the current creation instruction, and the recommended creation instruction includes the first preset number of creation instructions sorted from large to small according to the execution probability;
  • a display unit used to display the recommendation creation instructions on the recommendation interface
  • An execution unit configured to execute a new creation instruction when any one of the recommended creation instructions is determined to be a new creation instruction.
  • the BIM component creation device based on recommended creation instructions in the embodiment of the present application can implement the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions in any of the above implementations.
  • the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions in the above embodiment please refer to the relevant description of the BIM component creation method based on recommended creation instructions in the above embodiment.
  • This embodiment of the present application also provides a digital design resource library application device, which includes:
  • the creation unit is used to create BIM components using a variety of different creation methods, including the creation method of BIM components based on automatic extraction of BIM models, the creation method of BIM components based on Rhino component conversion, and The creation method implemented by the above-mentioned BIM component creation device based on recommended creation instructions;
  • the application unit is used to add parameters in batches to the BIM components for which parameters need to be added, and after the creator binds the geometric parameters of the BIM components after adding parameters, performs geometric parameter binding on the BIM components.
  • Visual verification storing the BIM components that have passed the verification into the digital design resource library.
  • the digital design resource library application device in the embodiment of the present application can implement the digital design resource library application method in any of the above implementation modes.
  • the relevant description of the application method of the digital design resource library in the above embodiment please refer to the relevant description of the application method of the digital design resource library in the above embodiment.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium that stores machine-executable instructions.
  • machine-executable instructions When executed, the BIM component creation method and digital design provided by the above embodiments are implemented.
  • Resource library application method When the machine-executable instructions are executed, the BIM component creation method and digital design provided by the above embodiments are implemented.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be a general-purpose storage medium, such as a removable disk, a hard disk, etc.
  • the computer program on the computer-readable storage medium can execute the above-mentioned BIM component creation method and digital design resource library.
  • Application method Regarding the processes involved when the computer-readable storage medium and its executable instructions are executed, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种BIM构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置,通过在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令,以供用户选择,用户直接在推荐界面上选择推荐创建指令,相对于从指令库中选择下一步的指令,其选择效率更高,可以提升BIM构件的创建效率。此外,在数字设计资源库创建及应用中,采用多种不同的创建方式予以实现,在提升BIM构件创建效率的基础上,进一步提升数字设计资源库创建的效率。并且,通过对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,对BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证。如此,可有效实现BIM构件的参数批量添加、参数化能力验证,进而实现高效性地、体系性地数字设计资源库的形成和管理。

Description

BIM构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年06月13日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202210658876.X、名称为“BIM模型的自动提炼方法、系统、电子设备及介质”的中国专利申请的优先权,要求于2022年08月16日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202210977780.X、名称为“BIM构件参数化能力的驱动验证方法、装置和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,要求于2022年08月17日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202210983786.8、名称为“一种BIM构件的推荐方法、装置以及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,要求于2022年11月07日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202211381668.6、名称为“一种BIM构件的创建方法、装置、存储介质及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,要求于2022年11月29日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202211512160.5、名称为“BIM模型搭建方法及装置、计算机设备和可读存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权,并且要求于2022年12月21日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202211650048.8、名称为“BIM构件参数添加方法、装置、存储介质及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,上述专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及建筑信息技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种BIM构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置。
背景技术
建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)构件资源是构成BIM模型的基础单元,是BIM模型几何信息和非几何信息的传递载体,也是建筑工程企业BIM构件资源库的主要内容。
在企业数字化转型的大趋势下,以数字化技术为依托加速数字化与建造全业务链的深度融合,在建筑项目中采用BIM设计是大势所趋。而BIM构件资源库是建筑工程行业全面应用数字化技术的基础条件之一,是建筑行业实现生产、管理、服务数字化转型的基础保障。
构件是BIM模型构成的最小数据单元和几何单元,是项目中一个关键属性参数或多个关键属性参数集合在项目中确定为的一个固定值的最小不重复项。企业构件资源库为多个符合本标准的构件集合,反应到BIM软件,如Autodesk Revit软件则为多个符合使用标准的.rfa格式的可载入BIM构件文件集合。BIM构件为建模软件中的元素,同时也是参数信息的载体,一个BIM构件的多个属性参数对应的值可能不同,对应形成多个BIM构件类型。
对于BIM构件的创建,由于其存在较强的专业性,导致创建BIM构件存在较强的低效率问题,且其技术成本较高,从业人员进行一定的学习才能有能力创建BIM构件。并且,目前世界范围内的建筑工程相关BIM构件资源库仍然很不成熟,在BIM构件资源库的形成、管理和应用等方面仍缺乏体系性。
发明内容
本申请的目的包括,例如,提供了一种BIM构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置,其能够实现高效、体系性地资源库形成和管理。
本申请的实施例可以这样实现:
第一方面,本申请提供一种BIM构件创建方法,所述方法包括:
基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令;
其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令;
在推荐界面上展示所述推荐创建指令;
在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
第二方面,本申请提供一种数字设计资源库应用方法,所述方法包括:
采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,所述多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及基于前述实施方式任意一项所述的BIM构件的创建方式;
针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
第三方面,本申请提供一种BIM构件创建装置,所述装置包括:
获取单元,用于基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令;
其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包 括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令;
展示单元,用于在推荐界面上展示所述推荐创建指令;
执行单元,用于在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
第四方面,本申请提供一种数字设计资源库应用装置,所述装置包括:
创建单元,用于采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,所述多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及在前述实施方式所述的BIM构件创建装置下实现的创建方式;
应用单元,用于针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
本申请实施例的有益效果包括,例如:
本申请提供一种BIM构件创建方法、数字设计资源库应用方法和装置,在进行BIM构件创建时,通过在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令,以供用户选择,用户直接在推荐界面上选择推荐创建指令,相对于从指令库中选择下一步的指令,其选择效率更高,且对技术成本的要求降低,进而可以提升BIM构件的创建效率。
进一步地,在进行数字设计资源库创建及应用时,通过采用多种不同的BIM构件创建方式进行创建,包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及基于通过推荐创建指令进行BIM构件创建的方式。可以在提升BIM构件创建效率的基础上,进一步提升数字设计资源库创建的效率。并且,通过对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库中。如此,可以有效实现BIM构件的参数批量添加、参数化能力验证,进而实现高效性地、体系性地数字设计资源库的形成和管理。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用方法的流程图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用方法总体技术路线示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用方法的另一流程图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件创建方法的流程图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建总体技术路线示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统的示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建软件系统设置操作界面示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建系软件统使用效果的示意图;
图9为图1中步骤S11包含的子步骤的流程图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的BIM模型自动提炼的总体技术路线示意图;
图11为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件命名标准的示意图;
图12为图1中步骤S11包含的子步骤的另一流程图;
图13为本申请实施例提供的犀牛构件转换为BIM构件的总体技术路线示意图;
图14为本申请实施例提供的ply文件中对象定义的示意性格式之一;
图15为本申请实施例提供的ply文件中对象定义的示意性格式之二;
图16为本申请实施例提供的3dm格式文件转换为ply格式文件的算法示意性代码;
图17为本申请实施例提供的解析ply格式文件的算法示意性代码;
图18为图1中步骤S12包含的子步骤的流程图;
图19为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件修改模块的插件界面示意图;
图20为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件修改模块的插件的参数信息界面示意图;
图21为图1中步骤S13包含的子步骤的流程图;
图22为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件参数可视化验证的总体技术路线示意图;
图23为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件的参数集的示意图;
图24为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件的JSON格式数据集的示意图;
图25为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件参数动态赋予到变量的示意图;
图26为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件可视化数据驱动检查界面的示意图;
图27为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件可视化数据驱动检查软件界面图解说明的示意图;
图28为本申请实施例提供的驱动验证软件的使用流程示意图;
图29为图3中步骤S14包含的子步骤的流程图;
图30为本申请实施例提供的基于余弦相似度的BIM构件推荐的总体技术路线示意图;
图31为本申请实施例提供的数据断面创建过程示意图;
图32为本申请实施例提供的获取数据断面内的相关其他构件数据图解的示意图;
图33为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件应用场景数据集构件收集系统的示意图;
图34为本申请实施例提供的基于应用场景的BIM构件推荐系统的示意图;
图35为图3中步骤S15包含的子步骤的流程图;
图36为本申请实施例提供的数据占位符及数据占位图的示意图;
图37为本申请实施例提供的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建相关的插件初始界面的示意图;
图38为本申请实施例提供的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建相关的插件的4个区域的示意图;
图39为本申请实施例提供的标准笛卡尔坐标系的示意图;
图40为本申请实施例提供的第一类占位符的可视化示意图;
图41为本申请实施例提供的第二类占位符的可视化示意图;
图42为本申请实施例提供的数据占位符绘制结果实例示意图;
图43为本申请实施例提供的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建的整体流程图;
图44为本申请实施例提供的绘图区域与可视化区域和查看区域配合的示意图;
图45为本申请实施例提供的可视化区域与绘图区域和查看区域配合的示意图;
图46为本申请实施例提供的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建的插件的使用方式之一;
图47为本申请实施例提供的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建的插件的使用方式之二;
图48为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构框图;
图49为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件创建装置的功能模块框图;
图50为本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用装置的功能模块框图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此,以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围,而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
本申请实施例提供一种数字设计资源库应用方法,该方法可以由数字设计资源库应用装置来执行,该装置可以采用软件和/或硬件的方式实现。该装置可配置于终端中。如图1所示,该方法包括:
S11,采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建。
其中,多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件的创建方式。
S12,针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加。
S13,在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
本实施例中,在进行数字设计资源库创建时,通过采用多种不同的BIM构件创建方式进行创建,包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及基于通过推荐创建指令进行BIM构件创建的方式。可以在提升BIM构件创建效率的基础上,进一步提升数字设计资源库创建的效率。并且,通过对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库中。如此,可以有效实现BIM构件的参数批量添加、参数化能力验证,进而实现高效性地、体系性地数字设计资源库的形成和管理。
请结合参阅图2和图3,本实施例所提供的数字设计资源库应用方法还包括以下步骤:
S14,基于余弦相似度的BIM构件的推荐。
S15,基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建。
其中,如图2中所示,上述的BIM构件的创建可以由BIM构件生成模块予以实现,包括如基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件创建、基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建、以及基于犀牛构件转换的BIM构件创建。而执行BIM构件的参数的批量添加可以由BIM构件修改模块予以实现,执行BIM构件的几何参数可视化验 证可以由BIM构件验证模块予以实现。此外,还具有BIM构件应用模块,以用于实现基于余弦相似度的BIM构件推荐以及基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建。
由上可见,在该数字设计资源库创建及应用过程中,首先涉及到BIM构件的创建。BIM构件的创建可采用多种创建方式予以实现,其中一种为基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法。以下首先对基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法的实现方式进行介绍。
请参阅图4,为本申请实施例提供的BIM构件创建方法的流程图,该创建方法即为基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法。该方法可以由BIM构件创建装置来执行,该装置可以采用软件和/或硬件的方式实现,该装置可配置于终端中。如图4所示,该方法包括:
S111,基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令。
其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令。
S112,在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令。
S113,在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
本实施例中,可以从BIM软件的BIM软件应用程序接口(Application Programming Interface,API)接口获取当前创建指令。可选地,转移概率信息为马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵。本实施例中,BIM软件可以是但不限于Revit软件。
应理解,在BIM构件的创建过程中,用户选择不同的创建指令具有较大的随机性。可以假定认为下一时刻使用的BIM构件的创建指令仅与上一时刻的创建指令相关,且BIM软件提供的BIM构件的创建指令数量有限,用户在不同时刻的创建指令选择也是有限,也就意味着马尔科夫链转移状态有限。进一步可解释为,对于任一两连续时刻Xt、Xt+1,Xt时刻用户使用orderf,那么Xt+1时刻用户使用orderg的概率为p(f,g),其中f、g为任意两个BIM构件操作命令序号。
因此构建马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵P如下,任意p均为未知数。
其中,orderl表征为第l个创建指令,s表征用户在创建BIM构件过程中所使用到的创建指令的总数,p(f,g)表征在创建指令(orderl)之后执行创建指令(orderg)的概率,或者,在创建指令(orderl)之后创建指令(orderg)的执行概率。
上述马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵P具备两个特征:
1)0≤p(f,g)≤1,其中(f,g=1,2,...,s),即:对任一的p(f,g)取值范围为[0,1];
2)其中(f=1,2,...,s),即:即矩阵中每一行转移概率之和等于1。
应理解,在当前创建指令和转移概率信息的基础上,可以获知在当前创建指令之后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,进而可以确定推荐创建指令。
可选地,预设位数可以大于或等于1,例如选择执行概率最大的创建指令作为推荐创建指令,或者,选择 执行概率排序前5的创建指令作为推荐创建指令。
当然地,转移概率信息可以通过矩阵的形式呈现,也可以通过其他形式呈现,例如集合、序列以及表格,在此不做限定。
可选地,可以通过显示器展示推荐界面,推荐界面可以是一个插件界面。通过在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令,给用户提供参考,方便用户选择下一步的创建指令。
通过在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令,以供用户选择,用户直接在推荐界面上选择推荐操作指令,相对于从指令库中选择下一步的指令,其选择效率更高,且对技术成本的要求降低,进而可以提升BIM构件的创建效率。
可选地,可以通过对应的BIM软件执行新的创建指令。可选地,新的创建指令为待执行的创建指令。
由上,本实施例提供的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法,通过在推荐界面上展示推荐创建指令,以供用户选择,用户直接在推荐界面上选择推荐操作指令,相对于从指令库中选择下一步的指令,其选择效率更高,且对技术成本的要求降低,进而可以提升BIM构件的创建效率。
应理解,在下一个周期内,新被执行的创建指令可以作为新的当前创建指令,重复进行创建指令推荐。
可选地,根据马尔科夫链模型转移概率矩阵特性,状态orderf转移x步的概率矩阵为:
P(x)=p(orderf)Px(1)
马尔科夫链概率分布完全由它的一步概率矩阵p(1)与初始分布概率p(orderf)决定,即用户创建BIM构件过程中使用到的任一操作命令仅与初始形成的转移概率矩阵与初始分布有关,而对于命令推荐而言初始状态为已知的,仅需考虑执行下一步所有可能的命令及其概率。
从orderf转移x步到状态orderg的转移概率为p(f,g),即P(x)的第f行第g列。
对于BIM构件创建命令的推荐,仅需考虑转移1步得到下一状态的概率矩阵P(1),进一步可从概率矩阵P(1)中取得当前操作命令orderf转移到其它任一操作命令所有概率值如下:
P(f)=[p(f,1) p(f,2) ... p(f,l) ... p(f,s-1) p(f,s)]
取得P(f)中执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令作为推荐创建指令。根据orderl={namel,idl},可得到下一执行命令的命令名称和命令id,可将命令名称供用户选择,而将命令id作为执行下次命令的输入参数。
对于如何获取转移概率信息,本实施例还提供了一种可能的实现方式,也即,在基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令之前,BIM构件创建方法还包括以下步骤:
获取创建人员的BIM构件创建的日志记录,其中,日志记录包括创建人员在进行BIM构件创建的过程中所使用过的历史创建指令和历史创建指令执行的顺序,基于日志记录确定所有的历史创建指令,统计日志记录中任意指令组合出现的频度,其中,指令组合为相邻的任意两个历史创建指令的组合;统计日志记录中以任意一个历史创建指令对应的组合数量,其中,组合数量为以历史创建指令作为其中的第一指令的指令组合的数量;基于频度和组合数量,确定在每一种历史创建指令后任意历史创建指令的执行概率,以生成转移概率信息。
可选地,创建人员可以用户自己,还可以是BIM构件效率较高的榜样对象。为了使得数据更具有代表性,贴合用户习惯,可以尽可能多收集同一用户的日志记录,创建出来的转移概率信息可以提升用户的体验感。
可选地,可以仅获取预设时间段内的日志记录。应理解,日志记录的数量可以不为1,例如为获取到m个BIM构件创建日志文件对应的m个日志记录。
可选地,定义任一日志记录中任一BIM构件创建指令为:
其中,i表示第i个BIM构件创建的日志记录,其取值范围为{1,m},m表示日志记录的总数;ji表征第i个日志记录中的第j个创建指令,其取值范围为{1,ni},ni表征第i个日志记录中创建指令的总数。
以squencei表达一个BIM构件创建的日志记录中BIM构件创建指令序列,遍历完一个日志记录后形成一个指令序列,将遍历过程中所读取到的创建指令储存在squencei中,squencei中包含多个创建指令
请参考下表1,表1用于展示获取到的一个日志记录中部分创建指令。
表1 BIM构件操作命令
遍历完所有日志记录后形成m个指令序列,将单个日志记录形成的指令序列squencei进行汇总,将m个指令序列汇总至squence中,至此获取到所有BIM构件创建的日志记录中的创建指令,对收集到的所有BIM构件创建日志记录所有指令序列squence可表达如下。
即任一BIM构件指令序列squencei,均有一组对应的BIM构件创建指令对应。
在获取到squence的基础上,可以将二维的所有指令序列squence降维到一维空间,即将squencei循环取出后按序拼接,形成第一指令集合T表达如下:
将第一指令集合T中的所有重复的创建指令去除后,总计保留有S个创建指令,得到包含创建BIM构件过程中用到的所有创建指令的第二指令集合Q,表达如下:
Q={order1,...,orderf,...,orderg,...,orders}
其中,orderl表征第二指令集合Q中的第l个创建指令,对于任意orderf和orderg均不相同。
orderl={namel,idl}
其中,name表征创建指令的名称,id表征创建指令的id。
应理解,第二指令集合Q中的创建指令均为历史创建指令。
应理解,同一个指令组合中的两个历史创建指令可以相同,也可以不同。
可选地,由于用户操作的随机性或创建一个BIM构件命令的复杂性,BIM构件操作序列squencei中的任一命令分布存在一定的随机性和重复性,且一定存在因此要循环读取BIM构件操作序列squencei,迭代统计及其出现后下一个命令,也就是统计命令组合出现的频度,将统计到的指令组合序列记为O,表达如下:
指令组合序列O包含了BIM构件创建操作日志记录中任一种指令组合情况,为了方便的统计所有的指令组合情况及其对应的数量,将所有的指令组合序列拼接循环取出并拼接,可得到一维空间的指令序列集合S。
指令组合序列O包含了BIM构件创建操作日志记录中任一种指令组合情况,为了方便的统计所有的指令组合情况及其对应的数量,将所有的指令组合序列拼接循环取出并拼接,可得到一维空间的指令序列集合S:
基于指令序列集合S可以统计日志记录中任意指令组合出现的频度。
应理解,基于指令序列集合S还可以获取任意一个历史创建指令对应的组合数量。
由于指令组合是由一对对应的BIM软件的创建指令(orderf,orderg)来表示的,记(orderf,orderg)在指令序列集合S中出现的频度为Mfg,记以orderf为其中的第一指令的指令组合 的数量为Nf
因此,Xt时刻用户使用orderf,那么Xt+1时刻用户使用的创建指令为orderg的概率为:
可得马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵:
应理解,其中:
在上述获取创建人员的BIM构件创建的日志记录的步骤中,本实施例提供一种可能的实现方式,可以通过以下方式实现:
读取指定路径下的日志文件,获取日志文件中以指定字符串开头的行文本,生成对应的日志记录;在日志记录包含第一特征字符串或不包含第二特征字符串的情况下,将日志记录删除;将保留下来的日志记录中的第一行删除。
应理解,许多操作系统和软件应用程序具有在通常称为日志文件的文件中记录消息、错误、输出等的方法,日志文件用于诊断问题或确保程序正常运行,在BIM软件中也存在此文件,能够方便的从计算机默认位置获取。日志文件也包含了BIM模型操作和BIM构件操作的相关指令。在日志文件收集方面,为了使得数据更具有代表性,可以尽可能多收集同一用户(创建人员)的日志文件,创建出来的转移概率矩阵可以提升单个用户的体验感。
以BIM软件采用Autodesk Revit为例进行说明,可以在路径“%LOCALAPPDATA%\Autodesk\Revit\<产品名称和版本>\Journals”下获取日志文件。针对本申请而言,收集专门用于构件创建的日志文件journal.xxxx.txt,其中xxxx表示该journal日志文件生成的序号,该路径下的日志文件包括项目操作日志和构件操作日志。用户找到符合BIM软件版本的日志文件路径(即指定路径)后,将日志文件路径赋予给电子设备,由电子设备获取所有日志文件路径下的文件,并筛选仅为.txt格式文档即可获取所有日志文件。
进而可以通过获取日志文件中以指定字符串开头的行文本,生成对应的日志记录。
可选地,循环读取到所有日志文件后,为了保证原始文件的完整性,以只读的方式按行读取日志文件中的内容,并筛选得到以“Jrn.Command”开头的行文本,包括Jrn.CommandAccelKey、Jrn.CommandInternal、Jrn.CommandStartupPage、Jrn.CommandRibbon、Jrn.CommandKeyboardShortcut以及Jrn.CommandSystemMenu等6类以“Jrn.Command”开头的行文本,其中,一个“Jrn.Command”行代表一个操作指令。
应理解,在生成日志记录的过程中,按照日志文件中的行排列顺序读取,以使日志记录包括创建人员在进行BIM构件创建的过程中所使用过的历史创建指令和历史创建指令执行的顺序。即日志记录中的历史创建指令按照UI有的执行顺序排列。
其中,第一特征字符串例如为“创建新项目”,第二特征字符串例如为“创建新族”。需要说明的是,族为BIM构件的下位概念。
可选地,日志文件包含两种类型日志,包括项目操作日志和构件操作日志,可以通过读取到每个日志文件后,可以生成对应的日志记录。
通过判断日志记录是否包含“创建新族”且不含“创建新项目”两个字符串来得到仅用于BIM构件创建的日志文件对应的日志记录,至此获取到m个日志记录。
可选地,为了后续方便创建马尔科夫转移概率矩阵,可以将BIM软件中部分创建指令进行预处理。
需要说明的是,所有的日志记录中以“Jrn.Command”为开头的第一行均为“显示或隐藏最近使用的文件,ID_STARTUP_PAGE”的无效内容,因此需将此行删除,获取仅包含构件创建的指令行,进一步筛选到行中的指令名称和指令id。进而确定m个日志记录,每个日志记录中包含nm个构件创建指令。
在上述基础上,本实施例所提供的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法,还可包括以下步骤:
在推荐创建指令之外的任意一个被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令,并更新转移概率信息。
具体地,可持续判断是否有任意一个推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令。当任意一个推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,表示用户的使用习惯与当前的转移概率信息匹配,则直接执行由推荐创建指令构成的新的创建指令。当推荐创建指令之外的任意一个被确定为新的创建指令时,则表示用户的使用习惯与当前的转移概率信息不匹配,则需执行由该推荐创建指令之外的被确定的新的创建指令,并更新转移概率信息。
应理解,更新后的转移概率信息能够更加贴合用户的使用习惯,有助于提升用户的创建效率。
可选地,基于上一个创建指令和新的当前创建指令完成更新。或者,在执行由推荐创建指令之外的被确定的新的创建指令后,重新获取日志文件所对应的日志记录,完成转移概率信息更新。
在上述执行新的创建指令之后,本实施例所提供的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法还可包括以下步骤:
确定BIM构件是否创建完成,若否,则重复基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令。
可选地,通过判断新的创建指令是否为结束标志,例如rn.CommandSystemMenu,来确定BIM构件是否创建完成。若否,则重复基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中的转移概率信息,可以通过上述方式获得,也可以直接从电子设备下载,且在工作过程中可以动态更新。
在一种可能的实现方式中,电子设备可以自动识别BIM软件的版本,从而确定指定路径,以获取对应的日志文件。
为了对本实施例中的创建方法的整体流程具有更清楚的认识,图5中示出了本实施例中的整体流程,以下结合图5所示,对本实施例所提供的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法的整体流程进行介绍。
基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法整体上可以包括8个技术步骤,包括获取所有BIM构件创建日志、BIM构件创建命令预处理、获取BIM构件创建人员BIM构件创建命令集合、获取BIM构件创建命令组合序列集合、定义马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵、计算马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵、基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建命令转移概率计算、基于马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统。
在创建好BIM构件后进入审核流程,完成命名标准审查、几何形体标准审查、几何参数标准审查、非几何参数标准审查、管理信息标准审查。在几何参数标准审查时,可使用BIM构件验证模块辅助审查;对审查通过的BIM构件直接完成入库,对审查未通过BIM构件则使用BIM构件修改模块进一步修改,修改继续审查。
本实施例中,关于如何获取所有BIM构件创建日志,直至基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建命令转移概率计算的实现方式可以参见上述实施例中的相关描述,在此不作赘述。在此基础上,使用BIM软件二次开发以开发一个基于马尔科夫链转移概率矩阵的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统,该系统能够在BIM软件中创建BIM构件过程中,自动向用户推荐下一步可能执行的命令。
请结合图6所示,基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统的整体工作流程主要包括创建转移概率矩阵以及BIM构件创建命令推荐两部分。
实施时,用户需将系统安装到BIM软件中,当首次启动时,系统将自动通过Revit Application对象中的VersionName属性获取当前BIM软件版本,并自动形成完成日志文件访问路径“%LOCALAPPDATA%\Autodesk\Revit\<产品名称和版本>\Journals”下所有日志文件,并筛选到仅为创建BIM构件的日志文件,循环获取所有日志文件中仅与创建BIM构件相关的命令行,经预处理后形成用户创建BIM构件过程中常用到的所有命令集合,以及BIM构件操作命令组合序列。然后统计各命令组合序列出现的频度,以及以同一命令为第一状态的命令序列数量,通过相处占比的方式计算每个命令向其它命令转移的概率,形成转移概率矩阵,最终形成以用户自身数据为出发点的转移概率矩阵。
在BIM构件创建命令推荐部分,可根据已有的转移概率矩阵P,系统会自动计算下一步转移概率矩阵(分布概率矩阵)P。系统通过BIM软件API获取用户输入的当前BIM构件创建操作命令名称,自动匹配命令集合Q中的命令orderf及其序号f,并根据匹配到的序号在转移概率矩阵P中获取orderf的概率矩阵P(f)。 进一步获取P(f)中的最大概率值对应的命令orderj,就是下一步要执行的命令名称,对应获取命令orderj的id,当用户选择接受推荐结果时,再通过BIM软件API选择对应id的命令执行。
本实施例中,推荐系统以BIM软件形式安装,安装后能够自动识别软件版本和对应版本已有BIM构件创建日志,并生成操作命令转移概率矩阵,也能下载、删除和更新操作命令转移概率矩阵,并主动更新软件。如图7和图8所示,分别示出了本实施例中的基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统设置操作界面,以及基于马尔科夫链的BIM构件创建命令推荐系统的使用效果。
由上可知,数字设计资源库应用方法中,还可采用BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方法进行BIM构件的创建。请参阅图9,本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用方法中,可通过以下方式实现基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件创建:
S114,将已归档的BIM模型中的可载入BIM构件文件保存为本地文件,以得到第一构件集合,并获得第一构件集合中所有第一构件的MD5编码和名称。
S115,获得数字设计资源库中所有的BIM构件以形成第二构件集合,并获得第二构件集合中所有第二构件的MD5编码和名称。
S116,对所有第一构件和第二构件执行MD5编码和名称的全匹配。
S117,针对各所述第一构件,若第一构件的MD5编码和名称均未匹配成功,则对第一构件进行审查和修改,得到审查通过后的BIM构件。
请结合参阅图10,本实施例中,使用BIM软件的API接口获取已归档BIM模型中的可载入BIM构件。已归档BIM模型是指在协同设计结束后并归档在案的BIM模型,该BIM模型是最终图纸的生成依据和设计交付依据。
本实施例中,使用BIM软件的API接口将可载入BIM构件保存为本地文件,可以通过以下方式实现:
1)创建Autodesk Cloud Transmitter服务,启用外部应用程序的许可证检查;
2)通过OpenDocumentFile()方法打开要处理的Revit文档;
3)使用FilteredElementCollector类获取文档中的所有可载入BIM构件;
4)遍历可载入BIM构件中所有的元素,并将其转化为Family对象;
5)使用Family对象的SaveAs函数将BIM构件文件存储到本地,得到本地文件。
MD5编码是一种加密算法,是被广泛使用的密码散列函数,可以产生出一个128位(16字节)的散列值(hash value),用于确保信息传输完整一致,同时,MD5编码具备唯一性。由于BIM构件具有数量多、变化大等特性,以构件名称和构件文件MD5编码为第一构件和第二构件的比对特征,可以有效地避免同类构件出现反复创建的情况。其中构件名称依照标准化的命名方式,MD5编码在BIM构件加密的基础上可以防止使用者只修改构件名称而重复创建。MD5编码是BIM模型构件文件的唯一编码,这里是作为BIM构件文件的唯一编码。
在一种可能的实现方式中,本实施例中基于BIM模型的自动提炼的BIM构件创建方式还可以包括以下步骤:
若第一构件的MD5编码和名称的其中一项与任意第二构件匹配成功,则该第二构件为第一构件的同类型构件;获取同类型构件的参数集以及和公式数据库,将参数集以及和公式数据库与第一构件绑定,以将参数集以及和公式数据库写入至第一构件中。
本实施例中,若将第一构件与第二构件进行比对后,发现第一构件为特有构件,也即,该第一构件的MD5编码和名称的其中一项可以与第二构件匹配成功。则说明现有的数字设计资源库中无此构件,但存在同类型的构件,也即该匹配的第二构件。因此,可以将数字设计资源库中与该特有构件同类型的第二构件的参数集以及和公式数据库写入到该特有构件下。
本实施例中,在一种可能的实现方式下,可以通过以下方式完成参数集以及和公式数据库的写入:
在BIM软件中导入命名空间库;读取包括同类型构件的BIM构件文件的二进制数据,二进制数据包括同类型构件的参数集以及和公式数据库;计算二进制数据的MD5编码;将BIM构件文件的名称和对应的MD5编码输出至第一构件的文本文件或数据库中。
本实施例中,导入System.Security.Cryptography命名空间库以使用MD5计算方法。包含同类型构件的文件在数字设计资源库中以BIM构件文件形式存在。通过将同类型构件的参数集以及和公式数据库,执行MD5编码计算,从而通过将其BIM构件文件的名称和对应的MD5编码输出至第一构件的文本文件或数据库中,以作为一个记录集合,从而实现成功写入。
在本实施例中,在上述中,对于MD5编码和名称均未能与数字设计资源库中的第二构件匹配的第一构件,对第一构件进行审查和修改,而审查通过的第一构件则可以作为创建的BIM构件,并入库到数字设计资源库中。而对于未审查通过的第一构件,则可以使用BIM构件修改模块进一步修改,修改后再重新执行审查。
在对第一构件进行审查时,可以利用BIM构件验证模块辅助审查,可以基于数字设计资源建设标准,完 成命名标准审查、几何形体标准审查、几何参数标准审查、非几何参数标准审查、管理信息标准审查。其中,命名标准审查可按照如图11中所示的BIM构件命名标准执行审查。几何形体标准要求构件的几何形体真实性。几何参数标准要求能够对几何形体进行参数化驱动。非几何参数标准要求能够满足设计表达与多专业协同需求。管理信息标准要求能够满足数字设计资源管理相关要求。
以上为采用BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式,由上可知,在数字设计资源库应用方法中,还可以采用基于犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式进行BIM构件创建。
请参阅图12,在本实施例中,一种可能的实现方式下,可以通过以下方式基于犀牛构件转换以进行BIM构件创建:
S118,将包括犀牛构件的构件文件转换为具有中间格式的中间文件。
S119,基于Dynamo解析中间文件,生成BIM构件文件,BIM构件文件中包括与构件文件中的犀牛构件对应的BIM构件。
本实施例中,请结合参阅图13,Rhino犀牛构件的构件文件的文件格式为.3dm格式,而中间文件的文件格式为.ply格式,进一步地,采用Dynamo解析ply格式文件,以生成仅具备几何形体的BIM构件。
在此基础上,还可使用BIM构件修改模块对仅具备几何形体的BIM构件进行修改,随后创建好BIM构件后进入审核流程,完成命名标准审查、几何形体标准审查、几何参数标准审查、非几何参数标准审查、管理信息标准审查等。在几何参数标准审查时,可使用BIM构件验证模块辅助审查。对审查通过的BIM构件直接完成入库,对审查未通过BIM构件则可使用BIM构件修改模块进一步修改,修改后继续审查。
本实施例中,首先打开rhino,实现3dm格式转为ply格式,然后在BIM软件Revit的dynamo中实现ply格式转换为rfa格式。
本实施例中,在一种可能的实现方式中,可以通过以下方式实现将包括犀牛构件的构件文件转换为具有中间格式的中间文件:
根据获取的保存包括犀牛构件的构件文件的文件夹路径,获取所有的构件文件,并保存到文件列表中;通过选择命令从文件列表中抓取构件文件中的犀牛构件,并将犀牛构件的格式转换为中间格式,并将转换后得到的构件存放至获得的用于存放中间文件的文件夹路径。
本实施例中,将3dm文件转为rfa文件,需要借助一种中间格式。Revit直接解析3dm文件很困难,需要引入一种中间格式,该格式要求足够通用,可用于各种模型,并且可读性强,便于解析文件,而ply文件格式很好地满足这两点要求。
ply格式是计算机图像学中一个常用的格式,典型的ply对象定义是顶点的(x,y,z)三元组列表和由顶点列表中的索引描述的面列表。顶点和面外加一些附带的属性(法线,颜色等)便可以充分地描述一个模型的三维形状,因此ply文件可适用于各种各样形状的三维模型,在模型中保持通用。同时ply文件的可读性强,文件格式有两种版本,一种是ASCII,另一种是二进制。两种格式都可以通过文档的方式阅读,前三个数字分别为一个点的X、Y、Z值,后三个数字表示这个点的RGB值。使用一组点的索引表示一个面,如图14所示。
文档中由六个数字组成的一行表示一个点,如图15所示。第一个数字表示组成面的顶点个数,后面的数字表示面上顶点的索引。复杂的模型都是由许多的点和面组成,其坐标和顶点可以简单地提取到,因此ply文件可读性强。
图16中示意性示出,将3dm格式文件转换为ply格式文件的算法的实现代码。基于此,设计师仅需输入保存3dm文件的路径,保存ply文件的路径,程序就会依据算法,加载模型,转换模型格式。例如,在importedObjs=import_3dm(".\\3dm_path","3dm")处输入保存3dm文件的路径,在export_ply(importedObjs,".\\ply_save","ply")处输入想要存放格式转换完成的ply文件路径,点击运行,程序就会自动进行批量将3DM格式文件转换为ply格式文件。
得到ply格式文件后,就可以通过ply中间格式,将3dm文件转换为rfa格式文件(BIM构件文件),文件转换是通过Revit内置的dynamo予以实现。在一种可能的实现方式中,可以通过以下方式基于Dynamo解析中间文件生成BIM构件文件:
基于Dynamo中的代码块在获取所有中间文件后,记录各中间文件中构件的点和面;遍历中间文件中的面,将所有面进行合并得到一个几何形体,将几何形体保存到几何形体列表中;创建一空白的BIM构件样板文件,基于保存几何形体的几何形体列表及BIM构件样板文件生成BIM构件文件。
本实施例中,获取中间文件的代码块中,首先调用系统的Directory Path代码块,获取存放ply文件的文件夹路径,接着传入到自定义代码块中,输入和输出都不变,传入系统的Directory From Path代码块中,从路径获取目录,然后将结果放入到FileSystem.GetDirectoryContents。获取目录下所有的ply文件夹路径,以一个三层字典的样式输出,最后将三层字典变为一层。点击浏览,打开一个系统文件夹窗口,便可通过点击获取到所有需要转换的ply文件。获取到ply文件后,需要进行解析,用于在Revit中生成模型。
Dynamo中解析中间文件的代码块中,Dynamo系统的ImportInstance.ByGeometry代码块用于查看模型的生成结果。在解析文件的代码块的实现算法代码如图17中所示。
在执行文件解析后,需进行BIM构件的创建,本实施例中,创建BIM构件的代码块中,创建BIM构件的代码块传入一个空白的BIM构件样板文件,BIM构件的类型、名称,前一个代码块生成的结果存放在列表中,就可以通过familyInstance.ByGeometry生成BIM构件。
在此基础上,进行BIM构件文件的保存,在保存BIM构件文件时,需要输入创建BIM构件中的BIM构件列表,保存路径和BIM构件的保存名字。保存BIM构件首先获取当前的Revit文件,在Revit文件中获取到刚刚创建的BIM构件,然后将BIM构件保存到输入的路径。最终就可以获得由3dm格式转换到ply格式,再转换为rfa格式的文件。
在上述设计基础上,在实施时,设计人员仅需在3dm格式转ply格式过程中输入加载3dm格式文件路径,保存ply格式文件路径,在ply文件转rfa过程中,仅仅需要点击加载ply文件的路径,保存rfa文件的路径,保存rfa的文件名字,即可实现犀牛构件转换为BIM构件。
以上介绍了本实施例中BIM构件的创建方式,在实施时,可以采用上述任意一种或者多种创建方式进行BIM构件的创建。
在上述基础上,对于创建的BIM构件或者是数字设计资源库中原有的BIM构件,存在需要进行参数添加的构件。为满足企业需求,在进行BIM构件参数添加的时候,工作人员需要依次打开单个构件进行操作。而数字设计资源库中往往存放大量的BIM构件,通过上述方式添加参数效率低下,如果能够一次性获取到多个BIM构件文件,对多个BIM构件文件进行批量操作,那么可以显著提升工作人员BIM构件参数操作的效率。
基于此,本实施例中,提出一种可以批量进行参数添加的实现方式,请参阅图18,本实施例中在对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加时,可以通过以下方式实现:
S121,获取包括需添加参数的BIM构件的批量的BIM构件文件。
S122,获取批量的用于参数添加的参数,并存入参数列表中。
S123,将获取的所有参数批量添加至所有的BIM构件文件中。
需要说明的是,上述步骤S121和步骤S122的执行顺序并不作限定。
本实施例中,实现上述功能可以通过BIM软件中开发的插件实现,插件的前端界面可如图19中所示,该界面由两个部分组成,包括族文件加载和参数设置。需要说明的是,本申请中的提到的族可以理解为BIM构件,族为BIM构件的下位概念。
为实现批量获取BIM构件文件的功能,首先需要添加BIM构件文件,本实施例中,可以通过以下方式实现:
1)调用C#的OpenFileDialog类,实例化此类可以实现点击按钮弹出一个文件对话框。具体的类实例化中,给OpenFileDialog类设置属性,其中关键的包括:设置Multiselect属性为true,以实现多选文件功能、设置Filter属性为"BIM构件文件(*.rfa)|*.rfa",以实现选择的文件必须为BIM构件文件。
2)设置一个列表,列表名可以为files,存储步骤1)中获取到的BIM构件文件路径。
3)调用C#的DataGridViewTextBoxCell类,实例化此类可以在插件界面查看步骤1)中通过OpenFileDialog类获取到的BIM构件文件。具体的类实例化中,首先将BIM构件文件名赋值到DataGridViewTextBoxCell的Value属性,将文件所在的文件夹字符串同样赋值到DataGridViewTextBoxCell的Value属性。然后通过以下函数在界面展示BIM构件文件名和BIM构件文件名所在的文件夹名:
DataGridViewTextBoxCell.Cells.Add();
通过以上三个步骤,可以点击插件界面上的“选择文件”按钮,以打开一个BIM构件文件选择的文件夹,选择多个BIM构件文件后,BIM构件文件信息保存在后端得到files列表中,且可以在插件界面看到所选择到的BIM构件文件。
在上述获取到批量的BIM构件文件的情况下,由于企业需要操作参数的BIM构件文件往往有很多个,为避免在批量选择BIM构件文件中存在少数不需要修改的BIM构件文件而导致工作人员重新批量选择,需要在批量获取BIM构件文件模块中添加移除BIM构件文件功能。
在进行批量地选择BIM构件文件时,由于BIM构件文件的数量很多,往往需要分几个批次获取到所有需要修改的BIM构件文件。在几个批次的选择中,工作人员很容易选到重复的BIM构件文件。为避免重复给相同的BIM构件文件添加参数,需要进行进一步判断。
并且,在当前电子设备中给BIM软件,如RevitBIM构件文件添加参数的前提是需要BIM构件文件在Revit中能够打开,当BIM构件文件的版本高于Revit时,工作人员就不能打开BIM构件文件,也就不能进行参数添加。因此在批量获取BIM构件文件时,本实施例中,还需要保障BIM构件文件能够在Revit中打开。
基于此,本实施例中,在对BIM构件执行参数的批量添加的步骤中,还可包括以下步骤:
剔除获取的所有BIM构件文件中重复的BIM构件文件;剔除版本信息高于BIM软件的当前版本信息的BIM构件文件。
本实施例中,在判断所有BIM构件文件中是否存在重复的BIM构件文件时,可以通过以下方式实现:
本实施例中,在上述通过OpenFileDialog类获取到多个BIM构件文件后,提取出BIM构件文件名和BIM 构件文件所在的文件夹路径,然后与DataGridViewTextBoxCell中已存储的BIM构件文件名和BIM构件文件所在的路径进行判断。具体的判断规则:判断出获取到的BIM构件文件名和BIM构件文件所在的文件夹路径是否与DataGridViewTextBoxCell中存储的完全相同,如果是,则表示当前的BIM构件文件重复,否则表示不重复,添加到flies列表中,并且在插件界面中展示。
为实现移除BIM构件文件功能,可以在WinForm中给BIM构件文件展示行符上双击事件,当工作人员在界面上双击需要移除的BIM构件文件,就可以在界面中移除掉相应的BIM构件文件。同时在添加BIM构件文件中的存储列表files找到双击的BIM构件文件名,进行移除。
而在剔除版本信息高于BIM软件的当前版本信息的BIM构件文件的步骤,可以通过以下方式实现:
获取每一个待添加的BIM构件文件的版本信息和BIM软件的当前版本信息;确定待添加的BIM构件文件的版本信息是否高于BIM软件的当前版本信息;若是,则剔除版本信息高于BIM软件的当前版本信息的BIM构件文件;若否,则保留。
本实施例中,以文件流FileStream的方式打开BIM构件文件,获取到BIM构件文件字节数组,然后通过Unicode编码的方式将其转换为String。对于2018版本的BIM构件文件,在转换结果中会存在2018的字符串,对于2019版本的BIM构件文件,在转换结果中存在2019的字符串,在相应版本Revit版本的BIM构件文件,其转换结果中也会存在相应版本对应的字符串。因此可以通过正则匹配的方式查看是否有相应的字符串,从而获取到BIM构件文件的版本。
在获取到当前Revit的版本信息时,可以在Revit包中调用以下函数获取到当前Revit程序的版本信息:
Document.Application.VersionNumber;
在判断BIM构件文件的版本信息是否高于当前Revit的版本信息时,通过第一步中获取到的BIM构件文件版本信息依次与第二步中获取到的Revit版本信息进行比较,如果BIM构件文件版本高于Revit版本,那么不将其加入到files列表中存储,并且不在插件界面中展示。
此外,在获取到需要批量添加参数的BIM构件文件后,工作人员可以设置多个参数,将多个参数批量添加至多个BIM构件文件。
首先对本实施例中涉及到的参数的参数类型进行说明。参数可以划分为族参数和共享参数。其中,族参数:族参数控制族的变量值,例如尺寸或材料。族参数是特定于当前族的。共享参数:共享参数是可以在多个BIM构件和项目中使用的参数,将共享参数定义添加到BIM构件或项目后,可以将其用作BIM构件或项目参数。共享参数被定义在Revit之外的一个共享参数文件(.txt)中,所以可以防止更改。
此外,参数还可以划分为类型参数和实例参数,其中,类型参数:类型参数是对BIM构件类型定义参数。类型参数的值一旦被修改,所有的类型个体也就是BIM构件实例的参数值都会发生相应的改变。当相同BIM构件类型的其中一个BIM构件实例的参数值被改变,其它的BIM构件实例的参数值也会发生相应的改变。实例参数:实例参数是对BIM构件实例定义参数。当BIM构件实例的参数值发生改变,相同BIM构件类型的其他BIM构件实例的值不会发生改变。
实施时,需要给BIM构件进行参数的添加,所需要利用到的信息包括:专业、参数名、参数类型、参数值、分组方式。其中,专业:专业包括建筑专业、结构专业、给排水专业、暖通专业、电气专业。参数名:参数名是一串字符串。参数类型:参数类型需要考虑参数对应的专业。分组方式:分组方式包括限制条件、文字、尺寸标准、标识数据和其他。
本实施例中,考虑企业经常处理到的参数类型与相应的专业,整理得到如表2中所示的专业及对应的参数类型。
表2专业及对应参数类型

本实施例中,在插件获取参数信息时,需设置参数获取界面。由于给一个BIM构件添加一个参数,需要的信息包括如专业、参数名、参数类型、参数值、分组方式。因此需要给每一个信息设置一个获取界面,具体地设置方式如下:
专业:实例化C#的ComboBox类,设置一个下拉列表控件,下拉的选项包括:建筑、结构、给排水、暖通和电气。
参数名:实例化C#的TextBox类,设置一个文本编辑框。
参数类型:设置参数类型的界面样式,首先需要判断当前的专业,然后调用C#的ComboBox类进行实例化,设置的下拉选项如表。
参数值:实例化C#的TextBox类,设置一个文本编辑框。
分组方式:实例化C#的ComboBox类类,设置一个下拉列表控件,控件的选项包括:限制条件、文字、尺寸标准、标识数据和其他。
在此基础上,需要确定参数为类型参数还是实例参数。
对于同样的参数信息,将参数设置为类型参数会对相同类型的所有BIM构件实例都产生影响,将参数设置为实例参数只会对当前BIM构件实例产生影响,在给BIM构件添加参数的时候需要确定参数的类别。
在插件界面设置按钮进行选择,通过实例化RadioButton实现,就可以使工作人员确定当前这个参数为类型参数还是实例参数。
此外,需要确定参数为族参数还是共享参数。在插件界面设置按钮进行选择参数的类别:共享参数还是族参数。通过实例化RadioButton实现。插件的参数信息界面如图20中所示。
此外,需要设置参数储存的方式。由于每个参数都具有信息,包括:族参数/共享参数、类型参数/实例参数、专业、参数名称、参数类型、参数值、分组方式,因此单个参数可以使用类进行存储。
本实施例中,在C#中声明一个FamilyParamInfo类,在这个类中添加以下属性:string类型的ParamName,表示参数的名字;bool类型的IsShareParam,表示当前的参数为族参数还是共享参数;bool类型的IsInstance,表示当前参数为类型参数还是实例参数;string类型的ParamType,表示参数类型,string类型的ParamValue,表示参数值;string类型的GroupType,表示分组方式。多个参数通过一个列表存储。
在上述基础上,本实施例中,可以通过以下方式实现将批量的参数添加至批量的BIM构件文件:
从所有的待添加的BIM构件文件中确定一个目标BIM构件文件,其中,目标BIM构件文件包括至少一个BIM构件;在参数列表中还包括任意一个待添加状态的参数的情况下,选择一个待添加状态的参数作为目标参数;在目标BIM构件文件中不存在目标参数的情况下,将目标参数添加至目标BIM构件文件,并将目标参数修改为已添加状态;确定参数列表中是否还包括待添加状态的参数;若还包括待添加状态的参数,则重复选择一个待添加状态的参数作为目标参数,直至参数列表中的所有参数均为已添加状态;若参数列表中的所有参数均为已添加状态,将所述目标BIM构件文件修改为已添加状态;确定是否还存在待添加的BIM构件文件;若是,则将参数列表中的所有参数修改为待添加状态,重复从待添加的BIM构件文件中确定一个目标BIM构件文件,直至所有的BIM构件文件均完成参数添加。
本实施例中,在获取到所有的BIM构件文件和所有的参数后,BIM构件文件和参数都通过列表的方式存储。本实施例使用循环遍历每一个BIM构件文件,然后对于每一个BIM构件文件通过For循环依次添加参数。
由于族参数和共享参数不仅在使用效果上有很大差异,在程序中实现自动给构件添加参数时,两者也存在很大的差异。因此需要分别实现族参数添加和共享参数添加。基于此,本实施例中,在将目标参数添加至目标BIM构件文件时,可以通过以下方式实现:
基于预设的映射函数对目标参数进行映射,以得到映射值;确定目标参数为共享参数或族参数;当目标参数为共享参数时,基于共享参数函数将映射值添加至目标BIM构件文件;当目标参数为族参数时,基于族参数函数将映射值添加至目标BIM构件文件。
由于获取到的参数信息都是以文字表示的字符串,在Reivt二次开发中需要使用不同的Int类型整数替代,所以需要建立映射函数。
本实施例中,在前端获取到的参数类型都是用“文字”、“整数”、“角度”、“长度”等中文字符串表示,在Revit二次开发中需要将所有的参数类型转换为Int类型整数。例:输入的参数类型为整数时,映射函数输出整数2;输入的参数类型为角度时,映射函数输出整数7。具体的映射规则可查看Revit API。
在前端获取的成组类型都是用“限制条件”、“文字”、“尺寸标注”、“标识数据”等中文字符标识,在Revit二次开发中需要将所有的成组类型转换为Int类型的数值。例:成组类型为限制条件时,映射函数输出整数-5000119;成组类型为文字时,映射函数输出整数-5000123。
本实施例中,可以通过以下方式建立添加族参数的函数:
1)使用Document.Application.OpenDocumentFile()函数打开BIM构件文件;
2)获取到BIM构件文件的FamilyManager类;
3)通过映射函数获取到参数的参数类型映射和成组类型映射;
4)调用FamilyManager.AddParameter()函数,输入参数名,成组方式映射,参数类型,实例参数还是共享参数的bool值,实现将参数添加到BIM构件文件中。
本实施例中,还可以通过以下方式建立添加共享参数的函数:
1)使用Document.Application.OpenDocumentFile()函数打开BIM构件文件;
2)获取到BIM构件文件的FamilyManager类;
3)新建一个共享参数的文件,并通过调用以下属性,将新的共享参数文件赋给BIM构件文件:
Document.Application.SharedParametersFilename属性;
4)调用Document.Application.OpenSharedParameterFile()函数,打开共享参数文件;
5)给这个共享参数文件新建一个共享参数组:调用DefinitionFile.Groups.Create()函数实现;
6)实例化ExternalDefinitionCreationOptions类,将参数名,参数类型放入类中,并转换为ExternalDefinition;
7)调用FamilyManager.AddParameter()函数,将步骤6)的结果,参数成组方式,是否为实例参数传到函数中,实现将共享参数添加到BIM构件文件中。
本实施例中,可以通过以下方式建立参数赋值的函数:
1)判断参数值是否为尺寸,若为尺寸,则将其转换为英尺;
2)调用FamilyManager.Set()函数,给参数赋值。
此外,在实施过程中,给BIM构件文件添加参数之前还需要判断参数是否已经在BIM构件文件中存在。本实施例中,在将所有参数批量添加至所有BIM构件文件的步骤中,还可通过以下方式进行是否是重复参数的判断:
获取目标BIM构件文件中所有已有参数的参数名称;确定目标参数的参数名称是否与目标BIM构件文件中任意一个已有参数的参数名称相同;若是,则确定目标BIM构件文件中存在目标参数;在目标族BIM构件文件中存在目标参数的情况下,将目标参数修改为已添加状态;若否,则确定目标BIM构件文件中不存在目标参数。
本实施例中,具体实施时,可以建立相关的判断参数是否存在的函数来执行判断流程,具体地,实现形式如下:
1)使用Document.Application.OpenDocumentFile()函数打开BIM构件文件;
2)获取到BIM构件文件的FamilyManager类;
3)从BIM构件的FamilyManager类中获取到BIM构件已有的所有参数FamilyParameterSet;
4)遍历FamilyParameterSet,检查每一个已有参数是否在需要添加的参数列表中出现,如果出现则表示新添加参数已存在于BIM构件文件中,如果没有出现则表示新添加参数没有存在于BIM构件文件中。
以上介绍了在基于多种创建方式创建得到BIM构件,并且,实现批量BIM构件的参数的批量添加的过程。此外,请再次参阅图2,在进行BIM构件的参数修改时,除了基于BIM构件参数修改模块采用上述方式进行BIM构件的参数设置外,还可以基于人工方式进行新增/删除BIM构件参数。
在现有技术中,对于已创建好的BIM构件缺乏有效的验证方法,特别是在BIM构件的参数化能力验证方面,存在低效率的问题。
基于此,本实施例中,在上述基础上,在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,可对BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,以针对性解决上述问题。
请参阅图21,本实施例中,可以通过以下方式进行BIM构件的几何参数可视化验证:
S131,获取待验证的BIM构件的BIM构件参数,并在BIM构件参数内获取与每个预设的目标参数类型对应的目标参数。
S132,利用驱动验证软件创建包括目标参数类型和与每个目标参数类型对应的目标参数的目标可视化界面。
其中,目标可视化界面位于BIM构件参数对应的待验证的BIM构件的上方,且待验证的BIM构件的几何形体能够随着目标参数的调节进行同步调节。
S133,通过调节目标可视化界面中的目标参数,实现待验证的BIM构件几何形体的同步调节,以完成对待验证的BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证。
本实施例中,BIM构件的几何参数可视化验证可由BIM构件验证模块予以实现,请结合参阅图22,BIM构件验证模块的实现主要可包括BIM构件参数获取、BIM构件参数可视化界面、BIM构件参数化能力可视化数据驱动验证三个部分。
本实施例中,首先通过以下方式获取待验证的BIM构件的BIM构件参数:
在BIM软件内安装并打开开发完成的驱动验证软件;打开待验证的BIM构件,并利用驱动验证软件获取待验证BIM构件的BIM构件参数。
本实施例中,在BIM软件基于驱动验证软件打开BIM构件文件后,使用BIM软件相关API接口,获取所有BIM构件参数,形成JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)格式参数集,并从参数集中过滤筛选出尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数3类参数,包含参数名、参数值、同类参数个数,并以JSON数据格式进行传递和使用,最后实现BIM构件参数以规范化的格式进行传递。
其中,尺寸参数是指,与BIM构件几何形体发生绑定关系的尺寸注释,并绑定参数标签,能够通过修改尺寸注释或参数标签驱动BIM构件几何形体动态发生变化,包括公制单位和英制单位;角度参数是指,与BIM构件几何形体发生关系的角度注释,并绑定参数标签,能够通过修改角度注释或参数标签驱动BIM构件几何形体动态发生变化,常用单位为度;数量参数是指,与BIM构件几何形体发生绑定关系的数量注释,并绑定参数标签,能够通过修改数量注释或参数标签驱动BIM构件几何形体动态发生变化。
BIM软件不是指向于特定软件,能够满足BIM概念的相关BIM建模软件均可适用,尽管不同BIM软件API接口使用方法不同,但是均可通过获取BIM构件内所有参数形成参数集,并从参数集中筛选尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数3类参数,包含参数名、参数值、同类参数个数。筛选方式根据不同BIM软件API不同,最后将以JSON数据集的形式在程序中传递。
例如,获取BIM构件尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数3类参数,包含参数名、参数值、同类参数个数,参数集如图23所示,其中“实际跨度”、“标志跨度”两个参数是由其它参数计算定义,无需取出。
从参数集中过滤筛选尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数3类参数,包含参数名、参数值、同类参数个数,并形成JSON格式数据集,该步骤用于动态生成变量,如图24所示。
根据上述结果形成储存数据集,参考各类参数的“count”值动态生成参数类型及其个数,并将构件参数名和参数值动态赋予到变量进行储存,如图25所示。
本实施例中,以下首先介绍开发驱动验证软件的实现方式:
获取BIM构件的所有BIM构件参数,并将BIM构件参数按预设格式构成参数集;筛选出参数集内与设定的参数类型对应的目标参数,并将参数类型对应的目标参数构成目标参数集;创建包括参数类型和所述目标参数集的可视化界面;通过调节可视化界面中的目标参数实现的BIM构件几何形体的同步调节,进行BIM构件的参数化能力的驱动验证,进而完成对所述驱动验证软件的开发。
本实施例中,在创建包括参数类型和目标参数集的可视化界面的步骤中,可以通过以下方式实现:
根据参数类型,对应创建可视化界面的BIM构件参数分组,其中,BIM构件参数分组中包括与其对应的参数类型的至少一个目标参数;在可视化界面的BIM构件参数分组中创建与目标参数对应的目标参数调整滑块;将目标参数与对应的目标参数调整滑块进行绑定,得到包括BIM构件参数分组和目标参数集的可视化界面,其中,BIM构件参数分组携带有参数类型的信息。
在BIM构件参数可视化界面设计中,常用的BIM设计软件均是以客户端形式存在,使用WPF(Windows Presentation Foundation,基于Windows的用户界面框架)工具可以有效的进行可视化界面开发。通过在可视化界面上创建可视化的参数调整滑块。由于不同构件尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数个数是不确定的,可根据上述步骤中获得的最终变量,动态的创建不同BIM构件参数分组,并在分组下动态创建参数调整滑块,使得BIM构件参数化能力可视化数据驱动验证软件具备自适应功能。
本实施例中,驱动验证软件中,可视化界面可如图26中所示。
结合参阅图27,该可视化界面包括软件名称、构件名称、参数组、滑块起始值和终止值、滑块拖动条、调增调减按钮、参数刷新按钮、参数删除按钮、参数隐藏按钮。具体地:
软件名称:使用WPF文本类标签直接创建;
构件名称:使用BIM软件API读取当前打开BIM构件文件名称;
参数组:包含尺寸参数、角度参数、数量参数三个类型的参数组,由文本类标签直接创建;
滑块起始值和终止值:默认起始值为0,终止值为基于上述步骤中读取到的参数值;
滑块拖动条:数值变化区间由滑块起始值和终止值决定,可实时显示当前数值;
调增调减按钮:与当前滑块拖动条进行数值绑定,可实现参数值的微调;
参数刷新按钮:可刷新当前BIM构件的参数情况;
参数删除按钮:在软件界面动态删除不需要调整的参数,并不从BIM构件中删除该参数;
参数隐藏按钮:在软件界面动态隐藏不需要调整的参数,双次点击后可显示隐藏的参数。
在将可视化界面中参数调整滑块与BIM构件参数进行绑定时,将可视化界面中所需BIM构件参数在后台进行绑定。当在可视化界面中进行操作时,直接读取所需不变的数据,包括如BIM构件名称,后台程序继承INotifyPropertyChanged接口,实现WPF可视化界面面板数据与后台数据的绑定。可视化界面数据发生改变时,通过set方法将数据传递给后台,在set方法里加上将数据传递回BIM构件的方法/函数,即可实现可视化界面数据向BIM构件实时传递。
在上述开发完成并将开发完成的驱动验证软件安装于BIM软件后,打开该驱动验证软件,可于可视化界面打开BIM构件文件。请结合参阅图28,可视化界面能够自动读当前取BIM构件中尺寸参数、角度参数、 数量参数,包括参数名、参数值、同类参数个数,根据读取到参数的个数自适应创建多个参数分组,并在分组下根据参数个数自适应创建多个参数调整滑块。
在此基础上,在上述通过调节目标可视化界面中的目标参数,以完成BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证中,可以通过以下方式实现:
调节目标可视化界面中的目标参数的目标参数调整滑块,并获得每次调节后待验证的BIM构件几何形体变化情况;判断变化情况是否满足预期结果,若不满足预期结果,则修改待验证的BIM构件,若满足预期结果,则结束验证流程,以完成对待验证的BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证。
在现有技术中,在BIM构件使用方面,一般是依赖设计人员自主搜索查询,缺乏有效的BIM构件推荐使用方法。
基于此,本实施例提供的创建方法及应用中,针对上述问题提供一种基于余弦相似度的BIM构件的推荐方式,请参阅图29,该推荐方式可以通过以下方式实现:
S141,获取预设BIM模型,并基于预设BIM模型中的第一BIM构件创建第一数据断面;
S142,基于第一数据断面获取第一BIM构件数据集,并对第一BIM构件数据集进行入库存储;
S143,响应于针对目标插入点的选择操作,以目标插入点为中心创建第二数据断面;
S144,获取第二数据断面内的第二BIM构件,并基于第二BIM构件获取第二BIM构件数据集;
S145,对第二BIM构件数据集以及第一BIM构件数据集进行余弦相似度计算,得到计算结果;
S146,基于计算结果,从第一BIM构件数据集中确定与第二BIM构件数据集余弦相似度最高的第三BIM构件,进行该第三BIM构件的推荐。
本实施例中,当用户打开一个预设的已搭建好或是正在搭建的BIM模型后,系统可以对其进行获取并检测。每个预设的BIM模型由若干个BIM构件组成,其中,预设的BIM模型中的BIM构件为数字设计资源库中的BIM构件。系统可以将预设BIM模型中的每一个BIM构件作为第一BIM构件,并创建第一数据断面。
示例性的,系统可以基于第一数据断面获取第一BIM构件数据集。例如,一个立柱构件(第一BIM构件)的第一数据断面中包含立柱、与立柱连接的外墙、与立柱连接的内墙以及位于墙上的门。则系统可以构建一个包括上述所有构件的第一BIM构件数据集,并对第一BIM构件数据集进行入库存储。系统还可以在数据集中将其中的BIM构件相互关联,例如与立柱相关联的为内墙和外墙等。
在实际应用中,系统还可以在第一BIM构件数据集中根据专业对第一BIM构件进一步进行分类,例如根据参与专业建筑、结构、给排水、暖通、电气等五个专业进一步分类,从而使后期推荐的更加精准。
当用户想在BIM模型中插入一个新的BIM构件时,例如想在墙上再插入一扇门,则用户可以点击想要插入的具体位置,使系统确定插入点,并以目标插入点为中心生成第二数据断面。
如果第二数据断面内只包括一个BIM构件,即内墙构件,则系统可以将内墙确定为第二BIM构件。系统可以基于第二BIM构件构建第二BIM构件数据集,即基于内墙构件构建第二BIM构件数据集。
示例性的,系统对第二BIM构件数据集以及第一BIM构件数据集进行余弦相似度计算,将第二BIM构件数据集中的内墙构件与第一BIM构件数据集中的立柱、与立柱连接的外墙、与立柱连接的内墙以及位于墙上的门等中的每一个分别进行余弦相似度计算,从而得到一个计算结果。
示例性的,根据先前的第一BIM构件数据集可知,计算结果中与内墙余弦相似度最高的应为门,则系统可以将门确定为第三BIM构件。在实际应用中,系统可以将相似度最高的多个构件均确定为第三BIM构件,例如余弦相似度排名前20的构件。
系统在确定第三BIM构件后,即可以将第三BIM构件的推荐信息发送给用户,例如以弹窗的形式显示给用户,以供用户直接选取插入,无需用户去点击查找。
本申请实施例中,在用户打开一个BIM模型后,系统可以对该BIM模型进行扫描,获得组成该BIM模型的各个BIM构件,之后基于每个BIM构件确定与其相关联的相关BIM构件,进而形成第一BIM构件数据集。也即,本实施例中,基于第一数据断面获取第一BIM构件数据集的方式如下:
基于第一工作视图和第一数据断面,确定与第一BIM构件对应的相关BIM构件;基于第一BIM构件以及相关BIM构件,形成第一BIM构件数据集。
当用户选择一个插入点想在该位置插入一个BIM构件时,系统可以对该插入点附近内所包含的其它构件进行检测,生成第二BIM构件数据集。
本实施例中,可以通过以下方式创建第二数据断面:
响应于针对目标插入点的选择操作,获取目标插入点附近的当前操作视图;基于当前操作视图形成第二工作视图;基于第二工作视图创建第二数据断面。
在此基础上,本实施例中,第二BIM构件数据集通过以下方式获取:
基于第二数据断面,确定与述第二工作视图对应的第二BIM构件;基于第二BIM构件,获取第二BIM构件数据集。
从而通过余弦相似度算法从第一BIM构件数据集中筛选出与第二BIM构件数据集最相关的BIM构件, 进而将其推荐给用户。具体地,对第二BIM构件数据集中的工作视图以及第一BIM构件数据集中的工作视图进行余弦相似度计算,得到计算结果。
用户可以直接点击选取使用,而无需从海量的BIM构件库中一个个去寻找,减少了用户的操作步骤,提高了用户的操作效率。而且在BIM模型搭建选用BIM构件文件过程中,相对于现有工作模式下对本地文件进行查找的方式,通过构件推荐的方法,能够较大程度的提升BIM构件选用效率,结合具体的应用场景和余弦相似度计算方法,实现了BIM构件数据的进一步利用,缓解了对于BIM构件的使用效率较低的技术问题。
示例性的,如图30所示,首先进行已有BIM构件(第一BIM构件)数据集的建立。首先用户打开预设BIM模型,系统遍历预设BIM模型后获取预设BIM模型中所有已有BIM构件的ID,例如立柱、外墙、内墙以及门等都有自己对应的编号ID。再在各个工作视图(平面、立面、剖面)中根据已有BIM构件ID查询BIM构件对应的各个工作视图(例如根据立柱的ID查询对应的平面工作视图、立面工作视图以及剖面工作视图),构建以BIM构件工作视图为中心的数据断面,随后获取数据断面内的其它BIM构件的工作视图面积数据,至此完成已有BIM构件应用场景数据集(第一BIM构件数据集),并将数据集按专业储存在数据库中以准备下一步使用。
建筑工程BIM构件工作中的应用场景,可以按参与专业和工作视图维度进行应用场景分类。其中,参与专业可以分为建筑、结构、给排水、暖通、电气五个专业,工作视图可以为平面视图、立面视图、剖面视图三类视图,对于具体的应用场景应按组合方式进行计算,总计可以有15个BIM构件应用场景及视图分类。
在上述15个BIM构件应用场景及视图分类的基础上,以BIM构件为中心创建数据断面。系统首先在视图遍历BIM构件,在各个专业各个视图中遍历存在的BIM构件,在当前视图中,以单个BIM构件为中心进行数据提取。其中BIM构件仅指可以以文件形式进行传递的标准化BIM构件。在各个专业各个视图中遍历存在的BIM构件的方法,可以使用BIM软件API接口获得。
当视图为平面、立面、剖面视图时,获取当前视图中所有BIM构件工作视图及其相关数据,形成BIM构件集,包括BIM构件实例ID、BIM构件名称、重心位置G(x,y),BIM构件平面投影几何轮廓横纵坐标值(x1,y1)、(x2,y2)、(x3,y3)、(x4,y4)...(xn,yn),其中n为BIM构件在平面、立面、剖面投影边长数,投影二维图形为不规则多边形X。
其中,不规则多边形X重心位置坐标G(x,y)求解公式如公式1、公式2所示。

其中,不规则多边形X可以被剖分为m个有限的简单图形X1,X2,X3,...,Xn,...,Xm,n表示第n个简单图形,这些简单图形的重心点为Gn,面积为Sn
以BIM构件实例ID数据为查询依据,在当前视图中遍历BIM构件集中的所有构件实例,以单个实例构件重心位置G(x,y)为中心,形成以l为边长的数据矩阵断面,其中l取值为max(5000mm,2max(|yk+1-yk|,|xk+1-xk|)mm),其中k为某个BIM构件平面投影的第k个顶点,取值范围为1≤k≤n-1。
以投影为4边形BIM构件为例,数据断面的构建流程如图31中所示。
在数据断面基础上,获取数据断面内的相关其它构件数据。其中,其它构件可以根据专业进行区分,如表3所示。
表3专业及对应构件


再按专业BIM构件进行编号,该编号与上述表格中其它BIM构件顺序对应,各专业BIM构件表达方式如下:
建筑专业:{A1,A2,...,Aj,...,Aa},其中A表示建筑专业,a表示建筑专业所有BIM构件数量,j表示第j个建筑专业构件。
结构专业:{T1,T2,...,Tj,...,Tt},其中T表示结构专业,t表示结构专业所有BIM构件数量,j表示第j个结构专业构件。
给排水专业:{P1,P2,...,Pj,...,Pp},其中P表示给排水专业,p表示给排水专业所有BIM构件数量,j表示第j个给排水专业构件。
暖通专业:{M1,M2,...,Mj,...,Mm},其中M表示暖通专业,m表示暖通专业所有BIM构件数量,j表示第j个暖通专业构件。
电气专业:{E1,E2,...,Ej,...,Ee},其中E表示电气专业,e表示电气专业所有BIM构件数量,j表示第j个电气专业构件。
其中,获取数据断面内的相关其它BIM构件数据,是BIM构件应用场景及视图为对象,获取数据断面内的其它BIM构件类型,以及其它BIM构件在该投影面上的投影面积Sij,i表示第i个专业,取值范围为{A,T,P,M,E},j表示某个专业第j个构件。
如图32所示,其中表示某个专业内5个其它BIM构件的面积,其余不在数据断面内的BIM构件面积则为0,其中Sij表示第i个专业的第j个BIM构件水平投影面积,阿拉伯数字1~5仅代表此BIM构件中某5个其他BIM构件。
之后用户在BIM软件中进行BIM模型设计搭建过程中,并指定当前应用场景中需布置BIM构件的插入中心,系统可以通过指定的插入中心,创建以插入中心位置坐标为中心,边长为5000mm的另一个数据断面,并获取该数据断面内BIM构件的工作视图面积数据,得到当前应用场景的数据集D1。
例如用户点击内墙,则系统以内墙点击位置为中心,建立边长为5000mm的数据断面,假设在数据断面内只有内墙的平面投影面积数据,则系统可以基于内墙的平面投影面积数据建立当前应用场景的数据集D1。需要说明的是,数据断面内可能包括多个平面投影面积数据,对应于不同的构件。之后系统可以根据内墙确定所对应的专业为建筑专业,从数据库中获取对应的专业所有BIM构件数据集Di,使用余弦相似度计算方法,对D1和Di进行余弦相似度计算,并得到计算结果矩阵。按照相似度大小进行排序,为用户进行推荐。例如,根据计算结果从BIM构件库中检索到BIM构件并按计算结果进行排序,例如得到前20个BIM构件推荐排序,并为用户进行推荐。
本申请实施例使用余弦相似度作为基于场景的BIM构件相似性推荐方法,其表达方式如下所示:
其中,a、b为两个n维向量。
其中余弦值cos(θ)越接近1,就表明a、b向量夹角越接近0度,也就是两个向量越相似,夹角等于0,即两个向量相等。
从先前的数据集的构建过程中可以得出每个专业每个BIM构件在数据断面内与其它BIM构件水平投影面积组成的数据向量均为有限维向量,各专业各BIM构件向量表达方式为:
建筑专业:其中A为建筑专业,j表示建筑专业第j个构件,a表示建筑专业所有BIM构件数量。
结构专业:其中T为建筑专业,j表示结构专业第j个构件,s表示结构专业所有BIM构件数量。
给排水专业:其中P为给排水专业,j表示给排水专业第j个构件,p表示给排水专业所有BIM构件数量。
暖通专业:其中M为暖通专业,j表示暖通专业第j个构件,m表示暖通专业所有BIM构件数量。
电气专业:其中E为电气专业,j表示电气专业第j个构件,e表示电气专业所有BIM构件数量。
需要说明的是,上述字母“j”在本申请实施例中仅作说明使用,对于不同的专业可以用不同的字母表示,在实际应用中并不构成冲突。
从当前BIM模型视图中,指定需插入BIM构件的重心位置坐标,并形成数据断面,获取数据断面内的数据向量表达方式为:
D=(S1,S2,S3,...,Sk)
其中Sk为当前BIM模型视图中数据断面内的BIM构件面积,k根据专业不同取值范围不同,建筑专业:0≤k≤a,结构专业:0≤k≤s,给排水专业:0≤k≤p,暖通专业:0≤k≤m,电气专业:0≤k≤e。
两者余弦相似度为:
其中B根据不同的BIM构件应用场景,取值集合为{Aj,Tj,Pj,Mj,Ej}任意一个。
对于各专业计算完成的余弦相似度矩阵如下:
建筑专业:cos(θ)A=[cos(θ)1,cos(θ)2,...,cos(θ)a]T
结构专业:cos(θ)T=[cos(θ)1,cos(θ)2,...,cos(θ)t]T
给排水专业:cos(θ)P=[cos(θ)1,cos(θ)2,...,cos(θ)p]T
暖通专业:cos(θ)M=[cos(θ)1,cos(θ)2,...,cos(θ)m]T
电气专业:cos(θ)E=[cos(θ)1,cos(θ)2,...,cos(θ)e]T
对于不同专业不同应用场景下的BIM构件推荐,可以按各专业计算完成的余弦相似度矩阵中值,从大到 小进行排序,最优先推荐的为余弦相似度最大值BIM构件。
在实际应用中,本方法可以以外部软件或是内部插件的方式与BIM软件相结合。例如以软件的形式在BIM软件中进行安装和使用,首先需要安装“BIM构件应用场景数据集构件收集系统”软件(运行界面如图33所示),并在多个BIM模型项目中运行,形成已有BIM构件数据集,并储存在数据库中。其次安装“基于应用场景的BIM构件推荐系统”软件(运行界面如图34所示),运行该软件后用户选取需布置BIM构件的位置,系统即可以自动给出当前应用场景BIM构件排序,用户选择合适的BIM构件使用“插入”功能载入当前BIM模型并使用,软件使用完成后关闭即可。
以上对于如何采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建、如何实现BIM构件的参数批量添加、如何执行BIM构件的参数可视化验证,以及在如何基于余弦相似度的方式进行BIM构件的推荐的流程进行介绍。
此外,由于在构建BIM模型的过程中通常是以BIM构件实例为基本单元进行模型搭建,而目前而言,在众多建筑企业的BIM构件实例应用能力发展缓慢,往往需要由设计师在搭建BIM模型时,人工在BIM构件实例资源库中不断挑选并调整BIM构件实例以组成符合模型设计意图的BIM模型。这种BIM模型搭建方案存在耗时长、人力损耗大且复用难度大的问题,无法帮助设计师快速搭建完成BIM模型。
基于上述考虑,因此,本实施例中,采用上述步骤S15中的基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建方式予以解决。具体地,请参阅图35,本实施例中,基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建方式可通过以下方式实现:
S151,获得数据占位文件,并调整数据占位文件中的数据占位符;
S152,基于数据占位文件中的数据占位符,在数字设计资源库中得到推荐BIM构件文件;
S153,基于数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件制作得到标准单元,所述标准单元为由一组相关BIM构件组合而成的BIM模型。
本实施例中,获得数据占位文件的方式可以是通过绘制数据占位图的方式得到,也可以通过加载历史数据占位文件的方式得到,两者可以择一或者是同时采用。
本实施例中,数据占位符:数据占位符为单个有限数据的数据块,每一个数据占位符存储了多个数据信息,包括:名称数据,位置数据、尺寸数据、类型数据。根据数据占位符中的数据,可以自动从BIM构件库中获取BIM构件文件并原位生成BIM构件实例。其中位置数据表示各数据占位符的布局,尺寸数据表示数据占位符代表的BIM构件实例尺寸,类型数据表示BIM构件文件类型。如图36所示,其中每一个矩形就是数据占位符的具象化表示。
数据占位图:数据占位图是由数据占位符构成的可视化界面。如图36所示,多个具象化的数据占位符组合成为一个数据占位图。
数据占位文件:数据占位文件为一种将所有的数据占位符以JSON格式存储的文件。
本实施例中,在采用绘制数据占位图的方式获得数据占位文件时,可以通过以下方式实现:
新建一空白的数据占位文件;绘制数据占位符;确定当前应用场景,将数据占位符和当前应用场景加载至空白的数据占位文件中,以获得数据占位文件。
数据占位图由数据占位符构成,而数据占位符的数据包括名称数据、位置数据、尺寸数据、类型数据,其生成方式依赖于本申请中自定义开发的Revit插件。
数据占位文件生成插件前端框架使用WPF,本实施例中插件初始界面如图37所示。专利通过xaml文档将插件页面分为5个区域:功能区域,绘制区域,可视化区域,数据查看区域、数据修改区域,如图38所示。功能区域用于数据占位文件的新建、保存和历史数据占位文件加载的功能;绘制区域用于获取创建数据占位图所必要的信息;可视化区域用于将所有的数据占位符具象化表示;数据查看区域用于查看所有的数据占位符的详细信息;数据修改区域用于修改单个数据占位符的信息。
为实现数据占位符的基本功能:根据数据占位符中的数据,实现自动从资源库中获取BIM构件文件并原位生成BIM构件实例。在绘制数据占位符时,需要实现两个基本功能:数据占位符细化和数据占位符精确绘制。
本实施例中,可以采用以下方式实现数据占位符的绘制:
按照不同的BIM构件类型定义多个数据占位符类别;确定各个数据占位符类别下所需的信息;构建标准坐标系,针对各个数据占位符类别,基于获取的数据占位符类别对应的信息在标准坐标系中进行对应的数据占位符的绘制。
本实施例中,在数据占位符细化处理中,数据占位符需要依据数据占位符所表示的BIM构件的类别细化成很多的形式。在Revit中放置一个BIM构件的方式多种多样,导致使用Revit API进行自动化放置BIM构件的方式多种多样。系统BIM构件和标准BIM构件的放置方式不同。例:系统BIM构件墙通过墙专用的“Wall”类进行放置,标准BIM构件使用以下函数进行放置:
Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance();
系统BIM构件中不同的BIM构件在Revit中进行放置所需的信息不同:门仅仅需要一个宿主(墙)和坐标就可以放置,窗还需要一个高度信息才可以准确地放置。因此要实现依据数据占位符数据放置BIM构件实 例,需要将数据占位符的数据细化。
本实施例中,首先将数据占位符按照BIM构件的类别细化为4类:第一类占位符,第二类占位符,第三类占位符,第四类占位符。
定义数据占位符类别之前,需要明确宿主元素的定义。宿主元素是指可以被某些元素附着的元素,比如天花板作为宿主元素可以被吊灯附着,墙作为宿主元素可以被门附着。四类数据占位符的定义如下。
第一类占位符:第一类占位符代表一类BIM构件的数据占位符,其中这类BIM构件特指墙。
第二类占位符:第二类占位符代表一类BIM构件的数据占位符,其中这类BIM构件实例放置时需要宿主元素且不需要高度信息。例如门的数据占位符为第二类占位符,Revit放置门时需要提供一面墙但是不需要给门提供高度信息。
第三类占位符:第三类数据占位符代表一类BIM构件的数据占位符,其中这类BIM构件实例放置时需要宿主元素且需要高度信息。例如窗的数据占位符为第三类占位符,Revit放置窗时需要给窗提供一面墙和高度信息。
第四类占位符:第四类数据占位符代表一类BIM构件的数据占位符,其中这类BIM构件实例放置时仅需要坐标信息。例如桌的数据占位符为第四类占位符,Revit仅需要一个坐标信息就可以创建桌的BIM构件实例。
依据BIM构件的类别将数据占位符分为四类,由于对于不同的类别的BIM构件进行实例放置时需要的信息不同,那么不同数据占位符包含的信息也就不同。
第一类占位符:Revit放置墙时需要墙起点、墙重点、墙宽。
第二类占位符:Revit放置此类别的BIM构件实例时需要BIM构件文件,一个宿主元素,BIM构件实例相对于宿主元素的平面位置。如门:Revit放置门时需要一个门的BIM构件文件、一面墙、门在墙上的位置信息。
第三类占位符:Revit放置此类别的BIM构件实例时需要BIM构件文件、一个宿主元素、BIM构件实例相对于宿主元素的平面位置、BIM构件实例放置的高度信息。如窗:Revit放置窗时需要一个窗的BIM构件文件、一面墙、窗在墙上的平面位置、窗的放置高度。
第四类占位符:Revit放置此类别的BIM构件实例时需要BIM构件文件、一个坐标。如桌:Revit放置桌时需要一个桌的BIM构件文件、桌子的坐标。
因此,可以定义出四类数据占位符数据的信息,如表4所示。
表4数据占位符类别及数据占位符信息
其中,物体宽度、物体高度、旋转角度数据不用来进行BIM构件实例放置,目的是数据占位符的可视化。
在数据占位符的精确绘制中,绘制数据占位符需要定位精确,确保将BIM构件实例放置到准确的位置。
第一步:确定坐标轴
数据占位符精确绘制首先需要确定坐标轴。本实施例中,使用标准笛卡尔坐标系,如图39。X坐标系在页面水平向右,Y轴在页面水平向上,Z轴垂直于屏幕向外。坐标轴原点位于绘图区域中心。X-Y平面与Revit当前标高相同。
第二步:绘制第一类占位符
第一类占位符所需要的BIM构件类型、墙起点、墙终点、墙宽信息,通过绘制区域的输入框获取。
第二步:绘制第二类占位符
第二类占位符需要的BIM构件类型、坐标、物体宽度、物体高度和旋转角度信息,通过绘制区域的输入框获取。第二类占位符需要的宿主元素通过在可视化区域点击已有占位符进行获取。
第三步:绘制第三类占位符
第三类占位符所需要的BIM构件类型、坐标、物体宽度、物体高度、旋转角度和宿主元素信息,获取方法与第二步相同。第三类占位符所需要的高度信息通过绘制区域的输入框获取。
第四步:绘制第四类占位符
第四类占位符所需要的BIM构件类型、坐标、物体宽度、物体高度和旋转角度信息,通过绘制区域输入框获取。
第五步:可视化区域查看数据占位符绘制结果
可视化区域用于显示绘制的数据占位符。所有绘制到数据占位符在可视区域的展示都是一个矩形,可以通过四个角点确定这个矩形。
第一类占位符:通过墙起点和墙终点在可视化区域的笛卡尔坐标系中确定一条线,通过墙宽将此线向垂直方向偏移墙宽一半距离,就可以得到第一类占位符的可视化,如图40所示。
第二类占位符:第二类占位符可视化后,单个矩形可以表示的信息如图41所示。图41中的x、y表示数据占位符中的坐标信息,θ表示数据占位符中的旋转角度信息,w表示数据占位符中的物体高度信息,l表示数据占位符中的物体宽度信息。通过坐标(x,y)可以在可视化区域的笛卡尔坐标系中确定一个点。通过物体宽度w和物体长度l和坐标(x,y)可以确定一个矩形,再将矩形绕定位中心进行逆时针旋转θ度,就可以得到矩阵的四个角点为:

第三类占位符:第三类占位符的可视化方式同第二类占位符。
第四类占位符:第四类占位符的可视化方式同第二类占位符。
绘制数据占位图需要确定当前文件中所有数据占位符表示的统一场景。应用场景可以为:客厅、厨房、卫生间、酒店大堂、工业厂房等。确定好当前应用场景后,应用场景便会随着所有占位符数据一起保存在这个数据占位文件中。在占位符存储数据库中,依据应用场景进行数据占位符的分类,可以提高检索数据占位文件的效率。例如:当设计师在Revit中需要设计客厅时,可以从占位符存储数据库中选择应用场景为客厅的数据占位文件,从中选择一个载入到Revit中就可生成客厅的标准单元。数据占位图绘制结果实例如图42所示。
由上可知,数据占位文件还可以通过加载历史数据占位文件的方式获得。也即,基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建的整体流程可如图43中所示,其中,步骤1和步骤2可以同时执行,或者也可以择一执行。
加载历史数据占位文件的方式,能够快速生成数据占位文件并导入到Revit中生成标准单元。加载历史数据占位文件可以缩短数据占位图制作时间从而缩短标准单元制作时间。
历史数据占位文件存储于占位符存储数据库中,依据应用场景可以快速检索出需要的数据占位文件。将历史数据占位文件加载到插件中,可以选择直接使用此文件,将其载入到Revit中生成标准单元,或者选择将其进行调整再载入到Revit中生成标准单元。相比从零开始新建数据占位文件,加载历史数据占位文件进行文件直接使用或者微调可以节省用户大量时间。
加载历史数据占位文件通过以下方法实现:
第一步:通过C#程序将页面的“加载”按钮链接到数据占位文件存储数据库。
第二步:数据库中所有的数据占位文件使用JSON格式保存。
第三步:解析JSON文件并加载到占位符绘制插件中。
其中对于第一步,详细为:
调用OpenFileDialog类,实例化此类以弹出一个文件对话框。本实施例中,设置此类的属性包括title:文件对话框的标题;Filter:过滤要选择的文件类型。本实施例中,可使用Filter过滤掉所有非JSON格式的文件。
其中对于第二步中的JSON格式,详细为:
JSON是一种轻量级的数据交换格式,易于人阅读和编写。对象和数组类型常常使用JSON来表示。在本实施例中,占位符信息和场景信息是一种对象和数组类型,因此可以通过JSON格式进行存储。
JSON文件的最外层是一个对象,对象首先通过“scene”键存储应用场景,然后在“placeholder”键中以存储有文件中所有的占位符信息的数组为值。四种类型的占位符信息分别用四种对象进行表示。
第一种对象:第一类占位符
其中"name"属性:表示第一类占位符名字;"id"属性:表示第一类占位符ID,通过当前时间拼接随机数表示;"start"属性:表示第一类占位符起点;"end"属性:表示第一类占位符终点;"width"属性:表示第一类占位符墙宽。
第二种对象:第二类占位符
其中"name"属性:表示第二类占位符名字;"id"表示第二类占位符ID,通过当前时间拼接随机数表示;"host":第二类占位符放置时所需宿主元素对应占位符的ID;"coordinate"属性:表示第二类占位符放置位置坐标;"width":表示第二类占位符物体宽度;"height":表示第二类占位符物体高度;"angle":表示第二类占位符旋转角度。
第三种对象:第三类占位符
其中"name":表示第三类占位符名字;"id":表示第三类占位符的ID;"host":表示第三类占位符放置时所需宿主元素对应占位符的ID;"coordinate":表示第三类占位符放置位置坐标;"heightByLevel":表示第三类占位符相对于当前标高的高度;"width":表示第三类占位符物体宽度;"height":表示第三类占位符物体高度;"angle":表示第三类占位符的旋转角度。
第四种对象:第四类占位符
其中,"name":表示第四类占位符名字;"id":表示第四类占位符ID;"coordinate":表示第四类占位符放置位置坐标;"width":表示第四类占位符物体宽度;"height":表示第四类占位符物体高度;"angle":表示第四类占位符的旋转角度。
其中对于第三步中的解析JSON文件,详细为:
由于JSON文件中通过对象的形式存储单个数据占位符信息,通过数组的形式储存所有数据占位符的信息,因此在解析文件过程中使用C#调用JArray.Parse()命令并通过JArray格式存储所有数据占位符信息,通过foreach遍历JArray格式的占位符数据便可以获取到各个数据占位符单独的信息。
解析完数据占位文件后,将各个数据占位符信息放置前端插件的在绘制区域、可视化区域、查看区域。
在新建数据占位文件后和/或在加载历史数据占位文件后,程序需要具备使用户调整数据占位符的功能。特别是用户需要快速在Revit中制作符合要求的标准单元时,用户可以通过加载历史数据占位文件,经过快速的部分的调整后就可以制作出标准单元。因此以一种方便快捷地方式调整数据占位符可以极大地加快标准单元制作效率,提升BIM构件文件及数据占位符的利用能力。
本实施例中,通过绘图区域,可视化区域,查看区域协同配合实现调整数据占位符。
1)绘图区域与可视化区域和查看区域配合
在绘图区域输入数据占位符数据,可以在可视化区域中检查数据占位符数据的正确性。
绘图区域输入占位符数据后,将会通过前端WPF代码在查看区域进行展示,可以在后续其他数据占位符制作过程中检查其所有数据占位符的详细信息,如图44所示。
2)可视化区域与绘图区域和查看区域配合
点击可视化区域中的数据占位符,在绘图区域中会打开输入框,输入框中展示数据占位符的信息。修改绘图区域数据占位符输入框信息时,修改内容会同步到可视化区域和查看区域。
点击可视化区域中的数据占位符,在查看区域中会展示此数据占位符的全部详细信息,包括具体的坐标,角度等信息。通过此方法可以检查数据占位符绘制信息的正确性,如图45所示。
3)查看区域与绘图区域和可视化区域配合
点击查看区域的数据占位符信息,可以在绘图区域和可视化区域定位到相同的数据占位符,从而在绘图区域进行修改或者可视化区域进行检查。
在新建一个数据占位文件或者加载历史数据占位文件并进行数据占位符的调整后,可以将其保存为本地文件或者将其上传到占位符存储数据库。保存数据占位文件后,可以进行反复使用。
保存数据占位文件的格式,与以上所述的JSON文件格式相同。
在上述基础上,可以基于数据占位文件中的数据占位符,在数字设计资源库中得到推荐BIM构件文件,该步骤可以通过以下方式实现:
读取数据占位文件中的数据占位符对应的BIM构件类型和应用场景;在数字设计资源库中检索包含所述BIM构件类型和应用场景的关键词;基于检索到的关键词得到数据占位符对应的多个候选BIM构件文件;从多个候选BIM构件文件中确定出推荐BIM构件文件。
数据占位文件拥有除BIM构件文件和标高外的所有信息。构建标准单元时,程序给每一个数据占位符一个BIM构件文件,就可以将BIM构件实例放置在当前标高中。因此需要给每一个数据占位符推荐一个BIM构件文件。
具体的推荐方法为:在插件后端读取所有数据占位符信息中的BIM构件类型和应用场景,通过C#程序在数字设计资源库中检索包含每一个数据占位符的BIM构件类型和应用场景关键词。每一个数据占位符将会候选多个BIM构件文件,程序选择其中的第一个BIM构件绑定在数据占位符上作为推荐BIM构件文件。
在此基础上,则可以基于数据占位符和对应的推荐BIM构件文件制作得到标准单元,具体地:
获取所有数据占位符类别下的数据占位符,并获取各个数据占位符类别下数据占位符对应的推荐BIM构件文件;针对多个类别的数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件,按照设定顺序依次基于各个类别的数据占 位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件进行BIM构件实例放置,以完成标准单元的制作。
所谓的标准单元,是映射于现实生活中的应用场景,由一组相关BIM构件组合而成的BIM模型,如标准房间、标准卫生间、标准护士站、标准医疗单元、标准办公单元等。在标准单元中可以选择BIM构件实例进行BIM构件的替换,从而调整标准单元内在表达形式。创建好数据占位文件和推荐出每一个数据占位符的BIM构件文件后,就可以最后标准单元的制作了。点击插件的“载入”,就可以自动在Revit中制作标准单元。具体的步骤为:
第一步:程序后端获取所有的数据占位符信息,包括第一类占位符,第二类占位符,第三类占位符,第四类占位符。
第二步:程序后端获取所有数据占位符绑定的BIM构件文件。
第三步:制作标准单元,放置BIM构件实例的顺序为对第一类占位符进行BIM构件实例放置,然后依次为第四类占位符,第二类占位符,第三类占位符。
其中对于第一类占位符,使用Revit API进行自动布置墙。首先使用墙起点和墙终点创建Line格式的墙线,然后通过调用FilteredElementCollector类,通过FilteredElementCollector类中的OfCategoryId()函数获取当前标高和墙的系统BIM构件,最后使用Wall.Create()函数在Revit的当前标高进行墙放置。
其中对于第四类占位符,调用FilteredElementCollector类,通过FilteredElementCollector类中的OfCategoryId()函数获取到当前标高,通过Directory.GetFiles()函数和Document.LoadFamily()函数载入BIM构件文件,然后将坐标点、标高和BIM构件文件放入到Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance()函数中就可以进行BIM构件实例创建。
其中对于第二类占位符,使用Revit API自动放置BIM构件实例。程序首先通过第二类占位符中存储的宿主元素ID,在Revit中进行抓取,然后通过FilteredElementCollector类,通过FilteredElementCollector类中的OfCategoryId()函数获取到当前标高,通过Directory.GetFiles()函数和Document.LoadFamily()载入BIM构件文件。最后将坐标点、载入的BIM构件文件、抓取到的宿主元素、当前标高放入到Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance()函数,就可以进行第二类占位符放置。
其中对于第三类占位符,使用Revit API自动放置BIM构件实例的方法与第二类占位符相似。给Document.Create.NewFamilyInstance()函数中的坐标点XYZ的z值就是高度。
本实施例中,将以上过程为开发过程来理解的话,可以基于以上方式开发得到实现BIM模型搭建的插件,该插件可以置于本申请中的BIM软件中,也即Revit软件中。
在上述基础上,在对该插件进行应用时,请结合参阅图46,在采用新建数据占位文件以生成标准单元时,可以通过以下步骤实现:
1)在Revit中打开本申请的插件,点击新建占位符文件。
2)输入数据占位符所需信息:选择占位符类别、输入BIM构件类别、坐标、物体宽度、物体高度等信息,则点击宿主元素。
3)检查所有的数据占位符,并进行调整。
4)保存数据占位符文件。
5)将数据占位符加载到Revit中,生成标准单元。
6)调整数据占位符,生成新的标准单元。
7)结束。
此外,对于上述插件的应用,请结合参阅图47,在采用由历史数据占位文件制作标准单元的方式下,可以通过以下方式实现:
1)在Reivt中打开本申请的插件,选择历史占位符文件。
2)检查所有的数据占位符,并进行数据占位符的调整。
3)保存数据占位符文件。
4)将数据占位符加载到Revit中,生成标准单元。
5)调整数据占位符,生成新的标准单元。
6)结束。
综上,本申请实施例所提供的数字设计资源库应用方法中,包括采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,如基于BIM模型自动提炼的方式、基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方式、基于犀牛构件转换的BIM构件创建方式。可以针对性地解决现有技术中以自主创建为主,操作步骤的繁琐导致BIM构件资源的创建效率低下的问题,且没有有效利用已有BIM模型中的构件资源,缺乏有效的方法将其它非BIM构件资源转换为BIM构件资源等问题。
此外,本实施例中,还可对BIM构件执行参数批量添加,以实现BIM构件的修改。可以针对性地解决现有技术中BIM构件的参数添加方式以单个构件批量添加存在的效率低下的问题。
进一步地,本实施例中,还可对BIM构件执行参数可视化验证,从而针对性地解决现有技术中所存在的 对创建好的BIM构件缺乏有效的验证方法,特别是在BIM构件的参数化能力验证方面所存在的低效率的问题。
此外,本实施例中,还提供了一种基于余弦相似度的BIM构件推荐方法,可以针对性地解决现有技术中存在的依据设计师自主搜索查询,缺乏有效的BIM构件推荐使用方式的缺陷。
进一步地,本实施例中,还提供一种基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建方法,可以针对性地解决现有技术中以单一BIM构件拼搭BIM模型所存在的耗时长、复用难度大等缺陷。
综上所述,本申请实施例提供的数字设计资源库应用方法,整体上可以解决现有技术中建筑相关BIM构件资源库不成熟,在BIM构件资源库的形成、管理、应用等方面缺乏体系性的缺陷。
请参阅图48,为本申请实施例提供电子设备的结构框图,所述电子设备包括存储器、处理器及通信模块。所述存储器、处理器以及通信模块各元件相互之间直接或间接地电性连接,以实现数据的传输或交互。例如,这些元件相互之间可通过一条或多条通讯总线或信号线实现电性连接。
其中,存储器用于存储程序或者数据。所述存储器可以是,但不限于,随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM),只读存储器(Read Only Memory,ROM),可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory,PROM),可擦除只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory,EPROM),电可擦除只读存储器(Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory,EEPROM)等。
处理器用于读/写存储器中存储的数据或程序,并执行本申请任意实施例提供的BIM构件创建方法,以及数字设计资源库应用方法。
通信模块用于通过网络建立电子设备与其它通信终端之间的通信连接,并用于通过网络收发数据。
应当理解的是,图48所示的结构仅为电子设备的结构示意图,所述电子设备还可包括比图48中所示更多或者更少的组件,或者具有与图48所示不同的配置。
此外,请参阅图49,本申请实施例还提供一种BIM构件创建装置,所述装置包括:
获取单元,用于基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令;
其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令;
展示单元,用于在推荐界面上展示所述推荐创建指令;
执行单元,用于在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
本申请实施例中的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建装置,可以实现上述任意实现方式中的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法。本实施例中未详尽之处,可参见上述实施例中关于基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建方法的相关描述。
此外,请参阅图50,本申请实施例还提供一种数字设计资源库应用装置,该装置包括:
创建单元,用于采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,所述多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及上述的基于推荐创建指令的BIM构件创建装置下实现的创建方式;
应用单元,用于针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
本申请实施例中的数字设计资源库应用装置,可以实现上述任意实现方式中的数字设计资源库应用方法。本实施例中未详尽之处,可参见上述实施例中关于数字设计资源库应用方法的相关描述。
进一步地,本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,计算机可读存储介质存储有机器可执行指令,机器可执行指令被执行时实现上述实施例提供的BIM构件创建方法,以及数字设计资源库应用方法。
具体地,该计算机可读存储介质能够为通用的存储介质,如移动磁盘、硬盘等,该计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序被运行时,能够执行上述BIM构件创建方法,以及数字设计资源库应用方法。关于计算机可读存储介质中的及其可执行指令被运行时,所涉及的过程,可以参照上述方法实施例中的相关说明,这里不再详述。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种BIM构件创建方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令;
    其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令;
    在推荐界面上展示所述推荐创建指令;
    在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的BIM构件创建方法,其特征在于,在所述基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令之前,所述方法还包括:
    获取创建人员的BIM构件创建的日志记录;
    其中,所述日志记录包括所述创建人员在进行BIM构件创建的过程中所使用过的历史创建指令和历史创建指令执行的顺序;
    基于所述日志记录确定所有的历史创建指令;
    统计所述日志记录中任意指令组合出现的频度,其中,所述指令组合为相邻的任意两个历史创建指令的组合;
    统计所述日志记录中以任意一个历史创建指令对应的组合数量,其中,所述组合数量为以所述历史创建指令作为其中的第一指令的指令组合的数量;
    基于所述频度和所述组合数量,确定在每一种历史创建指令后任意历史创建指令的执行概率,以生成所述转移概率信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的BIM构件创建方法,其特征在于,所述获取创建人员的BIM构件创建的日志记录的步骤,包括:
    读取指定路径下的日志文件,获取所述日志文件中以指定字符串开头的行文本,生成对应的日志记录;
    在所述日志记录包含第一特征字符串或不包含第二特征字符串的情况下,将所述日志记录删除;
    将保留下来的所述日志记录中的第一行删除。
  4. 一种数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,所述多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及基于权利要求1-3任意一项所述的BIM构件的创建方式;
    针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括基于余弦相似度的BIM构件的推荐步骤,该步骤包括:
    获取预设BIM模型,并基于所述预设BIM模型中的第一BIM构件创建第一数据断面,所述第一BIM构件为所述数字设计资源库中的BIM构件;
    基于所述第一数据断面获取第一BIM构件数据集,并对所述第一BIM构件数据集进行入库存储;
    响应于针对目标插入点的选择操作,以所述目标插入点为中心创建第二数据断面;
    获取所述第二数据断面内的第二BIM构件,并基于所述第二BIM构件获取第二BIM构件数据集;
    对所述第二BIM构件数据集以及所述第一BIM构件数据集进行余弦相似度计算,得到计算结果;
    基于所述计算结果,从所述第一BIM构件数据集中确定与所述第二BIM构件数据集余弦相似度最高的第三BIM构件,进行该第三BIM构件的推荐。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括基于数据占位的BIM模型搭建的步骤,该步骤包括:
    获得数据占位文件,并调整所述数据占位文件中的数据占位符;
    基于所述数据占位文件中的数据占位符,在所述数字设计资源库中得到推荐BIM构件文件;
    基于所述数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件制作得到标准单元,所述标准单元为由一组相关BIM构件组合而成的BIM模型。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式,包括以下步骤:
    将已归档的BIM模型中的可载入BIM构件文件保存为本地文件,以得到第一构件集合,并获得所述第一构件集合中所有第一构件的MD5编码和名称;
    获得所述数字设计资源库中所有的BIM构件以形成第二构件集合,并获得所述第二构件集合中所有第二 构件的MD5编码和名称;
    对所有第一构件和第二构件执行MD5编码和名称的全匹配;
    针对各所述第一构件,若所述第一构件的MD5编码和名称均未匹配成功,则对所述第一构件进行审查和修改,得到审查通过后的BIM构件。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式,还包括以下步骤:
    若所述第一构件的MD5编码和名称的其中一项与任意第二构件匹配成功,则该第二构件为所述第一构件的同类型构件;
    获取所述同类型构件的参数集以及和公式数据库,将所述参数集以及和公式数据库与所述第一构件绑定,以将所述参数集以及和公式数据库写入至所述第一构件中。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于Rhino犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式,包括以下步骤:
    将包括Rhino犀牛构件的构件文件转换为具有中间格式的中间文件;
    基于Dynamo解析所述中间文件,生成BIM构件文件,所述BIM构件文件中包括与所述构件文件中的Rhino犀牛构件对应的BIM构件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述将包括Rhino犀牛构件的构件文件转换为具有中间格式的中间文件的步骤,包括:
    根据获取的保存包括Rhino犀牛构件的构件文件的文件夹路径,获取所有的构件文件,并保存到文件列表中;
    通过选择命令从所述文件列表中抓取所述构件文件中的Rhino犀牛构件,并将所述Rhino犀牛构件的格式转换为中间格式,并将转换后得到的构件存放至获得的用于存放中间文件的文件夹路径。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于Dynamo解析所述中间文件,生成BIM构件文件的步骤,包括:
    基于Dynamo中的代码块在获取所有中间文件后,记录各所述中间文件中构件的点和面;
    遍历所述中间文件中的面,将所有面进行合并得到一个几何形体,将所述几何形体保存到几何形体列表中;
    创建一空白的BIM构件样板文件,基于保存所述几何形体的几何形体列表及所述BIM构件样板文件生成BIM构件文件。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加的步骤,包括:
    获取包括需添加参数的BIM构件的批量的BIM构件文件;
    剔除获取的所有BIM构件文件中重复的BIM构件文件,并剔除版本信息高于BIM软件的当前版本信息的BIM构件文件;
    获取批量的用于参数添加的参数,并存入参数列表中;
    将获取的所有参数批量添加至所有的BIM构件文件中。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述将获取的所有参数批量添加至所有的BIM构件文件中的步骤,包括:
    从所有的待添加的BIM构件文件中确定一个目标BIM构件文件,其中,所述目标BIM构件文件包括至少一个BIM构件;
    在参数列表中还包括任意一个待添加状态的参数的情况下,选择一个待添加状态的参数作为目标参数;
    在所述目标BIM构件文件中不存在所述目标参数的情况下,将所述目标参数添加至所述目标BIM构件文件,并将所述目标参数修改为已添加状态;
    确定所述参数列表中是否还包括待添加状态的参数;
    若还包括待添加状态的参数,则重复选择一个待添加状态的参数作为目标参数,直至所述参数列表中的所有参数均为已添加状态;
    若所述参数列表中的所有参数均为已添加状态,将所述目标BIM构件文件修改为已添加状态;
    确定是否还存在待添加的BIM构件文件;
    若是,则将所述参数列表中的所有参数修改为待添加状态,重复从待添加的BIM构件文件中确定一个目标BIM构件文件,直至所有的BIM构件文件均完成参数添加。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述将所述目标参数添加至所述目标BIM构件文件的步骤,包括:
    基于预设的映射函数对所述目标参数进行映射,以得到映射值;
    确定所述目标参数为共享参数或族参数;
    当所述目标参数为共享参数时,基于共享参数函数将所述映射值添加至所述目标BIM构件文件;
    当所述目标参数为族参数时,基于族参数函数将所述映射值添加至所述目标BIM构件文件。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,在所述选择一个待添加状态的参数作为目标参数之后,所述将获取的所有参数批量添加至所有的BIM构件文件中的步骤,还包括:
    获取所述目标BIM构件文件中所有已有参数的参数名称;
    确定所述目标参数的参数名称是否与所述目标BIM构件文件中任意一个已有参数的参数名称相同;
    若是,则确定所述目标BIM构件文件中存在所述目标参数;
    在所述目标BIM构件文件中存在所述目标参数的情况下,将所述目标参数修改为已添加状态;
    若否,则确定所述目标BIM构件文件中不存在所述目标参数。
  16. 根据权利要求4所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证的步骤,包括:
    获取待验证的BIM构件的BIM构件参数,并在所述BIM构件参数内获取与每个预设的目标参数类型对应的目标参数;
    利用驱动验证软件创建包括所述目标参数类型和与每个目标参数类型对应的目标参数的目标可视化界面,其中,所述目标可视化界面位于所述BIM构件参数对应的待验证的BIM构件的上方,且所述待验证的BIM构件的几何形体能够随着所述目标参数的调节进行同步调节;
    通过调节所述目标可视化界面中的目标参数,实现所述待验证的BIM构件几何形体的同步调节,以完成对所述待验证的BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述通过调节所述目标可视化界面中的目标参数,实现所述待验证的BIM构件几何形体的同步调节,以完成对所述待验证的BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证的步骤,包括:
    调节所述目标可视化界面中的目标参数的目标参数调整滑块,并获得每次调节后所述待验证的BIM构件几何形体变化情况;
    判断所述变化情况是否满足预期结果,若不满足预期结果,则修改所述待验证的BIM构件,若满足预期结果,则结束验证流程,以完成对所述待验证的BIM构件的参数化能力的可视化验证。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括开发所述驱动验证软件的步骤,该步骤包括:
    获取BIM构件的所有BIM构件参数,并将所述BIM构件参数按预设格式构成参数集;
    筛选出所述参数集内与设定的参数类型对应的目标参数,并将所述参数类型对应的目标参数构成目标参数集;
    根据所述参数类型,对应创建所述可视化界面的BIM构件参数分组,其中,所述BIM构件参数分组中包括与其对应的参数类型的至少一个目标参数;
    在所述可视化界面的所述BIM构件参数分组中创建与所述目标参数对应的目标参数调整滑块;
    将所述目标参数与对应的所述目标参数调整滑块进行绑定,得到包括所述BIM构件参数分组和所述目标参数集的可视化界面,其中,所述BIM构件参数分组携带有所述参数类型的信息;
    通过调节所述可视化界面中的目标参数实现的BIM构件几何形体的同步调节,进行所述BIM构件的参数化能力的驱动验证,进而完成对所述驱动验证软件的开发。
  19. 根据权利要求5所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述预设BIM模型中包含若干所述第一BIM构件;
    所述获取预设BIM模型,并基于所述预设BIM模型中的第一BIM构件创建第一数据断面,包括:
    获取预设BIM模型;
    对所述预设BIM模型进行遍历,获取所述预设BIM模型中全部的所述第一BIM构件;
    根据所述第一BIM构件确定所述第一BIM构件的第一工作视图;
    以所述第一工作视图中的第一BIM构件为中心,创建第一数据断面。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述第一数据断面获取第一BIM构件数据集,包括:
    基于所述第一工作视图和第一数据断面,确定与所述第一BIM构件对应的相关BIM构件;
    基于所述第一BIM构件以及所述相关BIM构件,形成所述第一BIM构件数据集。
  21. 根据权利要求5所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述响应于针对目标插入点的选择操作,以所述目标插入点为中心创建第二数据断面,包括:
    响应于针对目标插入点的选择操作,获取所述目标插入点附近的当前操作视图;
    基于所述当前操作视图形成第二工作视图;
    基于所述第二工作视图创建第二数据断面。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述获取所述第二数据断面内的第二 BIM构件,并基于所述第二BIM构件获取第二BIM构件数据集,包括:
    基于所述第二数据断面,确定与所述第二工作视图对应的第二BIM构件;
    基于所述第二BIM构件,获取第二BIM构件数据集。
  23. 根据权利要求6所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述获得数据占位文件的步骤,包括:
    新建一空白的数据占位文件;
    按照不同的BIM构件类型定义多个数据占位符类别;
    确定各个数据占位符类别下所需的信息;
    构建标准坐标系,针对各所述数据占位符类别,基于获取的所述数据占位符类别对应的信息在所述标准坐标系中进行对应的数据占位符的绘制;
    确定当前应用场景,将所述数据占位符和所述当前应用场景加载至空白的数据占位文件中,以获得所述数据占位文件。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件制作得到标准单元的步骤,包括:
    获取所有数据占位符类别下的数据占位符,并获取各个数据占位符类别下数据占位符对应的推荐BIM构件文件;
    针对多个类别的数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件,按照设定顺序依次基于各个类别的数据占位符及对应的推荐BIM构件文件进行BIM构件实例放置,以完成标准单元的制作。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的数字设计资源库应用方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述数据占位文件中的数据占位符,在所述数字设计资源库中得到推荐BIM构件文件的步骤,包括:
    读取所述数据占位文件中的数据占位符对应的BIM构件类型和应用场景;
    在所述数字设计资源库中检索包含所述BIM构件类型和应用场景的关键词;
    基于检索到的关键词得到所述数据占位符对应的多个候选BIM构件文件;
    从所述多个候选BIM构件文件中确定出推荐BIM构件文件。
  26. 一种BIM构件创建装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
    获取单元,用于基于创建BIM构件的当前创建指令和转移概率信息获取推荐创建指令;
    其中,所述转移概率信息包括在所述当前创建指令后下一任意创建指令的执行概率,所述推荐创建指令包括按照所述执行概率从大到小排序的前预设位数的创建指令;
    展示单元,用于在推荐界面上展示所述推荐创建指令;
    执行单元,用于在任意一个所述推荐创建指令被确定为新的创建指令时,执行新的创建指令。
  27. 一种数字设计资源库应用装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
    创建单元,用于采用多种不同的创建方式进行BIM构件的创建,所述多种不同的创建方式包括基于BIM模型自动提炼的BIM构件的创建方式、基于犀牛构件转换的BIM构件的创建方式以及在权利要求26所述的BIM构件创建装置下实现的创建方式;
    应用单元,用于针对需要添加参数的BIM构件,对所述BIM构件执行参数的批量添加,并在创建人员对添加参数后的BIM构件进行几何参数绑定后,对所述BIM构件进行几何参数可视化验证,将验证通过的BIM构件入库到数字设计资源库。
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