WO2023240380A1 - Endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and preparation method therefor - Google Patents
Endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and preparation method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023240380A1 WO2023240380A1 PCT/CN2022/098316 CN2022098316W WO2023240380A1 WO 2023240380 A1 WO2023240380 A1 WO 2023240380A1 CN 2022098316 W CN2022098316 W CN 2022098316W WO 2023240380 A1 WO2023240380 A1 WO 2023240380A1
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- hydrocarbon fuel
- liquid hydrocarbon
- endothermic
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PABVZIFMGIIJAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyclopropylethenyl)adamantane Chemical compound C1(CC1)C=CC1C2CC3CC(CC1C3)C2 PABVZIFMGIIJAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 Adamantane Olefin Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adamantane Natural products C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- KRDXURLKZNAXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-adamantylidene)adamantane Chemical compound C1C(CC2C3)CC3CC1C2=C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 KRDXURLKZNAXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006578 reductive coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001573 adamantine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/207—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms from carbonyl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C13/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing rings other than, or in addition to, six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C13/28—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof
- C07C13/32—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings
- C07C13/54—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings
- C07C13/605—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with a bridged ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of fuel processing, specifically an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof.
- Liquid fuels are a large category of fuels.
- the existing liquid hydrocarbon fuel preparation process is relatively complex and inconvenient for efficient combustion. Therefore, the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof.
- the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.
- an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof.
- the required materials for the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl -vinyl)-adamantane, adamantane olefin dimer, shale oil, carbon monoxide, cycloalkanes, aromatics, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and alkenes.
- the required material weight portions of the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 10 parts of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, 15 parts of adamantane olefin dimer, 50 parts of shale oil, 15 parts of carbon monoxide, 10 parts of naphthenes, 15 parts of aromatic hydrocarbons, 15 parts of hydrogen sulfide, 15 parts of alkanes and 10 parts of olefins.
- the general formula of the alkane molecule is C n H 2n+2 , and C 5 to C 15 are the main components of the liquid fuel.
- Alkanes are also called paraffin hydrocarbons, starting from C 5 , they are divided into normal alkanes (linear structure) and isoalkanes (side chain structure).
- the general formula of the olefin molecule is C n H 2n .
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Their molecular structures contain less hydrogen than the maximum possible, so they are chemically active and easily react with many compounds. Their chemical stability and thermal stability are worse than alkanes. Under high temperature and catalysis, it is easily converted into aromatic hydrocarbons.
- crude oil does not contain many olefins, which are usually produced by the cracking process.
- the petroleum products obtained by direct fractionation do not contain much olefins, while the oil obtained by cracking can contain up to 25% olefins.
- the cycloalkane is a cyclic structure containing one or more 6 carbon atoms. Although structurally they appear to be somewhat similar to cycloalkanes, they contain less hydrogen and thus their calorific value per unit weight is much lower. Other major disadvantages are the high tendency to smoke and carbon deposits and the high hygroscopicity, which can easily lead to the deposition of ice crystals when the fuel is at low temperatures.
- aromatic hydrocarbons have strong dissolving ability for rubber products.
- the general formula of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is C n H 2n+5 .
- More complex aromatic hydrocarbons can have one hydrogen atom in the above molecular structure replaced by other groups.
- the preparation method of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows:
- the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:
- the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method can quickly produce fuel through the carbonyl reduction coupling synthesis method.
- the raw materials used are bulk chemicals, which are widely sourced and easy to obtain.
- the high density obtained by this method Endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel with calorific value.
- the main component is a mixture of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer.
- the density is 0.98 ⁇ 1.01g/cm 3
- the freezing point is lower than -20°C
- the calorific value is 42.7 ⁇ 45.0MJ/kg, and it has better heat absorption than ordinary cyclic hydrocarbon liquid fuels, which can meet the fuel demand of ramjet engines. It is a performance Excellent cage liquid endothermic hydrocarbon fuel.
- the required materials for the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, adamantane olefin dimer, shale oil , carbon monoxide, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and alkenes.
- the required material weight portions of the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantine 10 parts of alkane, 15 parts of adamantane olefin dimer, 50 parts of shale oil, 15 parts of carbon monoxide, 10 parts of cycloalkanes, 15 parts of aromatic hydrocarbons, 15 parts of hydrogen sulfide, 15 parts of alkanes and 10 parts of olefins, the alkane molecules
- the general formula is C n H 2n+2 , and C 5 ⁇ C 15 are the main components of liquid fuel.
- Alkanes are also called paraffin hydrocarbons.
- olefin molecules are C n H 2n .
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Their molecular structures contain less hydrogen than the maximum possible, so they are chemically active and easily react with many compounds. Their chemical stability and thermal stability are worse than alkanes. Under high temperature and catalysis, it is easily converted into aromatic hydrocarbons.
- crude oil does not contain many olefins, which are usually produced by the cracking process. Petroleum products obtained by direct fractionation do not contain many olefins. In the oil obtained by cracking, olefins can be as much as 25%.
- Naphthenes are cyclic structures containing one or more rings of 6 carbon atoms. structure. Although structurally they appear to be somewhat similar to naphthenes, they contain less hydrogen and thus their calorific value per unit weight is much lower. Other major disadvantages are the high tendency of smoke and carbon deposits and high hygroscopicity, so when the fuel is at low temperatures, it can easily lead to the deposition of ice crystals, and aromatic hydrocarbons have a strong ability to dissolve rubber products.
- the general formula of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is C n H 2n+5 . For more complex aromatic hydrocarbons, one hydrogen atom in the above molecular structure can be replaced by other groups.
- the preparation method of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows: S1.
- 2-(2-Cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer are added into the reactor, and the carbonyl reduction coupling method is used to synthesize a high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution ; S2. Take out the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution and introduce it into the glass tank, and add shale oil, carbon monoxide, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and olefins into the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbons one after another. Stir the liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution.
- the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method can be quickly produced through the carbonyl reduction coupling synthesis method.
- the raw materials used are bulk chemicals, which are widely sourced and easy to obtain.
- the main component of the high-density heat-value endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel obtained by this method is a mixture of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer, with a density of 0.98 ⁇ 1 .01g/ cm3 , the freezing point is lower than -20°C, the calorific value is 42.7 ⁇ 45.0MJ/kg, and it has better heat absorption than ordinary cyclic hydrocarbon liquid fuels, which can meet the fuel needs of ramjet engines.
Abstract
An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel, the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising the following materials: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, adamantylideneadamantane, shale oil, carbon monoxide, a cycloalkane, an aromatic hydrocarbon and hydrogen sulfide. The endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel is prepared by means of a method of reductive coupling of carbonyl, in which raw materials used are bulk chemicals, have extensive sources and can be easily obtained. The main component of the high-density and high-heat-value endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel obtained by the method is a mixture of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantylideneadamantane, and the fuel has a density of 0.98-1.01 g/cm3, a freezing point of lower than -20℃ and a heat value of 42.7-45.0 MJ/kg. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel has a better heat absorption performance than common cyclic hydrocarbon liquid fuels, can satisfy the fuel demand of a ramjet, and is a cage-type liquid endothermic hydrocarbon fuel having excellent properties.
Description
本发明涉及燃料加工技术领域，具体为一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of fuel processing, specifically an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof.
液体燃料是燃料的一大类。能产生热能或动能的液态可燃物质。主要含有碳氢化合物或其混合物。天然的有石油或原油。经过加工而成的有由石油加工而得的汽油、煤油、柴油、燃料油等，由油页岩干馏而得的页岩油，以及由一氧化碳和氢合成的人造石油等。Liquid fuels are a large category of fuels. A liquid combustible substance that can produce heat or kinetic energy. Contains mainly hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof. Natural ones include petroleum or crude oil. Processed products include gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel oil, etc. obtained from petroleum processing, shale oil obtained from the carbonization of oil shale, and artificial petroleum synthesized from carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
现有的液体碳氢燃料的制备流程较为复杂，且不便与进行高效燃烧，因此本发明提供了一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法。The existing liquid hydrocarbon fuel preparation process is relatively complex and inconvenient for efficient combustion. Therefore, the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof.
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，解决了上述背景技术中提出的问题。In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.
为实现以上目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体、页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃。In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof. The required materials for the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl -vinyl)-adamantane, adamantane olefin dimer, shale oil, carbon monoxide, cycloalkanes, aromatics, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and alkenes.
优选的，所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料配重份数如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷10份、金刚烷烯烃二聚体15份、页岩油50份、一氧化碳15份、环烷烃10份、芳香烃15份、硫化氢15份、烷烃15份和烯烃10份。Preferably, the required material weight portions of the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 10 parts of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, 15 parts of adamantane olefin dimer, 50 parts of shale oil, 15 parts of carbon monoxide, 10 parts of naphthenes, 15 parts of aromatic hydrocarbons, 15 parts of hydrogen sulfide, 15 parts of alkanes and 10 parts of olefins.
优选的，所述烷烃分子通式为C
nH
2n+2，C
5~C
15为液体燃油的主要组成。烷类亦称石蜡族碳氢化合物，从C
5开始有正烷烃(直链结构)和异烷烃(侧链结构)之分。
Preferably, the general formula of the alkane molecule is C n H 2n+2 , and C 5 to C 15 are the main components of the liquid fuel. Alkanes are also called paraffin hydrocarbons, starting from C 5 , they are divided into normal alkanes (linear structure) and isoalkanes (side chain structure).
优选的，烯烃分子通式为C
nH
2n。烯烃是不饱和烃，它们的分子结构中含的氢比最大可能的少，所以化学上是活泼的，很容易和很多化合物起反应，其化学稳定性和热安定性比烷烃差。在高温和催化作用下，容易转化成芳香族碳氢化合物。一般原油中含烯烃并不多，烯烃通常是由裂解过程产生的。直接分馏法得出的石油产品中含烯烃不多，在裂解法得出的油中，烯烃可以多到25%。
Preferably, the general formula of the olefin molecule is C n H 2n . Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Their molecular structures contain less hydrogen than the maximum possible, so they are chemically active and easily react with many compounds. Their chemical stability and thermal stability are worse than alkanes. Under high temperature and catalysis, it is easily converted into aromatic hydrocarbons. Generally, crude oil does not contain many olefins, which are usually produced by the cracking process. The petroleum products obtained by direct fractionation do not contain much olefins, while the oil obtained by cracking can contain up to 25% olefins.
优选的，环烷烃是环状结构，含有一个或更多的6个碳原子的环状结构。虽然在结构上似乎与环烷烃有点类似，它们含的氢少，因而它们单位重量的热值低很多。其他主要的缺点是冒烟积碳的倾向很高，吸湿性高，所以当燃油处于低温时容易导致冰结晶的沉积。Preferably, the cycloalkane is a cyclic structure containing one or more 6 carbon atoms. Although structurally they appear to be somewhat similar to cycloalkanes, they contain less hydrogen and thus their calorific value per unit weight is much lower. Other major disadvantages are the high tendency to smoke and carbon deposits and the high hygroscopicity, which can easily lead to the deposition of ice crystals when the fuel is at low temperatures.
优选的，芳香烃对橡胶制品有很强的溶解能力。单环芳香烃的一般式为C
nH
2n+5，更复杂的芳香烃可以是上述分子结构中一个氢原子由其他基所替代。
Preferably, aromatic hydrocarbons have strong dissolving ability for rubber products. The general formula of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is C n H 2n+5 . More complex aromatic hydrocarbons can have one hydrogen atom in the above molecular structure replaced by other groups.
优选的，所述该液体碳氢燃料的制备方法如下：Preferably, the preparation method of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows:
S1、将2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体加入反应釜内，并采用羰基还原偶联的方法，合成得到高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液；S1. Add 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer into the reactor, and use the carbonyl reduction coupling method to synthesize high-density cage-type endothermic liquid carbon. Hydrogen fuel stock solution;
S2、将高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液取出导入玻璃罐内，并将页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃陆续加入至高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液内进行搅拌。S2. Take out the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution and introduce it into the glass tank, and add shale oil, carbon monoxide, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and olefins into the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbons one after another. Stir the liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution.
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，具备以下有益效果：Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides an endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:
该吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，通过羰基还原偶联合成方法，可快速的进行燃料制作，所采用的原料为大宗化工品，来源广泛，易于获取，采用该方法获得的高密度热值吸热型液体碳氢燃料，主要成分为2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷和金刚烷烯烃二聚体的混合物，密度为0 .98~1 .01g/cm
3之间，冰点低于-20℃，热值为42.7~45.0MJ/kg，并且有比一般环状碳氢液体燃料更好的吸热性，可以满足冲压发动机对燃料的需求，是一种性能优良的笼型液体吸热型碳氢燃料。
The endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method can quickly produce fuel through the carbonyl reduction coupling synthesis method. The raw materials used are bulk chemicals, which are widely sourced and easy to obtain. The high density obtained by this method Endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel with calorific value. The main component is a mixture of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer. The density is 0.98~1.01g/cm 3 The freezing point is lower than -20℃, the calorific value is 42.7~45.0MJ/kg, and it has better heat absorption than ordinary cyclic hydrocarbon liquid fuels, which can meet the fuel demand of ramjet engines. It is a performance Excellent cage liquid endothermic hydrocarbon fuel.
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明提供一种技术方案：所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体、页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃，所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料配重份数如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷10份、金刚烷烯烃二聚体15份、页岩油50份、一氧化碳15份、环烷烃10份、芳香烃15份、硫化氢15份、烷烃15份和烯烃10份，所述烷烃分子通式为C
nH
2n+2，C
5~C
15为液体燃油的主要组成。烷类亦称石蜡族碳氢化合物，从C
5开始有正烷烃(直链结构)和异烷烃(侧链结构)之分，烯烃分子通式为C
nH
2n。烯烃是不饱和烃，它们的分子结构中含的氢比最大可能的少，所以化学上是活泼的，很容易和很多化合物起反应，其化学稳定性和热安定性比烷烃差。在高温和催化作用下，容易转化成芳香族碳氢化合物。一般原油中含烯烃并不多，烯烃通常是由裂解过程产生的。直接分馏法得出的石油产品中含烯烃不多，在裂解法得出的油中，烯烃可以多到25%，环烷烃是环状结构，含有一个或更多的6个碳原子的环状结构。虽然在结构上似乎与环烷烃有点类似，它们含的氢少，因而它们单位重量的热值低很多。其他主要的缺点是冒烟积碳的倾向很高，吸湿性高，所以当燃油处于低温时容易导致冰结晶的沉积，芳香烃对橡胶制品有很强的溶解能力。单环芳香烃的一般式为C
nH
2n+5，更复杂的芳香烃可以是上述分子结构中一个氢原子由其他基所替代，所述该液体碳氢燃料的制备方法如下： S1、将2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体加入反应釜内，并采用羰基还原偶联的方法，合成得到高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液； S2、将高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液取出导入玻璃罐内，并将页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃陆续加入至高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液内进行搅拌。
The present invention provides a technical solution: the required materials for the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, adamantane olefin dimer, shale oil , carbon monoxide, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and alkenes. The required material weight portions of the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantine 10 parts of alkane, 15 parts of adamantane olefin dimer, 50 parts of shale oil, 15 parts of carbon monoxide, 10 parts of cycloalkanes, 15 parts of aromatic hydrocarbons, 15 parts of hydrogen sulfide, 15 parts of alkanes and 10 parts of olefins, the alkane molecules The general formula is C n H 2n+2 , and C 5 ~ C 15 are the main components of liquid fuel. Alkanes are also called paraffin hydrocarbons. Starting from C 5 , they are divided into normal alkanes (linear structure) and isoalkanes (side chain structure). The general formula of olefin molecules is C n H 2n . Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Their molecular structures contain less hydrogen than the maximum possible, so they are chemically active and easily react with many compounds. Their chemical stability and thermal stability are worse than alkanes. Under high temperature and catalysis, it is easily converted into aromatic hydrocarbons. Generally, crude oil does not contain many olefins, which are usually produced by the cracking process. Petroleum products obtained by direct fractionation do not contain many olefins. In the oil obtained by cracking, olefins can be as much as 25%. Naphthenes are cyclic structures containing one or more rings of 6 carbon atoms. structure. Although structurally they appear to be somewhat similar to naphthenes, they contain less hydrogen and thus their calorific value per unit weight is much lower. Other major disadvantages are the high tendency of smoke and carbon deposits and high hygroscopicity, so when the fuel is at low temperatures, it can easily lead to the deposition of ice crystals, and aromatic hydrocarbons have a strong ability to dissolve rubber products. The general formula of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is C n H 2n+5 . For more complex aromatic hydrocarbons, one hydrogen atom in the above molecular structure can be replaced by other groups. The preparation method of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows: S1. 2-(2-Cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer are added into the reactor, and the carbonyl reduction coupling method is used to synthesize a high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution ; S2. Take out the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution and introduce it into the glass tank, and add shale oil, carbon monoxide, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and olefins into the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbons one after another. Stir the liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution.
工作步骤；S1、将2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体加入反应釜内，并采用羰基还原偶联的方法，合成得到高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液；Working steps; S1. Add 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer into the reaction kettle, and use the carbonyl reduction coupling method to synthesize a high-density cage endotherm. Liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution;
S2、将高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液取出导入玻璃罐内，并将页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃陆续加入至高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液内进行搅拌。S2. Take out the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution and introduce it into the glass tank, and add shale oil, carbon monoxide, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and olefins into the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbons one after another. Stir the liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution.
综上所述，该吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，通过羰基还原偶联合成方法，可快速的进行燃料制作，所采用的原料为大宗化工品，来源广泛，易于获取，采用该方法获得的高密度热值吸热型液体碳氢燃料，主要成分为2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷和金刚烷烯烃二聚体的混合物，密度为0 .98~1 .01g/cm
3之间，冰点低于-20℃，热值为42.7~45.0MJ/kg，并且有比一般环状碳氢液体燃料更好的吸热性，可以满足冲压发动机对燃料的需求，是一种性能优良的笼型液体吸热型碳氢燃料。
In summary, the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method can be quickly produced through the carbonyl reduction coupling synthesis method. The raw materials used are bulk chemicals, which are widely sourced and easy to obtain. Using this The main component of the high-density heat-value endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel obtained by this method is a mixture of 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer, with a density of 0.98~1 .01g/ cm3 , the freezing point is lower than -20℃, the calorific value is 42.7~45.0MJ/kg, and it has better heat absorption than ordinary cyclic hydrocarbon liquid fuels, which can meet the fuel needs of ramjet engines. , is a cage-type liquid endothermic hydrocarbon fuel with excellent performance.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations are mutually exclusive. any such actual relationship or sequence exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also those not expressly listed other elements, or elements inherent to the process, method, article or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated element.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
- 一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体、页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃。An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: the required materials for the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel are as follows: 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, Adamantane Olefin Dimer, Shale Oil, Carbon Monoxide, Naphthenes, Aromatics, Hydrogen Sulfide, Alkanes and Alkenes.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述该吸热型液体碳氢燃料的所需材料配重份数如下：2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷10份、金刚烷烯烃二聚体15份、页岩油50份、一氧化碳15份、环烷烃10份、芳香烃15份、硫化氢15份、烷烃15份和烯烃10份。An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the required material weight portion of the endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows: 2-(2- 10 parts of cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane, 15 parts of adamantane olefin dimer, 50 parts of shale oil, 15 parts of carbon monoxide, 10 parts of cycloalkanes, 15 parts of aromatic hydrocarbons, 15 parts of hydrogen sulfide, 15 parts of alkanes and 10 parts of olefins.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述烷烃分子通式为C nH 2n+2，C 5~C 15为液体燃油的主要组成。烷类亦称石蜡族碳氢化合物，从C 5开始有正烷烃(直链结构)和异烷烃(侧链结构)之分。 An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the general formula of the alkane molecule is C n H 2n+2 , and C 5 to C 15 are the main components of the liquid fuel . Alkanes are also called paraffin hydrocarbons, starting from C 5 , they are divided into normal alkanes (linear structure) and isoalkanes (side chain structure).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：烯烃分子通式为C nH 2n。烯烃是不饱和烃，它们的分子结构中含的氢比最大可能的少，所以化学上是活泼的，很容易和很多化合物起反应，其化学稳定性和热安定性比烷烃差。在高温和催化作用下，容易转化成芳香族碳氢化合物。一般原油中含烯烃并不多，烯烃通常是由裂解过程产生的。直接分馏法得出的石油产品中含烯烃不多，在裂解法得出的油中，烯烃可以多到25%。 An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the general formula of olefin molecules is C n H 2n . Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Their molecular structures contain less hydrogen than the maximum possible, so they are chemically active and easily react with many compounds. Their chemical stability and thermal stability are worse than alkanes. Under high temperature and catalysis, it is easily converted into aromatic hydrocarbons. Generally, crude oil does not contain many olefins, which are usually produced by the cracking process. The petroleum products obtained by direct fractionation do not contain much olefins, while the oil obtained by cracking can contain up to 25% olefins.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：环烷烃是环状结构，含有一个或更多的6个碳原子的环状结构。虽然在结构上似乎与环烷烃有点类似，它们含的氢少，因而它们单位重量的热值低很多。其他主要的缺点是冒烟积碳的倾向很高，吸湿性高，所以当燃油处于低温时容易导致冰结晶的沉积。An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: cycloalkane is a cyclic structure containing one or more 6 carbon atoms. Although structurally they appear to be somewhat similar to cycloalkanes, they contain less hydrogen and thus their calorific value per unit weight is much lower. Other major disadvantages are the high tendency to smoke and carbon deposits and the high hygroscopicity, which can easily lead to the deposition of ice crystals when the fuel is at low temperatures.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：芳香烃对橡胶制品有很强的溶解能力。单环芳香烃的一般式为C nH 2n+5，更复杂的芳香烃可以是上述分子结构中一个氢原子由其他基所替代。 An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that aromatic hydrocarbons have a strong ability to dissolve rubber products. The general formula of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is C n H 2n+5 . More complex aromatic hydrocarbons can have one hydrogen atom in the above molecular structure replaced by other groups.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种吸热型液体碳氢燃料及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述该液体碳氢燃料的制备方法如下：An endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is as follows:S1、将2-(2-环丙基-乙烯基)-金刚烷、金刚烷烯烃二聚体加入反应釜内，并采用羰基还原偶联的方法，合成得到高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液；S1. Add 2-(2-cyclopropyl-vinyl)-adamantane and adamantane olefin dimer into the reactor, and use the carbonyl reduction coupling method to synthesize high-density cage-type endothermic liquid carbon. Hydrogen fuel stock solution;S2、将高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液取出导入玻璃罐内，并将页岩油、一氧化碳、环烷烃、芳香烃、硫化氢、烷烃和烯烃陆续加入至高密度笼型吸热型液体碳氢燃料原液内进行搅拌。S2. Take out the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution and introduce it into the glass tank, and add shale oil, carbon monoxide, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, alkanes and olefins into the high-density cage endothermic liquid hydrocarbons one after another. Stir the liquid hydrocarbon fuel stock solution.
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