WO2023239271A1 - Système de commande, engin de forage et procédé associé - Google Patents

Système de commande, engin de forage et procédé associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023239271A1
WO2023239271A1 PCT/SE2022/050573 SE2022050573W WO2023239271A1 WO 2023239271 A1 WO2023239271 A1 WO 2023239271A1 SE 2022050573 W SE2022050573 W SE 2022050573W WO 2023239271 A1 WO2023239271 A1 WO 2023239271A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rock
drilling
hole
blasting
parameter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2022/050573
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Oskar LUNDBERG
Anders Persson
Tommy EDETUN
Original Assignee
Epiroc Rock Drills Aktiebolag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epiroc Rock Drills Aktiebolag filed Critical Epiroc Rock Drills Aktiebolag
Priority to PCT/SE2022/050573 priority Critical patent/WO2023239271A1/fr
Publication of WO2023239271A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023239271A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterized by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/003—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by analysing drilling variables or conditions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C39/00—Devices for testing in situ the hardness or other properties of minerals, e.g. for giving information as to the selection of suitable mining tools

Definitions

  • Embodiments herein relate to a system and a method performed therein. In particular, embodiments herein relate to improving the ability to meet a desired specification.
  • a typical work sequence for rock blasting is that a hole pattern is planned, that holes are drilled in the rock in accordance with the hole pattern, that explosives are placed in the holes and that the explosives are detonated.
  • the resulting fragmented rocks e.g. blasting stones, are then transported away.
  • the fragmented rocks need to be further fragmented by crushing them to get a desired size.
  • Fragmentation equipment may handle fragmented rocks within a set size range. Both in the case when the fragmented rock is to be used directly and in the case when it is to be further fragmented, it is useful that the fragmented rocks are of the right size. This is to make it easier to plan, to increase the profitability and to meet the requirements for the end product.
  • a problem is that the fragmented rocks does not always have the right size.
  • rock blasting also results in vibrations and possibly also moving stones.
  • the present disclosure presents an improved viable solution of a system that handles rock blasting in an efficient manner.
  • An object of embodiments herein is to improve the ability to approach a desired target.
  • the object is achieved by a method performed by a system for determining one or more parameters to use for drilling a subsequent hole in a rock to approach a target.
  • a first hole is drilled in the rock.
  • the system collects data relating to the rock, which data is collected from a drill rig during drilling of the first hole in the rock.
  • the system further determines at least one drilling parameter, based on the collected data of the rock.
  • a second hole is then drilled in the rock using the at least one drilling parameter, thereby approaching the target.
  • Such a method enables starting with a drilling plan and improving the plan by collecting data with a drill rig and then use the data to adapt drilling parameters.
  • Such a method thus improves the ability to meet a desired specification, i.e. improves the ability to approach a desired target. This is due to that the collected data during drilling the first hole in a rock will be utilized for determining, e.g. adapting, the drilling parameters, such as a hole size, a hole depth and direction. The determined drilling parameters are then used for drilling a subsequent hole. It is also advantageous to use a drill rig for collecting the data as it may be dangerous for a human to perform this action.
  • data relating to the rock may be collected from a drill rig when pulling up the drill after the drilling of the first hole in the rock.
  • the drill may be used as a probe and consequently more data may be collected which further improves the ability to approach the desired target.
  • additional data relating to the rock may be collected from a probe, wherein the collected additional data may comprise information about a shock wave propagation, a chemical analysis and/or one or more physical properties of material flow from the drilling, and wherein determining the at least one drilling parameter may be based on the collected additional data of the rock.
  • At least one firing parameter may be determined based on the collected data of the rock.
  • at least one charging parameter may be determined based on the collected data of the rock. The at least one firing parameter and/or the at least one charging parameter may be used, together with the at least one drilling parameter, when blasting to approach the target. This is advantageous as further parameters may be determined, other than the drilling parameters. These may be used for simulating the blasting and drilling the second hole in the rock to approach the target may consequently be more accurate.
  • it may be determined whether the target is achieved, based on whether a result of a blasting fulfils one or more criteria, wherein the result of the blasting may be based on the determined first hole and the determined second hole, and wherein the criteria may be associated to a predicted blasting result.
  • the at least one drilling parameter when the result of the blasting does not fulfil the one or more criteria, the at least one drilling parameter may be adapted, until the one or more criteria are fulfilled, and when the result of the blasting does fulfil the one or more criteria, drilling the rock may be continued by using the determined at least one drilling parameter. This is advantageous as the drilling parameters will be improved and the drilling using the adapted parameters may continue until the target is achieved, which in turn further improves the ability to approach the desired target.
  • the at least one charging parameter and/or the at least one firing parameter may be adapted until the one or more criteria are fulfilled, and when the result of the blasting does fulfil the one or more criteria, drilling the rock may be continued by using the determined at least one drilling parameter, and blasted with the at least one charging parameter and/or the at least one firing parameter.
  • drilling the rock may be continued by using the determined at least one drilling parameter, and blasted with the at least one charging parameter and/or the at least one firing parameter.
  • the target may be related to one or more of: A size and/or a size distribution of one or more fragmented rocks, a reduction of ground vibrations, a reduction of blasting movements, a reduction of fly-rocks and a reduction of carbon dioxide emission.
  • the target may thus relate to different characteristics which makes the method more flexible and accurate.
  • the collected data of the rock and the target may be used as input to a calculation model, wherein the calculation model may determine a set of parameters to use when drilling the second hole. This will improve the simulation and result in more reliable results, which more reliable results may then be used to correct the placement subsequent holes.
  • At least one second drilling parameter may be determined based on the collected data of the rock and a third hole in the rock may be drilled using the at least one second drilling parameter.
  • the result of the blasting may be based on the determined first hole and the determined second hole.
  • the object is achieved by providing a system configured to determine one or more parameters to use for drilling a subsequent hole in a rock to approach a target.
  • the system is configured to drill a first hole in the rock.
  • the system is further configured to collect data relating to the rock, which data is collected from a drill rig during drilling of a first hole in the rock.
  • the system is further configured to determine at least one drilling parameter, based on the collected data of the rock.
  • the system is further configured to drill a second hole in the rock using the at least one drilling parameter, thereby approaching the target.
  • a drill rig comprising a system configured to determine one or more parameters to use for drilling a subsequent hole in a rock to approach a target.
  • Embodiments herein are based on the realization that the drill rig that drills the holes in the rock can be used for collecting data from drilling a first hole. This data may then be used to drill a second hole where also new data may be collected for e.g. correct placements of subsequent holes to approach the desired target.
  • Fig. 1a is a schematic overview according to embodiments herein;
  • Fig. 1b is a schematic overview illustrating an example scenario according to embodiments herein;
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart depicting a method performed by a system according to embodiments herein;
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram depicting a system according to embodiments herein.
  • Fig. 1a illustrates a schematic overview of embodiments herein comprising a system 10.
  • the system 10 comprises and controls a drill rig 20.
  • the system 10 may e.g. be a drill rig control system.
  • the system 10 is configured to determine one or more parameters based on a drilled first hole. The determined one or more parameters will be used for drilling a subsequent hole in a rock 30 to approach a target. The target is related to a subsequent blasting of the rock 30.
  • the system 10, may e.g. be a control system, which may be used for performing or partly performing the methods herein.
  • the system 10 may e.g. be located in a cloud 50. Collected data may be communicated from the drill rig 20 to the system 10 in the cloud 50, which then may send back updated data such as updated drilling parameters to the drill rig 20.
  • the system 10 may also be placed on the drill rig 20 and calculations are then made locally.
  • the system 10 may e.g. be a drill rig control system.
  • the method is for determining one or more parameters to use for drilling a subsequent hole in the rock 30 to approach the target.
  • a desired specification e.g. that a blasting stone meets the desired specification or a certain reduction of ground vibrations, etc.
  • an improved fragmentation simulation may be desirable.
  • reliable data about the rock 30 needs to be collected.
  • This collected data may then be used to improve a fragmentation simulation and result in more accurate results which may then be used for a subsequent hole's placement and drilling of the subsequent hole in the rock 30 to approach the desired result, e.g. target.
  • a desired result of a subsequent blasting there is a desired result of a subsequent blasting, and data is collected by the drill rig 20 while drilling a first hole. This collected data is then used to determine one or more parameters for the drilling of a second hole. This is to achieve, or at least to approach, the desired result after the blasting.
  • Action 101 A first hole is drilled in the rock 30. This is to enable the system 10 to collect data.
  • Data relating to the rock 30 can be collected.
  • the data is thus collected from the drill rig 20 during drilling of the first hole in the rock 30.
  • Data relating to the rock 30 may e.g., comprise one or more of: Rock mass characteristics, presence and/or amount of water, geology characteristics, jointing, geo-modelling, a wall stability, a hardness factor, a joint plane spacing rating and a joint plane orientation and/or angle.
  • the data relating to the rock 30 may further comprise presence and/or amount of material flow, which is the return drill flow and may also be referred to as drill cut flow, drill flow or material back flow.
  • the collected data of the rock 30 related to the first hole is used to determine at least one drilling parameter.
  • This drilling parameter will then be used when drilling a second hole in the rock 30.
  • the drilling parameters may e.g. comprise one or more of: A drilling pattern, a hole diameter, a hole depth, a hole deviation, an inclination of the rock 30, a subdrilling and a bench height.
  • Other parameters, such as charging parameters and firing parameters may also be used.
  • Charging parameters when used herein may comprise one or more of: A quantity of an explosive substance, a type of explosive substance, an explosive energy, a hole pattern design, a charging method, a charging design and a charging length.
  • Firing parameters may e.g., comprise one or more of: a detonator system, a delay time, a delay pattern, a cleaned face and a number of free faces.
  • additional data for the simulation by collecting data of the rock 30 with a probe.
  • the collected additional data may comprise information about a shock wave propagation, a chemical analysis and/or one or more physical properties of material flow from the drilling.
  • the at least one drilling parameter may then also be based on the collected additional data of the rock 30.
  • the data of the rock 30 may be collected as the drill is pulled out of the hole. In such embodiments, it may correspond to a probe, i.e. that when the drill is on the way down data may be collected via the drill rig 20, and on the way up, at least a part of the drill may act as a probe.
  • a second hole is then drilled in the rock 30 using the at least one drilling parameter and thereby approaching the target.
  • the target may be related to one or more of: A size and/or a size distribution of one or more fragmented rocks, a reduction of ground vibrations, a reduction of blasting movements, a reduction of fly-rocks and a reduction of carbon dioxide emission.
  • a size and/or a size distribution of one or more fragmented rocks As explosives emit carbon dioxide, reducing an amount of explosives may also reduce emissions.
  • the first hole and second hole may be at least a part of a hole pattern. However, the first hole and second hole do not necessarily have to be directly following each other, although they may be. There may be an initial hole pattern that is based on an initial simulation, collected data may be used in an updated simulation which in turn leads to an updated hole pattern.
  • the data is collected when drilling the first hole, which may lead to a first- and a second set of drilling parameters.
  • the first- and second set of drilling parameters may then be used when drilling the second hole and a third hole, respectively.
  • This may be expanded to also apply to more holes than three, for example all remaining holes in a hole pattern.
  • collected data from the first hole and the second hole may be used to determine parameters for drilling a third hole.
  • Action 201 The system 10, e.g. the drill rig 20, drills the first hole in the rock 30. This action relates to action 101 above.
  • Action 201a The system 10 collects data relating to the rock 30, which data is collected from the drill rig 20 during drilling of the first hole in the rock 30. This action relates to action 102 above.
  • Action 201b The system 10 may collect data relating to the rock 30, which data is collected from the drill rig 20 when pulling up a drill after the drilling of the first hole in the rock 30.
  • the system 10 may collect additional data relating to the rock 30, which additional data is collected from a probe, wherein the collected additional data may comprise information about a shock wave propagation, a chemical analysis and/or one or more physical properties of material flow from the drilling, and wherein determining the at least one drilling parameter may be based on the collected additional data of the rock.
  • Action 202 The system 10 determines the at least one drilling parameter, based on the collected data of the rock 30. This action relates to action 103 above.
  • the system 10 may determine at least one charging parameter, based on the collected data of the rock 30, wherein the at least one charging parameter may be used when blasting to approach the target.
  • Action 205 The system 10 drills the second hole in the rock 30 using the at least one drilling parameter, thereby approaching the target.
  • This action relates to action 104 above.
  • the first hole and the second hole may be at least a part of a hole pattern.
  • the target may be related to one or more of: a size and/or a size distribution of one or more fragmented rocks e.g. blasting stones, a reduction of ground vibrations, a reduction of blasting movements, a reduction of fly-rocks and a reduction of carbon dioxide emission.
  • the collected data of the rock 30 and the target may be used as input to a calculation model, and wherein the calculation model may determine a set of parameters to use when drilling the second hole.
  • the at least one charging parameter and/or the at least one firing parameter may be adapted, until the one or more criteria are fulfilled.
  • the drilling of the rock 30 may be continued by using the determined at least one drilling parameter, and blasted with the at least one charging parameter and/or at least one firing parameter.
  • Embodiments herein such as mentioned above will now be further described and exemplified.
  • the text below is applicable to and may be combined with any suitable embodiment described above.
  • Embodiments herein relate to collecting data with the drill rig 20, simulating with that collected data, and e.g. correcting subsequent holes.
  • the collected data may be used to refine the simulation, e.g. the result from the simulation, using e.g. a Machine Learning (ML) model and/or an Artificial Intelligence (Al) model.
  • ML Machine Learning
  • Al Artificial Intelligence
  • rock is blasted may be affected e.g., by its composition, the presence of cracks, and the properties of the cracks. Knowledge of this may affect the accuracy of the fragmentation simulation. However, it may be difficult to gather knowledge about shape and size of the blasting stones before the rock 30 is blasted.
  • the collected data may then be used by the system 10 to improve the fragmentation simulation and result in more reliable results.
  • the results may then be used to correct subsequent hole placements.
  • a more precise fragmentation analysis may be performed by the system 10. This may be used to correct e.g. the hole pattern, hole positions and/or explosive charges during ongoing work to achieve an improved method to ensure that the size of the stones after an explosion meets set specifications.
  • hole pattern e.g. hole image, hole positions and/or blasting planning may be further improved.
  • additional information about the rock 30 may be collected by the system 10, such as e.g.,: Seismic measurements of how waves generated during drilling propagate in the rock 30. These may typically take place at a place other than drilling. Seismic measurements of how waves generated during blasting propagate in the rock 30. These may typically take place at a distance from the blasting. Seismic measurements may be used to determine a position of the drill of the drill rig 20 more accurately. This may be performed by sending a probe into the hole to perform measurements with it. These measurements may, e.g., be about a composition of the rock 30 and a direction of the hole, etc.
  • the system 10 may analyse the blasting stone to measure the actual fragmentation distribution. This may be done visually, e.g., with a drone equipped with a camera or a static camera.
  • Typical borehole parameters may comprise one or more of: Hole diameter, drill pattern, hole depth, subdrilling, inclination, bench height and hole deviation.
  • Typical blasting, e.g. firing, parameters may comprise one or more of: Type of explosive, explosive energy, charging method, charge design, charge length, delay pattern and quantity of explosives.
  • the communication circuit C in the control system 10 thus comprises equipment configured for communication using a suitable protocol for the communication depending on the implementation.
  • the data communication link between the different parts of the system 10, e.g. between the drill rig 20 and the system 10 in the cloud 50 or locally on the drill rig 20, may for an example utilize one or a plurality of different types of wired links or wireless links, such as for example xDSL, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G TCP/IP, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, WiMax, WLL, PSTN, optical fibre or a combination thereof.
  • the solution is however not limited to any specific types of messages or protocols.
  • the system 10 may be adapted to communicate with a control centre or the like for determining one or more parameters to use for drilling the subsequent hole in the rock 30 to approach the target described herein.
  • the system 10 is further configured to drill the second hole in the rock 30 using the at least one drilling parameter, thereby approaching the target.
  • This operation may be performed by the drilling module 300A in the system 10, as illustrated in action 205.
  • the first hole and the second hole may be at least a part of a hole pattern.
  • the target may be related to one or more of: a size and/or a size distribution of one or more fragmented rocks, a reduction of ground vibrations, a reduction of blasting movements, a reduction of fly-rocks and a reduction of carbon dioxide emission.
  • the collected data of the rock 30 and the target may be used as input to a calculation model, and wherein the calculation model may determine a set of parameters to use when drilling the second hole.
  • the system 10 may further be configured to drill the third hole in the rock 30 using the at least one second drilling parameter.
  • the result of the blasting may be based on the determined first hole and the determined second hole. This operation may be performed by the drilling module 300A in the system 10, as illustrated in action 208.
  • the system 10 may further be configured to collect data relating to the rock 30, which data is collected from the drill rig 20 when pulling up the drill after the drilling of the first hole in the rock 30. This operation may be performed by the collecting module 300B in the system 10, as illustrated in action 201b.
  • the system 10 is configured to determine the at least one drilling parameter, based on the collected data of the rock. This operation may be performed by a determining module 300C in the system 10, as illustrated in action 202.
  • the system 10 may further be configured to determine whether the target is achieved, based on whether the result of the blasting fulfils the one or more criteria, wherein the result of the blasting may be based on the determined first hole and the determined second hole, and wherein the criteria may be associated to the predicted blasting result.
  • This operation may be performed by the determining module 300C in the system 10, as illustrated in action 206.
  • the at least one drilling parameter may be adapted, until the one or more criteria are fulfilled, and when the result of the blasting does fulfil the one or more criteria, drilling the rock 30 may be continued by using the determined at least one drilling parameter.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates various functional modules in the system 10 and the skilled person is able to implement these functional modules in practice using suitable software and hardware equipment.
  • the solution is generally not limited to the shown structure of the system 10, and the functional modules therein may be configured to operate according to any of the features, examples and embodiments described in this disclosure, where appropriate.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé réalisé par un système (10) pour la détermination d'un ou de plusieurs paramètres à utiliser pour le forage d'un trou ultérieur dans une roche pour s'approcher d'une cible, la cible se rapportant à un dynamitage ultérieur de la roche (30). Le système (10) fore un premier trou dans la roche (30). Le système collecte des données se rapportant à la roche (30), lesquelles données sont collectées à partir d'un engin de forage (20) pendant le forage d'un premier trou dans la roche (30). Le système (10) détermine au moins un paramètre de forage, sur la base des données collectées de la roche (30). Le système (10) fore un second trou dans la roche (30) à l'aide de l'au moins un paramètre de forage, ce qui permet ainsi de s'approcher de la cible.
PCT/SE2022/050573 2022-06-10 2022-06-10 Système de commande, engin de forage et procédé associé WO2023239271A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/SE2022/050573 WO2023239271A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2022-06-10 Système de commande, engin de forage et procédé associé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2022/050573 WO2023239271A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2022-06-10 Système de commande, engin de forage et procédé associé

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003089758A1 (fr) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-30 Hutchinson Mark W Systeme et procede d'interpretation de donnees de forage
WO2011094817A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 The University Of Sydney Mesures de propriétés de roche en cours de forage
WO2012125139A1 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-20 Landmark Graphics Corporation Procédés et systèmes d'estimation de paramètres de formation
US20180010437A1 (en) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-11 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Methods and systems for estimating the hardness of a rock mass
US20220003115A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-01-06 Hypertunnel Ip Limited Method and system of constructing an underground tunnel
WO2022016207A1 (fr) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Orica Australia Pty Ltd Conception d'explosion

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003089758A1 (fr) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-30 Hutchinson Mark W Systeme et procede d'interpretation de donnees de forage
WO2011094817A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 The University Of Sydney Mesures de propriétés de roche en cours de forage
WO2012125139A1 (fr) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-20 Landmark Graphics Corporation Procédés et systèmes d'estimation de paramètres de formation
US20180010437A1 (en) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-11 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Methods and systems for estimating the hardness of a rock mass
US20220003115A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2022-01-06 Hypertunnel Ip Limited Method and system of constructing an underground tunnel
WO2022016207A1 (fr) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Orica Australia Pty Ltd Conception d'explosion

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