WO2023238571A1 - ブロック生成方法、ブロック生成装置、及び、プログラム - Google Patents

ブロック生成方法、ブロック生成装置、及び、プログラム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023238571A1
WO2023238571A1 PCT/JP2023/017377 JP2023017377W WO2023238571A1 WO 2023238571 A1 WO2023238571 A1 WO 2023238571A1 JP 2023017377 W JP2023017377 W JP 2023017377W WO 2023238571 A1 WO2023238571 A1 WO 2023238571A1
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Prior art keywords
block generation
block
power
amount
power consumption
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2023/017377
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
綾香 中坂
淳児 道山
勇二 海上
格也 山本
基司 大森
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Corp of America
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Corp of America
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Priority to JP2024526304A priority Critical patent/JPWO2023238571A1/ja
Priority to CN202380044690.8A priority patent/CN119325587A/zh
Publication of WO2023238571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023238571A1/ja
Priority to US18/955,241 priority patent/US20250085762A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
    • G06F1/3209—Monitoring remote activity, e.g. over telephone lines or network connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G06F1/3287—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by switching off individual functional units in the computer system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32—Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
    • G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
    • G06F1/3293—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by switching to a less power-consuming processor, e.g. sub-CPU
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a block generation method, a block generation device, and a program.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technology that uses PoW (Proof of Work) to generate blocks of a blockchain.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a block generation method etc. that can adjust the amount of power consumption required for the process of adding a block to a blockchain in accordance with power saving requests.
  • a block generation method is a block generation method using a block generation device that generates blocks of a blockchain, and includes a request to save power required for generation processing related to generation of the block in the block generation device.
  • Transaction data is acquired, and the generation process is executed with an amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the amount of power consumption required for the process of adding a block to the blockchain can be adjusted in accordance with a power saving request.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the block generation device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in the management system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in a management system according to a modification of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a block generation device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a table showing an example of difficulty level information.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the block generation device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving
  • FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in the management system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a management system according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the blockchain.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of transaction data.
  • the present inventors realized that a mechanism to reduce the power consumption of the entire blockchain system network is necessary. I came across this. In other words, the present inventors have discovered a block generation method and the like that can adjust the amount of power consumption required for the process of adding a block to a blockchain in accordance with a request for power saving, as shown below.
  • a block generation method is a block generation method using a block generation device that generates blocks of a blockchain, and the block generation method includes a request for saving power required for generation processing related to generation of the block in the block generation device.
  • transaction data including the transaction data, and executes the generation process with a power consumption amount that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the generation process can be executed to satisfy the power saving request. Therefore, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be reduced.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the first aspect, further comprising a method in which the block generation device has a first authority to add a new block to the blockchain. The generation process is started when it is determined that the block generation device has the first authority.
  • a block generation method is a block generation method according to the second aspect, in which the generation process is started when the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumption.
  • a block generation device that can perform generation processing with an amount of power consumption that satisfies power saving requirements can add a new block to the blockchain. Therefore, since the block generation device that can reduce power consumption executes the generation process, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be effectively reduced.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the third aspect, in which the determination further includes (i) determining the amount of power consumption required for the generation process based on the power saving request; A target value and a predicted amount of power consumption that is predicted to be required for the generation process are calculated, and (ii) if the predicted amount of power consumption is less than or equal to the target value, the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumed. It is determined that
  • a block generation device that can reduce the predicted amount of power consumption required for the generation process below the target value of power consumption can add a new block to the blockchain. Therefore, since the block generation device that can reduce power consumption executes the generation process, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be effectively reduced.
  • a block generation method is a block generation method according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein in the determination, the power consumption amount is If the generation process is executable, it is determined whether the block generation device has a second authority to add a new block to the blockchain, and the generation process is performed when the block generation device has the first authority and the second authority to add a new block to the blockchain. If it is determined that the user has the second authority and the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumed, the generation process is started.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the fifth aspect, wherein the block generation device having the second authority has the first authority and the consumption
  • the block generation device is randomly determined from one or more block generation devices that can execute the generation process using the amount of power.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the first aspect, further adjusting the difficulty level of mining based on the power saving request, and performing the generation process after the adjustment. is executed based on the difficulty level of the mining.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the seventh aspect, wherein the transaction data further includes a difficulty level indicating a relationship between the power saving request and the mining difficulty level.
  • the difficulty level of mining is adjusted based on the power saving request and the difficulty level information.
  • a block generation method is the block generation method according to the eighth aspect, wherein in the adjustment, the difficulty level is set to The higher the amount, the lower the adjustment.
  • the amount of power consumed by the block generation device can be reduced in accordance with the amount of power supply shortage in the area where the block generation device is located.
  • a block generation method is a block generation method according to the eighth aspect or the ninth aspect, wherein the difficulty level information is a block generation method according to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, in which the difficulty level information If the amount of power supply is insufficient, the amount of decrease in the difficulty level of mining is shown, and if the amount of power supply is not insufficient, the amount of increase in the difficulty level of mining is shown.
  • the amount of power consumed by the block generation device can be adjusted depending on whether or not there is a shortage of power supply to the area where the block generation device is located.
  • a block generation device is a block generation device that generates blocks of a blockchain, and the block generation device includes transaction data including a power saving request for power required for generation processing related to generation of the block in the block generation device. and a block generation unit that executes the generation process with an amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the generation process can be executed to satisfy the power saving request. Therefore, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be reduced.
  • a program according to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure is a program for causing a computer to execute a block generation method according to any one of the first to tenth aspects.
  • a management system includes a plurality of nodes and manages a first blockchain on a first distributed ledger of each node.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to the first embodiment.
  • the management system 1 includes, for example, block generation devices 100a to 100c, a power measurement terminal 200, and a management device 300.
  • the management system 1 is a computer system for managing the amount of power consumed by the block generation devices 100a to 100c for processing from generating blocks to adding the generated blocks to the blockchain.
  • the block generation devices 100a to 100c, the power measurement terminal 200, and the management device 300 may all be connected to each other via a network, all may be directly connected to each other for communication, or some may be connected to each other via a network. and some other parts may be directly connected for communication.
  • the network is, for example, the Internet, a mobile phone carrier network, etc., but may be composed of any communication line or network.
  • the block generation devices 100a to 100c are a group of nodes that constitute a blockchain network constructed using distributed database technology.
  • the blockchain network constituted by block generation devices 100a to 100c may be of any type: public type, private type, or consortium type.
  • each of the block generation devices 100a to 100c is also referred to as the block generation device 100, but the block generation devices 100a to 100c may also be referred to as block generation devices A to C.
  • the block generation devices 100a to 100c and the power measurement terminal 200 are provided in a common building 10, and the power measurement terminal 200 measures the amount of power consumed by the block generation devices 100a to 100c in the building 10. Note that the power measurement terminal 200 only needs to be connected to the block generation devices 100a to 100c so as to be able to measure the power consumption of the block generation devices 100a to 100c, and does not need to be provided in the common building 10.
  • the management device 300 is provided in a blockchain system management entity such as an electric power company or a mining operator, and controls the amount of electricity in the building 10 according to the amount of power generated by the equipment of the power company (that is, the amount of power supplied).
  • a power saving request for adjusting power consumption is transmitted to the power measurement terminal 200. That is, when the management device 300 determines that the amount of power supplied will be less than the predicted amount of power consumption, it transmits a power saving request to the power measurement terminal 200 of each building 10 requesting to reduce the amount of power consumption, To prevent the amount of power supplied from being insufficient compared to the amount of power consumed. In this manner, the management device 300 performs demand response to balance the demand and supply of power by adjusting the amount of power consumed within the building 10 in accordance with fluctuations in the power demand within the building 10.
  • the block generation device 100 will be explained below.
  • the block generation device 100 is one of the block generation devices 100a to 100c. Among the block generation devices 100a to 100c, block generation devices other than this one block generation device 100 are referred to as other block generation devices 100. In this embodiment, a plurality of other block generation devices 100 will be described. Therefore, in the following, when the other block generation device 100 is simply referred to as another block generation device 100, it indicates that the other block generation device 100 is a plurality of other block generation devices 100. Note that the number of other block generation devices 100 is not limited to a plurality of devices, and may be one.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the block generation device according to the first embodiment.
  • the block generation device 100 has a function of generating blocks of a blockchain. As shown in FIG. 2, the block generation device 100 includes a communication section 101, a block generation section 102, a determination section 103, and a distributed ledger 104.
  • the block generation device 100 can be realized by a processor executing a predetermined program using memory. Each component will be explained below.
  • the communication unit 101 exchanges data with the power measurement terminal 200. For example, the communication unit 101 transmits the amount of power received by the block generation device 100 to the power measurement terminal 200. The communication unit 101 also acquires transaction data including a power saving request for power required for generation processing related to block generation in the block generation device 100 from the power measurement terminal 200. Furthermore, the communication unit 101 transmits the amount of power consumption in the block generation device 100 to the power measurement terminal 200.
  • the communication unit 101 may exchange data with other block generation devices 100.
  • the communication unit 101 transmits and receives one or more transaction data to and from other block generation devices 100 in a consensus algorithm. Further, the communication unit 101 may exchange data with devices (terminals) other than the power measurement terminal 200 and other block generation devices 100.
  • the communication unit 101 communicates with the power measurement terminal 200 and other block generation devices 100.
  • this communication may be performed using TLS (Transport Layer Security), and the encryption key for TLS communication may be held in the communication unit 101.
  • TLS Transport Layer Security
  • the communication unit 101 is an example of an acquisition unit.
  • the block generation unit 102 executes generation processing related to generation of blocks of the blockchain.
  • the block generating unit 102 attempts to execute the generation process with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the block generation unit 102 executes generation processing using PoS.
  • the generation process is, for example, all or part of the process from generating a block of a blockchain to adding the block to the blockchain.
  • a node (validator node) that will generate the next block (new block) is selected based on the amount of voting rights it has in the blockchain network. For example, nodes that own more tokens (staking tokens) have more voting rights and the opportunity to create more blocks. This ensures the security of the blockchain and makes the process of generating blocks efficient.
  • Validator nodes validate and approve transaction data, then generate blocks and add the generated blocks to the blockchain.
  • the generation process by the block generation unit 102 is started after execution of the generation process is permitted as a result of the determination by the determination unit 103.
  • the determination unit 103 determines whether the block generation device 100 has the first authority to add a new block to the blockchain.
  • the first authority is, for example, the authority for the block generation device 100 to become a validator node. Specifically, the first authority is given to the block generation device 100 that holds a certain amount of tokens (staking tokens), and is promoted to a validator node. In other words, the block generation device 100 can be promoted to a validator node by remitting tokens of a certain amount or more to a predetermined smart contract.
  • Validator nodes have the authority to generate and approve blocks by lottery in exchange for the obligation to generate blocks. Validator nodes are responsible for generating blocks, so if a block cannot be generated, a penalty is given.
  • the determination unit 103 determines whether the generation process in the block generation device 100 can be executed with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request. Specifically, the determination unit 103 (i) calculates the target value of the amount of power consumption required for the generation process and the predicted amount of power consumption required for the generation process based on the power saving request, and (ii) If the predicted power consumption is less than or equal to the target value, it is determined that the generation process can be executed with the power consumption that satisfies the power saving request. In addition, the determination unit 103 further determines whether the block generation device 100 has the second authority to add a new block to the blockchain, if the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request. .
  • the block generation device 100 having the second authority is randomly determined from among the one or more block generation devices 100 that have the first authority and are capable of executing generation processing with an amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • a predetermined number of block generation devices 100 may be determined as block generation devices 100 having the second authority.
  • the predetermined number is, for example, a number smaller than the number of all block generation devices 100 that constitute the blockchain system.
  • the distributed ledger 104 stores blockchain.
  • FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in the management system according to the first embodiment.
  • the block generation device A determines whether the block generation device A has the first authority (S101).
  • block generation device A determines that it has the first authority (Yes in S101), it is promoted to a validator node (S102). If it is determined that the block generation device A does not have the first authority (No in S101), the block generation device A ends the generation process because it does not have the authority to generate the block.
  • each of the block generation device B and the block generation device C executes the processing of steps S101 and S102.
  • block generation devices A to C will be described as having the first authority.
  • the block generation devices A to C establish communication with the power measurement terminal 200 and notify the power measurement terminal 200 of the amount of power received by each device (S103).
  • the amount of received power is the amount of power (that is, the amount of power consumed) currently used by each of the block generation devices A to C.
  • the management device 300 determines whether the power demand in the blockchain system is less than the power supply (S104), and if the power demand is less than the power supply (Yes in S104), there is a shortage.
  • a power saving request for saving the amount of power is transmitted to the power measurement terminal 200 (S105).
  • the power saving request may include a shortage amount in the blockchain system, or may include a target value of power consumption amount obtained by subtracting the shortage amount from the current power consumption amount.
  • the block generation devices A to C notify the power consumption amount to the power measurement terminal 200 (S106). Thereby, the power measurement terminal 200 obtains the amount of power consumption required for the generation process in each of the block generation devices A to C.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 calculates a power saving target value based on the power saving request from the management device 300 and the amount of power consumption required for the generation process in each block generating device A to C (S107).
  • the power saving target value is a target value of power consumption, and is a target value that can satisfy the power saving request from the management device 300 if the generation process can be executed with the power consumption less than or equal to the target value.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 transmits transaction data including a power saving request including a power saving target value to each block generation device A to C (S108).
  • steps S103, S106, and S108 are processes targeted at the Validator node, and are not executed by a block generation device that is not a Validator node.
  • Each of the block generation devices A to C determines whether the power saving target value can be achieved (S109). That is, each of the block generation devices A to C determines whether the generation process in the block generation device 100 can be executed with a power consumption amount that satisfies the power saving request. For example, each of block generation devices A to C can reduce power consumption to meet power saving requirements by reducing power consumption of block generation processing itself or reducing processing other than block generation processing. Determine whether or not.
  • the power consumption of the block generation process itself may be reduced, for example, by switching the processor assigned to execute the block generation process to a processor that is optimal in terms of power consumption. For example, the processor assigned to execute block generation processing may be switched from GPU to CPU.
  • Reduction of processing other than block generation processing is, for example, processing of putting software unrelated to block generation processing to sleep or terminating it, or reducing the operation of hardware of the block generation device.
  • the hardware is, for example, a cooling fan, and by controlling the cooling fan to suppress the number of rotations of the fan, the operation of the hardware can be suppressed.
  • each of the block generation devices A to C determines whether or not it has the second authority (S110).
  • each block generation device A to C If it is determined that each of the block generation devices A to C has the second authority (Yes in S110), each block generation device A to C generates and approves a block with a power consumption amount that satisfies the power saving request (S111). For example, block generation device A generates a block and transmits the generated block to block generation devices B and C. After approval between block generators A to C, the block is connected to the blockchain. This adds the generated block to the blockchain.
  • the added block may include transaction data including a power saving request and transaction data including the amount of power consumption required for generation processing.
  • the block generating device selected by lottery among the block generating devices A to C generates transaction data including a power saving request and transaction data including the amount of power consumption required for the generating process, and generates transaction data including the generated transaction data. Execute the process of adding to the block.
  • the block generation devices A to C may display the amount of power consumption required for the generation process on a display included in the management system 1.
  • each of the block generation devices A to C performs the generation process when it is determined that the power saving target value cannot be achieved (No in S109) or when it is determined that the block generation devices do not have the second authority (No in S110). end.
  • step S111 the block generating device that has generated the block among the block generating devices A to C obtains a reward for generating the block from the blockchain system (S112).
  • each block generation device A to C has an incentive to be promoted to a validator node. Therefore, the validator nodes compete to reduce power consumption, and it is possible to more effectively adjust the generation process based on power saving requests.
  • the block generation device 100 of the management system 1 performs the block generation method for generating blocks of a blockchain as described below.
  • the block generation device 100 acquires transaction data including a power saving request for power required for generation processing related to block generation in the block generation device 100 (S108).
  • the block generation device 100 executes a generation process related to block generation with an amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request (S111).
  • the generation process can be executed to satisfy the power saving request. Therefore, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be reduced.
  • the block generation device 100 of the management system 1 further determines whether the block generation device 100 has the first authority to add a new block to the blockchain (S101).
  • the generation process in the block generation method is started when it is determined that the block generation device 100 has the first authority.
  • the generation process is started when the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • a block generation device that can perform generation processing with an amount of power consumption that satisfies power saving requirements can add a new block to the blockchain. Therefore, since the block generation device that can reduce power consumption executes the generation process, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be effectively reduced.
  • the determination further includes (i) a target value of the amount of power consumption required for the generation process based on the power saving request and a predicted amount of power consumption expected to be required for the generation process; (ii) If the predicted power consumption is less than or equal to the target value, it is determined that the generation process can be executed with the power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • a block generation device that can reduce the predicted amount of power consumption required for the generation process below the target value of power consumption can add a new block to the blockchain. Therefore, since the block generation device that can reduce power consumption executes the generation process, the power consumption of the entire blockchain system can be effectively reduced.
  • the block generation device 100 in the determination, if the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request, the block generation device 100 adds a new block to the blockchain. It is determined whether the user has authority (S110). The generation process is started when it is determined that the block generation device 100 has the first authority and the second authority, and when the generation process can be executed with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the block generation device 100 having the second authority has one or more blocks having the first authority and capable of executing the generation process with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the block generation device 100 is randomly determined.
  • each of the block generation devices A to C determines the validator node that executes block generation and approval, but the power measurement terminal 200 may also perform the determination.
  • FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in a management system according to a modification of the first embodiment.
  • Steps S101 to S105 are the same as those in the sequence diagram according to the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.
  • the power measuring terminal 200 Upon receiving the power saving request from the management device 300, the power measuring terminal 200 transmits transaction data including a power saving request based on the received power saving request to each block generating device A to C (S121). This transaction data is the same as the transaction data described as being transmitted in step S108.
  • each block generation device A to C Upon receiving the power saving request from the power measurement terminal 200, each block generation device A to C notifies the power measurement terminal 200 of the amount of power consumption required for the generation process (S122). This process is the same as step S106.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 determines a validator node from among the block generation devices A to C by comparing the amount of power consumed in each of the block generation devices A to C with the target value included in the power saving request (S123). .
  • block generation device A is determined as a validator node
  • block generation devices B and C are not determined as validator nodes.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 transmits a validator request to request block generation device A, which has been determined as a validator node, to maintain authority as a validator node (S124), and block generation device B, which has not been determined as a validator node, , sends a demotion request to request C not to have authority as a validator node (to be demoted from the validator node) (S125).
  • the block generation device A that received the Validator request maintains the authority as a Validator node (S126), and the block generation devices B and C that received the demotion request are demoted from the Validator node and have the authority as a Validator node. It becomes a node that does not exist (S127).
  • the block generation device A determines whether it has the second authority (S128).
  • the block generation device A determines that it has the second authority (Yes in S128), it generates and approves the block (S129). This adds the generated block to the blockchain.
  • the added block may include transaction data including a power saving request and transaction data including the amount of power consumption required for generation processing.
  • block generation device A determines that it does not have the second authority (No in S128), it ends the generation process.
  • step S129 block generation device A obtains a reward for block generation from the blockchain system (S130).
  • each block generation device A to C has an incentive to be promoted to a validator node. Therefore, the validator nodes compete to reduce power consumption, and it is possible to more effectively adjust the generation process based on power saving requests.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a block generation device according to the second embodiment.
  • the block generation device 500 has a function of generating blocks of a blockchain. As shown in FIG. 5, the block generation device 500 includes a communication section 501, a block generation section 502, an adjustment section 503, and a distributed ledger 504.
  • the block generation device 500 can be realized by a processor executing a predetermined program using memory. Block generation device 500 is used instead of block generation device 100 of the first embodiment. Each component will be explained below.
  • the communication unit 501 exchanges data with the power measurement terminal 200. For example, the communication unit 501 transmits the amount of power received by the block generation device 500 to the power measurement terminal 200.
  • the communication unit 501 also acquires transaction data including a power saving request for power required for generation processing related to block generation in the block generation device 500 from the power measurement terminal 200.
  • the transaction data may further include difficulty level information (see FIG. 6) indicating the relationship between the power saving request and the mining difficulty level.
  • the communication unit 501 transmits the amount of power consumed in the block generation device 500 to the power measurement terminal 200.
  • the communication unit 501 may exchange data with other block generation devices 500.
  • the communication unit 501 transmits and receives one or more transaction data to and from other block generation devices 500 in a consensus algorithm.
  • the communication unit 501 may exchange data with devices (terminals) other than the power measurement terminal 200 and other block generation devices 500.
  • the communication unit 501 communicates with the power measurement terminal 200 and other block generation devices 500. Note that this communication may be performed using TLS (Transport Layer Security), and the encryption key for TLS communication may be held in the communication unit 501.
  • TLS Transport Layer Security
  • the block generation unit 502 executes generation processing related to generation of blocks of the blockchain.
  • the block generating unit 502 attempts to execute the generation process with the amount of power consumption that satisfies the power saving request.
  • the block generation unit 502 executes generation processing using PoW.
  • the generation process is, for example, all or part of the process from generating a block of a blockchain to adding the block to the blockchain.
  • PoW is an algorithm in which nodes (computers) on a blockchain network competitively solve a problem to prove it in order to generate a new block in a distributed ledger.
  • nodes on the network input a certain number of values (Nonce) and use the numbers to perform a hash function.
  • mining is performed by repeating trial and error until the hash value becomes a value smaller than a threshold value corresponding to the difficulty level (mining difficulty level).
  • the mining difficulty level is adjusted by an adjustment unit 503, which will be described later, and the block generation unit 502 executes a generation process based on the adjusted mining difficulty level.
  • the adjustment unit 503 adjusts the mining difficulty level based on the power saving request. Specifically, the adjustment unit 503 adjusts the difficulty level of mining based on the power saving request and the difficulty level information.
  • FIG. 6 is a table showing an example of difficulty level information.
  • the management system 1 may include a display, and may display difficulty level information on the display.
  • the difficulty level information is information in which the power usage rate, the amount of power supply shortage, and the level of difficulty reduction are associated. Difficulty level information does not need to be associated with power usage rate.
  • the power supply shortage is, for example, the ratio (percentage) of the shortage calculated by subtracting the power supply from the power demand with respect to the power supply. If the power supply shortage is 30%, the degree of difficulty reduction can be calculated to be 2.0%.
  • the degree of difficulty reduction is the amount of decrease from the current difficulty level when the current difficulty level is 100%.If it is 2.0%, the difficulty level after adjustment is 98% of the current difficulty level. Difficulty level. Furthermore, if the power shortage is 10%, the degree of difficulty reduction can be calculated to be 0.5%.
  • the adjustment unit 503 adjusts the difficulty level of mining based on the difficulty level reduction range that is associated with the power supply shortage amount included in the power saving request in the difficulty level information.
  • the adjustment unit 503 may adjust the difficulty level of mining to be lower as the amount of power supply shortage to the area where the block generation device 500 is present is greater. This is because the lower the difficulty level of mining, the lower the amount of power consumption required for mining.
  • the difficulty level information indicates the degree of reduction in the difficulty level of mining when the amount of power supply to the area where the block generation device 500 is present is insufficient, and the degree of decrease in the difficulty level of mining when the amount of power supply is not insufficient. It may also indicate the degree of increase.
  • the distributed ledger 504 stores blockchain.
  • FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example of a generation process in response to a power saving request in the management system according to the second embodiment.
  • the block generation devices A to C establish communication with the power measurement terminal 200 and notify the power measurement terminal 200 of the amount of power received by each device (S201).
  • the management device 300 determines whether the power demand in the blockchain system is less than the power supply (S202), and if the power demand is less than the power supply (Yes in S202), there is a shortage.
  • a power saving request for saving the amount of power is transmitted to the power measurement terminal 200 (S203).
  • the power saving request may include a shortage amount in the blockchain system, or may include a target value of power consumption amount obtained by subtracting the shortage amount from the current power consumption amount.
  • the block generation devices A to C notify the power consumption amount to the power measurement terminal 200 (S204). Thereby, the power measurement terminal 200 obtains the amount of power consumption required for the generation process in each of the block generation devices A to C.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 calculates a power saving target value based on the power saving request from the management device 300 and the amount of power consumption required for generation processing in each block generating device A to C (S205).
  • the power saving target value is a target value of power consumption, and is a target value that can satisfy the power saving request from the management device 300 if the generation process can be executed with the power consumption less than or equal to the target value.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 transmits transaction data including a power saving request including a power saving target value to each block generation device A to C (S206).
  • Each of the block generation devices A to C lowers the mining difficulty level in response to the power saving request (S207).
  • Each of the block generation devices A to C performs mining at a lower difficulty level and generates a block (S208).
  • the block generation devices A to C display at least one of the current mining difficulty level, the amount of increase or decrease in the mining difficulty level, and the mining difficulty level when the block was generated on a display provided in the management system 1. It may be displayed.
  • Each of the block generation devices A to C approves the generated block and adds the approved block to the blockchain of the distributed ledger 104 that each has (S209).
  • the management device 300 determines whether the power demand in the blockchain system is less than the power supply (S210), and if the power demand is greater than or equal to the power supply (No in S210), the management device 300 determines whether or not the power demand in the blockchain system is less than the power supply.
  • a recovery request to cancel the request is transmitted to the power measurement terminal 200 (S211).
  • the restoration request includes a request to stop the process for reducing power consumption due to the power saving request and execute the original process.
  • the power measurement terminal 200 transmits transaction data including a recovery request to each block generation device A to C (S212).
  • Each of the block generation devices A to C increases the mining difficulty level in response to the recovery request (S213). In other words, the difficulty level of mining is returned to the level before it was lowered in response to the power saving request. Then, each of the block generation devices A to C performs mining at the increased difficulty level, generates blocks, and approves the generated blocks.
  • the block generation method by the block generation device 500 according to the present embodiment adjusts the difficulty level of mining based on the power saving request (S207).
  • the generation process is executed based on the adjusted mining difficulty level.
  • the transaction data further includes difficulty level information indicating the relationship between the power saving request and the mining difficulty level.
  • difficulty level information indicating the relationship between the power saving request and the mining difficulty level.
  • the difficulty level is adjusted to be lower as the shortage of power supply to the areas where the block generation devices A to C are present is greater.
  • the amount of power consumed by the block generation devices A to C can be reduced in accordance with the amount of power supply shortage in the area where the block generation devices A to C are located.
  • the difficulty level information indicates the degree of decrease in the difficulty level of mining when the amount of power supply to the area where the block generation devices A to C are present is insufficient; Indicates the increase in mining difficulty when there is no shortage of power supply.
  • the amount of power consumed by the block generation devices A to C can be adjusted depending on whether or not there is a shortage of power supply to the area where the block generation devices A to C are located.
  • the difficulty level of mining is determined by each of the block generation devices A to C, but the difficulty level of mining is not limited to this, and may be determined by the power measurement terminal 200.
  • the mining difficulty determined by the power measurement terminal 200 is notified to each block generation device A to C, and each block generation device A to C performs mining according to the mining difficulty determined by the power measurement terminal 200.
  • Block generation processing may also be executed.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a management system according to another embodiment.
  • the management system 1A includes block generation devices 110a to 110c and a power measurement terminal 210 provided in the building 11, in addition to block generation devices 100a to 100c and a power measurement terminal 200 provided in the building 10. It's okay.
  • the management system 1A may further include a power measurement terminal 220 connected to the power measurement terminals 200 and 210.
  • the block generation devices 110a to 110c and the power measurement terminal 210 have the same functions as the block generation devices 100a to 100c and the power measurement terminal 200, respectively.
  • the power measurement terminal 220 acquires information regarding the power consumption in the block generation devices 100a to 100c and 110a to 110c from the power measurement terminals 200 and 210. Further, the power measurement terminal 220 may receive a power saving request from the management device 300, transmit a power saving request for the building 10 to the power measuring terminal 200, and transmit a power saving request for the building 11 to the power measuring terminal 210. .
  • the information acquired, generated, and output by the management system 1 or the management system 1A may be stored in the blockchain.
  • the method in the above embodiment may be realized by a smart contract.
  • a smart contract By executing a smart contract, a predetermined program is automatically executed without the intervention of another person or other system. Therefore, a series of processes can be realized with even higher security using smart contracts.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the blockchain.
  • a blockchain is a chain of blocks, which are its recording units. Each block has a plurality of transaction data and a hash value of the immediately previous block. Specifically, block B2 includes the hash value of the previous block B1. Then, a hash value calculated from the plurality of transaction data included in block B2 and the hash value of block B1 is included in block B3 as the hash value of block B2. In this way, by connecting blocks in a chain while including the contents of the previous block as a hash value, falsification of recorded transaction data is effectively prevented.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of transaction data.
  • the transaction data shown in FIG. 10 includes a transaction body P1 and a digital signature P2.
  • the transaction body P1 is the data body included in the transaction data.
  • the digital signature P2 is a digital signature generated using the signature key of the creator of the transaction data on the hash value of the transaction body P1. More specifically, the digital signature P2 is a digital signature that is generated using the signature key of the creator of the transaction data. It is generated by encrypting it with the person's private key. ECDSA, CRYSTALS-DILITHIUM, FALCON, SPHINCS+, etc. may be used as means for implementing the digital signature.
  • the transaction data Since the transaction data has the digital signature P2, it is virtually impossible to tamper with it. This is because, if the transaction data is tampered with, verification using the digital signature P2 will fail, and it will become clear that the transaction data has been tampered with. This prevents falsification of the transaction body P1.
  • Each device in the above embodiments is specifically a computer system composed of a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, hard disk unit, display unit, keyboard, mouse, etc.
  • a computer program is recorded in the RAM or hard disk unit.
  • Each device achieves its function by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program.
  • a computer program is configured by combining a plurality of instruction codes indicating instructions to a computer in order to achieve a predetermined function.
  • system LSI Large Scale Integration
  • a system LSI is a super-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating multiple components onto a single chip, and specifically, it is a computer system that includes a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, etc. .
  • a computer program is recorded in the RAM.
  • the system LSI achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program.
  • each of the constituent elements constituting each of the above devices may be individually integrated into one chip, or may be integrated into one chip so as to include some or all of them.
  • system LSI Although it is referred to as a system LSI here, it may also be called an IC, LSI, super LSI, or ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration. Further, the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI, and may be implemented using a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor.
  • An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connections and settings of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
  • each of the above devices may be configured from an IC card or a single module that is removably attached to each device.
  • the IC card or the module is a computer system composed of a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, etc.
  • the IC card or the module may include the super-multifunctional LSI described above.
  • the IC card or the module achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to a computer program. This IC card or this module may be tamper resistant.
  • the present disclosure may be the method described above. Moreover, it may be a computer program that implements these methods by a computer, or it may be a digital signal composed of the computer program.
  • the present disclosure also provides the computer program or the digital signal on a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disk, hard disk, CD-ROM, MO, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, BD (Blu-ray), etc. (Registered Trademark) Disc), a semiconductor memory, or the like.
  • a computer-readable recording medium such as a flexible disk, hard disk, CD-ROM, MO, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, BD (Blu-ray), etc. (Registered Trademark) Disc), a semiconductor memory, or the like.
  • the signal may be the digital signal recorded on these recording media.
  • the computer program or the digital signal may be transmitted via a telecommunication line, a wireless or wired communication line, a network typified by the Internet, data broadcasting, or the like.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer system including a microprocessor and a memory, wherein the memory stores the computer program, and the microprocessor may operate according to the computer program.
  • the program or the digital signal may be executed by another independent computer system by recording the program or the digital signal on the recording medium and transferring the program, or by transferring the program or the digital signal via the network or the like. You may do so.
  • the present disclosure can be used in a block generation method, etc., and can be used, for example, in a block generation method that can adjust the amount of power consumption required for the process of adding a block to a blockchain in accordance with a request for power saving.

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JP2015197892A (ja) * 2014-04-03 2015-11-09 河村電器産業株式会社 データセンタ節電システム
JP2018514850A (ja) * 2015-03-24 2018-06-07 インテリジェント エナジー リミテッドＩｎｔｅｌｌｉｇｅｎｔ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ エネルギ資源ネットワーク
JP2020530958A (ja) * 2017-08-14 2020-10-29 エヌチェーン ホールディングス リミテッドＮｃｈａｉｎ Ｈｏｌｄｉｎｇｓ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ 一対の結合ブロックチェーンを構成するバイナリブロックチェーンに関連するコンピュータ実装システム及び方法
JP7078183B1 (ja) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-31 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 制御方法、管理装置、プログラム及び電力システム

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JP2015197892A (ja) * 2014-04-03 2015-11-09 河村電器産業株式会社 データセンタ節電システム
JP2018514850A (ja) * 2015-03-24 2018-06-07 インテリジェント エナジー リミテッドＩｎｔｅｌｌｉｇｅｎｔ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ エネルギ資源ネットワーク
JP2020530958A (ja) * 2017-08-14 2020-10-29 エヌチェーン ホールディングス リミテッドＮｃｈａｉｎ Ｈｏｌｄｉｎｇｓ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ 一対の結合ブロックチェーンを構成するバイナリブロックチェーンに関連するコンピュータ実装システム及び方法
JP7078183B1 (ja) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-31 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 制御方法、管理装置、プログラム及び電力システム

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