WO2023238513A1 - 光検出器、及び光検出装置 - Google Patents
光検出器、及び光検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023238513A1 WO2023238513A1 PCT/JP2023/015347 JP2023015347W WO2023238513A1 WO 2023238513 A1 WO2023238513 A1 WO 2023238513A1 JP 2023015347 W JP2023015347 W JP 2023015347W WO 2023238513 A1 WO2023238513 A1 WO 2023238513A1
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- pixel
- chip lens
- photodetector
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F30/00—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors
- H10F30/20—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H10F30/21—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H10F30/22—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes
- H10F30/225—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices having only one potential barrier, e.g. photodiodes the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a photodetector and a photodetection device.
- APD avalanche photodiodes
- APDs have high sensitivity, they are more susceptible to noise and sensitivity variations than general photodiodes. Therefore, techniques for suppressing APD noise and sensitivity variations are being considered.
- Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a technique for suppressing the dark current of an avalanche photodiode by providing a hole accumulation region on the sidewall of a separation region provided between adjacent pixels.
- the present disclosure proposes a new and improved photodetector and photodetection device that can further suppress sensitivity variations within a pixel array.
- a semiconductor substrate in which a photoelectric conversion section is provided; an inter-pixel light shielding section that is provided on the semiconductor substrate and defines a light incident area of a pixel corresponding to the photoelectric conversion section; an on-chip lens provided above the light incidence area of a semiconductor substrate, at least an edge portion of the on-chip lens in a diagonal direction of the pixel is depressed above the light incidence area;
- a photodetector is provided.
- the photodetector includes a photodetector and a processing circuit that performs signal processing on the output from the photodetector, and the photodetector includes a semiconductor substrate in which a photoelectric conversion section is provided, and the photodetector.
- An inter-pixel light shielding section provided on a semiconductor substrate and defining a light incident area of a pixel corresponding to the photoelectric conversion section, and an on-chip lens provided above the light incident area of the semiconductor substrate.
- a light detection device is provided, wherein at least a diagonal edge of the pixel of the on-chip lens dips above the light incident area.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a pixel array included in the photodetector according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the pixel array included in the photodetector according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a correspondence relationship between the cross-sectional configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and a cutting line on a plane of a pixel array.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a correspondence relationship between the cross-sectional configuration shown in FIG. 1 and a cutting line on a plane of a pixel array in a first modification.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a pixel array included in the photodetector according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the pixel array included in the photodetector according to the first
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the shapes of on-chip lenses in each of the central and peripheral parts of the pixel array.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a first aspect of the positional relationship between the on-chip lens and the uneven portion in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a second aspect of the positional relationship between the on-chip lens and the uneven portion in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the shapes of on-chip lenses in each of the central and peripheral parts of the pixel array.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a photodetection device including a photodetector according to a first or second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a distance measuring device including the photodetector shown in FIG. 9.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a vehicle control system.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installation positions of an outside-vehicle information detection section and an imaging section.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a pixel array PA included in a photodetector according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the pixel array PA included in the photodetector according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the correspondence between the cross-sectional configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the cutting line on the plane of the pixel array PA.
- each of the pixels P arranged in a plane in the pixel array PA has a structure in which a wiring layer 26, a semiconductor substrate 10, and an on-chip lens 34 are stacked.
- the pixels P shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have substantially the same configuration except that the depressed positions of the edge portions 34A of the on-chip lenses 34 are different from each other.
- the surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 on the side where the on-chip lens 34 is provided becomes the light incident surface 10A.
- the light incident surface 10A is a surface obtained by polishing the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 10.
- a wiring layer 26 is bonded to the surface 10B of the semiconductor substrate 10 on the side opposite to the light incident surface 10A. That is, the photodetector according to the present embodiment is a so-called backside illumination type photosensor that detects light incident from the backside of the semiconductor substrate 10.
- the wiring layer 26 is configured by embedding a plurality of wirings including a first wiring 25B, a second wiring 25D, and a third wiring 25F in the insulating film 24.
- the first wiring 25B, the second wiring 25D, and the third wiring 25F are connected to each other by, for example, a first connection layer 25C and a second connection layer 25E extending in the thickness direction of the wiring layer 26.
- the first wiring 25B is electrically connected to the anode or cathode of the photoelectric conversion section 2, which will be described later, via a contact layer 25A extending in the thickness direction of the wiring layer 26.
- the third wiring 25F functions as a terminal for external connection by being exposed on the surface side of the wiring layer 26.
- the contact layer 25A, the first wiring 25B, the second wiring 25D, the third wiring 25F, the first connection layer 25C, and the second connection layer 25E are made of, for example, copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), It may be made of a metal such as aluminum (Al), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), or tantalum (Ta), or a metal compound thereof.
- the insulating film 24 may be made of an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), or silicon oxynitride (SiON), for example.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 an example is shown in which three layers of wiring, the first wiring 25B, the second wiring 25D, and the third wiring 25F, are buried in the insulating film 24.
- the number of layers of wiring buried in 24 is not particularly limited.
- the insulating film 24 is configured as one layer, but the insulating film 24 includes the first wiring 25B, the second wiring 25D, and the third wiring 25F. , the contact layer 25A, the first connection layer 25C, and the second connection layer 25E.
- the semiconductor substrate 10 is made of a semiconductor material such as silicon (Si), for example. Inside the semiconductor substrate 10, a photoelectric conversion section 2 is provided for each pixel P, and adjacent pixels P are separated from each other by a pixel separation groove 30.
- the pixel isolation groove 30 is provided by being dug in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 10 so as to surround the pixel P.
- a pixel isolation film TI is buried inside the pixel isolation trench 30.
- the pixel isolation film TI is made of silicon oxide (SiO x ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), or by covering with an insulating film 31 such as aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ). Further, a void V may be provided inside the metal film 32.
- the pixel isolation film TI can electrically and optically isolate adjacent pixels P from each other.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 2 is provided inside the semiconductor substrate 10 and has a multiplication region MR that avalanche multiplies electrons using a high electric field.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 2 may be an avalanche photodiode (APD) or a single photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD).
- APD avalanche photodiode
- SPAD single photon avalanche photodiode
- a well layer 11 is provided in the semiconductor substrate 10 separated for each pixel P by the pixel isolation film TI.
- the well layer 11 is, for example, an n-type or p-type semiconductor region with a low concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 14 atoms/cm 3 or less. Since the well layer 11 is configured as a low concentration n-type or p-type semiconductor region, it is easily depleted, so that the photon detection efficiency (PDE) of the photoelectric conversion unit 2 can be further increased. .
- a p-type semiconductor region 14 and an n-type semiconductor region 15 are provided in order from the light incident surface 10A side so as to form a pn junction.
- the p-type semiconductor region 14 is a highly doped p-type semiconductor region (p+)
- the n-type semiconductor region 15 is a highly doped n-type semiconductor region (n+).
- a multiplication region MR is configured by applying a reverse voltage to the p-type semiconductor region 14 and the n-type semiconductor region 15.
- a cathode 16 is provided between the n-type semiconductor region 15 and the contact layer 25A.
- the cathode 16 is an n-type semiconductor region (n++) with a higher concentration than the n-type semiconductor region 15, and is provided to electrically connect the n-type semiconductor region 15 and the contact layer 25A.
- a predetermined bias voltage is applied to the n-type semiconductor region 15 from the contact layer 25A via the cathode 16.
- a pinning layer 12 that accumulates holes is provided between the well layer 11 and the pixel isolation film TI.
- the pinning layer 12 is a p-type semiconductor region, and is provided so as to surround the side surface of the well layer 11 along the pixel isolation film TI.
- the pinning layer 12 is provided with a structure in which a relatively high concentration p-type semiconductor region (p+) and a relatively low concentration p-type semiconductor region (p) are stacked in order from the pixel isolation film TI side. Good too.
- the pinning layer 12 can suppress the generation of dark current at the interface between the pixel isolation film TI and the well layer 11 by pinning the Fermi level at the interface.
- a bias voltage may be applied to the pinning layer 12 via the anode 13. According to this, since the pinning layer 12 can strengthen the hole concentration, it is possible to more firmly pin the Fermi level at the interface between the pixel isolation film TI and the well layer 11.
- An anode 13 is provided between the pinning layer 12 and the contact layer 25A.
- the anode 13 is a p-type semiconductor region (p++) with a higher concentration than the pinning layer 12, and is provided to electrically connect the pinning layer 12 and the contact layer 25A.
- a predetermined bias voltage is applied to the pinning layer 12 from the contact layer 25A via the anode 13.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 2 for example, by applying a strong negative voltage to the anode 13, a reverse voltage is applied to the pn junction. As a result, a depletion layer expands from the pn junction between the p-type semiconductor region 14 and the n-type semiconductor region 15, and a high electric field multiplication region MR is formed.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 2 can detect the light incident on the light incidence surface 10A with high sensitivity by avalanche multiplication of electrons generated by the incident light in the multiplication region MR.
- an inter-pixel light shielding section 33 is provided in contact with the pixel isolation film TI.
- the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 is provided so as to surround the pixel P on the light incident surface 10A of the semiconductor substrate 10, and defines a light incident region RS of the pixel P.
- the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 can suppress crosstalk between pixels P by suppressing light that is obliquely incident on the light incident surface 10A from leaking into adjacent pixels P.
- the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 may be made of a metal having light shielding properties, such as tungsten (W) or aluminum (Al), for example.
- a concavo-convex portion 36 in which concavo-convex shapes are arranged in an array is provided in the light incident region RS on the light-incident surface 10A side of the semiconductor substrate 10.
- the concavo-convex shaped portion 36 is formed by arranging quadrangular pyramidal concave shapes in an array, and is provided inside the light incident region RS surrounded by the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33.
- the uneven portion 36 can diffuse the light incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 2 by diffraction or diffuse reflection due to the uneven shape, so that the optical path length of the incident light inside the photoelectric conversion unit 2 can be made longer. According to this, the uneven portion 36 can further improve the photodetection efficiency (PDE) of the photoelectric conversion section 2.
- PDE photodetection efficiency
- such an array-like uneven shape is formed by, for example, etching the light incident surface 10A of the semiconductor substrate 10 along the crystal plane.
- an antireflection film 35 is provided along the uneven shape of the uneven portion 36.
- the antireflection film 35 is formed by laminating, for example, a plurality of high dielectric constant (High-k) insulating thin films such that the refractive index gradually decreases from the semiconductor substrate 10 side.
- the antireflection film 35 can suppress reflection of incident light by making the change in reflectance with respect to incident light gentle.
- the antireflection film 35 is, for example, a stack of thin films of silicon oxide (SiO x ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), or strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ).
- the antireflection film 35 includes, from the semiconductor substrate 10 side, a first antireflection film 35A made of HfO 2 , a second antireflection film 35B made of Al 2 O 3 , and a third antireflection film 35C made of SiO x . It may also be configured by sequentially stacking layers.
- an on-chip lens 34 is provided on the antireflection film 35 for each pixel P.
- the on-chip lens 34 has, for example, a convex shape that resembles an inverted bowl shape, and improves the photodetection efficiency (PDE) of the photoelectric conversion unit 2 by focusing the incident light onto the multiplication region MR. can be increased.
- the on-chip lens 34 may be made of a light-transmitting organic or inorganic material such as a thermoplastic resin or silicon nitride.
- the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 is depressed so as to contact either the light incident region RS or the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33.
- the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the direction opposite to the pixel P falls above the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33, and the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the diagonal direction of the pixel P
- the edge portion 34A is depressed into the light incidence region RS. That is, the cross section shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the cross section taken along line A-AA in FIG. 3, and the cross section shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the cross section taken along line B-BB or line C-CC in FIG. .
- the photodetector in order to increase the photodetection sensitivity, it is being considered to further enlarge the height and aperture of the on-chip lens 34 that focuses incident light on the multiplication region MR.
- the height and aperture of the on-chip lens 34 are expanded until the edge portion 34A overlaps the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33, the light obliquely incident on the adjacent pixel P will be reflected by the convex surface of the on-chip lens 34. As a result, the amount of light incident on the adjacent pixel P may be reduced.
- the proportion of light reflected by the on-chip lens 34 among the light incident on adjacent pixels P increases.
- the light detection sensitivity of the pixel P decreases due to the decrease in incident light.
- the amount of light incident on the pixel P varies depending on the position within the pixel array PA, resulting in variation in the photodetection sensitivity within the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 is provided so that the edge portion 34A falls into the light incident region RS inside the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33 at least in the diagonal direction of the pixel P.
- the on-chip lens 34 has an aperture that becomes narrower and moves away from the adjacent pixel P at least in the diagonal direction of the pixel P, so that reflection of light obliquely incident on the adjacent pixel P can be suppressed. . Therefore, since the photodetector can suppress variations in lighting within the pixel array PA, it is possible to suppress variations in light detection sensitivity within the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 provided above the pixel P has a planar shape that is out of rectangular shape so as not to overlap with the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 in the diagonal direction of the pixel P. It will be established at Specifically, the on-chip lens 34 may be provided in a planar shape in which the corners of the rectangular shape of the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 are rounded in the diagonal direction of the pixel P.
- the edge part 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the opposite direction of the pixel P falls on the inter-pixel light shielding part 33, and the edge part 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the diagonal direction of the pixel P is the light incident area RS.
- the present embodiment is not limited to such an example.
- the edge portions 34A in the opposite side direction and the diagonal direction of the pixel P of the on-chip lens 34 may both fall into the light incident region RS.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the correspondence between the cross-sectional configuration shown in FIG. 1 and the cutting line on the plane of the pixel array PA in the first modification.
- the edge 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the diagonal direction of the pixel P falls into the light incident region RS, and the edge 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in the opposite direction of the pixel P also receives light. It falls into the incident region RS. That is, the cross section shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the cross section taken along the line A-AA, line B-BB, or line C-CC in FIG.
- the on-chip lens 34 is provided such that the edge portion 34A in the diagonal direction and the opposite side direction of the pixel P falls into the light incident region RS inside the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33. According to this, since the on-chip lens 34 is separated from the adjacent pixel P over the entire circumference, the reflection of light obliquely incident on the adjacent pixel P can be further suppressed. Therefore, since the photodetector can more strongly suppress variations in lighting within the pixel array PA, it is possible to further suppress variations in light detection sensitivity within the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 provided above the pixel P is provided in a planar shape that does not overlap with the inter-pixel light shielding section 33 over the entire circumference of the pixel P.
- the on-chip lens 34 may be provided in a circular or rectangular planar shape that is one size smaller than the rectangular shape of the inter-pixel light shielding section 33.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the on-chip lens 34 in each of the central portion Ctr and peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA.
- the edge portions 34A of the on-chip lenses 34 in the diagonal direction and the opposite side direction of the pixel P may fall onto the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33.
- the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 in at least the diagonal direction of the pixel P may fall into the light incident region RS.
- the on-chip lens 34 is provided with its aperture widened until the edge portion 34A falls onto the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33 in order to collect more incident light. It's okay.
- the on-chip lens 34 is made narrower so that the edge portion 34A falls into the light incident region RS in order to further suppress the reflection of incident light to the adjacent pixel P. It may be provided with an opening.
- the central portion Ctr of the pixel array PA may be, for example, a range obtained by reducing the pixel array PA by 1/2 with the center of the pixel array PA as a reference.
- the peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA may be, for example, the entire area of the pixel array PA excluding the central portion Ctr.
- the central portion Ctr is a square area whose center is the same as that of the pixel array PA and whose side length is 1/2 of the side length of the pixel array PA.
- the peripheral portion Ed may be a frame region whose width is 1/4 of the length of the side of the pixel array PA, excluding the central portion Ctr from the entire area of the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 has a drop position of the edge portion 34A depending on the position of the pixel P in the pixel array PA (that is, the main angle of incidence of the incident light). or the light incident area RS. That is, in the second modification, the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 at the position where there is a lot of obliquely incident light is located in the light incident area so that the convex surface reflects less incident light to the adjacent pixel P. It is provided so that it falls into the RS and the opening becomes narrower. On the other hand, the on-chip lens 34 located at a position where there is a lot of light incident from the front is provided so that the edge portion 34A falls into the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33 and the aperture becomes wider in order to collect more incident light. .
- the photodetector increases the photodetection sensitivity of the pixel P in the central portion Ctr of the pixel array PA, while increasing the photodetection sensitivity of the pixel P between the central portion Ctr and the peripheral portion Ed in the pixel array PA. It is possible to suppress variations in photodetection sensitivity.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a first aspect of the positional relationship between the on-chip lens 34 and the concavo-convex shaped portion 36 in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a second aspect of the positional relationship between the on-chip lens 34 and the uneven portion 36 in the second embodiment.
- the positional relationship between the depressed position of the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 and the uneven portion 36 is further defined.
- the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 may fall onto the uneven portion 36. That is, in the first mode shown in FIG. 6, at least in the diagonal cut plane of the pixel P, the plane area covered by the on-chip lens 34 may be included in the concavo-convex portion 36. In such a case, it becomes difficult for light that is not scattered by the uneven portion 36 to enter the photoelectric conversion section 2, so that light with less noise and variation enters the photoelectric conversion section 2. According to this, the photodetector can suppress deterioration of jitter, which is fluctuation in the timing of photodetection in the time axis direction.
- the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 may fall onto the light incident region RS outside the uneven portion 36.
- the light incident region RS outside the uneven portion 36 is a frame-shaped flat portion provided between the uneven portion 36 and the inter-pixel light shielding portion 33 . That is, in the second mode shown in FIG. 7, the uneven portion 36 may be included in the plane region covered by the on-chip lens 34, at least in the diagonal cross section of the pixel P. In such a case, more incident light will be focused on the photoelectric conversion unit 2 by the on-chip lens 34. According to this, the photodetector can further increase the photodetection efficiency (PDE).
- PDE photodetection efficiency
- the photodetector further improves jitter or photodetection efficiency by defining the positional relationship between the depressed position of the edge portion 34A of the on-chip lens 34 and the uneven portion 36. It is possible to do so.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the on-chip lens 34 in each of the central portion Ctr and peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 is configured such that the edge portion 34A falls onto the light incident region RS outside the uneven portion 36 in order to collect more incident light.
- the opening may be widened. Even in such a case, uniform light with relatively little noise is incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 2 of the pixel P provided in the central part Ctr of the pixel array PA, so the photodetector can eliminate jitter. Photodetection efficiency (PDE) can be further increased without deterioration.
- the incident light Lo enters each pixel P from an oblique direction, so that light whose incident angles vary widely enters the photoelectric conversion unit 2. . Therefore, in the peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA, the on-chip lens 34 has a narrower aperture so that the edge portion 34A falls inside the uneven portion 36 in order to collect the incident light with higher precision. may be provided. In such a case, uniform light with relatively little noise can be made incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 2 of the pixel P provided in the peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA, so that the photodetector can avoid the worsening of jitter. can be suppressed.
- the central portion Ctr of the pixel array PA may be, for example, a range obtained by reducing the pixel array PA by 1/2 with the center of the pixel array PA as a reference.
- the peripheral portion Ed of the pixel array PA may be, for example, the entire area of the pixel array PA excluding the central portion Ctr.
- the central portion Ctr is a square area whose center is the same as that of the pixel array PA and whose side length is 1/2 of the side length of the pixel array PA.
- the peripheral portion Ed may be a frame region whose width is 1/4 of the length of the side of the pixel array PA, excluding the central portion Ctr from the entire area of the pixel array PA.
- the on-chip lens 34 has a depressed position of the edge portion 34A at which the light is incident, depending on the position of the pixel P in the pixel array PA (that is, the main angle of incidence of the incident light). It is controlled by either the region RS or the uneven shape portion 36. That is, in the modified example of the second embodiment, the on-chip lens 34 at a position where there is a large variation in incident light has an uneven edge portion 34A in order to allow more accurate light to enter the photoelectric conversion unit 2. 36, and the opening is provided so as to become narrower.
- the edge portion 34A falls into the light incidence region RS outside the uneven portion 36. , so that the opening is wide.
- the photodetector improves the photodetection efficiency of the pixels P in the central part Ctr of the pixel array PA, while increasing the light detection efficiency of the pixels P in the central part Ctr and the peripheral part Ed in the pixel array PA. It is possible to suppress jitter in photodetection of the pixel P.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a photodetection device 1 including a photodetector according to the first or second embodiment.
- the photodetection device 1 includes a pixel array PA, a clock generation section 110, a readout control section 120, a readout section 130, and a photodetection control section 140.
- Pixel array PA a plurality of pixels P that detect the above-mentioned light are arranged in a matrix. Based on inputs from the clock generation section 110 and the readout control section 120, signal charges corresponding to the incident light are output from each of the photoelectric conversion sections 2 included in the pixel P to the readout section 130.
- Pixel array PA corresponds to a photodetector in this disclosure.
- the photodetection control unit 140 controls the operation of each part of the photodetection device 1. Specifically, the photodetection control section 140 can control the operation of the photodetection device 1 by controlling the operations of the clock generation section 110, the readout control section 120, and the readout section 130.
- the clock generation unit 110 generates a clock signal indicating a master clock that serves as a reference for the operation timing of each part of the photodetecting device 1.
- the generated clock signal is output to each pixel P included in the pixel array PA.
- the readout control unit 120 selectively scans each pixel P included in the pixel array PA to read out a signal charge corresponding to the incident light from each pixel P, and outputs it to the readout unit 130.
- the reading unit 130 performs various digital signal processing on the signal charges output from the pixel array PA, and then outputs the signal charges to the outside of the photodetector 1 as a photodetection signal.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a distance measuring device 200 including the photodetecting device 1 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the distance measuring device 200 includes a light emitting section 201, an optical system 205, a photodetecting device 1, and a control section 203.
- the light emitting unit 201 emits a light pulse Lp0 to the distance measurement target.
- the light emitting unit 201 may emit the light pulse Lp0 by alternately repeating light emission and non-light emission based on instructions from the control unit 203.
- the light emitting unit 201 may include, for example, a laser light source or an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source that emits infrared rays.
- the optical system 205 includes a lens and the like, and forms an image of light on the light receiving surface of the photodetector 1. Specifically, the optical system 205 images the light pulse Lp1 (for example, infrared rays) emitted from the light emitting unit 201 and reflected by the object to be measured on the light receiving surface of the photodetector 1.
- Lp1 for example, infrared rays
- the light detection device 1 outputs information regarding the distance to the distance measurement target to the outside by detecting incident light based on instructions from the control unit 203.
- the photodetection device 1 may derive information regarding the distance to the distance measurement target based on the delay time between the detection signal of the incident light and the reference signal.
- the control unit 203 outputs a control signal to the light emitting unit 201 and the photodetection device 1, and controls the operation of the light emission unit 201 and the photodetection device 1, thereby controlling the overall operation of the distance measuring device 200.
- the technology according to the present disclosure (this technology) can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be used as a light detection device mounted on any type of moving body such as a car, electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, personal mobility, airplane, drone, ship, robot, etc. May be realized.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system, which is an example of a mobile body control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 12001.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a drive system control unit 12010, a body system control unit 12020, an outside vehicle information detection unit 12030, an inside vehicle information detection unit 12040, and an integrated control unit 12050.
- a microcomputer 12051, an audio/image output section 12052, and an in-vehicle network I/F (Interface) 12053 are illustrated as the functional configuration of the integrated control unit 12050.
- the drive system control unit 12010 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 12010 includes a drive force generation device such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor that generates drive force for the vehicle, a drive force transmission mechanism that transmits the drive force to wheels, and a drive force transmission mechanism that controls the steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a control device for a steering mechanism to adjust and a braking device to generate braking force for the vehicle.
- the body system control unit 12020 controls the operations of various devices installed in the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 12020 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as a headlamp, a back lamp, a brake lamp, a turn signal, or a fog lamp.
- radio waves transmitted from a portable device that replaces a key or signals from various switches may be input to the body control unit 12020.
- the body system control unit 12020 receives input of these radio waves or signals, and controls the door lock device, power window device, lamp, etc. of the vehicle.
- the external information detection unit 12030 detects information external to the vehicle in which the vehicle control system 12000 is mounted.
- an imaging section 12031 is connected to the outside-vehicle information detection unit 12030.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 causes the imaging unit 12031 to capture an image of the exterior of the vehicle, and receives the captured image.
- the external information detection unit 12030 may perform object detection processing such as a person, car, obstacle, sign, or text on the road surface or distance detection processing based on the received image.
- the imaging unit 12031 is an optical sensor that receives light and outputs an electrical signal according to the amount of received light.
- the imaging unit 12031 can output the electrical signal as an image or as distance measurement information.
- the light received by the imaging unit 12031 may be visible light or non-visible light such as infrared rays.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects in-vehicle information.
- a driver condition detection section 12041 that detects the condition of the driver is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040.
- the driver condition detection unit 12041 includes, for example, a camera that images the driver, and the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver condition detection unit 12041. It may be calculated, or it may be determined whether the driver is falling asleep.
- the microcomputer 12051 calculates control target values for the driving force generation device, steering mechanism, or braking device based on the information inside and outside the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, Control commands can be output to 12010.
- the microcomputer 12051 realizes ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the driving force generating device, steering mechanism, braking device, etc. based on information about the surroundings of the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., which does not rely on operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 can output a control command to the body system control unit 12020 based on the information outside the vehicle acquired by the outside information detection unit 12030.
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the headlamps according to the position of the preceding vehicle or oncoming vehicle detected by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030, and performs cooperative control for the purpose of preventing glare, such as switching from high beam to low beam. It can be carried out.
- the audio and image output unit 12052 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and images to an output device that can visually or audibly notify information to the occupants of the vehicle or to the outside of the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 12061, a display section 12062, and an instrument panel 12063 are illustrated as output devices.
- the display unit 12062 may include, for example, at least one of an on-board display and a head-up display.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the installation position of the imaging section 12031.
- the imaging unit 12031 includes imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105.
- the imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105 are provided at, for example, the front nose of the vehicle 12100, the side mirrors, the rear bumper, the back door, and the upper part of the windshield inside the vehicle.
- An imaging unit 12101 provided in the front nose and an imaging unit 12105 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle mainly acquire images in front of the vehicle 12100.
- Imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided in the side mirrors mainly capture images of the sides of the vehicle 12100.
- An imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door mainly captures images of the rear of the vehicle 12100.
- the imaging unit 12105 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle is mainly used to detect preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, traffic lights, traffic signs, lanes, and the like.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of the imaging range of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- An imaging range 12111 indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose
- imaging ranges 12112 and 12113 indicate imaging ranges of the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- an imaging range 12114 shows the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose.
- the imaging range of the imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door is shown. For example, by overlapping the image data captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104, an overhead image of the vehicle 12100 viewed from above can be obtained.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may have a function of acquiring distance information.
- at least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be a stereo camera including a plurality of image sensors, or may be an image sensor having pixels for phase difference detection.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines the distance to each three-dimensional object within the imaging ranges 12111 to 12114 and the temporal change in this distance (relative speed with respect to the vehicle 12100) based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. By determining the following, it is possible to extract, in particular, the closest three-dimensional object on the path of vehicle 12100, which is traveling at a predetermined speed (for example, 0 km/h or more) in approximately the same direction as vehicle 12100, as the preceding vehicle. can. Furthermore, the microcomputer 12051 can set an inter-vehicle distance to be secured in advance in front of the preceding vehicle, and perform automatic brake control (including follow-up stop control), automatic acceleration control (including follow-up start control), and the like. In this way, it is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., in which the vehicle travels autonomously without depending on the driver's operation.
- automatic brake control including follow-up stop control
- automatic acceleration control including follow-up start control
- the microcomputer 12051 transfers three-dimensional object data to other three-dimensional objects such as two-wheeled vehicles, regular vehicles, large vehicles, pedestrians, and utility poles based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. It can be classified and extracted and used for automatic obstacle avoidance. For example, the microcomputer 12051 identifies obstacles around the vehicle 12100 into obstacles that are visible to the driver of the vehicle 12100 and obstacles that are difficult to see. Then, the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceeds a set value and there is a possibility of a collision, the microcomputer 12051 transmits information via the audio speaker 12061 and the display unit 12062. By outputting a warning to the driver via the vehicle control unit 12010 and performing forced deceleration and avoidance steering via the drive system control unit 12010, driving support for collision avoidance can be provided.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceed
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be an infrared camera that detects infrared rays.
- the microcomputer 12051 can recognize a pedestrian by determining whether the pedestrian is present in the images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- pedestrian recognition involves, for example, a procedure for extracting feature points in images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104 as infrared cameras, and a pattern matching process is performed on a series of feature points indicating the outline of an object to determine whether it is a pedestrian or not.
- the audio image output unit 12052 creates a rectangular outline for emphasis on the recognized pedestrian.
- the display unit 12062 is controlled to display the .
- the audio image output unit 12052 may control the display unit 12062 to display an icon or the like indicating a pedestrian at a desired position.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to the imaging unit 12031 or various distance measuring sensors (not shown) among the configurations described above.
- the vehicle control system can measure and recognize the external environment of the vehicle with higher accuracy.
- the photodetector according to (1) wherein the edge portion of the on-chip lens in the direction opposite to the pixel is depressed above the inter-pixel light shielding portion.
- the pixel in which the edge portion of the on-chip lens falls onto the uneven portion is provided at a peripheral portion of a pixel array in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a plane in a matrix, According to (5) or (6), the pixel in which the edge portion of the on-chip lens falls onto the light incident area outside the concavo-convex portion is provided in the center of the pixel array.
- photodetector (10) The photodetector according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the photoelectric conversion section photoelectrically converts infrared rays. (11) The photodetector according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the photoelectric conversion section is a single photon avalanche diode.
- the photodetector is a semiconductor substrate with a photoelectric conversion section provided therein; an inter-pixel light shielding section provided on the semiconductor substrate and defining a light incident area of a pixel corresponding to the photoelectric conversion section; an on-chip lens provided on the light incident area of the semiconductor substrate; Equipped with A photodetection device, wherein at least a diagonal edge of the pixel of the on-chip lens dips above the light incident area.
- Photoelectric conversion section 10 Semiconductor substrate 10A Light incident surface 10B Surface 11 Well layer 12 Pinning layer 13 Anode 14 P-type semiconductor region 15 N-type semiconductor region 16 Cathode 24 Insulating film 25A Contact layer 25B First wiring 25C First connection layer 25D 2 Wiring 25E Second connection layer 25F Third wiring 26 Wiring layer 30 Pixel separation groove 33 Inter-pixel light shielding part 34 On-chip lens 34A Edge part 35 Anti-reflection film 35A First anti-reflection film 35B Second anti-reflection film 35C Third Anti-reflection film 36 Concave and convex shaped portion Ctr Center portion Ed Peripheral portion MR Multiplication region P Pixel PA Pixel array RS Light incident region TI Pixel isolation film V Gap
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Abstract
Description
1.第1の実施形態
1.1.画素の構成
1.2.第1の変形例
1.3.第2の変形例
2.第2の実施形態
3.適用例
(1.1.画素の構成)
まず、図1~図3を参照して、本開示の第1の一実施形態に係る光検出器の画素構成について説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る光検出器が備える画素アレイPAの断面構成を示す縦断面図である。図2は、本実施形態に係る光検出器が備える画素アレイPAの他の断面構成を示す縦断面図である。図3は、図1及び図2に示す断面構成と、画素アレイPAの平面上の切断線との対応関係を示す平面図である。
上記では、オンチップレンズ34の画素Pの対辺方向の縁端部34Aが画素間遮光部33の上に落ち込み、オンチップレンズ34の画素Pの対角方向の縁端部34Aが光入射領域RSに落ち込む構成を示したが、本実施形態はかかる例示に限定されない。例えば、図4に示すように、オンチップレンズ34の画素Pの対辺方向及び対角方向の縁端部34Aは、いずれも光入射領域RSに落ち込んでもよい。図4は、図1に示す断面構成と、第1の変形例における画素アレイPAの平面上の切断線との対応関係を示す平面図である。
本実施形態に係る光検出器では、図1で示した断面構成の画素Pが画素アレイPA内に少なくとも1つ以上存在していればよい。一方で、図5を参照して説明する第2の変形例では、光検出器は、図1で示した断面構成の画素Pの画素アレイPA内での配置を制御することで、画素アレイPA内での光検出感度のばらつきを抑制しつつ、画素Pの各々の光検出感度を高めることができる。図5は、画素アレイPAの中央部Ctr及び周辺部Edの各々でのオンチップレンズ34の形状を示す模式図である。
続いて、図6及び図7を参照して、本開示の第2の実施形態に係る光検出器が備える画素アレイPAについて説明する。図6は、第2の実施形態におけるオンチップレンズ34と、凹凸形状部36との位置関係の第1の様態を示す模式的な縦断面図である。図7は、第2の実施形態におけるオンチップレンズ34と、凹凸形状部36との位置関係の第2の様態を示す模式的な縦断面図である。第2の実施形態では、第1の実施形態で説明した各構成に加えて、オンチップレンズ34の縁端部34Aの落ち込み位置と、凹凸形状部36との位置関係がさらに規定される。
(光検出装置)
図9は、第1又は第2の実施形態に係る光検出器を含む光検出装置1の構成を示す模式図である。図9に示すように、光検出装置1は、画素アレイPAと、クロック生成部110と、読出制御部120と、読出部130と、光検出制御部140とを備える。
図10は、図9で示した光検出装置1を含む測距装置200の構成を示す模式図である。図10に示すように、測距装置200は、発光部201と、光学系205と、光検出装置1と、制御部203とを備える。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット等のいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される光検出装置として実現されてもよい。
(1)
内部に光電変換部が設けられた半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の上に設けられ、前記光電変換部に対応する画素の光入射領域を画定する画素間遮光部と、
前記半導体基板の前記光入射領域の上に設けられたオンチップレンズと、
を備え、
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記画素の対角方向の縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、光検出器。
(2)
前記オンチップレンズの前記画素の対辺方向の前記縁端部は、前記画素間遮光部の上に落ち込んでいる、前記(1)に記載の光検出器。
(3)
前記オンチップレンズの前記画素の対辺方向の前記縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、前記(1)に記載の光検出器。
(4)
前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、複数の前記画素を行列状に平面配列した画素アレイの少なくとも周辺部に設けられる、前記(1)~(3)のいずれか一項に記載の光検出器。
(5)
前記光入射領域には、前記半導体基板の表面に凹凸形状がアレイ状に配列された凹凸形状部が設けられる、前記(1)~(4)のいずれか一項に記載の光検出器。
(6)
前記凹凸形状は、四角錐の凹形状である、前記(5)に記載の光検出器。
(7)
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記対角方向の前記縁端部は、前記凹凸形状部の上に落ち込んでいる、前記(5)又は(6)に記載の光検出器。
(8)
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記対角方向の前記縁端部は、前記凹凸形状部の外の前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、前記(5)又は(6)に記載の光検出器。
(9)
前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記凹凸形状部の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、複数の前記画素を行列状に平面配列した画素アレイの周辺部に設けられ、
前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記凹凸形状部の外の前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、前記画素アレイの中央部に設けられる、前記(5)又は(6)に記載の光検出器。
(10)
前記光電変換部は、赤外線を光電変換する、前記(1)~(9)のいずれか一項に記載の光検出器。
(11)
前記光電変換部は、シングルフォトンアバランシェダイオードである、前記(1)~(10)のいずれか一項に記載の光検出器。
(12)
光検出器と、前記光検出器からの出力を信号処理する処理回路とを備え、
前記光検出器は、
内部に光電変換部が設けられた半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の上に設けられ、前記光電変換部に対応する画素の光入射領域を画定する画素間遮光部と、
前記半導体基板の前記光入射領域の上に設けられたオンチップレンズと、
を備え、
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記画素の対角方向の縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、光検出装置。
10 半導体基板
10A 光入射面
10B 表面
11 ウェル層
12 ピニング層
13 アノード
14 p型半導体領域
15 n型半導体領域
16 カソード
24 絶縁膜
25A コンタクト層
25B 第1配線
25C 第1接続層
25D 第2配線
25E 第2接続層
25F 第3配線
26 配線層
30 画素分離溝
33 画素間遮光部
34 オンチップレンズ
34A 縁端部
35 反射防止膜
35A 第1反射防止膜
35B 第2反射防止膜
35C 第3反射防止膜
36 凹凸形状部
Ctr 中央部
Ed 周辺部
MR 増倍領域
P 画素
PA 画素アレイ
RS 光入射領域
TI 画素分離膜
V 空隙
Claims (12)
- 内部に光電変換部が設けられた半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の上に設けられ、前記光電変換部に対応する画素の光入射領域を画定する画素間遮光部と、
前記半導体基板の前記光入射領域の上に設けられたオンチップレンズと、
を備え、
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記画素の対角方向の縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、光検出器。 - 前記オンチップレンズの前記画素の対辺方向の前記縁端部は、前記画素間遮光部の上に落ち込んでいる、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 前記オンチップレンズの前記画素の対辺方向の前記縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、複数の前記画素を行列状に平面配列した画素アレイの少なくとも周辺部に設けられる、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 前記光入射領域には、前記半導体基板の表面に凹凸形状がアレイ状に配列された凹凸形状部が設けられる、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 前記凹凸形状は、四角錐の凹形状である、請求項5に記載の光検出器。
- 前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記対角方向の前記縁端部は、前記凹凸形状部の上に落ち込んでいる、請求項5に記載の光検出器。
- 前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記対角方向の前記縁端部は、前記凹凸形状部の外の前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、請求項5に記載の光検出器。
- 前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記凹凸形状部の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、複数の前記画素を行列状に平面配列した画素アレイの周辺部に設けられ、
前記オンチップレンズの前記縁端部が前記凹凸形状部の外の前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んだ前記画素は、前記画素アレイの中央部に設けられる、請求項5に記載の光検出器。 - 前記光電変換部は、赤外線を光電変換する、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 前記光電変換部は、シングルフォトンアバランシェダイオードである、請求項1に記載の光検出器。
- 光検出器と、前記光検出器からの出力を信号処理する処理回路とを備え、
前記光検出器は、
内部に光電変換部が設けられた半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の上に設けられ、前記光電変換部に対応する画素の光入射領域を画定する画素間遮光部と、
前記半導体基板の前記光入射領域の上に設けられたオンチップレンズと、
を備え、
前記オンチップレンズの少なくとも前記画素の対角方向の縁端部は、前記光入射領域の上に落ち込んでいる、光検出装置。
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019114728A (ja) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-11 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、距離計測装置、及び製造方法 |
| WO2020175195A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-03 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置および電子機器 |
| JP2020162100A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 受光装置および測距モジュール |
| JP2020174158A (ja) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-10-22 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
-
2023
- 2023-04-17 WO PCT/JP2023/015347 patent/WO2023238513A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-17 CN CN202380044567.6A patent/CN119422463A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019114728A (ja) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-11 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、距離計測装置、及び製造方法 |
| WO2020175195A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-03 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置および電子機器 |
| JP2020162100A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 受光装置および測距モジュール |
| JP2020174158A (ja) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-10-22 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
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| CN119422463A (zh) | 2025-02-11 |
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