WO2023238347A1 - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide a machine tool in which rotating tools having differently shaped ridge portions can be attached to a tool post.　This machine tool comprises a drive source, a drive shaft that rotates on the basis of the drive of the drive source, and a tool post to which a plurality of rotating tools can be attached. The drive shaft is provided with a clutch portion for transmitting a rotational driving force from the drive shaft to a transmission shaft of the rotating tool. Each of a plurality of rotating tools is provided with a ridge portion on the transmission shaft, some of the ridge portions having mutually different shapes. The clutch portion is provided with recessed groove portions formed to match the shapes of each of the differently shaped ridge portions.

Description

Machine Tools

The present disclosure relates to a machine tool equipped with a tool rest to which a plurality of rotating tools can be attached.

Conventionally, various technologies related to turret-type lathes have been proposed. For example, the turret lathe disclosed in Patent Document 1 below includes a polygonal tool rest. A holder to which a tool rotation unit is attached is provided on each outer peripheral surface of the planar shape of the tool rest. A protruding portion is formed at the end of the transmission shaft provided in the tool rotation unit. Furthermore, a recessed groove portion into which a protruding portion can be inserted is formed at the tip of the drive shaft provided within the tool post. The tool holder of the tool turning unit rotates as rotational driving force is transmitted from the drive shaft to the transmission shaft.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-210062 (Figure 6)

In the above-mentioned type of turret lathe, a rotary tool such as a tool turning unit that operates by receiving rotational driving force from the tool post can be attached to each of the holders of the tool post. A turret lathe changes the rotating tool connected to the drive shaft by rotating the tool rest. However, the shape of the protruding portion of the rotary tool may be changed depending on the degree of rigidity required of the tool, the type of manufacturer that manufactures the rotary tool, and the like. For this reason, there is a need for a technology that allows rotary tools with different shapes of protrusions to be attached to one tool rest.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a machine tool in which a rotary tool having protrusions of different shapes can be attached to a tool rest.

In order to solve the above problems, the present specification includes a drive source, a drive shaft that rotates based on the drive of the drive source, and a tool rest to which a plurality of rotating tools can be attached, and the drive shaft is , a clutch portion is provided for transmitting rotational driving force from the drive shaft to a transmission shaft of the rotary tool, and each of the plurality of rotary tools is provided with a protruding portion on the transmission shaft, and the shape of the protruding portion is determined by the shape of the protruding portion. The present invention discloses a machine tool in which the clutch portion includes grooves that are different from each other, and the clutch portion is provided with a groove portion formed to match the shape of each of the protruding portions having different shapes.

According to the machine tool of the present disclosure, the plurality of rotating tools include tools whose convex portions have mutually different shapes. The clutch portion of the drive shaft is provided with a plurality of groove portions formed to match the shapes of the convex portions having different shapes. Thereby, the concave groove portion can be switched according to the shape of the protruding portion of the transmission shaft connected to the drive shaft. Therefore, rotary tools having protrusions of different shapes can be attached to the tool rest.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a machine tool 10 according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of the turret device 12. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a holder member 23 of a tool rest 21 and a rotary tool 25; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing members in the tool rest 21 and a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the shaft housing 67 and guide rail 63 of FIG. 5 are removed, and a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the clutch device 51. A partially enlarged view of FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the holder member 23 and the clutch member 71. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4 with the rotary tool 25 removed. A diagram for comparing a plurality of rotary tools 25A to 25F. Flowchart of tool exchange processing. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a clutch member 71A of the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a clutch member 71A of the second embodiment.

(About machine tool 10)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment, which is an embodiment of the machine tool of the present disclosure, will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a machine tool 10 according to a first embodiment. The machine tool 10 of the first embodiment is, for example, a turret-type NC lathe, and includes a spindle device 11, a turret device 12, an operation panel 13, and a control device 15, as shown in FIG. Note that the machine tool of the present disclosure is not limited to a turret-type lathe, and may be, for example, a turret-type machining center. Further, the machine tool of the present disclosure may be configured to include two or more spindle devices 11 and turret devices 12, or may be a composite machine tool that includes both a lathe and a machining center.

The main spindle device 11 includes chuck claws and collet chucks that clamp the workpiece, and rotates the clamped workpiece around the main shaft. The turret device 12 includes a tool rest 21 (see FIG. 2) to which a plurality of tools can be attached, and rotates the tool rest 21 to index (exchange) tools. Further, the turret device 12 includes a slide device 12A. The slide device 12A slides the tool rest 21, for example, in the Z-axis direction parallel to the main axis of the spindle device 11 and in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction. Details of the tool rest 21 will be described later.

The operation panel 13 is a user interface, and includes, for example, a touch panel 13A and an operation device 13B. The operating device 13B is a push button switch, a rotary switch, a warning lamp, or the like. The operation panel 13 receives operation input from the user via the touch panel 13A and the operation device 13B, and outputs a signal to the control device 15 according to the received operation input. Further, the operation panel 13 changes the display contents of the touch panel 13A, the lighting state of the warning lamp of the operation device 13B, etc. based on the control of the control device 15.

The control device 15 is a processing device mainly composed of a computer and includes a CPU 15A, and performs numerical control and sequence control to comprehensively control the operation of the machine tool 10. The control device 15 is electrically connected to each device (spindle device 11, etc.) of the machine tool 10 via a drive circuit 17. The drive circuit 17 is, for example, an amplifier that controls the motors of the spindle device 11 and the turret device 12.

Additionally, the control device 15 includes a storage device 15B. The storage device 15B includes, for example, RAM, ROM, flash memory, hard disk, and the like. A control program PG is stored in the storage device 15B. The control program PG is, for example, a program that controls the operation of the spindle device 11 and the turret device 12, and is a sequence control program (ladder circuit), an NC program, or the like. The control device 15 controls each device of the machine tool 10 by executing a control program PG with the CPU 15A. In the following description, the fact that the control device 15 executes the control program PG on the CPU 15A to control each device may be simply described by the device name. For example, "the control device 15 controls the spindle device 11" means "the control device 15 executes the control program PG on the CPU 15A and controls the spindle device 11 via the drive circuit 17." .

Furthermore, the storage device 15B can store setting data DT. In the setting data DT, holder identification information that can identify the holder 23A (see FIG. 2) of the tool rest 21 and information on the tool attached to the holder 23A indicated by the holder identification information can be stored in association with each other. There is. Details of the setting data DT will be described later. The control device 15 controls each device with the above-described configuration to execute machining on the workpiece. For example, the control device 15 controls the turret device 12 to adjust the position of the tool rest 21 and index the tool, and processes the workpiece of the spindle device 11 using the indexed tool. Note that the configuration of the machine tool 10 described above is an example. For example, the machine tool 10 may include a workpiece transport device that transports the workpiece, a reversing device that reverses the workpiece, and the like.

(About the turret device 12)
Next, the turret device 12 will be explained. FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of the tool rest 21 of the turret device 12. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II shown in FIG. 2, and shows a partial cross-sectional view of the turret device 12. As shown in FIG. In the following description, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vertical direction in the drawing of FIG. 2 is referred to as the X direction, the left and right direction as the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper as the Z direction. The X direction is a direction parallel to the axial direction of a drive shaft 45 described later, the Z direction is a direction parallel to a central axis 35 of a turning shaft 39 described later, and the Y direction is a direction perpendicular to the XY direction. be.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an annular holder member 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the tool post 21. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the rotary tool 25 is attached to the holder member 23. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the holder member 23 of this embodiment has, for example, a regular decagonal outer peripheral shape when viewed in the Z-axis direction, has a circular through hole formed inside, and has a predetermined thickness in the radial direction. It is an annular member. Holders 23A are formed on ten outer circumferential surfaces of the holder member 23 to which a rotary tool 25 or a cutting tool (not shown) can be attached. As an example, FIG. 4 shows a state in which rotary tools 25 are attached to all ten holders 23A, but a cutting tool that performs cutting without rotation can also be attached to the holders 23A. Note that FIG. 4 omits illustration of the cutting tool 57 (see FIG. 3) of the rotary tool 25. Further, the holders 23A may have a configuration in which only the rotary tool 25 can be attached to all ten holders 23A, or a configuration in which a cutting tool can be attached to at least one of the ten holders 23A.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a spacer 27 can be attached to the holder 23A. The spacer 27 is a member that adjusts the position of the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25 in the radial direction of the tool rest 21 (direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction). Details of the holder 23A and the spacer 27 will be described later.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the turret device 12 is provided with a rotating body 29 (see FIG. 3) inside the device. The rotating body 29 is rotatably supported via a bearing member 31. The bearing member 31 is, for example, a ball bearing. A tool rest 21 is attached to the tip of the rotating body 29. The turret device 12 includes a turning motor 33 (see FIG. 3) such as a servo motor as a drive source for rotating the tool post 21. The control device 15 controls the turning motor 33 to rotate the rotating body 29, turns the tool rest 21 in a rotational direction 36 about a central axis 35 parallel to the Z direction, and rotates the rotating tool 25 and the cutting tool (hereinafter referred to as (sometimes referred to as a tool). The tool rest 21 executes machining on a workpiece using a tool placed at a working position 37, and by rotating, replaces the tool at the working position 37, that is, the tool that executes machining on the workpiece.

Additionally, a pivot shaft 39 is provided within the turret device 12 along the central axis 35. The pivot shaft 39 is disposed within the rotating body 29 and rotatably supported by a bearing member 41. For example, a servo motor 43 is attached to the base end of the pivot shaft 39 (the left end in FIG. 3) as a drive source. The control device 15 controls the servo motor 43 to rotate the pivot shaft 39 about the central shaft 35 . Note that the pivot shaft 39 may be provided at a position offset from the central axis 35.

The tool rest 21 is provided with a drive shaft 45 extending along the X-axis direction. The tip of the pivot shaft 39 (the right end in FIG. 3) is inserted into the tool rest 21 and connected to the drive shaft 45. The drive shaft 45 is, for example, a substantially cylindrical shaft, and is supported by a bearing member 46 so as to be rotatable about a rotation shaft 47 along the X direction. The drive shaft 45 is connected to the rotation shaft 39 via, for example, a bevel gear 48, and the rotational driving force of the rotation shaft 39 is transmitted to the drive shaft 45. The drive shaft 45 is orthogonal to the pivot shaft 39 and rotates in accordance with the rotation of the pivot shaft 39 . Note that the means for connecting the rotating shaft 39 and the drive shaft 45 is not limited to gears such as the bevel gear 48, but may also be a method using a cam or a belt.

Each of the plurality of rotating tools 25 is provided with a transmission shaft 49. Furthermore, a clutch device 51 that connects the drive shaft 45 and the transmission shaft 49 is provided at the end of the drive shaft 45 on the working position 37 side. A transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 disposed at the working position 37 is connected to the tip of the drive shaft 45 via a clutch device 51 . The transmission shaft 49 is, for example, a substantially cylindrical shaft, and is arranged rotatably along the central axis of the drive shaft 45 when connected to the drive shaft 45 . The rotational driving force of the drive shaft 45 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 49 via the clutch device 51. Therefore, the transmission shaft 49 rotates as the rotation shaft 39 rotates.

The transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 is rotatably provided, for example, by a bearing member 53 provided within the housing 26 of the rotary tool 25. The rotary tool 25 is provided with a transmission mechanism 55 for transmitting the rotational driving force of the transmission shaft 49. Further, the rotary tool 25 is provided with a tool holder 59 that holds a cutting tool 57, for example. The tool holder 59 is, for example, a collet chuck. The transmission mechanism 55 is composed of, for example, a plurality of gears, and transmits the rotational driving force of the transmission shaft 49 to the tool holder 59 to rotate the tool holder 59. Various cutting tools 57 can be attached to the tool holder 59. As the cutting tool 57, for example, a drill, tap, end mill, etc. can be adopted. The tool holder 59 is rotatably supported by a bearing member 61 provided on the rotary tool 25. The cutting tool 57 is held by the tool holder 59 with its tip protruding from the rotary tool 25 and rotates together with the tool holder 59. Each of the plurality of rotary tools 25 is placed at the working position 37, so that the transmission shaft 49 is connected to the drive shaft 45 via the clutch device 51, and the rotational driving force of the rotation shaft 39 is transmitted to the cutting tool 57. Rotate.

Note that the internal configuration of the rotary tool 25 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an example. The configuration of the rotary tool 25 may vary depending on the application, function, manufacturer, etc. For example, the tool holder 59 is not limited to a collet chuck, but may be a milling chuck, a hydraulic chuck, a side lock holder, a shrink fit holder, an arbor, or other holding member. Further, the rotary tool 25 may not include the tool holder 59 and may have a configuration in which the cutting tool 57 cannot be replaced. Further, the rotary tool 25 may have a structure in which the cutting tool 57 is directly connected to the transmission shaft 49 without the transmission mechanism 55, or the cutting tool 57 and the transmission shaft 49 are integrated. Further, the rotary tool 25 may have a configuration in which the tool holder 59 is rotatably held in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 49.

FIG. 5 shows the tool post 21 with the holder member 23 and other members removed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, an annular guide rail 63 is provided within the tool rest 21. As shown in FIGS. A notch 63A (see FIG. 2) is formed in the guide rail 63 in accordance with the position of the clutch device 51 (working position 37). The drive shaft 45 is connected to the pivot shaft 39 on the base end side in the X direction, and has a distal end portion aligned with the position of the notch portion 63A of the guide rail 63. A clutch device 51 is attached to the tip of the drive shaft 45 . The transmission shaft 49 of each rotary tool 25 protrudes from the housing 26 of the rotary tool 25, and extends toward the guide rail 63 when the rotary tool 25 is attached to the holder 23A. A convex portion 65 (see FIG. 2) is formed at the tip of the transmission shaft 49 protruding from the rotary tool 25. Each of the plurality of rotary tools 25, when attached to the holder 23A, rotates together with the tool rest 21 while moving the protruding strip 65 along the guide rail 63 as the tool rest 21 turns.

(About the clutch device 51)
Next, details of the clutch device 51 will be explained. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the members inside the tool rest 21, and shows a state in which a shaft housing 67 covering the drive shaft 45 and the clutch device 51 is attached. FIG. 6 shows the shaft housing 67 and guide rail 63 removed. FIG. 7 shows an exploded perspective view of the clutch device 51. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the part surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 3. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the clutch device 51 includes a clutch member 71, a pin 73, and an O-ring 75. The clutch device 51 is a device that connects or disconnects the power transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 to the drive shaft 45 of the tool rest 21 .

The tip end 77 of the drive shaft 45 is provided with an insertion hole 79 formed along the axial direction of the drive shaft 45 (rotation shaft 47). The tip portion 77 may be the same member as the drive shaft 45 formed by processing the tip of the drive shaft 45, or may be a separate member attached to the tip of the drive shaft 45. The insertion hole 79 is a hole with a circular cross section, and an opening is formed on the tip side. Further, the clutch member 71 includes a base portion 81 and a connecting portion 82 . The connecting portion 82 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape having a predetermined thickness in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47. The base portion 81 has a substantially cylindrical shape that protrudes from the center of the end surface 82A of the connecting portion 82 on the drive shaft 45 side along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47. The clutch member 71 is inserted into the insertion hole 79 from the base 81 side. The outer diameter of the base portion 81 is, for example, smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical connecting portion 82. The insertion hole 79 has a step corresponding to the outer shape of the base portion 81 and the connecting portion 82, and has a shape in which two cylindrical holes having different inner diameters are arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47. The insertion hole 79 has a first insertion part 79A formed in a cylindrical shape to match the external shape of the base 81, and a second insertion part 79B formed in a cylindrical shape to match the external shape of the connecting part 82.

The pin 73 is, for example, a metal member having a substantially cylindrical shape. A pair of through holes 77A are formed in the distal end portion 77 of the drive shaft 45. Each of the pair of through holes 77A is a circular hole formed to match the size of the pin 73, and communicates the inside and outside of the insertion hole 79. The pair of through holes 77A are formed at positions facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47. Further, the base portion 81 is formed with a through hole 81A formed in accordance with the position of the pair of through holes 77A. The through hole 81A is a cylindrical hole formed to match the size of the pin 73. The pin 73 is inserted into the pair of through holes 77A and the through hole 81A of the base 81 inserted into the first insertion portion 79A. Thereby, the clutch member 71 is held with respect to the drive shaft 45 by the pin 73.

Furthermore, when the pin 73 is inserted into the through hole 77A, the circular engaging portion 73A formed at the base end engages with the outer circumferential surface of the distal end portion 77, so that the pin 73 can be moved to one side in the axial direction. is regulated. Further, a ring groove 73B is formed at the tip of the pin 73 along the outer periphery. The pin 73 is inserted into the pair of through holes 77A and 81A, and a metal ring 83 (such as a C-shaped retaining ring) is attached to the ring groove 73B at the tip to prevent relative movement with respect to the tip 77. Regulated. Note that the method for attaching the clutch member 71 to the drive shaft 45 is not limited to the method using the pin 73 described above. For example, the base 81 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a pair of through holes 81A are formed to communicate the inside and outside. Each of the pair of through holes 81A and the pair of through holes 77A may be held by a rivet. Alternatively, the clutch member 71 may be formed integrally with the drive shaft 45 by machining the tip of the drive shaft 45 by cutting or the like.

Further, the insertion hole 79 is formed with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the clutch member 71 to be inserted, for example, and a gap (about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm) is provided between the insertion hole 79 and the clutch member 71. ing. The clutch member 71 has a degree of freedom that allows it to move relative to the tip portion 77 (drive shaft 45) along a direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft 47. This degree of freedom is a degree of freedom that allows misalignment of the transmission shaft 49 with respect to the drive shaft 45. Further, for example, the gap between the connecting portion 82 and the inner circumferential surface of the second insertion portion 79B is slightly wider than the gap between the base portion 81 and the inner circumferential surface of the first insertion portion 79A. . Furthermore, an elastic member groove 81B into which the O-ring 75 is fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting portion 82. The depth of the elastic member groove 81B is, for example, slightly shallower than the thickness of the O-ring 75. The clutch member 71 is inserted into the insertion hole 79 with the O-ring 75 fitted into the elastic member groove 81B. The O-ring 75 is placed in contact with and sandwiched between the inner circumferential surface of the second insertion portion 79B and the bottom of the elastic member groove 81B.

The allowable amount of axial misalignment that occurs in the axial direction of the pin 73 can be increased by widening the gap between the clutch member 71 and the insertion hole 79. However, if the gap is simply increased to a size that can secure the necessary tolerance, there is a risk that the clutch member 71 will be displaced due to its own weight or the weight of the rotary tool 25. As a result, the position of the clutch member 71 may shift due to gravity or the like, causing shaft misalignment, which may cause vibrations or abnormal noises. Therefore, in the clutch device 51 of this embodiment, a gap is provided between the clutch member 71 and the insertion hole 79, and an O-ring 75 is provided between the clutch member 71 and the insertion hole 79. Thereby, even if the gap is increased, the elastic force of the O-ring 75 allows the clutch member 71 to be placed in the correct position against gravity and the like. Note that the machine tool 10 may have a configuration in which the gap between the clutch member 71 and the insertion hole 79 and the O-ring 75 are not provided.

(Regarding the protruding portion 65 and the first and second groove portions 91 and 92)
Next, a connection structure between the clutch member 71 and the power transmission shaft 49 will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 7, a protruding portion 65 is formed at the tip of the transmission shaft 49. As shown in FIGS. The convex portion 65 is, for example, in the shape of a plate having a predetermined thickness, and protrudes outward in the axial direction from the circular tip surface 66 of the power transmission shaft 49 . The length of the protruding strip 65 in the axial direction is the height H, the length in the thickness direction is the width W, and the length in the direction perpendicular to both the height direction and the thickness direction is the length L. For example, the protruding portion 65 has a plate shape that passes through the center (rotation center) of the circular tip surface 66 and extends along the diameter of the circular power transmission shaft 49 .

On the other hand, the connecting portion 82 is formed with two grooves, a first groove 91 and a second groove 92, into which the protrusion 65 of the transmission shaft 49 is inserted. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the holder member 23 and the clutch member 71. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are provided closer to the distal end than the elastic member groove 81B in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47, and are connected to the protruding strip portion 65 in the axial direction. They are located at opposite positions. Each of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 is formed by recessing the connecting portion 82 in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47, and is formed along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

The first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are formed in directions perpendicular to each other. Therefore, when the clutch member 71 is viewed from the distal end side in the axial direction, a cross-shaped groove is formed. The first groove portion 91 is arranged at a position rotated by 90 degrees from the position of the second groove portion 92 in a rotation direction 50 (see FIG. 9) about the rotating shaft 47. For example, the first groove portion 91 is formed along a direction perpendicular to both the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47 and the axial direction of the pin 73 while keeping the width W1 of the pin 73 constant in the axial direction. Further, while keeping the width W2 constant in the direction along the groove of the first groove part 91, the second groove part 92 extends in both the direction along the groove of the first groove part 91 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47. It is formed along the orthogonal direction, that is, the axial direction of the pin 73. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, the bottom of the first groove 91 is slightly lower than the bottom of the second groove 92.

Here, the shape of the convex strip 65 of the rotary tool 25 depends on the cutting and drilling ability required of the cutting tool 57, the required high rigidity, the type of manufacturer that manufactures the rotary tool 25, etc. Be changed. For example, the protrusions 65 of the rotary tool 25 that can be attached to the tool post 21 of this embodiment include those having different widths W from each other. The width W is, for example, 6 mm, 8 mm, or 10 mm. On the other hand, the user may want to use a different rotary tool 25 depending on the size of the hole to be machined, the required machining accuracy, the price of the rotary tool 25, etc. However, in a typical conventional clutch member, only one groove is provided, and the rotary tool 25 used can only be one in which the protruding stripes 65 have the same shape.

On the other hand, the clutch member 71 of this embodiment has two grooves, a first groove 91 having a width W1 and a second groove 92 having a width W2. As a result, depending on the width W of the protruding part 65 of the rotary tool 25 to be used (indexed), the concave groove to be connected to the protruding part 65 can be switched, so that the rotary tool 25 with the protruding part 65 having a different shape can be used. It can be used with one tool post 21. Switching control of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 will be described later. In the following description, the width W1 is assumed to be 6 mm and the width W2 is 8 mm, as an example. Furthermore, in reality, in order to insert the protruding strip 65 having a width W of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, etc., it is necessary to make the width W1 slightly larger than 6 mm (6.0 mm, etc.), for example. be. That is, the widths W1 and W2 of the grooves are required to be slightly larger than the width W of the protruding portion 65. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the width W1 of 6 mm+α will be described as the width W1 of 6 mm, and the width W2 of 8 mm+α will be described as the width W2 of 8 mm.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a case where the widths W are different will be described as an example in which groove portions are provided in accordance with the shapes of the protruding stripes 65 having different shapes, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the height H of the protruding line part 65 differs for each rotary tool 25, the depth of each of the first and second groove parts 91 and 92 may be changed according to the height H of the protruding line part 65. good. For example, if the height H of the protruding strip 65 of the product of company A is longer than the height H of the protruding strip 65 of the product of company B, the first groove has a depth matching the height H of the product of company A. 91 and a second groove portion 92 having a depth matching the height H of the product of company B may be provided in the clutch member 71.

Similarly, for example, if the length L of the protruding part 65 is different for each rotary tool 25, the length of the groove of the first and second groove parts 91 and 92 is adjusted according to the length L of the protruding part 65. You may change it. Further, even if at least two of the width W, height H, and length L of the protruding strip 65 differ for each rotary tool 25, the first and second groove portions 91, which match the shape of each protruding strip 65, 92 may be provided.

Further, the shape of the clutch member 71 in this embodiment is an example. For example, the first groove portion 91 does not need to be disposed at a position that is out of phase with the second groove portion 92 by 90 degrees in the rotation direction 50. The first groove portion 91 may be arranged at a position shifted from the position of the second groove portion 92 by 45 degrees in phase in the rotational direction 50. Further, the clutch member 71 may include three or more groove portions. For example, the clutch member 71 may have a configuration including grooves each having a width of 6 mm, 8 mm, or 10 mm. In this case, three or more grooves may be provided at the same rotation angle in the rotation direction 50 of the clutch member 71, or may be arranged at different rotation angles.

(Spacer 27)
Next, the spacer 27 will be explained. The rotary tool 25 attached to each of the plurality of holders 23A of the holder member 23 maintains the posture of the protruding portion 65 of the transmission shaft 49 in a predetermined direction (predetermined rotational position) when the tool rest 21 is rotated. The tool rest 21 moves in the rotational direction 36 while keeping the position. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the protruding portion 65 of each rotary tool 25 moves in the rotation direction 36 with a side of length L (see FIG. 7) along the circumferential direction of the holder member 23.

As shown in FIG. 5, a shaft housing 67 that covers the clutch device 51 and accommodates the drive shaft 45 is provided at the working position 37 of the tool post 21. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 5, the shaft housing 67 has a recess 67A cut out in a direction parallel to the guide rail 63 (circumferential direction of the guide rail 63). The recess 67A is a groove formed at the outer peripheral end of the shaft housing 67 and extending along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63. Inside this shaft housing 67, first and second groove portions 91 and 92 of the clutch member 71 are arranged in an exposed state (visible from the outside).

As the tool rest 21 rotates, each of the plurality of rotary tools 25 rotates while keeping the posture of the transmission shaft 49 constant while being guided in the direction of the protruding strip 65 by the guide rail 63, and reaches the working position 37. The protruding strip portion 65 is inserted into the first groove portion 91 or the second groove portion 92 . In other words, the rotary tool 25 rotates while being maintained by the guide rail 63 in a posture in which the transmission shaft 49 can be connected to the clutch device 51. As described above, the spacer 27 can be attached to the holder 23A. FIG. 10 shows the spacer 27 attached to each holder 23A. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, each of the plurality of holders 23A has a flat surface formed on its outer peripheral surface, and a plurality of bolt holes (holes with internal threads) 95. A bolt 96 for attaching the spacer 27 is screwed into each of the plurality of bolt holes 95. For example, four bolt holes 95 are formed for one holder 23A. Four bolt holes 95 are formed at predetermined positions on the plane of the holder 23A. The positions of the four bolt holes 95 formed in any holder 23A are the same as the positions of the four bolt holes 95 formed in the other holders 23A. Therefore, in the holder member 23 of this embodiment, the bolt holes 95 formed in each of the holders 23A are all the same (common).

Although the plurality of spacers 27 attached to the holder member 23 have different shapes depending on the rotary tool 25 attached to the spacer 27, the positions where the bolts 96 are attached are the same. The spacer 27 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a predetermined thickness W3 (see FIG. 10) in the radial direction of the tool post 21. As a material for the spacer 27, for example, a material classified as carbon steel for mechanical structures (S45C) according to the JIS standard can be used. In FIG. 10, three different types of spacers 27A, 27B, and 27C are illustrated as an example. In the following description, different types of spacers will be collectively referred to as spacers 27. Each spacer 27A has four bolt holes 97 into which four bolts 96 are inserted. The positions of the four bolt holes 97 formed in any spacer 27 are the same as the positions of the four bolt holes 97 formed in other spacers 27. Therefore, the holder member 23 can attach different types of spacers 27A, 27B, and 27C to any of the ten holders 23A.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the spacer 27 is formed with a plurality of bolt holes 99 for attaching bolts 98 of the rotary tool 25 (see FIGS. 1 and 4). For example, four bolt holes 99 are formed in the spacer 27, and the rotary tool 25 is attached by screwing a bolt 98 into each bolt hole 99. Here, the rotary tool 25 differs not only in the shape of the protruding portion 65 but also in the position where the bolt 98 is attached, the thickness of the bolt 98, and the length of the transmission shaft 49 due to the above-mentioned differences in function, rigidity, manufacturer, etc. It may be different from other rotary tools 25. Therefore, the spacer 27 has a structure adapted to the rotary tool 25 having a different shape.

FIG. 11 shows a plurality of rotary tools 25, the outer diameter of the transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tools 25, and the insertion hole 101 of the rotary tools 25. FIG. 11 shows six types of rotary tools 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, and 25F as an example. In the following description, when the rotary tools 25A to 25F are collectively referred to, they will be referred to as the rotary tool 25. FIG. 11 shows a diagram in which each set of drawings arranged vertically relates to the same rotary tool 25. The top diagram shows the pitch (interval) PT of the insertion holes 101 of each rotary tool 25. Four insertion holes 101 into which bolts 98 are inserted are formed in each of the rotary tools 25A to 25F. The rotary tools 25A to 25F are fixed to the spacer 27 by screwing a bolt 98 inserted into the insertion hole 101 into a bolt hole 99 of the spacer 27 (see FIG. 10). The pitch PT, which is the distance between two of the four insertion holes 101, and the positions of the four insertion holes 101 differ depending on the type of the rotary tool 25, etc. Therefore, bolt holes 99 are formed in the spacer 27 in accordance with the pitch PT and position of the insertion hole 101 of the rotary tool 25 to be attached. Further, the thickness of the bolt 98 varies depending on the rigidity required of the rotary tool 25. Therefore, the diameter of the bolt hole 99 is determined according to the thickness of the bolt 98 to be attached. Thereby, by attaching the rotary tool 25 to the holder 23A via the spacer 27, the rotary tools 25A to 25F having different structures can be attached to any of the plurality of holders 23A.

The bolt 96 described above is an example of a spacer-side threaded member. The bolt hole 95 is an example of a holder-side screwed part. The bolt 98 is an example of a rotary tool side screwing member. The bolt hole 99 is an example of a spacer-side screwed part. Note that the method for attaching the spacer 27 to the holder 23A and the method for attaching the rotary tool 25 to the spacer 27 are not limited to the method using bolts and bolt holes. For example, instead of the bolts 98 and 99, screws may be used, or bolts and nuts may be used.

Furthermore, the outer diameter R1 of the power transmission shaft 49 is illustrated in the top diagram of FIG. The outer diameter R1 is, for example, the outer diameter of the thickest part of the transmission shaft 49 that is inserted into the holder member 23 and the spacer 27. This outer diameter R1 is also changed depending on, for example, the rigidity required of the rotary tool 25. As shown in FIG. 9, each holder 23A of the holder member 23 is formed with a shaft insertion hole 103 into which the transmission shaft 49 is inserted. The shaft insertion hole 103 is a circular hole that penetrates the holder 23A along the radial direction of the tool rest 21. The inner diameter of the shaft insertion hole 103 is, for example, larger than the largest outer diameter R1 of the outer diameters R1 of the rotary tool 25 attached to the holder 23A. Thereby, regardless of the type of rotary tool 25, the transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 can be inserted into the shaft insertion hole 103 of the holder 23A to which it is attached. Note that the shaft insertion hole 103 may have a different hole diameter for each holder 23A. For example, any holder 23A may have a shaft insertion hole 103 for a thick transmission shaft 49, and the other holders 23A may have a shaft insertion hole 103 for a thin transmission shaft 49.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a shaft insertion hole 105 into which the transmission shaft 49 is inserted is formed in the spacer 27. The shaft insertion hole 105 is a circular hole that penetrates the spacer 27 in the thickness direction (radial direction of the tool rest 21). The inner diameter of the shaft insertion hole 105 is, for example, larger than the outer diameter R1 of the transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 to be attached to the spacer 27 having the shaft insertion hole 105. Thereby, the transmission shaft 49 can be stably held by the shaft insertion hole 105 of the spacer 27. Incidentally, similarly to the shaft insertion hole 103, the hole diameter of the shaft insertion hole 105 of all the spacers 27 is made to be larger than or equal to the thickest outer diameter R1 of the outer diameter R1 of the rotary tool 25 attached to the holder 23A. It's okay.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, each spacer 27 is formed with a pair of grooves 107 that are perpendicular to each other. This is a groove into which, for example, when a positioning projection is provided on the surface of the rotary tool 25 on the spacer 27 side, the projection is inserted. The position and orientation of the rotary tool 25 relative to the spacer 27 (holder 23A) is determined by inserting the protrusion into the groove 107. Thereby, the rotary tool 25 can be attached to the holder 23A at an appropriate position and orientation. Note that a groove having the same shape as the groove 107 may be formed in the holder 23A so that the rotary tool 25 having a protrusion can be attached to the holder 23A, that is, without using the spacer 27. Further, the rotary tool 25 may have a structure without a protrusion. In this case, the spacer 27 does not need to include the groove 107.

The second figure from the top in FIG. 11 shows a state in which the mounting positions of the rotary tools 25 are aligned at position 109. For example, if all the rotary tools 25 are directly attached to the holder 23A without using the spacer 27, the position 109 will be at the plane of the holder 23A. In other words, the position 109 is the position of the mounting surface of each rotary tool 25A to 25F. In this case, the positions of the protrusions 65 of each rotary tool 25 are different from each other in the radial direction of the tool post 21. A position 111 in FIG. 11 indicates the position of the protruding portion 65 (the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25F) that is disposed innermost in the radial direction. In the other rotary tools 25A to 25E, the length (protrusion amount) of the power transmission shaft 49 protruding from position 109 is shorter than that of the rotary tool 25F. In other words, the protrusions 65 of the rotary tools 25A to 25E are arranged radially outward compared to the protrusions 65 of the rotary tool 25F. As a result, when all of the rotary tools 25A to 25F are installed at such position 109, there is a risk that the protrusions 65 of the rotary tools 25A to 25E other than the rotary tool 25F may not reach the first and second grooves. be.

Therefore, the spacer 27 is formed with a thickness W3 that corresponds to the length of the power transmission shaft 49 of the rotary tool 25 to be attached (the amount of protrusion from the mounting surface position 109). Then, the thickness W3 of each spacer 27 is set so that all the protrusions 65 are arranged at the positions in the radial direction of the tool post 21, that is, at the positions of the first and second grooves 91 and 92. has been done. As a result, the rotary tools 25A to 25F are attached to the holder 23A via the spacer 27, so that the protrusions 65 of each other are aligned in the radial direction of the tool rest 21 with respect to the rotation center of the tool rest 21 (center axis 35 in FIG. 2). ) at the same radius R2. Further, each of the protrusions 65 of the rotary tools 25A to 25F is arranged at a position with the same radius R2 as the first and second grooves 91 and 92 from the rotation center of the tool rest 21.

Specifically, the bottom diagram in FIG. 11 shows a state in which the protrusions 65 of all the rotary tools 25 are aligned at position 113. For example, assume that the plane of the holder 23A (the plane of the holder 23A to which the spacer 27 is attached) is aligned with the position 115. As shown in the second diagram from the top in FIG. 11, the rotary tool 25F has the largest protrusion amount by which the transmission shaft 49 protrudes from the position 109. Therefore, in the rotary tool 25F, when the protruding stripes 65 are aligned at the position 113, the distance from the position 115 to the mounting surface (corresponding to the thickness W3) is the longest. For this reason, as the spacer 27 to which the rotary tool 25F is attached, a spacer having a thicker thickness W3 is used, for example, as shown in a spacer 27C in FIG. 10. Conversely, in the rotary tool 25A, the amount by which the transmission shaft 49 protrudes from the position 109 is the smallest. Therefore, as the spacer 27 to which the rotary tool 25A is attached, for example, a spacer 27 having a thinner (smaller) thickness W3 is used, as shown in a spacer 27A in FIG. In this way, by attaching the spacer 27 with the thickness W3 corresponding to the protrusion amount of each rotary tool 25 (the length of the transmission shaft 49 and the position of the protruding strip 65), the radial position of the tool post 21 can be adjusted to the radius R2. The protruding portion 65 can be inserted into the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 in accordance with the position shown in FIG.

(About tool exchange process)
Next, the tool exchange process executed by the control device 15 will be described. FIG. 12 shows the contents of the tool exchange process. The control device 15 changes the type of tool indexed to the work position 37 by executing the tool exchange process. For example, upon receiving an instruction to start machining the workpiece, the control device 15 starts the process shown in FIG. 12 .

When the control device 15 starts the process shown in FIG. 12, first, in step (hereinafter simply referred to as S) 11, it determines whether or not to start tool exchange. The control device 15 makes a negative determination in S11 (S11: NO) in a state where tool replacement is not necessary, such as during machining of a workpiece, and repeatedly executes the determination process in S11. Further, for example, when machining by an arbitrary rotary tool 25 is completed, the control device 15 executes indexing of a tool necessary for machining in the next process based on the control program PG. When executing tool indexing, the control device 15 makes an affirmative determination in S11 (S11: YES) and starts turning the tool post 21 (S13). Note that the conditions for determining S11 are not limited to the conditions under which the control device 15 described above automatically determines tool replacement based on the machining process. For example, the control device 15 may determine whether to replace the tool based on an instruction from the user. When the control device 15 receives a tool replacement instruction from the user on the touch panel 13A, the control device 15 may make an affirmative determination in S11. Alternatively, the control device 15 may make an affirmative determination in S11 if the tool in use has reached its end of life and is replaced with a spare tool of the same type.

Furthermore, if the tool in use (before replacement) is the rotary tool 25, the control device 15 stops the rotation of the rotary tool 25 before starting rotation in S13. The control device 15 controls the servo motor 43 so that the attitude (rotational position) of the groove part in use (the first groove part 91 or the second groove part 92) is such that the protruding strip part 65 can be attached and detached. Then, the rotation of the drive shaft 45 is stopped. For example, when the convex strip 65 of the rotary tool 25 in use is connected to the first groove 91, the control device 15 controls the drive shaft when the first groove 91 is located along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63. 45 is stopped. In other words, the control device 15 stops the drive shaft 45 so that the first groove portion 91 stops at the same rotational position as before starting machining. Thereby, the control device 15 can remove the protruding portion 65 inserted into the first groove portion 91 by controlling the turning motor 33 to turn the tool rest 21 . In the following description, as an example, the first groove part 91 is used before the tool is replaced, and the clutch member 71 aligns the first groove part 91 in the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63 before turning in S13. The vehicle shall be stopped in this state.

Next, when the control device 15 starts turning in S13, it determines whether it is necessary to switch between the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 (S15). The control device 15 executes the determination in S15 depending on the tool attached to the holder 23A that will arrive at the working position 37 next in the rotational direction 36 of the tool post 21. As described above, in the setting data DT of the storage device 15B, holder identification information and information about the tool attached to the holder 23A indicated by the holder identification information are stored in association with each other. As the holder identification information, for example, a holder number given to each holder 23A can be used. For example, holder numbers 1 to 10 are set to the ten holders 23A of the tool rest 21 in order from an arbitrary holder 23A in a clockwise direction. In addition, the tool information includes information on the type of tool (bit, rotary tool, etc.) attached to the holder 23A indicated by the holder identification information (holder number), and information on the shape of the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25. Can be adopted. In this embodiment, information regarding the width W of the protruding part 65 can be used as information regarding the shape of the protruding part 65. For example, when attaching the rotary tool 25 to the holder 23A, the user inputs information on the holder number of the attached holder 23A and the type of tool using the touch panel 13A. Further, when attaching the rotary tool 25, the user inputs the value of the width W of the attached rotary tool 25 using the touch panel 13A. The control device 15 stores the received information on the holder number, the type of tool, and the width W in the setting data DT in association with each other. Note that the information regarding the shape of the protruding portion 65 is not limited to the information on the width W. As described above, when the heights H and lengths L of the protrusions 65 of the rotary tools 25A to 25F are different from each other, information on the height H and length L is used as information regarding the shape of the protrusions 65. It may also be set in the setting data DT.

Further, the storage device 15B stores, for example, information on the widths W1 and W2 of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 attached to the drive shaft 45, and information on the orientation of the clutch member 71. The orientation information here means, for example, that when the rotational position of the drive shaft 45 is set to the initial position, the recessed groove portion arranged along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63 is the first recessed groove portion 91 or the second recessed groove portion. This is information indicating whether it is the groove portion 92 or not. That is, this is information that allows the control device 15 to determine the relationship between the orientations of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 and the rotational position of the drive shaft 45. The information on the widths W1, W2 and orientation may be input by the user using the touch panel 13A. Alternatively, the control device 15 may determine the widths W1, W2 and orientation information from the identification number of the clutch member 71 input by the user.

In S15, the control device 15 determines the tool of the holder 23A (sometimes referred to as the next holder 23A) that will arrive at the work position 37 next based on the setting data DT. For example, the control device 15 searches the setting data DT for the holder number of the next holder 23A, and detects the type of tool and the width W of the protruding portion 65. If the tool of the next holder 23A is a cutting tool, the control device 15 makes a negative determination in S15 (S15: NO) and rotates the tool rest 21 until the next holder 23A is placed at the working position 37 (S19). . In this case, since there is no need to connect the tool placed at the work position 37 and the power transmission shaft 49, the tool is rotated without being switched.

On the other hand, the control device 15 determines, based on the setting data DT, that the tool in the next holder 23A is the rotary tool 25, and that the width W of the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25 is the width W2 (for example, 8 mm). If there is, an affirmative determination is made in S15 (S15: YES), and S17 is executed. In this case, it is necessary to rotate the clutch member 71 in order to arrange the rotary tool 25 of the next holder 23A at the working position 37 or to cause it to pass through the working position 37.

In S17, the control device 15 rotates the tool rest 21 in the rotational direction 36 to a rotational position where the convex strip 65 of the rotary tool 25 placed at the working position 37 comes out of the first groove 91 before replacement. , temporarily stops turning. For example, the control device 15 controls the cutter by half (in this embodiment, 13 degrees (=360 degrees*(1/10 holder)*(1/2)) of the rotation angle between two adjacent holders 23A in the rotation direction 36. The stand 21 is rotated and stopped. As a result, the protruding portion 65 is removed from the first groove portion 91. The control device 15 drives the servo motor 43 to rotate the drive shaft 45 by 90 degrees. , the rotational positions of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are exchanged.The clutch member 71 is in a state where the second groove portion 92 extends along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63.

Next, in S19, the control device 15 drives the turning motor 33 to turn the tool rest 21 until the next holder 23A is placed at the working position 37 (S19). When the next holder 23A is placed at the working position 37, the protruding strip 65 of the rotary tool 25 attached to the next holder 23A, that is, the protruding strip 65 having a width W2, moves as the tool rest 21 rotates. , is inserted into the second groove portion 92 at the working position 37. Thereby, the drive shaft 45 and the transmission shaft 49 are connected via the clutch device 51.

In addition, the control device 15 determines whether or not the tool switching is completed by placing the next holder 23A at the working position 37 until the next holder 23A is rotated to the working position 37 after executing S19. (S21). If the desired tool, that is, the tool to be replaced is attached to the next holder 23A, the control device 15 makes an affirmative determination in S21 (S21: YES). When the control device 15 places the next holder 23A at the working position 37, the control device 15 stops the rotation of the tool post 21. Thereby, a desired tool can be indexed to the working position 37. The control device 15 starts machining the workpiece using the determined tool (S23). The control device 15 ends the process shown in FIG. 12.

For example, when switching from the rotary tool 25 to the cutting tool of the adjacent holder 23A, or when switching from the 6 mm rotary tool 25 to the 6 mm rotary tool 25 of the adjacent holder 23A, the control device 15 does not execute S17. Only the tool rest 21 is rotated. Further, when switching from the 6 mm rotary tool 25 to the 8 mm rotary tool 25 of the adjacent holder 23A, the control device 15 executes S17 and switches from the first groove portion 91 to the second groove portion 92. Thereby, the second groove portion 92 having a width W2 matching the width W of the rotary tool 25 can be arranged and connected to the working position 37.

On the other hand, if the control device 15 makes a negative determination in S21 (S21: NO), that is, if the tool exchange is not completed, the control device 15 stops the rotation of the tool rest 21 at the position where the next holder 23A becomes the working position 37. The turning of the tool rest 21 is continued without causing the rotation (S25). The control device 15 re-executes the processing from S15 onwards while rotating the tool post 21. Thereby, the control device 15 appropriately rotates the drive shaft 45 while determining the tool attached to the next holder 23A in the rotation direction 36 based on the setting data DT, and rotates the tool rest 21 to the desired tool position. let When the final tool is a rotary tool 25, a concave groove portion corresponding to the width W of the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25 is arranged to appropriately connect the drive shaft 45 and the transmission shaft 49. I can do it.

For example, if 6 mm and 8 mm rotary tools 25 are arranged alternately between the tool before replacement and the tool to be replaced, the control device 15 executes S17 every time to The convex strip 65 is inserted into the concave groove while switching between 91 and 92 to pass through the working position 37. That is, when the width W of the protruding strip 65 of the next holder 23A does not match the width (width W1 or width W2) of the concave groove disposed along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63, the control device 15 , S17 are executed as appropriate to switch the concave groove portion. Furthermore, if only the cutting tool or 6mm rotary tool 25 is placed between the tool before replacement and the tool to be replaced, the control device 15 only rotates the tool rest 21 without executing S17. Execute. In addition, in the above example, the case where the first groove part 91 is used in the state before replacement has been described, but the switching can be performed in the same way even when the second groove part 92 is used.

Furthermore, the contents, processing order, etc. of the flowchart shown in FIG. 12 are merely examples. For example, although the control device 15 temporarily stops the rotation of the tool rest 21 in S17, it does not have to stop the rotation. The control device 15 continues to rotate the tool rest 21 and starts rotating the drive shaft 45 at the timing when the protruding portion 65 comes out of the first recessed groove portion 91. The switching of the second groove portions 91 and 92 may also be performed in parallel.

Furthermore, in the flowchart shown in FIG. 12, the first groove portion 91 or the second groove portion 92 is arranged to match the width W of the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25 attached to the next holder 23A in the rotation direction 36. , but not limited to this. For example, the control device 15 arranges the second groove part 92 having a width W2, which is the wider of the two groove parts, so that the convex strip 65 of the 6 mm rotary tool 25 passes through the second groove part 92 of 8 mm. You can let me. Specifically, for example, when the first recessed groove portion 91 is used, the control device 15 rotates the tool rest 21 to a position where the protruding strip portion 65 comes out, the first and second recessed groove portions 91 and 92 Switch. The control device 15 arranges the clutch member 71 so that the second groove portion 92 runs along the circumferential direction of the guide rail 63 until the tool to be indexed becomes the next holder 23A. That is, the second recessed groove portion 92 having a wide groove width is disposed until the desired tool reaches the next holder 23A. As a result, any of the cutting tool, the 6 mm rotary tool 25, and the 8 mm rotary tool 25 can be passed through the working position 37. Then, when the tool to be indexed is the next holder 23A and the tool of the next holder 23A is a cutting tool or an 8 mm rotary tool 25, the control device 15 leaves the clutch member 71 in the same state without rotating it. On the other hand, if the tool to be indexed is the next holder 23A and the tool to be indexed is the 6 mm rotary tool 25, the control device 15 executes S17 to switch from the second groove part 92 to the first groove part 91. . That is, while the tool rest 21 is being rotated, the second groove part 92 may be placed, and only when the 6 mm rotary tool 25 is finally placed, switching to the first groove part 91 may be performed. Thereby, in the tool switching operation, it is possible to reduce the number of times the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are switched, that is, the number of times the drive shaft 45 is rotated.

Furthermore, in S15, the control device 15 determines whether or not the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are to be switched while the holder 23A is being rotated to the next holder 23A, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the control device 15 may determine the switching timing of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 in advance based on the setting data DT before starting the rotation of the tool rest 21 in S13. For example, the control device 15 determines at what timing (when the holder It may be determined in advance whether to execute the process based on the number). At this time, the control device 15 may optimize the rotation direction 36. For example, consider a case where the tool with holder number 1 is switched to the tool with holder number 5 by rotating the tool rest 21 in the clockwise direction. In this case, if the number of times the first and second groove parts 91 and 92 are switched when the turret 21 is rotated clockwise is greater than the number of times they are switched when the turret 21 is rotated counterclockwise, the control The device 15 may determine the direction of rotation 36 to be counterclockwise. Thereby, the number of times the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are switched can be reduced in the tool switching operation.

As described above, the clutch member 71 of this embodiment rotates with the rotation of the drive shaft 45, and the positions of the first groove portion 91 and the second groove portion 92 are changed. According to this, it is possible to rotate the drive shaft 45 and switch between the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 according to the width W of the protruding portion 65 .

Further, in S17, when the rotating tool 25 with a width W of 8 mm is placed at the working position 37, the control device 15 determines that the rotating tool 25 is placed at a rotating position where the protruding portion 65 can be inserted into the second groove portion 92 of 8 mm (the guide rail 63). The drive shaft 45 is rotated to a position along the circumferential direction). According to this, the control device 15 can automatically switch between the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 and connect the drive shaft 45 and the transmission shaft 49. That is, it is possible to automatically switch between rotary tools 25 having protrusions 65 of different shapes. Note that the user may operate the touch panel 13A to switch between the first and second groove portions 91 and 92.

Further, the plurality of rotary tools 25A to 25F rotate with the rotation of the tool rest 21, with the protrusions 65 oriented in the same direction as the protrusions 65 of the other rotary tools 25. The first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are linear grooves, and are formed in the clutch member 71 along directions perpendicular to each other. According to this, the groove portion can be switched by rotating the drive shaft 45 by 90 degrees. Furthermore, by making the first and second grooves 91 and 92 orthogonal to each other, the thickness of the parts other than the grooves can be ensured, and even if a plurality of grooves are formed in the clutch member 71, the rigidity of each groove is Rigidity capable of withstanding connection and rotation with the strip portion 65 can be ensured.

The control device 15 also rotates the clutch member 71 by 90 degrees based on the holder number (an example of holder identification information) of the holder 23A to which the rotary tool 25 connected to the drive shaft 45 is attached and the setting data DT. (set the rotation position). According to this, by setting the setting data DT, the control device 15 can determine whether or not rotation is necessary based on the holder number and the setting data DT.

Further, when changing the rotary tool 25, the control device 15 rotates the tool post 21 and removes the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25 before the change from the first groove portion 91 (S13, an example of a removal process). The control device 15 rotates the drive shaft 45 to change the orientation of the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 (S17, an example of a drive shaft rotation process). After executing S17, the control device 15 rotates the tool rest 21 and inserts the protruding portion 65 of the changed rotary tool 25 into the first groove portion into which the protruding portion 65 of the pre-changed rotary tool 25 was inserted. 91 (S19, an example of an insertion process). According to this, the control device 15 controls the rotation of the tool rest 21 and the rotation of the drive shaft 45, thereby making it possible to switch between the rotary tools 25 having the protrusions 65 having different shapes.

Further, the control device 15 executes S13 to remove the protruding portion 65 from the first groove portion 91, stops the rotation of the tool rest 21 at 13 degrees (S17), and rotates the drive shaft 45 at 90 degrees in the stopped state. Rotate. After rotating the drive shaft 45 by 90 degrees, the control device 15 further rotates the tool rest 21 by 13 degrees and inserts the convex portion 65 into the second groove portion 92 . According to this, the protruding portion 65 can be inserted after the tool rest 21 is stopped and the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are reliably switched. Interference between the concave groove portion and the protruding portion 65 is eliminated, and the rotating tool 25 can be switched more reliably.

Furthermore, as described above, the spacer 27 has the shaft insertion hole 105 into which the transmission shaft 49 is inserted, and the bolt hole 99 into which the bolt 98 for attaching the rotary tool 25 is screwed. Further, the holder 23A has a bolt hole 95 into which a bolt 96 for attaching the spacer 27 is screwed, and the position where the bolt hole 95 is formed is the same as that of the other holders 23A. Thereby, for example, even if the thickness and pitch PT of the bolts 98 differ due to differences in required rigidity, manufacturer, etc., the bolts 98 can be attached to the holder 23A via the spacer 27. Further, the structure of the holder 23A can be made common. Therefore, the versatility of the tool post 21 can be improved.

(About error detection)
Next, a method for detecting errors associated with tool replacement will be described. In the machine tool 10 of this embodiment, rotating tools 25A to 25F having different widths W can be attached to the tool rest 21. Suppose that due to a mistake in attaching the rotary tool 25 or the spacer 27, or a mistake in inputting the setting data DT, the convex strips 65 with mismatched shapes are inserted into the first and second grooves 91 and 92 (hereinafter referred to as connection). If there is a possibility that a mistake (referred to as a mistake) may occur, countermeasures may be taken. For example, an information member such as an IC tag may be added to each of the rotary tools 25A to 25F. As the information associated with the information member, for example, the identification number of the rotary tool 25 and information on the width W of the protruding strip 65 may be associated. Then, the control device 15 reads information from the information member of the rotary tool 25 disposed at the working position 37, and controls the concave groove portion (first concave groove portion 91 or A second groove portion 92) may also be provided. In this case, the machine tool 10 may include a reader near the work position 37 that reads information from the information member. Further, the information member is not limited to an IC tag, but may be a QR code (registered trademark) or the like.

Furthermore, the control device 15 may detect a connection error based on the operating state, for example. The control device 15 may detect a connection error based on an increase in the torque of the swing motor 33. For example, if an 8 mm protruding portion 65 is inserted into the first concave groove portion 91 having a width W1 of 6 mm, the first concave groove portion 91 and the convex portion 65 may interfere and the torque of the turning motor 33 may increase. There is sex. Therefore, the control device 15 may detect the connection error based on the increase in the torque of the swing motor 33 and notify the error. Further, for example, when the 6 mm protruding portion 65 is fitted into the second groove portion 92 having a width W2 of 8 mm, there is a possibility that the drive shaft 45 and the transmission shaft 49 may wobble or cause a rotational error. Therefore, the control device 15 may detect a connection error based on rattling or rotation error.

Incidentally, the rotating tools 25, 25A to 25F are examples of the first rotating tool and the second rotating tool. The work position 37 is an example of a connection position. The servo motor 43 is an example of a drive source. Clutch member 71 is an example of a clutch portion. The first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are examples of groove portions. The protruding portion 65 is an example of a first protruding portion and a second protruding portion. The bolt 96 is an example of a spacer-side threaded member. The bolt hole 95 is an example of a holder-side screwed part. The bolt 98 is an example of a rotary tool side screwing member. The bolt hole 99 is an example of a spacer-side screwed part.

As described above, the first embodiment described above has the following effects.
Each of the rotary tools 25A to 25F, which is one aspect of the present application, includes tools in which a protruding strip 65 is provided on the transmission shaft 49, and the width W of the protruding strip 65 is different from each other. The clutch member 71 of the drive shaft 45 is provided with first and second groove portions 91 and 92, which are formed to match the width W of each of the protrusions 65. According to this, the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 can be switched according to the width W of the protruding strip portion 65 of the transmission shaft 49 connected to the drive shaft 45, that is, the rotary tool 25 to be indexed. Therefore, the rotary tool 25 having the protruding portions 65 of different shapes can be attached to the tool post 21.

(Second example)
Next, a second example of the present disclosure will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are provided at positions that are out of phase by 90 degrees in the rotation direction 50. In contrast, the second embodiment differs in that the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are provided at different positions in the axial direction of the clutch member 71. In the following description, the same members as those in the first embodiment described above will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of a clutch member 71A of the second embodiment. FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the clutch member 71A. As described above, the width W1 of the first groove portion 91 is, for example, 6 mm. The width W2 of the second groove portion 92 is, for example, 8 mm. Further, the protruding part 65 of the rotary tool 25A shown in FIG. 11 is referred to as a protruding part 65A, and the width W (an example of the first width of the present disclosure) of the protruding part 65A is 6 mm. Further, the protruding portion 65 of the rotary tool 25B is referred to as a protruding portion 65B, and the width W (an example of the second width of the present disclosure) of the protruding portion 65B is 8 mm. In FIG. 14, the protruding part 65A (an example of a first protruding part) of the rotary tool 25A and the protruding part 65B (an example of a second protruding part) of the rotary tool 25B are illustrated with broken lines.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the first groove portion 91 is formed with a smaller width than the second groove portion 92, and the position of the second groove portion 92 in the direction along the rotation axis 47 of the clutch member 71A. It is provided on the proximal end side (base 81 side). For example, the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are formed along the radial direction (along the direction perpendicular to the paper plane of FIG. 14) passing through the center of the clutch member 71A (the midpoint in the left-right direction in FIG. 14). ing. Further, the opening of the first groove portion 91 is formed in the bottom portion 92A of the second groove portion 92.

As shown by the broken line in FIG. 14, the protruding portion 65B of the rotary tool 25B is inserted into the second groove portion 92. Further, the protruding portion 65A of the rotary tool 25A is inserted into the first groove portion 91. The protruding portion 65A is inserted into the first groove portion 91 via the second groove portion 92. In other words, the first groove portion 91 is provided at a position into which the tip of the protruding portion 65A inserted into the second groove portion 92 can be inserted.

The position of the protrusions 65A and 65B in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 47 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness W3 of the spacer 27 (see FIG. 10). Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the depth of the first groove portion 91 in the axial direction is set to W5. In this case, the thickness W3 of the spacer 27 to which the rotary tool 25A is attached is made thinner by the depth W5 than the thickness W3 of the spacer 27 to which the rotary tool 25B is attached. As a result, the distance of the protruding portion 65A from the center of rotation of the tool rest 21 in the radial direction of the tool rest 21 is shorter than that of the protruding portion 65B by the depth W5. By rotating the tool post 21, each of the protrusions 65A and 65B provided at different positions in the axial direction can be inserted into each of the first and second grooves 91 and 92.

As described above, the second embodiment described above has the following effects.
In the clutch member 71A, which is one aspect of the present application, first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are provided at different positions in the axial direction of the clutch member 71. According to this, when switching the rotary tools 25 of the tool rest 21 including the rotary tools 25A and 25B, there is no need to rotate the drive shaft 45 to switch between the first and second groove portions 91 and 92. Rotary tools 25 having different shapes of the protruding stripes 65 can be switched more quickly.

In addition, in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, an example was shown in which two groove portions are provided at different positions in the axial direction, but three or more groove portions may be provided at different positions in the axial direction. . That is, the clutch member 71A may have a configuration including three or more stages of grooves in the axial direction. Further, the groove portions located at different positions in the rotational direction 50 as in the first embodiment may be used in combination with the groove portions located at different positions in the axial direction as in the second embodiment. For example, first and second groove portions 91 and 92 located at different positions by 90 degrees in the rotational direction 50, a third groove portion provided at different positions in the axial direction, and even a fourth groove portion are provided in the clutch member 71. It may be formed.

Furthermore, the content of the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented in various forms with various changes and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
For example, in the first embodiment, the spacer 27 is attached to the holder 23A in all cases, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the rotary tool 25 or a cutting tool (not shown) may be directly attached to the holder 23A without using the spacer 27. In this case, the holder 23A may be provided with a groove 107 into which the rotary tool 25 or the cross-shaped protrusion of the cutting tool is inserted. Further, the surface of the rotary tool 25 or the cutting tool that is attached to the holder 23A may be a flat surface without providing a protrusion.
Further, the rotary tool of the present disclosure is not limited to the configuration in which the cutting tool 57 is attached as in the first embodiment. For example, it may be a unit that rotates a tool (bite), such as the tool rotation unit described in the prior art document. Therefore, the rotational driving force transmitted by the clutch member of the present disclosure may not be used as the power to rotate the cutting tool 57, but may be used as other power, such as the power to rotate the tool.

Further, the clutch member 71 may have a configuration including three or more groove portions having mutually different shapes.
Further, although the protruding portion 65 is provided on the transmission shaft 49 and the first and second groove portions 91 and 92 are provided on the drive shaft 45, the reverse may be used. That is, the transmission shaft 49 may be provided with a concave groove portion depending on the rigidity, etc., and the drive shaft 45 may be provided with a plurality of protrusions.
Further, although the clutch member 71 is attached to the tip of the drive shaft 45 using the pin 73, the present invention is not limited to this. Recessed grooves such as the first and second recessed grooves 91 and 92 may be formed by directly processing the tip of the drive shaft 45. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the O-ring 75 or the like on the drive shaft 45.
Furthermore, the machine tool 10 may have a configuration that does not use the spacer 27. For example, the rotary tools 25 having the same length of the transmission shaft 49 but different widths W of the protrusions 65 may be used by being attached to the tool rest 21.
Further, the machine tool of the present disclosure is not limited to a lathe, but may be any other machine tool such as a machining center that can attach a rotary tool to a tool rest.

Note that the content of the present disclosure is not limited to the dependent relationships described in the claims. For example, the technical idea in which "the machine tool according to claim 1 or claim 2" is changed to "the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4" in claim 5 is also included in the specification. The book is disclosed. Also, for example, regarding the technical idea in which "the machine tool according to claim 1 or claim 2" is changed to "the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7" in claim 8, This specification discloses. Also, for example, regarding the technical idea in which "the machine tool according to claim 1 or claim 2" is changed to "the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9" in claim 10, This specification discloses.

10 Machine tool, 15 Control device, 15B Storage device, 21 Tool rest, 23A Holder, 25, 25A to 25F Rotary tool (first rotary tool, second rotary tool), 27 Spacer, 37 Working position (connection position), 43 Servo motor (drive source), 45 Drive shaft, 49 Transmission shaft, 65 Convex portion (first convex portion, second convex portion), 65A Convex portion (first convex portion), 65B Convex portion ( 2nd convex groove part), 71, 71A clutch member (clutch part), 91 first concave groove part (concave groove part), 92 second concave groove part (concave groove part), 96 bolt (spacer side screwing member), 95 bolt hole (Holder side threaded part), 98 bolt (rotary tool side threaded member), 99 bolt hole (spacer side threaded part), 105 shaft insertion hole, DT setting data, R2 radius.

Claims (10)

1. A driving source,
   a drive shaft that rotates based on the drive of the drive source;
   A turret to which multiple rotary tools can be attached,
   Equipped with
   The drive shaft is
   A clutch portion is provided for transmitting rotational driving force from the drive shaft to the transmission shaft of the rotary tool,
   Each of the plurality of rotating tools is
   The transmission shaft is provided with a protruding part, and the protruding parts have different shapes,
   The clutch portion is
   A machine tool provided with grooves formed to match the shapes of the protrusions having different shapes.
2. Each of the plurality of rotating tools is
   a first rotary tool provided with a first convex portion having a first shape;
   a second rotary tool provided with a second protruding portion having a second shape that is different from the first shape;
   including;
   The clutch portion includes:
   a first groove portion formed to match the first shape of the first protruding portion;
   a second groove portion formed to match the second shape of the second protruding portion;
   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool rotates as the drive shaft rotates, and the positions of the first groove portion and the second groove portion are changed.
3. further comprising a control device that controls the tool rest and the drive source,
   The plurality of rotating tools include:
   Rotates as the tool rest rotates, and is connected to the drive shaft via the clutch portion at a connected position;
   The control device includes:
   When arranging the first rotating tool at the connecting position, the drive shaft is rotated to a rotational position where the first protruding portion can be inserted into the first groove, and the second rotating tool is placed at the connecting position. In this case, the machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the drive shaft is rotated to a rotational position where the second protruding portion can be inserted into the second groove portion.
4. The plurality of rotating tools include:
   Rotating along with the rotation of the tool post with the protruding stripes oriented in the same direction as the protruding stripes of the other rotary tools;
   The first groove portion and the second groove portion are
   The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the groove is a linear groove and is formed along directions orthogonal to each other in the clutch portion.
5. a control device that controls the tool rest and the drive source;
   a storage device;
   Furthermore,
   The clutch portion is
   rotates as the drive shaft rotates, and the orientation of the plurality of grooves is changed depending on the rotational position;
   The turret is
   having a plurality of holders to which each of the plurality of rotating tools can be attached;
   The storage device is
   It is possible to store setting data in which holder identification information that allows identification of the holder and information related to the shape of the convex strip of the rotary tool attached to the holder indicated by the holder identification information are associated. ,
   The control device includes:
   The work according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational position of the clutch portion is set based on the holder identification information of the holder to which the rotary tool connected to the drive shaft is attached and the setting data. machine.
6. The control device includes:
   When changing the rotating tool connected to the drive shaft by rotating the tool post, a removal process of rotating the tool post and removing the protruding portion of the rotating tool before the change from the groove;
   After performing the removal process, a drive shaft rotation process of rotating the drive shaft to change the orientation of the plurality of grooves;
   After executing the drive shaft rotation process, the tool post is rotated to insert the convex portion of the changed rotary tool into the concave groove portion into which the convex portion of the pre-changed rotary tool was inserted. Insertion processing for inserting into different grooves,
   The machine tool according to claim 5, which performs the following.
7. The control device includes:
   The removal process removes the protruding portion from the groove, rotates the tool rest to a predetermined turning position, and stops turning the tool rest;
   Executing the drive shaft rotation process while the rotation of the tool post is stopped;
   The machine tool according to claim 6, wherein after the rotation of the drive shaft in the drive shaft rotation process is completed, the tool post is further rotated from the predetermined rotation position and the insertion process is executed.
8. The turret is
   It has a plurality of holders to which each of the plurality of rotary tools can be attached, and a spacer can be attached between the holder and the rotary tool,
   Each of the plurality of rotating tools is
   By being attached to the holder via the spacer, the protrusions are arranged at the same radial position from the rotation center of the tool rest in the radial direction of the tool rest, and The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the machine tool is disposed at a position having the same radius as the groove from the center of rotation of the tool post.
9. The spacer is
   a shaft insertion hole into which the transmission shaft is inserted;
   a spacer-side threaded part into which the rotating tool-side threaded member to which the rotating tool is attached is threaded;
   has
   Each of the plurality of holders includes:
   A holder-side screwed part to which a spacer-side screwed member to which the spacer is attached is screwed, and a position where the holder-side screwed part is formed is the same as another holder. 8. The machine tool described in 8.
10. Each of the plurality of rotating tools is
    a first rotary tool provided with a first protruding portion having a first width;
    a second rotary tool provided with a second protruding portion having a second width different from the first width;
    including;
    The clutch portion includes:
    a first groove portion formed to match the first width of the first protruding portion;
    a second groove portion formed to match the second width of the second protruding portion;
    has
    The first groove portion is
    It is formed with a smaller width than the second groove, is provided closer to the proximal end than the second groove in the direction along the rotation axis of the clutch, and is inserted into the second groove. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the machine tool is provided at a position where the tip of the first protruding portion can be inserted.

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