WO2023232011A1 - 配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023232011A1
WO2023232011A1 PCT/CN2023/097040 CN2023097040W WO2023232011A1 WO 2023232011 A1 WO2023232011 A1 WO 2023232011A1 CN 2023097040 W CN2023097040 W CN 2023097040W WO 2023232011 A1 WO2023232011 A1 WO 2023232011A1
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Prior art keywords
bearing
deformation amount
motor output
finite element
transmission input
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张尤龙
马明辉
康一坡
闫博
刘明远
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FAW Group Corp
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FAW Group Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/04—Constraint-based CAD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of computer processing technology, for example, to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for determining fit tolerance.
  • the three-bearing motor transmission refers to a transmission with a three-bearing structural assembly.
  • the most suitable shaft space is usually defined for the three-bearing motor transmission. Fitting tolerance so that the motor output shaft and the transmission input shaft fit based on the fitting tolerance.
  • the method of determining the fit tolerance between shafts in the related art is usually based on the personal experience of engineers to determine the fit tolerance, and then use simulation test technology to test the performance of the three-bearing motor transmission based on the fit tolerance.
  • This fit determined based on personal experience Poor tolerance accuracy leads to poor simulation test accuracy and low efficiency, which leads to long simulation test cycles and wastes a lot of production and development costs.
  • This application provides a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for determining fit tolerances, so as to achieve the technical effect of improving test accuracy and efficiency while improving the accuracy of determining fit tolerances between shafts.
  • a method for determining fit tolerance includes:
  • a finite element model is constructed, and the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing are The contact components between the bearing and the third bearing are meshed to obtain at least one refined mesh to be used;
  • a fit tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft is determined.
  • a fitting tolerance determining device which device includes:
  • the refined mesh determination module to be used is configured to construct a finite element model based on the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing, and calculate the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft , meshing the contact components between the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing to obtain at least one refined mesh to be used;
  • a radial deformation amount determination module is configured to apply different forces to the finite element model, and determine the radial diameter of each refined grid to be used corresponding to the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft under different forces.
  • the amount of radial deformation wherein the direction of the amount of radial deformation is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the corresponding axis;
  • the target deformation amount determination module is configured to determine the target deformation amount based on the radial deformation amount
  • a fitting tolerance determination module is configured to determine a fitting tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft based on the target deformation amount.
  • an electronic device including:
  • the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the method described in any embodiment of the present application. Method for determining fit tolerances.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to implement any of the embodiments of the present application when executed by a processor. method for determining fit tolerances.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining fit tolerances provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-bearing structure provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a spline position grid provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spline axis symmetry of the motor output shaft provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of mesh partitioning refinement of a single spline tooth surface provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the bearing geometric structure provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the geometric structure of the bearing outer ring provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of establishing an RBE3 unit based on the outer surface of the bearing provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the geometric structure of the motor output shaft provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of establishing an RBE3 unit based on the outer surface of the motor shaft provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission input shaft provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of establishing an RBE3 unit based on the gear meshing point of the transmission input shaft provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor output shaft provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fitting tolerance determining device provided according to Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device that implements the fit tolerance determination method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Transmission input shaft 2101. Transmission input shaft spline; 2102.
  • Follower point primary driving gear meshing node; 2103. Nearby tooth surface; 2104. Tooth surface; 2105. RBE3 unit; 2106.
  • Motor output shaft 2501. Motor output shaft spline; 25011. Refined grid of spline tooth surface; 25012. Coarse grid of spline tooth surface; 2502. Principal point; 2503. Cylindrical coordinate system; 2504. RBE3 Unit; 2505, from point; 2506, shaft outer wall;
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a fit tolerance provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present application. This embodiment can be applied to the situation of determining the fit tolerance between shafts.
  • the method can be executed by a fit tolerance determining device.
  • the fit tolerance determines The device may be implemented in the form of hardware and/or software, and the fit tolerance determining device may be configured in a computing device. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • the three-bearing structure includes a transmission input shaft, a motor output shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a third bearing, etc.
  • Figure 2 can be represented as a schematic diagram of a three-bearing structure.
  • the transmission input shaft 210, the motor output shaft 250, the first bearing 220, the second bearing 230 and the third bearing 240 together form a three-bearing structure. All components in the three-bearing structure can be meshed, and the divided meshes can be assembled together to construct a finite element model.
  • the contact components between the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing can be meshed in a refined manner to obtain at least one refined mesh to be used,
  • the remaining part of the structure can be coarsely meshed to obtain at least one coarse mesh.
  • the refined mesh to be used has a smaller volume than the coarse mesh.
  • the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft rely on splines for contact. Refer to Figure 3.
  • Figure 3 can be represented as a spline position grid diagram.
  • the motor output shaft spline 2501 and the transmission input shaft spline can be The 2101 tooth surface grid is divided into zones, and the middle of the spline tooth surface is refined and the two ends are refined to form a spline tooth surface refined grid and a spline tooth surface coarsened grid.
  • it can be expressed as a symmetrical diagram of the motor shaft spline, then the motor output shaft spline 2501 and the transmission input Shaft spline 2101 can be modeled using axial symmetry based on the symmetry characteristics of the spline. For example, only a single spline tooth surface mesh is established. See Figure 5.
  • One spline tooth surface in the motor output shaft spline 2501 can be divided into The spline tooth surface refined grid 25011 (that is, the refined grid to be used) and the spline tooth surface coarsened grid 25012 can then establish a complete spline grid model through axial symmetry.
  • the finite element model of the complete three-bearing structural assembly can be obtained.
  • mechanical property parameters can be added to the finite element model, such as material properties or strains, deformation gradients, etc., so that the mechanical property parameters corresponding to each grid can be Characterize the actual mechanical properties of the corresponding component.
  • the method further includes: determining mechanical property data corresponding to the finite element model; and updating the finite element model based on the mechanical property data.
  • the mechanical property data includes material property data and structural property data.
  • corresponding mechanical property data can be defined for the finite element model.
  • the finite element model can be updated based on the defined mechanical property data to obtain a finite element model with mechanical properties.
  • the method further includes: determining a first model boundary condition and a second model boundary condition corresponding to the finite element model; and updating the finite element model based on the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition.
  • the first model boundary condition is determined based on the fixed first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing, for example, all degrees of freedom of the fixed bearing except the axial rotational degree of freedom.
  • the second model boundary condition is determined based on a fixed motor output shaft, for example, a fixed motor output shaft axial rotational degree of freedom.
  • boundary restriction conditions can be imposed on the finite element model, and the model boundary restriction conditions can be divided into two categories: one is the first model boundary condition, and the other is the second model boundary condition.
  • first model boundary condition that is, fixing all the degrees of freedom of the bearing except the axial rotational freedom
  • the outer rings of the first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing can be fixed to simulate the transmission and motor housing.
  • the body supports the bearing.
  • the first bearing as an example to illustrate the fixing process of the bearing outer ring, as shown in Figure 6, it can be represented as a schematic diagram of the bearing geometric structure.
  • the bearing outer ring 2201 When fixing the bearing outer ring 2201, it needs to be applied with the help of the RBE3 unit, as shown in Figure 7, which can be represented
  • the main point 2202 of the RBE3 unit selects the outer ring surface of the bearing outer ring 2201, and the bearing geometric center is selected from point 2203.
  • it can be expressed as the schematic diagram of the RBE3 unit established for the outer surface of the bearing, RBE3 Unit 2205 from point 2203
  • the 6 o'clock degree of freedom around the cylindrical coordinate system 2204 is not constrained, and all other degrees of freedom are constrained.
  • the Z axis of the cylindrical coordinate system 2204 is along the gear axis axis direction
  • the R axis is along the radial direction of the gear axis
  • the t axis is determined by Z and R according to The right hand criterion is determined.
  • Figure 9 can be represented as a schematic diagram of the geometric structure of the motor output shaft.
  • RBE3 unit application as shown in Figure 10, can be expressed as a schematic diagram of establishing an RBE3 unit for the outer surface of the motor shaft.
  • the main point 2502 of the RBE3 unit 2504 selects the outer surface of the motor output shaft 250, and the geometric center of the motor output shaft 250 is selected from point 2505. Only constraints are applied.
  • RBE3 element 2504 has a 6 o'clock degree of freedom from point 2505 about cylindrical coordinate system 2503. In the process of force analysis of the finite element model, all degrees of freedom of the fixed bearing except the axial rotational freedom, as well as the axial rotational freedom of the fixed motor output shaft, are used to improve the accuracy of the model analysis.
  • the acting force can be understood as load.
  • the acting force includes bearing interference force, transmission gear meshing force and motor eccentric load.
  • the transmission gear meshing force is based on the gear pitch circle diameter of the transmission input shaft, gear transmission torque, gear The normal pressure angle and the helix angle at the gear pitch circle are determined.
  • the bearing interference force can be understood as the interference force between the contact areas of the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing.
  • the eccentric load of the motor can be understood as the radial electromagnetic force. The direction of the radial deformation is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the corresponding axis.
  • At least one of the bearing interference force, transmission gear meshing force and motor eccentric load can be applied to the finite element model.
  • each grid in the finite element model may produce corresponding deformations, and the transmission input can be obtained.
  • the radial deformation amount of each refined mesh to be used at the shaft and the motor output shaft under different kinds of forces is used to determine the fit tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft based on the radial deformation amount.
  • the radial deformation amount of the grid can be three test conditions, which can be: preload condition, gear force condition, and eccentric force condition.
  • the boundary conditions used in the three test conditions are the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition.
  • the preload condition test only the interference amount of the bearing inner ring, that is, the bearing interference force, can be applied, and the transmission gear meshing force and motor eccentric load are not applied.
  • the gear force condition test the transmission gear meshing force can be applied based on the preload condition.
  • the motor eccentric load can be applied based on the preload condition.
  • the deformation amount includes: applying a bearing interference force to the second bearing in the finite element model to obtain the radial deformation amount of each refined mesh to be used corresponding to the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the corresponding interference contact relationship can be established at the contact part grid, that is, the corresponding bearing interference force can be set.
  • the bearing interference force can be applied to the second bearing in the finite element model, and then the finite element model calculation and analysis of the three-bearing structure can be performed.
  • the time period of each test condition can be averaged Set to 1, the time increment is set to 0.1, and the Newton-Raphson method is used to iteratively calculate and output the analysis results of the three-bearing finite element model during the preload condition test.
  • the analysis results can be processed to extract the radial deformation amount of each refined grid to be used on the shaft inner wall (ie, shaft inner surface) of the transmission input shaft at the position corresponding to the second bearing position, for example, see Figure 11.
  • Figure 11 can be represented as a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission input shaft, and the radial deformation amount of each refinement grid to be used on the shaft inner wall 2106 of the transmission input shaft 210 corresponding to the second bearing position can be obtained.
  • Variables include: determining the gear meshing node based on the gear pitch circle diameter of the transmission input shaft in the finite element model; applying the transmission gear meshing force to the gear meshing node when applying the bearing interference force to the second bearing in the finite element model , obtain the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position, and the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the gear meshing node can be determined based on the gear pitch circle diameter of the transmission input shaft in the finite element model.
  • Figure 12 can be shown as a schematic diagram of establishing an RBE3 unit for the gear meshing point of the transmission input shaft. It can be The slave point 2102 of the RBE3 unit 2105 is used as the first-level driving gear meshing node. The unit nodes on the nearby tooth surfaces 2103 and 2104 are the main points of the RBE3 unit 2105. The first-level driving gear meshing node 2102 can be used as the transmission gear meshing force. The node applied at is the gear mesh node, which is on the gear pitch circle diameter.
  • the gear meshing force can be calculated according to formula (1) based on the gear transmission torque M of the transmission input shaft, gear meshing parameters and gear load.
  • Formula (1) is as follows:
  • the gear meshing force includes the circumferential force F t , radial force Fr and axial force Fa of the gear, which can be applied with the help of a local cylindrical coordinate system defined on the axis of the transmission input shaft.
  • M is the torque transmitted by the gear, That is, the gear transmits torque
  • d is the gear pitch circle diameter
  • ⁇ n is the gear normal pressure angle
  • ⁇ is the helix angle at the gear pitch circle.
  • the transmission gear meshing force can be applied to the gear meshing node, and then the finite element model can be calculated and analyzed for the three-bearing structure, and the Newton-Raphson method can be used to iterate Calculate and output the analysis results of the three-bearing finite element model during the gear force condition test.
  • the analysis results can be processed to extract the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall (i.e., the inner surface) of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position, and the shaft outer wall (i.e., the motor output shaft) at the second bearing position.
  • the amount of radial deformation corresponding to the outer surface for example, see Figure 13.
  • Figure 13 can be represented as a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor output shaft, wherein the mark 2506 in Figure 13 can be represented as the position of the motor output shaft 250 corresponding to the second bearing position.
  • Variables include: determining the motor load starting point of the motor output shaft in the finite element model; when applying the bearing interference force to the second bearing in the finite element model, applying the motor eccentric load to the motor load starting point to obtain the transmission input shaft at the third The radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall at the second bearing position, and the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the RBE3 unit can be used to determine the slave point of the RBE3 unit as the motor load slave point of the motor output shaft in the finite element model.
  • an eccentric load can be applied to the motor load from a point.
  • the eccentric load F maximum single load
  • the eccentric load F is exerted on the slave point 2505 of the RBE3 unit 2504 in a static load manner, and the eccentric load direction is the R-axis direction of the cylindrical coordinate system 2503.
  • the finite element model can be calculated and analyzed for the three-bearing structure, and the Newton-Raphson method can be used to iteratively calculate and output the analysis results of the three-bearing finite element model during the eccentric force condition test.
  • the analysis results can be processed to extract the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall (ie, the inner surface) of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position, and the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft outer wall (ie, the outer surface) of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position. The corresponding radial deformation amount.
  • the radial deformation amount can be processed to obtain the target deformation amount used to determine the fit tolerance.
  • the corresponding radial deformation amount to be used can be determined from the radial deformation amount under each test condition. variables, and then determine the target deformation amount based on the determined radial deformation amount to be used.
  • radial deformation amount determines the minimum radial deformation amount of the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position under different acting forces; and determine the maximum diameter of the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position under different acting forces.
  • radial deformation amount determines the target deformation amount based on the minimum radial deformation amount and the maximum radial deformation amount.
  • the transmission input shaft can be extracted from the second bearing
  • the smallest radial deformation amount among the radial deformation amounts corresponding to the inner wall of the shaft at the second bearing position is recorded as u 1 ;
  • the gear force condition test the radial deformation amount corresponding to the inner wall of the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position can be extracted
  • the smallest radial deformation amount among the deformations is recorded as u 2
  • the largest radial deformation amount among the radial deformation amounts corresponding to the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position is recorded as u 3 ;
  • the eccentric force Under the working condition test the smallest radial deformation amount corresponding to the inner shaft wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position can be extracted, recorded as u 4 , and the outer shaft wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the largest radial deformation amount among the corresponding radial deformation amounts is recorded as u 5 .
  • , (i 1, 2,...,5) (2)
  • the inter-shaft fit tolerance of the motor output shaft and the transmission input shaft in the three-bearing structure at the position corresponding to the intermediate bearing can be determined based on the target deformation amount.
  • the inter-shaft fit tolerance should be greater than the obtained target deformation amount.
  • This embodiment obtains at least one refined mesh to be used by meshing the contact components between the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing in the finite element model, and Apply different kinds of forces to the finite element model, determine the radial deformation amount of the refined mesh to be used corresponding to the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft under different forces, and determine the target deformation amount based on the radial deformation amount, Then, based on the target deformation amount, the fitting tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft is determined, which solves the problem in the related technology of determining the fitting tolerance between the shafts of the three-bearing structure based on manual experience, resulting in low accuracy in determining the fitting tolerance, and realizes In order to determine the corresponding radial deformation amounts of the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft under different kinds of forces when applying different kinds of forces to the finite element model, combined with different test conditions, based on the According to the radial deformation amount, the target deformation amount is determined,
  • a finite element model of the three-bearing structural assembly can be established, respectively All components in the three-bearing structure are meshed.
  • the three-bearing structure includes the transmission input shaft 210, the motor output shaft 250, the first bearing 220, the second bearing 230 and the third bearing 240, and the divided mesh is assembled on Together, a finite element model is constructed.
  • the contact components between the transmission input shaft 210, the motor output shaft 250, the first bearing 220, the second bearing 230 and the third bearing 240 can be meshed in a refined manner to obtain at least one to be used.
  • coarse mesh can be performed on the remaining part of the structure to obtain at least one coarse mesh.
  • the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft are contacted by splines.
  • the motor output shaft spline 2501 and the transmission input shaft spline 2101 can be connected.
  • the surface mesh is partitioned and meshed, and the middle of the spline tooth surface is refined and the two ends are refined to form a spline tooth surface refined mesh and a spline tooth surface coarsened mesh.
  • Both the motor output shaft spline 2501 and the transmission input shaft spline 2101 can be modeled using axial symmetry based on the symmetrical characteristics of the spline.
  • spline tooth surface in the motor output shaft spline 2501 can be divided into a spline tooth surface refined grid 25011 (that is, the refined grid to be used) and a spline tooth surface coarsening grid. Grid 25012, and then a complete spline grid model can be established through axial symmetry.
  • the transmission input shaft 210, the motor output shaft 250, the first bearing 220, the second The contact area of the bearing 230 and the third bearing 240 is cut to form a regular geometric area, so that the unit nodes of the contact part grid correspond one to one, and a corresponding interference contact relationship is established.
  • All finite element models are linear elastic materials and other mechanical property data, and finite element model boundary conditions can also be applied. That is, the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition, where the first model boundary condition is all the degrees of freedom of the fixed bearing except the axial rotational degree of freedom.
  • the second model boundary condition is to fix the axial rotational freedom of the motor output shaft.
  • the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition can separately constrain the finite element model. For example, continue to refer to Figure 6. When fixing the bearing outer ring 2201 in Figure 6, it needs to be applied with the help of the RBE3 unit.
  • the main point 2202 of the RBE3 unit selects the outer ring surface of the bearing outer ring 2201, and the bearing outer ring 2201 is selected from the point 2203.
  • the degree of freedom of the RBE3 unit from point 2203 around the 6 o'clock direction of the cylindrical coordinate system 2204 is not constrained, and all other degrees of freedom are constrained.
  • the Z axis of the cylindrical coordinate system 2204 is along the gear The axis axis direction, the R axis is along the radial direction of the gear axis, and the t axis is determined by Z and R according to the right-hand criterion.
  • test conditions can be respectively: preload condition, gear force condition, and eccentric force condition.
  • the boundary conditions used in these three test conditions are the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition. Among them, when performing the preload condition test, only the interference amount of the bearing inner ring, that is, the bearing interference force, can be applied, and the transmission gear meshing force and motor eccentric load are not applied. When performing the gear force condition test, the transmission gear meshing force can be applied on the basis of the preload condition.
  • the first-level driving gear meshing node 2102 can be the slave point of the RBE3 unit 2105, and the nearby teeth
  • the unit nodes on the surface 2103 and the tooth surface 2104 are the main points of the RBE3 unit 2105.
  • the primary driving gear meshing node 2102 can be used as the node where the transmission gear meshing force needs to be applied, that is, the gear meshing node.
  • the gear meshing node is at the gear node. circle diameter.
  • the gear meshing force can be calculated according to formula (1) based on the gear transmission torque of the transmission input shaft, gear meshing parameters and gear load.
  • Formula (1) is as follows:
  • the gear meshing force includes the circumferential force F t , radial force Fr and axial force Fa of the gear, which can be applied with the help of a local cylindrical coordinate system defined on the axis of the transmission input shaft.
  • M is the torque transmitted by the gear, that is, the torque transmitted by the gear
  • d is the gear pitch circle diameter
  • ⁇ n is the gear normal pressure angle
  • ⁇ is the helix angle at the gear pitch circle.
  • the eccentric load F (maximum unilateral magnetic pull force) received by the motor output shaft during operation can be ) is applied as a static load on the slave point 2505 of the RBE3 unit 2504, and the eccentric load direction is the R-axis direction of the cylindrical coordinate system 2503.
  • the time period of each test condition can be set to 1, the time increment can be set to 0.1, and the Newton-Raphson method can be used to iteratively calculate and output the analysis results of the three-bearing finite element model during the three test conditions.
  • the smallest radial deformation amount corresponding to the inner wall of the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position can be extracted, recorded as u 1 ; for the gear force condition test, the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position can be extracted The smallest radial deformation amount corresponding to the radial deformation amount of the shaft inner wall at the second bearing position, recorded as u 2 , and the largest radial deformation amount corresponding to the radial deformation amount of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • U can be expressed as the target deformation amount
  • the inter-shaft fit tolerance of the motor output shaft and the transmission input shaft in the three-bearing structure at the position corresponding to the intermediate bearing can be determined based on the target deformation amount.
  • the inter-shaft fit tolerance should be greater than the obtained target deformation amount U. .
  • This embodiment obtains at least one refined mesh to be used by meshing the contact components between the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing in the finite element model, and Apply different kinds of forces to the finite element model, determine the radial deformation amount of each refined mesh corresponding to the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft under different forces, and determine the target deformation based on the radial deformation amount. variables, and then based on the target deformation amount, the fit tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft is determined, which solves the problem in related technologies that the fit tolerance between the shafts of the three-bearing structure is determined based on manual experience, resulting in low accuracy in determining the fit tolerance.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fitting tolerance determining device provided according to Embodiment 3 of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the device includes: a refined mesh to be used determining module 410, a radial deformation amount determining module 420, a target deformation amount determining module 430 and a fit tolerance determining module 440.
  • the refined mesh determination module 410 to be used is configured to construct a finite element model based on the transmission input shaft, the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing, and the third bearing, and calculate the transmission input shaft, the The contact components between the motor output shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing are meshed to obtain at least one refined mesh to be used;
  • the radial deformation amount determination module 420 is configured to apply different forces to the finite element model, and determine the parameters of each refined grid to be used corresponding to the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft under different forces.
  • the amount of radial deformation wherein the direction of the amount of radial deformation is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the corresponding axis;
  • the target deformation amount determination module 430 is configured to determine the target deformation amount based on the radial deformation amount
  • the fitting tolerance determination module 440 is configured to determine the fitting tolerance between the transmission input shaft and the motor output shaft based on the target deformation amount.
  • the device further includes a first update module of the finite element model.
  • the first update module of the finite element model includes a mechanical property data determination unit and a first update unit of the finite element model.
  • a mechanical property data determination unit configured to determine mechanical property data corresponding to the finite element model; wherein the mechanical property data includes material property data and structural property data;
  • the first update unit of the finite element model is configured to update the finite element model based on the mechanical property data.
  • the device further includes a second update module of the finite element model.
  • the second update module of the finite element model includes a boundary condition determination unit and a second update unit of the finite element model.
  • a boundary condition determination unit configured to determine the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition corresponding to the finite element model; wherein the first model boundary condition is based on fixing the first bearing, the third The second bearing and the third bearing are determined, and the second model boundary condition is determined based on fixing the motor output shaft;
  • a second update unit of the finite element model is configured to update the finite element model based on the first model boundary condition and the second model boundary condition.
  • the device further includes a force determination module.
  • the force determination module is configured to determine the force exerted on the finite element model; wherein the force includes bearing interference force, transmission gear meshing force and motor eccentric load, and the transmission gear meshing force is based on the The gear pitch circle diameter of the transmission input shaft, the gear transmission torque, the gear normal pressure angle and the helix angle at the gear pitch circle are determined.
  • the radial deformation amount determination module 420 includes a first unit for determining the radial deformation amount.
  • the amount of radial deformation determines the first unit, which is configured to apply to the second bearing in the finite element model
  • the bearing interference force is used to obtain the radial deformation amount of each refinement grid to be used corresponding to the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the radial deformation amount determination module 420 includes a second radial deformation amount determination unit.
  • the second radial deformation amount determination unit includes a gear meshing node determination subunit and a radial deformation amount determination subunit.
  • the directional deformation amount determines the second subunit.
  • a gear mesh node determination subunit configured to determine the gear mesh node based on the gear pitch circle diameter of the transmission input shaft in the finite element model
  • the second determination subunit for determining the amount of radial deformation is configured to apply the transmission gear meshing force to the gear meshing node when the bearing interference force is applied to the second bearing in the finite element model, to obtain The radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position, and the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the radial deformation amount determination module 420 includes a third unit for determining the radial deformation amount.
  • the third unit for determining the radial deformation amount includes a motor load starting point determination subunit and The amount of radial deformation determines the third subunit.
  • a motor load starting point determination unit configured to determine the motor load starting point of the motor output shaft in the finite element model
  • the radial deformation amount determines the third subunit, which is configured to apply the motor eccentric load to the motor load from a point when the bearing interference force is applied to the second bearing in the finite element model to obtain the The radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position, and the radial deformation amount corresponding to the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position.
  • the target deformation amount determination module 430 includes a minimum radial deformation amount determination unit, a maximum radial deformation amount determination unit and a target deformation amount determination unit.
  • a minimum radial deformation amount determination unit configured to determine the minimum radial deformation amount of the shaft inner wall of the transmission input shaft at the second bearing position under different acting forces
  • a maximum radial deformation determination unit configured to determine the maximum radial deformation of the shaft outer wall of the motor output shaft at the second bearing position under different forces
  • the target deformation amount determining unit is configured to determine the target deformation amount based on the minimum radial deformation amount and the maximum radial deformation amount.
  • the fit tolerance determination device provided by the embodiments of the present application can execute the fit tolerance determination method provided by any embodiment of the present application, and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device that implements the fit tolerance determination method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Electronic devices are intended to refer to various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers.
  • Electronic devices may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (eg, helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices.
  • the components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are examples only and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application as described and/or claimed herein.
  • the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) 12, a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) 13, etc., in which the memory stores computer programs that can be executed by at least one processor.
  • the processor 11 can execute various functions according to the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or the computer program loaded into the RAM 13 from the storage unit 18. Proper action and handling. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored.
  • the processor 11, the ROM 12 and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via the bus 14.
  • An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14 .
  • the I/O interface 15 Multiple components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc. etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc.
  • the communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and/or various telecommunications networks.
  • Processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence, AI) computing chips, and various running machine learning models. Algorithm processor, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Process, DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc.
  • the processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the fit tolerance determination method.
  • the fit tolerance determination method may be implemented as a computer program that is tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18 .
  • part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19.
  • the processor 11 may be configured to perform the fit tolerance determination method in any other suitable manner (eg, by means of firmware).
  • Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above may be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, Integrated circuit systems, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Application Specific Standard Parts (ASSP), System on Chip (System on Chip) Chip, SOC), load programmable logic device (Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or their combination.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • ASSP Application Specific Standard Parts
  • System on Chip System on Chip
  • SOC System on Chip
  • load programmable logic device Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD
  • computer hardware firmware, software, and/or their combination.
  • These various embodiments may include implementation in one or more computer programs executable and/or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, the programmable processor
  • the processor which may be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor, may receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
  • An output device may be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor, may receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
  • An output device may be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor, may receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.
  • Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the functions/operations specified in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be implemented.
  • a computer program may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • Computer-readable storage media may include electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium.
  • Machine-readable storage media may include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard drives, RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM or flash memory), Optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having a display device (eg, a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display) for displaying information to the user.
  • Display (LCD) monitor e.g, a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display
  • keyboard and pointing device eg, a mouse or a trackball
  • Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and may be provided in any form, including Acoustic input, voice input or tactile input) to receive input from the user.
  • the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., A user's computer having a graphical user interface or web browser through which the user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or including such backend components, middleware components, or any combination of front-end components in a computing system.
  • the components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (eg, a communications network). Examples of communication networks include: Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), blockchain network, and the Internet.
  • Computing systems may include clients and servers.
  • Clients and servers are generally remote from each other and typically interact over a communications network.
  • the relationship of client and server is created by computer programs running on corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other.
  • the server can be a cloud server, also known as cloud computing server or cloud host. It is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the problems that exist in traditional physical host and virtual private server (VPS) services. It has the disadvantages of difficult management and weak business scalability.
  • VPN virtual private server

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质。该方法包括：基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；对有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；基于目标形变量，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴之间的配合公差。

Description

配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
本申请要求在2022年05月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210616091.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及计算机处理技术领域，例如涉及一种配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质。
背景技术
三轴承电机变速器是指以三轴承结构总成的变速器，在三轴承电机变速器产品设计过程中，为了使三轴承电机变速器的性能最优化，通常会为三轴承电机变速器定义好最适宜的轴间配合公差，以使电机输出轴与变速器输入轴基于配合公差进行配合。
相关技术中确定轴间配合公差的方法，通常基于工程师的个人经验确定配合公差，再通过仿真试验技术手段对基于配合公差构成的三轴承电机变速器的性能进行检验，这种基于个人经验确定的配合公差准确性差，从而导致仿真试验精度差、效率低，导致仿真试验周期长，浪费大量生产开发成本的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种配合公差确定方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质，以实现在提高轴间配合公差确定的准确性的同时，达到提高试验精度以及效率的技术效果。
根据本申请的一方面，提供了一种配合公差确定方法，该方法包括：
基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；
对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；其中，所述径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面；
基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；
基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种配合公差确定装置，该装置包括：
待使用细化网格确定模块，设置为基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；
径向形变量确定模块，设置为对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；其中，所述径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面；
目标形变量确定模块，设置为基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；
配合公差确定模块，设置为基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
至少一个处理器；以及
与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，
所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行本申请任一实施例所述的配合公差确定方法。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令用于使处理器执行时实现本申请任一实施例所述的配合公差确定方法。
附图说明
下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本申请实施例一提供的一种配合公差确定方法的流程图；
图2是根据本申请实施例一所提供的三轴承结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例一所提供的花键位置网格示意图；
图4是根据本申请实施例一所提供的电机输出轴花键轴对称示意图；
图5是根据本申请实施例一所提供的单个花键齿面网格分区细化示意图；
图6是根据本申请实施例一所提供的轴承几何结构示意图；
图7是根据本申请实施例一所提供的轴承外圈几何结构示意图；
图8是根据本申请实施例一所提供的轴承外表面建立RBE3单元示意图；
图9是根据本申请实施例一所提供的电机输出轴几何结构示意图；
图10是根据本申请实施例一所提供的电机轴外表面建立RBE3单元示意图；
图11是根据本申请实施例一所提供的变速器输入轴剖面示意图；
图12是根据本申请实施例一所提供的变速器输入轴齿轮啮合点建立RBE3单元示意图；
图13是根据本申请实施例一所提供的电机输出轴剖面示意图；
图14是根据本申请实施例三提供的一种配合公差确定装置的结构示意图；
图15是实现本申请实施例的配合公差确定方法的电子设备的结构示意图。
图中，
210、变速器输入轴；2101、变速器输入轴花键；2102、从点(一级主动齿轮啮合节点)；2103、附近齿面；2104、齿面；2105、RBE3单元；2106、轴内壁；
220、第一轴承；2201、轴承外圈；2202、主点；2203、从点；2204、圆柱坐标系；2205、RBE3单元；
230、第二轴承；
240、第三轴承；
250、电机输出轴；2501、电机输出轴花键；25011、花键齿面细化网格；25012、花键齿面粗化网格；2502、主点；2503、圆柱坐标系；2504、RBE3单元；2505、从点；2506、轴外壁；
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例进行清楚、完整地描 述，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“目标”和“原始”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
实施例一
图1是根据本申请实施例一提供的一种配合公差确定方法的流程图，本实施例可适用于确定轴间配合公差的情况，该方法可以由配合公差确定装置来执行，该配合公差确定装置可以采用硬件和/或软件的形式实现，该配合公差确定装置可配置于计算设备中。如图1所示，该方法包括：
S110、基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格。
在实际应用中，可以建立三轴承结构装配的有限元模型，例如，三轴承结构中包括变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承等，可以参考图2，图2可以表示为三轴承结构示意图，可以由变速器输入轴210、电机输出轴250、第一轴承220、第二轴承230以及第三轴承240共同构成三轴承结构。可以对三轴承结构中所有部件进行网格划分，并将划分后网格装配在一起，构建得到有限元模型。在网格划分时，可以对变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承之间的接触部件进行细化的网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格，可以对剩余的部分结构进行粗的网格划分，得到至少一个粗化网格，可以理解为，待使用细化网格比粗化网格体积更小。示例性的，变速器输入轴和电机输出轴之间依靠花键进行接触，可以参考图3，图3可以表示为花键位置网格示意图，可以将电机输出轴花键2501与变速器输入轴花键2101齿面网格进行分区划分网格，将花键齿面中间粗化两端细化，形成花键齿面细化网格与花键齿面粗化网格。在实际建模的过程中，如图4所示，可以表示为电机轴花键轴对称示意图，那么电机输出轴花键2501与变速器输入 轴花键2101均可以基于花键的对称特点使用轴对称建立模型，例如只建立单独一个花键齿面网格，参见图5，可以将电机输出轴花键2501中一个花键齿面划分为花键齿面细化网格25011(即待使用细化网格)与花键齿面粗化网格25012，进而可以通过轴对称建立完整的花键网格模型。相应的，可以得到完整的三轴承结构装配的有限元模型。
需要说明的是，为了提高三轴承结构有限元模型构建的准确性，可以为有限元模型添加力学属性参数，如材料属性或应变、形变梯度等，以使基于各网格所对应的力学属性参数表征对应部件的实际力学属性。
可选的，所述方法还包括：确定与有限元模型相对应的力学特性数据；基于力学特性数据更新有限元模型。
其中，力学特性数据包括材料属性数据和结构属性数据。
在实际应用中，可以为有限元模型定义相应的力学特性数据，如，定义有限元模型的弹性模量为E＝210000MPa、泊松比μ＝0.3，全部有限元模型为线弹性材料等力学特性数据，可以基于定义好的力学特性数据更新有限元模型，得到具有力学属性的有限元模型。
需要说明的是，为了防止模型的刚体位移，以及更好满足有限元求解的条件，可以在建立有限元模型时，为有限元模型定义约束条件，例如，在为有限元模型施加载荷时，可以限制三轴承结构中某些部件的转动。
可选的，所述方法还包括：确定与有限元模型相对应的第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件；基于第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件更新有限元模型。
其中，第一模型边界条件是基于固定第一轴承、第二轴承和第三轴承确定的，例如，固定轴承除轴向转动自由度外的全部自由度。第二模型边界条件是基于固定电机输出轴确定的，例如，固定电机输出轴轴向转动自由度。
在实际应用中，可以为有限元模型施加边界限制条件，可以将模型边界限制条件分两类，一类是第一模型边界条件，二类是第二模型边界条件。例如，在施加第一模型边界条件时，即固定轴承除轴向转动自由度外的全部自由度，可以固定第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承的外圈，以模拟变速器及电机壳体对轴承的支撑作用。以第一轴承为例说明轴承外圈的固定过程，如图6所示，可以表示为轴承几何结构示意图，在固定轴承外圈2201时，需借助RBE3单元施加，如图7所示，可以表示为轴承外圈几何结构示意图，RBE3单元的主点2202选择轴承外圈2201的外圈表面，从点2203选择轴承几何中心，如图8所示，可以表示为轴承外表面建立RBE3单元示意图，RBE3单元2205的从点2203 绕圆柱坐标系2204的6点钟方向自由度不约束，其他自由度全部约束，圆柱坐标系2204的Z轴沿齿轮轴轴线方向，R轴沿齿轮轴的径向，t轴由Z、R根据右手准则确定。在施加第二模型边界条件时，即固定电机输出轴轴向转动自由度，示例性的，参见图9，图9可以表示为电机输出轴几何结构示意图，在固定电机输出轴250时，需借助RBE3单元施加，可以参见图10，可以表示为电机轴外表面建立RBE3单元示意图，RBE3单元2504的主点2502选择电机输出轴250外表面，从点2505选择电机输出轴250的几何中心，仅约束RBE3单元2504的从点2505绕圆柱坐标系2503的6点钟方向自由度。以在有限元模型受力分析的过程中，固定轴承除轴向转动自由度外的全部自由度，以及固定电机输出轴轴向转动自由度，提高模型分析的精度。
S120、对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量。
其中，作用力可以理解为载荷，可选的，作用力包括轴承过盈力、变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷，变速器齿轮啮合力是基于变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径、齿轮传递扭矩、齿轮法向压力角以及齿轮节圆处螺旋角确定的。轴承过盈力可以理解为变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承的接触区域之间过盈力。电机偏心载荷可以理解为径向电磁力。径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面。
在实际应用中，可以对有限元模型施加轴承过盈力、变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷至少一种作用力，这样有限元模型中的各网格可能会产生相应的形变，可以获取变速器输入轴和电机输出轴处每个待使用细化网格在不同种作用力下的径向形变量，以使基于径向形变量确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
需要说明的是，为了提高配合公差计算的准确性，可以设计不同的试验工况，在不同试验工况下施加不同的作用力，相应的，可以得到不同试验工况下每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量，例如，可以为三个试验工况，分别可以是：预紧工况、齿轮力工况、偏心力工况。三个试验工况所用的边界条件均为第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件。其中，在执行预紧工况试验时，可以仅加载轴承内圈的过盈量，即轴承过盈力，不施加变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷。在执行齿轮力工况试验时，可以在预紧工况的基础上施加变速器齿轮啮合力。在执行偏心力工况试验时，可以在预紧工况的基础上施加电机偏心载荷。下面对三种试验工况的实现方式进行详细说明：
在执行预紧工况试验时，可选的，对有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向 形变量，包括：对有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加轴承过盈力，得到变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量。
需要说明的是，考虑到轴间过盈接触的计算精度以及计算收敛性，在将变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承的接触区域进行切割时，形成了规则的几何区域，在接触部分网格处可以建立相对应的过盈接触关系，即设置相应的轴承过盈力。
在实际应用中，为了提高计算效率，可以对有限元模型中第二轴承施加轴承过盈力，进而可以对三轴承结构进行有限元模型的计算分析，可以将每一个试验工况的时间周期均设为1，时间增量设为0.1，采用牛顿-拉普森方法迭代计算输出三轴承有限元模型在预紧工况试验时的分析结果。可选的，可以对分析结果进行处理，提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置所对应位置的轴内壁(即轴内表面)上每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量，例如，参见图11，图11可以表示为变速器输入轴剖面示意图，可以获取变速器输入轴210在第二轴承位置所对应位置的轴内壁2106上每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量。
在执行齿轮力工况试验时，可选的，对有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，包括：基于有限元模型中变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径，确定齿轮啮合节点；在对有限元模型中第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力时，对齿轮啮合节点施加变速器齿轮啮合力，得到变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
在实际应用中，可以基于有限元模型中变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径，确定齿轮啮合节点，例如，可以参见图12，图12可以表示为变速器输入轴齿轮啮合点建立RBE3单元示意图，可以将RBE3单元2105的从点2102作为一级主动齿轮啮合节点，附近齿面2103、齿面2104上单元节点为RBE3单元2105的主点，可以将一级主动齿轮啮合节点2102作为需要将变速器齿轮啮合力施加在的节点，即齿轮啮合节点，该齿轮啮合节点在齿轮节圆直径上。在确定齿轮啮合力时，可以根据变速器输入轴的齿轮传递扭矩M、齿轮啮合参数和齿轮载荷等依据公式(1)计算得到齿轮啮合力，公式(1)如下所示：
其中齿轮啮合力包括齿轮的圆周力Ft、径向力Fr和轴向力Fa，可以借助定义在变速器输入轴轴线上的局部圆柱坐标系进行施加。M为齿轮传递的扭矩， 即齿轮传递扭矩，d为齿轮节圆直径，αn为齿轮法向压力角，β为齿轮节圆处螺旋角。可以在对有限元模型中第二轴承施加轴承过盈力时，对齿轮啮合节点施加变速器齿轮啮合力，进而可以对三轴承结构进行有限元模型的计算分析，可以采用牛顿-拉普森方法迭代计算输出三轴承有限元模型在齿轮力工况试验时的分析结果。可选的，可以对分析结果进行处理，提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁(即内表面)所对应的径向形变量，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁(即外表面)所对应的径向形变量，例如，参见图13，图13可以表示为电机输出轴剖面示意图，其中图13中标识2506可以表示为电机输出轴250的在第二轴承位置所对应位置的轴外壁2506。
在执行偏心力工况试验时，可选的，对有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，包括：确定有限元模型中电机输出轴的电机载荷从点；在对有限元模型中第二轴承施加轴承过盈力时，对电机载荷从点施加电机偏心载荷，得到变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
在实际应用中，可以借助RBE3单元确定RBE3单元的从点，作为有限元模型中电机输出轴的电机载荷从点。可以在对有限元模型中第二轴承施加轴承过盈力时，对电机载荷从点施加偏心载荷，例如，继续参见图10，可以将电机输出轴在工作过程中受到的偏心载荷F(最大单边磁拉力)以静载方式施加在RBE3单元2504的从点2505上，偏心载荷方向为圆柱坐标系2503的R轴方向。可选的，可以对三轴承结构进行有限元模型的计算分析，可以采用牛顿-拉普森方法迭代计算输出三轴承有限元模型在偏心力工况试验时的分析结果。可以对分析结果进行处理，提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁(即内表面)所对应的径向形变量，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁(即外表面)所对应的径向形变量。
S130、基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量。
在实际应用中，可以对径向形变量进行处理，得到用于确定配合公差的目标形变量，例如，可以在每种试验工况下径向形变量中，确定出相应的待使用径向形变量，进而基于确定出待使用径向形变量，确定目标形变量。
可选的，确定变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁在不同作用力下最小的径向形变量；以及，确定电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁在不同作用力下最大的径向形变量；基于最小的径向形变量和最大的径向形变量，确定目标形变量。
在实际应用中，对于预紧工况试验下，可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承 位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u1；对于齿轮力工况试验下，可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u2，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量中最大的径向形变量，记为u3；对于偏心力工况试验下，可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u4，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量中最大的径向形变量，记为u5。可以将三个工况得到的径向变形量按公式(2)计算，得到轴承过盈、齿轮力和偏心力共同作用下的目标形变量，记为，公式(2)如下所示：
U＝∑|ui|，(i＝1，2，…，5) (2)
其中，U可以表示为目标形变量，ui,(i＝1,2,…,5)为三个试验工况下得到的对应的径向变形量。
S140、基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
在实际应用中，可以依据目标形变量确定三轴承结构下电机输出轴与变速器输入轴在中间轴承所对应位置处的轴间配合公差，可选的，轴间配合公差应大于得到的目标形变量U。
本实施例通过基于对有限元模型中变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格，并对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，基于径向形变量，确定目标形变量，进而基于目标形变量，确定变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差，解决了相关技术中基于人工经验确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，导致配合公差确定准确性低的问题，实现了在对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力时，确定不同种的作用力下变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的径向形变量，结合了不同试验工况，基于各试验工况下的径向形变量，确定目标形变量，并基于目标形变量确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，在提高轴间配合公差确定的准确性的同时，达到提高试验精度以及效率的技术效果。
实施例二
作为上述实施例的一可选实施例，为了使本领域技术人员清楚本申请实施例的技术方案，给出具体的应用场景实例。具体的，可以参见下述具体内容。
示例性的，继续参见图2，可以建立三轴承结构装配的有限元模型，分别将 三轴承结构中的所有部件进行网格划分，三轴承结构中包括变速器输入轴210、电机输出轴250、第一轴承220、第二轴承230以及第三轴承240，并将划分后网格装配在一起，构建得到有限元模型。在网格划分时，可以对变速器输入轴210、电机输出轴250、第一轴承220、第二轴承230以及第三轴承240之间的接触部件进行细化的网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格，可以对剩余的部分结构进行粗的网格划分，得到至少一个粗化网格。示例性的，变速器输入轴和电机输出轴之间依靠花键进行接触，可以继续参考图3，考虑到兼顾计算精度以及计算速度，可以将电机输出轴花键2501与变速器输入轴花键2101齿面网格进行分区划分网格，将花键齿面中间粗化两端细化，形成花键齿面细化网格与花键齿面粗化网格。在实际建模的过程中，可以继续参考图4，电机输出轴花键2501与变速器输入轴花键2101均可以基于花键的对称特点使用轴对称建立模型，例如只建立单独一个花键齿面网格，继续参见图5，可以将电机输出轴花键2501中一个花键齿面划分为花键齿面细化网格25011(即待使用细化网格)与花键齿面粗化网格25012，进而可以通过轴对称建立完整的花键网格模型，同时考虑到过盈接触的计算精度以及计算收敛性，可以将变速器输入轴210、电机输出轴250、第一轴承220、第二轴承230以及第三轴承240的接触区域进行切割，形成规则的几何区域，使接触部分网格的单元节点一一对应，并建立与之相对应的过盈接触关系。
在上述方案的基础上，可以定义有限元模型的弹性模量为E＝210000MPa、泊松比μ＝0.3，全部有限元模型为线弹性材料等力学特性数据，还可以施加有限元模型边界条件，即第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件，其中，第一模型边界条件是固定轴承除轴向转动自由度外的全部自由度。第二模型边界条件是固定电机输出轴轴向转动自由度。需要说明的是，第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件可以分开约束有限元模型。例如，继续参见图6，在固定图6中轴承外圈2201时，需借助RBE3单元施加，继续参见图7，RBE3单元的主点2202选择轴承外圈2201的外圈表面，从点2203选择轴承几何中心，继续参见图8，在边界约束时，可以RBE3单元的从点2203绕圆柱坐标系2204的6点钟方向自由度不约束，其他自由度全部约束，圆柱坐标系2204的Z轴沿齿轮轴轴线方向，R轴沿齿轮轴的径向，t轴由Z、R根据右手准则确定。在固定电机输出轴250轴向转动自由度时，继续参见图9，需借助RBE3单元施加，继续参见图10，RBE3单元2504的主点2502选择电机输出轴250外表面，从点2505选择电机输出轴250的几何中心，在边界约束时，可以仅约束RBE3单元2504的从点2505绕圆柱坐标系2503的6点钟方向自由度。以在有限元模型受力分析的过程中，固定轴承除轴向转动自由度外的全部自由度，以及固定电机输出轴轴向转动自由度，提高模型分析的精度。
在上述方案的基础上，可以设计不同的试验工况，在不同试验工况下施加不同的作用力，相应的，可以得到不同试验工况下每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量，例如，试验工况分别可以是：预紧工况、齿轮力工况、偏心力工况。这三个试验工况所用的边界条件均为第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件。其中，在执行预紧工况试验时，可以仅加载轴承内圈的过盈量，即轴承过盈力，不施加变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷。在执行齿轮力工况试验时，可以在预紧工况的基础上施加变速器齿轮啮合力，例如，继续参见图12，可以以一级主动齿轮啮合节点2102为RBE3单元2105的从点，附近齿面2103、齿面2104上单元节点为RBE3单元2105的主点，可以将一级主动齿轮啮合节点2102作为需要将变速器齿轮啮合力施加在的节点，即齿轮啮合节点，该齿轮啮合节点在齿轮节圆直径上。在确定变速器齿轮啮合力时，可以根据变速器输入轴的齿轮传递扭矩、齿轮啮合参数和齿轮载荷等依据公式(1)计算得到齿轮啮合力，公式(1)如下所示：
其中齿轮啮合力包括齿轮的圆周力Ft、径向力Fr和轴向力Fa，可以借助定义在变速器输入轴轴线上的局部圆柱坐标系进行施加。M为齿轮传递的扭矩，即齿轮传递扭矩，d为齿轮节圆直径，αn为齿轮法向压力角，β为齿轮节圆处螺旋角。在执行偏心力工况试验时，可以在预紧工况的基础上施加电机偏心载荷，例如，继续参见图10，可以将电机输出轴在工作过程中受到的偏心载荷F(最大单边磁拉力)以静载方式施加在RBE3单元2504的从点2505上，偏心载荷方向为圆柱坐标系2503的R轴方向。可以将每一个试验工况的时间周期均设为1，时间增量设为0.1，采用牛顿-拉普森方法迭代计算输出三轴承有限元模型在三个工况试验时的分析结果。可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u1；对于齿轮力工况试验下，可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u2，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量中最大的径向形变量，记为u3；对于偏心力工况试验下，可以提取变速器输入轴在第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量中最小的径向形变量，记为u4，和电机输出轴在第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量中最大的径向形变量，记为u5。可以将三个工况得到的径向变形量按公式(2)计算，得到轴承过盈、齿轮力和偏心力共同作用下的目标形变量，记为，公式(2)如下所示：
U＝∑|ui|，(i＝1，2，…，5) (2)
其中，U可以表示为目标形变量，ui,(i＝1,2,…,5)为三个试验工况下得到的对应的径向变形量。可选的，可以依据目标形变量确定三轴承结构下电机输出轴与变速器输入轴在中间轴承所对应位置处的轴间配合公差，可选的，轴间配合公差应大于得到的目标形变量U。
本实施例通过基于对有限元模型中变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格，并对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，基于径向形变量，确定目标形变量，进而基于目标形变量，确定变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差，解决了相关技术中基于人工经验确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，导致配合公差确定准确性低的问题，实现了在对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力时，确定不同种的作用力下变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的径向形变量，结合了不同试验工况，基于各试验工况下的径向形变量，确定目标形变量，并基于目标形变量确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，在提高轴间配合公差确定的准确性的同时，达到提高试验精度以及效率的技术效果。
实施例三
图14是根据本申请实施例三提供的一种配合公差确定装置的结构示意图。如图14所示，该装置包括：待使用细化网格确定模块410、径向形变量确定模块420、目标形变量确定模块430和配合公差确定模块440。
其中，待使用细化网格确定模块410，设置为基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；
径向形变量确定模块420，设置为对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；其中，所述径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面；
目标形变量确定模块430，设置为基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；
配合公差确定模块440，设置为基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
本实施例通过对有限元模型中变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化 网格，并对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力，确定变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量，进而基于目标形变量，确定变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差，解决了相关技术中基于人工经验确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，导致配合公差确定准确性低的问题，实现了在对有限元模型施加不同种的作用力时，确定不同种的作用力下变速器输入轴和电机输出轴所对应的径向形变量，结合了不同试验工况，基于各试验工况下的径向形变量，确定目标形变量，并基于目标形变量确定三轴承结构轴间配合公差，在提高轴间配合公差确定的准确性的同时，达到提高试验精度以及效率的技术效果。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述装置还包括有限元模型第一更新模块，所述有限元模型第一更新模块包括力学特性数据确定单元和有限元模型第一更新单元。
力学特性数据确定单元，设置为确定与所述有限元模型相对应的力学特性数据；其中，所述力学特性数据包括材料属性数据和结构属性数据；
有限元模型第一更新单元，设置为基于所述力学特性数据更新所述有限元模型。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述装置还包括有限元模型第二更新模块，所述有限元模型第二更新模块包括边界条件确定单元和有限元模型第二更新单元。
边界条件确定单元，设置为确定与所述有限元模型相对应的第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件；其中，所述第一模型边界条件是基于固定所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承和所述第三轴承确定的，所述第二模型边界条件是基于固定所述电机输出轴确定的；
有限元模型第二更新单元，设置为基于所述第一模型边界条件和所述第二模型边界条件更新所述有限元模型。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述装置还包括作用力确定模块。
作用力确定模块，设置为确定对所述有限元模型施加的作用力；其中，所述作用力包括轴承过盈力、变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷，所述变速器齿轮啮合力是基于所述变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径、齿轮传递扭矩、齿轮法向压力角以及齿轮节圆处螺旋角确定的。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述径向形变量确定模块420，包括径向形变量确定第一单元。
径向形变量确定第一单元，设置为对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加 所述轴承过盈力，得到所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述径向形变量确定模块420，包括径向形变量确定第二单元，所述径向形变量确定第二单元包括齿轮啮合节点确定子单元和径向形变量确定第二子单元。
齿轮啮合节点确定子单元，设置为基于所述有限元模型中所述变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径，确定齿轮啮合节点；
径向形变量确定第二确定子单元，设置为在对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力时，对所述齿轮啮合节点施加所述变速器齿轮啮合力，得到所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述径向形变量确定模块420，包括径向形变量确定第三单元，所述径向形变量确定第三单元包括电机载荷从点确定子单元和径向形变量确定第三子单元。
电机载荷从点确定单元，设置为确定所述有限元模型中所述电机输出轴的电机载荷从点；
径向形变量确定第三子单元，设置为在对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力时，对所述电机载荷从点施加所述电机偏心载荷，得到所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
在上述装置的基础上，可选的，所述目标形变量确定模块430，包括最小径向形变量确定单元、最大径向形变量确定单元和目标形变量确定单元。
最小径向形变量确定单元，设置为确定所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁在不同作用力下最小的径向形变量；以及
最大径向形变量确定单元，设置为确定所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁在不同作用力下最大的径向形变量；
目标形变量确定单元，设置为基于最小的所述径向形变量和最大的所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量。
本申请实施例所提供的配合公差确定装置可执行本申请任意实施例所提供的配合公差确定方法，具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。
实施例四
图15是实现本申请实施例的配合公差确定方法的电子设备的结构示意图。电子设备旨在表示各种形式的数字计算机，诸如，膝上型计算机、台式计算机、工作台、个人数字助理、服务器、刀片式服务器、大型计算机、和其它适合的计算机。电子设备还可以表示各种形式的移动装置，诸如，个人数字处理、蜂窝电话、智能电话、可穿戴设备(如头盔、眼镜、手表等)和其它类似的计算装置。本文所示的部件、它们的连接和关系、以及它们的功能仅仅作为示例，并且不意在限制本文中描述的和/或者要求的本申请的实现。
如图15所示，电子设备10包括至少一个处理器11，以及与至少一个处理器11通信连接的存储器，如只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)12、随机访问存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)13等，其中，存储器存储有可被至少一个处理器执行的计算机程序，处理器11可以根据存储在ROM12中的计算机程序或者从存储单元18加载到RAM13中的计算机程序，来执行各种适当的动作和处理。在RAM 13中，还可存储电子设备10操作所需的各种程序和数据。处理器11、ROM 12以及RAM 13通过总线14彼此相连。输入/输出(Input/Output，I/O)接口15也连接至总线14。
电子设备10中的多个部件连接至I/O接口15，包括：输入单元16，例如键盘、鼠标等；输出单元17，例如各种类型的显示器、扬声器等；存储单元18，例如磁盘、光盘等；以及通信单元19，例如网卡、调制解调器、无线通信收发机等。通信单元19允许电子设备10通过诸如因特网的计算机网络和/或各种电信网络与其他设备交换信息/数据。
处理器11可以是各种具有处理和计算能力的通用和/或专用处理组件。处理器11的一些示例包括中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、图形处理单元(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)、各种专用的人工智能(Artificial Intelligence，AI)计算芯片、各种运行机器学习模型算法的处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Process，DSP)、以及任何适当的处理器、控制器、微控制器等。处理器11执行上文所描述的各个方法和处理，例如配合公差确定方法。
在一些实施例中，配合公差确定方法可被实现为计算机程序，其被有形地包含于计算机可读存储介质，例如存储单元18。在一些实施例中，计算机程序的部分或者全部可以经由ROM 12和/或通信单元19而被载入和/或安装到电子设备10上。当计算机程序加载到RAM 13并由处理器11执行时，可以执行上文描述的配合公差确定方法的一个或多个步骤。备选地，在其他实施例中，处理器11可以通过其他任何适当的方式(例如，借助于固件)而被配置为执行配合公差确定方法。
本文中以上描述的系统和技术的各种实施方式可以在数字电子电路系统、 集成电路系统、场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、专用标准产品(Application Specific Standard Parts，ASSP)、芯片上系统的系统(System on Chip，SOC)、负载可编程逻辑设备(Complex Programmable Logic Device，CPLD)、计算机硬件、固件、软件、和/或它们的组合中实现。这些各种实施方式可以包括：实施在一个或者多个计算机程序中，该一个或者多个计算机程序可在包括至少一个可编程处理器的可编程系统上执行和/或解释，该可编程处理器可以是专用或者通用可编程处理器，可以从存储系统、至少一个输入装置、和至少一个输出装置接收数据和指令，并且将数据和指令传输至该存储系统、该至少一个输入装置、和该至少一个输出装置。
用于实施本申请的方法的计算机程序可以采用一个或多个编程语言的任何组合来编写。这些计算机程序可以提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置的处理器，使得计算机程序当由处理器执行时使流程图和/或框图中所规定的功能/操作被实施。计算机程序可以完全在机器上执行、部分地在机器上执行，作为独立软件包部分地在机器上执行且部分地在远程机器上执行或完全在远程机器或服务器上执行。
在本申请的上下文中，计算机可读存储介质可以是有形的介质，其可以包含或存储以供指令执行系统、装置或设备使用或与指令执行系统、装置或设备结合地使用的计算机程序。计算机可读存储介质可以包括电子的、磁性的、光学的、电磁的、红外的、或半导体系统、装置或设备，或者上述内容的任何合适组合。备选地，计算机可读存储介质可以是机器可读信号介质。机器可读存储介质可以包括基于一个或多个线的电气连接、便携式计算机盘、硬盘、RAM、ROM、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EPROM或快闪存储器)、光纤、便捷式紧凑盘只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)、光学储存设备、磁储存设备、或上述内容的任何合适组合。
为了提供与用户的交互，可以在电子设备上实施此处描述的系统和技术，该电子设备具有：用于向用户显示信息的显示装置(例如，阴极射线管(CRT)或者液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)监视器)；以及键盘和指向装置(例如，鼠标或者轨迹球)，用户可以通过该键盘和该指向装置来将输入提供给电子设备。其它种类的装置还可以用于提供与用户的交互；例如，提供给用户的反馈可以是任何形式的传感反馈(例如，视觉反馈、听觉反馈、或者触觉反馈)；并且可以用任何形式(包括声输入、语音输入或者、触觉输入)来接收来自用户的输入。
可以将此处描述的系统和技术实施在包括后台部件的计算系统(例如，作为数据服务器)、或者包括中间件部件的计算系统(例如，应用服务器)、或者包括前端部件的计算系统(例如，具有图形用户界面或者网络浏览器的用户计算机，用户可以通过该图形用户界面或者该网络浏览器来与此处描述的系统和技术的实施方式交互)、或者包括这种后台部件、中间件部件、或者前端部件的任何组合的计算系统中。可以通过任何形式或者介质的数字数据通信(例如，通信网络)来将系统的部件相互连接。通信网络的示例包括：局域网(Local Area Network，LAN)、广域网(Wide Area Network，WAN)、区块链网络和互联网。
计算系统可以包括客户端和服务器。客户端和服务器一般远离彼此并且通常通过通信网络进行交互。通过在相应的计算机上运行并且彼此具有客户端-服务器关系的计算机程序来产生客户端和服务器的关系。服务器可以是云服务器，又称为云计算服务器或云主机，是云计算服务体系中的一项主机产品，以解决了传统物理主机与虚拟专用服务器(Virtual Private Server，VPS)服务中，存在的管理难度大，业务扩展性弱的缺陷。
应该理解，可以使用上面所示的各种形式的流程，重新排序、增加或删除步骤。例如，本申请中记载的各步骤可以并行地执行也可以顺序地执行也可以不同的次序执行，只要能够实现本申请的技术方案所期望的结果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种配合公差确定方法，包括：
    基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；
    对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；其中，所述径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面；
    基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；
    基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    确定与所述有限元模型相对应的力学特性数据；其中，所述力学特性数据包括材料属性数据和结构属性数据；
    基于所述力学特性数据更新所述有限元模型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    确定与所述有限元模型相对应的第一模型边界条件和第二模型边界条件；其中，所述第一模型边界条件是基于固定所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承和所述第三轴承确定的，所述第二模型边界条件是基于固定所述电机输出轴确定的；
    基于所述第一模型边界条件和所述第二模型边界条件更新所述有限元模型。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，在所述对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量之前，所述方法还包括：
    确定对所述有限元模型施加的作用力；其中，所述作用力包括轴承过盈力、变速器齿轮啮合力和电机偏心载荷，所述变速器齿轮啮合力是基于所述变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径、齿轮传递扭矩、齿轮法向压力角以及齿轮节圆处螺旋角确定的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，包括：
    对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力，得到所述变速器 输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的每个待使用细化网格的径向形变量。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，包括：
    基于所述有限元模型中所述变速器输入轴的齿轮节圆直径，确定齿轮啮合节点；
    在对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力时，对所述齿轮啮合节点施加所述变速器齿轮啮合力，得到所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量，包括：
    确定所述有限元模型中所述电机输出轴的电机载荷从点；
    在对所述有限元模型中所述第二轴承施加所述轴承过盈力时，对所述电机载荷从点施加所述电机偏心载荷，得到所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁所对应的径向形变量，和所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁所对应的径向形变量。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基于径向形变量，确定目标形变量，包括：
    确定所述变速器输入轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴内壁在不同作用力下最小的径向形变量；以及
    确定所述电机输出轴在所述第二轴承位置的轴外壁在不同作用力下最大的径向形变量；
    基于最小的所述径向形变量和最大的所述径向形变量，确定所述目标形变量。
  9. 一种配合公差确定装置，包括：
    待使用细化网格确定模块，设置为基于变速器输入轴、电机输出轴、第一轴承、第二轴承以及第三轴承，构建有限元模型，并对所述变速器输入轴、所述电机输出轴、所述第一轴承、所述第二轴承以及所述第三轴承之间的接触部件进行网格划分，得到至少一个待使用细化网格；
    径向形变量确定模块，设置为对所述有限元模型施加不同作用力，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴所对应的每个待使用细化网格在不同作用力下的径向形变量；其中，所述径向形变量的方向垂直于相应轴底面；
    目标形变量确定模块，设置为基于所述径向形变量，确定目标形变量；
    配合公差确定模块，设置为基于所述目标形变量，确定所述变速器输入轴和所述电机输出轴之间的配合公差。
  10. 一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
    至少一个处理器；以及
    与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，
    所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行权利要求1-8中任一项所述的配合公差确定方法。
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