WO2023231906A1

WO2023231906A1 - Battery compartment having translation type compartment door, and forklift

Info

Publication number: WO2023231906A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/096454
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陶亚满; 徐家祥; 胡祝田; 王欢; 童矿; 徐一帆; 常啸天
Original assignee: 安徽合力股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-05-30
Filing date: 2023-05-26
Publication date: 2023-12-07
Also published as: CN115000612A

Abstract

Disclosed are a battery compartment having a translation type compartment door, comprising a compartment body and a compartment door. A bending arm assembly is movably mounted at the upper portion of an opening of the compartment body; the bending arm assembly comprises two symmetrically-arranged connecting shafts and an eccentric shaft connected between the two connecting shafts; the eccentric shaft is placed above the compartment body, and the two ends of the eccentric shaft are connected to two side plates of the compartment body by means of bearings; the tail end of each connecting shaft is hinged to the compartment door; and the bending arm assembly is connected to pneumatic springs mounted on the compartment body. The battery compartment apparatus of the present application has a compact and reliable structure, and balance rods and the bending arm assembly are used to form a four-mechanical linkage closed kinematic chain, so that the compartment door ascends and descends in a planar space without occupying too much space.

Description

A battery compartment and a forklift with a sliding door

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forklifts, and specifically relates to a battery compartment with a sliding door and a forklift.

Background technique

With the development of new energy, more and more vehicles are driven by batteries, which are usually composed of multiple batteries connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack. However, due to the service life and maintenance requirements of the battery, the battery needs to be regularly taken out of the vehicle's battery compartment for replacement. Due to the heavy weight of the battery pack, external tools are required to lift it. However, due to the limited space in the battery compartment, battery replacement operations are inconvenient. The traditional lifting method to replace the battery is time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring the use of special lifting equipment. However, the doors of existing battery side-access electric forklifts are mostly hinged. When the door is opened, it takes up a lot of space and cannot be fixed in position. It is often used in limited areas. It is difficult to access the battery from the side of the space. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more practical compact manual sliding door device, which can solve the problem that the existing door takes up a lot of space and cannot be fixed when the battery is taken out without changing the size of the frame and battery. solve the problem and improve the quick and safe side removal of batteries in a limited space.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a battery compartment with a sliding door and a forklift having the battery compartment.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A battery compartment with a translational door, including a warehouse body and a door. A curved arm assembly is movably installed on the upper part of the opening of the warehouse body. The curved arm assembly includes two symmetrically arranged connecting shafts and a connecting shaft. There is an eccentric shaft between the two connecting shafts. The eccentric shaft is erected above the warehouse body. The two ends of the eccentric shaft are connected to the two side plates of the warehouse body through bearings respectively; the end of the connecting shaft is connected to the The warehouse door is hinged; the curved arm assembly is connected to a gas spring installed on the warehouse body.

In a further solution, the two ends of the eccentric shaft are symmetrically provided with shoulders and straight shafts, and the bearings are sleeved on the straight shafts; the straight shafts are sleeved with elastic retaining rings, and the bearings are located on the shoulders and elastic Between the retaining rings, the inner ring of the bearing is limited in the axial direction.

In a further solution, the connection between the eccentric shaft and the connecting shaft is fixed with a hinge seat for connecting with the gas spring, and the end of the connecting shaft is fixed with a connecting head for connecting with the warehouse door.

In a further solution, connecting plates are installed on the outer side walls of both side panels of the warehouse body, the eccentric shaft is passed through the connecting plates, and the gas spring is fixedly installed on the connecting plates; the connecting plates are connected to one end of the balance rod Hinged, the other end of the balance bar is hinged with the warehouse door.

In a further solution, the connecting plate includes a plate body, a notch is provided on one side of the plate body, and an arc-shaped convex rib is located above the notch and extends toward the direction of the warehouse body. The arc-shaped convex rib is embedded in the warehouse. In the side plate of the body and located outside the bearing, it is used to limit the upper radial displacement of the bearing outer ring.

Preferably, the plate body is respectively fixed with a mounting seat and a connecting seat for connecting the balance rod and the gas spring, and the connecting seat and the plate body are connected through a bending plate.

In a further solution, a bearing end cover is installed on the outer wall of the connecting plate, a through-mounting hole is provided in the middle of the bearing end cover, and a mounting groove connected to the installation hole is provided on one side of the bearing end cover; A half-wrapped convex ring is fixed on the inner wall of the bearing end cap on the outer periphery of the hole; the convex ring is embedded in the connecting plate to limit the axial displacement of the bearing outer ring.

Preferably, the bearing end cover is provided with bolt holes for connection with the connecting plate, and the bolts are fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

In a further solution, the warehouse body includes a left side plate and an upper right side plate. The top surfaces of the left side plate and the upper right side plate are symmetrically provided with downwardly extending U-shaped notches, and the eccentric shaft is symmetrically clamped through a bearing. In the U-shaped notches on the left side panel and upper right side panel and turn freely.

In a further solution, a mounting platform is fixed on the outer wall of the upper right side panel at the curved arm assembly, so that the total thickness of the upper right side panel and the mounting platform is consistent with the thickness of the left side panel.

Another invention object of the present application is to provide a forklift having the above-mentioned battery compartment with a sliding door.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. The battery compartment device of this application has a compact and reliable structure. It uses a balance rod and a curved arm assembly to form a four-bar linkage closed kinematic chain, allowing the compartment door to move up and down in a flat space without occupying space, and realizes the door opening Lightweight of the assembly device.

2. This application uses bearings to achieve a light and stable opening and closing process of the warehouse door. It is suitable for electric forklifts to open and close the warehouse door in a limited space and remove the battery from the side.

3. In this application, the gas spring stroke is reasonably selected so that the maximum stroke is exactly when the warehouse door reaches the maximum lifting height, so that when the gas spring length is maximum, the warehouse door just reaches the required lifting position; and the gas spring is used to realize the lifting position of the warehouse door. The fixed limit improves the quick and safe side removal or installation of batteries in a limited space.

4. This application improves the design of the existing electric forklift product structure. The curved arm assembly, gas spring, etc. are installed on the outer walls of both sides of the battery compartment, so that the overall size and structural characteristics of the forklift do not need to be changed. The design and manufacturing costs are low, and the sliding door can be successfully applied to forklifts.

5. This application limits the position of the curved arm assembly through the connecting plate and the bearing end cover. Specifically, the end of the arc-shaped ridge in the connecting plate is located on the outer periphery of the outer ring of the bearing, which is used to limit the outer circumference of the bearing. The radial displacement of the upper part of the ring; the convex ring in the bearing end cover is against the outer ring of the bearing, limiting its axial displacement; in addition, the bearing is located between the shoulder of the bent arm assembly and the elastic retaining ring, which limits its axial displacement. The inner ring of the bearing is limited in the axial direction.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the warehouse door of the present invention when it is closed;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the warehouse door of the present invention when it is opened;

Figure 3 is a left view of the warehouse door of the present invention when it is closed;

Figure 4 is a front view of the warehouse door of the present invention when it is opened;

Figure 5 is a front view of the present invention with the right side door removed when the door is closed;

Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of position I in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the battery compartment and the battery in the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the bent arm assembly in the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting plate in the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the bearing end cover in the present invention.

In the picture: 1-silo body, 11-left side panel, 12-upper right side panel, 13-lower right side panel, 14-bottom plate, 15-U-shaped notch, 16-installation platform,

2-battery,

3-bearing end cover, 31-end cover body, 32-convex ring, 33-mounting hole, 34-mounting slot, 35-bolt hole, 36-bolt,

4-barn door,

5-Bent arm assembly, 51-eccentric shaft, 52-shoulder, 53-straight shaft, 54-articulated seat, 55-connecting shaft, 56-connecting head,

6-balance bar,

7-Gas spring, 71-Hinges,

8- connecting plate, 81- arc-shaped rib, 82- notch, 83- mounting base, 84- bending plate, 85- connecting base,

9-Bearings.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention is described below with specific embodiments. Those familiar with this technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

Example 1:

Referring to Figure 1-10, a battery compartment with a sliding door includes a compartment body 1 and a compartment door 4. A curved arm assembly 5 is movably installed on the upper part of the opening of the compartment body 1. The curved arm assembly 5 It includes a symmetrically arranged connecting shaft 55 and an eccentric shaft 51 connected in the middle of the connecting shaft. The eccentric shaft 51 is erected above the warehouse body 1. The eccentric shaft 51 is connected to both side plates of the warehouse body 1 through bearings 9; The end of the connecting shaft 55 is hinged with the door 4; that is, the bent arm assembly 5 connects the warehouse body and the door. When the door is manually lifted upward, the bent arm assembly is driven to rotate, and the eccentric shaft 51 is connected to the door 4. The side plates of the warehouse body 1 are connected through bearings 9 to reduce friction and achieve smooth and labor-saving overall rotation. The bent arm assembly 5 is connected to a gas spring 7 installed on the warehouse body 1 .

When the warehouse door 4 is initially closed, the torque generated by the gas spring 7 can be stably closed. During the lifting process of the warehouse door 4, the external force acting on the door drives the curved arm assembly 5 to rotate, and at the same time drives the gas spring 7 After that, the door 4 automatically rises by relying on the torque of the gas spring 7. When the gas spring reaches the maximum stroke, the door reaches the highest position at the same time. At this time, the eccentric shaft 51 of the bent arm assembly 5 flips upward and is also at the maximum height. Location.

In a further solution, as shown in Figure 8, the eccentric shaft 51 is connected between two connecting shafts 55. Both ends of the eccentric shaft 51 are symmetrically provided with shoulders 52 and straight shafts 53. The bearing 9 is sleeved on the straight shaft. On axis 53. More preferably, the straight shaft 53 is covered with a elastic retaining ring, and the bearing 9 is located between the shoulder 52 and the elastic retaining ring to limit the axial position of the inner ring of the bearing 9 .

In this embodiment, the bearing 9 is preferably a tapered roller bearing.

In this embodiment, the axis of the eccentric shaft 51 rotates around the axis of the straight shaft 53 on the curved arm assembly 6 as the door 4 rises or falls. And through the early structural parameter design, when the warehouse door 4 is at the maximum lifting height, the axis of the eccentric shaft 51 is at the maximum value in the longitudinal height, thereby maximizing the increase in height without changing the original frame size. The longitudinal height of the large side when taking out the battery 2 is to avoid interference with the bent arm assembly 5 when the battery 2 is taken out and installed.

The maximum stroke of the gas spring 7 selected in this application is exactly when the warehouse door 4 reaches the maximum lifting height. In addition, the gas spring 7 is used to limit the closing position of the warehouse door, so that the rotation range of the bent arm assembly 5 and the space of the warehouse door 4 Range of motion is determined.

In a further solution, a hinge seat 54 for connecting to the gas spring 7 is fixed at the connection between the eccentric shaft 51 and the connecting shaft 55 , and a connecting head 56 for connecting to the door 4 is fixed at the end of the connecting shaft 55 . That is, the bent arm assembly 5 is hinged to the gas spring 7 through the hinge seat 54, and the connecting shaft 55 is hinged to the bin door 4 through the connecting head 56. When the warehouse door is pushed by an external force, the curved arm assembly 5 and the gas spring 7 will be driven to move together, and then the gas spring 7 will provide power.

The hinge method in this embodiment is known. In this embodiment, a hinge member 71 is specifically used for connection, wherein the hinge member includes a connected pin shaft and a cotter pin passing through the end of the pin shaft.

In a further solution, a connecting plate 8 is installed on the outer side walls of both sides of the warehouse body 1, the eccentric shaft 51 is passed through the connecting plate 8, and the gas spring 7 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 8; the connection The plate 8 is hinged to one end of the balance bar 6, and the other end of the balance bar 6 is hinged to the door 4. The setting of the balance bar 6 improves the guidance and stability during the lifting and lowering of the warehouse door. And it forms a four-bar linkage closed kinematic chain with the bent arm assembly 5 to ensure the spatial position of the warehouse door for lifting movement. Specifically, a pair of connecting ear plates are fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the warehouse door 4. The balance rod 6 and the connecting shaft 55 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the warehouse body, and are respectively hinged with the warehouse door through ear plates to achieve linkage.

As shown in Figure 7, the warehouse 1 in this embodiment is a frame structure composed of a left side plate 11, an upper right side plate 12, a lower right side plate 13, and a bottom plate 14. The battery 2 is placed in the frame. The specific structure of the warehouse body 1 is not limited. The focus of protection in this application lies in the connection method between the warehouse door and the warehouse body and the movement method of the warehouse door. If the upper right side panel 12 and the lower right side panel 13 are of an integrated structure, it also falls within the protection scope of the present application.

The top surfaces of the left side panel 11 and the upper right side panel 12 are symmetrically provided with downwardly extending U-shaped notches 15 , and the eccentric shaft 51 is symmetrically clamped on the left side panel 11 and the upper right side panel 12 through bearings 9 into the U-shaped notch 15 and rotate freely. The balance bar 6 and the gas spring 7 are installed on the outer walls of the left side panel 11 and the upper right side panel 12, as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the internal space of the warehouse can be effectively saved, and the battery 2 can be easily installed without increasing the size of the forklift battery compartment. overall volume.

Since the thickness of the upper right side panel 12 and the left side panel 11 are inconsistent, in order to ensure that the bearing 9 and the bent arm assembly 5 maintain symmetry and installation stability in the overall structure, an installation platform is fixed on the outer wall of the upper right side panel 12 16. Make the total thickness t of the upper right side panel 12 and the mounting platform 16 consistent with the thickness T of the left side panel 11 (as shown in Figure 7). The mounting platform 16 is located at the U-shaped notch 15, and the curved arm assembly 5 is erected on the upper right side plate 12 and the mounting platform 16, which increases the bearing capacity of the upper right side plate 12.

In a further solution, a mounting platform 16 is fixed on the outer wall of the upper right side panel 12 at the bent arm assembly 5, so that the total thickness of the upper right side panel 12 and the mounting platform 16 is consistent with the thickness of the left side panel 11.

The specific structure of the connecting plate is shown in Figure 9. The connecting plate 8 includes a plate body. A notch 82 is provided on one side of the plate body. An arc-shaped ridge is located above the notch 82 and extends toward the direction of the warehouse body 1. 81. The arc-shaped ridge 81 is embedded in the side plate of the bin body 1 and is located outside the bearing 9 to limit the upper radial displacement of the bearing outer ring. And the width A of the arc-shaped ridge 81 is consistent with the width of the U-shaped notch 15 of the upper right side panel 12 and the left side panel 11 . This can be used as a reference standard when installing the connecting plate 8, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the fixed position of the connecting plate 8 and limiting the radial displacement of the bearing 9.

The connecting plate 8 is a pair of left and right symmetrical parts, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the warehouse body. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper right side plate 12 and the left side plate 11 of the warehouse body through bolts to achieve position fixation, thus serving as the curved arm assembly 5 Installation standards of gas spring 7;

Preferably, the plate body is respectively fixed with a mounting seat 83 and a connecting seat 85 for connecting the balance bar 6 and the gas spring 7. The connecting seat 85 and the plate body are connected through a bending plate 84. The arrangement of the bent plate 84 leaves a space between the installed gas spring 7 and the plate body of the connecting plate 8, which not only ensures the successful installation of the gas spring 7, but also avoids the connecting plate from hindering the work of the gas spring 7, making it Smoother expansion and contraction.

In a further solution, a bearing end cover 3 is installed on the outer wall of the connecting plate 8. As shown in Figure 10, the bearing end cover 3 includes an end cover body 31, and a through-mounting hole 33 is opened in the middle of the end cover body 31. ; One side of the bearing end cover 3 is provided with a mounting slot 34 that communicates with the mounting hole 33; the mounting slot 34 is provided to facilitate the installation of the bent arm assembly 5. During installation, the bent arm assembly 5 is first erected on the left side plate 11 , into the U-shaped notch 15 on the upper right side panel 12, and then clamp the mounting groove 34 on the connecting plate 8 downwards onto the bent arm assembly 5 so that the eccentric shaft 51 on the bent arm assembly 5 is exactly located in the mounting hole. 33, its upper and lower end surfaces are limited by U-shaped notches 15 and mounting holes 33 respectively.

The width of the mounting groove 34 and the diameter of the mounting hole 33 are both slightly larger than the diameter of the connection point with the eccentric shaft 51 of the bent arm assembly 5, so that during installation, the bearing end cap 3 can pass through the bent arm assembly 5 smoothly, and the bent arm There will be no interference between the two when the assembly 5 rotates.

A half-wrapped convex ring 32 is fixed on the inner wall of the bearing end cover 3 located on the outer periphery of the mounting hole 33. The convex ring 32 has a notch that is the same as the mounting groove 34 at the position of the mounting groove 34; The ring 32 is embedded in the connecting plate 8 to limit the axial displacement of the outer ring of the bearing 9 .

Preferably, the bearing end cover 3 is provided with bolt holes 35 for connection with the connecting plate 8 , and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 8 through bolts 36 .

The bearing end cover 3 is installed on the connecting plate 8 through bolts 36, and the connecting plate 8 is installed on the bin body through bolts; or the bolts 36 are directly passed through the bearing end cap 3 and the connecting plate 8, and the upper right side plate of the bin body 1 in sequence. 12 or the bolt hole 35 on the left side plate 11, and then lock it with a nut.

When assembling, first place the eccentric shaft 51 of the bent arm assembly 5 in the U-shaped notch 15 of the left side plate 11 and the upper right side plate 12 so that the bearing 9 just contacts the inner wall of the U-shaped notch 15; then connect the The notch 82 of the plate 8 is stuck on the eccentric shaft 51. Adjust the position so that the arc-shaped ridge 81 is inserted into the U-shaped notch 15 and corresponds to the U-shaped notch 15; then move the mounting groove 34 on the bearing end cover 3 toward The lower ferrule is placed on the eccentric shaft 51 and is just inside the mounting hole 33. Adjust the position so that the convex ring 32 is inserted into the circle formed by the arc ridge 81 and the U-shaped notch 15. Its upper and lower end surfaces are respectively formed by the U-shaped notch. 15 and the mounting hole 33 for restriction; the convex ring 32 is against the outer ring of the bearing 9 to limit its axial displacement; and the end of the arc-shaped ridge 81 is located on the outer periphery of the outer ring of the bearing 9 for Limit the upper radial displacement of the bearing outer ring. In addition, since the bearing 9 is located between the shaft shoulder 52 and the elastic retaining ring, it limits the axial position of the inner ring of the bearing 9, as shown in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows the right half of the door after the door is removed. schematic diagram.

After the installation is completed, the closed position of the warehouse door 4 is stabilized by the gas spring 7 in the initial state (as shown in Figure 1). During the lifting process of the warehouse door, the door 4 relies on the external force acting on the door (such as the upward force exerted by human hands). Pull the door), driving the rotation of the curved arm assembly 5 and the operation of the gas spring 7. After that, the door automatically rises relying on the torque of the gas spring 7. When the gas spring 7 reaches the maximum stroke, the door reaches the highest position at the same time. The eccentric shaft 51 of the bent arm assembly 5 is at the maximum height position (see Figures 2 and 4), leaving a large longitudinal margin space, so that the battery 2 can be easily removed or installed sideways without interfering with the warehouse. The door interferes; during the closing process of the warehouse door, the door is lowered by relying on the external force acting on the door, and finally the stable closing is achieved by relying on the torque of the gas spring.

Example 2:

Another invention object of the present application is to provide a forklift having the above-mentioned battery compartment with a sliding door. The specific structure of the battery compartment is as described in Embodiment 1.

The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art may make modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention. and improvements shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A battery compartment with a sliding door, including a compartment body (1) and a compartment door (4). It is characterized in that: a curved arm assembly (5) is movably installed on the upper part of the opening of the compartment body (1). The bent arm assembly (5) includes two symmetrically arranged connecting shafts (55) and an eccentric shaft (51) connected between the two connecting shafts. The eccentric shaft (51) is installed on the warehouse body (1) Above, the two ends of the eccentric shaft (51) are respectively connected to the two side plates of the warehouse body (1) through bearings (9); the end of the connecting shaft (55) is hinged with the warehouse door (4); The bent arm assembly (5) is connected to a gas spring (7) installed on the warehouse body (1).
A battery compartment with a translational compartment door according to claim 1, characterized in that: both ends of the eccentric shaft (51) are symmetrically provided with shoulders (52) and straight shafts (53), and the bearings ( 9) is sleeved on the straight shaft (53); the straight shaft (53) is sleeved with an elastic retaining ring, and the bearing (9) is located between the shoulder (52) and the elastic retaining ring. ) to limit the inner ring in the axial direction.
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 2, characterized in that: a hinge seat for connecting with the gas spring (7) is fixed at the connection between the eccentric shaft (51) and the connecting shaft (55). (54), the end of the connecting shaft (55) is fixed with a connecting head (56) for connecting with the warehouse door (4).
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that: connecting plates (8) are installed on the outer side walls of both sides of the compartment body (1), and the eccentric shaft (51) passes through Located in the connecting plate (8), the gas spring (7) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (8); the connecting plate (8) is hinged with one end of the balance rod (6), and the other end of the balance rod (6) One end is hinged with the warehouse door (4).
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 4, characterized in that: the connecting plate (8) includes a plate body, and a notch (82) is provided on the side of one end of the plate body, and is located in the groove. An arc-shaped convex rib (81) extends above the mouth (82) toward the direction of the silo body (1). The arc-shaped convex rib (81) is embedded in the side plate of the silo body (1) and is located on the The outside of the bearing (9) is used to limit the upper radial displacement of the bearing outer ring.
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plate body is respectively fixed with mounting seats (83) and connecting rods (83) for connecting the balance rod (6) and the gas spring (7). Seat (85), the connecting seat (85) and the plate body are connected through a bending plate (84).
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 4, characterized in that: a bearing end cover (3) is installed on the outer wall of the connecting plate (8), and a middle opening of the bearing end cover (3) is provided. There is a through-mounting hole (33), and a mounting groove (34) connected to the mounting hole (33) is provided on one side of the bearing end cover (3); the bearing end cover (3) is located on the outer periphery of the mounting hole (33). A half-wrapped convex ring (32) is fixed on the inner wall, and the convex ring (32) has a gap at the position of the mounting groove (34); the convex ring (32) is embedded in the connecting plate (8) ) to limit the axial displacement of the outer ring of the bearing (9);

The bearing end cover (3) is provided with bolt holes (35) for connecting with the connecting plate (8), and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (8) through bolts (36).
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compartment body (1) includes a left side panel (11) and an upper right side panel (12), and the left side panel (11) . The top surface of the upper right side plate (12) is symmetrically provided with a downwardly extending U-shaped notch (15). The eccentric shaft (51) is symmetrically clamped on the left side plate (11) and the upper right side through the bearing (9). into the U-shaped notch (15) on the side plate (12) and rotate freely.
A battery compartment with a sliding door according to claim 8, characterized in that: the outer wall of the upper right side plate (12) is fixed with a mounting platform (16) at the curved arm assembly (5), so that The total thickness of the upper right side plate (12) and the mounting platform (16) is consistent with the thickness of the left side plate (11).
A forklift, characterized in that the forklift has a battery compartment with a sliding door as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.