WO2023228337A1 - 提示システム、提示方法及び提示プログラム - Google Patents
提示システム、提示方法及び提示プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023228337A1 WO2023228337A1 PCT/JP2022/021467 JP2022021467W WO2023228337A1 WO 2023228337 A1 WO2023228337 A1 WO 2023228337A1 JP 2022021467 W JP2022021467 W JP 2022021467W WO 2023228337 A1 WO2023228337 A1 WO 2023228337A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/012—Head tracking input arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/015—Input arrangements based on nervous system activity detection, e.g. brain waves [EEG] detection, electromyograms [EMG] detection, electrodermal response detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
- G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/01—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/01
- G06F2203/011—Emotion or mood input determined on the basis of sensed human body parameters such as pulse, heart rate or beat, temperature of skin, facial expressions, iris, voice pitch, brain activity patterns
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a presentation system, a presentation method, and a presentation program.
- UIs User Interfaces
- IoT Internet of Things
- a user operates a GUI (Graphical User Interface) using a mouse or a touch screen.
- Brain-computer interfaces allow users to operate devices using their brains.
- Brain-computer interfaces can be implemented using Steady State Visually Evoked Potential (SSVEP).
- SSVEP Steady State Visually Evoked Potential
- Methods using SSVEP include methods for presenting action options to the user.
- a user's mental state is determined from observations of the user's SSVEP.
- Action options are then presented based on the user's mental state.
- the above-mentioned prior art may have difficulty in allowing the user to operate equipment in space using the user's brain waves.
- the present disclosure provides a presentation system, a presentation method, and a presentation program that can enable a user to operate equipment in space using the user's brain waves.
- the presentation system includes a first acquisition unit that acquires device data indicating a plurality of devices that can be operated by a user, and a second acquisition unit that acquires user data that specifies the user's field of view. a determining unit that determines a device within the field of view of the user from among the plurality of devices using the device data and the user data; and a presentation unit that presents a visual pattern that allows the brain waves to operate the determined device.
- the presentation system may allow the user to operate equipment in the space using the user's brain waves.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example environment for visual pattern presentation.
- FIG. 2 shows an overview of one visual pattern presentation process according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example configuration of a presentation system according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a configuration of a control unit and a storage unit according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a task related to visual pattern presentation.
- FIG. 6A shows an example of visual pattern presentation processing according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6B shows an example of visual pattern presentation processing according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process for determining a device to be targeted for visual stimulus projection.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a computer hardware configuration.
- SSVEP Steady State Visually Evoked Potential
- the object (target) that the user is gazing at is estimated based on the user's brain waves.
- the retina is excited by visual stimulation of 3.5Hz to 75Hz, brain waves are detected. The frequency of this brain wave is equivalent to visual stimulation.
- the method using SSVEP does not require long-term training. Furthermore, the method using SSVEP has a high ITR (Information Transfer Rate) (ITR is one of the main indicators of brain-computer interface). For this reason, the method using SSVEP is attracting attention as a UI for people with disabilities.
- ITR Information Transfer Rate
- SSVEP is easier to calibrate compared to image analysis approaches. Furthermore, the method using SSVEP can accurately estimate the target of interest among several options. Additionally, SSVEP does not have resolution issues in the camera. SSVEP is robust to factors such as distance to the user, user posture, individual differences (eg, size of the iris of the eyes, wearing glasses), and ambient light.
- SSVEP has the advantages described above, and SSVEP is applied to GUI operations.
- GUI is a button displayed on a display.
- SSVEP is also applied to GUI operations in VR (Virtual Reality).
- a button is displayed within VR.
- the technique for manipulating a GUI using SSVEP can be used to manipulate objects arranged on a plane, such as an array of buttons. However, such methods do not assume objects arranged in space.
- the presentation system performs one or more visual pattern presentation processes described below.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of environment 1, which is an example of an environment for visual pattern presentation.
- environment 1 includes a presentation system 100, a network 200, an electroencephalograph 300, multiple devices 400, multiple cameras 500, and multiple projectors 600.
- the presentation system 100 is a system that performs processing for presenting visual patterns.
- processing is referred to as visual pattern presentation processing.
- An overview of one visual pattern presentation process will be explained in Section 3.
- Various visual pattern presentation processes will be explained in detail in Section 5.
- Presentation system 100 includes one or more computers, such as one or more servers. An example of the configuration of the presentation system 100 will be described in Section 4.
- the network 200 is a network such as a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), or the Internet.
- Network 200 connects presentation system 100, electroencephalograph 300, equipment 400, camera 500, and projector 600.
- the electroencephalograph 300 is an electroencephalograph used by the user.
- the electroencephalograph 300 is, for example, a non-invasive electroencephalograph.
- the electroencephalograph 300 is used to measure SSVEP.
- the device 400 is a variety of computer devices used by users.
- the device 400 is, for example, a residential IoT device such as a light, an air conditioner, or a television.
- a residential IoT device such as a light, an air conditioner, or a television.
- device 400 is placed in a user's room.
- the camera 500 is a camera installed at a location related to the user.
- the location is, for example, the user's room.
- Camera 500 may be installed near equipment 400.
- the projector 600 is a projector installed near the device 400.
- projector 600 is attached to the ceiling of a user's room.
- FIG. 2 shows an overview 10 that is an overview of one visual pattern presentation process according to the present disclosure. Summary 10 compares current uses of SSVEP and uses of SSVEP according to this disclosure.
- SSVEP can be used to estimate the button that is being watched among multiple buttons.
- a stimulus pattern is presented on each button. For example, some buttons flash at frequency A and other buttons flash at frequency B.
- the user is focused on a button that flashes at frequency B.
- the electroencephalograph measures the user's brain waves.
- a power spectrum is obtained by taking the Fourier transform of the measured brain waves. The peak in the power spectrum corresponds to SSVEP at frequency B. That is, SSVEP tells us which stimulus pattern the user saw.
- examples of current uses for SSVEP include GUI manipulation on displays and GUI manipulation within VR.
- a high resolution display allows the user to select closely spaced buttons with precision. Note that the realistic number of stimulation patterns is about 10.
- an example of the application of SSVEP according to the present disclosure is the operation of an IoT device placed in a user's room.
- the presentation system 100 applies SSVEP to the operation/selection of devices in space, such as IoT devices.
- the presentation system 100 presents the visual stimulation pattern where and when the visual stimulation pattern is needed. For example, if the user is facing toward the television, presentation system 100 projects a visual stimulus pattern onto the television using projector 600. Thereby, the presentation system 100 allows the user to operate or select equipment in the space.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example of the configuration of the presentation system 100 according to the present disclosure.
- the presentation system 100 includes a communication section 110, a control section 120, and a storage section 130.
- the presentation system 100 may include an input unit (eg, keyboard, mouse) that receives input from an administrator of the presentation system 100.
- the presentation system 100 may also include an output unit (for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display) that displays information to the administrator.
- an input unit eg, keyboard, mouse
- an output unit for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display
- the communication unit 110 is implemented by a network device such as a NIC (Network Interface Card).
- the communication unit 110 is connected to the network 200 by wire or wirelessly.
- the communication unit 110 can send and receive data to and from the electroencephalograph 300 , the device 400 , the camera 500 , and the projector 600 via the network 200 .
- the control unit 120 is implemented by a data processing device and various programs stored in a storage device.
- the data processing device is, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), or a GPGPU (General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit).
- the control unit 120 may be implemented as a controller for controlling multiple operations of the presentation system 100. For example, when one or more processors execute a program (multiple instructions) by using RAM (Random Access Memory) as a work area, the one or more processors execute multiple operations. conduct.
- the storage unit 130 is implemented using a RAM, a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory, a magnetic disk such as a hard disk, or an optical disk.
- the storage unit 130 can store various programs and various data.
- the control unit 120 includes an acquisition unit 121, a determination unit 122, a presentation unit 123, a measurement unit 124, and an estimation unit 125.
- the acquisition unit 121 is an example of a first acquisition unit and a second acquisition unit. The data processing carried out by the individual parts will be explained below. Further, details of the individual parts will be explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires device data regarding the device 400.
- the device data indicates multiple devices that can be operated by the user.
- the devices are IoT devices in a particular environment (eg, a user's room).
- the acquisition unit 121 also acquires user data regarding the user.
- the user data is an image or video captured by the camera 500.
- User data may indicate the user's location and facial orientation.
- the acquisition unit 121 can measure the user's line of sight direction (that is, the range that the user is looking at) based on the user data.
- the determining unit 122 determines devices within the user's field of vision. Such a device is, for example, an IoT device in the direction of the user's line of sight.
- the determining unit 122 can determine a plurality of visual patterns each corresponding to a plurality of devices, for example, based on predetermined conditions (eg, specific rules) stored in a repository in the storage unit 130.
- the presentation unit 123 presents the visual pattern on the device determined by the determination unit 122. For example, a plurality of different visual stimulus patterns are presented on an IoT device in the direction of the user's line of sight.
- the measurement unit 124 measures the user's brain waves using the electroencephalograph 300.
- the measurement unit 124 can measure SSVEP based on the user's brain waves.
- the estimation unit 125 estimates the device operated by the user based on data related to the user's brain waves. For example, based on the SSVEP, the estimation unit 125 identifies the device operated by the user.
- the storage unit 130 includes device data 131.
- the device data 131 is various data regarding the device 400. Details of the device data 131 will be explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration 20 that is an example of the configuration of the control unit 120 and storage unit 130 according to the present disclosure.
- the configuration 20 includes a face direction acquisition unit 21, a user position acquisition unit 22, a photographing target determination unit 23, a visual stimulus presentation unit 24, an SSVEP measurement unit 25, a gaze target estimation unit 26, an environment MAP 27, and Includes equipment DB28.
- the face direction acquisition section 21 and the user position acquisition section 22 are examples of the acquisition section 121.
- the photographing target determining section 23 is an example of the determining section 122.
- the visual stimulation presentation section 24 is an example of the presentation section 123.
- the SSVEP measuring section 25 is an example of the measuring section 124.
- the gaze target estimation section 26 is an example of the estimation section 125.
- the environment MAP 27 and the device DB 28 are examples of the device data 131.
- the face direction acquisition unit 21 acquires the user's face direction.
- the direction is expressed using, for example, an azimuth angle.
- the user position acquisition unit 22 acquires the user's position.
- the position is expressed using coordinates, for example.
- the photographing target determining unit 23 determines the visual stimulation pattern to be projected and the device to be projected for the visual stimulation pattern based on the user's position, the direction of the user's face, the environment MAP 27, and the device DB 28.
- the imaging target determining unit 23 can acquire various visual stimulation patterns from a repository in the storage unit 130.
- the visual stimulus presentation unit 24 presents a visual stimulus pattern.
- the visual stimulus presentation unit 24 can project a visual stimulus pattern using the projector 600.
- the SSVEP measurement unit 25 measures SSVEP data.
- the SSVEP measurement unit 25 can measure SSVEP data using an electroencephalograph 300.
- the gaze target estimating unit 26 estimates the target that the user is gazing at. For example, the gaze target estimating unit 26 estimates the device that the user is gazing at based on the SSVEP data, the visual stimulation target, and the device on which the visual stimulation target is projected.
- the environment MAP 27 shows the environment in which the user is present.
- the environment MAP 27 may indicate the positions of the camera 500 and the projector 600.
- the device DB 28 is a database that stores data on the device 400.
- the device DB 28 stores the device name of the device 400.
- the device name is associated with the location of the device in space.
- FIG. 5 shows task 30, which is an example of a task related to visual pattern presentation.
- a system presents visual patterns.
- Problem 30 is that the system deteriorates the estimation accuracy and analysis time of SSVEP.
- FIG. 6A and 6B collectively illustrate visual pattern presentation processing 40, which is an example of visual pattern presentation processing according to the present disclosure.
- the presentation system 100 presents a visual stimulus pattern based on the user's 41 position and face direction.
- the user 41 has a device 400a, a device 400b, a device 400c, a device 400d, and a device 400e in the user's 41 room.
- the acquisition unit 121 of the presentation system 100 estimates the position and face direction of the user 41 (42). For example, the acquisition unit 121 acquires the position and head direction of the user 41 using the camera 500.
- the presentation unit 123 of the presentation system 100 presents the visual stimulation pattern only to the options that exist in the direction that the user 41 is facing (for example, the device 400a, the device 400d) (43). For example, the presentation unit 123 projects the visual stimulation pattern onto the device 400 in that direction using the projector 600.
- the acquisition unit 121 detects changes in the position and face direction of the user 41 (44).
- the acquisition unit 121 updates the position and face direction of the user 41 (45).
- the presentation unit 123 updates the device 400 to be presented (46). In this way, when the user 41 turns his face toward the device 400 (e.g., device 400b, device 400e) that the user 41 wants to operate, and then looks at the visual stimulus pattern, the user 41 can see the device 400 that the user 41 wants to operate. can be selected.
- the device 400 e.g., device 400b, device 400e
- the visual pattern presentation process according to the present disclosure may be applied to selecting and operating devices in a VR space.
- the device in the VR space corresponds to the device 400 in FIGS. 6A and 6B. That is, the presentation system 100 can target not only devices in the real world but also devices in the VR world.
- the camera 500 may be integrated with the electroencephalograph 300.
- the presentation system 100 (for example, the acquisition unit 121) may identify the device that the user is gazing at based on the image captured by the camera 500. Further, the presentation system 100 (for example, the presentation unit 123) may display the visual stimulation pattern on a screen provided in the device 400. Device 400 may be connected to a screen, for example.
- An example of a visual pattern presentation process includes a process for determining a device to which a visual stimulus is projected.
- the process for determining the target device for visual stimulus projection is performed by the presentation system 100 of FIG. 1, for example.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing processing P100, which is an example of processing for determining a device to be targeted for visual stimulus projection.
- the environment MAP 27 and device DB 28 described above with reference to FIG. 4 are prepared in advance.
- the environment MAP 27 has been created, and the device DB 28 has also been registered.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires the user's position and face direction (step S101).
- the face direction acquisition unit 21 acquires the face direction
- the user position acquisition unit 22 acquires the user's position.
- the determining unit 122 determines a plurality of devices onto which visual stimuli are projected and their respective visual stimulus patterns (step S102). For example, the photographing target determining unit 23 determines the device 400 that is the object (target) of visual stimulus projection and its visual stimulus pattern based on the user's position, the user's face direction, the environment MAP 27, and the device DB 28. do.
- the determined visual stimulation pattern is projected onto the determined device 400 by the presentation unit 123 (for example, the visual stimulation presentation unit 24).
- the SSVEP data is measured by the measurement unit 124 (for example, the SSVEP measurement unit 25).
- the estimation unit 125 identifies the device being watched by the user from among the determined devices based on the SSVEP data (step S103). For example, the gaze target estimating unit 26 estimates the device being gazed at by the user based on the SSVEP data and the projected visual stimulation pattern.
- the acquisition unit 121 determines whether the user's position and face direction have changed (step S104). If it is determined that the user's position and face direction have changed (step S104: Yes), the acquisition unit 121 performs step S102 again. If it is determined that the user's position and face direction have not changed (step S104: No), the estimation unit 125 performs step S103 again.
- Presentation system 100 may use a projector to project visual stimulus patterns that allow for visual manipulation of options (eg, equipment 400) in space. Since the presentation system 100 projects a visual stimulation pattern when a visual stimulation pattern is required, the presentation system 100 can also suppress the influence on the estimation accuracy of SSVEP and the analysis time.
- options eg, equipment 400
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a computer 1000, which is an example of a computer hardware configuration.
- the systems and methods described in this specification are implemented by computer 1000, for example.
- a computer 1000 is an example of a computer that implements the presentation system 100 by executing a program.
- Computer 1000 has memory 1010 and CPU 1020.
- Computer 1000 also has a hard disk drive interface 1030, a disk drive interface 1040, a serial port interface 1050, a video adapter 1060, and a network interface 1070. These components are connected by a bus 1080.
- the memory 1010 includes a ROM (Read Only Memory) 1011 and a RAM 1012.
- the ROM 1011 stores, for example, a boot program such as BIOS (Basic Input Output System).
- Hard disk drive interface 1030 is connected to hard disk drive 1090.
- Disk drive interface 1040 is connected to disk drive 1100.
- a removable storage medium eg, a magnetic disk or an optical disk
- Serial port interface 1050 is connected to, for example, mouse 1110 and keyboard 1120.
- Video adapter 1060 is connected to display 1130, for example.
- the hard disk drive 1090 stores an OS 1091, application programs 1092, program modules 1093, and program data 1094.
- the program executed by computer 1000 defines multiple operations of presentation system 100.
- This program may be implemented as a program module 1093 written in code executable by the computer 1000.
- Program module 1093 is stored in hard disk drive 1090, for example.
- hard disk drive 1090 stores program modules 1093 for performing processing similar to the functionality of the components of presentation system 100.
- the hard disk drive 1090 may be replaced with an SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the hard disk drive 1090 can store a presentation program for visual pattern presentation processing.
- Hard disk drive 1090 may store computer program products including presentation program(s).
- the presentation program when executed, performs one or more methods, such as those described above.
- the configuration data used for the various processes described above may be implemented as program data 1094.
- the setting data is stored in the memory 1010 or the hard disk drive 1090, for example.
- CPU 1020 loads program module 1093 and program data 1094 stored in memory 1010 and hard disk drive 1090 into RAM 1012 as necessary. The CPU 1020 then performs the various processes described above.
- program module 1093 and program data 1094 may be stored in a removable storage medium instead of the hard disk drive 1090.
- the CPU 1020 may load the program module 1093 and program data 1094 via the disk drive 1100 or the like.
- program module 1093 and program data 1094 may be stored in another computer connected to computer 1000 via a network (LAN, WAN, etc.). In this case, the CPU 1020 may load the program module 1093 and program data 1094 via the network interface 1070.
- the presentation system 100 includes the acquisition section 121, the determination section 122, and the presentation section 123.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires device data indicating a plurality of devices that can be operated by a user.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires user data that specifies the user's field of view.
- the determination unit 122 determines a device within the user's field of vision from among a plurality of devices using device data and user data.
- the presenting unit 123 presents on the device determined by the determining unit 122 a visual pattern that allows the user's brain waves to operate the determined device.
- the determination unit 122 determines a plurality of devices within the field of view of the user from the plurality of devices, and determines a plurality of visual patterns corresponding to the plurality of devices, each visual pattern being a plurality of visual patterns. Determine multiple visual patterns that allow the user's brainwaves to operate the corresponding equipment.
- the presentation unit 123 presents each visual pattern on a corresponding device.
- the presentation unit 123 projects the visual pattern onto the device determined by the determination unit 122 using a projector located near the device determined by the determination unit 122.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires the positions of multiple devices that can be operated by the user as device data.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires the user's position and the direction of the user's face as user data.
- the acquisition unit 121 acquires the user's position and the direction of the user's face using a camera installed at a specific location associated with the user.
- presentation system 100 Various implementations of presentation system 100 are described herein or illustrated in the drawings. Some implementations relate to information including various data, data processing procedures, specific names, or parameters. Such implementations may be modified in any manner unless otherwise specified. For example, the various data are not limited to the data shown in the drawings.
- the components of the system are shown in the drawing.
- the illustrated components conceptually illustrate the functionality of the system.
- the components are not necessarily physically arranged as shown in the drawings.
- the components may be integrated or distributed, and the specific form of the system is not limited to that shown. All or part of the system may be functionally or physically integrated or distributed depending on various loads and usage conditions.
- module (module, section, -er suffix or -or suffix) can be read as unit, means, circuit, etc.
- a communication module, a control module, and a storage module can be read as a communication unit, a control unit, and a storage unit, respectively.
- control unit 120 (Configuration of control unit)
- the configuration of the control unit 120 shown in FIG. 3 is exemplary, and the data processing described with respect to a specific unit does not necessarily have to be performed by that specific unit.
- the presentation unit 123 may perform the data processing described with respect to the determination unit 122.
- the control unit 120 may include other units not shown in FIG. 3. Other units may perform the data processing described with respect to the control unit 120.
- the data processing device described with respect to control unit 120 is not limited to the specific hardware described above.
- the data processing device may be, for example, a variety of computers or an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a GPGPU (General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit).
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- GPGPU General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit
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Abstract
Description
1.はじめに
2.視覚パターン提示のための環境
3.視覚パターン提示処理の概要
4.提示システムの構成
5.視覚パターン提示処理の詳細
5-1.課題の例
5-2.実空間における視覚刺激パターンの提示
5-3.他の実装の例
6.視覚パターン提示処理のフローチャート
7.効果
8.ハードウェア構成
9.実施形態のまとめ
10.補遺
SSVEP(Steady State Visually Evoked Potential)が、ディスプレイ上のGUIを操作するために使われている。SSVEPを使った手法では、ユーザが注視している対象(ターゲット)が、ユーザの脳波に基づいて推定される。網膜が、3.5Hzから75Hzの視覚刺激によって、興奮すると、脳波が検出される。この脳波の周波数は、視覚刺激と同等である。
まず、視覚パターン提示のための環境を、図1を参照して説明する。
次に、1つの視覚パターン提示処理の概要を、図2を参照して説明する。なお、この概要は、本発明や、以下の節で説明する複数の実施形態を限定することを意図するものではない。
次に、提示システム100の構成の例を、図3を参照して説明する。
通信部110は、NIC(Network Interface Card)等のネットワーク機器によって実装される。通信部110は、有線または無線によりネットワーク200と接続される。通信部110は、ネットワーク200を介して、脳波計300、機器400、カメラ500およびプロジェクタ600との間で、データの送受信を行うことができる。
制御部120は、データ処理装置と、記憶装置に記憶された各種プログラムによって実装される。データ処理装置は、例えば、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、MPU(Micro Processing Unit)、GPGPU(General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit)等のプロセッサである。制御部120は、提示システム100の複数の動作を制御するためのコントローラ(controller)として実装され得る。例えば、1つまたは複数のプロセッサが、RAM(Random Access Memory)を作業領域として使用することで、プログラム(複数の命令)を実行した場合に、この1つまたは複数のプロセッサは、複数の動作を行う。
記憶部130は、RAM、フラッシュメモリ(Flash Memory)等の半導体メモリ、ハードディスク等の磁気ディスク、または光ディスクによって実装される。記憶部130は、各種プログラムおよび各種データを記憶することができる。
取得部121は、機器400に関する機器データを取得する。機器データは、ユーザが操作することができる複数の機器を示す。例えば、複数の機器は、特定の環境(例えば、ユーザの部屋)におけるIoT機器である。また、取得部121は、ユーザに関するユーザデータを取得する。例えば、ユーザデータは、カメラ500によって撮影された画像や映像である。ユーザデータは、ユーザの位置や顔の向きを示し得る。取得部121は、ユーザデータに基づいて、ユーザの視線方向(すなわち、ユーザが見ている範囲)を計測することができる。
決定部122は、ユーザの視界内にある機器を決定する。このような機器は、例えば、ユーザの視線方向にあるIoT機器である。決定部122は、例えば、記憶部130内のリポジトリに記憶された所定の条件(例えば、特定のルール)に基づいて、複数の機器にそれぞれ対応する複数の視覚パターンを決定することができる。
提示部123は、決定部122によって決定された機器上に、視覚パターンを提示する。例えば、ユーザの視線方向にあるIoT機器上に、異なる複数の視覚刺激パターンを提示する。
計測部124は、ユーザの脳波を、脳波計300を使って計測する。計測部124は、ユーザの脳波に基づいて、SSVEPを計測することができる。
推定部125は、ユーザによって操作された機器を、ユーザの脳波に関するデータに基づいて推定する。例えば、SSVEPに基づいて、推定部125は、ユーザによって操作された機器を特定する。
1つの視覚パターン提示処理の概要を、図2を参照して上で説明した。様々な視覚パターン提示処理を、この節で詳細に説明する。
図5は、視覚パターン提示に関連する課題の例である課題30を示す。図5の例では、あるシステムが、視覚パターンを提示する。課題30は、システムが、SSVEPの推定精度や解析時間を悪化させることである。
図6Aおよび図6Bは、本開示に係る視覚パターン提示処理の例である視覚パターン提示処理40を、ひとまとめにして示す。視覚パターン提示処理40では、提示システム100は、視覚刺激パターンを、ユーザ41の位置および顔方向に基づいて、提示する。ユーザ41は、ユーザ41の部屋に、機器400a、機器400b、機器400c、機器400dおよび機器400eがある。
本開示に係る視覚パターン提示処理は、VR空間中の機器の選択や操作に応用されてもよい。この場合、VR空間中の機器が、図6Aおよび図6Bの機器400に対応する。すなわち、提示システム100は、実世界の機器だけなくVR世界の機器も対象とし得る。
次に、視覚パターン提示処理の例のフローチャートを、図7を参照して説明する。視覚パターン提示処理の例は、視覚刺激投影の対象とされる機器を決定するための処理を含む。視覚刺激投影の対象とされる機器を決定するための処理は、例えば、図1の提示システム100によって行われる。
提示システム100は、空間中の選択肢(例えば、機器400)を視覚的に操作することを可能にする視覚刺激パターンを、プロジェクタを使って投影することができる。提示システム100は、視覚刺激パターンが必要とされる際に、視覚刺激パターンを投影するため、提示システム100は、SSVEPの推定精度や解析時間への影響を抑えることもできる。
図8は、コンピュータのハードウェア構成の例であるコンピュータ1000を示す図である。この明細書で説明されたシステムや方法は、例えば、コンピュータ1000によって実装される。
上で説明したように、提示システム100は、取得部121、決定部122および提示部123を含む。少なくとも1つの実施形態では、取得部121は、ユーザが操作することができる複数の機器を示す機器データを取得する。そして、取得部121は、ユーザの視界を特定するユーザデータを取得する。少なくとも1つの実施形態では、決定部122は、複数の機器の中から、ユーザの視界内にある機器を、機器データおよびユーザデータを用いて決定する。少なくとも1つの実施形態では、提示部123は、決定部122によって決定された機器上に、ユーザの脳波がこの決定された機器を操作することを可能にする視覚パターンを提示する。
最後に、上記の説明を、その他の実施形態で補う。様々な実施形態を、図面を参照して上で説明してきた。これらの実施形態は、例示的であり、上記の説明は、本開示を、これらの実施形態に限定することを意図するものではない。この明細書で説明された特徴は、当業者の知識に基づく変形や改良を含む、様々な方法(ways)で実現され得る。
この明細書では、いくつかの処理は、自動的に行われる処理として説明された。これらの処理の一部は、手動的に行われ得る。また、いくつかの他の処理は、手動的に行われる処理として説明された。これらの他の処理の全部または一部は、公知の方法を使って、自動的に行われ得る。
部(module、section、-er接尾辞または-or接尾辞)という用語は、ユニット、手段、回路などに読み替えることができる。例えば、通信部(communication module)、制御部(control module)および記憶部(storage module)は、それぞれ、通信ユニット、制御ユニットおよび記憶ユニットに読み替えることができる。
図3に示された制御部120の構成は、例示的であり、特定の部に関して説明されたデータ処理は、必ずしも、その特定の部によって行われなくてもよい。例えば、提示部123は、決定部122に関して説明されたデータ処理を行ってもよい。また、制御部120は、図3に示されていないその他の部を含んでもよい。その他の部は、制御部120に関して説明されたデータ処理を行ってもよい。
制御部120に関して説明されたデータ処理装置は、上で説明した特定のハードウェアに限定されるものはない。データ処理装置は、例えば、各種のコンピュータ、またはASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)、GPGPU(General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit)等の集積回路であってもよい。
100 提示システム
110 通信部
120 制御部
121 取得部
122 決定部
123 提示部
124 計測部
125 推定部
130 記憶部
131 機器データ
200 ネットワーク
300 脳波計
400 機器
500 カメラ
600 プロジェクタ
Claims (8)
- ユーザが操作することができる複数の機器を示す機器データを取得する第1取得部と、
前記ユーザの視界を特定するユーザデータを取得する第2取得部と、
前記複数の機器の中から、前記ユーザの視界内にある機器を、前記機器データ及び前記ユーザデータを用いて決定する決定部と、
前記決定部によって決定された機器上に、前記ユーザの脳波が当該決定された機器を操作することを可能にする視覚パターンを提示する提示部と
を備える提示システム。 - 前記決定部は、前記複数の機器から、前記ユーザの視界内にある複数の機器を決定し、前記複数の機器にそれぞれ対応する複数の視覚パターンであって、それぞれの視覚パターンが前記ユーザの脳波が対応する機器を操作することを可能にする複数の視覚パターンを決定し、
前記提示部は、前記それぞれの視覚パターンを、前記対応する機器上に提示する
請求項1に記載の提示システム。 - 前記提示部は、前記決定部によって決定された機器上に、前記視覚パターンを、前記決定部によって決定された機器の近傍に位置するプロジェクタを用いて投影する
請求項1に記載の提示システム。 - 前記第1取得部は、前記機器データとして、前記ユーザが操作することができる前記複数の機器の位置を取得する
請求項1に記載の提示システム。 - 前記第2取得部は、前記ユーザデータとして、前記ユーザの位置及び前記ユーザの顔の方向を取得する
請求項1に記載の提示システム。 - 前記第2取得部は、前記ユーザの位置及び前記ユーザの顔の方向を、前記ユーザに関連付けられた特定の場所に設置されたカメラを用いて取得する
請求項5に記載の提示システム。 - コンピュータが実行する提示方法であって、
ユーザが操作することができる複数の機器を示す機器データを取得する第1取得工程と、
前記ユーザの視界を特定するユーザデータを取得する第2取得工程と、
前記複数の機器の中から、前記ユーザの視界内にある機器を、前記機器データ及び前記ユーザデータを用いて決定する決定工程と、
前記決定工程によって決定された機器上に、前記ユーザの脳波が当該決定された機器を操作することを可能にする視覚パターンを提示する提示工程と
を含む提示方法。 - コンピュータを、請求項1~6のうちいずれか1つに記載の提示システムとして機能させるための提示プログラム。
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| JP2014206904A (ja) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-30 | オリンパス株式会社 | ウェアラブル装置、プログラム及びウェアラブル装置の表示制御方法 |
| WO2019073603A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | マクセル株式会社 | 表示装置、脳波インタフェース装置、ヘッドアップディスプレイシステム、プロジェクタシステムおよび視覚刺激信号の表示方法 |
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