WO2023226539A1 - Offshore wind farm multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method - Google Patents
Offshore wind farm multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
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- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and specifically relates to a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm.
- fault-based strategies and periodic strategies will both cause high operation and maintenance costs or even ineffective operation and maintenance; status-based strategies are currently the most cost-effective operation and maintenance optimization methods, but the implementation of this operation and maintenance strategy depends on operation and maintenance.
- the conditions for personnel to quickly obtain unit operating data are difficult to achieve in the operation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines far away from the coast.
- embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm to solve the problem of insufficient optimization of the efficiency, power generation level and operation and maintenance cost of the operation and maintenance strategy of offshore wind turbines in the prior art.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm, including:
- Step S10 obtain the equipment health level based on the performance status of multiple units in the offshore wind farm
- Step S20 when the equipment health level is lower than the preset level, determine the operation and maintenance interval and calculate the operation and maintenance cost; the preset level is set between good operating status and qualified operating status;
- Step S30 Conduct a quantitative analysis on the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the information of each unit to be operated and maintained. Operation and maintenance methods and operation and maintenance sequence;
- Step S401 if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met, execute the operation and maintenance task
- Step S402 if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, calculate the waiting time for inventory replenishment, and return to step S10.
- the point where the unit performance is 85% is set as a potential fault point, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as a failure point;
- calculating operation and maintenance costs includes:
- the downtime loss cost is obtained based on the average power generation of a single wind turbine and the average downtime of the operation and maintenance process.
- the operation and maintenance cost investment is used as the input indicator, and the unit performance recovery degree is used as the output indicator to obtain the best operation and maintenance method and the best operation and maintenance sequence.
- the number of spare parts and the number of operation and maintenance ships required for the best operation and maintenance method and the optimal number of operations and maintenance determine whether the current inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met.
- the operation and maintenance priority index is set according to the ratio of the performance recovery degree of the unit after operation and maintenance and the unit time cost of the operation and maintenance process.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm.
- the operation and operation and maintenance process of the offshore wind turbines are analyzed.
- the operation and maintenance strategy analyzer is used to perform simulation calculations to optimize the operation and maintenance strategy, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
- Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method for an offshore wind farm in an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of another method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method for offshore wind farms, as shown in Figure 1, including:
- Step S10 Obtain the equipment health level based on the performance status of multiple units in the offshore wind farm.
- the equipment health level is obtained based on the aging degree of each equipment in the unit.
- Step S20 When the equipment health level is lower than the preset level, the operation and maintenance interval is determined and the operation and maintenance cost is calculated.
- the preset level is set between good operating condition and acceptable operating condition.
- the preset level is set within the range between the unit operating status is good and the operating status is qualified to avoid operation and maintenance delays caused by insufficient operation and maintenance inventory. , the wind turbines shut down, causing greater losses. Determine the specific equipment that needs repair and the cost based on the equipment health level.
- Step S30 quantitatively analyze the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the operation and maintenance method and order of each unit to be operated and maintained.
- the health index (PFHI) of each device is obtained to determine the operation and maintenance mode and order of each device.
- Step S401 If the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met, the operation and maintenance task is executed.
- Step S402 if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, calculate the waiting time for inventory replenishment, and return to step S10.
- the unit can still continue to operate and wait for inventory replenishment.
- the equipment is healthy Ensure that operation and maintenance tasks are performed in a timely manner before the level reaches a dangerous operating status.
- Embodiments of the present invention analyze the operation and maintenance process of offshore wind turbines through massive data accumulated in the operation and maintenance of existing offshore wind farm units, and provide an operation and maintenance method for multiple offshore wind farm units based on performance degradation.
- an operation and maintenance strategy model is constructed through data analysis, and the operation and maintenance strategy analyzer is used to perform simulation calculations to optimize the operation and maintenance strategy, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
- the health status of offshore wind turbines is divided into three levels: G 1 , G 2 , and G 3 , which respectively represent good, qualified, and dangerous.
- G 1 , G 2 , and G 3 The specific definitions and descriptions of each health level are shown in Table 1.
- it also includes:
- the performance degradation curve of each unit is generated based on the historical data and real-time monitoring data of the unit equipment, and is expressed in a coordinate system.
- the operating status of each unit of the offshore wind farm that is, the performance at each time point, can be obtained through the monitoring system or equipment.
- the data regression analysis method is used to fit the operating status data of each unit to generate a performance degradation curve. , presented in the same coordinate system.
- it also includes:
- the point where the unit performance is 85% is set as a potential fault point, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as a failure point;
- the point where the unit performance is 85% is set as the potential fault point P, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as the failure point F.
- the unit health index PFHI is:
- PFHI i,t is the health index of unit i at time t
- P'FHI i,t is the first time interval from unit i at time t to the failure point F
- PFHI i,t is the potential health index of unit i.
- the second time interval from the fault point P to the failure fault point F.
- one of the conditions for judging that the PFHI i,t values of each unit are reasonable is: 20%-25% of the health levels corresponding to the PFHI i,t values of all units to be maintained are in G3, 60% When -70% is in G2 and 1%-5% is in G1, it can be divided into the same maintenance team.
- calculating operation and maintenance costs includes:
- the downtime loss cost is obtained based on the average power generation of a single wind turbine and the average downtime of the operation and maintenance process.
- C i,h represents the basic salary per capita of operation and maintenance personnel required to operate and maintain the i-th unit
- H i is the personnel required to maintain the i-th offshore wind turbine unit Quantity
- C b is the per capita bonus per unit time
- t i,P' is the total amount required to operate and maintain the i-th offshore wind turbine. duration.
- V s is the average sailing speed of the operation and maintenance ship.
- Downtime loss cost the power generation loss caused by downtime when operating and maintaining the i-th wind turbine.
Abstract
Disclosed is an offshore wind farm multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method, comprising: S10, obtaining an equipment health level according to the performance states of a plurality of units of an offshore wind farm; S20, when the equipment health level is lower than a preset level, determining an operation and maintenance interval and calculating the operation and maintenance cost; and S30, performing quantitative analysis on the importance degree of unit operation and maintenance according to a preset maintenance priority index to obtain the operation and maintenance mode and operation and maintenance sequence of maintenance units to be operated and maintained; if an inventory operation and maintenance condition is satisfied, executing an operation and maintenance task; and if the inventory operation and maintenance condition is not satisfied, calculating the waiting time required by inventory replenishment, and returning to step S20. The operation and maintenance process of offshore wind turbines is analyzed by means of massive data accumulated in the operation and maintenance of existing offshore wind farm units, on the basis of big data, an operation and maintenance strategy model is constructed by means of data analysis, simulation operation is performed by using an operation and maintenance strategy analyzer, so that an operation and maintenance strategy is optimized, the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.
Description
本发明涉及海上风电技术领域，具体涉及一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and specifically relates to a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm.
以人工智能、物联网、云计算等技术为代表的第四次工业革命正在改变世界，在海上风电行业中，以更加安全、高效的智慧运维也正受到前所未有的关注，已经成为海上风电场未来发展的方向。The fourth industrial revolution represented by artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other technologies is changing the world. In the offshore wind power industry, safer and more efficient smart operation and maintenance are also receiving unprecedented attention, and have become offshore wind farms. The direction of future development.
当前，海上风电场的机组运维策略的现有研究主要集中于基于故障的、周期性的和基于状态的运维策略。其中，基于故障的策略和周期性策略均会造成运维成本过高甚至运维无效；基于状态的策略是当前最具成本效益的运维优化方法，但该运维策略的实施依赖于运维人员可以快速获取机组运行数据的条件，在针对距离海岸较远的海上风电机组的运维情况，这种条件是很难实现的。Currently, existing research on unit operation and maintenance strategies for offshore wind farms mainly focuses on fault-based, periodic and condition-based operation and maintenance strategies. Among them, fault-based strategies and periodic strategies will both cause high operation and maintenance costs or even ineffective operation and maintenance; status-based strategies are currently the most cost-effective operation and maintenance optimization methods, but the implementation of this operation and maintenance strategy depends on operation and maintenance. The conditions for personnel to quickly obtain unit operating data are difficult to achieve in the operation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines far away from the coast.
因此，如何为海上风电机组运维提供一个新的视角和优化方法，以提高运维效率，提升发电水平，降低运维成本，成为目前亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to provide a new perspective and optimization method for the operation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines to improve operation and maintenance efficiency, improve power generation levels, and reduce operation and maintenance costs has become an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，以解决现有技术中的海上风电机组运维策略的效率、发电水平以及运维成本优化程度不够的问题。In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm to solve the problem of insufficient optimization of the efficiency, power generation level and operation and maintenance cost of the operation and maintenance strategy of offshore wind turbines in the prior art. .
本发明实施例提供了一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，包括：The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm, including:
步骤S10，根据海上风电场多个机组的性能状态获取设备健康等级；Step S10, obtain the equipment health level based on the performance status of multiple units in the offshore wind farm;
步骤S20，当设备健康等级低于预设等级时，确定运维区间并核算运维成本；预设等级设置在运行状态良好和运行状态合格之间；Step S20, when the equipment health level is lower than the preset level, determine the operation and maintenance interval and calculate the operation and maintenance cost; the preset level is set between good operating status and qualified operating status;
步骤S30，对机组运维的重要程度进行定量分析，以获取各个待运维机组的
运维方式和运维次序；Step S30: Conduct a quantitative analysis on the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the information of each unit to be operated and maintained. Operation and maintenance methods and operation and maintenance sequence;
步骤S401，若具备库存运维条件，则执行运维任务；Step S401, if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met, execute the operation and maintenance task;
步骤S402，若不具备库存运维条件，则计算库存补充所需等待的时间，并返回步骤S10。Step S402, if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, calculate the waiting time for inventory replenishment, and return to step S10.
可选地，还包括：Optionally, also includes:
根据历史数据和实时监测数据生成每个机组的性能退化曲线；Generate performance degradation curves for each unit based on historical data and real-time monitoring data;
根据性能退化曲线构建设备健康指标，判断每个机组的健康状态，从而确定设备健康等级。Construct equipment health indicators based on the performance degradation curve to determine the health status of each unit to determine the equipment health level.
可选地，还包括：Optionally, also includes:
将机组性能为85％的点设为潜在故障点，机组性能为60％的点设为失效故障点；The point where the unit performance is 85% is set as a potential fault point, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as a failure point;
获取机组在当前时间点与失效故障点在性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第一时间间隔；Obtain the first time interval between the current time point of the unit and the time point corresponding to the failure point in the performance degradation curve;
获取机组在潜在故障点与失效故障点在性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第二时间间隔；Obtain the second time interval between the potential fault point and the failure fault point of the unit corresponding to the time point in the performance degradation curve;
根据第一时间间隔与第二时间间隔的比值获取设备健康指标。Obtain the device health indicator according to the ratio of the first time interval and the second time interval.
可选地，核算运维成本包括：Optionally, calculating operation and maintenance costs includes:
根据运维人员的基本工资和奖金获取人力资源成本；Obtain human resource costs based on the basic salary and bonus of operation and maintenance personnel;
根据运维的方式获取材料设备成本；Obtain material and equipment costs based on operation and maintenance methods;
根据运维船只的租赁费用和航行燃油支出获取运输成本；Obtain transportation costs based on the rental fees of operation and maintenance vessels and navigation fuel expenditure;
根据单个风电机组的平均发电量和运维过程的平均停机时间获取停机损失成本。The downtime loss cost is obtained based on the average power generation of a single wind turbine and the average downtime of the operation and maintenance process.
可选地，对机组运维的重要程度进行定量分析，以获取各个待运维机组的运维方式和运维次序，包括：Optionally, quantitatively analyze the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the operation and maintenance methods and order of each unit to be operated and maintained, including:
获取运维优先指数；Get the operation and maintenance priority index;
获取所有运维方式对应的运维成本以及运维后每个机组的性能恢复程度；Obtain the operation and maintenance costs corresponding to all operation and maintenance methods and the performance recovery degree of each unit after operation and maintenance;
利用数据包络分析法，以运维成本投入为输入指标，机组性能恢复程度为输出指标，获取最佳运维方式和最佳运维次序。
Using the data envelopment analysis method, the operation and maintenance cost investment is used as the input indicator, and the unit performance recovery degree is used as the output indicator to obtain the best operation and maintenance method and the best operation and maintenance sequence.
可选地，还包括：Optionally, also includes:
根据最佳运维方式和最佳运维次数所需的运维人员数量、备品备件数量和运维船舶数量，判断当前是否满足库存运维条件。Based on the number of operation and maintenance personnel, the number of spare parts and the number of operation and maintenance ships required for the best operation and maintenance method and the optimal number of operations and maintenance, determine whether the current inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met.
可选地，在运维任务执行完毕之后，还包括：Optionally, after the operation and maintenance tasks are completed, it also includes:
更新机组的运行状态；Update the operating status of the unit;
根据性能退化曲线预测下一次运维时间间隔；Predict the next operation and maintenance time interval based on the performance degradation curve;
以性能恢复最大化和运维成本最小化为目标，对下一次运维时间所需的库存进行补充。With the goal of maximizing performance recovery and minimizing operation and maintenance costs, replenish the inventory required for the next operation and maintenance time.
可选地，运维优先指数根据运维后机组的性能恢复程度与运维过程的单位时间成本的比值进行设置。Optionally, the operation and maintenance priority index is set according to the ratio of the performance recovery degree of the unit after operation and maintenance and the unit time cost of the operation and maintenance process.
本发明实施例的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention:
本发明实施例提供了一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，通过现有海上风电场机组运维积累的海量数据，分析海上风电机组运行及运维过程，在大数据基础上，通过数据分析构建运维策略模型，运用运维策略分析器进行模拟运算，优化运维策略，提高运维效率，降低运维成本。Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm. Through the massive data accumulated in the operation and maintenance of existing offshore wind farm units, the operation and operation and maintenance process of the offshore wind turbines are analyzed. On the basis of big data, through Data analysis is used to build an operation and maintenance strategy model, and the operation and maintenance strategy analyzer is used to perform simulation calculations to optimize the operation and maintenance strategy, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
通过参考附图会更加清楚的理解本发明的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本发明进行任何限制，在附图中：The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way, in which:
图1示出了本发明实施例中一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法的流程图；Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method for an offshore wind farm in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出了本发明实施例中另一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法的流程图。FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of another method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm in an embodiment of the present invention.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实
施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other practical results obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts Examples all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供了一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，如图1所示，包括：The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-unit operation and maintenance strategy optimization method for offshore wind farms, as shown in Figure 1, including:
步骤S10，根据海上风电场多个机组的性能状态获取设备健康等级。Step S10: Obtain the equipment health level based on the performance status of multiple units in the offshore wind farm.
在本实施例中，根据机组各个设备的老化程度获取设备健康等级。In this embodiment, the equipment health level is obtained based on the aging degree of each equipment in the unit.
步骤S20，当设备健康等级低于预设等级时，确定运维区间并核算运维成本。预设等级设置在运行状态良好和运行状态合格之间。Step S20: When the equipment health level is lower than the preset level, the operation and maintenance interval is determined and the operation and maintenance cost is calculated. The preset level is set between good operating condition and acceptable operating condition.
在本实施例中，考虑到海上风电场运维需要依靠船舶运输等条件，将预设等级设置在机组运行状态良好和运行状态合格之间的区间内，避免运维库存不足导致运维延后，风电机组停机，造成更大的损失。根据设备健康等级确定具体需要维修的设备以及成本。In this embodiment, considering that the operation and maintenance of offshore wind farms depends on ship transportation and other conditions, the preset level is set within the range between the unit operating status is good and the operating status is qualified to avoid operation and maintenance delays caused by insufficient operation and maintenance inventory. , the wind turbines shut down, causing greater losses. Determine the specific equipment that needs repair and the cost based on the equipment health level.
步骤S30，对机组运维的重要程度进行定量分析，以获取各个待运维机组的运维方式和运维次序。Step S30: quantitatively analyze the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the operation and maintenance method and order of each unit to be operated and maintained.
在本实施例中，根据机组各个设备的健康状态，具体地，获取各个设备的健康指标(PFHI)确定各个设备的运维方式和运维顺序。In this embodiment, based on the health status of each device of the unit, specifically, the health index (PFHI) of each device is obtained to determine the operation and maintenance mode and order of each device.
步骤S401，若具备库存运维条件，则执行运维任务。Step S401: If the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met, the operation and maintenance task is executed.
步骤S402，若不具备库存运维条件，则计算库存补充所需等待的时间，并返回步骤S10。Step S402, if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, calculate the waiting time for inventory replenishment, and return to step S10.
在本实施例中，由于预设等级设置的范围是在机组运行状态良好和运行状态合格之间的区间内，即使不具备库存运维条件，机组仍然能够继续运行，等待库存补充，在设备健康等级达到运行状态危险之前，确保及时执行运维任务。In this embodiment, since the range of the preset level setting is within the interval between the unit's operating status being good and the unit's operating status being qualified, even if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, the unit can still continue to operate and wait for inventory replenishment. When the equipment is healthy Ensure that operation and maintenance tasks are performed in a timely manner before the level reaches a dangerous operating status.
本发明实施例通过现有海上风电场机组运维积累的海量数据，分析海上风电机组运行及运维过程，提供一种基于性能退化的海上风电场多机组运维方法。在大数据基础上，通过数据分析构建运维策略模型，运用运维策略分析器进行模拟运算，优化运维策略，提高运维效率，降低运维成本。Embodiments of the present invention analyze the operation and maintenance process of offshore wind turbines through massive data accumulated in the operation and maintenance of existing offshore wind farm units, and provide an operation and maintenance method for multiple offshore wind farm units based on performance degradation. On the basis of big data, an operation and maintenance strategy model is constructed through data analysis, and the operation and maintenance strategy analyzer is used to perform simulation calculations to optimize the operation and maintenance strategy, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
在具体实施例中，结合海上风电机组运维特点，将海上风电机组的健康状态划分为3个等级：G1、G2、G3，分别表示良好、合格和危险。各个健康等级的具体定义与描述如表1所示。
In a specific embodiment, combined with the operation and maintenance characteristics of offshore wind turbines, the health status of offshore wind turbines is divided into three levels: G 1 , G 2 , and G 3 , which respectively represent good, qualified, and dangerous. The specific definitions and descriptions of each health level are shown in Table 1.
表1健康状态等级
Table 1 Health status level
Table 1 Health status level
作为可选的实施方式，还包括：As an optional implementation, it also includes:
根据历史数据和实时监测数据生成每个机组的性能退化曲线；Generate performance degradation curves for each unit based on historical data and real-time monitoring data;
根据性能退化曲线构建设备健康指标，判断每个机组的健康状态，从而确定设备健康等级。Construct equipment health indicators based on the performance degradation curve to determine the health status of each unit to determine the equipment health level.
在本实施例中，根据机组设备的历史数据和实时监测数据生成每个机组的性能退化曲线，在坐标系中表示。在具体实施例中，通过监测系统或者设备可得到海上风电场各个机组的运行状态，即每个时间点的性能，利用数据回归分析方法将各个机组的运行状态数据进行拟合，生成性能退化曲线，呈现在同一坐标系中。In this embodiment, the performance degradation curve of each unit is generated based on the historical data and real-time monitoring data of the unit equipment, and is expressed in a coordinate system. In a specific embodiment, the operating status of each unit of the offshore wind farm, that is, the performance at each time point, can be obtained through the monitoring system or equipment. The data regression analysis method is used to fit the operating status data of each unit to generate a performance degradation curve. , presented in the same coordinate system.
作为可选的实施方式，还包括：As an optional implementation, it also includes:
将机组性能为85％的点设为潜在故障点，机组性能为60％的点设为失效故障点；The point where the unit performance is 85% is set as a potential fault point, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as a failure point;
获取机组在当前时间点与失效故障点在性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第一时间间隔；Obtain the first time interval between the current time point of the unit and the time point corresponding to the failure point in the performance degradation curve;
获取机组在潜在故障点与失效故障点在性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第二时间间隔；Obtain the second time interval between the potential fault point and the failure fault point of the unit corresponding to the time point in the performance degradation curve;
根据第一时间间隔与第二时间间隔的比值获取设备健康指标。Obtain the device health indicator according to the ratio of the first time interval and the second time interval.
在本实施例中，将机组性能为85％的点设为潜在故障点P，机组性能为60％的点设为失效故障点F。In this embodiment, the point where the unit performance is 85% is set as the potential fault point P, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as the failure point F.
设置一个机组健康指标PFHI，将每个机组的健康状况进行归一化处理，机组健康指标PFHI为：
Set a unit health index PFHI to normalize the health status of each unit. The unit health index PFHI is:
Set a unit health index PFHI to normalize the health status of each unit. The unit health index PFHI is:
其中，PFHIi,t为机组i在t时的健康指标，P'FHIi,t为为机组i在t时到失效故障点F的第一时间间隔，PFHIi,t为为机组i的潜在故障点P到失效故障点F的第二时间间隔。Among them, PFHI i,t is the health index of unit i at time t, P'FHI i,t is the first time interval from unit i at time t to the failure point F, and PFHI i,t is the potential health index of unit i. The second time interval from the fault point P to the failure fault point F.
在具体实施例中，计算出各个机组的健康指标，并确定其健康等级。若在t时刻，各个机组的PFHIi,t值均合理，则划分到一个维护小组，并确定运维区间。若不合理，则令t'＝t+Δt，重新判定PFHIi,t值。根据各自的最佳运维区间确定一次进行多机组运维的最佳分组，保证在该区间内，所需运维的机组既已达到潜在故障点又未达到失效故障点。在具体实施例中，各个机组的PFHIi,t值均合理的判断条件之一为：所有待维护机组，其PFHIi,t值所对应的健康等级有20％-25％处于G3，60％-70％处于G2，1％-5％处于G1时，则可划分至同一维护小组。In a specific embodiment, the health index of each unit is calculated and its health level is determined. If at time t, the PFHI i,t values of each unit are reasonable, they will be divided into a maintenance group and the operation and maintenance interval will be determined. If it is unreasonable, set t'=t+Δt and re-determine the PFHI i,t value. Determine the best grouping for multi-unit operation and maintenance at one time according to their respective optimal operation and maintenance intervals to ensure that within this interval, the units required for operation and maintenance have reached potential failure points but have not reached failure failure points. In a specific embodiment, one of the conditions for judging that the PFHI i,t values of each unit are reasonable is: 20%-25% of the health levels corresponding to the PFHI i,t values of all units to be maintained are in G3, 60% When -70% is in G2 and 1%-5% is in G1, it can be divided into the same maintenance team.
作为可选的实施方式，核算运维成本包括：As an optional implementation method, calculating operation and maintenance costs includes:
根据运维人员的基本工资和奖金获取人力资源成本；Obtain human resource costs based on the basic salary and bonus of operation and maintenance personnel;
根据运维的方式获取材料设备成本；Obtain material and equipment costs based on operation and maintenance methods;
根据运维船只的租赁费用和航行燃油支出获取运输成本；Obtain transportation costs based on the rental fees of operation and maintenance vessels and navigation fuel expenditure;
根据单个风电机组的平均发电量和运维过程的平均停机时间获取停机损失成本。The downtime loss cost is obtained based on the average power generation of a single wind turbine and the average downtime of the operation and maintenance process.
在本实施例中，根据现有对海上风电机组运维成本类型的研究，确定本发明所考虑的运维成本的组成元素为：人力资源成本、材料设备成本、物流成本及停机损失成本。In this embodiment, based on existing research on the types of operation and maintenance costs of offshore wind turbines, it is determined that the components of the operation and maintenance costs considered in the present invention are: human resource costs, material equipment costs, logistics costs and downtime loss costs.
人力资源成本：运维人员的基本工资及运维工作劳动所得的奖金，计算公式如下：
Human resources cost: the basic salary of operation and maintenance personnel and bonuses from operation and maintenance work. The calculation formula is as follows:
Human resources cost: the basic salary of operation and maintenance personnel and bonuses from operation and maintenance work. The calculation formula is as follows:
其中，表示运维第i台机组所需要的人力资源成本；Ci,h表示运维第i台机组所需要的人均运维人员的基本工资；Hi为维修第i台海上风电机组所需的人员数量；Cb为单位时间的人均奖金；ti,P'为运维第i台海上风电机组所需的总
时长。in, represents the human resource cost required to operate and maintain the i-th unit; C i,h represents the basic salary per capita of operation and maintenance personnel required to operate and maintain the i-th unit; H i is the personnel required to maintain the i-th offshore wind turbine unit Quantity; C b is the per capita bonus per unit time; t i,P' is the total amount required to operate and maintain the i-th offshore wind turbine. duration.
材料设备成本：根据运维方式的不同来确定，计算公式如下：
Material and equipment costs: determined according to different operation and maintenance methods. The calculation formula is as follows:
Material and equipment costs: determined according to different operation and maintenance methods. The calculation formula is as follows:
其中，为第i个机组进行m类运维所需的材料设备成本；为第i个机组在健康状态等级为Gi的情况下进行m类运维所需的材料设备成本；ρi为机组的运维标志因子；βi设备的运维方式标识因子；为小修机组i所需的成本，为更换机组i所需的成本。in, The cost of materials and equipment required to perform type m operation and maintenance for the i-th unit; is the cost of materials and equipment required for m-type operation and maintenance of the i-th unit when the health status level is G i ; ρ i is the operation and maintenance identification factor of the unit; β i is the operation and maintenance mode identification factor of the equipment; is the cost required to minor repair unit i, The cost required to replace unit i.
运输成本：运维船只所产生的运输成本由运维船的租赁费用和航行燃油支出两部分构成，计算公式如下：
Tv＝Ts+Tw
Transportation cost: The transportation cost incurred by operating and maintaining the ship consists of two parts: the rental fee of the operation and maintenance ship and the navigation fuel expenditure. The calculation formula is as follows:
Tv = Ts + Tw
Tv＝Ts+Tw
Transportation cost: The transportation cost incurred by operating and maintaining the ship consists of two parts: the rental fee of the operation and maintenance ship and the navigation fuel expenditure. The calculation formula is as follows:
Tv = Ts + Tw
式中：In the formula:
Cv为运维时产生的运输成本；Cvr为单位时间的租赁成本；Tv为出海一次运维船的使用总时长；Ts为出海一次运维船的航行时间，且Tw为等待时间；Cf为单位航程燃油费；Di,j为风机i到风机j的航行航程其中，1<i<n，1<j<n，i≠j,n表示风机总数；Dd,1码头到第1个待运维机组的航行航程；Dn,d为第n个待运维机组到码头的航行航程。Vs为运维船的平均航行速度。C v is the transportation cost incurred during operation and maintenance; C vr is the rental cost per unit time; T v is the total time of use of the operation and maintenance ship for one trip to sea; T s is the sailing time of the operation and maintenance vessel for one trip to sea, and T w is the waiting time; C f is the fuel cost per unit voyage; D i,j is the voyage from wind turbine i to wind turbine j. Among them, 1<i<n, 1<j<n, i≠j,n represents the total number of wind turbines; D d, the sailing distance from the 1st terminal to the first unit to be operated and maintained; D n, d is the sailing distance from the nth unit to be operated and maintained to the terminal. V s is the average sailing speed of the operation and maintenance ship.
停机损失成本：运维第i台风力发电机时所造成的停机发电损失，计算公式如下：
Closs＝Q0ti，p′ Downtime loss cost: the power generation loss caused by downtime when operating and maintaining the i-th wind turbine. The calculation formula is as follows:
C loss =Q 0 t i,p′
Closs＝Q0ti，p′ Downtime loss cost: the power generation loss caused by downtime when operating and maintaining the i-th wind turbine. The calculation formula is as follows:
C loss =Q 0 t i,p′
其中，Closs为停机损失成本；Q0为每个风电机组的平均发电量；ti,P'为风力
发电机组进行运维时造成的风力发电机组平均停机时间。Among them, C loss is the cost of shutdown loss; Q 0 is the average power generation of each wind turbine; t i,P' is the wind power The average downtime of the wind turbine caused by the operation and maintenance of the generator set.
海上风电机组运维成本Ci,M的计算公式如下：
The calculation formula of offshore wind turbine operation and maintenance cost C i,M is as follows:
The calculation formula of offshore wind turbine operation and maintenance cost C i,M is as follows:
作为可选的实施方式，获取各个待运维机组的运维方式和运维次序，包括：As an optional implementation method, obtain the operation and maintenance method and order of each unit to be operated and maintained, including:
设置运维优先指数。Set the operation and maintenance priority index.
在本实施例中，运维优先指数的计算公式如下：
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the operation and maintenance priority index is as follows:
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the operation and maintenance priority index is as follows:
其中，ΔRi,m(t)为在t时间段对机组i进行m类运维后(其余机组不运维)机组的性能恢复程度；m＝{1,2,...,K}，表示对海上风电机组机组的K类不同程度的运维方式，本实施例中K取值2，即m＝{1,2}＝{小修，更换}。为对机组i的进行m类运维的成本，由小修或更换的成本、人力资源成本、材料设备成本、运输成本和停机损失组成。Among them, ΔR i,m (t) is the performance recovery degree of unit i after m-type operation and maintenance is performed on unit i in time period t (the remaining units are not operated and maintained); m={1,2,...,K}, Indicates different degrees of operation and maintenance methods for K types of offshore wind turbine units. In this embodiment, K takes a value of 2, that is, m={1,2}={minor repair, replacement}. The cost of type M operation and maintenance for unit i is composed of the cost of minor repair or replacement, human resource cost, material and equipment cost, transportation cost and downtime loss.
获取所有运维方式对应的运维成本以及运维后每个机组的性能恢复程度；Obtain the operation and maintenance costs corresponding to all operation and maintenance methods and the performance recovery degree of each unit after operation and maintenance;
在本实施例中，根据前述实施例中的成本核算公式对每个机组的所有运维方式所耗费的成本分别进行核算，根据每种运维方式的不同及运行状态确定运维后每个机组的性能恢复程度。In this embodiment, the cost of all operation and maintenance modes of each unit is calculated separately according to the cost accounting formula in the previous embodiment, and each unit after operation and maintenance is determined according to the difference and operating status of each operation and maintenance mode. degree of performance recovery.
利用数据包络分析法，以运维成本投入为输入指标，机组性能恢复程度为输出指标，获取最佳运维方式和最佳运维次序。Using the data envelopment analysis method, the operation and maintenance cost investment is used as the input indicator, and the unit performance recovery degree is used as the output indicator to obtain the best operation and maintenance method and the best operation and maintenance sequence.
在本实施例中，利用数据包络分析法(DEA)，以运维成本投入为输入指标，机组性能的恢复程度为输出指标，以便达成以相对最小的运维成本投入获得最大程度上的性能恢复的目标，得出各设备的最佳运维方式和运维次序。在具体实施例中，综合考虑运维成本投入与运维后性能恢复程度之间的关系，例如，建立投入成本与预测下一次设备故障时间间隔的关系式，取性价比最高的运维方案为最佳运维方式和最佳运维次序。In this embodiment, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used, with the operation and maintenance cost investment as the input indicator, and the unit performance recovery degree as the output indicator, so as to obtain the maximum performance with a relatively minimum operation and maintenance cost investment. The goal of recovery is to determine the optimal operation and maintenance method and order of operation and maintenance of each device. In a specific embodiment, the relationship between the operation and maintenance cost investment and the degree of performance recovery after operation and maintenance is comprehensively considered. For example, a relationship between the investment cost and the predicted time interval of the next equipment failure is established, and the operation and maintenance plan with the highest cost performance is selected as the most cost-effective. The best operation and maintenance method and the best operation and maintenance sequence.
作为可选的实施方式，还包括：As an optional implementation, it also includes:
根据最佳运维方式和最佳运维次数所需的运维人员数量、备品备件数量和运维船舶数量，判断当前是否满足库存运维条件。
Based on the number of operation and maintenance personnel, the number of spare parts and the number of operation and maintenance ships required for the best operation and maintenance method and the optimal number of operations and maintenance, determine whether the current inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met.
在本实施例中，如图2所示，根据前述实施例中所得到的最佳运维方式和运维次序得出所需的运维人员数量、备品备件数量和运维船舶数量，判断当前是否满足运维条件。In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the required number of operation and maintenance personnel, the number of spare parts and the number of operation and maintenance ships are obtained based on the optimal operation and maintenance method and operation and maintenance sequence obtained in the previous embodiment, and the current number of operation and maintenance ships is determined. Whether the operation and maintenance conditions are met.
若具备则进行下一步；If yes, proceed to the next step;
若不具备，则计算所需等待时间tw，此时t'＝t+tw，返回步骤S10。If not, the required waiting time tw is calculated, at this time t'=t+ tw , and returns to step S10.
作为可选的实施方式，在运维任务执行完毕之后，还包括：As an optional implementation method, after the operation and maintenance tasks are completed, it also includes:
更新机组的运行状态；Update the operating status of the unit;
根据性能退化曲线预测下一次运维时间间隔；Predict the next operation and maintenance time interval based on the performance degradation curve;
以性能恢复最大化和运维成本最小化为目标，对下一次运维时间所需的库存进行补充。With the goal of maximizing performance recovery and minimizing operation and maintenance costs, replenish the inventory required for the next operation and maintenance time.
在本实施例中，t时刻为开始运维设备的时间点，t'为本次运维后的下一次运维时间点，根据对设备的性能退化曲线(P-F曲线)进行分析判断，得到理论上的运维间隔为ΔT。In this embodiment, time t is the time point when the operation and maintenance of the equipment starts, and t' is the time point of the next operation and maintenance after this operation and maintenance. Based on the analysis and judgment of the performance degradation curve (P-F curve) of the equipment, the theoretical The operation and maintenance interval on is ΔT.
l个海上风电机组在根据运维优先指数排序后，t时的维修策略如下所示：
After l offshore wind turbines are sorted according to the operation and maintenance priority index, the maintenance strategy at time t is as follows:
After l offshore wind turbines are sorted according to the operation and maintenance priority index, the maintenance strategy at time t is as follows:
式中，Ri,m(t')表示t'时刻的机组i的性能，R0表示每个机组性能的安全阈值，在本实施例中，R0设置为潜在故障点和失效故障点的中间值，即72.5％，k表示前k个机组。In the formula, R i,m (t') represents the performance of unit i at time t', and R 0 represents the safety threshold of each unit's performance. In this embodiment, R 0 is set as the difference between the potential fault point and the failure fault point. The middle value, i.e. 72.5%, k represents the first k units.
执行运维任务，并令t'＝t+ΔT，返回步骤S10。Execute the operation and maintenance task, set t'=t+ΔT, and return to step S10.
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施例，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Such modifications and variations are covered by the appended claims. within the limited scope.
Claims (8)
- 一种海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，包括：A method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in offshore wind farms, which is characterized by including:步骤S10，根据海上风电场多个机组的性能状态获取设备健康等级；Step S10, obtain the equipment health level based on the performance status of multiple units in the offshore wind farm;步骤S20，当所述设备健康等级低于预设等级时，确定运维区间并核算运维成本；所述预设等级设置在运行状态良好和运行状态合格之间；Step S20, when the equipment health level is lower than the preset level, determine the operation and maintenance interval and calculate the operation and maintenance cost; the preset level is set between good operating status and qualified operating status;步骤S30，对机组运维的重要程度进行定量分析，以获取各个待运维机组的运维方式和运维次序；Step S30: Conduct a quantitative analysis on the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the operation and maintenance method and order of operation and maintenance of each unit to be operated and maintained;步骤S401，若具备库存运维条件，则执行运维任务；Step S401, if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are met, execute the operation and maintenance task;步骤S402，若不具备库存运维条件，则计算库存补充所需等待的时间，并返回步骤S10。Step S402, if the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are not met, calculate the waiting time for inventory replenishment, and return to step S10.
- 根据权利要求1所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，还包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm according to claim 1, further comprising:根据历史数据和实时监测数据生成每个所述机组的性能退化曲线；Generate performance degradation curves for each unit based on historical data and real-time monitoring data;根据所述性能退化曲线构建设备健康指标，判断每个所述机组的健康状态，从而确定所述设备健康等级。Construct equipment health indicators based on the performance degradation curve to determine the health status of each unit, thereby determining the equipment health level.
- 根据权利要求2所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，还包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm according to claim 2, further comprising:将机组性能为85％的点设为潜在故障点，机组性能为60％的点设为失效故障点；The point where the unit performance is 85% is set as a potential fault point, and the point where the unit performance is 60% is set as a failure point;获取所述机组在当前时间点与所述失效故障点在所述性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第一时间间隔；Obtain the first time interval between the current time point of the unit and the time point corresponding to the failure fault point in the performance degradation curve;获取所述机组在所述潜在故障点与所述失效故障点在所述性能退化曲线中对应的时间点的第二时间间隔；Obtaining the second time interval between the potential fault point of the unit and the time point corresponding to the failure fault point in the performance degradation curve;根据所述第一时间间隔与所述第二时间间隔的比值获取所述设备健康指标。The device health indicator is obtained according to the ratio of the first time interval to the second time interval.
- 根据权利要求1所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，核算运维成本包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple offshore wind farm units according to claim 1, wherein calculating the operation and maintenance cost includes:根据运维人员的基本工资和奖金获取人力资源成本； Obtain human resource costs based on the basic salary and bonus of operation and maintenance personnel;根据运维的方式获取材料设备成本；Obtain material and equipment costs based on operation and maintenance methods;根据运维船只的租赁费用和航行燃油支出获取运输成本；Obtain transportation costs based on the rental fees of operation and maintenance vessels and navigation fuel expenditure;根据单个风电机组的平均发电量和运维过程的平均停机时间获取停机损失成本。The downtime loss cost is obtained based on the average power generation of a single wind turbine and the average downtime of the operation and maintenance process.
- 根据权利要求2所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，对机组运维的重要程度进行定量分析，以获取各个待运维机组的运维方式和运维次序，包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that a quantitative analysis is performed on the importance of unit operation and maintenance to obtain the operation and maintenance mode and operation and maintenance sequence of each unit to be operated and maintained, including :获取运维优先指数；Get the operation and maintenance priority index;获取所有运维方式对应的运维成本以及运维后每个所述机组的性能恢复程度；Obtain the operation and maintenance costs corresponding to all operation and maintenance methods and the performance recovery degree of each unit after operation and maintenance;利用数据包络分析法，以运维成本投入为输入指标，机组性能恢复程度为输出指标，获取最佳运维方式和最佳运维次序。Using the data envelopment analysis method, the operation and maintenance cost investment is used as the input indicator, and the unit performance recovery degree is used as the output indicator to obtain the best operation and maintenance method and the best operation and maintenance sequence.
- 根据权利要求5所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，还包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm according to claim 5, further comprising:根据所述最佳运维方式和所述最佳运维次数所需的运维人员数量、备品备件数量和运维船舶数量，判断当前是否满足所述库存运维条件。Based on the optimal operation and maintenance method and the number of operation and maintenance personnel, the number of spare parts and the number of operation and maintenance ships required for the optimal number of operations and maintenance, it is determined whether the inventory operation and maintenance conditions are currently met.
- 根据权利要求5所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，在运维任务执行完毕之后，还包括：The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple offshore wind farm units according to claim 5, characterized in that after the operation and maintenance tasks are completed, it also includes:更新所述机组的运行状态；Update the operating status of the unit;根据所述性能退化曲线预测下一次运维时间间隔；Predict the next operation and maintenance time interval based on the performance degradation curve;以性能恢复最大化和运维成本最小化为目标，对下一次运维时间所需的库存进行补充。With the goal of maximizing performance recovery and minimizing operation and maintenance costs, replenish the inventory required for the next operation and maintenance time.
- 根据权利要求5所述的海上风电场多机组运维策略优化方法，其特征在于，所述运维优先指数根据运维后所述机组的性能恢复程度与运维过程的单位时间成本的比值进行设置。 The method for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategy of multiple units in an offshore wind farm according to claim 5, wherein the operation and maintenance priority index is based on the ratio of the performance recovery degree of the unit after operation and maintenance and the unit time cost of the operation and maintenance process. set up.
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| US20200134516A1 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-04-30 | Hyosung Heavy Industries Corporation | Method for asset management of electric power equipment |
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| CN110059872A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of marine wind electric field O&M dispatching method based on status monitoring |
| CN110245795A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-17 | 北京千尧新能源科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method and system for the simulation of offshore wind farm O&M Simulation on Decision |
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