WO2023226157A1 - Dispositif de test d'impact de charge dynamique sur une éprouvette de corps d'ancrage sous contrainte de gradient et procédé de test - Google Patents

Dispositif de test d'impact de charge dynamique sur une éprouvette de corps d'ancrage sous contrainte de gradient et procédé de test Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226157A1
WO2023226157A1 PCT/CN2022/103529 CN2022103529W WO2023226157A1 WO 2023226157 A1 WO2023226157 A1 WO 2023226157A1 CN 2022103529 W CN2022103529 W CN 2022103529W WO 2023226157 A1 WO2023226157 A1 WO 2023226157A1
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Prior art keywords
test piece
side beam
specimen
gradient
load
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PCT/CN2022/103529
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
史文豹
常聚才
齐潮
殷志强
李传明
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安徽理工大学
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Application filed by 安徽理工大学 filed Critical 安徽理工大学
Priority to GB2217340.5A priority Critical patent/GB2626720A/en
Publication of WO2023226157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226157A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/001—Impulsive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a device and a test method for subjecting an anchor specimen to dynamic load impact under gradient stress.
  • the anchor is an anchor support structure of a certain size formed under the active support of the anchor. This structure makes full use of the self-bearing effect of the surrounding rock and the active support force of the prestressed anchor.
  • the anchor serves as the anchor support.
  • the core structure has high load-bearing capacity and certain adaptability to the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. It plays an important role in supporting underground engineering structures such as tunnels and coal mines.
  • anchor rods play a role in underground support, on the one hand they will be affected by gradient geostress, and on the other hand they will be affected by various dynamic load stress wave disturbances such as excavation, coal blasting and goaf collapse.
  • the anchor is subjected to repeated and simultaneous dynamic and static loads, the stress wave is repeatedly stretched in the anchor.
  • the coupling effect between the anchoring agent, the surrounding rock, and the anchor in the anchoring section of the anchor gradually weakens, eventually leading to the failure of the anchor and the emergence of the anchor. Break, shoot out.
  • the anchor group may even be damaged due to insufficient overall support.
  • the stress environment the anchor is subjected to is gradient high stress.
  • the anchorage section covers several layers of rock layers. At the rock layer interface joints, the inconsistent deformation of the rock layer causes shear failure of the anchor.
  • the anchor produces local stress concentrations, which further aggravate the failure process of the anchor.
  • An indoor test device and method are urgently needed to study the failure mechanism of anchors.
  • the first type is to stack weight blocks along the length of the specimen
  • the second type is to cover the rock-like specimen with iron plates above and below.
  • the iron plate is drilled at the same time, the bolts and nuts are arranged symmetrically and neatly along the length of the specimen, and a torque wrench is used to apply gradient stress.
  • Both methods have obvious disadvantages.
  • the first method cannot precisely control the amount of static stress applied.
  • the second method uses manual fixation of nuts and bolts, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the torque applied by the torque wrench is small, and the pre-tightening force applied to the nuts is not enough. It is too different from the stress suffered by the anchor in actual projects and cannot be simulated. Deep rock gradients are highly stressed.
  • current research mainly focuses on rock mass, rock-like mass or anchor bolts alone. There are few studies that consider the coupling of anchor bolts and surrounding rocks. There is no evidence that anchors are affected by dynamic loads under gradient static loads and high stresses. Research on test equipment; therefore, on the basis of the gradient static load background of rock-like materials, providing a test device and method for anchors subject to dynamic load impact under gradient stress is an urgent problem that those skilled in the art need to solve.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and a test method for subjecting anchor specimens to dynamic load impact under gradient stress, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and enable indoor experimental research on anchors.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • the invention provides a device for subjecting anchor specimens to dynamic load impact under gradient stress, which includes a gradient stress application module, a dynamic load application module and a stress wave monitoring module;
  • the gradient stress application module includes a base, side beams one, two side beams, cross beams, support rods, load-bearing steel plates, hydraulic jacks, oil distribution pipelines and gradient static load control boxes; the base is fixed on the ground, so The side beam one and the side beam two are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the base, and the side beam one is provided with a through hole one that is larger than the test piece and can allow the test piece to pass through. There is a through hole two on the side beam two, and the cross beam is connected to the top of the side beam one and the side beam two. There is also a gap between the side beam one and the side beam two at the bottom of the cross beam.
  • the load-bearing steel plate is provided with a support rod between the load-bearing steel plate and the base.
  • the top of the load-bearing steel plate is used to place the test piece; the bottom of the cross beam is provided with a vertical loader for vertical loading of the test piece.
  • a hydraulic jack which is connected to the gradient static load control box through the oil distribution pipeline;
  • the dynamic load application module includes a bullet, an incident rod and a buffer device.
  • the incident rod is arranged outside the side beam 2 and opposite to the through hole 2.
  • the outer diameter of the through hole 2 is larger than the incident rod.
  • the outer diameter of the rod, the bullet impacts the incident rod and exerts a dynamic load on the test piece;
  • the buffer device is arranged on the outside of the side beam one and opposite to the through hole one;
  • the stress wave monitoring module includes a sensor, a super dynamic strain gauge, an oscilloscope, and a computer.
  • the sensor is pasted on the test piece, and the terminal of the sensor is connected to the super dynamic strain gauge.
  • the super dynamic strain gauge is connected to the The oscilloscope and the computer are connected in sequence.
  • the base is fixed to the ground through floor nails.
  • both ends of the cross beam are tenon-jointed with the first side beam and the second side beam respectively.
  • the first through hole is a square hole, and the first through hole, the test piece, the second through hole and the incident rod are coaxial.
  • the support rods are arranged in two rows opposite each other, and the support rods in each row are evenly distributed laterally.
  • rubber pads one and two are provided between the bottom of the test piece and the load-bearing steel plate, and rubber pads three and four are provided on the top of the test piece.
  • the first rubber pad and the rubber pad are Round steel columns are evenly distributed between the two rubber pads along the length direction of the test piece, and round steel columns are also evenly distributed between the rubber pad three and the rubber pad four along the length direction of the test piece; so There are also square iron plates distributed without intervals on the top of the rubber pad 4, and round iron plates are arranged on the top of each of the square iron plates. Each of the round iron plates is connected to one of the hydraulic jacks.
  • it also includes a front baffle and a rear baffle installed on the front and rear sides of the test piece respectively, and the tops of the front baffle and the back baffle are provided with the rubber pad 3 and the rubber pad.
  • the round steel columns between the four opposite ones are round holes, and the bottoms of the front baffle and the rear baffle are provided with concave holes that are opposite to the round steel columns between the first rubber pad and the second rubber pad. groove.
  • the front baffle and the rear baffle are also provided with rectangular holes opposite to the sensors attached to the test piece.
  • the buffer device is an iron can arranged on an outer side of the side beam, red mud is provided in the iron can, and the test piece moves laterally into the iron can under the impact of the incident rod, The red mud can absorb the energy from the impact of the specimen.
  • the present invention also provides a test method for subjecting an anchor specimen to dynamic load impact under gradient stress, which includes the following steps:
  • the specimen is a rectangular rock material, and the anchor materials are proportioned according to similar simulated proportions of the required combined rock mass, and there are anchor rods anchored in the specimen;
  • Step 2 determine the applied load value and stress gradient of axial loading
  • the front baffle and the rear baffle are close to the test piece, according to the test piece In a stress gradient environment, operate the gradient static load control box and design the preload;
  • Step 3 Paste the sensor on the test piece and complete the circuit connection
  • the sensor After the hydraulic jack contacts the test piece, the sensor is evenly arranged on the test piece, the other end terminal of the sensor is connected to the super dynamic strain gauge, the super dynamic strain gauge is connected to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope is connected to the computer;
  • Step 4 Apply load to the specimen
  • the gradient static load control box applies a gradient linear or nonlinear load to the hydraulic jack through the oil distribution pipeline, and stops pressurizing when the target load value is reached;
  • Step 5 Perform dynamic load impact on the specimen
  • the incident rod passes through the through hole 2 on the side beam 2 and hits the test piece.
  • the sensor attached to the test piece records the stress wave waveform and sends it to the oscilloscope and computer;
  • Step 6 the test is over
  • the gradient static load control box was controlled to raise the hydraulic jack, and the specimen was removed.
  • the device and test method for the dynamic load impact of anchor specimens under gradient stress provide an effective test device and method for studying the propagation of stress waves in anchors.
  • the operation is simple and easy.
  • the gradient loading control box controls the pressure of the jacks through the oil distribution pipeline. It can simulate a variety of stress gradients and can more realistically simulate the stress environment of the anchor.
  • the anchor material can be tested according to similar ratios. This combination can simulate the stress wave propagation characteristics and anchor damage characteristics of combined rock mass (coal-rock-coal, coal-rock mass, etc.) anchors when they are coupled with dynamic and static loads.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device for subjecting an anchor specimen to dynamic load impact under gradient stress in the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the gradient stress application module and the dynamic load application module
  • Figure 3 is the front assembly view of the gradient stress application module and the dynamic load application module
  • Figure 4 is a top assembly view of the gradient stress application module and the dynamic load application module
  • Figure 5 is a side view of the gradient stress application module
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rubber pad and specimen layers
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the anchor specimen
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and a test method for subjecting an anchor specimen to dynamic load impact under gradient stress, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
  • the device for subjecting anchor specimens to dynamic load impact under gradient stress is shown in Figure 1-6 and includes a gradient stress application module, a dynamic load application module and a stress wave monitoring module;
  • the gradient stress application module includes a base 4, side beam one 62, side beam two 62, cross beam 7, support rod 11, load-bearing steel plate 20, hydraulic jack 17, oil distribution pipeline 16 and gradient static load control box 10; base 4 It is fixed on the ground through floor nails.
  • the first side beam 62 and the second side beam 62 are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the base 4.
  • the side beam 62 is provided with a passage larger than the test piece 15 and capable of allowing the test piece 15 to pass through.
  • Hole 1 the side beam 2 62 is provided with a through hole 2, the through hole 1 is a square hole, the through hole 1, the specimen 15, the through hole 2 and the incident rod 8 are coaxial, and the cross beam 7 is connected to the side beam 62 and the side beam 62.
  • the top of the second beam 62, and the two ends of the cross beam 7 are respectively connected with the side beam 62 and the side beam 62.
  • a load-bearing steel plate 20 is also provided between the side beam 1 62 and the side beam 2 62 at the bottom of the cross beam 7.
  • the load-bearing steel plate A support rod 11 is provided between 20 and the base 4.
  • the support rods 11 are arranged in two rows opposite each other. Each support rod 11 in each row is evenly distributed horizontally.
  • the top of the load-bearing steel plate 20 is used to place the specimen 15; the bottom of the cross beam 7 is provided There is a hydraulic jack 17 for vertical loading of the test piece 15, and the hydraulic jack 17 is connected to the gradient static load control box 10 through the oil distribution pipeline 16;
  • the dynamic load application module includes a bullet 9, an incident rod 8 and a buffer device 5.
  • the incident rod 8 is arranged outside the side beam 2 62 and faces the through hole 2.
  • the outer diameter of the through hole 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the incident rod 8.
  • the bullet 9. The impact incident rod 8 applies dynamic load to the specimen 15;
  • the buffer device 5 is arranged outside the side beam 62 and opposite to the through hole 1;
  • the stress wave monitoring module includes a sensor 21, a hyperdynamic strain gauge 3, an oscilloscope 2, and a computer 1.
  • the sensor 21 is pasted on the specimen 15.
  • the terminal of the sensor 21 is connected to the hyperdynamic strain gauge 3, the hyperdynamic strain gauge 3 and the oscilloscope 2.
  • Computer 1 is connected in sequence.
  • a rubber pad 23 and a second rubber pad 24 are provided between the bottom of the test piece 15 and the load-bearing steel plate 20.
  • a third rubber pad 25 and a fourth rubber pad 26 are provided on the top of the test piece 15.
  • the first rubber pad 23 and the second rubber pad 26 are provided on the top of the test piece 15.
  • Round steel columns 22 are evenly distributed between the second rubber pad 24 along the length direction of the specimen 15, and round steel columns 22 are also evenly distributed between the third rubber pad 25 and the fourth rubber pad 26 along the length direction of the specimen 15;
  • the top of each square iron plate 19 is provided with a round iron plate 18, and each round iron plate 18 is connected to a hydraulic jack.
  • the front baffle 27 and the rear baffle 28 respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the specimen 15.
  • the tops of the front baffle 27 and the rear baffle 28 are provided with rubber pads three 25 and four rubber pads 26.
  • the circular steel columns 22 are opposite to each other, and the bottoms of the front baffle 27 and the rear baffle 28 are provided with grooves that are opposite to the circular steel columns 22 between the first rubber pad 23 and the second rubber pad 24.
  • the front baffle 27 and the rear baffle 28 are also provided with rectangular holes that are opposite to the sensor 21 pasted on the test piece 15 .
  • the buffer device 5 is an iron can arranged outside the side beam 61. There is red mud in the iron can. The specimen 15 moves laterally into the iron can under the impact of the incident rod 8. The red mud can absorb The energy of the specimen from the impact can avoid damage to the mortise and tenon structure of the crossbeam and side beams of the test system.
  • the test piece 15 is made of materials with similar proportions.
  • an anchor rod 14 is provided inside the test piece.
  • a washer 13 and a nut 12 are provided at one end of the anchor rod 14 protruding from the test piece 15 .
  • the present invention also provides a test method for subjecting an anchor specimen to dynamic load impact under gradient stress, which includes the following steps:
  • Specimen 15 is a rectangular rock material.
  • the anchor materials are proportioned according to similar simulation ratios of the required combined rock mass.
  • the length, cross-sectional width, and cross-sectional height of specimen 15 are 1650mm, 75mm, and 75mm respectively.
  • a central hole is drilled along the axial direction in the center of the square section of specimen 15.
  • the depth of the hole is 1550mm and the inner diameter of the hole is 18mm.
  • a left-hand spiral anchor with a length of 1650mm is selected for the anchor 14.
  • the diameter of the anchor 14 is 12mm.
  • Use the anchoring agent to fix the anchor. 14 is anchored in the center hole of the specimen 15.
  • One end of the anchor rod 14 protrudes 100mm from the rectangular parallelepiped specimen, and ensures that the axis of the anchor rod 14, the center hole and the central axis of the specimen 15 are collinear;
  • Step 2 determine the applied load value and stress gradient of axial loading
  • test piece 15 Place the test piece 15 on the load-bearing steel plate 20 between the side beam one 62 and the side beam two 62. Rubber pads one 23 and two rubber pads 24 are laid on the load-bearing steel plate 20 in advance. Adjust the position of the test piece 15 so that the test piece 15 protrudes.
  • One end of the anchor rod 14 faces the side beam one 62, and the other end of the specimen 15 faces the side beam two 62. Rubber pad three 25 and rubber pad four 26 are laid above the specimen 15.
  • the center position is on the same axis, and the axis center position of the round steel column 22 and the axis center position of the round iron plate 18 are on the same axis.
  • the front baffle 27 and the rear baffle 28 are close to the specimen 15. According to the specimen 15 is in a stress gradient environment, operate the gradient static load control box 10 and design the preload;
  • Step 3 Paste the sensor 21 on the test piece 15 to complete the circuit connection
  • the sensor 21 is evenly arranged on the test piece 15.
  • the other end of the sensor 21 terminal is connected to the super dynamic strain gauge 3.
  • the super dynamic strain gauge 3 is connected to the oscilloscope 2, and the oscilloscope 2 is connected to the computer 1. ;
  • Step 4 Apply load to specimen 15;
  • the gradient static load control box 10 applies a gradient linear or nonlinear load to the hydraulic jack 17 through the oil distribution pipeline 16, and stops pressurizing when the target load value is reached;
  • Step 5 Perform dynamic load impact on specimen 15;
  • the bullet 9 is fired, and the bullet 9 hits the incident rod 8.
  • the incident rod 8 passes through the through hole 2 on the side beam 2 62 and hits the specimen 15.
  • the sensor 21 attached to the specimen 15 records the stress wave waveform and sends it to the oscilloscope 2. and on computer 1;
  • Step 6 the test is over

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de test d'impact de charge dynamique sur une éprouvette de corps d'ancrage sous contrainte de gradient, et un procédé de test. Le dispositif comprend un module d'application de contrainte de gradient, un module d'application de charge dynamique et un module de surveillance d'onde de contrainte ; le module d'application de contrainte de gradient comprend une base (4), une première poutre latérale (61), une seconde poutre latérale (62), une poutre transversale (7), des tiges de support (11), une plaque d'acier d'appui (20), des vérins hydrauliques (17), des conduites de distribution d'huile (16) et une boîte de commande de charge statique de gradient (10) ; le module d'application de charge dynamique comprend une balle (9), une barre incidente (8) et un dispositif d'amortissement (5), la barre incidente (8) est disposée sur le côté externe de la seconde poutre latérale (62) et est opposée à un second trou débouchant, et la balle (9) frappe la barre incidente (8) pour appliquer une charge dynamique à une éprouvette (15) ; le dispositif d'amortissement est disposé sur le côté externe du premier faisceau latéral (61) et est opposé à un premier trou débouchant ; le module de surveillance d'onde de contrainte comprend des capteurs (21), une jauge de contrainte super-dynamique (3), un oscilloscope (2) et un ordinateur (1), les capteurs (21) sont collés sur l'éprouvette (15), une borne de câblage de chaque capteur (21) est connectée à la jauge de contrainte super-dynamique (3), et la jauge de contrainte super-dynamique (3) est connectée séquentiellement à l'oscilloscope (2) et à l'ordinateur (1). La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de test efficaces pour étudier la propagation des ondes de contrainte dans un corps d'ancrage.
PCT/CN2022/103529 2022-05-23 2022-07-04 Dispositif de test d'impact de charge dynamique sur une éprouvette de corps d'ancrage sous contrainte de gradient et procédé de test WO2023226157A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2217340.5A GB2626720A (en) 2022-05-23 2022-07-04 Device for testing dynamic load impact on anchoring body test piece under gradient stress and test method

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CN202210566265.2A CN114910344B (zh) 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 一种梯度应力下锚固体试件受动载冲击的装置及试验方法
CN202210566265.2 2022-05-23

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CN114414403A (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-29 中国矿业大学 一种实现采动应力梯度下岩石剪切的实验装置及方法

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CN108593430A (zh) * 2018-03-08 2018-09-28 中国矿业大学 空间梯度应力再造装置、方法及煤岩力学特性实验方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003139673A (ja) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-14 Bosai Giken Kogyo:Kk アンカー試験装置および方法
CN108007781A (zh) * 2017-11-17 2018-05-08 山东科技大学 动静组合载荷下巷道支护体力学模拟试验系统及其方法
CN108732024A (zh) * 2018-05-22 2018-11-02 山东科技大学 模拟不同地应力条件下底板突水的试验系统及试验方法
CN108871965A (zh) * 2018-06-27 2018-11-23 武汉科技大学 一种锚杆荷载加载试验装置
CN109142067A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-04 江西理工大学 在梯度静应力下类岩材料中应力波传播的实验方法及装置
CN110595918A (zh) * 2019-10-25 2019-12-20 安徽理工大学 一种动静耦合加载锚固体试验装置
CN111175121A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2020-05-19 山东科技大学 巷道围岩钻孔卸压相似模拟试验系统及使用方法
CN113075043A (zh) * 2021-03-19 2021-07-06 北京科技大学 一种深埋岩体工程动力孕灾演变全过程装置及方法
CN114414403A (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-29 中国矿业大学 一种实现采动应力梯度下岩石剪切的实验装置及方法

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