WO2023221189A1

WO2023221189A1 - Spinneret plate

Info

Publication number: WO2023221189A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/096784
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姚德刚; 王俊
Original assignee: 郑州见奇环保科技有限公司
Priority date: 2022-05-20
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2023-11-23
Also published as: CN114875496A

Abstract

A spinneret plate, comprising a plate body, wherein the plate body comprises at least two sub-plate bodies, which are vertically stacked and fixed together; a cavity is formed between any two sub-plate bodies; a material channel is respectively formed in each sub-plate body; the material channels are in communication with the cavities, vertically penetrate the sub-plate bodies, and converge on the bottom-most sub-plate body; and outlets of the converged material channels form at least two concentric circle structures on the bottom-most sub-plate body. A monocomponent fiber precursor, a bicomponent fiber precursor, a multi-component fiber precursor and a hollow fiber can be sprayed out by means of the spinneret plate, the fiber precursors sprayed out by the spinneret plate have uniform diameters and are free of adhesion, and there is also no adhesion under the condition of double rows of through holes or multiple rows of through holes.

Description

a spinneret

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and in particular relates to a spinneret.

Background technique

The melt-blown machine is a one-step cloth-making equipment that uses the melt-blown method to make resin slices or resin particles into fiber webs. The resulting fiber webs are generally used in filter materials, oil-absorbing materials, sanitary materials, etc. The spinneret is a key component of the melt-blown machine. The uniformity of melt-blown nonwovens is closely related to the design and manufacturing of the spinneret.

The current melt-blown spinneret has hundreds of thousands of holes arranged in a straight line to form a spinneret unit. The polymer material is ejected from each hole. There are air plates on both sides, and high-speed hot air flows from the left and right sides of each filament. The sides are blown over, stretching the fibers. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the existing spinnerets have the following shortcomings: 1. The diameter of the ejected single filaments is uneven (Figure 8); 2. Adjacent filaments are prone to adhesion (Figure 9); 3 , when making double rows of through holes or multiple rows of through holes, there will be turbulent flow at the air outlet, causing two or more rows of filaments to stick together, seriously affecting product quality; 4. When spraying high-viscosity polymer materials, the fiber strands will It is easy to form agglomerates (as shown in Figure 9). In addition, if polymer materials are stuck on the air board, it is difficult to clean; 5. Only single-component, solid fiber strands can be sprayed.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a spinneret.

A spinneret provided according to the present invention includes a plate body. The plate body includes at least two sub-plate bodies. The sub-plate bodies are stacked up and down and fixed together. There is an opening between any two of the sub-plate bodies. There is a cavity, and a material channel is provided on each of the sub-plate bodies. The material channels are connected to the cavity and run up and down, and are collected on the bottom sub-plate body. The outlet of the collected material channel is at At least two concentric circular structures are formed on the lowermost sub-plate body.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the board body includes two divided plate bodies, the divided plate bodies are a first upper plate body and a first lower plate body, and the first upper plate body and the first lower plate body are The lower plate body is fixedly connected;

An air chamber cavity is provided at the connecting surface of the first upper plate body and/or the first lower plate body, and a buffer groove is provided on the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity;

The first upper plate body is provided with a first air inlet channel, the first air inlet channel is connected with the air chamber cavity, and the first lower plate body is provided with at least one row connected with the air chamber cavity. The first air outlet channel;

The first upper plate body and the first lower plate body are provided with at least one row of first material channels that penetrate up and down;

The outlet of the first air outlet channel and the outlet of the first material channel form two concentric circular structures from outside to inside.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a first spinneret is installed in the first material channel, and the outlet of the first spinneret and the outlet of the first air outlet channel are formed from outside to inside. Two concentric circle structures.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a feed channel is provided in the first spinneret barrel, and the feed channel is a through-diameter channel or a reduced-diameter channel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a fixed block is provided on the top of the first spinneret barrel, and a fixed step is provided on the top of the first material channel. The fixed step matches and is fixed with the fixed block.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the board body includes three sub-board bodies, and the sub-board bodies are a second upper board body, a middle board body and a second lower board body. The second upper board body, The middle plate body and the second lower plate body are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom;

A buffer cavity is provided at the connection surface between the second upper plate body and/or the middle plate body, and an air chamber cavity is provided at the connection surface between the middle plate body and/or the second lower plate body. The lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity is provided with a buffer groove;

The second upper plate body and the middle plate body are connected up and down with a second air inlet channel, the second air inlet channel is connected with the air chamber cavity, and the second lower plate body is provided with at least one Discharge the second air outlet channel of the air chamber cavity;

The second upper plate body is provided with at least one row of second material channels, and the middle plate body and the second lower plate body are provided with at least one row of third material channels, and the second material channels are connected the buffer cavity and the third material channel;

At least one row of fourth material channels are provided through the second upper plate body, the middle plate body and the second lower plate body;

The second air outlet channel, the third material channel and the fourth material channel are stacked layer by layer, and the outlet of the second air outlet channel, the third material channel outlet and the fourth material channel outlet are Three concentric circles are formed from the outside to the inside.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a second spinneret is installed in the third material channel, a third spinneret is installed in the fourth material channel, and the third spinneret is set In the second spinneret cylinder, the lower ends of the second spinneret cylinder and the third spinneret cylinder are sleeved in the second air outlet channel, and the second air outlet channel, the The second spinneret and the third spinneret form three concentric structures from outside to inside.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer edge of the buffer groove is located below the first air inlet channel outlet or the second air inlet channel outlet.

In some embodiments of the invention, at least one of the sub-plate bodies is provided with a heating element.

Based on the above implementation content, it can be seen that the invention provides a spinneret, which includes a plate body. The plate body includes at least two sub-plate bodies. The sub-plate bodies are stacked up and down and fixed together. Between any two sub-plate bodies, A cavity is provided, and a material channel is provided on each sub-plate body. The material channel communicates with the cavity and runs up and down and is collected on the bottom sub-plate body. The outlet of the collected material channel is at the bottom. At least two concentric circular structures are formed on the lower sub-plate body. When the spinneret includes two sub-plate bodies to form a structure of two concentric circles, hot air can be passed through the outer circle and the polymer material can be carried through the inner circle. The hot air surrounds the polymer material and is ejected at the same time, achieving high-speed hot air from each spindle. The filament is blown around and the fiber is stretched. The fiber strands formed have a uniform diameter and no adhesion, which can effectively avoid the generation of fiber strand agglomeration. When the spinneret includes three sub-plate bodies to form a structure of three concentric circles, the outer circle can pass hot air, the middle circle can pass polymer material, and the inner circle can pass another polymer material or core liquid. Hot air, polymerization The material, another polymer material or core liquid are ejected at the same time to realize high-speed hot air blowing from the circumference of each filament to stretch the fiber and form a bi-component fiber precursor or hollow fiber, forming a bi-component fiber. The fiber strands or hollow fibers have uniform diameter and no adhesion, which can effectively avoid the generation of fiber strand agglomeration. In addition, in the case of double-row or multi-row material channels, there is no turbulence at the air outlet, and there will be no problem of two or more rows of wires sticking together.

It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit the present application.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the present application more clearly, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without exerting creative efforts, Additional drawings can be obtained from these drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of two concentric circles provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of three concentric circles provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spinneret barrel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another spinneret barrel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another spinneret barrel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 shows the pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments ejected from the spinneret in the prior art;

Figure 9 shows the PP fiber raw filaments ejected from the spinneret in the prior art;

Figure 10 shows pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments ejected from a spinneret according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numbers:

1-sub-board body; 11-first upper board body; 12-first lower board body; 13-second upper board body; 14-middle board body; 15-second lower board body; 111-first air inlet Channel; 112-the first material channel; 121-the first air outlet channel; 122-the second slope; 131-the second air inlet channel; 132-the second material channel; 133-the fourth material channel; 141-the third material Channel; 151-second air outlet channel; 1121-fixed steps;

2-Air chamber cavity; 21-Buffer groove;

3-Buffer cavity;

4-First spinneret; 41-Feeding channel; 411-First feeding channel; 412-Second feeding channel; 42-Fixed block; 43-First bevel;

5-The second spinneret; 6-The third spinneret.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of two concentric circles provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is another spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Structural schematic diagram; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a three concentric circle structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is another schematic diagram of a spinneret provided by an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic structural diagram of a spinneret cylinder; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another spinneret cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of pitch-based carbon fiber precursors ejected from a spinneret in the prior art; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the prior art spinneret. PP fiber raw filaments ejected from a technical spinneret; Figure 10 shows pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments ejected from a spinneret according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spinneret provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the spinneret mainly includes a plate body, and the plate body includes at least two sub-plate bodies 1.

Specifically, the sub-plate bodies 1 are stacked up and down and fixed together. A cavity is provided between any two sub-plate bodies 1. A material channel is provided on each sub-plate body 1. Multiple material channels are connected to the cavity and run up and down. They are collected on the lowermost sub-plate body 1, and the collected material channel outlets form at least two concentric circular structures on the lowermost sub-plate body 1.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned divided plate body 1 includes the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12 in the first embodiment, and the second upper plate body 13 and the middle plate body 14 in the second embodiment. and the second lower plate body 15; the above-mentioned cavity includes the air chamber cavity 2 in the first embodiment and the air chamber cavity 2 and the buffer cavity 3 in the second embodiment; the above-mentioned material channel includes The first air inlet channel 111, the first material channel 112 and the first air outlet channel 121 in Example 1 and the second air inlet channel 131, second material channel 132, third material channel 141, fourth Material channel 133 and second air outlet channel 151.

More specifically, when the spinneret includes two sub-plate bodies 1 to form a structure of two concentric circles, the outer circular channel can pass hot air, the inner circular channel can carry the polymer material, and the hot air surrounds the polymer material and is sprayed out at the same time. , realize high-speed hot air blowing from the circumference of each filament, stretching the fiber, and forming fiber strands with uniform diameter and no adhesion, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of fiber strand agglomeration. When the spinneret includes three sub-plate bodies 1 to form a structure of two concentric circles, the outer circular channel can pass hot air, the middle circular channel can carry polymer materials, and the inner circular channel can carry another polymer material or core liquid. , hot air, polymer material, another polymer material or core liquid are ejected at the same time to achieve high-speed hot air blowing from the circumference of the fiber strands formed by each polymer material, stretching the fibers to form a two-component Fiber strands or hollow fibers form bicomponent fiber strands or hollow fibers with uniform diameter and no adhesion, which can effectively avoid the generation of fiber strands agglomeration. In addition, in the case of double-row or multi-row material channels, there is no turbulence at the air outlet, and there will be no problem of two or more rows of wires sticking together.

The polymer materials that can be added to the spinneret provided by the embodiment of the present invention include but are not limited to various thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers PA, PEEK, EVA, PP, PE, PET, PBT, PEI, PPS, TPU, TPI, PLA, Asphalt, PI, PF, melamine, etc.

A spinneret including two sub-plate bodies 1 and a spinneret including three sub-plate bodies 1 will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the spinneret mainly includes a plate body, which includes two sub-plate bodies 1. The two sub-plate bodies 1 are respectively a first upper plate body 11 and a first lower plate body 12.

Specifically, the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12 are fixedly connected, wherein the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12 can be integrally connected or detachably fixedly connected; When the plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12 are detachably connected, in order to prevent air leakage and material leakage, a sealing strip/sealing ring or screw locking method can be used to seal the connection.

A cavity is provided between any two sub-plate bodies 1. In this embodiment, the specific structure is: an air chamber cavity 2 is provided at the connecting surface of the first upper plate body 11 and/or the first lower plate body 12. The lower bottom surface of the chamber 2 is provided with a buffer groove 21 .

Each sub-plate body 1 is provided with material channels respectively. Multiple material channels are connected to the cavity and run up and down, and are collected on the lowermost sub-plate body 1. In this embodiment, the structure is specifically: the first upper plate body 11 is provided with The first air inlet channel 111. Further, the first air inlet channel 111 can be arranged in two symmetrical rows. The first air inlet channel 111 is connected with the air chamber cavity 2. The two symmetrical rows of the first air inlet channel 111 can be This makes the air inlet into the air chamber cavity 2 more stable, which is beneficial to the stability of the pressure in the air chamber cavity 2 . The first lower plate 12 is defined with at least one row of first air outlet channels 121 for the air chamber cavity 2 . The first air inlet channel 111 communicates with the air chamber cavity 2 and the first air outlet channel 121 and can be used for hot air circulation. The first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12 are provided with at least one row of first material channels 112, which can be used for polymer material circulation.

The collected material channel outlets form at least two concentric structures on the lowermost sub-plate body 1. In this embodiment, the specific structure is: the outlet of the first air outlet channel 121 and the outlet of the first material channel 112 are opened from the outside. Two concentric circles (holes within holes) structures are formed inside, as shown in Figure 2.

It should be noted that a conventional spinneret has hundreds or thousands of holes arranged in a linear single row. The first material channel 112 of the spinneret provided in this embodiment can be arranged in a single row or multiple rows, or in a single row. Arranged in rows or multiple rows, the spinning effect is not affected by the arrangement of the first material channels 112 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first spinneret 4 is installed in the first material channel 112 . Among them, the first spinneret barrel 4 and the first material channel 112 of the first upper plate body 11 are removably sealed and fixed. Furthermore, a fixing block 42 can be provided outside the top of the first spinneret barrel 4. A fixed step 1121 is provided at the top of a material channel 112. The fixed step 1121 is matched and fixed with the fixed block 42. The fixed block 42 is clamped on the fixed step 1121, which plays a downward limiting role and can effectively prevent the first spinning. The syringe 4 is taken out of the first material channel 112 . The first material channel 112 of the second lower plate body 15 and the first air outlet channel 121 are combined into the same channel, and the first spinneret 4 is sleeved in the first air outlet channel 121 in the first lower plate body 12 Inside. The outlet of the first spinneret 4 and the outlet of the first air outlet channel 121 form two concentric structures from outside to inside, as shown in Figure 2 . The first spinneret 4 is provided. On the one hand, it is simpler and more convenient to realize the first material channel 112 on the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12; on the other hand, the first spinneret 4 It is a replaceable part and can be easily replaced if it is damaged or aged. Furthermore, using the first upper plate body 11 of the first material channel 112 to partially fix the first spinneret barrel 4 also provides a basis for the first air outlet channel 121 and the first spinneret barrel 4 to form two stable concentric structures. .

It should be noted that the outlet end surface of the first spinneret 4 and the outlet endface of the first air outlet channel 121 may be in the same plane, or they may not be in the same plane, and the first spinneret is not included in the same plane. There are two situations in which the outlet end face of 4 protrudes or the outlet end face of the first air outlet channel 121 protrudes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, a feed channel 41 is provided in the first spinneret 4, and the feed channel 41 is a through-diameter channel or a reduced-diameter channel. Further, when the feed channel 41 is a reducing channel, it can be divided into two situations. One situation is that, as shown in Figure 5, the feed channel 41 includes a first feed channel 411 and a second feed channel 412. The diameter of the first feed channel 411 is larger than that of the second feed channel 412. The feed port of the first feed channel 411 is connected to the feed pipeline of the extruder, and the discharge port is connected to the feed port of the second feed channel 412. ; In another case, as shown in Figure 6, the feed channel 41 is cylindrical with a diameter that gradually decreases downward. The feed channel 41 is a diameter-reducing channel. On the one hand, it is conducive to connecting the feed port to the feed pipeline to facilitate feeding, and the discharge port sprays out fiber strands of suitable thickness; on the other hand, for high temperature and high viscosity polymer materials, The design of the feed channels 41 with different diameters up and down is equivalent to increasing the aspect ratio of the feed channel 41, reducing the extrusion expansion ratio of the fluid, reducing the elastic potential energy of the fluid, and allowing the polymer material fibers to be better stretched.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a first inclined surface 43 is provided on the outside of the bottom end of the first spinneret barrel 4 , and a second inclined surface 122 concentric with the first inclined surface 43 is provided on the bottom end of the first air outlet channel 121 . It should be noted that the slopes of the first inclined plane 43 and the second inclined plane 122 may be the same or different, and the diameter of each concentric circle may be large or small; the bottom end of the first spinneret barrel 4 may be pointed or pointed. Flat head. Since the hot air outlet has a certain angle with the outlet direction of the polymer material, the hot air will have a better effect on bringing out the polymer material. Therefore, outside the bottom end of the first spinneret barrel 4 and the first air outlet channel The bottom end of 121 is provided with concentric first bevel 43 and second bevel 122, which can make the outlet direction of the hot air close to the outlet direction of the polymer material, forming a take-out angle.

The main function of the air chamber cavity 2 is to have sufficient space for the hot air to make its pressure and temperature uniform and stable after entering. Therefore, as long as there is an air chamber between the connecting surface of the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body 12, The chamber body 2 includes an air chamber cavity 2 provided on the first upper plate body 11; an air chamber cavity 2 provided on the first lower plate body 12; or an air chamber cavity 2 provided on the first upper plate body 11 and the first lower plate body. 12 is provided with an air chamber cavity 2, and the two air chamber cavities 2 are connected up and down. However, since the hot air has a high pressure when it enters the air chamber cavity 2 from the first air inlet channel 111, it will have a certain impact force, which brings certain challenges to the uniformity of the pressure. In order to solve the above technical problems, in some embodiments of the present invention, the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity 2 is provided with a buffer groove 21 , and the outer edge of the buffer groove 21 is located below the outlet of the first air inlet channel 111 . The cross section of the buffer groove 21 is arc-shaped. After the hot air is buffered by the buffer groove 21, the impact speed will be greatly weakened, and the impact on the pressure balance in the air chamber 2 will be greatly weakened. It should be noted that when the air chamber cavity 2 is located on the lower bottom surface of the middle plate 14 , the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity 2 here refers to the first lower plate body 12 connected to the air chamber cavity 2 top surface.

In some embodiments of the present invention, heating elements are provided on the first upper plate body 11 and/or the first lower plate body 12. The heating elements are used to heat or preserve the spinneret to prevent the polymer material from spinning. The decrease in temperature within the plate affects the spinning effect. Specifically, the heating element may be a heating jacket or a heating rod, wherein the heating jacket may be directly placed around the periphery of the first upper plate body 11 and/or the first lower plate body 12 . When the heating element is a heating rod, deep holes can be opened on the first upper plate body 11 and/or the first lower plate body 12, and the heating rods can be embedded in the deep holes for installation, which can provide more effective heating and heat preservation.

Working process: high-speed hot air enters the air chamber cavity 2 from the first air inlet channel 111, and then is ejected outward from the first air outlet channel 121; at the same time, the polymer material is ejected from the first spinneret 4 ; Since the outlet of the first air outlet channel 121 surrounds the outlet of the first spinneret 4, a surrounding hot air flow is formed around the ejected polymer material. Driven by the hot air flow, the polymer The material is ejected to form fiber strands.

As shown in Figure 10, the high-viscosity pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments sprayed through the spinneret provided by the embodiment of the present invention have a uniform diameter, no adhesion and agglomeration; the diameter of the high-viscosity pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments ranges from 12 μm to 14 μm; The diameter of fiber protofilaments formed by other polymer materials ranges from 7 μm to 20 μm. It should be noted that the fiber protofilaments formed by different polymer materials have different diameters, but the fiber protofilaments formed by each material have the characteristics of uniform diameter; In addition, in the case of double rows or multiple rows of through holes, there is no turbulence at the air outlet, and there will be no adhesion of two or more rows of wires. Compared with the high-viscosity pitch-based carbon fiber raw filaments ejected from ordinary spinnerets (Figure 9), it has obvious advantages.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 3, the spinneret mainly includes a plate body. The plate body includes three sub-plate bodies 1. The three sub-plate bodies 1 are respectively the second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15. .

Specifically, the second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15 are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom. The second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15 may be integrally connected or may be detachably fixedly connected. When the second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15 are detachably connected, in order to prevent air leakage and material leakage, a sealing strip/sealing ring or screw locking method can be used to seal the connection.

A cavity is provided between any two sub-plate bodies 1. In this embodiment, the specific structure is: a buffer cavity 3 is provided at the connecting surface of the second upper plate body 13 and/or the middle plate body 14, and the middle plate body 14 An air chamber cavity 2 is provided at the connection surface with/or the second lower plate body 15, and a buffer groove 21 is provided on the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity 2.

Each sub-plate body 1 is provided with material channels respectively. Multiple material channels communicate with the cavity and run up and down, and are collected on the lowermost sub-plate body 1. In this embodiment, the structure is specifically: the second upper plate body 13 and the middle The plate body 14 is connected up and down with a second air inlet channel 131. Further, the second air inlet channel 131 can be arranged in two symmetrical rows. The second air inlet channel 131 is connected with the air chamber cavity 2, and the second air inlet channel 131 can be arranged in two symmetrical rows. When the second air inlet channel 131 passes hot air, the air inlet into the air chamber cavity 2 can be more stable, which is beneficial to the stability of the pressure in the air chamber cavity 2 . The second lower plate 15 is defined with at least one row of second air outlet channels 151 connected to the air chamber cavity 2 . The second air inlet channel 131 communicates with the air chamber cavity 2 and the second air outlet channel 151 and can be used for hot air circulation. The second upper plate body 13 is provided with at least one row of second material channels 132. Further, the second material channels 132 can be arranged in two paired rows, that is, the second upper plate body 13 is provided with at least one pair of second rows. Two material channels 132. The paired second material channels 132 can make the polymer material flow in the buffer cavity 3 more evenly when the polymer material is fed into it. At least one row of third material channels 141 is provided through the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15 . The second material channel 132 communicates with the buffer cavity 3 and the third material channel 141 and can be used for polymer material circulation. The second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and the second lower plate body 15 are provided with at least one row of fourth material channels 133, which can be used for the circulation of another polymer material or core liquid.

The collected material channel outlets form at least two concentric structures on the lowermost sub-plate body 1. In this embodiment, the specific structures are: the second air outlet channel 151, the third material channel 141 and the fourth material channel 133. Layer by layer, the outlet of the second air outlet channel 151, the outlet of the third material channel 141 and the outlet of the fourth material channel 133 form three concentric circles (holes inside holes and then holes inside) structures from outside to inside, as shown in Figure 4 .

Same as Embodiment 1, the three concentric circular structures of the spinneret provided in this embodiment can be arranged in a single row or multiple rows in straight lines, or in a single row or multiple rows in curves. The spinning effect is not affected by the nozzle. The arrangement is affected.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second spinneret 5 is installed in the third material channel 141, and the third spinneret 6 is installed in the fourth material channel 133. Among them, the second spinneret barrel 5 and the middle plate body 14 of the middle plate body 14 are sealed and fixed in a removable manner. Furthermore, a fixing block 42 can be provided outside the top of the second spinneret barrel 5, and the third material channel The top of 141 is provided with a fixed step 1121. The fixed step 1121 is matched and fixed with the fixed block 42. The fixed block 42 is clamped on the fixed step 1121, which plays a downward limiting role and can effectively prevent the second spinneret 5 Be taken out of the third material channel 141. At this time, the third material channel 141 and the fourth material channel 133 of the middle plate body 14 are combined into the same channel, and the third material channel 141 and the second air outlet channel 151 of the second lower plate body 15 are combined into the same channel. , the second spinneret 5 is set in the second air outlet channel 151 in part of the second lower plate body 15 . The upper part of the third spinneret 6 is fixed in the fourth material channel 133 of the second upper plate body 13, and the lower part of the third spinneret 6 is set in the second spinneret 5. Similarly, it can be A fixed block 42 is provided at the top of the third spinneret barrel 6, and a fixed step 1121 is provided at the top of the fourth material channel 133. The fixed step 1121 is matched and fixed with the fixed block 42, and the fixed block 42 is clamped on the fixed step 1121. The second air outlet channel 151, the second spinneret 5 and the third spinneret 6 form three concentric structures from outside to inside, as shown in Figure 4.

It should be noted that the outlet end surface of the second spinneret 5, the outlet endface of the third spinneret 6 and the outlet endface of the second air outlet channel 151 may be in one plane, or may not be in the same plane.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second spinneret 5 and the third spinneret 6 are respectively provided with first bevels 43 on the outside of their bottom ends, and the bottom end of the second air outlet channel 151 is provided with the first bevel 43 Concentric second slope 122 . The arrangement of the first inclined surface 43 and the second inclined surface 122 can make the hot air better bring out the polymer material and the two polymer materials can be better wrapped together.

The same as the first embodiment, a buffer cavity 3 is provided at the connecting surface of the second upper plate body 13 and/or the middle plate body 14, including a buffer cavity 3 provided in the second upper plate body 13; 14 is provided with a buffer cavity 3; or the second upper plate body 13 and the middle plate body 14 are respectively provided with buffer cavities 3, and the two buffer cavities 3 are connected up and down. An air chamber cavity 2 is provided at the connecting surface of the middle plate body 14 and/or the second lower plate body 15, including: an air chamber cavity 2 is provided in the second lower plate body 15; an air chamber is provided in the middle plate body 14 Cavity 2; or an air chamber cavity 2 is separately provided on the second lower plate body 15 and the middle plate body 14, and the two air chamber cavities 2 are connected up and down.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity 2 is provided with a buffer groove 21 , the buffer groove 21 has an arc-shaped cross-section, and the outer edge of the buffer groove 21 is located at the outlet of the second air inlet channel 131 below. It should be noted that when the air chamber cavity 2 is located on the lower bottom surface of the middle plate 14 , the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity 2 here refers to the second lower plate body 15 connected to the air chamber cavity 2 . top surface.

In some embodiments of the present invention, heating elements are provided on the second upper plate body 13, the middle plate body 14 and/or the second lower plate body 15. The heating elements are used to heat or preserve the spinneret to prevent polymerization. The temperature reduction of the material in the spinneret affects the spinning effect.

Working process: high-speed hot air enters the air chamber cavity 2 from the second air inlet channel 131, and then sprays out from the second air outlet channel 151; at the same time, the polymer material enters from the second material channel 132 and passes through the buffer. The cavity 3 is then ejected from the lowermost outlet of the second spinneret 5; at the same time, another polymer material or core liquid is ejected from the third spinneret 6; due to the outlet of the second air outlet channel 151 , the outlet of the second spinneret 5 and the outlet of the third spinneret 6 have a concentric structure, so a surrounding hot air flow is formed around the ejected polymer material, and the two polymer materials Wrapped together or a polymer material wraps the core liquid, the polymer material is ejected under the driving of hot air flow to form bi-component fiber strands or hollow fibers.

Since the above embodiments are described by reference and combination with other methods, different embodiments all have the same parts, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification can be referred to each other. No further details will be given here.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be an internal connection between two components, or it can be a direct connection. It can also be an indirect connection through an intermediary. For those of ordinary skill in the relevant field, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific situation. The terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a circuit structure, article or device including a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed , or also includes elements inherent to such articles or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or equipment including the stated element. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "one side" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "inner", "both ends", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated component must have Specific orientations, construction and operation in specific orientations and therefore are not to be construed as limitations of the invention. Relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such entity or operation between those entities or operations. Actual relationship or sequence. Additionally, as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Other embodiments of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not disclosed in this application. . It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

The above-described embodiments of the present application do not limit the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

A spinneret, including a plate body, characterized in that the plate body includes at least two sub-plate bodies (1), and the sub-plate bodies (1) are stacked and fixed together, and any two of the sub-plate bodies (1) are fixed together. There are cavities between the plate bodies (1), and material channels are respectively provided on each of the sub-plate bodies (1). A plurality of the material channels are connected to the cavity and pass through the bottom sub-plate up and down. The material channel outlets after the collection form at least two concentric circular structures on the lowermost dividing plate body (1).
The spinneret according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate body includes two sub-plate bodies (1), and the sub-plate bodies (1) are a first upper plate body (11) and a first lower plate body (11). Plate body (12), the first upper plate body (11) and the first lower plate body (12) are fixedly connected;

An air chamber cavity (2) is provided at the connecting surface of the first upper plate body (11) and/or the first lower plate body (12), and the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity (2) is provided with Buffer groove(21);

The first upper plate body (11) is provided with a first air inlet channel (111), and the first air inlet channel (111) is connected with the air chamber cavity (2). The first lower plate body (12) There is at least one row of first air outlet channels (121) connected to the air chamber cavity (2);

The first upper plate body (11) and the first lower plate body (12) are provided with at least one row of first material channels (112) that penetrate up and down;

The outlet of the first air outlet channel (121) and the outlet of the first material channel (112) form two concentric structures from outside to inside.
The spinneret according to claim 2, characterized in that a first spinneret (4) is installed in the first material channel (112), and the outlet of the first spinneret (4) Two concentric circular structures are formed from the outside to the inside with the outlet of the first air outlet channel (121).
The spinneret according to claim 3, characterized in that a feed channel (41) is provided in the first spinneret barrel (4), and the feed channel (41) is a through-diameter channel or a Reduced channel.
The spinneret according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a fixed block (42) is provided at the top of the first spinneret barrel (4), and a fixing block (42) is provided at the top of the first material channel (112). Fixed step (1121), the fixed step (1121) is matched and fixed with the fixed block (42).
The spinneret according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate body includes three sub-plate bodies (1), and the sub-plate bodies are a second upper plate body (13) and a middle plate body (14). and a second lower plate body (15), the second upper plate body (13), the middle plate body (14) and the second lower plate body (15) are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom;

A buffer cavity (3) is provided at the connecting surface of the second upper plate body (13) and/or the middle plate body (14), and the middle plate body (14) and/or the second lower plate body An air chamber cavity (2) is provided at the connecting surface of the body (15), and a buffer groove (21) is provided on the lower bottom surface of the air chamber cavity (2);

The second upper plate body (13) and the middle plate body (14) are connected up and down with a second air inlet channel (131), and the second air inlet channel (131) is connected with the air chamber cavity (131). 2) Communicated, the second lower plate body (15) is provided with at least one row of second air outlet channels (151) with the air chamber cavity (2);

The second upper plate body (13) is provided with at least one row of second material channels (132), and the middle plate body (14) and the second lower plate body (15) are provided with at least one row of second material channels (132). A third material channel (141), the second material channel (132) connects the buffer cavity (3) and the third material channel (141);

At least one row of fourth material channels (133) are provided through the second upper plate body (13), the middle plate body (14) and the second lower plate body (15);

The second air outlet channel (151), the third material channel (141) and the fourth material channel (133) are stacked in layers, and the outlet of the second air outlet channel (151), the third material channel (141) and the fourth material channel (133) are The outlet of the material channel (141) and the outlet of the fourth material channel (133) form three concentric structures from outside to inside.
The spinneret according to claim 6, characterized in that a second spinneret (5) is installed in the third material channel (141), and a third spinneret (5) is installed in the fourth material channel (133). Three spinneret barrels (6), the third spinneret barrel (6) is set in the second spinneret barrel (5), the second spinneret barrel (5) and the third spinneret barrel (5) The lower end of the three spinneret barrels (6) is set in the second air outlet channel (151). The second air outlet channel (151), the second spinneret barrel (5) and the third spinneret barrel (5) are The spinneret barrel (6) forms three concentric circles from the outside to the inside.
The spinneret according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that the outer edge of the buffer groove (21) is located at the outlet of the first air inlet channel (111) or the outlet of the second air inlet channel (131). below.
The spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one of the sub-plate bodies (1) is provided with a heating element.