WO2023219195A1 - Reactive disperse dye composition and supercritical fluid dyeing method using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactive disperse dye composition and a supercritical fluid dyeing method using same, the reactive disperse dye composition enabling a fiber or a woven fabric material containing a functional group selected from the group consisting of an amino (N-H) functional group, a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group and a mixture thereof to be dyed using a supercritical fluid, and thus the fiber or the woven fabric material can exhibit excellent color strength, dye fixation efficiency and color fastness characteristics after being dyed. In addition, a dyeing method using the disperse dye composition and a supercritical fluid can be provided.

Description

Reactive disperse dye composition and supercritical fluid dyeing method using the same

The present invention relates to a reactive disperse dye composition and a supercritical fluid dyeing method using the same.

In recent years, in the practice of dyeing, there have been increasing requirements regarding the quality of the dyed material and the economy of the dyeing process. There is a continuing need for new and readily obtainable dye compositions with improved properties, especially with regard to applicability.

Today's dyeing requires reactive dyes with sufficient substantibity and at the same time excellent ease of cleaning of unset dyes. In addition, these reactive dyes must exhibit excellent color yield and high reactivity, and in particular, the purpose is to obtain dyes with high fixation.

In many cases, the build-up behavior of reactive dyes is not sufficient to meet these requirements, especially for dyeing deep shades, so dyers need to use suitable reactive dyes in their formulations.

Prior Document 1 regarding a conventional reactive dye composition describes a reactive black composition in which a reactive black dye having a vinyl sulfone ester group is mixed with a dye compound for controlling chromaticity in an appropriate ratio, and the manufacturing method is relatively simple and low cost. It has the advantage of being able to dye, but it has the disadvantage of being weak in color concentration and having a dark after-stain after dyeing at high concentrations.

In addition, Prior Document 2 describes a dye composition composed of a compound used in a conventional black dye composition, a compound containing a monochlorotriazine or vinyl sulfone group, and a compound containing a diazo group, and the dye of the above combination is It is most commonly used because it has the advantage of strong color density and low residual bathing at high concentrations, but it is used to remove unfixed dye during the rinsing and soaping (process of removing unfixed dye near 100°C using a surfactant) after dyeing. It had the disadvantage of requiring a lot of time and water.

In particular, recently, due to water shortage caused by global warming, reducing water use in the dyeing process has become an international topic.

Traditional dyeing methods for dyeing 1 kg of synthetic or natural fibers require approximately 100 to 145 liters of water and also require the excessive use of various chemical additives to dissolve the dye during the dyeing process. Conventional dyeing methods have serious carcinogenic effects on aquatic life and generate large amounts of wastewater that is also harmful to the environment.

In order to solve the problems of these conventional dyeing methods, the supercritical dyeing process is being trialled, but there is a need to develop a dye composition with strong color concentration and excellent dye fixation efficiency and color fastness characteristics.

[Prior art literature]

[Patent Document]

KR 10-0522164 B1

KR 10-0499448 B1

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reactive disperse dye composition and a supercritical fluid dyeing method using the same.

Another object of the present invention is a reactive disperse dye composition that can dye fibers or fabric materials using a supercritical fluid, wherein the fibers or fabric materials exhibit excellent color intensity, dye fixation efficiency, and color fastness characteristics after the dyeing process. To provide a reactive disperse dye composition that can be used.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dyeing method using the disperse dye composition and supercritical fluid.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a reactive disperse dye composition comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1):

[Formula 1]

here,

n is an integer from 0 to 4,

X ₁ is N(R ₆ ), C(R ₇ )(R ₈ ), O or S,

X ₂ to X ₄ are the same or different from each other, and are each independently C(R ₉ ) or N,

L ₁ is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted selected from the group consisting of cycloalkylene groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms,

R ₁ to R ₉ are the same or different from each other, and each independently represents hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted. Ringed alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or Unsubstituted aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted 6 to 30 carbon atoms aralkylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted It is selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms,

When L ₁ and R ₁ to R ₉ are substituted, hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, alkoxy group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms group, alkyl group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl group with 2 to 24 carbon atoms, aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon number Heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, heteroarylalkyl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, aralkylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, It is substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of a heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and is substituted with a plurality of substituents. If so, they are the same or different from each other.

The compound represented by Formula 1 may be a compound represented by Formula 2 below:

[Formula 2]

here,

n, X ₁ to X ₄ and R ₂ to R ₆ are as defined in Formula 1 above.

The X ₁ may be N(R ₆ ).

One or more of X ₂ to X ₄ may be N.

The R ₂ may be a cyano group (-CN).

The L ₁ may be a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

The reactive disperse dye composition can dye fiber or fabric materials using a supercritical fluid.

The fiber or textile material may include a functional group selected from the group consisting of amino (N-H) functional group, hydroxy (-OH) functional group, and mixtures thereof.

A dyeing method using a reactive disperse dye composition according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the reactive disperse dye composition; And using a supercritical fluid, it is possible to dye a fiber or fabric material containing a functional group selected from the group consisting of an amino (N-H) functional group, a hydroxy (-OH) functional group, and a mixture thereof.

The supercritical fluid may be carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

In the present invention, “hydrogen” refers to hydrogen, light hydrogen, heavy hydrogen, or tritium.

In the present invention, the “halogen group” is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

In the present invention, “alkyl” refers to a monovalent substituent derived from a straight-chain or branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon having 1 to 40 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, pentyl, iso-amyl, hexyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

In the present invention, “alkenyl” refers to a monovalent substituent derived from a straight-chain or branched-chain unsaturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 40 carbon atoms and having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Examples thereof include vinyl, allyl, isopropenyl, 2-butenyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

In the present invention, “alkynyl” refers to a monovalent substituent derived from a straight or branched chain unsaturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 40 carbon atoms and having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Examples thereof include ethynyl, 2-propynyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

In the present invention, “aryl” refers to a monovalent substituent derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, either a single ring or a combination of two or more rings. In addition, a form in which two or more rings are simply attached to each other (pendant) or condensed may also be included. Examples of such aryl include phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, anthryl, fluonyl, dimethylfluorenyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

In the present invention, “heteroaryl” refers to a monovalent substituent derived from a monoheterocyclic or polyheterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. At this time, at least one carbon, preferably 1 to 3 carbons, of the ring is replaced with a heteroatom such as N, O, S or Se. In addition, a form in which two or more rings are simply pendant or condensed with each other may be included, and a condensed form with an aryl group may also be included. Examples of such heteroaryls include 6-membered monocyclic rings such as pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, and triazinyl, phenoxathienyl, indolizinyl, and indolyl ( Polycyclic rings such as indolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, benzothiazole, carbazolyl, and 2-furanyl, N-imidazolyl, 2-isoxazolyl , 2-pyridinyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, etc., but are not limited thereto.

As used herein, “aralkyl” refers to an aryl-alkyl group where aryl and alkyl are defined above. Preferred aralkyl contains lower alkyl groups. Non-limiting examples of suitable aralkyl groups include benzyl, 2-phenethyl, and naphthalenylmethyl. Bonding to the parent moiety is via the alkyl.

In the present invention, “heteroarylalkyl group” refers to an aryl-alkyl group substituted with a heterocyclic group.

In the present invention, “condensed ring” means a condensed aliphatic ring, a condensed aromatic ring, a condensed heteroaliphatic ring, a condensed heteroaromatic ring, or a combination thereof.

In the present invention, "forming a ring by bonding with adjacent groups" means a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring by bonding with adjacent groups; Substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring; Substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic heterocycle; Substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocycle; Or it means forming a condensation ring thereof.

In the present invention, "substitution" means changing a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom of a compound to another substituent. The position to be substituted is not limited as long as it is the position where the hydrogen atom is substituted, that is, a position where the substituent can be substituted, and if two or more substituents are substituted. , two or more substituents may be the same or different from each other.

The present invention is a reactive disperse dye composition that can dye fibers or fabric materials using a supercritical fluid, and the fibers or fabric materials can exhibit excellent color intensity, dye fixation efficiency, and color fastness characteristics after the dyeing process.

Additionally, a dyeing method utilizing the disperse dye composition and supercritical fluid can be provided.

1 shows the results of FT-IR analysis of a dye composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the results of NMR analysis of a dye composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the results of NMR analysis of a dye composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows the results of the ultraviolet visible spectrum of a dye composition and the reflection spectrum of dyed nylon and cotton fabrics according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a TGA analysis result of a dye composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a photograph of nylon and cotton fabrics dyed using a dye composition according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 shows the photoluminescence spectrum measurement results of dyed nylon and cotton fabrics according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a reactive disperse dye composition comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1):

[Formula 1]

here,

n is an integer from 0 to 4,

X ₁ is N(R ₆ ), C(R ₇ )(R ₈ ), O or S,

X ₂ to X ₄ are the same or different from each other, and are each independently C(R ₉ ) or N,

L ₁ is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted selected from the group consisting of cycloalkylene groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms,

R ₁ to R ₉ are the same or different from each other, and each independently represents hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted. Ringed alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or Unsubstituted aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted 6 to 30 carbon atoms aralkylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted It is selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms,

When L ₁ and R ₁ to R ₉ are substituted, hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, alkoxy group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms group, alkyl group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl group with 2 to 24 carbon atoms, aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon number Heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, heteroarylalkyl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, aralkylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, It is substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of a heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and is substituted with a plurality of substituents. If so, they are the same or different from each other.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement it. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Conventional water-based dyeing processes require large amounts of water to dye natural and synthetic fibers. After the dyeing process is completed, dyeing wastewater containing dye composition, dyeing auxiliaries and some chemical additives is produced. If the dyeing wastewater is discharged, it may have a negative impact on living organisms and cause serious global pollution problems.

Recently, to solve this problem, ultrafiltration processes or sorption methods that can extract dye compositions from wastewater have been used. However, the post-processing method is expensive, which is an additional economic burden on textile companies.

Accordingly, the textile industry is trying to develop eco-friendly dyeing methods to solve environmental problems.

As the eco-friendly dyeing method, new dyeing technologies such as electrochemical dyeing, foam dyeing, microwave dyeing, ultrasonic dyeing, plasma treatment, air dyeing technology, reverse micelle dyeing, and supercritical fluid dyeing have been developed.

The supercritical fluid dyeing technology can be widely used from economic and ecological aspects. Generally, hydrophobic dye (disperse dye) compositions are used for hydrophobic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, etc.

Hydrophilic fibers such as nylon, cotton, wool, etc. require water-soluble dyes.

By applying the supercritical fluid dyeing method, the dyeing of some polyester fabrics has reached a commercially usable level using disperse dyes. Nylon and cotton fibers are widely used materials in the textile industry. The nylon fiber can be blended with cotton and used to produce fabric for military uniforms.

However, dyeing of nylon and cotton is not possible due to the lack of swelling and insolubility of the disperse dye in a non-polar supercritical fluid medium, so a dyeing process using a reactive dye is not possible in a supercritical CO ₂ medium.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a single dye composition that can dye both nylon and cotton fabrics in CO ₂ , a hydrophobic supercritical fluid.

Conventionally, nylon and cotton fabrics have been tried to be dyed with disperse dyes, but there is a problem in that the color intensity and fastness characteristics are very weak. The disperse dye has sufficient solubility, but only physical bonding (Van der Waals forces are weak) affects color intensity and durability properties.

Accordingly, what is most needed to improve the coloring of nylon and cotton fabrics is to develop a reactive disperse dye composition.

The reactive disperse dye has a combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups. The hydrophobic group increases the solubility of the dye composition in the hydrophobic supercritical CO ₂ medium, and the hydrophilic functional group forms a strong chemical bond (covalent bond) with the reactive site of nylon (-NH) and the reactive site of cotton (-OH) fabric, It can have a strong bonding effect with fabric.

The present invention provides a reactive disperse dye composition, which can exhibit excellent fastness by increasing the interaction between dye-dye and dye-fiber. The reactive disperse dye composition of the present invention can be used in the dyeing process of nylon fabrics and cotton fabrics in an environmentally friendly supercritical CO ₂ medium, and has excellent color characteristics and color fastness characteristics.

Specifically, the reactive disperse dye composition may include a compound represented by the following formula (1):

[Formula 1]

here,

n is an integer from 0 to 4,

X ₁ is N(R ₆ ), C(R ₇ )(R ₈ ), O or S,

X ₂ to X ₄ are the same or different from each other, and are each independently C(R ₉ ) or N,

L ₁ is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted selected from the group consisting of cycloalkylene groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms,

R ₁ to R ₉ are the same or different from each other, and each independently represents hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted. Ringed alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or Unsubstituted aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted 6 to 30 carbon atoms aralkylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted It is selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms,

When L ₁ and R ₁ to R ₉ are substituted, hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, alkoxy group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms group, alkyl group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl group with 2 to 24 carbon atoms, aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon number Heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, heteroarylalkyl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, aralkylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, It is substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of a heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and is substituted with a plurality of substituents. If so, they are the same or different from each other.

The compound represented by Formula 1 may be a compound represented by Formula 2 below:

[Formula 2]

here,

n, X ₁ to X ₄ and R ₂ to R ₆ are as defined in Formula 1 above.

X ₁ may be N(R ₆ ), and at least one of X ₂ to X ₄ may be N. _{Specifically ,} X _{2 to}

The R ₂ may be a cyano group (-CN). The L ₁ may be a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an ethylene group.

A dyeing method using a reactive disperse dye composition according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the reactive disperse dye composition; And using a supercritical fluid, it is possible to dye a fiber or fabric material containing a functional group selected from the group consisting of an amino (N-H) functional group, a hydroxy (-OH) functional group, and a mixture thereof.

The fiber or fabric material is more specifically nylon or cotton, but is not limited to the above examples, and any fiber or fabric containing a functional group that can bind to the hydrophilic group of the present invention, such as an amino functional group, a hydroxy functional group, etc., can be used without limitation. possible.

The supercritical fluid may be carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

Synthesis and experimental methods

experiment material

Diethyl oxalate, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and 2-(N-ethyl -m-toluidino)ethanol 2-(N-Ethyl-m-toluidino)ethanol was purchased from TCI Chemicals. Malononitrile, 21% sodium ethoxide solution, methanesulfonyl chloride, and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. did. HPLC grade solvents, Ethanol (EtOH), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), and Dichloromethane (DCM), were purchased from Samchun Pure Chemical Co. 100% nylon double pique fabric with a weight of 246.5 g/m ² and a wale density of 36/inch ) 36/inch refined 100% cotton double pique fabric was purchased from Acroma Korea Co., Ltd. Pure CO ₂ gas (99.6 vol%) was used in the dyeing experiment.

laboratory equipment

Electrothermal-IA9100/OA was used to determine the melting point of the solid and was not corrected. ALPHA-P spectrometer was used to record infrared (IR) spectra (4000-400 cm-1) on KBr disks. NMR spectra were recorded using an AVANCE III spectrometer in CDCl ₃ and DMSO-d6 solvents at room temperature. AB Sciex 4000 QTRAP was used to record electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESI-MS) at a scan range of 200 to 2000 amu. A Bruker microOTOF-Q spectrometer was used to record high-resolution mass spectrometry. An Agilent 8453 spectrophotometer was used to record UV-vis spectra on quartz glass with a path length of 1.0 cm. The reflectance spectra of dyed nylon and cotton fabrics were measured using a Shimadz UV-26000 spectrophotometer.

Preparation of dye composition

To synthesize the designed target reactive disperse dye composition, a four-step reaction is performed. In the first step, 2.0 mmol of malononitrle and 1.0 mmol of a base such as 20% sodium ethoxide solution were reacted in ethanol solvent to form the malononitrile dimer product. The methylene group of malononitrile has two strong electron-withdrawing cyano groups, making the methylene protons acidic in nature. Additionally, the acidic nature of the methylene proton can be confirmed through the pKa value of malononitrile (about 11.0).

Therefore, 1.0 mmol of sodium ethoxide can extract a proton from the methylene group of one malononitrile to form a carboanion and further react with another malononitrile to produce the dimer product (2) as a light yellow solid. there is. The reaction was collected by filtration and dried in air.

In the second step, a cyclization reaction is performed between the dried dimer product (2) and diethyl oxalate to produce the tricyanopyrrole hetero cyclic product (3) as a dark yellow solid in good yield. got it with The solid was collected by filtration and dried in air.

In the third step, the coupler product (6) was prepared. To prepare the product (6), 2-(ethyl(m-tolyl)amino)ethan-1-ol was reacted with triazine in the presence of diisopropylethylamine as a base.

Finally, in the fourth step, CNU-CY was prepared by coupling reaction between the tricyanopyrrole heterocyclic compound (3) and the coupler product (6) in the presence of methanesulfonyl chloride in DMF solvent.

Cold water was added to the reaction mixture to obtain a dark blue solid product. The solid was filtered, washed several times with water and dried in air. The overall synthesis reaction of CNU-CY is shown in Scheme 1 below:

[Scheme 1]

2-Aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile sodium salt, 2)

A 21% sodium ethoxide solution (12.2 g, 37.867 mmol) was slowly added to 50 mL ethanol in which compound (1) (5 g, 75.734 mmol) was dissolved at 0°C for 30 minutes. After addition, the temperature of the reaction mixture was raised to 70° C. over 4 hours. The formation of a light yellow precipitate was observed. Next, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the resulting solid was filtered and dried to obtain compound (2) (4.5 g, yield 45%). The compound (2) was used as is in step 2 without purification.

Sodium 4-cyano-5-(dicyanomethylene)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,3-bis(oleate) (Sodium 4-cyano-5-(dicyanomethylene)-2,5- dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,3-bis(olate), 3)

A 21% sodium ethoxide solution (8.44 g, 26.196 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of compound (2) (4 g, 25.801 mmol) and diethyl oxalate (3.79 g, 25.948 mmol) in 50 mL ethanol for 30 minutes at 0°C. It was added slowly. After addition, the temperature of the reaction mixture was raised to 70° C. over 4 hours. The formation of a dark yellow precipitate was observed. Next, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the resulting solid was filtered and dried to obtain compound (3) (3.9 g, yield 65%). The compound (3) was used directly in the coupling step without purification.

N-(2-((4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)-N-ethyl-3-methylaniline(N-(2-((4,6 -dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)-N-ethyl-3-methylaniline, 6)

DIPEA (2.16 g, 16.747 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of DCM (50 mL) in which 2-(ethyl(m-tolyl)amino)ethan-1-ol (4) (2 g, 11.165 mmol) was dissolved at 0°C. . After 10 minutes, DCM (50 mL) in which 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (2.04 g, 11.165 mmol) was dissolved was added and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Water (50 mL) was added to the reaction solution, and the DCM layer was separated. The aqueous layer was treated with DCM (50 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The resulting off-white solid was washed with nucleic acid and obtained as a pure solid (6).

Yield: 2.5 g, (69%); mp: 210-212℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 600 MHz): δ 7.05 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.50 - 6.45 (m, 3H), 4.55 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.64 (t, J = 6.4) Hz, 2H), 3.37 (q, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 1.11 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3H). ESI (m/z): 327.0 [M+H]+.

2-(3-cyano-4-(4-((2-((4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)(ethyl)amino)-2- Methylphenyl)-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)malononitrile (2-(3-cyano-4-(4-((2-((4,6- dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)(ethyl)amino)-2-methylphenyl)-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)malononitrile, CNU -CY)

Sodium 4-cyano-5-(dicyanomethylene)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,3-bis(oleate)(3) (1 g, 4.31 mmol) and N-(2-( (4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)-N-ethyl-3-methylaniline (6) (1.4 g, 4.31 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of DMF. Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.5 g, 4.31 mmol) was added to the mixture at 0°C for 10 minutes. After addition, the reaction solution turned greenish yellow, and then the temperature of the reaction mixture was raised to 80°C and stirred for 5 hours. The reaction mixture turned dark blue. Additionally, the reaction temperature was cooled to room temperature and 10 mL of cold water was added. A dark blue solid was obtained. The product was filtered and washed with water (3 x 30 mL) to give pure compound CNU-CY as a blue solid.

Yield: 2.55 g, (51%); mp: 261-263℃; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 600 MHz): δ 7.41 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1H), 6.80 - 6.75 (m, 2H), 3.82 - 3.75 (m, 4H), 3.54 (q, J = 6.9 Hz) , 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.14 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6, 150 MHz): δ 167.8, 151.1, 150.7, 141.2, 133.7, 114.8, 114.0, 112.4, 111.5, 109.4, 105.6, 50.7, 44.6, 41.3, 21. 2, 12.1. ESI (m/z): 495.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Supercritical CO2 staining procedure

In the supercritical _CO2 dyeing experiments, nylon and cotton fabrics were dyed with CNU-CY using the same supercritical fluid dyeing equipment commonly used for supercritical fluid dyeing.

First, clean nylon or cotton fabric (approximately 10 g, 50 cm x 10 cm) was placed in a dyeing autoclave. A 0.5% owf dose of the CNU-CY dye powder was used and placed in a dye container. 50mM of Et3N base was used in staining experiments and placed directly at the bottom of the staining vessel. Carbon dioxide was pumped through a forced pump through a heat exchanger and cooling tank. The CNU-CY dye powder was previously dissolved in a dye container and entered into the dye container. The autoclave temperature was heated to 120° C. and the pressure was maintained at 25 MPa. Afterwards, the dyeing process was performed for 1 hour. After the dyeing process was completed, high-pressure carbon dioxide was released from the dyeing autoclave into a separator unit. Once the dyeing autoclave reached ambient temperature, the dyed fabric was removed from the vessel and used for further analysis. In addition, after purification in the purification room, carbon dioxide was recovered and stored in a recycling container.

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

TGA of compound CNU-CY was performed using a TGA-Q50 instrument in an air atmosphere. 10 ± 0.1 mg of CNU-CY was used in the temperature range of 25 to 800 °C, and the heating rate was 10 °C/min.

Fastness test

After dyeing nylon and cotton fabrics with supercritical CO ₂ medium, a fastness test was performed on the dyed fabrics. Color fastness tests for washing, croaking, light fastness, and sweat fastness experiments used previously known methods. KS K ISO 105 - C06:2014, KS K ISO 105- did.

Color evaluation and levelness

CIELab coordinates for colored nylon and cotton fabrics were determined by a Datacolor 650 and spectrophotometer using a D 65 light source and 10° observer settings. In CIELab theory, L* represents brightness. The * symbol changes from positive to negative in space. That is, the color changes from red to green on the red-green axis. Likewise, b* changes from positive to negative in space. That is, the color changes from yellow to blue on the yellow-blue axis. h represents the hue angle from 0° to 360° in color space. C* stands for Chroma and provides information about the brightness of the dyed fabric. RUI (Relative Unlevelness Index) was used to indicate the flatness of the dyed fabric. The RUI value was mainly calculated using the following four equations.

Color intensity (K/S) and dye reflection rate test

The most commonly used quick method color intensity test can be used to determine the color of dyed nylon and cotton fabrics. The Kubelka-Munk equation (5) was used to calculate color intensity.

R _min values were obtained by measuring colored nylon and cotton fabrics with a Shimadz UV-26000 spectrophotometer. Additionally, Equation (6) was used to find the reflectance of the dye remaining after solvent extraction from nylon and cotton fabrics. It represents the ratio of (K/S) staining and (K/S) extraction. (K/S) extraction was obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. This is a method of removing undyed dye particles by treating dyed nylon and cotton fabrics with acetone solvent and heating them for 1 hour. The extracted color intensity (K/S) was measured using dye extraction fabric according to equation (5) above. Finally, the (K/S) stained value and (K/S) extracted value were used in equation (6).

Experiment result

FT-IR spectrum analysis

The obtained reactive disperse dye composition was characterized by FT-IR analysis and the corresponding spectrum is shown in Figure 1. The concentrated band observed at 3182 cm ^-1 in the spectrum corresponds to the NH stretching vibration of the tricyanopyrrolidone heterocyclic ring. =The asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of the CH group were confirmed to be 2973 cm ^-1 and 2922 cm ^-1 . Sp3 CH stretching vibration was confirmed to be 2866 cm ^-1 . A sharp concentrated band appeared at 2224 cm ^-1 corresponding to the stretching vibration of the cyano group (-C≡N). The absorption band at 1741 cm ^-1 is due to the pyrrolidone carbonyl (-C=O) group.

In general, alkyl or aryl substituted pyrrolidones have a (-C=O) band at 1650 - 1690 cm ^-1 . However, in the CNU-CY dye molecule, a strong electron-withdrawing malononitrile group exists at the second position of the pyrrolidone heterocyclic ring, so the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom becomes malononitrile ( It participates in most of the bonds instead of the pyrrolidone carbonyl group at the fifth position of the malononitrile group. Therefore, the stretching frequency of the pyrrolidone carbonyl group shifts to a higher wavenumber. The stretching vibrations of the -C=N group of the reactive triazine group and the -C=C- group of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound were observed at 1591 cm ^-1 and 1503 cm ^-1 , respectively. A characteristic peak for the C-Cl group of the triazine ring was observed at 796 cm ^-1 . Based on the characteristic band observed in FT-IR, it was confirmed that the expected functional group was present in the synthesized reactive disperse dye.

NMR spectral analysis

The NMR (1H and 13C) spectrum of CNU-CY is shown in Figures 2 and 3.

In the spectrum, the aromatic proton, which is the 6' proton, appeared as a doublet because the 5' proton participates in ortho coupling. The coupling constant J value was 9.4Hz, and orthogonal coupling was additionally confirmed. The 3' and 5' protons appeared as multiplets in the range of 6.78 to 6.76 δ ppm. The up field shift of the two protons is potentially due to their ortho position to the electron donating group of N-ethyl aniline group. Additionally, in the aliphatic region, oxygen and nitrogen attached methylene protons appeared as multiplets at 3.80 to 3.76 δ ppm. The clearly observed quadruplet peak at 3.54 δ ppm and the triplet peak at 1.14 δ ppm correspond to the nitrogen-attached methylene proton and the adjacent methyl proton, respectively. For the above two groups, the binding constant value J is 6.9Hz, which means that the methylene group and the methyl group are adjacent. The strong singlet peak at 2.36 δ ppm is the tolyl group. The septet peak at 2.50 δ ppm and the intensive broad peak at 3.34 δ ppm are DMSO-d6 and water, respectively. The chemical structure of the synthesized CNU-CY dye was confirmed based on the chemical shift value of the proton observed in the ¹ H NMR spectrum.

In ^{the 13} C NMR spectrum, the characteristic pyrrolidone carbonyl (-C=O) C ₅ group resonated at 168.3 δ ppm. In the triazine ring, the oxygen-attached carbon C2'' appeared at 158.3 δ ppm, while the chlorine-attached carbon C4'', C6'' (C-Cl) appeared at 151.6 δ ppm. Additionally, the C2 carbon of the pyrrolidone ring was more stripped due to the presence of the cyano group, which withdrew more electrons, which was seen at 151.2 δ ppm. Aromatic carbon (C4') attached directly to nitrogen appeared at about 141.8 δ ppm, which was significantly downfield. Unhydrogenated sp2-hybridized aromatic carbons C2', C1', C4, and C3 appeared at 134.3 × 106.1, 115.4, and 112.9, respectively. Cyano group carbon appeared at 112.7 δ ppm. Additionally, hydrogenated sp2-hybridized aromatic hydrocarbons C6', C5', and C3' resonate at 114.6, 112.0, and 110.0 δ ppm, respectively. In the aliphatic region, oxygen-attached carbon was observed at 60.0 δ ppm, while nitrogen-attached carbon appeared at 45.1 δ ppm. Malononitrile methylene group appeared at 51.2 δ ppm. Additionally, nitrified methylene carbons and adjacent methyl carbons appeared at 41.8 and 12.6 δ ppm. Tolyl group (C2'-CH ₃ ) appeared at 21.7 δ ppm. ^{The 13} C NMR spectrum indicates that the position of carbon in the chemical structure of CNU-CY was synthesized using the method designed and proposed above.

color characteristics

To understand the optical properties of CNU-CY, UV-Vis absorption spectrum was analyzed. For analysis, non-polar (dichloromethane) and polar (acetone) solvents were used. UV-visible absorption spectra were recorded using a dye concentration of 0.1 x 10 ^-4 L(mol·cm) ^-1 . Compound CNU-CY showed a typical blue color in this solvent. A single absorption narrow band was observed at 624 nm in dichloromethane, while a single absorption broadband was observed at 634 nm in acetone solvent. The dichloromethane is less polar and has a dielectric constant of 8.93, while acetone is 20.7. The absorption maximum was shifted approximately 10 nm longer in acetone than in dichloromethane, as shown in Figure 4(a). Additionally, dye molecules with some strongly electronegative atoms (cyano and heterocyclic pyrrolidone) participate in strong hydrogen bonding interactions with polar solvents, while weak hydrogen bonding interactions with nonpolar solvents. participate in Therefore, these hydrogen bonding interactions greatly reduce the energy gap between the ground state and excited state in polar solvents compared to non-polar solvents. As a result, a bathochromic shift was observed in polar solvents and a hypsochromic shift in non-polar solvents. The spectral analysis results show that the molecule exhibits a bright blue color with good absorption ability even in non-polar solvents, which means that the CNU-CY dye composition is useful for coloring fabrics even under non-polar supercritical CO ₂ conditions.

The reflection spectrum of the colored fabric is shown in Figure 4(b). After dyeing in supercritical CO ₂ conditions, dyed nylon and cotton fabrics exhibit basic red and blue colors by absorbing reflected light between 400 and 590 nm and reserving between 590 and 725 nm. The minimum reflectance curve for nylon fabric is approximately 536 nm and for cotton fabric is approximately 635 nm. The reflectance curves of CNU-CY for nylon and cotton fabrics are shown in the lower region of the graph, indicating that more CNU-CY dye is adsorbed to the dyed fabric, resulting in a darker shade (Figure 6).

Thermogravimetric analysis TGA

To confirm the thermal stability of CNU-CY, TGA analysis was performed. The analysis results are shown in Figure 5. Referring to FIG. 5, the initial weight loss temperature of the dye was observed at 280°C. Almost complete weight loss temperature was observed at 510°C. According to the above experimental results, it means that the dye composition of the present invention can be applied to fabric dyeing at an effective temperature (thermal stability).

Color fastness test

After the dyeing experiment was completed, color fastness tests such as washing fastness, croaking fastness, light fastness, and sweat fastness were conducted on the dyed nylon and cotton fabrics. The experimental results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Satisfactory washing fastness ratings were obtained for both nylon and cotton fabrics under the conditions of use. The washing fastness rating is 4-5 for nylon fabrics against fading and staining of adjacent multi-fiber fabrics, while for cotton fabrics the fading rating is 4-5, but the staining rating reaches 3-4 for cotton, nylon and wool fabrics. . The dye colors observed for cotton are cream, for nylon, almond, and for wool fabrics, ivory. This is because the hydrolyzed CNU-CY dye composition has a strong affinity to potentially reactive sites on nylon, wool and cotton fabrics during the washing process under alkaline conditions. Crocking fastness for dry and wet reach grades is (4-5) for both nylon and cotton fabrics. Additionally, the light fastness of dyes is different from nylon and cotton fabrics. This may vary depending on the fabric characteristics. Nylon fabrics have a lightfastness rating of 2-3, while cotton fabrics have a lightfastness rating of 1. This may be due to the presence of degreasers in nylon fabrics that absorb UV rays. Therefore, the fabric has excellent resistance to ultraviolet rays. However, in the case of cotton, light resistance is poor as ultraviolet rays pass through the fabric and are photodecomposed. Finally, the overall lightfastness rating of the dye is relatively less acceptable for both nylon and cotton fabrics. Assuming that photodecomposition of the dye follows, it could be a photoreduction mechanism or an N-dealkylation mechanism. CNU-CY assumes that the acceptor is accelerated to draw electron density from the donor and combines the tricyanopyrrole heterocycle ring (acceptor, due to the strong electron with the drawing group (-CN)) with a superior electron-donating binding component (6). formed by combining. It tends to accumulate electron density on nitrogen atoms of moieties and -CN groups and extract hydrogen atoms from nylon and cotton polymers (photoreduction mechanism). Another possibility is N-dealkylation by attacking singlet oxygen.

Sweat fastness results were tested in acidic and alkaline media on both dyed nylon and cotton fabrics. Excellent results were shown under the above experimental conditions. Nylon fabrics have a sweat fastness rating of 4-5 for fading in acidic and alkaline conditions, while cotton fabrics have a sweat fastness rating of 3-4. On acidic media for nylon fabrics the dyeing grade is excellent 4-5, for cotton fabrics it is 3-4, but on alkaline media for nylon fabrics it is 3-5 for cotton (rosy brown), nylon (light purple) and wool fabrics (dark ivory). Up to 4 appeared. On the other hand, cotton fabric dye colors for cotton (orange), nylon (light purple-red) and wool (dark ivory) are only grade 2 or 3. This property may be due to the strong affinity of the triazine rings of the reactive disperse dye with the reactive functional groups of the fabric in alkaline media. According to the above fastness analysis results, tricyanopyrrolidone dye with a chlorotriazine group can exhibit high stability and acceptable color fastness to nylon and cotton fabrics under eco-friendly supercritical CO ₂ dyeing conditions.

Fabric	Wash fastness							Crocking fastness		Light fastness
	Fading	Staining						Dry	Wet
		Ac	C	N	P	A	W
Nylon	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	2-3
Cotton	4-5	4-5	3-4	3-4	4-5	4-5	3-4	4-5	4-5	One

Fabric	Sweat fastness
		Fading	Staining
			Ac	C	N	P	A	W
Nylon	Acidic	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5	4-5
Cotton		3-4	1-2	3-4	1-2	3-4	3-4	2
Nylon	Alkaline	4-5	4-5	3-4	3-4	4-5	4-5	3-4
Cotton		3-4	2	3-4	1-2	3-4	3-4	2

color evaluation

Table 3 below relates the color coordinates of CNU-CY dye for nylon and cotton fabrics.

As a result of the analysis, the lightness value (L*) for nylon fabric was 35.13, while for cotton fabric it was 41.95, which means that the reactive disperse dye produces a darker color on nylon fabric.

The color counterpart is a positive value of a* for nylon and a negative value of * for cotton. The color indicates a shift from the red-green axis toward red for nylon and toward green for cotton fabric. Similarly, positive values of b* for nylon and negative values of b* for cotton mean that the color hue has shifted from the yellow-blue axis toward yellow for nylon and toward blue for cotton fabrics. According to the C* value, nylon fabric is brighter (C* = 30.33) than cotton fabric (C* = 21.48). The hue angle of nylon fabric is 27.19 and that of cotton fabric is 268.35.

The relative unbalance index (RUI) value is approximately 0.31 for nylon fabrics and the observed value for cotton fabrics is 0.38. From the above values, the CNU-CY dye composition was well dispersed without agglomerating within the fabric during the dyeing process in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide medium. The reactive disperse dye composition synthesized from color coordinates showed bright color characteristics and good smoothness on nylon and cotton fabrics under use conditions.

Additionally, the color intensity (K/S) dyeing value is 12.17 for nylon and 10.44 for cotton. After recording the (K/S) dyeing values, the dyed fabric was treated with Soxhlet extraction to remove unfixed dye and extract the recorded color intensity values (K/S). The (K/S) extraction value of nylon is 11.19 and that of cotton is 9.18. The dye reflectance of nylon fabric is about 92%, and that of cotton fabric is 88%. This is mainly because the -NH functional group has a higher reactivity than the -OH functional group, and nylon fabric reacted more efficiently with the reactive functional group of chlorotriazine in the dye molecule than cotton fabric. The dye composition of the present invention produces a basic red color in nylon fabrics and a blue color in cotton fabrics. This is because the presence of strongly electronegative atoms in the dye molecule can participate in strong hydrogen bonding interactions with the secondary -OH (more electronegative oxygen atom) functional groups of the cotton fabric. As a result, the energy gap between the ground state and excited state is reduced. Nylon fabrics can participate in weak hydrogen bonding interactions (less electronegative nitrogen atoms) with dye molecules, while also causing hypsochromic shifts.

In addition to hydrogen bond interactions, photoluminescence spectra were also recorded for undyed nylon and cotton fabrics. In Figure 7, at an excitation wavelength of 325 nm, the undyed nylon fabric showed no luminescence properties, while the cotton fabric showed luminescence at 436 nm at an intensity of 1325 au, which is mainly due to the presence of fluorescent brightener in the cotton fabric. Figure 7 is an image under (a) visible light and (b) ultraviolet light of an undyed cotton fabric.

After staining with CNU-CY, the maximum photoluminescence observed for nylon fabric at 642 nm and cotton fabric with an intensity of 3643 au at 514 nm excitation wavelength was reduced, showing 1248 au only at 572 nm. It can be seen that fluorescent brightener and CNU-CY have a synergistic effect on the brightness of treated cotton fabric and can also affect the color of the fabric.

Fabric	L*	a*	b*	C*	h	K/S (dyed)	K/S (extr)	Reflect % dye	RUI
Nylon	35.13	26.97	13.86	30.33	27.19	12.17	11.19	92	0.31
Cotton	41.95	-0.62	-21.47	21.48	268.35	10.44	9.18	88	0.38

Dyeing mechanism of nylon and cotton fabrics

Dye fixation speed plays an important role in dyes. From Table 3 above, the reflectivity of the dye reaching nylon fabric is 92% and for cotton fabric it is 88%. According to the structural characteristics of CNU-CY dye, the dyeing mechanism was discussed as follows. Nylon fabrics contain amino groups (-NH), while cotton fabrics contain hydroxy groups (-OH). Therefore, trimethylamine base stimulates the -NH and -OH groups of the large chains of nylon and cotton fabrics, making them strong nucleophiles (step 1). The nucleophile undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the electrophilic center of the triazine to form a strong covalent bond (Scheme 2) (steps 2, 3, and 4). In addition to covalent bonds, CNU-CY has more electronegative atoms (-CN) and participates in strong hydrogen bonding interactions with nylon and cotton fabrics. Therefore, dye fixation efficiency increases. Meanwhile, the dye fixation efficiency is slightly higher for nylon fabrics than for cotton fabrics. This may be due to the stronger nucleophilicity of -NH groups (nylon) than -OH groups (cotton) and the superior plasticizing effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on nylon fabrics than on cotton fabrics.

The present invention relates to a reactive disperse dye composition and a supercritical fluid dyeing method using the same.

Claims (10)

1. Containing a compound represented by the following formula 1:

   Reactive Disperse Dye Composition:

   [Formula 1]

   

   here,

   n is an integer from 0 to 4,

   X ₁ is N(R ₆ ), C(R ₇ )(R ₈ ), O or S,

   X ₂ to X ₄ are the same or different from each other, and are each independently C(R ₉ ) or N,

   L ₁ is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted selected from the group consisting of cycloalkylene groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms,

   R ₁ to R ₉ are the same or different from each other, and each independently represents hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted. Ringed alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or Unsubstituted aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted 6 to 30 carbon atoms aralkylamino group, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted It is selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms,

   When L ₁ and R ₁ to R ₉ are substituted, hydrogen, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, nitro group, halogen group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, alkoxy group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms group, alkyl group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group with 2 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl group with 2 to 24 carbon atoms, aralkyl group with 7 to 30 carbon atoms, aryl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon number Heteroaryl group with 2 to 60 carbon atoms, heteroarylalkyl group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylamino group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, arylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, aralkylamino group with 6 to 30 carbon atoms, It is substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of a heteroarylamino group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an arylsilyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and is substituted with a plurality of substituents. If so, they are the same or different from each other.
2. According to paragraph 1,

   The compound represented by Formula 1 is a compound represented by Formula 2 below:

   Reactive Disperse Dye Composition:

   [Formula 2]

   

   here,

   n, X ₁ to X ₄ and R ₂ to R ₆ are as defined in claim 1.
3. According to paragraph 1,

   Wherein X ₁ is N(R ₆ )

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
4. According to paragraph 1,

   At least one of X ₂ to X ₄ is N

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
5. According to paragraph 1,

   The R ₂ is a cyano group (-CN).

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
6. According to paragraph 1,

   Wherein L ₁ is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
7. According to paragraph 1,

   The reactive disperse dye composition is used to dye fiber or fabric materials using a supercritical fluid.

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
8. In clause 7,

   The fiber or textile material contains a functional group selected from the group consisting of amino (N-H) functional group, hydroxy (-OH) functional group, and mixtures thereof.

   Reactive disperse dye composition.
9. A reactive disperse dye composition according to claim 1; and

   Using supercritical fluid,

   For dyeing a fiber or textile material containing a functional group selected from the group consisting of amino (N-H) functional group, hydroxy (-OH) functional group and mixtures thereof.

   Dyeing method using a reactive disperse dye composition.
10. According to clause 9,

    The supercritical fluid is carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

    Dyeing method using a reactive disperse dye composition.

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