WO2023217136A1 - 光伏支架 - Google Patents

光伏支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023217136A1
WO2023217136A1 PCT/CN2023/092972 CN2023092972W WO2023217136A1 WO 2023217136 A1 WO2023217136 A1 WO 2023217136A1 CN 2023092972 W CN2023092972 W CN 2023092972W WO 2023217136 A1 WO2023217136 A1 WO 2023217136A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
purlin
diagonal brace
hole
pairs
connecting holes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/092972
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭家宝
刘霄
Original Assignee
上海摩昆新能源科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海摩昆新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海摩昆新能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023217136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023217136A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic support.
  • Photovoltaic power generation is a new form of energy currently being vigorously developed by various countries. It is characterized by safety, environmental protection and no emissions.
  • photovoltaic brackets are indispensable components in photovoltaic power generation systems. They play the role of supporting, installing, and fixing photovoltaic modules, ensuring that photovoltaic modules are not damaged by harsh environments such as wind, rain, and snow, and ensuring that the photovoltaic system structural strength.
  • photovoltaic supports they usually consist of main components such as columns, diagonal beams, diagonal braces, and purlins.
  • diagonal braces are usually required to connect the purlins to the columns, or the purlins to the main beams, so that the purlins are connected to the columns.
  • the main beam forms a triangular support so that the purlins are in the correct position and the strength meets the requirements.
  • the upper part of the diagonal brace is supported in the middle of the purlins at a certain angle, and the lower part of the diagonal brace is connected to the purlin brackets or main beams.
  • the purlin brackets are also referred to as purlin brackets for short.
  • connection method is a bolt-hinged connection between diagonal braces and purlins, diagonal braces and purlin supports.
  • the inventor found that when this connection structure is adopted, the diagonal brace can rotate freely in a direction parallel to the connection surface of the purlin supports and purlin bars, which is not conducive to the stability of the bracket structure.
  • the purlins are prone to deformation and twisting.
  • purlin deformation will further cause the connection between diagonal braces and purlins or even diagonal braces and purlin supports to loosen.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a photovoltaic bracket that can effectively prevent purlin deformation.
  • the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic bracket, which includes a purlin and a diagonal brace. It is characterized in that the upper end of the diagonal brace is connected to the purlin through two pairs of connecting holes respectively connected by two first fasteners.
  • the two pairs Each pair of connection holes includes a first connection hole provided on the purlin and a corresponding second connection hole provided on the diagonal brace.
  • the two pairs of connection holes are located in the height direction and length direction of the purlin. All are staggered.
  • the diagonal brace has a widthwise center plane in the width direction of the diagonal brace. Place The two second connecting holes belonging to the two pairs of connecting holes on the diagonal brace are respectively located on both sides of the wide center surface.
  • the diagonal brace is a component that is symmetrical with respect to the widthwise central plane.
  • the upper end of the diagonal brace is provided with four connecting holes.
  • the two connecting holes located on the diagonal side relative to the widthwise center plane respectively constitute two pairs of connecting holes. said second connection hole.
  • the hole centers of the four connecting holes respectively constitute four corner points of a rectangle.
  • the second connection hole is a round hole.
  • the first connection hole is a strip hole extending along the length direction.
  • the photovoltaic bracket includes two diagonal braces.
  • the photovoltaic bracket also includes a purlin bracket.
  • the two ends of the purlin bracket are connected to the lower ends of the two diagonal braces through a pair of perforations through a second fastener.
  • the pair of perforations include a pair of holes provided on the purlin bracket. A first through hole and a corresponding second through hole provided on the diagonal brace.
  • one end of the purlin bracket is connected to the lower end of the corresponding diagonal brace by two second fasteners respectively passing through two sets of pairs of perforations.
  • the diagonal brace has a widthwise center plane in the width direction of the diagonal brace.
  • the hole centers of the two sets of pairs of perforations are located on the widthwise center plane.
  • the second through hole is a circular hole.
  • the first through hole is a strip hole, and the strip hole extends along the length direction.
  • the purlin has a height center plane in the height direction.
  • the two first connecting holes belonging to the two pairs of connecting holes on the purlin are respectively located on both sides of the height center plane.
  • the diagonal braces and purlins are connected through two pairs of connecting holes, and the two pairs of connecting holes are staggered in the height and length directions of the purlins, the diagonal braces and purlins cannot rotate with each other, which can effectively Preventing purlins from deforming, regardless of the direction of the wind, can have a good anti-deformation effect.
  • the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket can further prevent the installation between the diagonal brace and the purlin from loosening and has an anti-loosening function.
  • the number of components involved in the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket has not changed much compared to the photovoltaic bracket using the traditional purlin diagonal bracing connection method.
  • the overall structure is simple, easy to manufacture and install, low in cost, and high in reliability.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the partial construction of an exemplary photovoltaic support.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the partial configuration of another exemplary photovoltaic support.
  • Figure 3A is a bottom view of an exemplary purlin.
  • Figure 3B is a side view of an exemplary purlin.
  • Figure 3C is a top view of an exemplary purlin.
  • Figure 4A is a side view of an exemplary diagonal brace.
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary diagonal brace.
  • Figure 5A is a side view of an exemplary purlin.
  • Figure 5B is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary purlin.
  • Figure 5C is a top view of an exemplary purlin.
  • a first feature described later in the specification is formed above or on a second feature, which may include an embodiment in which the first feature and the second feature are directly connected, or may include an embodiment in which the first feature and the second feature are formed. Embodiments of additional features are formed between them, so that there may not be a direct connection between the first feature and the second feature.
  • first element is described as being connected or combined with a second element, this description includes embodiments in which the first element and the second element are directly connected or combined with each other, as well as embodiments in which one or more other intervening elements are used. Addition causes the first element and the second element to be indirectly connected or coupled to each other.
  • the purlins and diagonal braces can be in the form of C-shaped, U-shaped, ⁇ -shaped or square tube-shaped long cold-formed parts.
  • the inventor found that between the diagonal brace and the purlin, between the diagonal brace and the purlin support, especially when a bolt is used to articulate the diagonal brace and the purlin, the diagonal brace and the purlin can rotate freely, which is detrimental to the overall structure of the photovoltaic support. Unfavorable for stability.
  • the inventor believes that if other strengthening measures are not taken, the upper structure of the photovoltaic support will be in an unstable state. Under the influence of strong wind or heavy snow, the photovoltaic bracket may be overstressed and deformed.
  • the inventor further analyzed that the traditional single-bolt hinged diagonal bracing connection method was changed from a hinged connection to a fixed connection through two pairs of connecting holes, and the two pairs of connecting holes were staggered in the height and length directions of the purlins. This phenomenon of purlin deformation can be effectively avoided.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic support 10 provided in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the photovoltaic bracket 10 includes purlins 1 and diagonal braces 2 .
  • 3A to 3C illustrate the three-side structure of the purlin 1 respectively
  • FIGS. 4A to 4B illustrate the two-side structure of the diagonal brace 2 respectively.
  • the upper end of the diagonal brace 2 is connected to the purlin 1 through two first fasteners (not shown) respectively passing through two pairs of connecting holes 61.
  • Each pair of the two pairs of connecting holes 61 includes a first connecting hole 611 provided on the purlin 1 (shown in both FIG. 1 and FIG. 3B ) and a corresponding second connecting hole 612 provided on the diagonal brace 2 (FIG. shown in 4A).
  • the two pairs of connecting holes 61 are staggered in both the height direction H1 and the length direction L1 of the purlin 1 .
  • the purlin 1 is an elongated rod in the photovoltaic bracket 10.
  • the upper part is used to install photovoltaic modules and is usually supported on the main beam 4 of the photovoltaic bracket 10.
  • the main beam 4 is usually located at the center of the purlin 1 along the length direction L1.
  • FIG. 3C also shows the fixing holes 65 on the purlin 1 for fixing the photovoltaic modules.
  • the cross section of the purlin 1 may be, for example, C-shaped, U-shaped, square tube or ⁇ -shaped.
  • the diagonal brace 2 is an elongated brace member in the photovoltaic bracket 10 that connects the purlin 1 with the main beam 4 and the column (not shown) so that the purlin 1 and the column/main beam 4 form a triangular support.
  • the upper part of the diagonal brace 2 is supported at the middle position of the purlin 1 at a certain angle, and the lower part may be supported on the main beam 4 or the later-mentioned purlin bracket 3 or a column, for example.
  • the cross section of the diagonal brace 2 may be, for example, C-shaped, U-shaped (as shown in Figure 4B), square tube or ⁇ -shaped.
  • the length direction L1 of the purlin 1 is also the extension direction of the purlin 1 .
  • the height direction H1 of the purlin 1 is also the direction perpendicular to the length direction L1 of the purlin 1 and the extension direction of the main beam 4 supporting it, that is, the vertical direction when the photovoltaic bracket 10 is upright on the ground, for example, through a column.
  • first and second in the text to define features are only to facilitate the differentiation of corresponding features. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning, and therefore cannot be understood as protecting the present disclosure. Scope limitations. For example, the aforementioned first fastener and the second fastener to be described later are only for the purpose of distinguishing and describing the fasteners used in different positions, and both can adopt various fastener forms such as bolts, screws, etc.
  • the purlin 1 and the diagonal brace 2 can be fixed as a whole to prevent the purlin 1 from being affected by gravity, wind pressure and snow pressure. , resulting in angular deviation.
  • the two pairs of connecting holes 61 are staggered in the height direction H1 and the length direction L1 of the purlin 1, which can improve the stability of the upper purlin 1 and prevent the purlin 1 from losing stability because it is connected to the diagonal brace 2 at only one point.
  • the stress on purlins 1 and diagonal braces 2 is smaller than that of hingedly connected purlins and diagonal braces, and the overall strength of purlins 1 and diagonal braces 2 can be greatly improved.
  • the two directions “perpendicular”, “consistent”, “parallel”, etc. mentioned in the article do not need to meet strict angle requirements in the mathematical sense, but allow a certain tolerance range.
  • the angle required on the above is within 20°, and "along" a certain direction means that there is at least a component in that direction.
  • the angle with this direction is within 45°, and more preferably, the angle is within 20° or even Within 5°.
  • the diagonal brace 2 has a widthwise center surface P2 in the width direction W2 of the diagonal brace 2, that is, the surface located at the center of the diagonal brace 2 in the width direction W2.
  • the two second connection holes 612 on the diagonal brace 2 belonging to the aforementioned two pairs of connection holes 61 can be respectively located on both sides of the widthwise central plane W2, that is, on the left and right sides in Figure 1 . This arrangement can optimize the staggered distribution of the two pairs of connecting holes 61 in the height direction H1 and the length direction L1.
  • the diagonal brace 2 may be a component that is symmetrical with respect to the widthwise central plane P2.
  • the upper end of the diagonal brace 2 may be provided with four connecting holes 64 . That is, the four connecting holes 64 are also symmetrically arranged with respect to the widthwise center plane P2.
  • the two connecting holes 64 located on diagonal sides relative to the widthwise central plane P2 may respectively constitute two second connecting holes 612 belonging to two pairs of connecting holes 61 , as marked in FIG. 4A .
  • a batch of the same diagonal braces 2 can be made and can be used as the diagonal braces 2 on the left and right sides in Figure 1 at the same time, that is, the diagonal braces 2 are interchangeable.
  • the hole centers of the four connecting holes 64 may respectively form four corner points of a rectangle. That is to say, the connection line of the hole centers of the four connecting holes 64 forms a rectangle, and the diagonal one of the four connecting holes 64 is taken.
  • the two connecting holes are connected to the diagonal brace 2.
  • the second connection hole 612 may be a circular hole.
  • the first connection hole 611 may be a strip hole, and the strip hole may extend along the length direction L1.
  • Providing strip holes is helpful for position adjustment and installation alignment.
  • Providing strip holes in the purlin 1 can facilitate the symmetrical arrangement of the diagonal braces 2 mentioned above.
  • the first connection hole 611 provided in the purlin 1 may also be a circular hole, as shown in FIG. 3A .
  • the photovoltaic bracket 10 includes two diagonal supports 2 .
  • the photovoltaic bracket 10 may also include a purlin 3 .
  • FIGS. 5A to 5C exemplarily illustrate the three-side structure of the purlin 3 .
  • the two ends of the purlin support 3 can be connected to the lower ends of the two diagonal braces 2 by passing through the pair of through holes 62 through second fasteners (not shown).
  • the pair of through holes 62 may include a first through hole 621 provided on the purlin 3 and a corresponding second through hole 622 provided on the diagonal brace 2 .
  • the purlin bracket 3 can be placed below the main beam 4, and can also be called the purlin lower bracket.
  • the purlin bracket 3 can be connected to the purlin 1 through bolts, that is, the purlin bracket 3 and the purlin 1 can be clamped on the main beam 4 through the bolt connection.
  • FIG. 3A shows the bolt holes 66 of the purlin 1 for connecting the pair of through bolts
  • FIG. 5C shows the bolt holes 67 of the purlin bracket 3 for connecting the pair of through bolts.
  • the purlin bracket 3, the two diagonal braces 2 and the purlin 1 together form a stable inverted trapezoidal structure, forming a stable support, especially to ensure that the connecting parts do not slip axially.
  • the purlin bracket 3 can extend generally parallel to the purlin 1, and the two diagonal braces 2 are located on both sides respectively.
  • the inverted trapezoid structure is generally symmetrical on both sides relative to the main beam 4.
  • the purlin support 3 can be a bent piece.
  • one end of the purlin support 3 can be connected to the lower end of the corresponding diagonal brace 2 through two second fasteners respectively passing through two sets of pairs of through holes 62 .
  • one end of the purlin support 3 can also be connected to the lower end of the corresponding diagonal brace 2 by only one second fastener passing through a pair of through holes 62 respectively, as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the diagonal brace 2 has a widthwise central plane P2 in the width direction W2 of the diagonal brace 2 .
  • the hole centers of the two sets of pairs of perforations 62 can both be located on the widthwise center plane P2.
  • the second through hole 622 may be a circular hole.
  • the first through hole 621 may be a strip hole, and the strip hole may extend along the length direction L1 of the purlin 1 .
  • the purlin 1 has a height center plane P1 in the height direction H1, that is, in the height direction H1
  • the surface located at the center of purlin 1.
  • the two first connection holes 611 belonging to the two pairs of connection holes 61 on the purlin 1 can be respectively located on both sides of the height center plane P1, that is, the upper and lower sides in Figure 1 . This arrangement can make the support of the purlin 1 more stable.
  • the purlins are easily deformed and twisted, and the deformation of the purlins will further lead to loose installation.
  • material can be saved, but the rigidity is poor and it is easy to deform.
  • the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket changes the connection structure of the purlin diagonal braces from a hinged connection to a fixed connection realized through the connection holes at two positions, and makes the positions of the connection holes staggered in the length and height directions, which can prevent the deformation of the purlins.
  • the triangular support structure it is not easy for the triangular support structure to be greatly deformed due to gravity or wind and snow pressure, and it can ensure that the upper components are accurately positioned, installed straight, and can prevent loosening. Therefore, the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket can be particularly suitable for the case where the purlins are made of C-shaped steel.
  • the number of components of the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket can be roughly the same as that of the traditional photovoltaic bracket.
  • the overall structure is simple, easy to manufacture and install, low in cost, and high in reliability.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种光伏支架，包括檩条和斜撑，斜撑的上端通过两个第一紧固件分别穿连两对连接孔而连接到檩条，两对连接孔中的每对连接孔包括设置于檩条的第一连接孔以及对应地设置于斜撑的第二连接孔，两对连接孔在檩条的高度方向和长度方向上均错开。上述光伏支架可以有效防止檩条变形。

Description

光伏支架 技术领域
本公开涉及一种光伏支架。
背景技术
光伏发电是目前各国大力发展的新能源形式，其特点为安全、环保、无排放。在光伏发电应用中，光伏支架为光伏发电系统中必不可少的部件，起到支撑、安装、固定光伏组件的作用，保证光伏组件不受风、雨、雪等恶劣环境的破坏，保证光伏系统的结构强度。
对于传统的钢结构光伏支架，通常由立柱、斜梁、斜撑、檩条等主要部件，为了保证支架结构的稳定，通常需要斜撑将檩条与立柱，或檩条与主梁连接，使得檩条与立柱/主梁形成三角支撑，使得檩条的位置正确，强度满足要求。斜撑上方以一定的角度支撑在檩条中间位置，斜撑下方则与檩条托件或主梁等连接，檩条托件又简称为檩托。
通常的连接方式为斜撑与檩条、斜撑与檩托之间采用一根螺栓铰接的形式。然而，发明人发现，采用这种连接结构时，斜撑与檩托、檩条连接面平行的方向上可以自由旋转，这不利于支架结构的稳定。特别是在有外力作用诸如大风情况下，檩条容易产生变形，发生扭弯。而且，檩条变形会进一步导致斜撑与檩条甚至斜撑与檩托之间的连接松动。
因此，需要提供一种光伏支架，可以有效防止檩条变形。
实用新型内容
本公开的目的是提供一种光伏支架，可以有效防止檩条变形。
本公开提供一种光伏支架，包括檩条和斜撑，其特征在于，所述斜撑的上端通过两个第一紧固件分别穿连两对连接孔而连接到所述檩条，所述两对连接孔中的每对连接孔包括设置于所述檩条的第一连接孔以及对应地设置于所述斜撑的第二连接孔，所述两对连接孔在所述檩条的高度方向和长度方向上均错开。
在一个实施方式中，所述斜撑在所述斜撑的宽度方向上具有宽向中心面。所 述斜撑上分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第二连接孔分别位于所述宽向中心面的两侧。
在一个实施方式中，所述斜撑为相对于所述宽向中心面对称的部件。所述斜撑的上端设置有四个连接孔，所述四个连接孔中，相对于所述宽向中心面位于对角侧的两个连接孔分别构成分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第二连接孔。
在一个实施方式中，所述四个连接孔的孔心分别构成矩形的四个角点。
在一个实施方式中，所述第二连接孔为圆孔。所述第一连接孔为条形孔，所述条形孔沿着所述长度方向延伸。
在一个实施方式中，所述光伏支架包括两个斜撑。所述光伏支架还包括檩托，所述檩托的两端分别通过第二紧固件穿连对穿孔而连接所述两个斜撑的下端，所述对穿孔包括设置于所述檩托的第一穿孔以及对应地设置于所述斜撑的第二穿孔。
在一个实施方式中，所述檩托的一端通过两个第二紧固件分别穿连两组对穿孔而连接对应斜撑的下端。
在一个实施方式中，所述斜撑在所述斜撑的宽度方向上具有宽向中心面。所述两组对穿孔的孔心均位于所述宽向中心面。
在一个实施方式中，所述第二穿孔为圆孔。所述第一穿孔为条形孔，所述条形孔沿着所述长度方向延伸。
在一个实施方式中，所述檩条在所述高度方向上具有高度中心面。所述檩条上分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第一连接孔分别位于所述高度中心面的两侧。
上述光伏支架中，由于斜撑和檩条之间通过两对连接孔连接，而且这两对连接孔在檩条的高度方向和长度方向上均错开，斜撑和檩条彼此之间无法转动，可以有效地防止檩条变形，无论风力方向如何，均可以起到良好的防变形效果。而且，上述光伏支架可以进一步防止斜撑和檩条之间安装松动，具有防松功能。
上述光伏支架涉及的零部件数量相比于采用传统檩条斜撑连接方式的光伏支架变化不大，整体结构简单，制造和安装简便，成本低，且可靠性高。
附图说明
本公开的上述的以及其他的特征、性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例 的描述而变得更加明显，其中：
图1是示出示例性光伏支架的局部构造的示意图。
图2是示出另一示例性光伏支架的局部构造的示意图。
图3A是示例性檩条的仰视图。
图3B是示例性檩条的侧视图。
图3C是示例性檩条的俯视图。
图4A是示例性斜撑的侧视图。
图4B是示例性斜撑的截面图。
图5A是示例性檩托的侧视图。
图5B是示例性檩托的截面图。
图5C是示例性檩托的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式和附图对本公开作进一步说明，在以下的描述中阐述了更多的细节以便于充分理解本公开，但是本公开显然能够以多种不同于此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本公开内涵的情况下根据实际应用情况作类似推广、演绎，因此不应以此具体实施方式的内容限制本公开的保护范围。
例如，在说明书中随后记载的第一特征在第二特征上方或者上面形成，可以包括第一特征和第二特征通过直接联系的方式形成的实施方式，也可包括在第一特征和第二特征之间形成附加特征的实施方式，从而第一特征和第二特征之间可以不直接联系。进一步地，当第一元件是用与第二元件相连或结合的方式描述的，该说明包括第一元件和第二元件直接相连或彼此结合的实施方式，也包括采用一个或多个其他介入元件加入使第一元件和第二元件间接地相连或彼此结合。
通常檩条及斜撑的形式可以为C型、U型、π型或方管型的长条状冷弯件。发明人发现，斜撑与檩条、斜撑与檩托之间，特别是其中斜撑与檩条之间采用一根螺栓铰接时，斜撑与檩条之间可以自由旋转，这对光伏支架整体结构的稳定性不利。发明人分析认为，如不做其他加强措施，光伏支架上部结构处于不稳定的状 态，在大风或大雪的气候影响下，可能造成光伏支架的应力过大和变形。
发明人进一步分析认为，将传统的单螺栓铰接的斜撑连接方式从铰接连接改为通过两对连接孔的固接连接，而且这两对连接孔在檩条的高度方向和长度方向上均错开，可以有效避免这种檩条变形的现象。
图1示例性示出了根据本公开提供的光伏支架10的示意图。光伏支架10包括檩条1和斜撑2。图3A至图3C分别示例性示出了檩条1的三侧构造，而图4A至图4B分别示例性示出了斜撑2的两侧构造。
结合图1和图3A至图4B，斜撑2的上端通过两个第一紧固件(未图示)分别穿连两对连接孔61而连接到檩条1。两对连接孔61中的每对连接孔61包括设置于檩条1的第一连接孔611(图1和图3B中均示出)以及对应地设置于斜撑2的第二连接孔612(图4A中示出)。两对连接孔61在檩条1的高度方向H1和长度方向L1上均错开。
檩条1是光伏支架10中的细长杆件，上方用于安装光伏组件，通常支撑在光伏支架10的主梁4上。主梁4通常位于檩条1沿长度方向L1的中心位置。图3C中还示出了檩条1上用于固定光伏组件的固接孔65。檩条1的截面例如可以为C型、U型、方管或π型。
斜撑2是光伏支架10中将檩条1与主梁4、立柱(未示出)从而使得檩条1与立柱/主梁4形成三角支撑的细长撑杆件。斜撑2的上方以一定的角度支撑在檩条1的中间位置，下方例如可以支撑在主梁4上或者后述檩托3或者立柱上。斜撑2的截面例如可以为C型、U型(如图4B所示)、方管或π型。
檩条1的长度方向L1也即檩条1的延伸方向。檩条1的高度方向H1也即檩条1的与长度方向L1以及支撑其的主梁4的延伸方向均垂直的方向，也即，光伏支架10例如通过立柱直立在地面时的竖直方向。
可以理解，文中使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定特征，仅仅是为了便于对相应特征进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此也不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。例如，前述第一紧固件和后面将会描述的第二紧固件仅仅是为了对不同位置使用的紧固件进行区分描述，均可以采用各种紧固件形式诸如螺栓、螺钉等。
通过两个第一紧固件分别穿过两对连接孔61这样的连接方式，可以使檩条1和斜撑2固接成一个整体，防止檩条1在受到重力、风压力及雪压力的影响下，产生角度偏差。而同时，两对连接孔61在檩条1的高度方向H1和长度方向L1上均错开，可以提升上部檩条1的稳定性，使檩条1不会因为只有一点与斜撑2连接而失去稳定性。檩条1与斜撑2的应力相比铰接连接的檩条与斜撑小，檩条1和斜撑2的整体强度可以得到较大提高。
可以理解，文中提及的两个方向“垂直”、“一致”、“平行”等并不需要满足数学意义上严格的角度要求，而是容许一定的容差范围，例如，相比于数学意义上要求的角度相差20°以内，而“沿”某一方向意指在该方向上至少有分量，优选地，与该方向的夹角在45°以内，更优选地，夹角在20°甚至5°以内。
如图1所示，斜撑2在斜撑2的宽度方向W2上具有宽向中心面P2，也即在宽度方向W2上位于斜撑2中心的面。斜撑2上分属于前述两对连接孔61的两个第二连接孔612可以分别位于宽向中心面W2的两侧，也即，图1中的左右两侧。这种布置方式可以优化两对连接孔61在高度方向H1和长度方向L1上的错开分布。
可以理解，文中使用特定词语来描述本公开的实施方式，如“一个实施方式”、“另一实施方式”和/或“一些实施方式”意指与本公开至少一个实施方式相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一个实施方式”或“另一实施方式”并不一定是指同一实施方式。此外，本公开的一个或多个实施方式中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
如图4A所示，斜撑2可以为相对于宽向中心面P2对称的部件。斜撑2的上端可以设置有四个连接孔64。也即，四个连接孔64也相对于宽向中心面P2对称布置。
四个连接孔64中，相对于宽向中心面P2位于对角侧的两个连接孔64可以分别构成分属于两对连接孔61的两个第二连接孔612，如图4A所标示的。这样，制作一批同样的斜撑2，可以同时适合作为图1中左右两侧的斜撑2，也即，使得斜撑2具有互换性。
可以参见图4A，前述四个连接孔64的孔心可以分别构成矩形的四个角点。也即，前述四个连接孔64的孔心的连线形成一个长方形，取四个连接孔64中对角的 两个连接孔与斜撑2连接。
图4A示出的实施方式中，第二连接孔612可以为圆孔。如图1所示，第一连接孔611可以为条形孔，该条形孔可以沿着长度方向L1延伸。设置条形孔有利于调节位置，也有利于安装对准。而将条形孔设置于檩条1，可以有利于前面提及的斜撑2的对称布置。可以理解，在另一实施方式中，设置于檩条1的第一连接孔611也可以是圆孔，如图3A所示。
如图1所示，光伏支架10包括两个斜撑2。光伏支架10还可以包括檩托3。图5A至图5C分别示例性示出了檩托3的三侧构造。
檩托3的两端可以分别通过第二紧固件(未图示)穿连对穿孔62而连接两个斜撑2的下端。对穿孔62可以包括设置于檩托3的第一穿孔621以及对应地设置于斜撑2的第二穿孔622。
檩托3可以放置于主梁4下方，也可称之为檩条下托件。檩托3例如可以通过螺栓连接到檩条1，也即，檩托3与檩条1可以通过该螺栓连接夹紧在主梁4上。例如，图3A中示出了檩条1的用于连接该对穿螺栓的螺栓孔66，图5C中示出了檩托3的用于连接该对穿螺栓的螺栓孔67。檩托3、两个斜撑2以及檩条1共同构成稳固的倒梯形结构，形成稳固支撑，特别是可以确保连接件不产生轴向滑移。其中，檩托3可以与檩条1大体平行的延伸，而两个斜撑2分别位于两侧，该倒梯形结构相对于主梁4大体在两侧对称。如图5B所示，檩托3可以为折弯件。
图1示出的实施方式中，檩托3的一端可以通过两个第二紧固件分别穿连两组对穿孔62而连接对应斜撑2的下端。这样，可以防止檩托3和斜撑2之间的转动，可以有效地防止斜撑2与檩托3以及整个檩条连接面松动。在另一实施方式中，檩托3的一端也可以通过仅一个第二紧固件分别穿连一组对穿孔62而连接对应斜撑2的下端，如图2所示。
如前所述，斜撑2在斜撑2的宽度方向W2上具有宽向中心面P2。如图1所示，两组对穿孔62的孔心可以均位于宽向中心面P2。
如图4A所示，第二穿孔622可以为圆孔。如图5A所示，第一穿孔621可以为条形孔，该条形孔可以沿着檩条1的长度方向L1延伸。
如图1所示，檩条1在高度方向H1上具有高度中心面P1，也即在高度方向H1上 位于檩条1中心的面。檩条1上分属于两对连接孔61的两个第一连接孔611可以分别位于高度中心面P1的两侧，也即，图1中的上下两侧。这种布置可以使得对檩条1的支撑更加稳定。
对于传统的单螺栓铰接的斜撑连接结构，檩条容易变形而发生扭弯，而檩条变形会进一步导致安装松动。特别地，檩条采用C型钢时，可以省料，但是刚性差，容易变形。
上述光伏支架中，檩条两侧边与斜撑连接的位置各开两个孔，两个孔的位置与斜撑安装的孔位相同。也即，上述光伏支架将檩条斜撑的连接结构由铰接连接改为通过两个位置的连接孔实现的固接连接，而且使得连接孔的位置在长度方向和高度方向上错开，可以防止檩条变形，不易因重力或风雪压力使得三角支撑结构产生较大的变形，可以保证上部的组件位置准确，安装平直，而且可以防松。因此，上述光伏支架可以特别适用于檩条采用C型钢的情况。
上述光伏支架的零部件数量可以与传统的光伏支架大体相同，整体结构简单、制造和安装简便、成本低、可靠性高。
本公开虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本公开，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本公开的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修改。因此，凡是未脱离本公开技术方案的内容，依据本公开的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化及修饰，均落入本公开权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光伏支架，包括檩条和斜撑，其特征在于，所述斜撑的上端通过两个第一紧固件分别穿连两对连接孔而连接到所述檩条，所述两对连接孔中的每对连接孔包括设置于所述檩条的第一连接孔以及对应地设置于所述斜撑的第二连接孔，所述两对连接孔在所述檩条的高度方向和长度方向上均错开。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述斜撑在所述斜撑的宽度方向上具有宽向中心面；
    所述斜撑上分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第二连接孔分别位于所述宽向中心面的两侧。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述斜撑为相对于所述宽向中心面对称的部件；
    所述斜撑的上端设置有四个连接孔，所述四个连接孔中，相对于所述宽向中心面位于对角侧的两个连接孔分别构成分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第二连接孔。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述四个连接孔的孔心分别构成矩形的四个角点。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述第二连接孔为圆孔；
    所述第一连接孔为条形孔，所述条形孔沿着所述长度方向延伸。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，所述光伏支架包括两个斜撑；
    所述光伏支架还包括檩托，所述檩托的两端分别通过第二紧固件穿连对穿孔而连接所述两个斜撑的下端，所述对穿孔包括设置于所述檩托的第一穿孔以及对应地设置于所述斜撑的第二穿孔。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述檩托的一端通过两个第二紧固件分别穿连两组对穿孔而连接对应斜撑的下端。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述斜撑在所述斜撑的宽度方向上具有宽向中心面；
    所述两组对穿孔的孔心均位于所述宽向中心面。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述第二穿孔为圆孔；
    所述第一穿孔为条形孔，所述条形孔沿着所述长度方向延伸。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的光伏支架，其特征在于，
    所述檩条在所述高度方向上具有高度中心面；
    所述檩条上分属于所述两对连接孔的两个所述第一连接孔分别位于所述高度中心面的两侧。
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