WO2023214306A1 - Method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles, and corresponding system - Google Patents

Method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles, and corresponding system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023214306A1
WO2023214306A1 PCT/IB2023/054558 IB2023054558W WO2023214306A1 WO 2023214306 A1 WO2023214306 A1 WO 2023214306A1 IB 2023054558 W IB2023054558 W IB 2023054558W WO 2023214306 A1 WO2023214306 A1 WO 2023214306A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
processing unit
vehicles
motor vehicles
electronic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/054558
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco Zanzola
Marina GIORDANINO
Original Assignee
C.R.F. Società Consortile Per Azioni
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Publication of WO2023214306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023214306A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
    • G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
    • G08G1/0133—Traffic data processing for classifying traffic situation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G08G1/0141—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
    • G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
    • G08G1/0145—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for active traffic flow control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096716—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096725—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information generates an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/096741—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where the source of the transmitted information selects which information to transmit to each vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096775—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
    • G08G1/096811—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed offboard
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/096833—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route
    • G08G1/096844—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route where the complete route is dynamically recomputed based on new data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/20—Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the field of passengertransport vehicles and more in particular regards a system and a method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles.
  • the solution described in the aforesaid document provides a method for monitoring the state of road traffic, determining three different traffic states - a situation without traffic, low-speed traffic flow, and road congestion with vehicles stationary.
  • the monitoring system is moreover configured for detecting steps of transition between the states defined previously.
  • the present invention stems from the desire to implement an automated method and a corresponding system for monitoring road traffic, which can supply to the various vehicles information in this regard.
  • the object of the present invention is hence to propose a system and a corresponding method that will implement a simple communication process that is reliable and effective for supplying information to the vehicles involved in the road traffic.
  • a further object of the invention is to propose a system and a corresponding method that will be able to provide various solutions that will facilitate identification of a traffic condition, for example due to a dangerous natural event that occurs in the vicinity of the congested road network.
  • a further object of the invention is to implement the aforesaid system with relatively simple means, without significantly affecting the costs of development and production of motor vehicles.
  • Yet a further object of the invention is to implement a system of the type referred to above that will present good high characteristics of flexibility, in terms of ready adaptability to different motor-vehicle architectures.
  • the subject of the invention is a method and a system according to the annexed claims 1 and 10.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view that illustrates a condition of road traffic
  • FIG. 1 B illustrates a vehicle with some characteristics of the system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view that illustrates the general architecture of the system, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart that illustrates some steps of the method implemented according to the invention.
  • a system configured for monitoring road traffic, processing the corresponding causes, and sending information to a plurality of motor vehicles V that are travelling in a road network of interest.
  • the present invention finds application in particular in the context of dangerous natural events, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, or tornados, which may occur in the proximity of a road network, causing a condition of intense traffic in which the motor vehicles V are involved, as well as a condition of potential danger for the passengers.
  • dangerous natural events such as earthquakes, fires, floods, or tornados
  • the present invention not only regards a system provided for determining automatically onset of a condition of intense traffic, but also for identifying the causes that underlie onset of the road-traffic condition, as well as providing information to the motor vehicles for the safety of the passengers who are involved in the area concerned by the dangerous natural event.
  • the system 1 comprises at least one opto-electronic vision device 2 set on board each motor vehicle V that constitutes a fleet of motor vehicles V, which is configured to acquire in real time events that occur outside the motor vehicle, thus making available a plurality of input data.
  • the opto-electronic vision device 2 is a video camera mounted in a front portion of the motor vehicle V, for example in the area of the windscreen, so as to film the space outside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle V.
  • the vision device 2 is a video camera already provided on board for performing the lane-keeping assist function and the obstacle-recognition function, located at the height of the rearview mirror.
  • the vehicles V may comprise a satellite-locating device, configured to detect in real time the instantaneous position of the motor vehicle V expressed in geographical co-ordinates (i.e., by a certain value of latitude and longitude). Also the instantaneous position of the vehicle V is made available to a data network on board the vehicle, such as a CAN (Controller Area Network) or further evolutions thereof.
  • a data network on board the vehicle such as a CAN (Controller Area Network) or further evolutions thereof.
  • the CAN has asserted itself as the main communication channel on board vehicles, and is based upon broadcasting of frames, or messages, to share data between different microcontrollers, managing critical or auxiliary functions, such as cruise control or air conditioning.
  • the CAN, and the corresponding bus are distinguished by their simplicity, the compatibility with real-time application, and the low installation costs.
  • the CAN comprises a CAN bus to which a plurality of CAN-network nodes are connected.
  • the operating modalities of CANs and CAN buses are in themselves known to the person skilled in the sector, as for example specified in the standard ISO 11898-1 , and will hence not be illustrated herein.
  • the system 1 further comprises, on board each motor vehicle V, a data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 configured to transmit and receive a plurality of data and items of information.
  • the unit 3 is operatively connected to the opto-electronic vision device 2 and to a network infrastructure 4, for example a mobile- phone network infrastructure.
  • the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 is configured for transmitting and receiving data to/from a central server and/or other vehicles that are travelling in the same road network.
  • the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 comprises means for using the most common communication protocols and means for use of different communication channels, such as Wi-Fi means, the mobile-phone network, the 4G, 5G, or 6G network, etc.
  • the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 may comprise a GPS (Global Positioning System) module 3’ for reception of a GPS signal of the motor vehicle V.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the system 1 further comprises an electronic processing unit 5 associated to the network infrastructure 4 and provided in a remote position with respect to the motor vehicles V.
  • the network infrastructure 4 i.e., the communication network, comprises a set of physical or logic connections and of electronic apparatuses that enable transmission and reception of signals between the motor vehicle V and the remote processing units 5, which are hence constantly in contact with one another.
  • the network may, for example, be represented by a telecommunications network of a cellular type, a satellite type, a Wi-Fi type, an Internet type, or the like or by a combination thereof.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process input data received by the motor vehicles V on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is an electronic apparatus equipped with means for storage of data and processing means, such as a processor, for management of data. More in particular, the electronic processing unit 5 is equipped with circuitry suited for carrying out software instructions. According to a concrete example of embodiment, the electronic processing unit 5 is operatively connected to the data network on board the motor vehicle V, to the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3, to the vision device 2, and to the network infrastructure 4. Moreover, the electronic processing unit 5 is equipped with means for receiving data coming from the network 4 and from the vehicles V, in particular from the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 and from the opto-electronic vision devices 2 (equipped with internal microprocessor) or from other electronic devices.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process a plurality of position messages sent by different motor vehicles V in order to detect automatically onset of a condition of road congestion in a given area of a road network.
  • the position messages identifying the position co-ordinates of the motor vehicles V, are sent by each motor vehicle by means of the data- transmission and data-reception unit 3.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed for sending a plurality of command messages to the motor vehicles V concerned regarding activation of the opto-electronic vision devices 2 in order to start automatically a data-acquisition step on board the motor vehicles V.
  • the optoelectronic vision devices 2 are automatically activated to start a data- acquisition step on board the motor vehicles V.
  • the data acquired by means of the vision devices 2 are transmitted by the vehicles V to the electronic processing unit 5 to enable automatic processing of these data.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process the data acquired on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms in order to supply a plurality of classified items of information regarding the causes of the road-traffic condition, in particular recognizing automatically a dangerous natural event that has occurred in the proximity of the road network of interest.
  • the automatic-learning algorithms exploit machine-learning techniques to define a plurality of objective classified items of information regarding the causes of onset of the roadtraffic condition.
  • automated-learning algorithms is meant a particular branch of computer technology and artificial intelligence that comprises automated algorithms that enable performance of given tasks, improving, via successive processing operations, the processing capacity, the classified response information, and its precision.
  • the above classified information - for example, obtained by processing the videos filmed by the cameras - comprise the type of natural event, the area concerned, and the level of danger of the natural event. More in particular, the objective classified information defines a multitude of items of information useful to the vehicles V, for the safety of the passengers and for facilitating clearing of the traffic condition.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 is configured to send to each vehicle V of the fleet concerned at least one item of information in response to the aforesaid processing so as to supply an alarm message to the drivers of the vehicles V of the fleet and/or set operations of automatic manoeuvres if the vehicles are of the autonomous-driving type.
  • the alarm message may comprise information regarding the type of event that has occurred and has caused the road-traffic condition and the area concerned by the event.
  • a control unit of the vehicle V processes warning messages aimed at inviting the occupant to take control of the vehicle V in manualdriving mode.
  • the system 1 is configured for calculating automatically in real time an alternative route personalized for each motor vehicle V, on the basis of the position coordinates of each motor vehicle V, so as to move the vehicles V away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event identified.
  • the method implemented comprises the step of sending to the electronic processing unit 5 telemetry messages identifying readings of dynamic parameters of a motor vehicle V, amongst which readings of the external temperature and/or of the speed of the wheels and/or of the displacement of the suspensions. These data can be sent by the vehicles V to the processing unit 5 so as to integrate the video sessions acquired with further data useful for processing.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 comprises a first artificialintelligence engine 6 configured to carry out the step of processing a plurality of position messages sent by different motor vehicles V to detect automatically onset of a condition of road congestion in a given area of a road network.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 further comprises a second artificial-intelligence engine 7 configured to receive a plurality of input data acquired on a number of motor vehicles V and automatically process the data on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms in order to determine the causes of the traffic condition.
  • the electronic processing unit 5 further comprises a third artificial-intelligence engine 8 configured to carry out the step of calculating automatically in real time an alternative personalized route for each motor vehicle V, on the basis of the position co-ordinates of each motor vehicle V, so as to move the motor vehicles V away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event.
  • a third artificial-intelligence engine 8 configured to carry out the step of calculating automatically in real time an alternative personalized route for each motor vehicle V, on the basis of the position co-ordinates of each motor vehicle V, so as to move the motor vehicles V away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event.
  • the system 1 is based upon different aspects of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication, which enables the vehicles V to interact with one another both in a long-range way, by means of the network infrastructure 4, and directly, exploiting a communication channel dedicated for the communications that are to be sent with low latency so as to provide a communication system characterized by the timeliness with which the short-to-medium-range transmission of information is made.
  • V2X Vehicle-to-Everything
  • the network infrastructure 4 and the electronic processing unit 5 comprise servers close to the vehicles (Edge/MEC) for processing of the images of the videos acquired to extract the useful information and more in general transmit/receive a plurality of communication messages.
  • edge computing is meant a decentralized communication architecture based upon cloud that processes information as close as possible to the users (of the vehicles V), creating communications characterized by particularly reduced response times (in the region of 10 ms).
  • MEC Multi-Access Edge Computing
  • ETSI European Telecommunications Standard Institute
  • the electronic processing unit 5 based upon MEC technology, comprises an electronic communication module 9 configured to exchange communication messages (with sending of data) between vehicles V and the outside world, and translate messages from the formal messaging protocol of the sender to the formal messaging protocol of the recipient.
  • the messages exchanged by means of the system 1 must be reliable and safe, moreover guaranteeing anonymity.
  • the system 1 comprises communication protocols with exchange of data through algorithms that are able to guarantee the requirements referred to above.
  • the communication sessions for carrying out data exchange are associated to a temporary blockchain.
  • blockchain is meant a data structure defined as a digital register, the items of which are grouped together into blocks concatenated in chronological order, the integrity of which is guaranteed by the use of encryption.
  • blockchain technology is spreading in numerous fields of application, providing new responses to a wide range of needs of firms, organizations, and consumers. The contents of the blocks, once written via regulated processes, can no longer either be modified or eliminated.
  • a blockchain is an open and distributed digital register, available to all the nodes of a network, which is able to store records of data in a safe, verifiable, and permanent way.
  • the unchangeability of the register, the transparency, the safety based upon encryption techniques, and the traceability of the data are the main characteristics of blockchain technology, which at a functional level enables management of a database at a distributed level.
  • the communication method implemented in the system 1 according to the invention hence applies blockchain technology, widely known in the cryptocurrency sector.
  • blockchain technology is already used in different contexts, such as in relation to the supply chain, i.e., for tracking and documenting the chains of supply of components/materials that are at the basis of motor-vehicle production.
  • the vehicles V are participants in the blockchain, i.e., the nodes of the network, and the communication messages/data are the blocks of the blockchain.
  • each element present in the distributed register defined by the blockchain is traceable so that it is possible to track the exact origin.
  • the blockchain hence enables a traceability in real time of the information present in the register, thus coordinating data exchange between the various nodes of the network.
  • the algorithms at the basis of data exchange are akin to a computer protocol of the smart-contract type, provided for reading/writing data blocks.
  • smart contract is meant a program for processor that is executed in nodes of a blockchain. The corresponding details are not illustrated herein in so far as smart contracts are widely used in relation to blockchains and are hence known to persons skilled in the sector.
  • the system 1 hence implements a communication protocol based upon temporary blockchains, enabling creation, co-ordination, and synchronization of a complex distributed database, constituted by blocks containing the data exchanged between the nodes of the network (vehicles V and external infrastructures).
  • the data are stored in blocks, connected together in a chain via a hash, i.e. , a function that converts alphanumeric characters into a new encrypted sequence of a pre-set length.
  • Each block possesses an identifier hash value.
  • the hash is able to map a numeric or text string into a single and unique string of a given length. In this way, thanks to the hash, it is possible to identify each block in a unique and secure way.
  • the blockchains can be with controlled access or else freely accessible to all the users of the network.
  • the messages exchanged comprise a sequence of bytes in binary code, where the first digit is different according to whether the message is a broadcast message or a private message.
  • a private message prior to the message block, a procedure of random identification of the recipient of the message is carried out, which is different at each communication session.
  • the first byte has value 1 (public message)
  • the message is acquired and read by all the users, without any need to encrypt it.
  • each user carries out an automatic verification of whether the message is addressed to the vehicle in question.
  • the vehicle in question possesses the private key for decrypting the message; otherwise, the message is ignored.
  • the messages exchanged comprise the signature data in order to certify the identity of the sender. To verify the signature, the users must know a public key sent by the sender of the message.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart that shows the main steps of the method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the communication module 9 receives a plurality of position messages from the fleet of motor vehicles V (reference 10);
  • the communication module 9 forwards the position messages to the first artificial-intelligence engine 6 for detection of a traffic condition (reference 11 );
  • the first artificial-intelligence engine 6 processes the data and detects a situation of traffic in a given road network (reference 12);
  • the communication module 9 sends an activation message to different motor vehicles V in order to activate the vision devices 2 so as to acquire an image/video sequence (reference 13);
  • the motor vehicles V activate the respective opto-electronic vision device 2 to start the data-acquisition step (reference 14);
  • the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 receives the data filmed by the vision devices 2 (reference 15);
  • the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 processes the data and detects an emergency condition and corresponding objective parameters (reference 16);
  • the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 sends the aforesaid parameters to the communication module 9 (reference 17);
  • the communication module 9 forwards warning messages to the vehicles V (reference 18);
  • the communication module 9 informs the third artificial-intelligence engine 8 for carrying out calculation of an alternative route for the vehicles V concerned (reference 19);
  • the third artificial-intelligence engine 8 suggests the new route for each motor vehicle V to the communication module 9 (reference 20).
  • the communication module 9 forwards the respective suggested route to the various motor vehicles V (reference 21 ).

Abstract

Described herein is a method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a fleet of motor vehicles (V); the method comprises: - providing on board each vehicle (V) an opto-electronic vision device (2) configured to acquire events that occur outside the motor vehicle (V) so as to make available a plurality of input data; - providing on board each vehicle (V) a data-transmission and data- reception unit (3) connected to an external network infrastructure (4); and - providing an electronic processing unit (5) external to the motor vehicles (V), which is associated to said network infrastructure (4) and is configured and programmed to process the input data, wherein communication sessions with sending of data between the electronic processing unit (5) and the motor vehicles (V) are associated to blockchains that define a distributed database comprising blocks of exchanged data.

Description

“Method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles, and corresponding system”
****
TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION
Field of the invention and prior art
The present invention relates in general to the field of passengertransport vehicles and more in particular regards a system and a method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles.
In the field of vehicle systems provided for monitoring road traffic, various solutions have been studied and proposed, amongst which the one described in the document US 6 587 779 B1. The solution described in the aforesaid document provides a method for monitoring the state of road traffic, determining three different traffic states - a situation without traffic, low-speed traffic flow, and road congestion with vehicles stationary. The monitoring system is moreover configured for detecting steps of transition between the states defined previously.
The present invention stems from the desire to implement an automated method and a corresponding system for monitoring road traffic, which can supply to the various vehicles information in this regard.
Object of the invention
The object of the present invention is hence to propose a system and a corresponding method that will implement a simple communication process that is reliable and effective for supplying information to the vehicles involved in the road traffic.
A further object of the invention is to propose a system and a corresponding method that will be able to provide various solutions that will facilitate identification of a traffic condition, for example due to a dangerous natural event that occurs in the vicinity of the congested road network.
A further object of the invention is to implement the aforesaid system with relatively simple means, without significantly affecting the costs of development and production of motor vehicles.
Yet a further object of the invention is to implement a system of the type referred to above that will present good high characteristics of flexibility, in terms of ready adaptability to different motor-vehicle architectures.
Summary of the invention
With a view to achieving one or more of the aforesaid objects, the subject of the invention is a method and a system according to the annexed claims 1 and 10.
Further characteristics of the invention are referred to in the annexed dependent claims and in the ensuing description.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are provided purely by way of non-limiting example and in which:
- Figure 1A is a perspective view that illustrates a condition of road traffic;
- Figure 1 B illustrates a vehicle with some characteristics of the system according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a schematic view that illustrates the general architecture of the system, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; and
- Figure 3 is a flowchart that illustrates some steps of the method implemented according to the invention.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
In the annexed drawings, designated as a whole by the reference 1 is a system configured for monitoring road traffic, processing the corresponding causes, and sending information to a plurality of motor vehicles V that are travelling in a road network of interest.
An architecture provided by way of example of the system 1 that is the subject of the present invention is summarized schematically in Figure The present invention finds application in particular in the context of dangerous natural events, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, or tornados, which may occur in the proximity of a road network, causing a condition of intense traffic in which the motor vehicles V are involved, as well as a condition of potential danger for the passengers. In this context, the present invention not only regards a system provided for determining automatically onset of a condition of intense traffic, but also for identifying the causes that underlie onset of the road-traffic condition, as well as providing information to the motor vehicles for the safety of the passengers who are involved in the area concerned by the dangerous natural event.
According to a first characteristic of the invention, illustrated in Figures 1 B-2, the system 1 comprises at least one opto-electronic vision device 2 set on board each motor vehicle V that constitutes a fleet of motor vehicles V, which is configured to acquire in real time events that occur outside the motor vehicle, thus making available a plurality of input data. In one or more embodiments, the opto-electronic vision device 2 is a video camera mounted in a front portion of the motor vehicle V, for example in the area of the windscreen, so as to film the space outside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle V. In other embodiments, the vision device 2 is a video camera already provided on board for performing the lane-keeping assist function and the obstacle-recognition function, located at the height of the rearview mirror.
The vehicles V may comprise a satellite-locating device, configured to detect in real time the instantaneous position of the motor vehicle V expressed in geographical co-ordinates (i.e., by a certain value of latitude and longitude). Also the instantaneous position of the vehicle V is made available to a data network on board the vehicle, such as a CAN (Controller Area Network) or further evolutions thereof. The CAN has asserted itself as the main communication channel on board vehicles, and is based upon broadcasting of frames, or messages, to share data between different microcontrollers, managing critical or auxiliary functions, such as cruise control or air conditioning. The CAN, and the corresponding bus, are distinguished by their simplicity, the compatibility with real-time application, and the low installation costs. The CAN comprises a CAN bus to which a plurality of CAN-network nodes are connected. The operating modalities of CANs and CAN buses are in themselves known to the person skilled in the sector, as for example specified in the standard ISO 11898-1 , and will hence not be illustrated herein.
According to the invention, the system 1 further comprises, on board each motor vehicle V, a data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 configured to transmit and receive a plurality of data and items of information. The unit 3 is operatively connected to the opto-electronic vision device 2 and to a network infrastructure 4, for example a mobile- phone network infrastructure. The data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 is configured for transmitting and receiving data to/from a central server and/or other vehicles that are travelling in the same road network. In one or more embodiments, the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 comprises means for using the most common communication protocols and means for use of different communication channels, such as Wi-Fi means, the mobile-phone network, the 4G, 5G, or 6G network, etc. Moreover, the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 may comprise a GPS (Global Positioning System) module 3’ for reception of a GPS signal of the motor vehicle V.
As illustrated in Figures 1 B and 2, the system 1 according to the present invention further comprises an electronic processing unit 5 associated to the network infrastructure 4 and provided in a remote position with respect to the motor vehicles V. The network infrastructure 4, i.e., the communication network, comprises a set of physical or logic connections and of electronic apparatuses that enable transmission and reception of signals between the motor vehicle V and the remote processing units 5, which are hence constantly in contact with one another. The network may, for example, be represented by a telecommunications network of a cellular type, a satellite type, a Wi-Fi type, an Internet type, or the like or by a combination thereof.
The electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process input data received by the motor vehicles V on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms.
In one or more embodiments, the electronic processing unit 5 is an electronic apparatus equipped with means for storage of data and processing means, such as a processor, for management of data. More in particular, the electronic processing unit 5 is equipped with circuitry suited for carrying out software instructions. According to a concrete example of embodiment, the electronic processing unit 5 is operatively connected to the data network on board the motor vehicle V, to the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3, to the vision device 2, and to the network infrastructure 4. Moreover, the electronic processing unit 5 is equipped with means for receiving data coming from the network 4 and from the vehicles V, in particular from the data-transmission and data-reception unit 3 and from the opto-electronic vision devices 2 (equipped with internal microprocessor) or from other electronic devices.
According to the invention, the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process a plurality of position messages sent by different motor vehicles V in order to detect automatically onset of a condition of road congestion in a given area of a road network. The position messages, identifying the position co-ordinates of the motor vehicles V, are sent by each motor vehicle by means of the data- transmission and data-reception unit 3. By processing the aforesaid position messages and following upon detection of the traffic condition, the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed for sending a plurality of command messages to the motor vehicles V concerned regarding activation of the opto-electronic vision devices 2 in order to start automatically a data-acquisition step on board the motor vehicles V. Following upon reception of these command messages, the optoelectronic vision devices 2 are automatically activated to start a data- acquisition step on board the motor vehicles V.
According to the invention, the data acquired by means of the vision devices 2 (for example, a plurality of video sessions with a number of viewing angles that display different areas of the road network of interest) are transmitted by the vehicles V to the electronic processing unit 5 to enable automatic processing of these data. In one or more embodiments, the electronic processing unit 5 is configured and programmed to process the data acquired on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms in order to supply a plurality of classified items of information regarding the causes of the road-traffic condition, in particular recognizing automatically a dangerous natural event that has occurred in the proximity of the road network of interest.
In one or more embodiments, the automatic-learning algorithms exploit machine-learning techniques to define a plurality of objective classified items of information regarding the causes of onset of the roadtraffic condition. By the expression “automatic-learning algorithms” is meant a particular branch of computer technology and artificial intelligence that comprises automated algorithms that enable performance of given tasks, improving, via successive processing operations, the processing capacity, the classified response information, and its precision.
In one or more embodiments, the above classified information - for example, obtained by processing the videos filmed by the cameras - comprise the type of natural event, the area concerned, and the level of danger of the natural event. More in particular, the objective classified information defines a multitude of items of information useful to the vehicles V, for the safety of the passengers and for facilitating clearing of the traffic condition.
Following upon the processing performed, the electronic processing unit 5 is configured to send to each vehicle V of the fleet concerned at least one item of information in response to the aforesaid processing so as to supply an alarm message to the drivers of the vehicles V of the fleet and/or set operations of automatic manoeuvres if the vehicles are of the autonomous-driving type. Purely by way of example, the alarm message may comprise information regarding the type of event that has occurred and has caused the road-traffic condition and the area concerned by the event. Once again by way of example, in the case of autonomous-driving vehicles V, a control unit of the vehicle V processes warning messages aimed at inviting the occupant to take control of the vehicle V in manualdriving mode.
According to a further characteristic of the invention, the system 1 is configured for calculating automatically in real time an alternative route personalized for each motor vehicle V, on the basis of the position coordinates of each motor vehicle V, so as to move the vehicles V away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event identified.
In one or more embodiments, the method implemented comprises the step of sending to the electronic processing unit 5 telemetry messages identifying readings of dynamic parameters of a motor vehicle V, amongst which readings of the external temperature and/or of the speed of the wheels and/or of the displacement of the suspensions. These data can be sent by the vehicles V to the processing unit 5 so as to integrate the video sessions acquired with further data useful for processing.
According to the general architecture of the system 1 illustrated in Figure 2, the electronic processing unit 5 comprises a first artificialintelligence engine 6 configured to carry out the step of processing a plurality of position messages sent by different motor vehicles V to detect automatically onset of a condition of road congestion in a given area of a road network. The electronic processing unit 5 further comprises a second artificial-intelligence engine 7 configured to receive a plurality of input data acquired on a number of motor vehicles V and automatically process the data on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms in order to determine the causes of the traffic condition. The electronic processing unit 5 further comprises a third artificial-intelligence engine 8 configured to carry out the step of calculating automatically in real time an alternative personalized route for each motor vehicle V, on the basis of the position co-ordinates of each motor vehicle V, so as to move the motor vehicles V away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event.
The system 1 according to the invention is based upon different aspects of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication, which enables the vehicles V to interact with one another both in a long-range way, by means of the network infrastructure 4, and directly, exploiting a communication channel dedicated for the communications that are to be sent with low latency so as to provide a communication system characterized by the timeliness with which the short-to-medium-range transmission of information is made.
To improve the efficiency of the system 1 , in one or more embodiments, the network infrastructure 4 and the electronic processing unit 5 comprise servers close to the vehicles (Edge/MEC) for processing of the images of the videos acquired to extract the useful information and more in general transmit/receive a plurality of communication messages.
It should be noted that by the expression “edge computing” is meant a decentralized communication architecture based upon cloud that processes information as close as possible to the users (of the vehicles V), creating communications characterized by particularly reduced response times (in the region of 10 ms). By the term “MEC” (Multi-Access Edge Computing) is meant a decentralized network architecture, promoted by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standard Institute), with capacity of cloud computing in the proximity of the user, on the edge of the access network. The main advantage is an improvement in the transmission latency.
In one or more embodiments, the electronic processing unit 5, based upon MEC technology, comprises an electronic communication module 9 configured to exchange communication messages (with sending of data) between vehicles V and the outside world, and translate messages from the formal messaging protocol of the sender to the formal messaging protocol of the recipient.
In accordance with requisites necessary for V2X (Vehicle-to- Everything) communication systems, the messages exchanged by means of the system 1 (either broadcast or in private mode) must be reliable and safe, moreover guaranteeing anonymity. On the basis of such requisites, the system 1 comprises communication protocols with exchange of data through algorithms that are able to guarantee the requirements referred to above.
On these bases, in one or more embodiments, the communication sessions for carrying out data exchange are associated to a temporary blockchain.
By the expression “blockchain” is meant a data structure defined as a digital register, the items of which are grouped together into blocks concatenated in chronological order, the integrity of which is guaranteed by the use of encryption. As is known, blockchain technology is spreading in numerous fields of application, providing new responses to a wide range of needs of firms, organizations, and consumers. The contents of the blocks, once written via regulated processes, can no longer either be modified or eliminated. In other words, a blockchain is an open and distributed digital register, available to all the nodes of a network, which is able to store records of data in a safe, verifiable, and permanent way. The unchangeability of the register, the transparency, the safety based upon encryption techniques, and the traceability of the data are the main characteristics of blockchain technology, which at a functional level enables management of a database at a distributed level.
The communication method implemented in the system 1 according to the invention hence applies blockchain technology, widely known in the cryptocurrency sector. In the industrial field, blockchain technology is already used in different contexts, such as in relation to the supply chain, i.e., for tracking and documenting the chains of supply of components/materials that are at the basis of motor-vehicle production.
According to the present invention, the vehicles V are participants in the blockchain, i.e., the nodes of the network, and the communication messages/data are the blocks of the blockchain. It should be noted that each element present in the distributed register defined by the blockchain is traceable so that it is possible to track the exact origin. The blockchain hence enables a traceability in real time of the information present in the register, thus coordinating data exchange between the various nodes of the network.
Thanks to the above characteristics, it is possible to provide an architecture of rapid and certified data exchange between different actors, automatically verifying the identity of the participants connected to the network, as well as the integrity and authenticity of the data exchanged.
In one or more embodiments, the algorithms at the basis of data exchange are akin to a computer protocol of the smart-contract type, provided for reading/writing data blocks. In general, by the expression “smart contract” is meant a program for processor that is executed in nodes of a blockchain. The corresponding details are not illustrated herein in so far as smart contracts are widely used in relation to blockchains and are hence known to persons skilled in the sector.
The system 1 according to the invention hence implements a communication protocol based upon temporary blockchains, enabling creation, co-ordination, and synchronization of a complex distributed database, constituted by blocks containing the data exchanged between the nodes of the network (vehicles V and external infrastructures). According to the invention, the data are stored in blocks, connected together in a chain via a hash, i.e. , a function that converts alphanumeric characters into a new encrypted sequence of a pre-set length. Each block possesses an identifier hash value. The hash is able to map a numeric or text string into a single and unique string of a given length. In this way, thanks to the hash, it is possible to identify each block in a unique and secure way.
According to the invention, the blockchains can be with controlled access or else freely accessible to all the users of the network. In one or more embodiments, the messages exchanged comprise a sequence of bytes in binary code, where the first digit is different according to whether the message is a broadcast message or a private message. In the case of a private message, prior to the message block, a procedure of random identification of the recipient of the message is carried out, which is different at each communication session. In the case where the first byte has value 1 (public message), the message is acquired and read by all the users, without any need to encrypt it. In the case where the message is private (first byte with value 2), each user carries out an automatic verification of whether the message is addressed to the vehicle in question. If it is, the vehicle in question possesses the private key for decrypting the message; otherwise, the message is ignored. Moreover, the messages exchanged comprise the signature data in order to certify the identity of the sender. To verify the signature, the users must know a public key sent by the sender of the message.
Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart that shows the main steps of the method according to an embodiment of the invention. The method comprises the following steps:
- the communication module 9 receives a plurality of position messages from the fleet of motor vehicles V (reference 10);
- the communication module 9 forwards the position messages to the first artificial-intelligence engine 6 for detection of a traffic condition (reference 11 );
- the first artificial-intelligence engine 6 processes the data and detects a situation of traffic in a given road network (reference 12);
- the communication module 9 sends an activation message to different motor vehicles V in order to activate the vision devices 2 so as to acquire an image/video sequence (reference 13);
- the motor vehicles V activate the respective opto-electronic vision device 2 to start the data-acquisition step (reference 14);
- the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 receives the data filmed by the vision devices 2 (reference 15);
- the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 processes the data and detects an emergency condition and corresponding objective parameters (reference 16);
- the second artificial-intelligence engine 7 sends the aforesaid parameters to the communication module 9 (reference 17);
- the communication module 9 forwards warning messages to the vehicles V (reference 18);
- the communication module 9 informs the third artificial-intelligence engine 8 for carrying out calculation of an alternative route for the vehicles V concerned (reference 19);
- the third artificial-intelligence engine 8 suggests the new route for each motor vehicle V to the communication module 9 (reference 20); and
- the communication module 9 forwards the respective suggested route to the various motor vehicles V (reference 21 ).
Of course, without prejudice to the principle of the invention, the details of construction and the embodiments may vary widely with respect to what has been described and illustrated herein purely by way of example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the annexed claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a fleet of motor vehicles (V), comprising:
- providing on board each vehicle (V) of said fleet at least one optoelectronic vision device (2) configured to acquire events that occur outside the motor vehicle (V) so as to make available a plurality of input data;
- providing on board each vehicle (V) of said fleet a data- transmission and data-reception unit (3) connected to an external network infrastructure (4), configured to transmit and receive a plurality of items of information; and
- providing an electronic processing unit (5) external to the motor vehicles (V) of said fleet, which is configured and programmed to process the input data, where said processing unit (5) is associated to said network infrastructure (4) and is operatively connected to said data-transmission and data-reception unit (3), wherein communication sessions with sending of data between the electronic processing unit (5) and the motor vehicles (V) are associated to blockchains that define a distributed database comprising blocks of exchanged data, where the vehicles (V) are users that have access to the blockchain, and the communication messages with sending of data are the blocks of the blockchain.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said blockchains are provided with controlled access or free access and wherein the messages exchanged comprise a sequence of bytes in binary code, where the first digit of the sequence is different according to whether the message is a broadcast message or a private message.
3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, comprising:
- sending (10) to said processing unit (5), by means of said data- transmission and data-reception unit (3), a position message identifying the position co-ordinates of a motor vehicle (V) of the fleet;
- automatically processing (12) a plurality of position messages sent by different motor vehicles (V) in order to determine onset of a condition of road congestion in a given area of a road network;
- activating (14) said opto-electronic vision devices (2) to start a data-acquisition step on board the motor vehicles (V);
- sending (15) to the electronic processing unit (5) said plurality of input data acquired on a number of motor vehicles (V), and automatically processing (16) the data on the basis of automatic-learning algorithms in order to supply a plurality of classified items of information regarding the causes of the road-traffic condition; and
- sending (18) to each motor vehicle (V) of said fleet at least one item of information in response to said automatic processing (16) so as to supply an alarm message to the drivers of the motor vehicles (V) and/or set automatic-manoeuvring operations if the vehicles (V) are autonomous- driving vehicles.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said processing step (16) detects a dangerous natural event that has occurred in the proximity of said road network, such as a fire, tornado, or flood.
5. The method according to claim 4, comprising:
- automatically calculating (20) in real time a personalized alternative route for each motor vehicle (V), on the basis of position coordinates of each motor vehicle (V) sent by means of said data- transmission and data-reception unit (2); and
- sending (21) to each motor vehicle (V) said alternative route to get away from the road congestion and/or from the dangerous natural event.
6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of activating (14) the opto-electronic vision devices (2) is performed automatically following upon reception of an activation message sent to each motor vehicle (V).
7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising sending to the electronic processing unit (5) telemetry messages identifying readings of dynamic parameters of a motor vehicle V, amongst which readings of the external temperature and/or of the speed of the wheels and/or of the displacement of the suspensions so as to integrate the data acquired by the opto-electronic vision devices (2) with further data useful for the processing carried out by said electronic processing unit (5).
8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the network infrastructure (4) and the electronic processing unit (5) comprise servers close to the vehicles (Edge/MEC) for processing the acquired data.
9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electronic processing unit (5) comprises an electronic communication module (9) provided for exchanging communication messages with sending of data between vehicles (V) and central servers and translating messages from the formal messaging protocol of a sender to the formal messaging protocol of a recipient.
10. A system for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a fleet of motor vehicles (V), comprising:
- at least one opto-electronic vision device (2) set on board each vehicle (V) of said fleet and configured to acquire events that occur outside the motor vehicle (V) so as to make available a plurality of input data;
- a data-transmission and data-reception unit (3) provided on board each vehicle (V) of said fleet, connected to an external network infrastructure (4) and configured to transmit and receive a plurality of items of information; and
- an electronic processing unit (5) associated to said network infrastructure (4) and configured and programmed to process the input data, wherein said processing unit (5), said network infrastructure (4), and said data-transmission and data-reception unit (3) are configured and programmed for implementing the method according to any one of the preceding claims.
PCT/IB2023/054558 2022-05-05 2023-05-02 Method for monitoring road traffic and supplying corresponding information to a number of motor vehicles, and corresponding system WO2023214306A1 (en)

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