WO2023202077A1 - 一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统 - Google Patents

一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023202077A1
WO2023202077A1 PCT/CN2022/134751 CN2022134751W WO2023202077A1 WO 2023202077 A1 WO2023202077 A1 WO 2023202077A1 CN 2022134751 W CN2022134751 W CN 2022134751W WO 2023202077 A1 WO2023202077 A1 WO 2023202077A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inverter
switch
circuit
turned
controller
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/134751
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李海涛
聂欢
程林
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Priority to CA3241475A priority Critical patent/CA3241475A1/en
Priority to US18/723,822 priority patent/US20250088144A1/en
Publication of WO2023202077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023202077A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically to a photovoltaic system, an inverter starting method and a photovoltaic storage system.
  • a photovoltaic system includes a switch. When it is necessary to shut off the connection between the photovoltaic panel and the inverter, the switch is operated to disconnect the two.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system.
  • the shutdown device 200 is connected between the photovoltaic panel 100 and the inverter 300 .
  • the connection between the photovoltaic panel 100 and the input end of the inverter 300 needs to be stably and reliably cut off so that the DC side of the inverter 300 is powered off to ensure maintenance. personal safety of personnel.
  • the shutdown device 200 there is no communication between the shutdown device 200 and the inverter 300.
  • the inverter 300 starts, the shutdown device 200 starts; but when the inverter 300 starts, because the inverter 300 has not yet been connected to the grid. , the inverter 300 does not output power, that is, the input current of the inverter 300 is very small or almost 0, and the shutdown device 200 detects that the output current is less than the preset value and will shut down, so that the input terminal of the inverter 300 There is no voltage, causing the inverter 300 to fail to start successfully.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic system, an inverter starting method and a photovoltaic storage system, which can successfully start the inverter when a breaker is provided.
  • This application provides a photovoltaic system, including: a switch, a controller and an inverter; the inverter includes a DC circuit and an inverter circuit; the DC circuit at least includes a Boost circuit;
  • the input end of the shutdown device is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel, the output end of the shutdown device is connected to the input end of the DC circuit, and the output end of the DC circuit is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit. ;
  • the controller is configured to control the inverter into multiple stages when the start-up time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the shutdown device when the inverter is started. Complete the startup process; each stage corresponds to the switch being awakened and turned on once.
  • the multiple stages include at least: an insulation resistance detection stage, a relay detection stage, and an inverter open-loop self-test stage; the relay is connected to the output end of the inverter;
  • the controller is also configured to re-control the inverter to start the multiple stages when at least one of the multiple stages fails to start.
  • the controller is specifically configured to wake up the switch to turn on when the inverter is started, and turn off the switch after the conduction maintenance time; the controller wakes up again.
  • the switch is turned on. After the switch is turned on, the controller is used to detect insulation resistance.
  • the switch is turned off after the controller completes the insulation resistance detection, the controller wakes up the switch again, and after the switch is turned on, the relay self-test is performed.
  • the switch is turned off after the controller completes the relay self-test, and the controller reawakens the switch. After the switch is turned on, the controller is used to perform The inverter power self-test is also used to control the relay to close after the inverter power self-test is completed.
  • the shutdown device is specifically configured to detect the output current of the shutdown device, and shut down when the output current is less than a preset current value.
  • the input end of the inverter circuit is connected to at least one of the Boost circuits.
  • the photovoltaic system includes: a shutdown device, a controller and an inverter; the inverter includes a DC circuit and an inverter circuit; the DC circuit It includes at least two Boost circuits; the input end of the switch is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel, the output end of the switch is connected to the input end of the DC circuit; the output end of the DC circuit is connected to The input terminal of the inverter circuit;
  • the method includes:
  • the start-up time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the switch, and the inverter is controlled to complete the start-up process in multiple stages;
  • Each stage corresponds to the switch being awakened and turned on once.
  • the multiple stages include at least: an insulation resistance detection stage, a relay detection stage, and an inverter open-loop self-test stage; the relay is connected to the output end of the inverter;
  • the method also includes: re-controlling the inverter to start the multiple stages when at least one of the multiple stages fails to start.
  • the insulation resistance is detected, specifically including:
  • the switch When the inverter is started, the switch is awakened to turn on, and the switch is turned off after a delay time is set; the controller wakes up the switch again to turn on, and the switch is turned on. After conduction, the controller is used to detect insulation resistance.
  • the bus voltage is established, specifically including:
  • the switch is re-awakened. After the switch is turned on, the relay self-test is performed.
  • the inverter when the switch is awakened and turned on, the inverter performs power self-test, specifically including:
  • the controller Reawakening the shutdown device, after the shutdown device is turned on, the controller is used to perform the inverter power self-test, and is also used to control the closing of the relay after the inverter power self-test is completed. .
  • This application also provides an optical storage system, including: a switch, a controller, a first DCDC circuit, a second DCDC circuit and an inverter circuit; the first DCDC circuit at least includes a Boost circuit; wherein, The first direct current DCDC circuit and the inverter circuit are located in an inverter;
  • the input end of the shutdown device is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel, the output end of the shutdown device is connected to the input end of the first DCDC circuit, and the output end of the first DCDC circuit is connected to the inverter circuit.
  • Input terminal; the second DCDC circuit is a bidirectional DCDC circuit, the first terminal of the second DCDC circuit is connected to the input terminal of the inverter circuit, and the second terminal of the second DCDC circuit is used to connect the energy storage battery ;
  • the controller is configured to control the inverter into multiple stages when the start-up time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the shutdown device when the inverter is started. Complete the startup process; each stage corresponds to the switch being awakened and turned on once.
  • the start-up process of the inverter is divided into multiple stages.
  • the start-up time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the switch, and the switch is awakened once in each stage.
  • the breaker that is, the breaker is turned on, so that the voltage is established at the input end of the inverter, thus completing the startup process of the inverter. Since the output end of the inverter is not connected to the grid, during the startup process of the inverter, after the switch is awakened, after a period of time the switch detects that its own parameters meet the shutdown conditions, and the switch will automatically Shut down.
  • the inverter startup process has not been completed, so the shutdown needs to be re-awakened and the cycle continues until the inverter starts successfully. It is of great significance especially when the input end of the inverter is connected to only one photovoltaic string with a shutdown device.
  • different circuit breakers can be controlled to close separately and provide voltage to the input terminal of the inverter in order to complete the startup of the inverter.
  • the inverter will not be able to start successfully using traditional methods.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a shutdown device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of yet another photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of a method for starting an inverter of a photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the voltage between the port of the inverter and the ground needs to be reduced to within 30V within 30 seconds, such as the input voltage of the inverter. Both the output voltage and the output voltage need to drop to within 30V within 30s.
  • the current condition for turning off the circuit breaker is: the controller of the circuit breaker detects that the output voltage of the circuit breaker remains unchanged and the output current is less than the preset current value. If this state lasts for more than 10 seconds, the circuit breaker is controlled to turn off. .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shutdown device.
  • the controller of the switch mainly determines whether to control the switch to turn off based on the input voltage Uin of the switch (as shown in Figure 2 below, that is, the output voltage of the battery panel), the output voltage Uout, the output current Iout and other conditions.
  • the voltage and current on the input side of the inverter (that is, the voltage and current corresponding to the output side of the shutdown device) comply with the requirements of the shutdown device.
  • Shut-off conditions, and the startup time of the inverter is generally more than 30 seconds. Therefore, the shutdown device will shut down early during the startup process of the inverter, causing the inverter to be unable to complete the startup process normally.
  • the starting process of the inverter is divided into multiple stages, and the switch is awakened once in each stage, that is, the switch is turned on. In this way, the voltage is established at the input end of the inverter, thereby completing the starting process of the inverter. Since the output end of the inverter is not connected to the grid, during the startup process of the inverter, after the switch is awakened, after a period of time the switch detects that its own parameters meet the shutdown conditions, and the switch will automatically Shut down.
  • the inverter startup process has not been completed, so the shutdown needs to be re-awakened and the cycle continues until the inverter starts successfully. It is of great significance especially when the input end of the inverter is connected to only one photovoltaic string with a shutdown device.
  • different circuit breakers can be controlled to close separately and provide voltage to the input terminal of the inverter in order to complete the startup of the inverter.
  • the inverter will not be able to start successfully using traditional methods.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced by taking an inverter including two stages as an example, that is, the inverter includes a DCDC circuit and an inverter DCAC circuit 302. Among them, the DC circuit including at least the Boost circuit 301 is taken as an example for introduction.
  • the photovoltaic system includes: a switch 200, a controller 400, a DC circuit and an inverter circuit 302; the DC circuit at least includes a Boost circuit 301;
  • the input terminal of the switch 200 is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel 100, and the output terminal of the switch 200 is connected to the input terminal of the DC circuit; the output terminal of the DC circuit is normally connected to the input terminal of the inverter circuit 302; that is, the Boost circuit The output terminal of 301 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter circuit 302.
  • the controller 400 is used to control the inverter to complete the startup process in multiple stages when the startup time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the shutdown device when the inverter is started; each stage The corresponding switch is awakened and turned on once.
  • the multiple stages include at least an insulation resistance detection stage, a relay detection stage, and an inverter open-loop self-test stage.
  • the inverter needs to go through the following stages from power on to grid connection: input condition judgment (whether the input voltage meets the startup conditions), system setting delay (alarm recovery delay or normal startup delay, etc.), insulation Only through impedance detection, bus voltage establishment (no detection is required at this stage), grid-connected relay self-test, open-loop wave self-test, relay closing and other steps can the grid-connected operation be finally realized.
  • power self-test is also called open-loop self-test, that is, open-loop self-test. It mainly detects whether the energy in the system can support the consumption of the switching tube in the inverter, so that the switching tube can switch normally.
  • the PV voltage rises rapidly. For example, after the PV voltage is maintained for 10 seconds, the PV voltage begins to decrease due to the shutdown of the switch. After it drops below the preset voltage value, the switch is triggered to wake up. It is turned on again and the PV voltage is re-established.
  • this application compresses each stage of the inverter startup process and divides it into several stages. On the one hand, it reasonably compresses the detection and execution time of each step and shortens the total time of the entire startup process.
  • time on the other hand, after each wake-up of the switch, within the single conduction maintenance time of the switch (for example, the default is 10s), part of the start-up steps of the inverter are completed, waiting for the current shutdown of the switch. After the conduction maintenance time is over and the switch is turned off, wake up the switch again and continue to complete the next part of the start-up steps of the inverter. This cycle wakes up the switch several times during the entire startup process of the inverter. Wake up the shutdown to achieve successful start-up of the inverter.
  • the specific number of stages during the startup process of the inverter is not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application. It can be set according to actual needs, as long as each stage can complete the tasks that need to be completed in that stage within the period of time when the shutdown device continues to be turned on. That’s it.
  • controller is also configured to re-control the inverter to start the multiple stages when at least one of the multiple stages fails to start, that is, to restart the inverter.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of shutoffs connected to the input end of the inverter, nor the number of Boost circuits connected to the input end of the inverter.
  • the input end of the inverter is connected to multiple Boost circuits.
  • the circuit is introduced as an example.
  • this application does not specifically limit the number of switch-off devices corresponding to one Boost circuit.
  • One Boost circuit may correspond to one switch-off device, or one Boost circuit may correspond to multiple switch-off devices.
  • one Boost circuit corresponds to one shutdown device.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the input terminal of the inverter circuit 302 is connected to two Boost circuits as an example for introduction.
  • the input end of the first shutdown device 201 is used to connect to the first photovoltaic panel 101.
  • the output end of the first shutdown device 201 is connected to the input end of the first Boost circuit 301a.
  • the output end of the first Boost circuit 301a is connected to the inverter circuit. 302 input.
  • the input terminal of the second switch 202 is connected to the second photovoltaic panel 102
  • the output terminal of the second switch 202 is connected to the input terminal of the second Boost circuit 301b
  • the output terminal of the second Boost circuit 301b is connected to The input terminal of the inverter circuit 302, that is, the output terminal of the first Boost circuit 301a and the output terminal of the second Boost circuit 301b are connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of yet another photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • one Boost circuit in the photovoltaic system corresponds to multiple shutdown devices.
  • the inverter 300 in FIG. 5 includes a Boost circuit and an inverter circuit 302.
  • the input terminal of the inverter circuit 302 includes two Boost circuits as an example.
  • the input terminal of the first Boost circuit is connected to the switch 1, the switch 2 and the switch N, that is, the output terminal of the switch 1, the output terminal of the switch 2 and the output terminal of the switch N are connected in series. at the input of the first Boost circuit.
  • the input terminal of switch 1 is connected to the first photovoltaic panel PV1
  • the input terminal of switch 2 is connected to the second photovoltaic panel PV2, until the input terminal of switch N is connected to the Nth photovoltaic panel PVN.
  • the input terminal of the second Boost circuit is connected to the switch 11, the switch 12 and the switch 1N, that is, the output terminal of the switch 11, the output terminal of the switch 12 and the output terminal of the switch 1N. After series connection, it is connected to the input end of the second Boost circuit.
  • the input terminal of the switch 11 is connected to the first photovoltaic panel PV11
  • the input terminal of the switch 12 is connected to the first and second photovoltaic panels PV12, until the input terminal of the switch 1N is connected to the first N photovoltaic panel PV1N.
  • the inverter startup solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is applicable to the case where the input end of the inverter includes one photovoltaic string, and is also applicable to the case where the input end of the inverter includes multiple photovoltaic strings.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes an example in which the inverter includes a DCDC circuit and a DCAC circuit connected in series.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application may also be applied to the case where the inverter only includes a DCAC circuit.
  • the controller is specifically used to wake up the switch to turn on when the inverter is started, and turn off the switch after a single conduction maintenance time; the controller wakes up the switch to turn on again, and after the switch is turned on,
  • the controller is used for insulation resistance detection.
  • This time is the delay time set by the photovoltaic system. Since the switch is always judging its own parameters, it determines whether to turn off based on its own parameters. When the delay is set When the time arrives, the switch may have been turned off before the next stage, such as insulation resistance detection, can be performed. Therefore, in order to ensure normal insulation resistance detection, the insulation resistance detection is performed after the switch is awakened next time. Try to complete the insulation resistance test within the continuous conduction time of the switch, for example, within 10 seconds. After the circuit breaker is turned off, continue the next circuit breaker wake-up. Whether the circuit breaker is turned off can be determined by detecting that the PV voltage of the photovoltaic string is less than the preset voltage value. When the PV voltage is less than the preset voltage value, it is judged that the circuit breaker is turned off.
  • the switch is turned off after the controller completes the insulation resistance test, and the controller wakes up the switch again. After the switch is turned on, the controller performs relay self-test; the relay is connected to the output end of the inverter. Only after the relay at the output end of the inverter is closed, the inverter is connected to the AC grid.
  • the bus voltage is established.
  • the relay can be self-tested to determine whether the relay can operate normally, that is, it can be closed and disconnected normally.
  • the switch is turned off after the controller completes the relay self-test, and the controller wakes up the switch again. After the switch is turned on, the controller is used to perform open-loop self-test of the inverter, and is also used to open-loop the inverter. After the self-test is completed, the control relay is closed.
  • the shutdown device is specifically used to detect the output current of the shutdown device and shut down when the output current is less than the preset current value.
  • the shutdown device can also detect other parameters to determine whether to shut down, such as input voltage or output voltage. For example, when the shutdown device detects that the output voltage is basically unchanged and the output current is very small and is less than the preset current value, it will shut down.
  • the photovoltaic system wakes up the shutdown device multiple times during the inverter startup phase. Each time the inverter wakes up, it performs a part of the startup process, thereby completing a part of the startup task at each stage. After multiple wake-ups, The shutdown device allows the inverter to complete all startup processes, thereby enabling the inverter to start successfully.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a method for starting the inverter of the photovoltaic system, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for starting an inverter of a photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment provides a method for starting an inverter of a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic system includes: a switch, a controller and an inverter; the inverter includes a DC circuit and an inverter circuit; the DC circuit includes at least two Boost circuit; the input end of the switch is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel, the output end of the switch is connected to the input end of the DC circuit; the output end of the DC circuit is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit; it should be understood that this application
  • the method provided in the embodiment is also applicable to the case where the input end of the inverter circuit is connected to a Boost circuit. When the input end of the inverter circuit is connected to multiple Boost circuits, the multiple Boost circuits can be turned on and off at the same time.
  • the method includes:
  • insulation resistance detection stage also called relay detection, and inverter power self-test stage.
  • power self-test also called open-loop self-test, mainly detects whether the energy in the system can support the consumption of the switching tube in the inverter, so that the switching tube can switch normally.
  • the method also includes: when at least one of the multiple stages fails to start, re-control the inverter to start the multiple stages, that is, restart from scratch.
  • the insulation resistance is detected, including:
  • the wake-up switch When the inverter starts, the wake-up switch is turned on, and the switch is turned off after a single conduction maintenance time; the controller wakes up the switch again and turns on, and after the switch is turned on, the controller is used to determine the insulation resistance detection.
  • the bus voltage is established, including:
  • the inverter When the switch is awakened and turned on, the inverter performs open-loop self-test, including:
  • the controller After the switch is re-awakened and the switch is turned on, the controller is used to perform open-loop self-test of the inverter, and is also used to control the closing of the relay after the open-loop self-test of the inverter is completed.
  • this application compresses each stage of the inverter startup process and divides it into several stages. On the one hand, it reasonably compresses the detection and execution time of each step and shortens the total time of the entire startup process.
  • time on the other hand, after each wake-up of the switch, within the turn-on maintenance time of the switch (for example, the default is 10s), part of the startup steps of the inverter are completed and wait for the turn-on of the switch. After the maintenance time is over and the switch is turned off, wake up the switch again and continue to complete the next part of the startup steps of the inverter. This cycle wakes up the switch and wakes up the switch multiple times during the entire startup process of the inverter. breaker to achieve successful startup of the inverter.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a photovoltaic storage system, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical storage system includes: a switch 200, a controller 400, a first DCDC circuit 301, a second DCDC circuit 501 and an inverter circuit 302; the first DCDC circuit 301 at least includes Boost Circuit; wherein, the first direct current DCDC circuit 301 and the inverter circuit 302 are located in an inverter;
  • the input end of the shutdown device 200 is used to connect to the photovoltaic panel 100, and the output end of the shutdown device 200 is connected to the input end of the first DCDC circuit 301; the output end of the first DCDC circuit 301 is connected to the The input terminal of the inverter circuit 302; the second DCDC circuit 501 is a bidirectional DCDC circuit, and its function is to control the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery. That is, when the energy storage battery is charged, the second DCDC circuit 501 can convert the electric energy of the DC bus and then transfer it to the energy storage battery 502; when the energy storage battery 502 is discharged, the second DCDC circuit 501 can convert the energy of the energy storage battery 502. and then passed to the DC bus.
  • the first end of the second DCDC circuit 501 is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 302, and the second end of the second DCDC circuit 501 is used to connect the energy storage battery 502;
  • the controller 400 is used to control the inverter to divide into multiple states when the inverter starts up and the start-up time of the inverter is greater than the single conduction maintenance time of the switch 200.
  • the startup process is completed in three stages; each stage corresponds to the switch 200 being awakened and turned on once.
  • this application compresses each stage of the inverter startup process and divides it into several stages. On the one hand, it reasonably compresses the detection and execution time of each step and shortens the total time of the entire startup process.
  • time on the other hand, after each wake-up of the switch, within the turn-on maintenance time of the switch (for example, the default is 10s), part of the startup steps of the inverter are completed and wait for the turn-on of the switch. After the maintenance time is over and the switch is turned off, wake up the switch again and continue to complete the next part of the startup steps of the inverter. This cycle wakes up the switch and wakes up the switch multiple times during the entire startup process of the inverter. breaker to achieve successful startup of the inverter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统，包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；逆变器包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；直流直流电路至少包括Boost电路；关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，关断器的输出端连接直流直流电路的输入端；直流直流电路的输出端连接逆变电路的输入端；控制器，用于在逆变器启动时，逆变器的启机时间大于关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应关断器被唤醒导通一次。在逆变器的启动过程中，关断器被唤醒后，过段时间关断器检测自身参数满足关断条件，则关断器会自行关断。此时逆变器启动过程还未完成，因此，需要重新唤醒关断器，以此循环，直至逆变器成功启动。

Description

一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统
本申请要求于2022年04月20日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202210417009.7、申请名称为“一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光伏发电技术领域，具体涉及一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统。
背景技术
目前，随着光伏发电的发展，光伏系统的安全性也备受关注。一般在光伏系统中包括关断器，在需要关断光伏电池板与逆变器的连接时，操作关断器来实现两者的断开。
参见图1，该图为一种光伏系统的示意图。
关断器200连接在光伏电池板100与逆变器300之间。例如，当光伏系统中逆变器300发生故障需要检修时，需要稳定可靠地切断光伏电池板100与逆变器300的输入端的连接，以使逆变器300的直流侧断电，从而保障检修人员的人身安全。
现有技术，关断器200与逆变器300之间不进行通信，逆变器300进行启动时，关断器200启动；但是逆变器300启动时，由于逆变器300还没有并网，逆变器300不输出功率，即逆变器300的输入电流很小或者几乎为0，而关断器200检测输出电流小于预设值时会进行关断，这样逆变器300的输入端没有电压，致使逆变器300不能成功启动。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种光伏系统、逆变器启动的方法及光储系统，能够在带有关断器时，逆变器成功启动。
本申请提供一种光伏系统，包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；所述逆变器 包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；所述直流直流电路至少包括Boost电路；
所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述关断器的输出端连接所述直流直流电路的输入端；所述直流直流电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；
所述控制器，用于在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
优选地，所述多个阶段至少包括：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测阶段、逆变器开环自检阶段；所述继电器连接在所述逆变器的输出端；
所述控制器，还用于在所述多个阶段中至少一个阶段启动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动。
优选地，所述控制器，具体用于在所述逆变器启动时，唤醒所述关断器导通，所述导通维持时间后所述关断器关断；所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器导通，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
优选地，所述关断器在所述控制器进行完所述绝缘阻抗检测后关断，所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，进行继电器自检。
优选地，所述关断器在所述控制器完成所述继电器自检后关断，所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行所述逆变器功率自检，还用于在所述逆变器功率自检完毕控制所述继电器闭合。
优选地，所述关断器，具体用于检测所述关断器的输出电流，当所述输出电流小于预设电流值时关断。
优选地，所述逆变电路的输入端连接至少一路所述Boost电路。
本申请还提供一种光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法，光伏系统包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；所述逆变器包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；所述直流直流电路至少包括两路Boost电路；所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述 关断器的输出端连接所述直流直流电路的输入端；所述直流直流电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；
该方法包括：
在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；
每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
优选地，所述多个阶段至少包括：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测阶段、逆变器开环自检阶段；所述继电器连接在所述逆变器的输出端；
该方法还包括：在所述多个阶段中至少一个阶段启动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动。
优选地，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，绝缘阻抗检测，具体包括：
在所述逆变器启动时，唤醒所述关断器导通，设定延迟时间后所述关断器关断；所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器导通，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
优选地，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，母线电压建立，具体包括：
重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，进行继电器自检。
优选地，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，所述逆变器功率自检，具体包括：
重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行所述逆变器功率自检，还用于在所述逆变器功率自检完毕控制所述继电器闭合。
本申请还提供一种光储系统，包括：关断器、控制器、第一直流直流DCDC电路、第二DCDC电路和逆变电路；所述第一DCDC电路至少包括Boost电路；其中，所述第一直流直流DCDC电路和所述逆变电路位于逆变器中；
所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述关断器的输出端连接所述第一DCDC电路的输入端；所述第一DCDC电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；所述第二DCDC电路为双向DCDC电路，所述第二DCDC电路的 第一端连接所述逆变电路的输入端，所述第二DCDC电路的第二端用于连接储能电池；
所述控制器，用于在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
由此可见，本申请实施例具有如下有益效果：
为了能够使逆变器正常启动，将逆变器的启动过程分为多个阶段，逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，在每个阶段唤醒一次关断器，即关断器导通，这样逆变器的输入端建立电压，从而完成逆变器的启动过程。由于逆变器的输出端并没并网，因此，在逆变器的启动过程中，关断器被唤醒后，过段时间关断器检测自身参数满足关断条件，则关断器会自行关断。此时逆变器启动过程还未完成，因此，需要重新唤醒关断器，以此循环，直至逆变器成功启动。尤其是对于逆变器的输入端只连接一路带关断器的光伏组串时，具有重要意义。传统中，当逆变器的输入端连接多路关断器时，还可以分别控制不同的关断器闭合，依次为逆变器的输入端提供电压来使逆变器完成启动，但是，当逆变器的输入端只连接一个关断器时，利用传统方式将无法使逆变器成功完成启动。
附图说明
图1为一种光伏系统的示意图；
图2为一种关断器的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种光伏系统的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一种光伏系统的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的再一种光伏系统的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法的流程图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种光储系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请提供的技术方案，下面先介绍具体的应用场景。
本申请实施例提供的光伏系统，为了保证逆变器的安全，需要在关断器关断时，30s内需要将逆变器的端口对地电压下降到30V以内，例如逆变器的输入电压和输出电压均需要在30s内下降到30V以内。
但是，配有关断器的光伏系统中，逆变器和关断器之间无法通信，关断器的关断和导通依赖于关断器自身电压和电流的变化。例如，目前关断器关断的条件为：关断器的控制器检测到关断器的输出电压不变且输出电流小于预设电流值，该状态持续时间超过10s即控制关断器关断。
参见图2，该图为一种关断器的示意图。
目前关断器的控制器主要根据关断器的输入电压Uin(如下图2所示，即电池板的输出电压)、输出电压Uout、输出电流Iout等条件来判断是否控制关断器关断。
但是，逆变器在启机过程中，由于逆变器的输出侧还未连接电网，逆变器的输入侧的电压和电流(即对应关断器输出侧的电压和电流)符合关断器关断的条件，而且逆变器的启机时间一般都会在30s以上，因此，在逆变器的启机过程中关断器会提前关断，导致逆变器无法正常完成启机过程。即在带关断器的光伏系统中，由于逆变器和关断器之间无直接通信，在逆变器正常启机过程中，会触发关断器的关断条件，导致关断器反复掉电，影响逆变器正常启动。
因此，本申请实施例提供的光伏系统，为了能够使逆变器正常启动，将逆变器的启动过程分为多个阶段，在每个阶段唤醒一次关断器，即关断器导通，这样逆变器的输入端建立电压，从而完成逆变器的启动过程。由于逆变器的输出端并没并网，因此，在逆变器的启动过程中，关断器被唤醒后，过段时间关断器检测自身参数满足关断条件，则关断器会自行关断。此时逆变器启动过程 还未完成，因此，需要重新唤醒关断器，以此循环，直至逆变器成功启动。尤其是对于逆变器的输入端只连接一路带关断器的光伏组串时，具有重要意义。传统中，当逆变器的输入端连接多路关断器时，还可以分别控制不同的关断器闭合，依次为逆变器的输入端提供电压来使逆变器完成启动，但是，当逆变器的输入端只连接一个关断器时，利用传统方式将无法使逆变器成功完成启动。
光伏系统实施例
下面结合附图对本申请实施例提供的光伏系统进行详细地介绍。
参见图3，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种光伏系统的示意图。
本申请实施例提供的光伏系统，以逆变器包括两级为例进行介绍，即逆变器包括直流直流DCDC电路和逆变DCAC电路302两部分。其中，以直流直流电路至少包括Boost电路301为例进行介绍。
如图3所示，本实施例提供的光伏系统，包括：关断器200、控制器400、直流直流电路和逆变电路302；直流直流电路至少包括Boost电路301；
关断器200的输入端用于连接光伏电池板100，关断器200的输出端连接直流直流电路的输入端；直流直流电路的输出端连正常接逆变电路302的输入端；即Boost电路301的输出端连正常接逆变电路302的输入端。
控制器400，用于在逆变器启动时，逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应关断器被唤醒导通一次。
例如，多个阶段至少包括：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测阶段、逆变器开环自检阶段。
一般逆变器从上电到并网大概需要经过以下几个阶段：输入条件判断(输入电压是否满足启机条件)、系统设定延迟(告警恢复延时或正常启机延时等)、绝缘阻抗检测、母线电压建立(该阶段可以不检测)、并网继电器自检、开环发波自检、继电器闭合等步骤，才能最终实现并网运行。
应该理解，功率自检又称为开环自检，即开环发波自检，主要是检测系统中的能量是否能够支撑逆变器中开关管动作的消耗，使开关管能够正常开关动作。
关断器被唤醒后，PV电压快速上升，例如PV电压维持10s后，由于关断器关断，PV电压开始下降，降低到低于预设电压值后又触发关断器唤醒，关断器又导通，重新建立PV电压。
为了使逆变器完成正常启动，本申请将逆变器启动过程中的各个阶段进行压缩，划分为几个阶段，一方面对各步骤的检测和执行时间进行合理压缩，缩短整个开机流程的总时间，另一方面在每次唤醒关断器后，在关断器的单次导通维持时间内(例如预设为10s)，完成逆变器的一部分启动步骤，等待本次关断器的导通维持时间结束，关断器关断后，再次将关断器唤醒，继续完成逆变器下一部分的启动步骤，如此循环唤醒关断器，通过逆变器的整个启机过程中多次唤醒关断器，从而实现逆变器的成功启动。
本申请实施例中不具体限定逆变器启动过程中划分阶段的具体数量，可以根据实际需要来设置，只要每个阶段可以在关断器持续导通的时间段内完成该阶段需要完成的任务即可。
另外，控制器，还用于在多个阶段中至少一个阶段启动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动，即重新开始进行逆变器启动。
本申请实施例不具体限定逆变器的输入端连接的关断器的数量，也不具体限定逆变器的输入端连接的Boost电路的数量，下面以逆变器的输入端连接多个Boost电路为例进行介绍，另外，本申请也不具体限定一路Boost电路对应的关断器的数量，可以一路Boost电路对应一个关断器，也可以一路Boost电路对应多个关断器。例如，下面的实施例中以一路Boost电路对应一个关断器的情况。
参见图4，该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种光伏系统的示意图。
本实施例中以逆变电路302的输入端连接两个Boost电路为例进行介绍。
第一关断器201的输入端用于连接第一光伏电池板101，第一关断器201的输出端连接第一Boost电路301a的输入端，第一Boost电路301a的输出端连接逆变电路302的输入端。
同理，第二关断器202的输入端用于连接第二光伏电池板102，第二关断器202的输出端连接第二Boost电路301b的输入端，第二Boost电路301b的输出端连接逆变电路302的输入端，即第一Boost电路301a的输出端和第二Boost电路301b的输出端并联在一起。
参见图5，该图为本申请实施例提供的再一种光伏系统的示意图。
图5中以光伏系统中的一路Boost电路对应多个关断器的情况。
图5中的逆变器300包括Boost电路和逆变电路302。图5中继续以逆变电路302的输入端包括两个Boost电路为例。
第一Boost电路的输入端连接关断器1、关断器2直至关断器N，即关断器1的输出端、关断器2的输出端直至关断器N的输出端串联后连接在第一Boost电路的输入端。其中，关断器1的输入端连接第一光伏电池板PV1，关断器2的输入端连接第二光伏电池板PV2，直至关断器N的输入端连接第N光伏电池板PVN。
同理，第二Boost电路的输入端连接关断器11、关断器12直至关断器1N，即关断器11的输出端、关断器12的输出端直至关断器1N的输出端串联后连接在第二Boost电路的输入端。其中，关断器11的输入端连接第一一光伏电池板PV11，关断器12的输入端连接第一二光伏电池板PV12，直至关断器1N的输入端连接第一N光伏电池板PV1N。
本申请实施例提供的逆变器的启动方案适用于逆变器的输入端包括一路光伏组串的情况，也适用于逆变器的输入端包括多路光伏组串的情况。并且本申请实施例中以逆变器包括串联的DCDC电路和DCAC电路为例进行介绍， 另外，本申请实施例提供的技术方案也可以适用于逆变器中仅包括DCAC电路的情况。
下面具体举例说明逆变器启动过程中几个重要阶段的完成过程。
控制器，具体用于在逆变器启动时，唤醒关断器导通，单次导通维持时间后关断器关断；控制器重新唤醒关断器导通，关断器导通后，控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
应该理解，本申请实施例不具体限定设定延迟时间的长短，该时间是光伏系统设定的延迟时间，由于关断器一直在判断自身参数，根据自身参数判断是否关断，当设定延迟时间到达，还没来及进行下一个阶段，例如绝缘阻抗检测，关断器可能已经关断，因此，为了保证正常进行绝缘阻抗检测，待下次唤醒关断器后进行绝缘阻抗检测。尽量在关断器持续导通时间内完成绝缘阻抗检测，例如10s内完成。待关断器关断后，继续进行下一次的关断器唤醒。对于关断器是否关断的检测可以通过检测光伏组串的PV电压小于预设电压值来判断，当PV电压小于预设电压值时，判断关断器关断。
关断器在控制器进行完绝缘阻抗检测后关断，控制器重新唤醒关断器，关断器导通后，控制器，进行继电器自检；继电器连接在逆变器的输出端。只有逆变器输出端的继电器闭合后，逆变器才与交流电网接通。
关断器导通后，母线电压建立，此时可以进行继电器的自检，判断继电器是否可以正常工作，即可以正常的吸合和断开。
关断器在控制器完成继电器自检后关断，控制器重新唤醒关断器，关断器导通后，控制器用于进行逆变器开环自检，还用于在逆变器开环自检完毕控制继电器闭合。
关断器，具体用于检测关断器的输出电流，当输出电流小于预设电流值时关断。另外，关断器也可以检测其他参数来判断是否关断，例如检测输入电压或输出电压。例如关断器检测输出电压基本不变且输出电流很小，小于预设电 流值时，进行关断。
本申请实施例提供的光伏系统，在逆变器启动阶段，多次唤醒关断器，每唤醒一次逆变器，进行一部分启机过程，从而在每个阶段完成一部分启动任务，经过多次唤醒关断器，使逆变器完成所有的启动过程，从而使逆变器成功启动。
方法实施例
基于以上实施例提供的一种光伏系统，本申请实施例还提供一种光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法，下面结合附图进行详细介绍。
参见图6，该图为本申请实施例提供的光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法的流程图。
本实施例提供的光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法，其中，光伏系统包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；逆变器包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；直流直流电路至少包括两路Boost电路；关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，关断器的输出端连接直流直流电路的输入端；直流直流电路的输出端连接逆变电路的输入端；应该理解，本申请实施例提供的方法也适用于逆变电路的输入端连接一路Boost电路的情况。当逆变电路的输入端连接多路Boost电路时，多路Boost电路可以同时导通同时关断。
该方法包括：
S601：在逆变器启动时，逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应关断器被唤醒导通一次；
S602：关断器被唤醒后，进行多个阶段中每个阶段的启动。
依次进行至少以下几个阶段：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测、逆变器功率自检阶段。应该理解，功率自检又称为开环自检，主要是检测系统中的能量是否能够支撑逆变器中开关管动作的消耗，使开关管能够正常开关动作。
另外，需要说明的是，该方法还包括：在所述多个阶段中至少一个阶段启 动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动，即从头开始重新启动。
关断器被唤醒导通时，绝缘阻抗检测，具体包括：
在逆变器启动时，唤醒关断器导通，单次导通维持时间后关断器关断；控制器重新唤醒关断器导通，关断器导通后，控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
关断器被唤醒导通时，母线电压建立，具体包括：
重新唤醒关断器，关断器导通后，母线电压建立；
还包括：进行继电器自检；继电器连接在逆变器的输出端。即将母线电压建立和继电器自检在关断器被同一次唤醒后完成。
关断器被唤醒导通时，逆变器开环自检，具体包括：
重新唤醒关断器，关断器导通后，控制器用于进行逆变器开环自检，还用于在逆变器开环自检完毕控制继电器闭合。
为了使逆变器完成正常启动，本申请将逆变器启动过程中的各个阶段进行压缩，划分为几个阶段，一方面对各步骤的检测和执行时间进行合理压缩，缩短整个开机流程的总时间，另一方面在每次唤醒关断器后，在关断器的导通维持时间内(例如预设为10s)，完成逆变器的一部分启动步骤，等待本次关断器的导通维持时间结束，关断器关断后，再次将关断器唤醒，继续完成逆变器下一部分的启动步骤，如此循环唤醒关断器，通过逆变器的整个启机过程中多次唤醒关断器，从而实现逆变器的成功启动。
光储系统实施例
基于以上实施例提供的一种光伏系统及逆变器启动的方法，本申请实施例还提供一种光储系统，下面结合附图进行详细介绍。
参见图6，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种光储系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的光储系统，包括：关断器200、控制器400、第一直流直流DCDC电路301、第二DCDC电路501和逆变电路302；所述第一DCDC 电路301至少包括Boost电路；其中，所述第一直流直流DCDC电路301和所述逆变电路302位于逆变器中；
所述关断器200的输入端用于连接光伏电池板100，所述关断器200的输出端连接所述第一DCDC电路301的输入端；所述第一DCDC电路301的输出端连接所述逆变电路302的输入端；所述第二DCDC电路501为双向DCDC电路，作用是可以实现为储能电池进行充放电控制。即当储能电池充电时，第二DCDC电路501可以将直流母线的电能变换后传递给储能电池502；当储能电池502放电时，第二DCDC电路501可以将储能电池502的能量变换后传递到直流母线。
所述第二DCDC电路501的第一端连接所述逆变电路302的输入端，所述第二DCDC电路501的第二端用于连接储能电池502；
所述控制器400，用于在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器200的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应所述关断器200被唤醒导通一次。
为了使逆变器完成正常启动，本申请将逆变器启动过程中的各个阶段进行压缩，划分为几个阶段，一方面对各步骤的检测和执行时间进行合理压缩，缩短整个开机流程的总时间，另一方面在每次唤醒关断器后，在关断器的导通维持时间内(例如预设为10s)，完成逆变器的一部分启动步骤，等待本次关断器的导通维持时间结束，关断器关断后，再次将关断器唤醒，继续完成逆变器下一部分的启动步骤，如此循环唤醒关断器，通过逆变器的整个启机过程中多次唤醒关断器，从而实现逆变器的成功启动。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要 符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光伏系统，其特征在于，包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；所述逆变器包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；所述直流直流电路至少包括Boost电路；
    所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述关断器的输出端连接所述直流直流电路的输入端；所述直流直流电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；
    所述控制器，用于在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述多个阶段至少包括：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测阶段、逆变器开环自检阶段；所述继电器连接在所述逆变器的输出端；
    所述控制器，还用于在所述多个阶段中至少一个阶段启动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于在所述逆变器启动时，唤醒所述关断器导通，所述导通维持时间后所述关断器关断；所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器导通，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述关断器在所述控制器进行完所述绝缘阻抗检测后关断，所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，进行继电器自检。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述关断器在所述控制器完成所述继电器自检后关断，所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行所述逆变器功率自检，还用于在所述逆变器功率自检完毕控制所述继电器闭合。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述关断器，具体用于检测所述关断器的输出电流，当所述输出电流小于预设电流值时关断。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的光伏系统，其特征在于，所述逆变电路的输入端连接至少一路所述Boost电路。
  8. 一种光伏系统的逆变器的启动方法，其特征在于，所述光伏系统包括：关断器、控制器和逆变器；所述逆变器包括直流直流电路和逆变电路；所述直流直流电路至少包括两路Boost电路；所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述关断器的输出端连接所述直流直流电路的输入端；所述直流直流电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；
    该方法包括：
    在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；
    每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个阶段至少包括：绝缘阻抗检测阶段、继电器检测阶段、逆变器开环自检阶段；所述继电器连接在所述逆变器的输出端；
    该方法还包括：在所述多个阶段中至少一个阶段启动失败时，重新控制所述逆变器进行所述多个阶段的启动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，绝缘阻抗检测，具体包括：
    在所述逆变器启动时，唤醒所述关断器导通，设定延迟时间后所述关断器关断；所述控制器重新唤醒所述关断器导通，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行绝缘阻抗检测。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，母线电压建立，具体包括：
    重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，进行继电器自检。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述关断器被唤醒导通时，所述逆变器功率自检，具体包括：
    重新唤醒所述关断器，所述关断器导通后，所述控制器用于进行所述逆变器功率自检，还用于在所述逆变器功率自检完毕控制所述继电器闭合。
  13. 一种光储系统，其特征在于，包括：关断器、控制器、第一直流直流DCDC电路、第二DCDC电路和逆变电路；所述第一DCDC电路至少包括Boost电路；其中，所述第一直流直流DCDC电路和所述逆变电路位于逆变器中；
    所述关断器的输入端用于连接光伏电池板，所述关断器的输出端连接所述第一DCDC电路的输入端；所述第一DCDC电路的输出端连接所述逆变电路的输入端；所述第二DCDC电路为双向DCDC电路，所述第二DCDC电路的第一端连接所述逆变电路的输入端，所述第二DCDC电路的第二端用于连接储能电池；
    所述控制器，用于在所述逆变器启动时，所述逆变器的启机时间大于所述关断器的单次导通维持时间，控制所述逆变器分为多个阶段完成启动过程；每个阶段对应所述关断器被唤醒导通一次。
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CN112803485A (zh) * 2021-03-18 2021-05-14 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种光伏快速关断系统及其控制方法
CN113270893A (zh) * 2021-06-22 2021-08-17 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种光伏关断系统控制方法及其应用系统
CN114825435A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种光伏系统、逆变器的启动方法及光储系统

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