WO2023197813A1 - 一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023197813A1
WO2023197813A1 PCT/CN2023/081581 CN2023081581W WO2023197813A1 WO 2023197813 A1 WO2023197813 A1 WO 2023197813A1 CN 2023081581 W CN2023081581 W CN 2023081581W WO 2023197813 A1 WO2023197813 A1 WO 2023197813A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
power
battery module
battery
output
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081581
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王维林
李宏
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Autel Intelligent Technology Corp Ltd
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Autel Intelligent Technology Corp Ltd
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/94—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of battery balancing design, and in particular to a power battery module balancing system and its control method.
  • the inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the above related technologies: the voltage of the units in the battery module is unbalanced, partly due to the deterioration of the battery core performance, resulting in irreversible damage and must be replaced; Partly due to charging habits, long-term high-current charging, the balancing capability of the battery management system (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BMS) has been unable to reduce the growth trend of the voltage difference between cells.
  • BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BMS the balancing capability of the battery management system
  • BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BMS
  • the commonly used solution on the market to solve the above problems is Adding module balancing equipment to the system for adjustment will greatly increase the size and cost of the power battery pack, and usually the module balancing equipment can only achieve the function of balancing control.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a power battery module balancing system and a control method thereof.
  • a power battery module balancing system including: a mains conversion module, connected to the AC mains, configured to output direct current; a strong power management module, and The mains conversion module is connected and configured to adjust the power of the direct current; the output module is connected to the strong power management module and is configured to output the adjusted power; the battery module is connected to the output module.
  • the output terminal is connected and configured to be connected to the output module during charging; the electronic load and/or the power transfer module are respectively connected to the battery module and configured to be connected when the cell voltage of the battery module is unbalanced.
  • a sampling module When connected to the battery module; a sampling module is connected to the battery module and configured to collect battery data of the battery module; a micro control unit is connected to the electronic load and the sampling module respectively, And it is communicatively connected with the high-power management module, and is configured to control the on-off of the electronic load and the on-off of the switch tube in the high-power management module according to the battery data.
  • the mains power conversion module includes: a filtering module connected to the AC mains and configured to purify the AC mains; an AC-DC converter connected to the filtering module and the strong power management between modules, configured to convert the purified AC mains power into direct current power; a DC-DC converter, connected between the AC-DC converter and the micro control unit, configured to convert the direct current power It is a low voltage power supply to power the micro control unit.
  • the strong power management module includes: a power factor correction module connected to the mains conversion module; a power adjustment module connected between the power factor correction module and the output module; microcontroller The controller is respectively connected to the power factor correction module, the power adjustment module and the micro control unit, and is configured to control the power factor correction module and the power adjustment module according to the control instructions issued by the micro control unit. Power conditioning is performed on the direct current.
  • the system further includes: a line switching module, the input end is connected to the battery module through a collection line, and the output end is connected to the sampling module and the electronic load respectively; a resistance measurement unit, connected to the The line switching module is connected as described above.
  • the system further includes: at least two temperature sensors connected to the microcontrol unit, one of the temperature sensors is connected to the battery module, and the other temperature sensor is connected to the battery module. Resistance measuring unit connection.
  • the system further includes: a heat dissipation module connected to the electronic load.
  • the system further includes: a communication module connected to the micro control unit and to a cloud platform, and configured to obtain module parameters of the battery module through the cloud platform.
  • the system further includes: a human-computer interaction module, connected to the micro-control unit and configured to obtain user operations and selections.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a control method for the power battery module balancing system as described in the first aspect.
  • the method includes: connecting to the cloud platform and obtaining the accessed Module parameters of the battery module; determine whether the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold; if so, turn on the electronic load and/or power transfer module to adjust the battery module
  • the voltage difference between each of the power batteries is determined so that the voltage difference is less than the preset voltage difference threshold; charging and discharging work is performed according to the module parameters of the battery module.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is less than a preset voltage difference range; if so, increasing the charge and discharge current of the battery module.
  • the method before determining whether the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is greater than a preset voltage difference threshold, the method further includes: collecting the cells of the battery module through a sampling module. Data; determine whether the battery data, the connection line of the battery module and/or the resistance of the temperature sensor are abnormal, to determine whether the battery module can be charged and discharged normally; if the battery data is abnormal, If there is an abnormality in the connection line and/or the resistance of the temperature sensor does not match, it is determined that the battery module cannot charge and discharge normally; check the abnormal state and repair it so that the battery module reaches the conditions for normal charge and discharge. .
  • determining whether there is an abnormality in the battery data to determine whether the battery module can be charged and discharged normally includes: calculating the average voltage of the battery module through a median method or a statistical distribution method. ; Determine whether the average voltage is within the preset voltage range; if not, connect the battery module and the electronic load, and/or connect the battery module and the power transfer module to shunt The battery module.
  • checking the abnormal status and repairing it so that the battery module reaches normal charging and discharging conditions includes: obtaining the charging and discharging voltage and capacity of each power battery in the battery module; calculating each The maximum deviation value of the charge and discharge voltage of the power battery; determine whether the maximum deviation value is less than the preset deviation value; if so, determine that the consistency of the battery module meets the requirements and output the analysis result; if not, determine the If the consistency of the battery module does not meet the requirements, identify the faulty module and output the analysis results.
  • a power battery module balancing device including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can perform the method according to any one of claims 9-13 .
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to cause the computer to execute The method according to any one of claims 9-13.
  • the system includes a mains conversion module, High power management module, output module, battery module, electronic load, power transfer module, sampling module and micro control unit.
  • This system can connect to the electronics when the sampling module collects the voltage difference of each power battery in the battery module.
  • the load and/or power transfer module achieves balance, and when the voltage difference between each power battery is small, the output power is adjusted for fast charging by adjusting the on and off of the switch tube in the high power management module.
  • the system structure is simple and easy to control.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery module balancing system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another power battery module balancing system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 3(a) is a circuit design diagram during balanced charging of a multi-channel battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 3(b) is a circuit design diagram during balanced charging of a single-channel battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 4 is a circuit design diagram of a multi-channel battery module during dissipative discharge according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a power battery module balancing system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of another control method of a power battery module balancing system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of yet another control method for a power battery module balancing system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic sub-flow diagram of step S620 in the control method shown in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sub-flow diagram of step S640 in the control method shown in FIG. 7 .
  • embodiments of the present application provide a power battery module balancing system and its Control method
  • the system can access the electronic load and/or power transfer module to achieve balancing when the sampling module collects the pressure difference of each power battery in the battery module is large, and when the pressure difference of each power battery is small, it can strengthen the control by adjusting
  • the switching tube in the power management module is turned on and off to adjust the output power for fast charging and discharging.
  • the system has a simple structure and is easy to control.
  • the system can also conduct consistency evaluation of the battery module based on the battery data collected by the sampling module, so as to Provide accurate repair evaluation opinions to users.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a power battery module balancing system.
  • the power battery module balancing system 100 It includes: mains conversion module 110, high power management module 120, output module 130, battery module 140, electronic load 150 and/or power transfer module 160, sampling module 170 and micro control unit MCU.
  • the mains conversion module 110 is connected to the AC mains power and is configured to output direct current.
  • the mains conversion module 110 includes: a filtering module 111, connected to the AC mains power and configured to purify the AC mains power; an AC-DC converter 112, connected to the filtering module 111 and the strong power management unit. Between the modules 120, it is configured to convert the purified alternating current AC into direct current; the DC-DC converter 113 is connected between the AC-DC converter 112 and the micro control unit MCU, and is configured as The direct current is converted into low voltage power to supply power to the micro control unit MCU. Furthermore, the low-voltage power supply in the power battery module balancing system 100 described in the embodiment of the present application can all be provided by the DC-DC converter 113 to provide power for all control parts in the power battery module balancing system 100 .
  • the high power management module 120 is connected to the mains conversion module and is configured to perform power adjustment on the direct current; specifically, please continue to refer to Figure 2.
  • the high power management module 120 includes: a power factor correction module 121 , connected to the mains conversion module 110; the power adjustment module 122, connected between the power factor correction module 121 and the output module 130; the microcontroller MCU1, connected to the power factor correction module 121 and the output module 130, respectively.
  • the power adjustment module 122 is connected to the micro control unit MCU, and is configured to control the power factor correction module 121 and the power adjustment module 122 to control the DC according to the control instructions issued by the micro control unit MCU. Electrical power adjustment.
  • the output module 130 is connected to the high power management module 120 and is configured to output the adjusted power.
  • the output module 130 can provide stable power output to external loads and eliminate ripple, load, etc. on the output. Impact, specifically, its structure, model, etc. can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the battery module 140 is connected to the output end of the output module 130 and is configured to be connected to the output module 130 during charging.
  • the battery module 140 is a combination of batteries or battery packs.
  • the battery module The group 140 may also be provided with a battery management system BMS.
  • the battery management system BMS collects battery data of single cells or battery packs and further sends them to the micro control unit MCU through the collection module 170 .
  • the electronic load 150 is connected to the battery module, and is configured to be connected to the battery module when the cell voltage of the battery module is unbalanced; in some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , the system also includes: a line switching module 151, the input end is connected to the battery module 140 through a collection line, and the output end is connected to the sampling module 170 and the electronic load 150 respectively; a resistance measurement unit 152, connected to the The line switching module 151 is connected. In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIG. 2 , the system further includes: a heat dissipation module 153 connected to the electronic load 150 . Moreover, in the embodiment of the present application, the electronic load 150 is used for balanced charging. The resistance range is programmable and adjustable and the adjustment range is wide. The balanced shunt effect is better and the balancing efficiency is higher.
  • the collection line output from the battery module 140 can be connected to the sampling module 170 and the electronic load 150 after passing through the line switching module 151.
  • the temperature sensor 171 can also be connected to the resistance measurement unit in the sampling module 170.
  • the mains AC input is converted by the AC-DC converter 112 and adjusted by the power factor correction module 121. After conversion by the power adjustment module 122, it is output to the output module 130 to charge the battery module 140.
  • the output current is equal to The power is controlled by the power adjustment module 122 and managed by an independent microcontroller MCU1.
  • the power transfer module 160 is connected to the battery module, and is configured to be connected to the battery module 140 when the cell voltage of the battery module 140 is unbalanced.
  • the discharge method of energy dissipation through the electronic load 150 can be supported; on the other hand, the discharge method of energy transfer through the power transfer module 160 can also be supported, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
  • dissipative discharge or power transfer discharge there are two methods: dissipative discharge or power transfer discharge.
  • the discharge method is controlled by the micro control unit MCU and can be controlled by the human-computer interaction module.
  • the UI interface of 190 is selected or configured by the user. Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the circuit design of the multi-channel battery module 140 when dissipative mode is discharged.
  • the electronic load 150 is connected to the positive and negative circuits, and the electronic load 150 performs power dissipation.
  • the charging output is turned off, and the battery module 140 outputs electric energy to the electronic load 150 or the power transfer module 160 to discharge the battery module 140; when using power transfer type discharge, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , the electric energy is mainly dissipated in the external power component through the power transfer module 160.
  • the external power module can be an energy storage module or a DC-AC module to return the electric energy to the grid.
  • the sampling module 170 is connected to the battery module and configured to collect battery data of the battery module 140.
  • the sampling module 170 may be a collector, where the battery data includes voltage data and temperature data,
  • the sampling module 170 can collect the voltage and temperature of the battery module 140 and transmit the data to the micro control unit MCU to analyze the correctness of the data.
  • flexible voltage acquisition interface configuration is used to support diagnostic detection of battery data such as voltage and temperature in the battery module 140 .
  • the micro control unit MCU can also collect battery data through the sampling module 170 to implement fault detection and diagnosis functions before charging and discharging, and analyze module faults.
  • the system further includes: at least two temperature sensors 171 connected to the micro control unit MCU, and one temperature sensor 171a is connected to the battery module 140, There is another temperature sensor 171b connected to the resistance measurement unit 152 .
  • the micro control unit MCU is connected to the electronic load 150 and the sampling module 170 respectively, and is communicatively connected to the high power management module 120, and is configured to control the on and off of the electronic load 150 according to the battery data. and the switching on and off of the switch tube in the high power management module 120 .
  • the micro-control unit MCU is responsible for the main operating logic and data management of all units, including the control logic and power configuration data of the micro-controller MCU1 for strong power management.
  • Safety monitoring during operation is also managed through the micro control unit MCU monitoring the current, voltage, and temperature of the system.
  • the system further includes: a communication module 180, connected to the micro control unit MCU, And is communicatively connected with the cloud platform 200, and is configured to obtain the module parameters of the battery module 140 through the cloud platform 200.
  • the parameters required for charging and discharging are all stored in the cloud platform, and the micro control unit MCU communicates with the cloud platform through the communication module 180 to obtain operating parameters.
  • the system further includes: a human-computer interaction module 190, connected to the micro control unit MCU, and configured to obtain user operations and selections.
  • the user operates the device through the human-computer interaction module 190.
  • the human-computer interaction module 190 can be a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), a touch panel (TouchPanel, TP), etc., which can realize human-computer interaction.
  • Computer-interactive electronic products specifically, can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the charging circuit is composed of at least the filter module 111, the AC-DC converter 112, the power factor correction module 121 and the output module 130, so
  • the filter module 111 purifies the input AC mains power while preventing the equipment from affecting the power grid.
  • the AC-DC converter 112 converts the input AC power into DC power through rectification and filtering.
  • the power factor correction module 121 Realized by a switching power supply, the output voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the output current demand.
  • the output module 130 provides a stable power output to the external load, eliminating the effects of ripple, load, etc. on the output.
  • This embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a power battery module balancing system as described in Embodiment 1.
  • Figure 5 shows a control method of a power battery module balancing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the flow of the method, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • Step S100 Connect to the cloud platform and obtain the module parameters of the connected battery module
  • the module parameters of each different model of battery module or power battery in the battery module are stored in the cloud platform.
  • the system connects a new battery module or power battery, it reads or identifies the module parameters.
  • the serial number or model of the battery module or power battery is then queried through the cloud platform to query the module parameters of the battery module or power battery to further configure the battery capacity, battery module organizational structure, charge and discharge parameters, etc. data to support more battery types and improve system scalability.
  • the module parameters of the battery module at least include cell material, organizational structure, capacity, charge and discharge parameters, etc., and these data are stored in the cloud platform and can be determined by the car brand Make, car model Model, battery type and/or Or indexed by keywords composed of module type, or indexed by module code, the user selects parameters according to the model being repaired, or queries the parameters of the battery module according to the code on the battery module, among which the maximum voltage of the unit, the minimum Parameters such as voltage and charging current are important parameters for charging process control.
  • the module parameters of the battery module can be found in Table 1 below:
  • Step S200 Determine whether the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is greater than the preset voltage difference threshold; if so, jump to step S300;
  • the main power input and output of charging and discharging are completed by connecting the positive and negative main lines, and the balancing function is performed by current shunting through the collection line.
  • the balancing current is relatively small, generally not exceeding 2A. If The voltage difference between the module units is too large, and large current charging and discharging will increase the changing trend of the voltage difference between the units. Therefore, the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is greater than the preset voltage difference. Within the range, only small current charging and discharging can be performed, and the voltage difference between the battery modules is adjusted back by the balancing function in step S300.
  • Step S300 Turn on the electronic load and/or power transfer module to adjust the voltage difference between the power batteries in the battery module so that the voltage difference is less than the preset voltage difference threshold;
  • Step S400 Perform charging and discharging work according to the module parameters of the battery module.
  • the power battery module balancing system also supports a high-current fast charge and discharge mode.
  • Figure 6 shows another control method of the power battery module balancing system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The process, between the steps S400, the method also includes:
  • Step S510 Determine whether the voltage difference between the module units of the battery module is less than the preset voltage difference range
  • Step S520 If yes, increase the charging and discharging current of the battery module.
  • the module can be charged and discharged with a large current to make the module reach the target voltage as soon as possible.
  • the charging The discharge current configuration is queried from the cloud platform by the microcontrol unit MCU in Embodiment 1, and then configured to the microcontroller MCU1, and the microcontroller MCU1 performs power adjustment.
  • the preset pressure difference range can be set according to actual needs, for example, set to 2A.
  • the balancing mode and the fast charging mode can be dynamically switched: the micro control unit MCU will continuously detect the voltage of each cell. If the detection finds that the voltage difference between the cells increases, If the allowable voltage difference threshold is exceeded, such as 20mv, switch to the balancing mode, and achieve balanced charging and discharging through the above steps S200 to S300; if the voltage difference between each unit has been adjusted to a small range, such as 5mv, you can switch to the large range.
  • the current charging mode large current rapid charging and discharging are achieved through steps S510 to S520.
  • the battery consistency can also be detected through the following steps S641 to S645, and when the battery consistency is good, the battery can be switched to the fast charging and fast discharging mode.
  • Figure 7 shows the flow of yet another control method for a power battery module balancing system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Between the steps S200, the method further includes:
  • Step S610 Collect the battery data of the battery module through the sampling module
  • the micro control unit MCU as described in Embodiment 1 before charging and discharging, the micro control unit MCU as described in Embodiment 1 also needs to request the sampling module 170 to test the initial voltage and temperature of the battery module 140 and other battery data, preliminarily analyze the module status, and Decide on possible strategies.
  • Step S620 Determine whether there are abnormalities in the battery data, the connection lines of the battery module, and/or the resistance of the temperature sensor to determine whether the battery module can be charged and discharged normally;
  • Figure 8 shows a sub-process of step S620 in the control method shown in Figure 7, which determines whether there is an abnormality in the battery data to determine whether the battery module can be charged and discharged normally, include:
  • Step S621 Calculate the average voltage of the battery module through the median method or the statistical distribution method
  • Step S622 Determine whether the average voltage is within the preset voltage range; if not,
  • Step S623 Connect the battery module and the electronic load, and/or connect the battery module and the power transfer module to shunt the battery module.
  • the charging current for the charger is Iall, and the switching element is used to control whether to access the electronic load 150, and the micro control unit MCU is programmed to set the shunt current Ibalance of the electronic load 150, then the charging current for
  • Icharge Iall-Ibalance
  • you can use the median method or the statistical distribution method to calculate the average voltage of the module. If the voltage of a certain unit exceeds the average voltage within a certain preset voltage range, such as 5mv, you need to open the switching element for shunting. , slow down the charging speed, and the calculation formula of the shunt current is as follows: Ibalance Iall ⁇ Vi/max ⁇ V
  • ⁇ Vi represents the difference between the i-th unit voltage and the average voltage
  • max ⁇ V represents the maximum voltage difference of the module.
  • Step S630 If the battery data is abnormal, the connection line is abnormal, and/or the resistance of the temperature sensor does not match, it is determined that the battery module cannot charge and discharge normally;
  • the system also has module fault detection and diagnosis functions, which can be performed through step S640 Before charging and discharging, analyze the module failure.
  • Step S640 Check the abnormal status and repair it so that the battery module can reach normal charging and discharging conditions.
  • the balancing function can even out the voltage differences between different units, if the voltage imbalance is caused by the difference in aging and attenuation between individual units, even if the balancing is repaired, the voltages between the units will soon change again. Voltage differences will occur. Therefore, during the process of charging and discharging, the consistency between battery cells can be analyzed based on the changing rules of charge and discharge capacity and voltage, and the repair effect of the battery core can be more accurately analyzed. Specifically, please refer to Figure 9, which shows a sub-process of step S640 in the control method shown in Figure 7. The abnormal state is checked and repaired so that the battery module reaches the conditions for normal charging and discharging. Further include:
  • Step S641 Obtain the charge and discharge voltage and capacity of each power battery in the battery module
  • Step S642 Calculate the maximum deviation value of the charge and discharge voltage of each power battery
  • Step S643 Determine whether the maximum deviation value is less than the preset deviation value
  • Step S644 If yes, determine that the consistency of the battery module meets the requirements and output the analysis result
  • Step S645 If not, determine that the consistency of the battery module does not meet the requirements, identify the faulty module and output the analysis result.
  • the voltage change range and the power change range are consistent within the same voltage reference. If they are consistent, the capacity between the cells can be considered to be consistent. Otherwise, the capacity of the cells is inconsistent. Specifically, first, it is necessary to sample the charge and discharge voltage Vi and charge and discharge capacity Qi of each power battery in the battery module at time ti.
  • the sampling interval can be set to 100us; secondly, within the charging voltage range Vmin and Vmax Find multiple reference voltages Va, Vb, Vc..., divide them into N voltage intervals, the width of the voltage interval can be 20mv, and then calculate the charge and discharge capacity Q(i), and the charge and discharge capacity Q(i)
  • Q(i) represents the charge and discharge capacity
  • I(t) represents the charge and discharge current
  • ti represents the time of charge and discharge
  • C is the charge and discharge constant.
  • the maximum deviation of charge and discharge capacity Q(i) in each voltage interval If the deviation is less than a certain threshold, for example, the maximum deviation ⁇ Q is less than the preset deviation value of 0.5%, that is, ⁇ Q ⁇ 0.5%, the battery can be considered consistent. The performance meets the requirements, otherwise the consistency does not meet the requirements. Specifically, the setting of the preset deviation value can be selected according to actual needs.
  • analysis results can be the fault analysis parameters and content as described in Table 2 above, which can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a power battery module balancing system and a control method thereof.
  • the system includes a mains conversion module, a high power management module, an output module, a battery module, an electronic load, a power transfer module, a sampling module and Micro-control unit, this system can connect to the electronic load and/or power transfer module to achieve balancing when the sampling module collects the pressure difference of each power battery in the battery module, and adjusts the voltage difference when the pressure difference of each power battery is small.
  • the switch tube in the strong power management module is turned on and off to adjust the output power for fast charging.
  • the system has a simple structure and is easy to control.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a power battery module balancing device including: at least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor The control method of the power battery module balancing system can be executed.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the power battery. Control method of module equalization system.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including a computing program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer At any time, the computer is caused to execute the control method of the power battery module balancing system in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated.
  • the components shown as units may or may not be physically separate.
  • the unit can be located in one place, or it can be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware.
  • the programs can be stored in computer-readable storage media. When the programs are executed, When doing so, it may include the processes of the above method embodiments.
  • the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.

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Abstract

本申请实施例涉及电池均衡设计领域，公开了一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法，该系统包括市电转换模块、强电管理模块、输出模块、电池模组、电子负载、功率转移模块、采样模块和微控制单元，该系统能够在采样模块采集到电池模组内各动力电池的压差较大时接入电子负载和/或功率转移模块实现均衡，且在各动力电池的压差较小时通过调整强电管理模块中开关管的通断从而调整输出功率进行快速充电，该系统结构简单且容易控制。

Description

一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法
本申请要求于2022年4月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210375735.7、申请名称为“一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池均衡设计技术领域，特别涉及一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
目前，新能源汽车动力电池包的故障中，单元电压不均衡的故障占比多，大多数维修厂的做法是对单元电压不均衡的模组进行更换。新模组替换到电池包中时，需要保证新模组电压与电池包中其他模组的电压一致，通常采用模组均衡设备对模组电压进行调节，新模组电压比其他模组电压高时，对新模组进行放电；新模组电压比其他模组电压低时，对新模组进行充电，最终把新模组的电压调整其与其他模组电压一致。
在实现本申请实施例过程中，发明人发现以上相关技术中至少存在如下问题：电池模组内单元的电压不均衡，部分是由于电芯性能的恶化，产生了不可逆的损坏，必须进行更换；部分是由于充电习惯所致，长期大电流充电，电池管理系统(BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM，BMS)的均衡能力已经无法拉低电芯之间压差的增长趋势，当前市面上解决上述问题常用的方案是在系统中增加模组均衡设备进行调节，而这会大大增加动力电池包的体积和成本，且通常模组均衡设备也只能够实现均衡控制的功能。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法。
本申请实施例的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
为解决上述技术问题，第一方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统，包括：市电转换模块，与交流市电连接，配置为输出直流电；强电管理模块，与所述市电转换模块连接，配置为对所述直流电进行功率调整；输出模块，与所述强电管理模块连接，配置为将调整功率后的电能输出；电池模组，与所述输出模块的输出端连接，配置为在充电时与所述输出模块接通；电子负载和/或功率转移模块，分别与所述电池模组连接，且配置为在所述电池模组的电芯电压不均衡时与所述电池模组接通；采样模块，与所述电池模组连接，配置为采集所述电池模组的电池数据；微控制单元，分别与所述电子负载和所述采样模块连接，且与所述强电管理模块通信连接，配置为根据所述电池数据控制所述电子负载的通断和所述强电管理模块中开关管的通断。
在一些实施例中，所述市电转换模块包括：过滤模块，与交流市电连接，配置为对所述交流市电进行净化；AC-DC转换器，连接在所述过滤模块和强电管理模块之间，配置为将净化后的所述交流市电转换为直流电；DC-DC转换器，连接在所述AC-DC转换器和所述微控制单元之间，配置为将所述直流电转换为低压电源，以为所述微控制单元供电。
在一些实施例中，所述强电管理模块包括：功率因数校正模块，与所述市电转换模块连接；功率调整模块，连接在所述功率因数校正模块和所述输出模块之间；微控制器，分别与所述功率因数校正模块、所述功率调整模块和所述微控制单元连接，配置为根据所述微控制单元下发的控制指令控制所述功率因数校正模块和所述功率调整模块对所述直流电进行功率调整。
在一些实施例中，所述系统还包括：线路切换模块，输入端通过采集线与所述电池模组连接，输出端分别与所述采样模块和所述电子负载连接；电阻测量单元，与所述线路切换模块连接。
在一些实施例中，所述系统还包括：至少两个与所述微控制单元连接的温度传感器，存在一个所述温度传感器与所述电池模组连接，存在另一个所述温度传感器与所述电阻测量单元连接。
在一些实施例中，所述系统还包括：散热模块，与所述电子负载连接。
在一些实施例中，所述系统还包括：通信模块，与所述微控制单元连接，且与云平台通信连接，配置为通过所述云平台获取所述电池模组的模组参数。
在一些实施例中，所述系统还包括：人机交互模块，与所述微控制单元连接，配置为获取用户的操作和选择。
为解决上述技术问题，第二方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种如第一方面所述的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法，所述方法包括：连接至云平台并获取接入的电池模组的模组参数；判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否大于预设压差阈值；若是，接通电子负载和/或功率转移模块以调整所述电池模组中各所述动力电池之间的电压差异，以使所述电压差小于所述预设压差阈值；根据所述电池模组的模组参数执行充放电工作。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否小于预设压差范围；若是，提高所述电池模组的充放电电流。
在一些实施例中，在所述判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否大于预设压差阈值之前，所述方法还包括：通过采样模块采集所述电池模组的电池数据；判断所述电池数据、所述电池模组的连接线路和/或所述温度传感器的电阻是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电；若所述电池数据存在异常、所述连接线路存在异常和/或所述温度传感器的电阻不匹配，则确定所述电池模组无法正常充放电；检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件。
在一些实施例中，所述判断所述电池数据是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电，包括：通过中位数法或者统计分布法计算所述电池模组的平均电压；判断所述平均电压是否在预设电压范围内；若否，接通所述电池模组与所述电子负载，和/或，接通所述电池模组与所述功率转移模块，以分流所述电池模组。
在一些实施例中，所述检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件，包括：获取所述电池模组中各动力电池的充放电电压和电量；计算各所述动力电池的充放电电压的最大偏差值；判断所述最大偏差值是否小于预设偏差值；若是，则确定所述电池模块的一致性满足要求并输出分析结果；若否，则确定所述电池模块的一致性不满足要求、甄别故障模块并输出分析结果。
为解决上述技术问题，第三方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种动力电池模组均衡设备包括：至少一个处理器；以及，与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行如权利要求9-13任意一项所述的方法。
为解决上述技术问题，第四方面，本申请实施例中提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使计算机执行如权利要求9-13任意一项所述的方法。
与现有技术相比，本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本申请实施例中提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法，该系统包括市电转换模块、强电管理模块、输出模块、电池模组、电子负载、功率转移模块、采样模块和微控制单元，该系统能够在采样模块采集到电池模组内各动力电池的压差较大时接入电子负载和/或功率转移模块实现均衡，且在各动力电池的压差较小时通过调整强电管理模块中开关管的通断从而调整输出功率进行快速充电，该系统结构简单且容易控制。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例中通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件/模块和步骤表示为类似的元件/模块和步骤，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请实施例一提供的一种动力电池模组均衡系统的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例一提供的另一种动力电池模组均衡系统的结构示意图；
图3(a)是本申请实施例一提供的一种多通道下电池模组均衡充电时的线路设计图；
图3(b)是本申请实施例一提供的一种单通道下电池模组均衡充电时的线路设计图；
图4是本申请实施例一提供的一种多通道下电池模组耗散型方式放电时的线路设计图；
图5是本申请实施例二提供的一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图6是本申请实施例二提供的另一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图7是本申请实施例二提供的又一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程示意图；
图8是图7所示控制方法中步骤S620的一子流程示意图；
图9是图7所示控制方法中步骤S640的一子流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本申请进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本申请，但不以任何形式限制本申请。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本申请的保护范围。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，如果不冲突，本申请实施例中的各个特征可以相互结合，均在本申请的保护范围之内。另外，虽然在装置示意图中进行了功能模块划分，在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于装置中的模块划分，或流程图中的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。需要说明的是，当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本说明书中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是用于限制本申请。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
此外，下面所描述的本申请各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
为了解决目前具有多个动力电池的电池模组中需要增加模组均衡设备来实现均衡控制，且模组均衡设备功能单一的问题，本申请实施例提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法，该系统能够在采样模块采集到电池模组内各动力电池的压差较大时接入电子负载和/或功率转移模块实现均衡，且在各动力电池的压差较小时通过调整强电管理模块中开关管的通断从而调整输出功率进行快速充放电，该系统结构简单且容易控制；且有，该系统还能够根据采样模块采集的电池数据对电池模组进行一致性评估，从而对用户给出准确的修复评估意见。
具体地，下面结合附图，对本申请实施例作进一步阐述。
实施例一
本申请实施例提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统，请参见图1，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种动力电池模组均衡系统的结构，所述动力电池模组均衡系统100包括：市电转换模块110、强电管理模块120、输出模块130、电池模组140、电子负载150和/或功率转移模块160、采样模块170和微控制单元MCU。
所述市电转换模块110，与交流市电AC连接，配置为输出直流电；具体地，请参见图2，其示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种动力电池模组均衡系统的结构，所述市电转换模块110包括：过滤模块111，与交流市电AC连接，配置为对所述交流市电AC进行净化；AC-DC转换器112，连接在所述过滤模块111和强电管理模块120之间，配置为将净化后的所述交流市电AC转换为直流电；DC-DC转换器113，连接在所述AC-DC转换器112和所述微控制单元MCU之间，配置为将所述直流电转换为低压电源，以为所述微控制单元MCU供电。进一步地，本申请实施例所述的动力电池模组均衡系统100中的低压电源可以皆由所述DC-DC转换器113，为所述动力电池模组均衡系统100中的所有控制部分提供电源。
所述强电管理模块120，与所述市电转换模块连接，配置为对所述直流电进行功率调整；具体地，请继续参见图2，所述强电管理模块120包括：功率因数校正模块121，与所述市电转换模块110连接；功率调整模块122，连接在所述功率因数校正模块121和所述输出模块130之间；微控制器MCU1，分别与所述功率因数校正模块121、所述功率调整模块122和所述微控制单元MCU连接，配置为根据所述微控制单元MCU下发的控制指令控制所述功率因数校正模块121和所述功率调整模块122对所述直流 电进行功率调整。
所述输出模块130，与所述强电管理模块120连接，配置为将调整功率后的电能输出，所述输出模块130能够对外部负载提供稳定的电源输出，消除纹波、负载等对输出的影响，具体地，其结构、型号等可根据实际需要进行选择。
所述电池模组140，与所述输出模块130的输出端连接，配置为在充电时与所述输出模块130接通，所述电池模组140为电池或电池包的组合，所述电池模组140内还可以设置有电池管理系统BMS，通过所述电池管理系统BMS采集单体电池或电池包的电池数据，进一步地通过所述采集模块170发送至所述微控制单元MCU。
所述电子负载150，与所述电池模组连接，且配置为在所述电池模组的电芯电压不均衡时与所述电池模组接通；在一些实施例中，请继续参见图2，所述系统还包括：线路切换模块151，输入端通过采集线与所述电池模组140连接，输出端分别与所述采样模块170和所述电子负载150连接；电阻测量单元152，与所述线路切换模块151连接。在一些实施例中，请继续参见图2，所述系统还包括：散热模块153，与所述电子负载150连接。且有，在本申请实施例，采用的是电子负载150的方式进行均衡充电，电阻范围可编程调整且调节范围广，均衡的分流效果更加，均衡效率更高。
具体地，在对所述电池模组140进行充电时，请参见图3(a)和图3(b)，其分别示出了多通道和单通道下电池模组140均衡充电时的线路设计，从电池模组140输出的采集线，通过线路切换模块151后，可连接到采样模块170和电子负载150，温度传感器171还可以连接到采样模块170中的电阻测量单元。在充电时，交流市电AC输入经过AC-DC转换器112变换，功率因数校正模块121调整，功率调整模块122变换后，输出到输出模块130，给电池模组140充电，输出的电流大小与功率由所述功率调整模块122控制，由独立的微控制器MCU1进行管理。
所述功率转移模块160，与所述电池模组连接，且配置为在所述电池模组140的电芯电压不均衡时与所述电池模组140接通。在本申请实施例中，一方面，可以支持通过所述电子负载150能量耗散的放电方式；另外一方面，也可以支持通过所述功率转移模块160能量转移的放电方式，节能环保。
具体地，在对所述电池模组140进行放电时，存在两种方式：耗散型方式放电或者功率转移型方式放电，放电方式由微控制单元MCU控制，且能够通过所述人机交互模块190的UI界面由用户选择或者配置。请参见图4，其示出了多通道下电池模组140耗散型方式放电时的线路设计，通过电子负载150接入正负极回路，由电子负载150进行功率耗散，在放电时，充电输出关闭，所述电池模组140输出电能到所述电子负载150或所述功率转移模块160，对所述电池模组140进行放电；而当采用功率转移型放电时，请继续参见图2，电能主要通过所述功率转移模块160耗散在外部功率部件，所述的外部功率模块可以是储能模块，或者DC-AC模块，把电能返还电网。
所述采样模块170，与所述电池模组连接，配置为采集所述电池模组140的电池数据，所述采样模块170可以是采集器，其中，所述电池数据包括电压数据和温度数据，所述采样模块170可以对所述电池模组140的电压和温度进行采集，并传递到微控制单元MCU分析数据的正确性。在本申请实施例中，通过灵活的电压采集接口配置，从而支持对所述电池模组140中电压与温度等电池数据的诊断检测。进一步地，所述微控制单元MCU还可以在充放电之前，通过所述采样模块170采集电池数据以实现故障检测和诊断功能，对模组故障进行分析。
在一些实施例中，请继续参见图2，所述系统还包括：至少两个与所述微控制单元MCU连接的温度传感器171，存在一个所述温度传感器171a与所述电池模组140连接，存在另一个所述温度传感器171b与所述电阻测量单元152连接。
所述微控制单元MCU，分别与所述电子负载150和所述采样模块170连接，且与所述强电管理模块120通信连接，配置为根据所述电池数据控制所述电子负载150的通断和所述强电管理模块120中开关管的通断。在所述动力电池模组均衡系统100中，所有单元的主要操作逻辑和数据管理由所述微控制单元MCU负责，包括所述微控制器MCU1对强电管理的控制逻辑和功率配置数据，此外，运行过程中的安全监控，也通过所述微控制单元MCU监控系统的电流、电压、温度来进行管理。
在一些实施例中，请继续参见图2，所述系统还包括：通信模块180，与所述微控制单元MCU连接， 且与云平台200通信连接，配置为通过所述云平台200获取所述电池模组140的模组参数。在本申请实施例中，充放电所需要的参数，皆存储在云平台中，所述微控制单元MCU通过通信模块180与云平台通信，从而获取运行参数。
在一些实施例中，请继续参见图2，所述系统还包括：人机交互模块190，与所述微控制单元MCU连接，配置为获取用户的操作和选择。在本申请实施例中，用户通过人机交互模块190对设备进行操作，所述人机交互模块190可以是液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)、触控面板(TouchPanel，TP)等能够实现人机交互的电子产品，具体地，可根据实际需要进行选择。
具体地，请继续参见图2，在需要进行充电时，充电回路至少由所述过滤模块111、所述AC-DC转换器112、所述功率因数校正模块121和所述输出模块130组成，所述过滤模块111对输入的交流市电AC进行净化，同时防止设备对电网的影响，所述AC-DC转换器112通过整流、滤波，把输入的交流电转化成直流电，所述功率因数校正模块121由开关电源实现，根据输出电流需求，动态调整输出电压，所述输出模块130对外部负载提供稳定的电源输出，消除纹波、负载等对输出的影响。
实施例二
本申请实施例提供了一种如实施例一所述的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法，请参见图5，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程，所述方法包括但不限于以下步骤：
步骤S100：连接至云平台并获取接入的电池模组的模组参数；
在本申请实施例中，各个不同型号的电池模组或电池模组中的动力电池的模组参数保存在云平台中，系统在接入新的电池模组或动力电池时，读取或识别所述电池模组或动力电池的序列号或型号，再通过所述云平台查询所述电池模组或动力电池的模组参数，以进一步配置电池容量、电池模组组织结构、充放电参数等数据，从而支持更多的电池类型，提高系统的可扩展性。
具体地，所述电池模组的模组参数至少包括电芯材料、组织结构、容量、充放电参数等，且这些数据存储在云平台中，可由汽车品牌Make、汽车型号Model、电池类型和/或模组类型组成的关键字进行索引，或者由模组编码进行索引，用户根据维修的车型选择参数，或者根据电池模组上的编码对电池模组的参数进行查询，其中单元最大电压、最小电压、充电电流等参数作为充电流程控制的重要参数。所述电池模组的模组参数可参见下表1所示：
表1
步骤S200：判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否大于预设压差阈值；若是，跳转至步骤S300；
在本申请实施例中，充放电的主要功率输入输出由正负极主线连接完成，均衡功能通过采集线进行电流分流执行。受电池模组采集线电流承载能力的限制，均衡电流比较小，一般不超过2A电流，如果 模组单元之间压差过大，大电流充放电会加大单元之间压差的变化趋势，因此，在所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差大于所述预设压差范围时，只能够进行小电流充放电，由步骤S300的均衡功能把电池模组之间的电压差异调整回来。
步骤S300：接通电子负载和/或功率转移模块以调整所述电池模组中各所述动力电池之间的电压差异，以使所述电压差小于所述预设压差阈值；
在本申请实施例中，当动力电池一致性较差时，所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差较大，此时需要切换至所述动力电池模组均衡系统的均衡模式，调整电池模组中各所述动力电池之间的电压差异。
步骤S400：根据所述电池模组的模组参数执行充放电工作。
在本申请实施例中，在获取到所述电池模组的模组参数后，且确定是否需要均衡充电后，根据电池模组在不同模式下的工作时需要的模组参数执行充放电工作。
在一些实施例中，所述动力电池模组均衡系统还支持大电流快速充放模式，请参见图6，其示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程，在所述步骤S400之间，所述方法还包括：
步骤S510：判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否小于预设压差范围；
步骤S520：若是，提高所述电池模组的充放电电流。
在本申请实施例中，如果单元之间压差比较小，也即是小于所述预设压差范围时，则可以对模组进行大电流充放电，使模组尽快达到目标电压，具体充放电的电流配置，由实施例一中的微控制单元MCU从云平台查询后，配置给微控制器MCU1，由微控制器MCU1进行功率调整。所述预设压差范围可以根据实际需要进行设置，例如，设置为2A。
需要说明的是，通过本申请实施例提供的控制方法，均衡模式和快充模式可以动态切换：微控制单元MCU会持续检测各电芯电压，如果检测发现电芯之间压差变化加大，超过允许压差阈值，比如20mv，则切换到均衡模式，通过上述步骤S200至步骤S300实现均衡充放电；如果各单元之间压差已经调整到一个小的范围，比如5mv，则可以切换到大电流充电模式，通过步骤S510至步骤S520实现大电流快速充放电。进一步地，在进行大电流快充快放之前，还可以通过下述步骤S641至步骤S645检测电池一致性，在电池一致性较好时切换至快充快放模式。
在一些实施例中，请参见图7，其示出了本申请实施例提供的又一种动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法的流程，在所述步骤S200之间，所述方法还包括：
步骤S610：通过采样模块采集所述电池模组的电池数据；
在本申请实施例中，在充放电之前，如实施例一所述的微控制单元MCU还需要请求采样模块170测试电池模组140的初始电压和温度等电池数据，初步分析模组状态，并决定可采取的策略。
步骤S620：判断所述电池数据、所述电池模组的连接线路和/或所述温度传感器的电阻是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电；
具体地，请参见图8，其示出了图7所示控制方法中步骤S620的一子流程，所述判断所述电池数据是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电，包括：
步骤S621：通过中位数法或者统计分布法计算所述电池模组的平均电压；
步骤S622：判断所述平均电压是否在预设电压范围内；若否，
步骤S623：接通所述电池模组与所述电子负载，和/或，接通所述电池模组与所述功率转移模块，以分流所述电池模组。
在本申请实施例中，若假设充电机输入的总充电电流为Iall，通过开关元件控制是否接入所述电子负载150，所述微控制单元MCU编程设置电子负载150分流电流Ibalance，则充电电流为
Icharge＝Iall-Ibalance，可以采用中位数法或者统计分布法计算模组的平均电压，如果某单元的电压超过平均电压一定所述预设电压范围内，比如5mv,则需要打开开关元件进行分流，减缓充电速度，分流电流大小的计算公式如下：
Ibalance＝Iall·△Vi/max△V
其中，△Vi表示第i个单元电压与平均电压的差值，max△V表示该模组最大的压差。
步骤S630：若所述电池数据存在异常、所述连接线路存在异常和/或所述温度传感器的电阻不匹配，则确定所述电池模组无法正常充放电；
在本申请实施例中，如果电池模组存在连接线路异常，或者温度传感器电阻不匹配，则不能进行进一步的充放电操作，进一步地，系统还具有模组故障检测和诊断功能，可通过步骤S640在充放电前，对模组故障进行分析。
步骤S640：检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件。
具体地，各模组的异常状态的检查及修复处理方法请参见下表2：
表2
进一步地，在本申请实施例中，虽然均衡功能可以拉平不同单元之间的电压差异，但是如果单元个体之间老化衰减的差异导致的电压不均衡，即使进行均衡修复，单元之间不久后又会出现电压差异。因此，在充放电的过程中，可以根据充放电电量、电压之变化规律来分析电池单体之间的一致性，对电芯的修复效果进行更精准的分析。具体地，请参见图9，其示出了图7所示控制方法中步骤S640的一子流程，所述检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件，进一步包括：
步骤S641：获取所述电池模组中各动力电池的充放电电压和电量；
步骤S642：计算各所述动力电池的充放电电压的最大偏差值；
步骤S643：判断所述最大偏差值是否小于预设偏差值；
步骤S644：若是，则确定所述电池模块的一致性满足要求并输出分析结果；
步骤S645：若否，则确定所述电池模块的一致性不满足要求、甄别故障模块并输出分析结果。
在本申请实施例中，可在同一电压基准内，检测电压变化范围和电量变化范围是否保持一致，若一致则可认为单体间容量一致，否则单体容量不一致。具体地，首先，需要对所述电池模组中各动力电池ti时刻的充放电电压Vi和充放电电量Qi进行采样，优选的，采样间隔可设置为100us；其次，在充电电压范围Vmin和Vmax之间找多个基准电压Va，Vb，Vc…，把它他们划分成N各电压区间，电压区间宽度可为20mv，然后计算得到充放电电量Q(i)，充放电电量Q(i)的计算公式为：
Q(i)＝∫I(t)dt/C
进一步地，在实际计算中，采用连续累加方式计算，则上述公式进行数学转换后，充放电电量Q(i)的离散方案计算公式为：
Q(i)＝∑I(t)·ti/C
其中，Q(i)表示充放电电量，I(t)表示充放电电流，ti表示充放电的时刻，C为充放电常数。
最后，计算在各电压区间充放电电量Q(i)的最大偏差，如果偏差小于某一阈值，比如最大偏差△Q小于预设偏差值0.5％，即△Q<0.5％，则可认为电池一致性满足要求，否则一致性不满足要求，具体地，所述预设偏差值的设置可根据实际需要进行选择。
且有，所述的分析结果可以是如上表2所述的故障分析参数及内容等，具体可根据实际需要进行选择和设置。
本申请实施例中提供了一种动力电池模组均衡系统及其控制方法，该系统包括市电转换模块、强电管理模块、输出模块、电池模组、电子负载、功率转移模块、采样模块和微控制单元，该系统能够在采样模块采集到电池模组内各动力电池的压差较大时接入电子负载和/或功率转移模块实现均衡，且在各动力电池的压差较小时通过调整强电管理模块中开关管的通断从而调整输出功率进行快速充电，该系统结构简单且容易控制。
第三方面，本申请实施例中还提供了一种动力电池模组均衡设备包括：至少一个处理器；以及，与 所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行所述的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例中还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使计算机执行所述的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括存储在非易失性计算机可读存储介质上的计算程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，当所述程序指令被计算机执行时时，使所述计算机执行上述任意方法实施例中的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法。
需要说明的是，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域普通技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory,ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory,RAM)等。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本申请的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本申请的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种动力电池模组均衡系统，包括：
    市电转换模块，与交流市电连接，配置为输出直流电；
    强电管理模块，与所述市电转换模块连接，配置为对所述直流电进行功率调整；
    输出模块，与所述强电管理模块连接，配置为将调整功率后的电能输出；
    电池模组，与所述输出模块的输出端连接，配置为在充电时与所述输出模块接通；
    电子负载和/或功率转移模块，分别与所述电池模组连接，且配置为在所述电池模组的电芯电压不均衡时与所述电池模组接通；
    采样模块，与所述电池模组连接，配置为采集所述电池模组的电池数据；
    微控制单元，分别与所述电子负载和所述采样模块连接，且与所述强电管理模块通信连接，配置为根据所述电池数据控制所述电子负载的通断和所述强电管理模块中开关管的通断。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，所述市电转换模块包括：
    过滤模块，与交流市电连接，配置为对所述交流市电进行净化；
    AC-DC转换器，连接在所述过滤模块和强电管理模块之间，配置为将净化后的所述交流市电转换为直流电；
    DC-DC转换器，连接在所述AC-DC转换器和所述微控制单元之间，配置为将所述直流电转换为低压电源，以为所述微控制单元供电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，所述强电管理模块包括：
    功率因数校正模块，与所述市电转换模块连接；
    功率调整模块，连接在所述功率因数校正模块和所述输出模块之间；
    微控制器，分别与所述功率因数校正模块、所述功率调整模块和所述微控制单元连接，配置为根据所述微控制单元下发的控制指令控制所述功率因数校正模块和所述功率调整模块对所述直流电进行功率调整。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的系统，所述系统还包括：
    线路切换模块，输入端通过采集线与所述电池模组连接，输出端分别与所述采样模块和所述电子负载连接；
    电阻测量单元，与所述线路切换模块连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，所述系统还包括：
    至少两个与所述微控制单元连接的温度传感器，存在一个所述温度传感器与所述电池模组连接，存在另一个所述温度传感器与所述电阻测量单元连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，所述系统还包括：
    散热模块，与所述电子负载连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的系统，所述系统还包括：
    通信模块，与所述微控制单元连接，且与云平台通信连接，配置为通过所述云平台获取所述电池模组的模组参数。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的系统，所述系统还包括：
    人机交互模块，与所述微控制单元连接，配置为获取用户的操作和选择。
  9. 一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的动力电池模组均衡系统的控制方法，所述方法包括：
    连接至云平台并获取接入的电池模组的模组参数；
    判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否大于预设压差阈值；
    若是，接通电子负载和/或功率转移模块以调整所述电池模组中各所述动力电池之间的电压差异，以使所述电压差小于所述预设压差阈值；
    根据所述电池模组的模组参数执行充放电工作。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的控制方法，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否小于预设压差范围；
    若是，提高所述电池模组的充放电电流。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的控制方法，在所述判断所述电池模组的模组单元之间的电压差是否大于预设压差阈值之前，所述方法还包括：
    通过采样模块采集所述电池模组的电池数据；
    判断所述电池数据、所述电池模组的连接线路和/或所述温度传感器的电阻是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电；
    若所述电池数据存在异常、所述连接线路存在异常和/或所述温度传感器的电阻不匹配，则确定所述电池模组无法正常充放电；
    检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的控制方法，所述判断所述电池数据是否存在异常，以确定所述电池模组是否可以正常充放电，包括：
    通过中位数法或者统计分布法计算所述电池模组的平均电压；
    判断所述平均电压是否在预设电压范围内；
    若否，接通所述电池模组与所述电子负载，和/或，接通所述电池模组与所述功率转移模块，以分流所述电池模组。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的控制方法，所述检查异常状态并修复，以使所述电池模组达到可正常充放电的条件，包括：
    获取所述电池模组中各动力电池的充放电电压和电量；
    计算各所述动力电池的充放电电压的最大偏差值；
    判断所述最大偏差值是否小于预设偏差值；
    若是，则确定所述电池模块的一致性满足要求并输出分析结果；
    若否，则确定所述电池模块的一致性不满足要求、甄别故障模块并输出分析结果。
  14. 一种动力电池模组均衡设备包括：
    至少一个处理器；以及，
    与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，
    所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行如权利要求9-13任意一项所述的方法。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使计算机执行如权利要求9-13任意一项所述的方法。
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