WO2023188081A1 - Système d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023188081A1
WO2023188081A1 PCT/JP2022/015878 JP2022015878W WO2023188081A1 WO 2023188081 A1 WO2023188081 A1 WO 2023188081A1 JP 2022015878 W JP2022015878 W JP 2022015878W WO 2023188081 A1 WO2023188081 A1 WO 2023188081A1
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Prior art keywords
power
plant
power plant
generated
power supply
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PCT/JP2022/015878
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和明 木藤
俊也 守田
幸徳 片桐
雄治 細川
Original Assignee
日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2022/015878 priority Critical patent/WO2023188081A1/fr
Publication of WO2023188081A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023188081A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system and the like.
  • Patent Document 1 states that when an emergency situation such as loss of external power occurs in nuclear power generation equipment, the power supply of solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment stored in advance in power storage equipment is It is stated that the generated power is supplied to nuclear power generation equipment as an emergency power source.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system and the like that contribute to stabilizing the power system.
  • the power supply system provides one or more power supply systems that generate power using an asynchronous power source as internal power used for the internal load during normal operation of a first power plant that generates power using a synchronous power source.
  • the control means for using at least part of the power generated by the second power plant is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a power supply system according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram including a nuclear power plant of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. It is a block diagram including a nuclear power plant of the electric power supply system based on 2nd Embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the power supply system E1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the solid arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the transmission of AC power (AC power transmission).
  • the white arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the transmission of DC power (DC power transmission).
  • the power supply system E1 includes a nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant), solar power plants 201 and 202 (second power plant), and a wind power plant 203 (second power plant). It is composed of and.
  • the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) is a facility that generates power using a "synchronous power source.”
  • a “synchronous power source” is a generator configured to convert the kinetic energy of a turbine (not shown) into electrical energy.
  • Power generated by the nuclear power plant 100 (AC power) is supplied to the power grid G1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a nuclear power plant 100 as an example of a "first power plant” that generates power using a “synchronous power source,” the "first power plant” is not limited to this.
  • a thermal power plant or a hydroelectric power plant may be used as the "first power plant”.
  • the power generated by the "synchronous power supply” has so-called inertia, so even if the voltage or frequency is disturbed due to a malfunction in the power grid G1, it can suppress instantaneous voltage drops and sudden fluctuations in frequency. can.
  • the "synchronous power supply” also has the property (synchronization power) of trying to rotate at the same rotational speed with other synchronous power supplies connected to the power system G1, so it contributes to the stabilization of the power system G1. are doing.
  • the solar power plants 201 and 202 (second power plants) and the wind power plant 203 (second power plant) shown in FIG. 1 are facilities that generate power using an "asynchronous power source.”
  • the "asynchronous power supply” is a power generation facility that performs power conversion so as to follow changes in the voltage of the power grid G1.
  • solar power plants 201 and 202 and a wind power plant 203 that use renewable energy are shown as examples of a "second power plant” that generates power using an "asynchronous power source.” ' is not limited to this.
  • power generation equipment for biomass power generation or temperature difference power generation may be used as the "second power plant”.
  • a part of the power generated by the solar power plants 201, 202 and the wind power plant 203 is supplied to the power grid G1, as shown by solid arrows in FIG. That is, when the power generated by the solar power plants 201, 202 and the wind power plant 203 is supplied to the power grid G1, the generated power is passed through an inverter (not shown) so as to follow the change in voltage of the power grid G1. (2) is converted into the specified AC power.
  • "asynchronous power supplies” have almost no inertia or synchronization force like “synchronous power supplies”, so the more “asynchronous power supplies” connected to power grid G1, the more stable power grid G1 becomes. tend to be less sensitive.
  • a solar power plant that generates power using an "asynchronous power source” is used as the internal power used for the internal load during normal operation of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) that generates power using a "synchronous power source”.
  • the control means 7 uses at least a part of the power generated by the wind power plants 201 and 202 (second power plants) and the wind power plant 203 (second power plant).
  • the "in-plant rate” at the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) can be lowered.
  • the “in-house rate” is the ratio of the generated power used as in-house power of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) to the generated power of the "synchronous power supply”.
  • the lower the "in-plant ratio" in the nuclear power plant 100 the higher the proportion of the generated power supplied from the "synchronous power source” of the nuclear power plant 100 to the power grid G1, so the stability of the power grid G1 is improved.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram including the nuclear power plant 100 of the power supply system E1. Note that the three asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 shown in FIG. 2 correspond to the respective power generation facilities of the solar power plants 201 and 202 (see FIG. 1) and the wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 2, the nuclear power plant 100 includes a main generator 1 (synchronous power source), circuit breakers 2a to 2f, transformers 3 and 4, electric motor 5a (internal load), and other loads 5b (internal load). (load), an inverter 6, a control means 7, and a power storage facility 8.
  • main generator 1 synchronous power source
  • circuit breakers 2a to 2f transformers 3 and 4
  • electric motor 5a internal load
  • other loads 5b internal load
  • load an inverter 6
  • control means 7 for controlling the nuclear power storage facility 8.
  • the main generator 1 is a generator that generates electricity by rotating a turbine or the like (not shown).
  • a turbine In the nuclear power plant 100, for example, in the case of a boiling water light water reactor, water is boiled using the heat associated with nuclear fission of uranium fuel, etc., and the energy of the steam is used to rotate a turbine (not shown).
  • Power generator 1 is designed to generate electricity. Note that, as the nuclear power plant 100, a pressurized water type light water reactor or other types of power generation equipment may be used. Power generated by the main generator 1 (AC power) is supplied to the power system G1 via the power transmission line P1, the circuit breaker 2a, and the power transmission line P2 in sequence.
  • the circuit breaker 2a switches connection/disconnection between the main generator 1 and the power grid G1.
  • the transformer 3 is a device that adjusts the height of AC voltage, etc. when supplying a portion of the power generated by the main generator 1 to the motor 5a and other loads 5b.
  • the transformer 3 has its primary side connected to the power transmission line P2, and its secondary side connected to the power line K1 via the circuit breaker 2b.
  • the circuit breaker 2b switches between connection and disconnection between the transformer 3 and the power line K1.
  • the electric motor 5a is one of the "house loads” of the nuclear power plant 100, and is connected to the power line K1 via the circuit breaker 2c.
  • the circuit breaker 2c switches between connection and disconnection between the electric motor 5a and the power line K1.
  • the "in-house load” refers to equipment used to operate the nuclear power plant 100 (equipment that consumes in-plant power).
  • a pump that circulates cooling water used for cooling fuel rods (not shown)
  • air conditioning equipment not shown
  • sensors not shown
  • control devices not shown
  • FIG. 2 such in-house loads are schematically shown as a motor 5a and other loads 5b.
  • the other load 5b is a predetermined device included in the "house load” and is connected to the power line K1 via the transformer 4 and the circuit breaker 2d in sequence.
  • the transformer 4 is a device that adjusts the voltage level, etc. of the predetermined AC power output from the inverter 6 (or the AC power supplied via the transformer 3).
  • the transformer 4 has its primary side connected to the power line K1 via the circuit breaker 2d, and its secondary side connected to another load 5b.
  • the circuit breaker 2d switches connection/disconnection between the power line K1 and the transformer 4.
  • the asynchronous power supply 21 shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, a photovoltaic power generation panel of the photovoltaic power plant 201 (see FIG. 1), and is connected to the input side of the inverter 6 via power transmission lines K3 and K6 sequentially.
  • Another asynchronous power source 22 is, for example, a photovoltaic power generation panel of a photovoltaic power plant 202 (see FIG. 1), and is connected to the input side of the inverter 6 via power transmission lines K4 and K6 in sequence.
  • the remaining asynchronous power source 23 is, for example, a generator of the wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1), and is connected to the input side of the inverter 6 via power transmission lines K5 and K6 in sequence. Note that the wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1) is provided with a converter (not shown) that converts AC power into DC power.
  • the generated power (DC power) of each of the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 is input to the inverter 6 of the nuclear power plant 100 via a common power transmission line K6.
  • the common power transmission line K6 By using the common power transmission line K6 in this way, the equipment cost required for the power transmission line can be reduced.
  • the inverter 6 is a power converter that converts DC power supplied from the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 into AC power.
  • the inverter 6 has its input side connected to a power transmission line K6, and its output side connected to a power line K1 via a circuit breaker 2e.
  • the inverter 6 has a configuration in which, for example, a first leg, a second leg, and a third leg each consisting of two switching elements connected in series are connected in parallel to each other.
  • the intermediate terminal of the first leg is connected to the U-phase winding
  • the intermediate terminal of the second leg is connected to the V-phase winding
  • the intermediate terminal of the third leg is connected to the W-phase winding.
  • the configuration of the inverter 6 described above is an example, and is not limited to this.
  • control means 7 includes electronic circuits such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and various interfaces. Then, the program stored in the ROM is read out and expanded to the RAM, and the CPU executes various processes.
  • the control means 7 has a function of controlling on/off of each switching element (not shown) of the inverter 6 in a predetermined manner. Note that the control means 7 may be built in the inverter 6.
  • the circuit breaker 2e shown in FIG. 2 switches between connection and disconnection between the inverter 6 and the power line K1.
  • the power line K1 and the circuit breakers 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e connected to the power line K1 may be provided in a predetermined power panel (not shown).
  • the power storage facility 8 is a facility for storing power, and is connected to a power transmission line K6 via a power line K2.
  • a rechargeable and dischargeable secondary battery is used, but it is not limited to this.
  • an electric double layer capacitor may be used as the power storage equipment 8.
  • the power storage facility 8 is connected to the input side of the inverter 6 via the circuit breaker 2f and the power line K2 in this order.
  • the circuit breaker 2f switches between connection and disconnection between the power storage facility 8 and the power line K2.
  • AC power is transmitted from the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) to the power system G1.
  • direct current power is transmitted from the solar power plants 201, 202 (second power plant: see Figure 1) and the wind power plant 203 (second power plant: see Figure 1) to the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant).
  • DC power transmission By performing DC power transmission in this manner, power loss associated with power transmission can be reduced compared to when AC power transmission is performed.
  • the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 are provided in remote locations, power can be transmitted to the nuclear power plant 100 with relatively little power loss.
  • the method of transmitting power from the solar power plants 201, 202 (see FIG. 1) and the wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1) to the nuclear power plant 100 is not limited to direct current power transmission. You can also do this.
  • inverters (not shown) for converting DC power into AC power are provided in the solar power plants 201, 202 (see FIG. 1) and the like.
  • the power transmission lines K3 to K6 between the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) and the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. may be dedicated lines. preferable. In other words, it is preferable that the power transmission lines K3 to K6 connecting the nuclear power plant 100 and the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. are not connected to the power system G1. In this way, by using the power transmission lines K3 to K6 as dedicated lines, it is possible to simplify the process when power generated by the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. is supplied to the internal load of the nuclear power plant 100.
  • a plurality of asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 are connected to a nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant) via power transmission lines K3 to K6.
  • the voltages at which DC power is transmitted from each of the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 (ie, the second power plant) to the nuclear power plant 100 (the first power plant) are equal.
  • This enables direct current power transmission via the common power transmission line K6, which not only simplifies processing on the nuclear power plant 100 side but also reduces the cost required for the power transmission line.
  • the configuration of the nuclear power plant 100 shown in FIG. 2 is an example, and the configuration is not limited to this.
  • each of the circuit breakers 2a to 2f is closed.
  • a predetermined control device (not shown) may be used as the main body for opening and closing the circuit breakers 2a to 2f, or a person may manually (including button operation) open and close the circuit breakers 2a to 2f. You can also do this.
  • the power generated by the main generator 1 is supplied to the power grid G1 via the circuit breaker 2a.
  • Part of the power generated by each of the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 is supplied to the nuclear power plant 100 by direct current transmission via power transmission lines K3 to K6 (white arrows in Fig. 1), and the rest is supplied to the nuclear power plant 100 via another power transmission line.
  • the power is supplied to the power grid G1 via AC power transmission (solid line arrow in FIG. 1).
  • the DC power supplied to the nuclear power plant 100 from the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 is converted into AC power by the inverter 6, and this AC power is supplied to internal loads such as the motor 5a and other loads 5b.
  • control means 7 calculates the momentary power consumption of the plant load based on the operating state of the nuclear power plant 100 (for example, normal operation or maintenance), the specifications of the electric motor 5a and other loads 5b, etc. . Note that detected values of current and voltage of the electric motor 5a and other loads 5b may be used as appropriate. Then, the control means 7 controls the inverter 6 in a predetermined manner so that an output of a magnitude corresponding to the power consumption of the in-station load is obtained.
  • the AC power output from the inverter 6 is supplied to the electric motor 5a via the circuit breaker 2e, the power line K1, and the circuit breaker 2c in sequence, and is also sequentially supplied to the circuit breaker 2e, the power line K1, the circuit breaker 2d, and the transformer 4. It is supplied to the other load 5b via.
  • the control means 7 controls the solar power generation plants 201, 202 as in-house power used for the electric motor 5a (in-house load) and other loads 5b (in-house loads) during normal operation of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant).
  • the inverter 6 is controlled so as to use at least a part of the generated power of the second power plant (see FIG. 1).
  • the generated power supplied from the main generator 1, which is a synchronous power source, to the power system G1 can be increased. In other words, the supply amount of generated power having inertial force and synchronization force increases, so the stability of the power system G1 is improved.
  • the power generated by the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 of the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. may be stored in the power storage facility 8. Then, during normal operation of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant), the power in the power storage facility 8 may be used as internal power of the nuclear power plant 100. Even in this process, the ratio of the generated power used for power supply to the station load (in-station ratio) of the generated power of the main generator 1, which is a synchronous power supply, becomes low, so it is necessary to stabilize the power system G1. I can do it.
  • the main generator 1 which is a synchronous power source, is electrically connected to the power grid G1 via the circuit breaker 2a, and the electric motor 5a and other generators are connected via the circuit breaker 2b, etc. It may also be electrically connected to an in-house load such as the load 5b.
  • active power is supplied to the plant loads from the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23, and at least reactive power is supplied to the plant from the main generator 1 (or power system G1), which is a synchronous power supply. It may also be supplied to the load.
  • the power generated by the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 often contains almost no reactive power.
  • the active power and reactive power that are insufficient in the in-house loads such as the electric motors 5a are supplied from the main generator 1 (power grid G1 during maintenance of the main generator 1), It is possible to sufficiently supply power to the in-house loads.
  • the control means 7 performs a special operation. There is no particular need for control.
  • power generation at the solar power plants 201 and 202 and the wind power plant 203 that generate power using the asynchronous power sources 21 to 23 is used as in-house power during normal operation of the nuclear power plant 100 that generates power using a synchronous power source. At least a portion of the electrical power is used.
  • power sources that can be used in the nuclear power plant 100 in addition to the main generator 1 and the power storage facility 8, there are power supplies from the power grid G1 and power supplies from the asynchronous power sources 21 to 23, so the nuclear power plant 100 power supplies is increased.
  • power transmission lines P1 and P2 used for power transmission from the main generator 1 (synchronous power supply) to the power grid G1, and power transmission lines K3 to K6 used for power transmission from the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 to the nuclear power plant 100 are divided. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the influence of voltage fluctuations caused by control of power conditioners (not shown) such as the solar power plants 201 and 202 from spreading to the nuclear power plant 100.
  • the power storage facility 8 is provided in the nuclear power plant 100, even if the power generated by the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 fluctuates, the power storage facility 8 is used to store the electric motors 5a, etc. It becomes possible to supply power to the load.
  • the surplus power of the power supplied to the nuclear power plant 100 from the asynchronous power sources 21 to 23 is stored in the power storage facility 8, and when the power supply from the asynchronous power sources 21 to 23 is insufficient, When the electricity sales prices 21 to 23 are high, it becomes possible to supplement the in-house electricity with the electricity storage facility 8. This increases the amount of power supplied from the main generator 1 to the power grid G1, thereby increasing the profitability of power sales. Further, since there is no particular need to complicate the control in the nuclear power plant 100, processing can be simplified and costs can be reduced.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that an energy conversion facility 9 (see FIG. 3) is provided in the nuclear power plant 100A (see FIG. 3) instead of the power storage facility 8 (see FIG. 2). It is different from Note that other aspects are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the parts that are different from the first embodiment will be explained, and the explanation of the overlapping parts will be omitted.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram including the nuclear power plant 100A of the power supply system EA1 according to the second embodiment.
  • an energy conversion facility 9 is provided in the nuclear power plant 100A (first power plant).
  • the energy conversion equipment 9 has a function of converting one of predetermined energy and electric energy into the other, and is electrically connected to the power transmission line K6 via the circuit breaker 2f.
  • Examples of such energy conversion equipment 9 include, but are not limited to, pumped storage power generation equipment, energy conversion equipment using hydrogen gas, and flywheel batteries.
  • the power generated by the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 of the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. (second power plant: see FIG. 1) is converted into predetermined energy and stored in the energy conversion equipment 9. You can also do this. Then, during normal operation of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant), a predetermined energy may be converted into electric power by the energy conversion equipment 9, and this electric power may be used as internal power of the nuclear power plant 100. . Even in this process, the ratio of the generated power used for power supply to the station load (in-station ratio) of the generated power of the main generator 1, which is a synchronous power supply, becomes low, so it is necessary to stabilize the power system G1. I can do it.
  • the nuclear power plant 100A includes the energy conversion equipment 9. Therefore, in addition to when a malfunction occurs in the nuclear power plant 100A, even when the generated power of the asynchronous power supplies 21 to 23 fluctuates, the energy conversion equipment 9 is connected to the in-house loads such as the electric motors 5a so as to absorb the fluctuations. It becomes possible to supply electricity.
  • the control means 7 controls the solar power plants 201 and 202 (second power plant) and the wind power plant 203 (although a case has been described in which a part of the power generated by the second power plant is used, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • all of the power generated by the solar power plants 201, 202, etc. (second power plant) may be used as internal power of the nuclear power plant 100 (first power plant).
  • second power plants a case will be described in which two solar power plants 201 and 202 (see FIG. 1) and one wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1) are used as “second power plants”.
  • the number and type of “second power plants” can be changed as appropriate.
  • the number of “second power plants” may be one or two, or may be four or more.
  • control means 7 controls the inverter 6 (see FIG. 2), but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the control means 7 may control at least one of the circuit breakers 2a to 2f in addition to the inverter 6. Further, in each embodiment, a case has been described in which the control means 7 is provided in the nuclear power plant 100, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a server (not shown) provided outside the nuclear power plant 100 may perform at least part of the functions of the control means 7.
  • the "first power plant” that generates power using a synchronous power source is the nuclear power plant 100 (see FIG. 1), but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a thermal power plant or a hydroelectric power plant may be used as the "first power plant”.
  • the "second power plant” that generates power using the asynchronous power sources 21 to 23 is the solar power plant 201, 202 (see FIG. 1) or the wind power plant 203 (see FIG. 1).
  • the case has been described, the case is not limited to this.
  • a power generation facility for biomass power generation or temperature difference power generation may be used as the "second power plant.”
  • each embodiment is described in detail to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to having all the configurations described. Furthermore, it is possible to add, delete, or replace some of the configurations of the embodiments with other configurations. Further, the mechanisms and configurations described above are those considered necessary for explanation, and not all mechanisms and configurations are necessarily shown in the product. Further, the power lines and signal lines shown are those considered necessary for explanation, and not all power lines and signal lines are necessarily shown in the product. In reality, almost all components may be considered to be interconnected.

Abstract

L'invention concerne, entre autres, un système d'alimentation électrique qui contribue à la stabilité d'un système électrique. Le système d'alimentation électrique (E1) comprend un moyen de commande (7) pour utiliser, en tant qu'énergie sur site à utiliser dans un moteur (5a) ou une autre charge (5b) pendant le fonctionnement ordinaire d'une centrale nucléaire (100) qui génère de l'énergie à l'aide d'un générateur d'énergie principal (1), qui est une source d'énergie synchrone, au moins une partie de l'énergie générée au niveau d'une centrale solaire ou d'une centrale éolienne qui génère de l'énergie à l'aide d'une source d'énergie asynchrone. Le moyen de commande (7) utilise au moins une partie de l'énergie générée au niveau d'une centrale solaire ou d'une centrale éolienne pour l'énergie sur site pendant le fonctionnement ordinaire de la centrale nucléaire (100), ce qui permet de réduire le taux de consommation sur site de la centrale nucléaire (100).
PCT/JP2022/015878 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Système d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'alimentation électrique WO2023188081A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110492601A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-22 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种多能互济火电厂厂用电源系统及其控制方法
JP2021132472A (ja) * 2020-02-20 2021-09-09 株式会社東芝 蓄エネルギ設備の制御システム及び制御方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110492601A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-22 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种多能互济火电厂厂用电源系统及其控制方法
JP2021132472A (ja) * 2020-02-20 2021-09-09 株式会社東芝 蓄エネルギ設備の制御システム及び制御方法

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