WO2023184376A1 - 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023184376A1
WO2023184376A1 PCT/CN2022/084488 CN2022084488W WO2023184376A1 WO 2023184376 A1 WO2023184376 A1 WO 2023184376A1 CN 2022084488 W CN2022084488 W CN 2022084488W WO 2023184376 A1 WO2023184376 A1 WO 2023184376A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slit opening
holographic antenna
slit
switch
switch unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/084488
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周健
王龙
刘跃华
曲峰
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方技术开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/084488 priority Critical patent/WO2023184376A1/zh
Priority to CN202280000624.6A priority patent/CN117157835A/zh
Publication of WO2023184376A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184376A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a holographic antenna, a beam control method, electronic equipment and a computer-readable medium.
  • Antenna beam steering that is, the reconfiguration of the antenna’s far-field radiation pattern.
  • the antenna radiation can be controlled by optimizing the design parameters of the antenna, such as the form, position, arrangement of the antenna radiating unit, and the amplitude and phase of the unit excitation, so as to obtain the target antenna radiation far-field pattern.
  • the beam reconfigurability performance of the antenna is very important.
  • optimization methods are mainly divided into traditional beam control and beam control with modern intelligent algorithms.
  • Traditional beam control methods include Dolph-Chebyshev&Taylor synthesis method, Fourier transform method, Woodward-Lawson method, etc.
  • Modern intelligent algorithms for beam control include genetic algorithms, simulated annealing algorithms, particle swarm algorithms, etc. Starting from the optimization of excitation weights, the optimization methods can be divided into: controlling the amplitude and phase of the unit simultaneously, controlling only the phase of the unit, and controlling only the amplitude of the unit.
  • the calculation process of the traditional beam control method is simple, its scope of application is relatively narrow.
  • phase shifters are used to control the phase of each radiating unit.
  • equipment costs and power consumption will tend to increase, seriously restricting this technology.
  • future development, mass production and marketing If you only change the amplitude of the radiating unit without introducing a phase shifter, the complexity of device design will be greatly reduced, and it can be combined with mature leaky wave antenna design solutions to achieve easy design, easy processing, integration, and Low power consumption and other advantageous beam control methods.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a holographic antenna, a beam control method, electronic equipment and a computer-readable medium.
  • a holographic antenna which includes: a dielectric substrate, a radiation layer, a reference electrode layer, and a plurality of switch units; the dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely; The radiation layer is provided on the first surface, and the reference electrode layer is provided on the second surface; a plurality of slit openings are provided on the first radiation layer; the switch unit is provided corresponding to the slit openings. , configured to control the switch state of the slit opening; wherein the holographic antenna further includes:
  • a calculation module configured to obtain the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening based on the position information of the slit opening, the target pointing angle and the simulation frequency, and through an amplitude sampling function;
  • a processing module configured to discretize the excitation amplitude values of each of the slit openings to obtain discrete results
  • the control module is configured to control the switch unit according to the discrete result to control the switch state of the slit opening.
  • the radiation layer includes a microstrip line; the slit openings are arranged side by side along the extension direction of the microstrip line, and the length direction of the slit openings is perpendicular to the extension direction of the microstrip line.
  • the number of the microstrip lines is at least two, and the microstrip lines are arranged at intervals.
  • the switch unit includes any one of a PIN diode, a variable reactance diode, a liquid crystal switch, and a MEMS switch.
  • the method further includes a feeding structure configured to feed the radiation layer.
  • the feeding structure includes waveguide feeding or power dividing network feeding.
  • the width of the slit opening ranges from ⁇ g/10 to ⁇ g/20; the length of the slit opening ranges from ⁇ g/2 to ⁇ g/6.
  • the radiation layer includes a metal grid structure.
  • inventions of the present disclosure provide a beam control method applied to a holographic antenna.
  • the holographic antenna includes: a dielectric substrate, a radiation layer, and a plurality of switch units; the dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a plurality of oppositely arranged first surfaces. a second surface; the radiation layer is provided on the first surface, and the reference electrode layer is provided on the second surface; a plurality of slit openings are provided on the first radiation layer; the switch unit and the The slit openings are provided correspondingly and configured to control the switching state of the slit openings; the method includes:
  • the excitation amplitude value of each of the slit openings is obtained through the amplitude sampling function
  • the switch unit is controlled to control the switch state of the slit opening.
  • the method also includes:
  • Interference is performed based on the reference wave and the target wave to obtain the interference wave;
  • the interference wave is calculated through a preset algorithm to obtain the amplitude sampling function.
  • the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening is discretized to obtain a discretization result, and the switch unit is controlled according to the discretization result to control the slit opening.
  • the steps for switching states include:
  • the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening is discretized, and the discrete threshold is t, 0 ⁇ t ⁇ 1; when the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening is not less than t, the discrete result M is recorded as 1 , when the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening is less than t, the discrete result M is obtained and is recorded as 0;
  • the switch unit When the discrete result M is 1, the switch unit is controlled to be in an open state, so that the first slit opening is in an open state; when the discrete result M is 0, the switch unit is controlled to be in an off state, so that the first slit opening is in an open state.
  • One slit opening is closed.
  • an electronic device which includes:
  • processors one or more processors
  • Memory used to store one or more programs
  • the one or more processors When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the above display control method.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program implements the steps in the above display control method when executed by a processor.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary antenna.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary switch unit.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary switch unit.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another exemplary switch unit.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary holographic antenna.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the microstrip line of the holographic antenna of FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a feeding schematic diagram of the holographic antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is another feeding schematic diagram of the holographic antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is another feeding schematic diagram of the entire antenna system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another exemplary holographic antenna.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the radiation layer of a two-dimensional holographic antenna.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional full system antenna.
  • Figure 13 is a flow chart of a beam control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 14 is a partial structural diagram of a holographic antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary holographic antenna; as shown in FIG. 1 , the antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiation layer 11, a feed structure and a plurality of switch units.
  • the radiation layer 11 includes but is not limited to microstrip lines.
  • the radiation layer 11 includes microstrip lines.
  • the microstrip line is disposed on the dielectric substrate 10, and the microstrip line has a plurality of slit openings 111 arranged side by side along its extension direction, and the length direction of the slit openings 111 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the microstrip line.
  • the feed structure adopts a waveguide feed structure 40 and is arranged on the side of the dielectric substrate 10 away from the microstrip line.
  • the waveguide feed structure 40 is equivalent to the reference electrode layer 12 .
  • the waveguide cavity of the waveguide feed structure 40 can be filled with low-loss polymer material 41 to achieve the effect of a slow-wave waveguide.
  • the medium in the waveguide cavity can also be air.
  • the switch unit is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slit opening 111 and is configured to control whether the slit opening 111 can feed out the radio frequency signal. This can be achieved by controlling the switching state of the slit opening 111 through the switching state of the corresponding switch unit according to the beam direction.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary switch unit; as shown in Figure 2, the switch unit can be a PIN diode or a variable reactance diode Varactor.
  • the switch unit can be a PIN diode or a variable reactance diode Varactor.
  • a PIN diode or a variable reactance diode Varactor can be integrated with the slit opening 111 to achieve dual-value amplitude or continuous amplitude control capability.
  • the input bias voltage is controlled to the PIN diode, thereby controlling the forward bias/reverse bias of the PIN diode.
  • the input bias voltage to the PIN diode is greater than its conduction threshold, and the PIN diode is turned on; when the slit opening 111 is required to be in the off state, at this time, the input to the PIN diode When the bias voltage is less than its conduction threshold, the PIN diode turns off.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary switch unit; as shown in FIG. 3 , the switch unit is a liquid crystal switch, that is, a counter substrate 30 is provided opposite to the dielectric substrate 10 , and the counter substrate 30 is provided with The control electrode 31 is provided with a liquid crystal layer 32 between the layer where the control electrode 31 is located and the layer where the microstrip line is located on the counter substrate 30 .
  • the control electrode 31 is provided with a liquid crystal layer 32 between the layer where the control electrode 31 is located and the layer where the microstrip line is located on the counter substrate 30 .
  • FIG 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another exemplary switch unit; as shown in Figure 4, the switch unit is a MEMS switch.
  • the switch unit is a MEMS switch.
  • a counter substrate 30 is provided opposite to the dielectric substrate 10 .
  • the counter substrate 30 is a flexible substrate.
  • a patch electrode 34 is provided on the counter substrate 30 , and the patch electrode 34 corresponds to the slit opening 111 one-to-one. Set, at this time, by applying voltage to the patch electrode 34, the distance between the patch electrode 34 and the slit opening 111 is adjusted under the action of the electric field force, thereby achieving continuous regulation of the radiation amplitude of the radio frequency signal.
  • FIG 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary holographic antenna
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the microstrip line of the holographic antenna of Figure 5; as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiation layer 11, a reference Electrode layer 12 and switching unit.
  • the radiation layer 11 and the reference electrode layer 12 are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate 10.
  • the radiation layer 11 includes but is not limited to microstrip lines. In this example, the radiation layer 11 includes microstrip lines.
  • the microstrip line has an excitation port 11a and a load port 11b, and a main body portion 11c connected between the excitation port 11a and the load port 11b; the main body portion 11c has a plurality of slit openings 111 arranged side by side along its extension direction.
  • the width of the excitation port 11a increases monotonically; in the direction in which the load port 11b points to the excitation port 11a, the width of the load port 11b increases monotonically.
  • the switch unit is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the slit opening 111 and is configured to control whether the slit opening 111 can feed out the radio frequency signal.
  • the structure of the switch unit can adopt any structure in Figures 2-4, so the details will not be repeated here. This can be achieved by controlling the switching state of the slit opening 111 through the switching state of the corresponding switch unit according to the beam direction.
  • an SMA can be used to feed the excitation port 11a of the microstrip line.
  • the excitation port 11a of the holographic antenna can be an SMA feed port, with a gradient port set to feed the auxiliary electrical signal, and the other end is a load port 11b, with a 50 ⁇ matching load.
  • the size of the slit opening 111 should be smaller than the half-wavelength ⁇ g/2 in the medium, here it is set to ⁇ g/3.
  • the length of the slit opening can be between ⁇ g/2 and ⁇ g/6, and the width can be between ⁇ g/2 and ⁇ g/6.
  • a deviation of 10 to 20% is usually allowed under the optimized size. Within this range, it has little impact on the beam pointing accuracy, so the process compatibility can be improved.
  • the holographic antenna includes multiple microstrip lines, and multiple microstrip lines are arranged side by side.
  • a single-port waveguide feed structure 40 can be used, or a waveguide center-fed waveguide feed structure 40 as shown in Figure 8 can be used.
  • the waveguide feed structure 40 as shown in Figure 9 can also be used. Indicates power splitter feed.
  • a phase shifter 50 can be connected to the excitation port 11a of each microstrip line, that is, a single-port waveguide feed structure 40 is used.
  • the RF signal fed by the port waveguide feed or the waveguide center feed is phase-shifted by the phase shifter 50 and then the RF signal is fed into the microstrip line.
  • the reason for this setting is because the excitation ports 11a and 11a of the microstrip line at different positions are The distance between the feed ends of the single-port waveguide feed or the waveguide center feed is different. Therefore, by setting the phase shifter 50 for phase shifting, the additional transmission phase introduced due to different port positions can be offset.
  • FIG 10 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another exemplary holographic antenna; as shown in Figure 10, no matter which of the above structures is used for the holographic antenna, a rotating component 60 can be provided in the holographic antenna, and the rotating component 60 can rotate on the dielectric substrate 10 connection to control the dielectric substrate 10 to achieve 360° rotation in the horizontal direction.
  • the switching state of the switch unit can be controlled to control the amplitude adjustment of the radio frequency signal radiated by the slit opening 111, and continuous scanning of the pitch angle in the two directions of azimuth 0° and 180° can be achieved.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the radiation layer 11 of a two-dimensional holographic antenna
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional holographic antenna; as shown in Figures 11 and 12, an array with a narrow array is formed on the radiation layer 11 Slit opening 111.
  • the holographic antenna is a two-dimensional dynamic holographic antenna, which can realize omnidirectional beam scanning. Due to the asymmetry of the slot opening in the design direction, during the omnidirectional scanning process, The polarization of the beam will change. Subsequently, co-polarized omnidirectional beam scanning can be achieved by using a vertically crossing rectangular slot opening design or a circular slit opening 111 (aperture) design.
  • the radiation layer 11 thereof can be a metal mesh structure.
  • the reference electrode layer 12 can also be a metal mesh structure.
  • the metal mesh structure can be formed on the flexible substrate, and then bonded to the dielectric substrate 10 through an adhesive layer.
  • the materials of the flexible substrate include but are not limited to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide (PI), cycloolefin polymer plastics (Copolymers of Cycloolefin; COP), etc.
  • the material of the adhesive layer includes but is not limited to transparent optical adhesive (Optically Clear Adhesive; OCA).
  • the material of the dielectric substrate includes but is not limited to PCB, PET, and polymer low-loss dielectric materials.
  • Holographic antennas have a wide range of application scenarios. Because holographic antennas have the advantages of beam reconfiguration, multi-beam generation, multi-frequency beam generation and high-gain beam focusing, they have been used in satellite communications, mobile communications, imaging, wireless charging and multi-user MIMO and other aspects have gained important applications.
  • FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a beam control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a beam control method for a holographic antenna, and the holographic antenna can use any of the above-mentioned antennas.
  • the method includes:
  • step S10 the position information of the slit opening 111 on the microstrip line of the holographic antenna can be stored in advance; the simulation frequency can be 26GHz, or any frequency point from 24GHz to 28GHz; the target pointing angle can be 0° , ⁇ 40°, ⁇ 60°, etc. Other angles can also be selected. Afterwards, based on the holographic principle and the amplitude sampling function, the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening 111 is obtained.
  • step S10 a step of obtaining an amplitude sampling function is also included.
  • This step may specifically include:
  • the interference wave can be obtained by multiplying the target wave using the conjugate of the reference wave.
  • the principle of holography is as follows: the interference pattern is obtained by interference between the reference wave and the target wave.
  • Target wave the interference pattern is obtained by interference between the reference wave and the target wave.
  • k f is the target wave vector
  • k s is the reference wave vector
  • the interference pattern information (interference wave) is expressed as follows:
  • 2 is the important interference pattern information of the target wave, which can be known from the formula. Therefore, when the reference wave interacts with the interference pattern, it can be obtained with a specific beam angle (horizontal angle ⁇ 0 ; beam pointing angle ⁇ 0 ).
  • step S02 can be carried out by expanding Euler's formula on the e-exponential function of the interference wave to obtain the real part, that is, the cosine function.
  • amplitude factors such as X i and M i, are added, At this time, the amplitude sampling function can be as follows:
  • ⁇ m,i ( ⁇ ) X i +M i cos( ⁇ x i +kx i sin ⁇ 0 )
  • X i and M i are amplitude constants respectively, X i ⁇ M i , ⁇ is the reference wave propagation constant, k is the target propagation constant, the target pointing angle is set to ⁇ 0 , and x i is the slit opening position.
  • step S20 may include discretizing the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening 111, and the discretization threshold is t, 0 ⁇ t ⁇ 1; when the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening 111 is not less than t, The discrete result M is recorded as 1. When the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening 111 is less than t, the discrete result M is recorded as 0.
  • the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening 1111 obtained in step S10 is 0.79
  • the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening 1112 is 0.35.
  • the slit The discrete result M of the excitation amplitude value m of the opening 1111 is recorded as 1, and the discrete result M of the excitation amplitude value m of the slit opening 1111 is recorded as 0.
  • the excitation amplitude value m of 64 slit openings 111 can be Discrete result M.
  • the size of the discrete threshold t needs to be adjusted.
  • the millimeter-wave holographic antenna obtained according to different discrete thresholds t is simulated through electromagnetic software to obtain a millimeter-wave holographic antenna simulation diagram; the millimeter-wave holographic antenna simulation diagram is weighted with the amplitude of the holographic antenna. Compare the theoretical simulation diagrams to find the required discrete threshold t. In this way, when the millimeter-wave holographic antenna simulation diagram is closest to the amplitude-weighted theoretical simulation diagram of the holographic antenna, the discrete threshold t corresponding to the millimeter-wave holographic antenna simulation diagram is used as the required discrete threshold t.
  • step S20 when the excitation amplitude value m of each slit opening 111 is discretized and the discrete result M is recorded as 0 or 1, in step S30, when the discrete result M is 1, the control switch unit is When the discrete result M is 0, the switch unit is controlled to be in an off state, so that the first slit opening 111 is in a closed state.
  • FIG 14 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a holographic antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 14, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a holographic antenna.
  • the holographic antenna can include the structure of the above-mentioned holographic antenna, and also includes: a computing module, processing module and control module.
  • the calculation module is configured to obtain the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening 111 based on the position information of the slit opening 111, the target pointing angle and the simulation frequency, and through the amplitude sampling function
  • the processing module is configured to obtain the excitation amplitude value of each slit opening 111.
  • the excitation amplitude value of the slit opening 111 is discretized to obtain a discrete result;
  • the control module is configured to control the switch unit according to the discrete result to control the switching state of the slit opening 111.
  • the computing module in the implementation of the present disclosure can be used to perform step S10 in the above-mentioned beam control method; the processing module can be used to perform step S20 in the above-mentioned beam control method; and the control module can be used to perform the steps in the above-mentioned beam control method. S30.
  • the computing module, processing module, and control module in embodiments of the present disclosure may be integrated together.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electronic device includes: one or more processors 101, a memory 102, and one or more I/O interfaces 103.
  • One or more programs are stored on the memory 102.
  • the one or more processors implement the display control method as in any of the above embodiments;
  • one One or more I/O interfaces 103 are connected between the processor and the memory, and are configured to realize information exchange between the processor and the memory.
  • the processor 101 is a device with data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), etc.
  • the memory 102 is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically Such as SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH);
  • the I/O interface (read-write interface) 103 is connected between the processor 101 and the memory 102 , can realize information interaction between the processor 101 and the memory 102, which includes but is not limited to a data bus (Bus), etc.
  • processor 101 memory 102, and I/O interface 103 are connected to each other and, in turn, to other components of the computing device via bus 104.
  • the one or more processors 101 include a field programmable gate array FPGA.
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, the steps in the image display control method in any of the above embodiments are implemented.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product including a computer program carried on a machine-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the method illustrated in the flowchart.
  • the computer program may be downloaded and installed from the network via the communications component, and/or installed from removable media.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the computer-readable medium shown in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the above two.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard drive, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), removable memory.
  • PROM or flash memory Programmd read-only memory
  • fiber optics portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code therein. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • a computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device .
  • Program code embodied on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code that contains one or more components that implement the specified logical function(s). executable instructions.
  • the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown one after another may actually execute substantially in parallel, or they may sometimes execute in the reverse order, depending on the functionality involved.
  • each block of the block diagram and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and/or flowchart illustration can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations. , or can be implemented using a combination of specialized hardware and computer instructions.
  • the circuits or sub-circuits described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in software or hardware.
  • the described circuit or sub-circuit can also be provided in a processor.
  • a processor including: a receiving circuit and a processing circuit.
  • the processing module includes a writing sub-circuit and a reading sub-circuit.
  • the names of these circuits or sub-circuits do not constitute a limitation on the circuit or sub-circuit itself under certain circumstances.
  • a receiving circuit can also be described as "receiving video signals".

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质，属于通信技术领域。本公开的全息天线，其包括：介质基板、辐射层、参考电极层、多个开关单元；介质基板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；辐射层设置在第一表面，参考电极层设置在第二表面；第一辐射层上设置有多个狭缝开口；开关单元与狭缝开口对应设置；其中，全息天线还包括：计算模块，被配置为根据狭缝开口的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，并通过幅度采样函数，获取各狭缝开口的激励幅度值；处理模块，被配置为对各狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；控制模块，被配置为根据离散结果，对开关单元的进行控制，以控制狭缝开口的开关状态。

Description

全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质 技术领域
本公开属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质。
背景技术
天线波束控制，即天线远场辐射方向图的可重构。可通过优化天线的设计参数，如天线辐射单元的形式、位置、排列方式以及单元激励的幅度和相位等，对天线辐射进行调控，从而获得目标天线辐射远场方向图。对于通信系统，天线的波束可重构性能非常重要。在阵列天线波束控制领域，已经研究出了一系列的波束控制方法。优化方法主要分为传统波束控制和现代智能算法的波束控制。传统的波束控制方法有Dolph-Chebyshev&Taylor综合法、傅里叶变换法、Woodward-Lawson法等。现代的智能算法的波束控制有遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群算法等。从激励权值的优化出发，可以将优化方法分为：同时控制单元的幅度和相位，仅控制单元的相位以及仅控制单元的幅度。传统的波束控制方法计算过程虽然简单，但适用范围相对较窄，对于复杂的天线系统来说，很难利用上述的方法进行优化和设计。因此，智能算法的出现逐渐开始应用于天线波束控制的研究中，很好地解决了多波束控制等复杂方向图的波束控制难题。
目前，常用的波束控制方案基于相控阵原理，主要利用移相器控制每一个辐射单元的相位，但是随着移相器的引入，设备成本以及功耗会趋于增大，严重制约该技术的未来发展、批量生产及市场推广。如果仅通过改变辐射单元的幅度，而不需要引入移相器，将会大大降低器件设计的复杂度，而且可以结合成熟的漏波天线的设计方案，从而实现易设计、易加工、可集成、低功耗等优势波束调控方法。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提供一种全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种全息天线，其包括：介质基板、辐射层、参考电极层、多个开关单元；所述介质基板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；所述辐射层设置在所述第一表面，所述参考电极层设置在所述第二表面；所述第一辐射层上设置有多个狭缝开口；所述开关单元与所述狭缝开口对应设置，被配置为控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态；其中，所述全息天线还包括：
计算模块，被配置为根据所述狭缝开口的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，并通过幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值；
处理模块，被配置为对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；
控制模块，被配置为根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态。
其中，所述辐射层包括微带线；所述狭缝开口沿所述微带线的延伸方向并排设置，且所述狭缝开口的长度方向与所述微带线的延伸方向垂直。
其中，所述微带线的数量至少为两个，且各所述微带线间隔设置。
其中，所述开关单元包括PIN二极管、可变电抗二极管、液晶开关、MEMS开关中的任意一种。
其中，还包括馈电结构被配置为所述辐射层进行馈电。
其中，所述馈电结构包括波导馈电或者功分网络馈电。
其中，所述狭缝开口的宽度在λg/10～λg/20；所述狭缝开口的长度在λg/2～λg/6。
其中，所述辐射层包括金属网格结构。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种波束控制方法，应用于全息天线中，所述全息天线包括：介质基板、辐射层、多个开关单元；所述介质基板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；所述辐射层设置在所述第一表面，所述参考电极层设置在所述第二表面；所述第一辐射层上设置有多个狭缝开口；所 述开关单元与所述狭缝开口对应设置，被配置为控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态；所述方法包括：
根据所述狭缝开口的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，通过幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值；
对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；
根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态。
其中，所述方法还包括：
基于参考波和目标波进行干涉，获取干涉波；
通过预设算法对干涉波进行运算，获取所述幅度采样函数。
其中，所述对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果，以及所述根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态的步骤包括：
将各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，离散阈值为t，0＜t＜1；当所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值m不小于t时，得到离散结果M记为1，当所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值m小于t时，得到离散结果M记为0；
当离散结果M为1时，则控制开关单元呈开态，以使所述第一狭缝开口呈开态；当离散结果M为0时，则控制开关单元呈关态，以使所述第一狭缝开口呈关态。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种电子设备，其包括：
一个或多个处理器；
存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；
当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如上述的显示控制方法。
第四方面，本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序在被处理器执行时实现如上述的显示控制方法 中的步骤。
附图说明
图1为一种示例性的天线的结构示意图。
图2为一种示例性的开关单元的示意图。
图3为另一种示例性的开关单元的示意图。
图4为再一种示例性的开关单元的示意图。
图5为另一种示例性的全息天线的结构示意图。
图6为图5的全息天线的微带线的俯视图。
图7为本公开实施例的全息天线的一种馈电示意图。
图8为本公开实施例的全息天线的另一种馈电示意图。
图9为本公开实施例的全系天线的再一种馈电示意图。
图10为再一种示例性的全息天线的结构示意图。
图11为一种二维全息天线的辐射层的示意图。
图12为一种二维全系息天线的结构示意图。
图13为本公开实施例的波束控制方法的流程图。
图14为本公开实施例的全息天线的部分结构示意图。
图15为本公开实施例的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词 前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
第一方面，图1为一种示例性的全息天线的结构示意图；如图1所示，该天线包括介质基板10、辐射层11、馈电结构和多个开关单元。其中，辐射层11包括但不限于微带线，在该示例中以辐射层11包括微带线为例。微带线设置在介质基板10上，且该微带线上具有沿其延伸方向并排设置多个狭缝开口111，且狭缝开口111的长度方向与微带线的延伸方向相互垂直。馈电结构采用波导馈电结构40，设置在介质基板10背离微带线的一侧，也即波导馈电结构40相当于参考电极层12。在波导馈电结构40的波导腔内可以填充低损耗的聚合物材料41，以实现慢波波导的效果。当然在波导腔内也可以为空气介质。开关单元则与狭缝开口111一一对应设置，被配置控制狭缝开口111的是否可以将射频信号进行馈出。根据波束方向可以通过相应的开关单元的开关状态，以控制狭缝开口111的开关状态来实现。
图2为一种示例性的开关单元的示意图；如图2所示，开关单元可以为PIN二极管，也可以为可变电抗二极管Varactor。在该种情况下，可以将PIN二极管或者可变电抗二极管Varactor与狭缝开口111集成，从而实现双值幅度或者连续幅度调控能力。例如：以开关单元采用PIN二极管为例，控制给PIN二极管输入偏置电压，从而控制PIN二极管的正偏/反偏。当需要狭缝开口111处于开态时，此时，给PIN二极管输入偏置电压大于其导通阈值，PIN二极管导通；当需要狭缝开口111处于关态时，此时，给PIN二极管输入偏置电压小于其导通阈值，PIN二极管关断。
图3为另一种示例性的开关单元的示意图；如图3所示，该开关单元为液晶开关，也即，设置与介质基板10相对设置的对置基板30，对置基板30上设置有控制电极31，在对置基板30的控制电极31所在层与微带线所在层之间设置有液晶层32。通过改变施加在控制电极31的电压，改变液晶层 32的液晶分子的偏转角度，从而实现狭缝开口111辐射出的射频信号幅度的连续调控。
图4为再一种示例性的开关单元的示意图；如图4所示，该开关单元为MEMS开关。例如：在设置与介质基板10相对设置的对置基板30，对置基板30采用柔性基板，在对置基板30上设置有贴片电极34，且贴片电极34与狭缝开口111一一对应设置，此时通过给贴片电极34施加电压，在电场力的作用下调节贴片电极34与狭缝开口111之间的距离，从而实现连续调控射频信号的辐射幅度。
图5为另一种示例性的全息天线的结构示意图；图6为图5的全息天线的微带线的俯视图；如图5和6所示，该天线包括介质基板10、辐射层11、参考电极层12和开关单元。辐射层11和参考电极层12分别设置在介质基板10的两相对侧上。辐射层11包括但不限于微带线，在该示例中以辐射层11包括微带线为例。该微带线具有激励端口11a和负载端口11b，以及连接在激励端口11a和负载端口11b之间的主体部11c；在主体部11c上具有延其延伸方向并排设置的多个狭缝开口111。在激励端口11a指向负载端口11b的方向上，激励端口11a的宽度单调增；在负载端口11b指向激励端口11a的方向上，负载端口11b的宽度单调增。开关单元则与狭缝开口111一一对应设置，被配置控制狭缝开口111的是否可以将射频信号进行馈出。其中，开关单元的结构可以采用图2-4中的任一结构，故在此不再重复赘述。根据波束方向可以通过相应的开关单元的开关状态，以控制狭缝开口111的开关状态来实现。
进一步的，对于该天线可以采用SMA向微带线的激励端口11a进行馈电。
在一些示例中，继续参照图5，全息天线的激励端口11a可以为SMA馈电口，设置渐变口辅助电信号馈入，在另一端为负载端口11b，设置有50Ω匹配负载。为了能够较充分采样，狭缝开口111的尺寸要小于介质中半波长λg/2，此处设置为λg/3，漏缝开口长度可以在λg/2～λg/6之间，宽度在λg/10～λg/20之间，通常在优化后的尺寸下可允许有10～20％偏差，在此范 围内对波束指向精度影响较小，为此可提高工艺兼容度。
针对一维全息天线用于卫星通信中需要提高辐射增益要求的情况，则需要件更多个一维天线进行并排设置，也即该全息天线包括多个微带线，多个微带线并排设置。如图7所示，对于各微带线可以采用单端口的波导馈电结构40，也可以采用如图8所示的波导中心馈电的波导馈电结构40，当然还可以采用如图9所示功分器馈电。参照图7和8所示，当采用单端口的波导馈电结构40和波导中心馈电的波导馈电结构40时，在各微带线的激励端口11a可以连接移相器50，也即单端口波导馈电或者波导中心馈电所馈入的射频信号经过移相器50移相后再将射频信号馈入微带线，之所以如此设置是因为由于不同位置的微带线的激励端口11a与单端口波导馈电或者波导中心馈电馈入端的距离不同，故通过设置移相器50进行移相，可以抵消由于端口位置不同而引入的额外的传输相位。
图10为再一种示例性的全息天线的结构示意图；如图10所示，无论全息天线采用上述任一结构，均可以在全息天线中设置旋转组件60，该旋转组件60可以介质基板10转动连接，以控制介质基板10可以在水平方向实现360°的旋转。在该种情况下，可以通过控制开关单元的开关状态，从而控制狭缝开口111辐射射频信号的幅度调整，可以实现方位角为0°与180°两个方向上的俯仰角的连续扫描，为了实现整个空间全向的波束指向，需通过旋转组件60控制水平方位整个360°内的扫描，从而可以实现整个空间的可重构波束扫描能力。
图11为一种二维全息天线的辐射层11的示意图；图12为一种二维全系息天线的结构示意图；如图11和12所示，该辐射层11上形成有阵列排布狭缝开口111，当全息天线中应用该辐射层11时，该全息天线为二维动态全息天线，其可以实现全向波束扫描，通过设计方向由于缝隙开口的不对称性，全向扫描过程中，波束的极化会有所改变，后续可以通过利用垂直交叉的矩形缝隙开口设计或者圆形狭缝开口111(孔隙)的设计方案等实现同极化的全向波束扫描。
无论全息天线采用上述任一结构，其中的辐射层11均可以为金属网格 结构，当天线包括参考电极层12，参考电极层12也可采用金属网格结构。该金属网格结构可以形成在柔性基材上，之后通过粘合层与介质基板10相贴合。柔性基材的材料包括但不限于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene Terephthalate；PET)或者聚酰亚胺(PI)、环烯烃聚合物塑料(Copolymers of Cycloolefin；COP)等。粘合层的材料包括但不限于透明光学胶(Optically Clear Adhesive；OCA)。
无论全息天线采用上述任一结构，其中的介质基板的材料包括但不限于为PCB、PET以及聚合物低损耗介质材料。
全息天线具有很广阔的应用场景，由于全息天线具有波束可重构、多波束生成、多频率的波束生成以及高增益波束聚焦等优势，已经在卫星通信、移动通信、成像、无线充电以及多用户MIMO等方面获得重要应用。
第二方面，图13为本公开实施例的波束控制方法的流程图；如图13所示，本公开实施例提供一种全息天线的波束控制方法，该全息天线可以采用上述任一天线。该方法包括：
S10、根据狭缝开口111的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，通过幅度采样函数，获取各狭缝开口111的激励幅度值。
在步骤S10中，全息天线的微带线上的狭缝开口111的位置信息可以预先存储；仿真频率可以为26GHz，也可以是24GHz～28GHz中的任一频点；目标指向角度可以为0°、±40°、±60°等，也可以选取其他角度。之后，基于全息原理并根据幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口111的激励幅度值。
在一些示例中，在步骤S10之前还包括获取幅度采样函数的步骤，该步骤具体可以包括：
S01、通过参考波和目标波进行干涉，得到干涉波。
在步骤S01中可以通过利用参考波的共轭与目标波相乘获得干涉波。
需要说明的是，全息原理如下：通过参考波和目标波进行干涉，得到干涉图案。目标波：
Figure PCTCN2022084488-appb-000001
参考波：
Figure PCTCN2022084488-appb-000002
其中，k f为目标波波矢量；k s为参考波波矢量；干涉图案信息(干涉波)表示如下：
T∝|ψ obj+ψ ref| 2
Figure PCTCN2022084488-appb-000003
其中，ψ obj|ψ ref| 2为目标波的重要干涉图案信息，由公式可知，因此当参考波与干涉图案作用时，则可以得到具有特定波束角度(水平方向角度θ 0；波束指向角度φ 0)。
S02、根据预设算法对干涉波进行运算，得到幅度采样函数。
以一维天线为例，步骤S02具体可以通过对干涉波的e指数函数进行欧拉公式展开取实部即余弦函数，为了保证幅度采样一直为正，添加幅度因子如X i和M i,，此时，幅度采样函数可以如下：
α m，i(ω)＝X i+M icos(βx i+kx isinφ 0)
X i和M i分别为幅度常数，X i≥M i，β为参考波传播常数，k为目标传播常数，设定目标指向角度为φ 0，x i为狭缝开口位置。
S20、对各狭缝开口111的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果。
在一些示例中，步骤S20可以包括对各狭缝开口111的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，离散阈值为t，0＜t＜1；当狭缝开口111的激励幅度值m不小于t时，得到离散结果M记为1，当狭缝开口111的激励幅度值m小于t时，得到离散结果M记为0。
例如：t＝0.5，狭缝开口111的数量为64个，在步骤S10中获取得到狭缝开口1111的激励幅度值m为0.79，狭缝开口1112的激励幅度值m为0.35，此时狭缝开口1111的激励幅度值m的离散结果M记作1，狭缝开口1111的激励幅度值m的离散结果M记作0，按照同样的方法则可以64个狭缝开口111的激励幅度值m的离散结果M。
需要说明的是，离散阈值t大小是需要调整的，根据不同离散阈值t得到的毫米波全息天线通过电磁软件仿真得到毫米波全息天线仿真图；将毫米 波全息天线仿真图与全息天线的幅度加权理论仿真图进行比对，找到所需的离散阈值t。如此，当毫米波全息天线仿真图与全息天线的幅度加权理论仿真图最为接近时，将毫米波全息天线仿真图应的离散阈值t作为所需的离散阈值t。
S30、根据离散结果控制开关单元的开关状态，以控制狭缝开口111的开关状态。
具体的，当在步骤S20中各狭缝开口111的激励幅度值m进行离散处理，离散结果M记作0或1时，在步骤S30中，当离散结果M为1时，则控制开关单元呈开态，以使所述第一狭缝开口111呈开态；当离散结果M为0时，则控制开关单元呈关态，以使所述第一狭缝开口111呈关态。
图14为本公开实施例的全息天线的部分结构示意图；如图14所示，本公开实施例还提供一种全息天线，该全息天线可以包括上述全息天线中结构，而且还包括：计算模块、处理模块和控制模块。其中，计算模块被配置为根据狭缝开口111的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，并通过幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口111的激励幅度值；处理模块被配置为对各所述狭缝开口111的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；控制模块被配置为根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制狭缝开口111的开关状态。
需要说明的是，本公开实施中的计算模块可用于执行上述波束控制方法中的步骤S10；处理模块可用于执行上述波束控制方法中的步骤S20；控制模块可用于执行上述波束控制方法中的步骤S30。
在一些示例中，本公开实施例中的计算模块、处理模块和控制模块可集成在一起。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种电子设备，图15为本公开实施例的一种电子设备的结构示意图。如图15所示，该电子设备包括：一个或多个处理器101、存储器102、一个或多个I/O接口103。存储器102上存储有一个或多个程序，当该一个或多个程序被该一个或多个处理器执行，使得该一 个或多个处理器实现如上述实施例中任一的显示控制方法；一个或多个I/O接口103连接在处理器与存储器之间，配置为实现处理器与存储器的信息交互。
其中，处理器101为具有数据处理能力的器件，其包括但不限于中央处理器(CPU)等；存储器102为具有数据存储能力的器件，其包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)；I/O接口(读写接口)103连接在处理器101与存储器102间，能实现处理器101与存储器102的信息交互，其包括但不限于数据总线(Bus)等。
在一些实施例中，处理器101、存储器102和I/O接口103通过总线104相互连接，进而与计算设备的其它组件连接。
在一些实施例中，该一个或多个处理器101包括现场可编程门阵列FPGA。
根据本公开的实施例，还提供一种计算机可读介质。该计算机可读介质上存储有计算机程序，其中，该程序被处理器执行时实现如上述实施例中任一的图像显示控制方法中的步骤。
特别地，根据本公开实施例，上文参考流程图描述的过程可以被实现为计算机软件程序。例如，本公开的实施例包括一种计算机程序产品，其包括承载在机器可读介质上的计算机程序，该计算机程序包含用于执行流程图所示的方法的程序代码。在这样的实施例中，该计算机程序可以通过通信部分从网络上被下载和安装，和/或从可拆卸介质被安装。在该计算机程序被中央处理单元(CPU)执行时，执行本公开的系统中限定的上述功能。
需要说明的是，本公开所示的计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质或者是上述两者的任意组合。计算机可读存储介质例如可以是——但不限于——电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。计算机可读存储介质的更具体的例子可以包括但不限于：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、 硬盘、随机访问存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。在本公开中，计算机可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储程序的有形介质，该程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。而在本公开中，计算机可读的信号介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了计算机可读的程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。计算机可读的信号介质还可以是计算机可读存储介质以外的任何计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。计算机可读介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于：无线、电线、光缆、RF等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。
附图中的流程图和框图，图示了按照本公开各种实施例的系统、方法和计算机程序产品的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。在这点上，流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段、或代码的一部分，前述模块、程序段、或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意，在有些作为替换的实现中，方框中所标注的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标注的顺序发生。例如，两个接连地表示的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行，它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行，这依所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，可以用执行规定的功能或操作的专用的基于硬件的系统来实现，或者可以用专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。
描述于本公开实施例中所涉及到的电路或子电路可以通过软件的方式实现，也可以通过硬件的方式来实现。所描述的电路或子电路也可以设置在处理器中，例如，可以描述为：一种处理器，包括：接收电路和处理电路，该处理模块包括写入子电路和读取子电路。其中，这些电路或子电路的名称在某种情况下并不构成对该电路或子电路本身的限定，例如，接收电路还可 以被描述为“接收视频信号”。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种全息天线，其包括：介质基板、辐射层、参考电极层、多个开关单元；所述介质基板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；所述辐射层设置在所述第一表面，所述参考电极层设置在所述第二表面；所述第一辐射层上设置有多个狭缝开口；所述开关单元与所述狭缝开口对应设置，被配置为控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态；其中，所述全息天线还包括：
    计算模块，被配置为根据所述狭缝开口的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，并通过幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值；
    处理模块，被配置为对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；
    控制模块，被配置为根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全息天线，其中，所述辐射层包括微带线；所述狭缝开口沿所述微带线的延伸方向并排设置，且所述狭缝开口的长度方向与所述微带线的延伸方向垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的全息天线，其中，所述微带线的数量至少为两个，且各所述微带线间隔设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的全息天线，其中，所述开关单元包括PIN二极管、可变电抗二极管、液晶开关、MEMS开关中的任意一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的全息天线，其中，还包括馈电结构被配置为所述辐射层进行馈电。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的全息天线，其中，所述馈电结构包括波导馈电或者功分网络馈电。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的全息天线，其中，所述狭缝开口的宽度在λg/10～λg/20；所述狭缝开口的长度在λg/2～λg/6。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的全息天线，其中，所述辐射层包括金属网格结构。
  9. 一种波束控制方法，应用于全息天线中，所述全息天线包括：介质基板、辐射层、多个开关单元；所述介质基板包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；所述辐射层设置在所述第一表面，所述参考电极层设置在所述第二表面；所述第一辐射层上设置有多个狭缝开口；所述开关单元与所述狭缝开口对应设置，被配置为控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态；所述方法包括：
    根据所述狭缝开口的位置信息、目标指向角度和仿真频率，通过幅度采样函数，获取各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值；
    对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果；
    根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的波束控制方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于参考波和目标波进行干涉，获取干涉波；
    通过预设算法对干涉波进行运算，获取所述幅度采样函数。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的波束控制方法，其中，所述对各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，得到离散结果，以及所述根据所述离散结果，对所述开关单元的进行控制，以控制所述狭缝开口的开关状态的步骤包括：
    将各所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值进行离散化处理，离散阈值为t，0＜t＜1；当所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值m不小于t时，得到离散结果M记为1，当所述狭缝开口的激励幅度值m小于t时，得到离散结果M记为0；
    当离散结果M为1时，则控制开关单元呈开态，以使所述第一狭缝开口呈开态；当离散结果M为0时，则控制开关单元呈关态，以使所述第一狭缝开口呈关态。
  12. 一种电子设备，其包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    存储器，用于存储一个或多个程序；
    当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如权利要求9至11中任一所述的显示控制方法。
  13. 一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序在被处理器执行时实现如权利要求7至11中任一所述的显示控制方法中的步骤。
PCT/CN2022/084488 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质 WO2023184376A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/084488 WO2023184376A1 (zh) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质
CN202280000624.6A CN117157835A (zh) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/084488 WO2023184376A1 (zh) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023184376A1 true WO2023184376A1 (zh) 2023-10-05

Family

ID=88198724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/084488 WO2023184376A1 (zh) 2022-03-31 2022-03-31 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117157835A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023184376A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117117505A (zh) * 2023-10-17 2023-11-24 广东工业大学 一种五单元超宽带mimo缝隙天线

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108197362A (zh) * 2017-12-23 2018-06-22 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 Victs天线方向图和波束指向快速计算方法
CN110034416A (zh) * 2019-04-19 2019-07-19 电子科技大学 一种基于缝隙阵的波束指向二维可调全息天线及调控方法
US20200083605A1 (en) * 2018-09-10 2020-03-12 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Electronically steerable holographic antenna with reconfigurable radiators for wideband frequency tuning
CN113437492A (zh) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-24 京信网络系统股份有限公司 通信装置、毫米波全息天线及其制造方法
CN113964543A (zh) * 2021-10-22 2022-01-21 京信网络系统股份有限公司 通信装置与毫米波全息天线

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108197362A (zh) * 2017-12-23 2018-06-22 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 Victs天线方向图和波束指向快速计算方法
US20200083605A1 (en) * 2018-09-10 2020-03-12 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Electronically steerable holographic antenna with reconfigurable radiators for wideband frequency tuning
CN110034416A (zh) * 2019-04-19 2019-07-19 电子科技大学 一种基于缝隙阵的波束指向二维可调全息天线及调控方法
CN113437492A (zh) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-24 京信网络系统股份有限公司 通信装置、毫米波全息天线及其制造方法
CN113964543A (zh) * 2021-10-22 2022-01-21 京信网络系统股份有限公司 通信装置与毫米波全息天线

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HWANG RUEY-BING: "Binary meta-hologram for a reconfigurable holographic metamaterial antenna", SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 10, no. 1, 22 May 2020 (2020-05-22), pages 8586, XP093095408, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65458-3 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117117505A (zh) * 2023-10-17 2023-11-24 广东工业大学 一种五单元超宽带mimo缝隙天线
CN117117505B (zh) * 2023-10-17 2023-12-26 广东工业大学 一种五单元超宽带mimo缝隙天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117157835A (zh) 2023-12-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6339215B2 (ja) 可動円筒フィード式ホログラフィックアンテナのための動的偏波及び結合制御
JP6400722B2 (ja) 可動多層円筒フィード式ホログラフィックアンテナのための動的偏波及び結合制御
CN106532200B (zh) 一种基于石墨烯电极的反射式液晶移相单元
CN112002996A (zh) 一种四极化可重构超表面天线的设计方法
WO2023184376A1 (zh) 全息天线、及波束控制方法、电子设备及计算机可读介质
CN102593589A (zh) 一种单脉冲宽角电扫描反射阵天线
Minatti et al. Metasurface antennas
Zhang et al. Dual-port phase antenna and its application in 1-D arrays to 2-D scanning
Taskhiri Axis-symmetric ellipsoidal lens antenna design with independent E and H radiation pattern beamwidth
CN110729821A (zh) 用于多目标无线能量传输的准无衍射波束形成方法
Zhen et al. RCS reduction effect based on transparent and flexible polarization conversion metasurface arrays
Zainud-Deen et al. Reconfigurable transparent all-dielectric water-based metamaterial for microstrip patch antenna gain enhancement
Minatti et al. Modulated metasurface antennas
Alkurt et al. Radiation pattern reconfigurable cubical antenna array for 2.45 GHz wireless communication applications
Naik et al. Design of Microstrip Smart Antenna with DENLMS Beam Steering Algorithm for Millimetre-Wave Frequency Application
Wang et al. Design of a folded reconfigurable reflectarray antenna for mono-pulse radar application
Bankov et al. Simulation and Experimental Study of a Linear Bifocal Antenna Array
Bensafieddine et al. Beam steering microstrip antenna using an agile spherical cap metamaterial lens
CN118073823A (zh) 一种全息天线、副瓣抑制方法及电子设备
Hakimi et al. Wideband vertically polarized dual-beam antenna using modulated metasurfaces
Sahu et al. An efficient X-band communication using dielectric resonance antenna design and parameter tuning
Geng et al. The Phased-Mode SSPPs Antenna and Its 1D Array to Scan in 3D Space
Zhang et al. Design of Holographic Metasurface for Antenna Beam Steering Based on Liquid Crystal Technology
Tamayo-Domínguez et al. Additive Manufacturing and Liquid Crystals for New Millimeter-Wave Devices
CN113690616B (zh) 一种基于相位分解的液晶阵列天线波束成型与控制方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22934216

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1