WO2023179084A1 - Pin-on-disc frictive-corrosive multi-environment coupling test apparatus, and method - Google Patents

Pin-on-disc frictive-corrosive multi-environment coupling test apparatus, and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179084A1
WO2023179084A1 PCT/CN2022/135861 CN2022135861W WO2023179084A1 WO 2023179084 A1 WO2023179084 A1 WO 2023179084A1 CN 2022135861 W CN2022135861 W CN 2022135861W WO 2023179084 A1 WO2023179084 A1 WO 2023179084A1
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friction
corrosion
box
sample
pin
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PCT/CN2022/135861
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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周延军
冯江
杨少丹
宋克兴
杨冉
周菲
张彦敏
李韶林
柳亚辉
国秀花
张朝民
张国赏
岳鹏飞
杨文豪
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河南科技大学
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Publication of WO2023179084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179084A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/02—Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and specifically relates to a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device and method.
  • metal materials are widely used in all aspects of the national economy such as electronic information, machinery manufacturing, rail transportation, and ocean engineering. With the different application scenarios of various components, the requirements for the comprehensive performance of the materials and the service efficiency during service also vary. Same. Taking copper-based materials as an example, they are often widely used as functional and structural integrated materials due to their excellent conductivity and mechanical properties, excellent cold/hot processing properties, as well as wear resistance and corrosion resistance. With the development of science and technology and the continuous emergence of new application scenarios, the previous requirements for single wear resistance or single corrosion performance of copper-based materials no longer meet actual use requirements.
  • copper-based materials in various oil drilling equipment such as oil exploration well guide rods, electric pump components, exploration well probes, deep sea explosion-proof, detachable connection valves and other types of oil drilling equipment has to withstand high temperatures, high pressures, high load-bearing, high corrosion and other harsh conditions.
  • copper alloy materials are required to have high wear resistance and high corrosion performance in addition to basic mechanical properties.
  • the testing and evaluation of the wear resistance and corrosion performance of copper-based materials have been divided into different professional fields. Each uses separate experimental equipment to test a single wear resistance or a single corrosion resistance, lacking friction-corrosion coupling conditions. Simultaneous testing devices and methods for wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • the test of wear resistance mainly uses line-slider type and pin-on-disk wear and tear testing machines to conduct friction and wear experiments under certain load, speed and current conditions to obtain quantitative evaluation indicators such as wear rate; for corrosion resistance
  • the test mainly uses static full immersion experiments, dynamic erosion experiments, and electrochemical experiments of various corrosive media to obtain polarization curves, AC impedance spectrum curves, and corrosion rates.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device and method to at least solve the problems of complex structure and inconvenient operation of current experimental devices for simultaneous detection of friction and corrosion on materials.
  • a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device which includes:
  • Corrosive environment unit including the box and the corrosive medium located in the box;
  • the electrochemical unit includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode located in the box, and an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode with one end inserted into the box.
  • the working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all in contact with the corrosive medium, and the The working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all connected to the electrochemical workstation;
  • the friction and wear unit includes a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit.
  • One end of the rotating unit is connected to a sample and extends into one side of the box.
  • One end of the normal force loading unit is connected to a friction pair. , and extends into the other side of the box, the rotating unit provides rotational motion, and the normal force loading unit provides normal loading force, which is achieved through the contact movement between the sample and the friction pair Friction and wear process.
  • An operating method of a pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the sample on the rotating unit and the friction pair on the normal force loading unit; put the corrosive medium in the box so that the liquid level of the corrosive medium covers the sample and the friction pair;
  • Step 2 Turn on the temperature control system to set the heating temperature. After the temperature reaches the requirement, turn on the first driving mechanism to drive the sample to rotate, and turn on the second driving mechanism to drive the friction pair and the sample to conduct friction and wear tests. According to the set normal direction Loading is carried out with force and loading speed, data is collected and processed during the friction and wear process, and electrochemical data and friction force data during the corrosion process are obtained;
  • Step 3 Change any one or more of the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force and loading speed, and measure again to obtain the electrochemical data and friction data under different conditions;
  • Step 4 Turn off the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the temperature control system, process the obtained electrochemical data and friction data, and evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
  • the experimental device of the present invention includes a corrosion environment unit, an electrochemical unit and a friction and wear unit. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can adjust the loading force and loading speed during the loading process, regulate the temperature of the corrosive medium during the friction process, and obtain different corrosion and wear conditions. Electrochemical data and friction and wear data under tribological conditions. Then, experimental parameters such as electrochemical curves, corrosion rates, and wear rates are simultaneously obtained, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material are simultaneously detected, which helps to explore the composite damage mechanism of the material under different conditions of friction, wear, and corrosion coupling at the same time, and then Provide guidance for the development of highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device.
  • a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is provided.
  • the experimental device can change the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force, loading speed, and sample.
  • automatic loading and unloading, stepless speed change, and load Online collection of rotation speed and temperature to simultaneously evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. It helps to explore the composite damage mechanism of materials under friction, wear and corrosion coupling conditions at the same time, and can provide guidance for the development of highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
  • the device includes a corrosive environment unit, an electrochemical unit and a friction and wear unit.
  • the corrosive environment unit includes a box 11 and a corrosive medium located in the box 11 .
  • the box 11 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant polymer material or other corrosion-resistant materials.
  • the corrosion medium can be a standard static total immersion corrosion aqueous solution containing 3.5wt.% NaCl, an acidic corrosion aqueous solution containing 0.1-5wt.% hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), or a 1-10wt. % corrosive aqueous solution of sediment.
  • the electrochemical unit includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode 3 located in a box 11, and an auxiliary electrode 8 and a reference electrode 9 with one end inserted into the box 11.
  • the working electrode 3, the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 are all connected with each other.
  • the corrosive medium is in contact, and the working electrode 3, the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 are all connected to the electrochemical workstation.
  • the electrochemical workstation performs data collection and processing work.
  • the main function is to collect electrochemical data of the sample 5 during the corrosion process, and subsequently obtain important characterization curves for evaluating the corrosion performance of the material (such as AC impedance spectrum and polarization curve).
  • the friction and wear unit includes a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit.
  • One end of the rotating unit is connected to the sample 5 and extends into one side of the box 11.
  • One end of the normal force loading unit is connected to a friction pair 6 and extends Entering the other side of the box 11, the rotating unit provides rotational motion, the normal force loading unit provides normal loading force, and the friction and wear process is realized through the contact movement between the sample 5 and the friction pair 6.
  • the rotating unit includes a first driving mechanism and a friction disk 4.
  • the transmission shaft 101 of the first driving mechanism extends into the box 11.
  • One end of the transmission shaft 101 is connected to the working electrode 3 and the friction disk in sequence. 4 and sample 5, working electrode 3 and sample 5 are connected by wires.
  • a dynamic seal 2 is provided at the connection between the transmission shaft 101 of the first drive motor and the box 11, which is used to seal the inside and outside of the box 11 to prevent the corrosive medium from overflowing.
  • the working electrode 3 and the friction plate 4 are detachably connected through pins or screws.
  • the friction plate 4 and the sample 5 can also be detachably connected through pins or screws.
  • the working electrode 3 passes through the through hole provided on the friction plate 4.
  • the first driving mechanism is a rotating motor 1, which drives the working electrode 3 and the friction disc 4 to rotate through the rotation of the transmission shaft 101, and then drives the sample 5 to rotate.
  • the rotation speed of the rotating motor 1 is 5-1000 rpm.
  • the working electrode 3, the friction disk 4 and the sample 5 can also be fixed by riveting, welding or other methods, and the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the normal force loading unit includes a second driving mechanism, a fixed disk 7 and a data acquisition and processing system.
  • the transmission shaft of the second driving mechanism extends into the box 11 and is connected to the fixed disk 7.
  • the friction pair 6 is movably connected to the outside of the fixed plate 7 .
  • the second driving mechanism is a normal force-loaded servo motor 12, and a dynamic seal 2 is provided at the contact point between the transmission shaft and the box 11 to prevent the corrosive medium in the box 11 from overflowing.
  • the friction pair 6 is a pin shaft, and there are more than two pin shafts, evenly arranged on the wall of the fixed plate 7 along the circumferential direction.
  • the free end of the pin shaft has a hemispherical or flat structure, so that the friction pair 6 and The friction contact mode between specimens 5 is ball-surface or surface-surface contact, and different friction modes are achieved by replacing different types of pins.
  • the data acquisition and processing system is connected to the second driving mechanism and is used to collect the normal loading force during the friction and wear process, and perform data processing to obtain friction force data.
  • the material of the sample 5 can be aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy and other corrosion-resistant metal materials, and the material of the friction pair 6 can be wear-resistant ceramics.
  • the second driving mechanism is a normal force loading servo motor 12, which provides a normal loading force without rotating. It can realize adjustable loading speed, stepless speed change, and high normal loading force control accuracy.
  • the normal loading force is 0-150N
  • the normal force loading accuracy is 0.2% FS (FULL SCALE, full scale, that is, the repeatability error of the normal force loading does not exceed 0.2% of the full scale).
  • the data acquisition and processing system includes a stress sensor, a processor and a display.
  • the stress sensor is built in the second driving mechanism.
  • the processor is electrically connected to the stress sensor and the display and is used to process the method data collected by the stress sensor.
  • the loading force data is processed and the friction force data obtained is displayed on the display.
  • the device also includes a temperature control system.
  • the temperature control system includes a heater 14, a temperature sensor 10 and a control unit.
  • the heater 14 and the temperature sensor 10 are electrically connected to the control unit.
  • the control unit is used to set the temperature. And control the opening and closing of the heater 14.
  • the heater 14 is used to heat the inside of the box 11 .
  • One end of the temperature sensor 10 extends into the box 11 and is used to measure the temperature in the box 11 .
  • the temperature of the corrosion medium can be adjusted to change the friction and wear environment, making the friction-corrosion coupling test device of the present invention more comprehensive and rich in functions.
  • the working temperature is set to 0-80°C, and the corrosion time can be 24-720h.
  • the device also includes a partition 15.
  • the partition 15 is arranged in the lower part of the box 11 and is used to divide the box 11 into two closed compartments, namely a liquid compartment and an empty compartment.
  • the liquid compartment is For conducting friction and wear tests under corrosion conditions, the heating end of the heater 14 is set in the empty chamber.
  • the partition 15 is made of glass.
  • all parts in the liquid tank in the box 11 are made of high-strength insulating materials, such as polymer plastics or ceramics.
  • the transmission shaft 101 of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism extending into the box 11 is also made of polymer material. This ensures that there is no interference from metal materials in the corrosive state and improves the precision and accuracy of electrochemical testing.
  • the device also includes a stirrer 13, which extends through the partition 15 into the liquid tank of the box 11; a dynamic seal 2 is provided at the contact portion of the stirrer 13 with the partition 15.
  • the agitator 13 can improve the uniformity of heating of the corrosive medium in the liquid tank and achieve a uniform medium environment; in addition, when the corrosive medium is a solution containing sediment, the corrosive medium can be made more uniform by stirring to avoid sedimentation of the sediment. More in line with actual application conditions.
  • the invention also provides an operating method of a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device.
  • the operating method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the sample 5 on the rotating unit.
  • the sample 5 is fixed on the friction plate 4 with screws, and the pin is fixed on the fixed plate 7 by plugging or screwing. Put the corrosive medium in the box 11 and corrode it.
  • the medium liquid level covers sample 5 and friction pair 6;
  • Step 2 Turn on the heater 14 in the temperature control system and set the heating temperature. After the temperature reaches the requirement, turn on the rotating motor 1 to drive the sample 5 to rotate, and turn on the normal force loading servo motor 12 to drive the pin and the sample 5 to rotate. In the friction and wear test, loading is performed according to the set normal force and loading speed. Data is collected and processed during the friction and wear process to obtain electrochemical data and frictional force data during the corrosion process;
  • Step 3 Change any one or more of the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force and loading speed, and measure again to obtain the electrochemical data and friction data under different conditions;
  • Step 4 Turn off the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the temperature control system, process the obtained electrochemical data and friction data, and evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
  • This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • the corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is a standard static total immersion corrosion aqueous solution containing 3.5wt.% NaCl.
  • the friction pair 6 of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is pure copper.
  • the outer diameter of the sample is ⁇ 130mm; the end surface of friction pair 6 is a hemisphere with a diameter of ⁇ 5mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is spherical-surface.
  • the working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
  • Normal force loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load normal force for real-time measurement of the loading force. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear.
  • the set normal loading force is 10N
  • the loading method is constant force loading
  • the rotation speed is 10rpm
  • the rotation radius is 20mm.
  • the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data.
  • the corrosion time is 720 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.
  • This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • the corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is an acidic corrosion aqueous solution containing 0.5wt.% hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). Turn on the heater 14 and set the temperature to 30°C.
  • H 2 S hydrogen sulfide
  • the friction pair of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy.
  • the outer diameter of sample 5 is ⁇ 130mm; the end surface of friction pair 6 is a hemisphere with a diameter of ⁇ 6mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is spherical-surface.
  • the working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
  • the normal loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load the load and measure the loading force and friction force in real time. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear.
  • the set normal loading force is 130N
  • the loading method is ladder loading
  • the initial loading force is 10N
  • load to 50N after 30 turns load to 100N after another 30 turns
  • load to 130N after another 30 turns load to 130N after another 30 turns and keep it constant until At the end of the experiment
  • the rotation speed is 20 rpm and the rotation radius is 15 mm.
  • the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data.
  • the corrosion time is 240 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.
  • This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • the corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is a corrosive aqueous solution containing 5wt.% sediment + 3.5wt.% NaCl. Turn on the heater, set the heating temperature to 40°C, and stir the corrosive medium by turning on the stirrer 13.
  • the friction pair of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is wear-resistant chromium bronze alloy.
  • the outer diameter of sample 5 is ⁇ 130mm; the end face of friction pair 6 is a flat surface with a diameter of ⁇ 5mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is face-to-face.
  • the working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
  • the normal loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load the load and measure the loading force and friction force in real time. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear.
  • the set normal loading force is 100N
  • the loading method is linear loading
  • the loading force is increased by 10N after every 100 revolutions for linear loading
  • the rotation speed is 20rpm
  • the rotation radius is 20mm.
  • the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data.
  • the corrosion time is 300 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing it with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.

Abstract

A pin-on-disc frictive-corrosive multi-environment coupling test apparatus, and a method. The apparatus comprises: a corrosive environment unit, which comprises a box body (11) and a corrosive medium in the box body (11); an electrochemical unit, which comprises an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode (3) located in the box body (11), and an auxiliary electrode (8) and a reference electrode (9) that have one end inserted into the box body (11), wherein the working electrode (3), the auxiliary electrode (8), and the reference electrode (9) are all connected to the electrochemical workstation; and a friction and wear unit, which comprises a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit, a sample (5) being connected to one end of the rotating unit, and same extending to one side in the box body (11); a friction pair (6) is connected to one end of the normal force loading unit, and same extends to the other side in the box body (11); and a friction and wear procedure is implemented by means of contact and movement between the sample (5) and the friction pair (6). The present apparatus has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has high measurement accuracy and comprehensive functionality, and electrochemical data and friction and wear data under different corrosion and friction conditions can be obtained.

Description

一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置和方法A pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device and method 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于材料性能测试技术领域，具体涉及一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置和方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of material performance testing, and specifically relates to a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device and method.
背景技术Background technique
金属材料作为关键构件广泛应用于电子信息、机械制造、轨道交通、海洋工程等国民经济的方方面面，随着各类构件的应用场景不同，对材料的综合性能以及服役过程中的服役效能要求也不一样。以铜基材料为例，其因具有优异的传导性能和力学性能、优良的冷/热加工性能、以及耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能，常常作为功能和结构一体化材料得到广泛应用。随着科技的发展和新应用场景的不断出现，此前对铜基材料单一耐磨性能或单一腐蚀性能的要求已不满足实际使用要求。例如，对于铜基材料在石油探井导杆、电泵组件、探井探头、深海防爆、可分离连接阀等各类石油钻探器具的应用方面，由于要承受高温、高压、高承载、高腐蚀等苛刻服役工况，要求铜合金材料在满足基本的力学性能外，需要同时具有高的耐磨性能和高的腐蚀性能。As key components, metal materials are widely used in all aspects of the national economy such as electronic information, machinery manufacturing, rail transportation, and ocean engineering. With the different application scenarios of various components, the requirements for the comprehensive performance of the materials and the service efficiency during service also vary. Same. Taking copper-based materials as an example, they are often widely used as functional and structural integrated materials due to their excellent conductivity and mechanical properties, excellent cold/hot processing properties, as well as wear resistance and corrosion resistance. With the development of science and technology and the continuous emergence of new application scenarios, the previous requirements for single wear resistance or single corrosion performance of copper-based materials no longer meet actual use requirements. For example, the application of copper-based materials in various oil drilling equipment such as oil exploration well guide rods, electric pump components, exploration well probes, deep sea explosion-proof, detachable connection valves and other types of oil drilling equipment has to withstand high temperatures, high pressures, high load-bearing, high corrosion and other harsh conditions. Under service conditions, copper alloy materials are required to have high wear resistance and high corrosion performance in addition to basic mechanical properties.
然而长期以来，对于铜基材料耐磨性能和腐蚀性能的测试和评价分属不同的专业领域，各自采用单独的实验设备进行单一耐磨性能或者单一耐蚀性能的检测，缺少摩擦-腐蚀耦合条件下的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能同步测试装置和方法。例如，对于耐磨性能的测试主要通过线-滑块式、销盘式磨损磨损试验机，进行一定载荷、速度、电流条件下的摩擦磨损实验，获得磨损率等定量评价指标；对于耐蚀性能的测试主要通过各类腐蚀介质的静态全浸实验、动态冲刷实验，以及电化学实验，获得极化曲线、交流阻抗谱曲线和腐蚀速率等。因此，上述单一实验平台获得的单一耐磨性能或者单一耐蚀性能，很难准确评估出同时处于摩擦和腐蚀应用场景下的材料综合指标。目前现有的摩擦和腐蚀能够同时进行的实验装置结构复杂，操作不便。However, for a long time, the testing and evaluation of the wear resistance and corrosion performance of copper-based materials have been divided into different professional fields. Each uses separate experimental equipment to test a single wear resistance or a single corrosion resistance, lacking friction-corrosion coupling conditions. Simultaneous testing devices and methods for wear resistance and corrosion resistance. For example, the test of wear resistance mainly uses line-slider type and pin-on-disk wear and tear testing machines to conduct friction and wear experiments under certain load, speed and current conditions to obtain quantitative evaluation indicators such as wear rate; for corrosion resistance The test mainly uses static full immersion experiments, dynamic erosion experiments, and electrochemical experiments of various corrosive media to obtain polarization curves, AC impedance spectrum curves, and corrosion rates. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the comprehensive indicators of materials in both friction and corrosion application scenarios based on the single wear resistance or corrosion resistance obtained by the above-mentioned single experimental platform. Currently, existing experimental devices that can conduct friction and corrosion simultaneously are complex in structure and inconvenient to operate.
因此，需要提供一种针对上述现有技术不足的改进技术方案。Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution for the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置和方法，以至少解决目前针对材料进行摩擦和腐蚀同步检测的实验装置结构复杂，操作不便的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device and method to at least solve the problems of complex structure and inconvenient operation of current experimental devices for simultaneous detection of friction and corrosion on materials.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，所述装置包括：A pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device, which includes:
腐蚀环境单元，包括箱体和位于箱体内的腐蚀介质；Corrosive environment unit, including the box and the corrosive medium located in the box;
电化学单元，包括电化学工作站、位于箱体内的工作电极，和一端插入到箱体内的辅助电极和参比电极，所述工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极均与腐蚀介质接触，且所述工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极均与电化学工作站连接；The electrochemical unit includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode located in the box, and an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode with one end inserted into the box. The working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all in contact with the corrosive medium, and the The working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all connected to the electrochemical workstation;
摩擦磨损单元，包括旋转单元和法向力加载单元，所述旋转单元的一端连接有试样，且伸入至所述箱体内的一侧，所述法向力加载单元的一端连接有摩擦副，且伸入至所述箱体内的另一侧，所述旋转单元提供旋转运动，所述法向力加载单元提供法向加载力，通过所述试样和所述摩擦副之间接触运动实现摩擦磨损过程。The friction and wear unit includes a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit. One end of the rotating unit is connected to a sample and extends into one side of the box. One end of the normal force loading unit is connected to a friction pair. , and extends into the other side of the box, the rotating unit provides rotational motion, and the normal force loading unit provides normal loading force, which is achieved through the contact movement between the sample and the friction pair Friction and wear process.
一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的操作方法，所述操作方法包括以下步骤：An operating method of a pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device, the operating method includes the following steps:
步骤一，将试样固定在旋转单元上，摩擦副固定在法向力加载单元上；在箱体内放入腐蚀介质，腐蚀介质液面高度覆盖试样和摩擦副；Step 1: Fix the sample on the rotating unit and the friction pair on the normal force loading unit; put the corrosive medium in the box so that the liquid level of the corrosive medium covers the sample and the friction pair;
步骤二，打开温度控制系统设定加热温度，温度达到要求后，打开第一驱动机构带动试样进行旋转，打开第二驱动机构带动摩擦副与试样进行摩擦磨损试验，按照设定的法向力和加载速度进行加载，摩擦磨损过程中进行数据的采集和处理，得到腐蚀过程中的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 2: Turn on the temperature control system to set the heating temperature. After the temperature reaches the requirement, turn on the first driving mechanism to drive the sample to rotate, and turn on the second driving mechanism to drive the friction pair and the sample to conduct friction and wear tests. According to the set normal direction Loading is carried out with force and loading speed, data is collected and processed during the friction and wear process, and electrochemical data and friction force data during the corrosion process are obtained;
步骤三，改变腐蚀介质、温度、法向加载力和加载速度中的任意一种或多种，再次测量得到不同条件下的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 3: Change any one or more of the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force and loading speed, and measure again to obtain the electrochemical data and friction data under different conditions;
步骤四，关闭第一驱动机构、第二驱动机构和温度控制系统，将得到的电化学数据和摩擦力数据进行数据处理，对材料的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能进行评估。Step 4: Turn off the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the temperature control system, process the obtained electrochemical data and friction data, and evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
有益效果：Beneficial effects:
本发明的实验装置包括腐蚀环境单元、电化学单元和摩擦磨损单元，结构简单，操作方便，可调整加载过程中的加载力和加载速度，调控摩擦过程中的腐蚀介质的温度，获得不同腐蚀和摩擦条件下的电化学数据和摩擦磨损数据。进而同步获得电化学曲线、腐蚀速率、磨损率等实验参数，同时检测材料的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能，有助于探明材料同时在摩擦磨损和腐蚀耦合不同条件下的复合损伤机制，进而为高耐磨高耐蚀材料开发提供指导。The experimental device of the present invention includes a corrosion environment unit, an electrochemical unit and a friction and wear unit. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can adjust the loading force and loading speed during the loading process, regulate the temperature of the corrosive medium during the friction process, and obtain different corrosion and wear conditions. Electrochemical data and friction and wear data under tribological conditions. Then, experimental parameters such as electrochemical curves, corrosion rates, and wear rates are simultaneously obtained, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material are simultaneously detected, which helps to explore the composite damage mechanism of the material under different conditions of friction, wear, and corrosion coupling at the same time, and then Provide guidance for the development of highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device.
图中：1、旋转电机；101、传动轴；2、动密封件；3、工作电极；4、摩擦盘；5、试样；6、摩擦副；7、固定盘；8、辅助电极；9、参比电极；10、温度传感器；11、箱体；12、法向力加载伺服电机；13、搅拌器；14、加热器；15、隔板。In the picture: 1. Rotating motor; 101. Transmission shaft; 2. Dynamic seal; 3. Working electrode; 4. Friction disc; 5. Sample; 6. Friction pair; 7. Fixed disc; 8. Auxiliary electrode; 9 , reference electrode; 10. temperature sensor; 11. box; 12. normal force loading servo motor; 13. stirrer; 14. heater; 15. partition.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1所示，根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，该实验装置可在改变腐蚀介质、温度、法向加载力、加载速度、试样材料等参数的各种情况下进行摩擦-腐蚀试验，测量材料电化学曲线、腐蚀速率、磨损率、摩擦系数等数据，同时在试验过程中可以实现自动加载、卸载，无级变速，以及载荷、转速、温度的在线采集，同步评估材料的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能。有助于探明材料同时在摩擦磨损和腐蚀耦合条件下的复合损伤机制，可为高耐磨高耐蚀材料开发提供指导。As shown in Figure 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is provided. The experimental device can change the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force, loading speed, and sample. Conduct friction-corrosion tests under various conditions of material and other parameters, and measure material electrochemical curves, corrosion rates, wear rates, friction coefficients and other data. At the same time, automatic loading and unloading, stepless speed change, and load, Online collection of rotation speed and temperature to simultaneously evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. It helps to explore the composite damage mechanism of materials under friction, wear and corrosion coupling conditions at the same time, and can provide guidance for the development of highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
装置包括腐蚀环境单元、电化学单元和摩擦磨损单元。The device includes a corrosive environment unit, an electrochemical unit and a friction and wear unit.
腐蚀环境单元包括箱体11和位于箱体11内的腐蚀介质。The corrosive environment unit includes a box 11 and a corrosive medium located in the box 11 .
本发明的具体实施例中，箱体11材质为高强度耐腐蚀高分子材料或其它耐腐蚀材料。腐蚀介质根据实验条件要求，可以为含有3.5wt.％NaCl的标准静态全浸腐蚀水溶液，可以为含有0.1-5wt.％硫化氢(H 2S)的酸性腐蚀水溶液，可以为含有1-10wt.％泥沙的腐蚀水溶液。 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the box 11 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant polymer material or other corrosion-resistant materials. According to the requirements of the experimental conditions, the corrosion medium can be a standard static total immersion corrosion aqueous solution containing 3.5wt.% NaCl, an acidic corrosion aqueous solution containing 0.1-5wt.% hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), or a 1-10wt. % corrosive aqueous solution of sediment.
电化学单元包括电化学工作站、位于箱体11内的工作电极3，和一端插 入到箱体11内的辅助电极8和参比电极9，工作电极3、辅助电极8和参比电极9均与腐蚀介质接触，且工作电极3、辅助电极8和参比电极9均与电化学工作站连接。The electrochemical unit includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode 3 located in a box 11, and an auxiliary electrode 8 and a reference electrode 9 with one end inserted into the box 11. The working electrode 3, the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 are all connected with each other. The corrosive medium is in contact, and the working electrode 3, the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 are all connected to the electrochemical workstation.
本发明的具体实施例中，电化学工作站进行数据的采集和处理工作，主要功能是试样5在腐蚀过程中采集电化学数据，后续获得评估材料腐蚀性能的重要表征曲线(比如交流阻抗谱和极化曲线)。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical workstation performs data collection and processing work. The main function is to collect electrochemical data of the sample 5 during the corrosion process, and subsequently obtain important characterization curves for evaluating the corrosion performance of the material (such as AC impedance spectrum and polarization curve).
摩擦磨损单元包括旋转单元和法向力加载单元，旋转单元的一端连接有试样5，且伸入至箱体11内的一侧，法向力加载单元的一端连接有摩擦副6，且伸入至箱体11内的另一侧，旋转单元提供旋转运动，法向力加载单元提供法向加载力，通过试样5和摩擦副6之间接触运动实现摩擦磨损过程。The friction and wear unit includes a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit. One end of the rotating unit is connected to the sample 5 and extends into one side of the box 11. One end of the normal force loading unit is connected to a friction pair 6 and extends Entering the other side of the box 11, the rotating unit provides rotational motion, the normal force loading unit provides normal loading force, and the friction and wear process is realized through the contact movement between the sample 5 and the friction pair 6.
本发明的具体实施例中，旋转单元包括第一驱动机构和摩擦盘4，第一驱动机构的传动轴101伸入至箱体11内，传动轴101的一端依次连接有工作电极3、摩擦盘4和试样5，工作电极3和试样5通过导线连接。第一驱动电机的传动轴101与箱体11连接处设置有动密封件2，用于对箱体11内外进行密封处理，防止腐蚀介质的溢出。工作电极3和摩擦盘4之间通过销钉或者螺钉进行可拆连接，摩擦盘4和试样5之间也可通过销钉或者螺钉进行可拆连接，工作电极3通过摩擦盘4上设置的通孔与试样5通过导线连接，导线与试样5连接处采用绝缘密封处理。具体的，第一驱动机构为旋转电机1，通过传动轴101的转动带动工作电极3和摩擦盘4转动，进而带动试样5进行转动。旋转电机1的转速5-1000转/分钟。当然在其他实施例中，工作电极3、摩擦盘4和试样5之间也可以采用铆接、焊接等其他方式固定，本发明对此不做限定。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotating unit includes a first driving mechanism and a friction disk 4. The transmission shaft 101 of the first driving mechanism extends into the box 11. One end of the transmission shaft 101 is connected to the working electrode 3 and the friction disk in sequence. 4 and sample 5, working electrode 3 and sample 5 are connected by wires. A dynamic seal 2 is provided at the connection between the transmission shaft 101 of the first drive motor and the box 11, which is used to seal the inside and outside of the box 11 to prevent the corrosive medium from overflowing. The working electrode 3 and the friction plate 4 are detachably connected through pins or screws. The friction plate 4 and the sample 5 can also be detachably connected through pins or screws. The working electrode 3 passes through the through hole provided on the friction plate 4. It is connected to sample 5 through a wire, and the connection between the wire and sample 5 is insulated and sealed. Specifically, the first driving mechanism is a rotating motor 1, which drives the working electrode 3 and the friction disc 4 to rotate through the rotation of the transmission shaft 101, and then drives the sample 5 to rotate. The rotation speed of the rotating motor 1 is 5-1000 rpm. Of course, in other embodiments, the working electrode 3, the friction disk 4 and the sample 5 can also be fixed by riveting, welding or other methods, and the present invention is not limited to this.
本发明的具体实施例中，法向力加载单元包括第二驱动机构、固定盘7和数据采集处理系统，第二驱动机构的传动轴伸入至箱体11内，且连接有固定盘7，摩擦副6活动连接在固定盘7的外侧。具体的，第二驱动机构为法向力加载伺服电机12，传动轴和箱体11的接触处设置有动密封件2，用于防止箱体11内的腐蚀介质溢流出来。优选的，摩擦副6为销轴，销轴为两个以上，沿周向均匀的排布在固定盘7的壁面上，销轴的自由端部位半球形或者平面结构，以使得摩擦副6和试样5之间的摩擦接触方式为球-面或面-面接触，通过更换不同类型的销轴实现不同的摩擦方式。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the normal force loading unit includes a second driving mechanism, a fixed disk 7 and a data acquisition and processing system. The transmission shaft of the second driving mechanism extends into the box 11 and is connected to the fixed disk 7. The friction pair 6 is movably connected to the outside of the fixed plate 7 . Specifically, the second driving mechanism is a normal force-loaded servo motor 12, and a dynamic seal 2 is provided at the contact point between the transmission shaft and the box 11 to prevent the corrosive medium in the box 11 from overflowing. Preferably, the friction pair 6 is a pin shaft, and there are more than two pin shafts, evenly arranged on the wall of the fixed plate 7 along the circumferential direction. The free end of the pin shaft has a hemispherical or flat structure, so that the friction pair 6 and The friction contact mode between specimens 5 is ball-surface or surface-surface contact, and different friction modes are achieved by replacing different types of pins.
数据采集处理系统与第二驱动机构连接，用于采集摩擦磨损过程中的法向加载力，并进行数据处理得到摩擦力数据。The data acquisition and processing system is connected to the second driving mechanism and is used to collect the normal loading force during the friction and wear process, and perform data processing to obtain friction force data.
本发明的具体实施例中，试样5的材质可以是铝合金、铜合金、钛合金等所有耐腐蚀的金属材料，摩擦副6的材质可以为耐磨材料陶瓷。In specific embodiments of the present invention, the material of the sample 5 can be aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy and other corrosion-resistant metal materials, and the material of the friction pair 6 can be wear-resistant ceramics.
本发明的具体实施例中，第二驱动机构为法向力加载伺服电机12，提供法向加载力并不转动，可以实现加载速度可调，无极变速，法向加载力控制精度高，具体的，法向加载力为0-150N，法向力加载精度0.2％FS(FULL SCALE，满量程，也就是法向力加载的重复性误差不超过满量程的0.2％)。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the second driving mechanism is a normal force loading servo motor 12, which provides a normal loading force without rotating. It can realize adjustable loading speed, stepless speed change, and high normal loading force control accuracy. Specifically, , the normal loading force is 0-150N, and the normal force loading accuracy is 0.2% FS (FULL SCALE, full scale, that is, the repeatability error of the normal force loading does not exceed 0.2% of the full scale).
本发明的具体实施例中，数据采集处理系统包括应力传感器、处理器和显示器，应力传感器内置于第二驱动机构内，处理器电连接于应力传感器和显示器，用于对应力传感器采集到的法向加载力数据进行处理，并将得到摩擦力数据显示在显示器上。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition and processing system includes a stress sensor, a processor and a display. The stress sensor is built in the second driving mechanism. The processor is electrically connected to the stress sensor and the display and is used to process the method data collected by the stress sensor. The loading force data is processed and the friction force data obtained is displayed on the display.
本发明的具体实施例中，装置还包括温度控制系统，温度控制系统包括加热器14、温度传感器10和控制单元，加热器14和温度传感器10电连接于控制单元，控制单元用于设定温度并控制加热器14的开合。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the device also includes a temperature control system. The temperature control system includes a heater 14, a temperature sensor 10 and a control unit. The heater 14 and the temperature sensor 10 are electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to set the temperature. And control the opening and closing of the heater 14.
加热器14用于对箱体11内进行加热，温度传感器10的一端延伸入箱体11内，用于测量箱体11内的温度。通过设置有温度控制系统，可以实现腐蚀介质温度的调整，用于改变摩擦磨损的环境，使得本发明的摩擦-腐蚀耦合试验装置的功能更全面和丰富。具体的，工作温度设定为0-80℃，腐蚀时间可以为24-720h。The heater 14 is used to heat the inside of the box 11 . One end of the temperature sensor 10 extends into the box 11 and is used to measure the temperature in the box 11 . By providing a temperature control system, the temperature of the corrosion medium can be adjusted to change the friction and wear environment, making the friction-corrosion coupling test device of the present invention more comprehensive and rich in functions. Specifically, the working temperature is set to 0-80°C, and the corrosion time can be 24-720h.
本发明的具体实施例中，装置还包括隔板15，隔板15设置在箱体11内的下部，用于将箱体11分隔成两个密闭仓体，分别为液仓和空仓，液仓用于进行腐蚀状态下的摩擦磨损试验，加热器14的加热端设置在空仓内。优选的，隔板15为玻璃材质。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the device also includes a partition 15. The partition 15 is arranged in the lower part of the box 11 and is used to divide the box 11 into two closed compartments, namely a liquid compartment and an empty compartment. The liquid compartment is For conducting friction and wear tests under corrosion conditions, the heating end of the heater 14 is set in the empty chamber. Preferably, the partition 15 is made of glass.
本发明的具体实施例中，箱体11中液仓内的所有零部件为高强度绝缘材料，比如高分子塑料或陶瓷等。第一驱动机构和第二驱动机构伸入箱体11内的传动轴101也为高分子材质。这样可以确保在腐蚀状态下，不存在金属材料的干扰，提高电化学测试的精度和准确度。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, all parts in the liquid tank in the box 11 are made of high-strength insulating materials, such as polymer plastics or ceramics. The transmission shaft 101 of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism extending into the box 11 is also made of polymer material. This ensures that there is no interference from metal materials in the corrosive state and improves the precision and accuracy of electrochemical testing.
本发明的具体实施例中，装置还包括搅拌器13，搅拌器13贯穿隔板15延伸入箱体11的液仓内；搅拌器13的与隔板15接触部位设置有动密封件2。 搅拌器13可以提高液仓中腐蚀介质加热的均匀性，实现介质环境的均匀；此外，在腐蚀介质为含有泥沙的溶液时，可以通过搅拌是的腐蚀介质更均匀，避免泥沙的沉降，更符合实际应用情况。In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the device also includes a stirrer 13, which extends through the partition 15 into the liquid tank of the box 11; a dynamic seal 2 is provided at the contact portion of the stirrer 13 with the partition 15. The agitator 13 can improve the uniformity of heating of the corrosive medium in the liquid tank and achieve a uniform medium environment; in addition, when the corrosive medium is a solution containing sediment, the corrosive medium can be made more uniform by stirring to avoid sedimentation of the sediment. More in line with actual application conditions.
本发明中还提供了一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的操作方法，操作方法包括以下步骤：The invention also provides an operating method of a pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device. The operating method includes the following steps:
步骤一，将试样5固定在旋转单元上，试样5采用螺钉固定在摩擦盘4上，销钉采用插接或者螺接固定在固定盘7上；在箱体11内放入腐蚀介质，腐蚀介质液面高度覆盖试样5和摩擦副6；Step 1: Fix the sample 5 on the rotating unit. The sample 5 is fixed on the friction plate 4 with screws, and the pin is fixed on the fixed plate 7 by plugging or screwing. Put the corrosive medium in the box 11 and corrode it. The medium liquid level covers sample 5 and friction pair 6;
步骤二，打开温度控制系统中的加热器14，设定加热温度，温度达到要求后，打开旋转电机1带动试样5进行旋转，打开法向力加载伺服电机12带动销轴与试样5进行摩擦磨损试验，按照设定的法向力和加载速度进行加载，摩擦磨损过程中进行数据的采集和处理，得到腐蚀过程中的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 2: Turn on the heater 14 in the temperature control system and set the heating temperature. After the temperature reaches the requirement, turn on the rotating motor 1 to drive the sample 5 to rotate, and turn on the normal force loading servo motor 12 to drive the pin and the sample 5 to rotate. In the friction and wear test, loading is performed according to the set normal force and loading speed. Data is collected and processed during the friction and wear process to obtain electrochemical data and frictional force data during the corrosion process;
步骤三，改变腐蚀介质、温度、法向加载力和加载速度中的任意一种或多种，再次测量得到不同条件下的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 3: Change any one or more of the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force and loading speed, and measure again to obtain the electrochemical data and friction data under different conditions;
步骤四，关闭第一驱动机构、第二驱动机构和温度控制系统，将得到的电化学数据和摩擦力数据进行数据处理，对材料的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能进行评估。Step 4: Turn off the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the temperature control system, process the obtained electrochemical data and friction data, and evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例采用一种摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置同步测试材料耐磨性能和耐蚀性能的实验方法，具体步骤如下：This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. The specific steps are as follows:
(1)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的腐蚀环境单元，箱体11的材料为玻璃，腐蚀介质为含有3.5wt.％NaCl的标准静态全浸腐蚀水溶液。(1) The corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device. The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is a standard static total immersion corrosion aqueous solution containing 3.5wt.% NaCl.
(2)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的摩擦副6为陶瓷材料，试样5的材质为纯铜。试样外径尺寸φ130mm；摩擦副6端面为直径为φ5mm半球，试样5与摩擦副6接接触方式为球-面。工作电极3通过螺钉和销钉与摩擦盘4固定，并一起固定在旋转电机1的传动轴101上，随其一起运动。(2) The friction pair 6 of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is pure copper. The outer diameter of the sample is φ130mm; the end surface of friction pair 6 is a hemisphere with a diameter of φ5mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is spherical-surface. The working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
(3)法向力加载伺服电机12内置力学传感器实现对法向力的加载，用于实时测量加载力。在腐蚀介质中开始摩擦磨损实验前，测量试样5的原始质量，作为后续腐蚀磨损后腐蚀速率和磨损率的计算依据。设定的法向加载 力为10N，加载方式为恒力加载，转速为10rpm，旋转半径20mm。(3) Normal force loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load normal force for real-time measurement of the loading force. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear. The set normal loading force is 10N, the loading method is constant force loading, the rotation speed is 10rpm, and the rotation radius is 20mm.
(4)在腐蚀介质中的摩擦磨损实验过程中，由旋转电机1带动试样5运动，同时工作电极4配合辅助电极8和参比电极9采集电化学试验数据。腐蚀时间为720h后，取出试样5并测量其质量，通过和腐蚀前的质量对比，计算出腐蚀速率和磨损率，并绘制出极化曲线和交流阻抗谱曲线。(4) During the friction and wear experiment in corrosive media, the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data. After the corrosion time is 720 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例的一种摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置同步测试材料耐磨性能和耐蚀性能的实验方法，具体步骤如下：This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. The specific steps are as follows:
(1)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的腐蚀环境单元，箱体11的材料为玻璃，腐蚀介质为含有0.5wt.％硫化氢(H 2S)的酸性腐蚀水溶液。开启加热器14，设定温度为30℃。 (1) The corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device. The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is an acidic corrosion aqueous solution containing 0.5wt.% hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). Turn on the heater 14 and set the temperature to 30°C.
(2)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境多环境耦合实验装置的摩擦副为陶瓷材料，试样5的材质为Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金。试样5外径尺寸φ130mm；摩擦副6端面为直径为φ6mm半球，试样5与摩擦副6接接触方式为球-面。工作电极3通过螺钉和销钉与摩擦盘4固定，并一起固定在旋转电机1的传动轴101上，随其一起运动。(2) The friction pair of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy. The outer diameter of sample 5 is φ130mm; the end surface of friction pair 6 is a hemisphere with a diameter of φ6mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is spherical-surface. The working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
(3)法向加载伺服电机12内置力学传感器实现对载荷的加载，用于实时测量加载力和摩擦力。在腐蚀介质中开始摩擦磨损实验前，测量试样5的原始质量，作为后续腐蚀磨损后腐蚀速率和磨损率的计算依据。设定的法向加载力为130N，加载方式为阶梯加载，初始加载力10N，旋转30转后加载到50N，再旋转30转后加载到100N，再旋转30转后加载到130N并保持恒定直到实验结束，转速为20rpm，旋转半径15mm。(3) The normal loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load the load and measure the loading force and friction force in real time. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear. The set normal loading force is 130N, the loading method is ladder loading, the initial loading force is 10N, load to 50N after 30 turns, load to 100N after another 30 turns, load to 130N after another 30 turns and keep it constant until At the end of the experiment, the rotation speed is 20 rpm and the rotation radius is 15 mm.
(4)在腐蚀介质中的摩擦磨损实验过程中，由旋转电机1带动试样5运动，同时工作电极4配合辅助电极8和参比电极9采集电化学试验数据。腐蚀时间为240h后，取出试样5并测量其质量，通过和腐蚀前的质量对比，计算出腐蚀速率和磨损率，并绘制出极化曲线和交流阻抗谱曲线。(4) During the friction and wear experiment in corrosive media, the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data. After the corrosion time is 240 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例的一种摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置同步测试材料耐磨性能 和耐蚀性能的实验方法，具体步骤如下：This embodiment uses a friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device to simultaneously test the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. The specific steps are as follows:
(1)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的腐蚀环境单元，箱体11的材料为玻璃，腐蚀介质为含有5wt.％泥沙+3.5wt.％NaCl的腐蚀水溶液。开启加热器，设定加热温度为40℃，通过开启搅拌器13进行对腐蚀介质的搅拌。(1) The corrosion environment unit of the pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device. The material of the box 11 is glass, and the corrosion medium is a corrosive aqueous solution containing 5wt.% sediment + 3.5wt.% NaCl. Turn on the heater, set the heating temperature to 40°C, and stir the corrosive medium by turning on the stirrer 13.
(2)销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的摩擦副为陶瓷材料，试样5的材质为耐磨铬青铜合金。试样5外径尺寸φ130mm；摩擦副6端面为直径为φ5mm的平面，试样5与摩擦副6接接触方式为面-面。工作电极3通过螺钉和销钉与摩擦盘4固定，并一起固定在旋转电机1的传动轴101上，随其一起运动。(2) The friction pair of the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device is made of ceramic material, and the material of sample 5 is wear-resistant chromium bronze alloy. The outer diameter of sample 5 is φ130mm; the end face of friction pair 6 is a flat surface with a diameter of φ5mm, and the contact mode between sample 5 and friction pair 6 is face-to-face. The working electrode 3 is fixed to the friction plate 4 through screws and pins, and is fixed to the transmission shaft 101 of the rotating electrical machine 1 and moves together with it.
(3)法向加载伺服电机12内置力学传感器实现对载荷的加载，用于实时测量加载力和摩擦力。在腐蚀介质中开始摩擦磨损实验前，测量试样5的原始质量，作为后续腐蚀磨损后腐蚀速率和磨损率的计算依据。设定的法向加载力为100N，加载方式为线性加载，按照每旋转100转后加载力增加10N进行线性加载，转速为20rpm，旋转半径20mm。(3) The normal loading servo motor 12 has a built-in mechanical sensor to load the load and measure the loading force and friction force in real time. Before starting the friction and wear experiment in the corrosive medium, measure the original mass of sample 5 as a basis for calculating the corrosion rate and wear rate after subsequent corrosion and wear. The set normal loading force is 100N, the loading method is linear loading, and the loading force is increased by 10N after every 100 revolutions for linear loading, the rotation speed is 20rpm, and the rotation radius is 20mm.
(4)在腐蚀介质中的摩擦磨损实验过程中，由旋转电机1带动试样5运动，同时工作电极4配合辅助电极8和参比电极9采集电化学试验数据。腐蚀时间为300h后，取出试样5并测量其质量，通过和腐蚀前的质量对比，计算出腐蚀速率和磨损率，并绘制出极化曲线和交流阻抗谱曲线。(4) During the friction and wear experiment in corrosive media, the rotating motor 1 drives the sample 5 to move, while the working electrode 4 cooperates with the auxiliary electrode 8 and the reference electrode 9 to collect electrochemical test data. After the corrosion time is 300 hours, take out the sample 5 and measure its mass. By comparing it with the mass before corrosion, the corrosion rate and wear rate are calculated, and the polarization curve and AC impedance spectrum curve are drawn.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：A pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device, characterized in that the device includes:
    腐蚀环境单元，包括箱体和位于箱体内的腐蚀介质；Corrosive environment unit, including the box and the corrosive medium located in the box;
    电化学单元，包括电化学工作站、位于箱体内的工作电极，和一端插入到箱体内的辅助电极和参比电极，所述工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极均与腐蚀介质接触，且所述工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极均与电化学工作站连接；The electrochemical unit includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode located in the box, and an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode with one end inserted into the box. The working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all in contact with the corrosive medium, and the The working electrode, auxiliary electrode and reference electrode are all connected to the electrochemical workstation;
    摩擦磨损单元，包括旋转单元和法向力加载单元，所述旋转单元的一端连接有试样，且伸入至所述箱体内的一侧，所述法向力加载单元的一端连接有摩擦副，且伸入至所述箱体内的另一侧，所述旋转单元提供旋转运动，所述法向力加载单元提供法向加载力，通过所述试样和所述摩擦副之间接触运动实现摩擦磨损过程。The friction and wear unit includes a rotating unit and a normal force loading unit. One end of the rotating unit is connected to a sample and extends into one side of the box. One end of the normal force loading unit is connected to a friction pair. , and extends into the other side of the box, the rotating unit provides rotational motion, and the normal force loading unit provides normal loading force, which is achieved through the contact movement between the sample and the friction pair Friction and wear process.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述旋转单元包括第一驱动机构和摩擦盘，所述第一驱动机构的传动轴伸入至所述箱体内，所述传动轴的一端依次连接有工作电极、摩擦盘和试样，所述工作电极和所述试样通过导线连接。The pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating unit includes a first driving mechanism and a friction disk, and the transmission shaft of the first driving mechanism extends into the In the box, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to a working electrode, a friction disk and a sample in sequence, and the working electrode and the sample are connected through wires.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述法向力加载单元包括第二驱动机构、固定盘和数据采集处理系统，所述第二驱动机构的传动轴伸入至所述箱体内，且连接有固定盘，所述摩擦副活动连接在所述固定盘的外侧；The pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 2, wherein the normal force loading unit includes a second driving mechanism, a fixed disk and a data acquisition and processing system, and the second driving mechanism The transmission shaft extends into the box and is connected to a fixed plate, and the friction pair is movably connected to the outside of the fixed plate;
    所述数据采集处理系统与所述第二驱动机构连接，用于采集摩擦磨损过程中的法向加载力，并进行处理数据得到摩擦力数据。The data acquisition and processing system is connected to the second driving mechanism and is used to collect the normal loading force during the friction and wear process, and process the data to obtain friction force data.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述数据采集处理系统包括应力传感器、处理器和显示器，所述应力传感器内置于所述第二驱动机构内，所述处理器电连接于所述应力传感器和显示器，用于对所述应力传感器采集到的法向加载力数据进行处理，并将得到 摩擦力数据显示在显示器上。The pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the data acquisition and processing system includes a stress sensor, a processor and a display, and the stress sensor is built into the second driving mechanism. The processor is electrically connected to the stress sensor and the display, and is used to process the normal loading force data collected by the stress sensor, and display the obtained friction force data on the display.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括温度控制系统，所述温度控制系统包括加热器、温度传感器和控制单元，所述加热器和温度传感器电连接于控制单元，所述控制单元用于设定温度并控制加热器的开合；The pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the device further includes a temperature control system, the temperature control system includes a heater, a temperature sensor and a control unit, and the heating The heater and temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control unit, which is used to set the temperature and control the opening and closing of the heater;
    所述加热器用于对箱体内进行加热，所述温度传感器的一端延伸入箱体内，用于测量箱体内的温度。The heater is used to heat the box, and one end of the temperature sensor extends into the box to measure the temperature in the box.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括隔板，所述隔板设置在箱体内的下部，用于将箱体分隔成两个密闭仓体，分别为液仓和空仓，所述液仓用于进行腐蚀状态下的摩擦磨损试验，所述加热器的加热端设置在所述空仓内。The pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that the device further includes a partition, which is arranged at the lower part of the box and is used to separate the box into two There are two sealed warehouses, which are respectively a liquid warehouse and an empty warehouse. The liquid warehouse is used to conduct friction and wear tests under corrosion conditions. The heating end of the heater is arranged in the empty warehouse.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述隔板为玻璃材质。The pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 6, wherein the partition is made of glass.
  8. 如权利要求6所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括搅拌器，所述搅拌器贯穿所述隔板延伸入所述箱体的液仓内；The pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 6, wherein the device further includes a stirrer, which extends through the partition into the liquid tank of the box. ;
    所述搅拌器的与所述隔板接触部位设置有动密封件。A dynamic seal is provided at the contact portion of the agitator with the partition plate.
  9. 如权利要求3所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动机构和/或所述第二驱动机构伸入所述箱体内的传动轴为高分子材质。The pin-on-disk friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the transmission shaft of the first driving mechanism and/or the second driving mechanism extending into the box is made of polymer. Material.
  10. 一种如权利要求1～9任一项所述的销盘式摩擦-腐蚀多环境耦合实验装置的操作方法，其特征在于，所述操作方法包括以下步骤：An operating method for the pin-on-disc friction-corrosion multi-environment coupling experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the operating method includes the following steps:
    步骤一，将试样固定在旋转单元上，摩擦副固定在法向力加载单元上；在箱体内放入腐蚀介质，腐蚀介质液面高度覆盖试样和摩擦副；Step 1: Fix the sample on the rotating unit and the friction pair on the normal force loading unit; put the corrosive medium in the box so that the liquid level of the corrosive medium covers the sample and the friction pair;
    步骤二，打开温度控制系统设定加热温度，温度达到要求后，打开第一驱动机构带动试样进行旋转，打开第二驱动机构带动摩擦副与试样进行摩擦磨损试验，按照设定的法向力和加载速度进行加载，摩擦磨损过程中进行数据的采集和处理，得到腐蚀过程中的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 2: Turn on the temperature control system to set the heating temperature. After the temperature reaches the requirement, turn on the first driving mechanism to drive the sample to rotate, and turn on the second driving mechanism to drive the friction pair and the sample to conduct friction and wear tests. According to the set normal direction Loading is carried out with force and loading speed, data is collected and processed during the friction and wear process, and electrochemical data and friction force data during the corrosion process are obtained;
    步骤三，改变腐蚀介质、温度、法向加载力和加载速度中的任意一种或多种，再次测量得到不同条件下的电化学数据和摩擦力数据；Step 3: Change any one or more of the corrosion medium, temperature, normal loading force and loading speed, and measure again to obtain the electrochemical data and friction data under different conditions;
    步骤四，关闭第一驱动机构、第二驱动机构和温度控制系统，将得到的电化学数据和摩擦力数据进行数据处理，对材料的耐磨性能和耐蚀性能进行评估。Step 4: Turn off the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the temperature control system, process the obtained electrochemical data and friction data, and evaluate the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
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