WO2023177398A1

WO2023177398A1 - Power saving features enablements

Info

Publication number: WO2023177398A1
Application number: PCT/US2022/020620
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hsing-Hung Hsieh; Thong Thai; Peter Siyuan ZHANG
Original assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority date: 2022-03-16
Filing date: 2022-03-16
Publication date: 2023-09-21
Also published as: TW202338785A

Abstract

In some examples, an electronic device includes an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, and a controller to determine a power conservation ratio, the power conservation ratio based on brightness and color values of pixels of an image to be displayed by OLED display panel, and, based on the power conservation ratio, determine if a first power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, a second power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, or a combination thereof is to be enabled.

Description

POWER SAVING FEATURES ENABLEMENTS

BACKGROUND

[0001] Electronic devices such as televisions, notebooks, laptops, desktops, tablets, and smartphones are equipped with display panels. Governmental standards or regulations establish threshold values for power consumptions of a display panel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Various examples are described below referring to the following figures.

[0003] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for an electronic device enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0004] FIGS. 2A and 2B are examples of an electronic device enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0005] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device for enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0006] FIGS. 4A and 4B are examples of an electronic device enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0007] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device for enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0008] FIGS. 6A and 6B are examples of an electronic device enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0009] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device for enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

[0010] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for an electronic device enabling power saving features, in accordance with various examples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] As described above, electronic devices are equipped with display panels that are to comply with governmental standards or regulations that establish threshold values for power consumptions. Some types of display panels, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), enable adjustment of brightness of individual pixels. In various situations, display panels that enable the adjustment of individual pixels consumes more power than display panels that do not enable adjustment of individual pixels. For instance, when an image has a high level of brightness, contrast, or a combination thereof, an OLED consumes higher levels of power than other types of display panels that adjust pixels by regions.

[0012] Some electronic devices adjust a brightness of the display panel to reduce the power consumption. In instances where an image is dark, or has low brightness, the calculations to perform the brightness adjustment consume more power than is saved. To maintain readability of an image having an adjusted brightness, some electronic devices may increase a contrast of the image. In instances where the image is monotonal, or has low contrast, the calculations to perform the contrast adjustment consume more power than is saved.

[0013] This description describes an electronic device that utilizes a power conservation ratio of an image for display via a display panel to determine whether to enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof. The first power saving feature is edge dimming, for example. Edge dimming, as used herein, indicates that a brightness of a central region of the display panel is maintained while a brightness of a peripheral region of the display panel is decreased. The second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting. Dynamic contrasting, as used herein, indicates that a contrast within the image is increased by decreasing a brightness, a color value, or a combination thereof, of pixels that surround brighter pixels of an image.

[0014] The power conservation ratio is an average of image display ratios for the pixels of the image for display via the display panel. An image display ratio for a pixel of an image is dependent upon a brightness and a color of the pixel of the image. The electronic device determines a brightness ratio for the pixel by dividing the brightness of the pixel by an upper limit of a brightness range of the display panel. The electronic device determines a color ratio for the pixel by dividing the color of the pixel by an upper limit of a color scale range. The electronic device determines the image display ratio for the pixel by multiplying the brightness ratio and the color ratio. To determine the power conservation ratio, the electronic device sums the image display ratios for the pixels and divides a result of the summation by a total number of the pixels. [0015] The electronic device sums together absolute values of differences between the power conservation ratio and the image display ratio for each pixel. To determine an average contrast deviation from the power conservation ratio, the electronic device divides the sum by the number of pixels. Based on comparisons of the power conservation ratio to a first threshold and the average contrast deviation to a second threshold, the electronic device determines whether to enable the first power saving feature, the second power saving feature, or a combination thereof.

[0016] In some examples, in response to the power conservation ratio being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables edge dimming and dynamic contrasting. In response to the power conservation ratio being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being less than the second threshold, the electronic device enables edge dimming. In response to the power conservation ratio being less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables dynamic contrasting.

[0017] Utilizing the power conservation ratio reduces the power consumption of the display panel and maintains the picture quality and normal operations of the display panel regardless of a brightness, a range of colors, or a combination thereof, of the image displayed on the display panel. Determining the power conservation ratio conserves power by blocking the electronic device from uselessly performing brightness reduction calculations, contrast increasing calculations, or a combination thereof, for images that are dark, monotonal, or a combination thereof. Edge dimming enables the image to still be read by a user by maintaining brightness at the center of the image, where the user’s gaze focuses. Edge dimming reduces a power consumption of the pixels in a region dimmed by the edge dimming. Dynamic contrasting enables the image to still be interpreted by the user by enhancing a perceived brightness of the image. To enhance the perceived brightness, dynamic contrast dims darker pixels of the image, thereby reducing power consumption of the pixels that are dimmed. The perceived brightness increases the readability of the image by the user. Utilizing edge dimming and dynamic contrasting together enables readability and reduced power consumption when images are dark as well as when images are monotonal.

[0018] In some examples in accordance with the present description, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel and a controller to determine a power conservation ratio. The power conservation ratio is based on brightness and color values of pixels of an image to be displayed by the OLED display panel. Based on the power conservation ratio, the controller is to determine if a first power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, a second power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, or a combination thereof is to be enabled. [0019] In other examples in accordance with the present description, a non- transitory machine-readable medium storing machine-readable instructions is provided. The term “non-transitory,” as used herein, does not encompass transitory propagating signals. The machine-readable instructions, when executed by a controller, cause the controller to determine a power conservation ratio and an average contrast deviation for an image. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than a first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than a second threshold, the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to disable a first power saving feature of a display panel and disable a second power saving feature of the display panel. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold or the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to enable the first power saving feature of the display panel, enable the second power saving feature of the display panel, or a combination thereof.

[0020] In some examples in accordance with the present description, a non- transitory machine-readable medium storing machine-readable instructions is provided. The machine-readable instructions, when executed by a controller, cause the controller to determine a power conservation ratio based on pixels of an image to be displayed by the electronic device, determine an average contrast deviation of the pixels of the image, compare the power conservation ratio to a first threshold and the average contrast deviation to a second threshold, and enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof based on the comparisons.

[0021] Referring now to FIG. 1 , a flow diagram of a method 100 for an electronic device enabling power saving features is shown, in accordance with various examples. The method 100 includes receiving an image (102). The method 100 also includes determining a power conservation ratio (104). Additionally, the method 100 includes determining an average contrast deviation (106). The method 100 includes determining which power saving features to enable based on the power conservation ratio and the average contrast deviation (108).

[0022] As described above, the electronic device utilizes the power conservation ratio, the average contrast deviation, or the combination thereof, to determine whether to enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof, of a display panel. The display panel is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, a mini-light emitting diode (mini-LED) display panel, a micro-LED display panel, or other display panel having individually adjustable pixels, adjustable zones of pixels, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the display panel is an integrated display panel of the electronic device. The electronic device is an OLED display device, a mini-LED display device, or a micro-LED display device, for example. In other examples, the display panel is a display panel of a standalone display device communicatively coupled to the electronic device via a wired (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Video Graphics Array (VGA), Digital Visual Interface (DVI), DisplayPort (DP), or other suitable standard or specification for communicating with display devices), or a wireless connection (e.g., WI-FI®, BLUETOOTH®). The power saving features include edge dimming, dynamic contrasting, or a combination thereof, for example.

[0023] In various examples, the electronic device receives an image for display via the display panel. The electronic device receives the image from an application executing on the electronic device, for example. An application, as used herein, is implemented via machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by a controller of the electronic device, causes the controller to perform specified operations. The image is text, a picture, or any other suitable data for display via the display panel.

[0024] In some examples, the power conservation ratio is an average of image display ratios for the pixels of the image for display via the display panel. An image display ratio (I) for a pixel is based on a brightness of the pixel, an upper limit of a brightness range of the display panel, a color value of the pixel, and an upper limit of a color range of the display panel. The image display ratio is determined utilizing the following formula, for example:

I = (B/Bmax)*(C/Cmax), where I is the image display ratio, B is a brightness of a pixel of an image, Bmax is an upper limit of the brightness range of the display panel, C is a color value of the pixel of the image, and Cmax is an upper limit of the color range of the display panel.

[0025] For example, a pixel of an image for display via the display panel has a brightness of 200 nits and a color value of 127. The brightness range of the display panel is 0 - 400 nits and the color value range of the display panel is 0 - 255. The electronic device determines the brightness ratio for the pixel of the image by dividing 200 by 400. The electronic device determines the color ratio for the pixel of the image by dividing 127 by 255. The electronic device determines the image ratio for the pixel of the image by multiplying the brightness ratio by the color ratio to obtain a result of 0.249. In some examples, the electronic device converts the image ratio to a percentage by multiplying the result by 100 (e.g., 0.249*100 = 24.9%).

[0026] While in some examples, the color value is a grayscale color value (e.g., grayscale color model), in other examples, the image includes multiple color values that include a color value for the different color ranges of another color model. In another example, the color model is a Red Green Blue (RGB) color model. The image includes a first color value for the red color range, a second color value for the green color range, and a third color value for the blue color range, for example. In various examples, the electronic device determines the color ratio for the pixel of the image by converting the RGB color value of the pixel to a grayscale color value. The electronic device sums the first color value, the second color value, and the third color value. The electronic device divides the sum by three. The electronic device determines the image display ratio for the RGB color model utilizing the following formula, for example:

I = (B/Bmax)*((Cr+Cg+Cb)/3/Cmax), where Or is a red color value of the pixel of the image, Cg is a green color value of the pixel of the image, Cb is a blue color value of the pixel of the image, and Cmax is an upper limit of the grayscale color range for the display panel.

[0027] In other examples, the electronic device determines the image ratio for the pixel of the image by converting the RGB color model to a Hue Saturation Value (HSV), or Hue Saturation Brightness (HSB), color model. The electronic device determines the image display ratio by dividing a value for the brightness value (e.g. , V, B) that results from the conversion by the upper limit of the brightness range of the display panel, for example:

I = (Bhsv/Bmax), where Bhsv is the value for the brightness value that results from the conversion from the RGB color model to the HSV, or HSB, color model, and Bmax is an upper limit of the brightness range for the display panel.

[0028] While the color range of the display panel is represented by a decimal scale of 0 - 255, in other examples, the color range of the display panel is represented by a hexadecimal scale of 0x00 - OxFF (e.g., OOh - FFh). In some examples, the brightness range of the display panel is determined at a time of manufacture. For example, the brightness range of the display panel is 0 - 250 nits, 0 - 350 nits, 0 - 400 nits, 0 - 1000 nits, or other suitable range determined at the time of manufacture. In various examples, a user of the electronic device specifies the brightness range as a subset of the brightness range determined at the time of manufacture utilizing an application. For example, utilizing an application, the user specifies a brightness range of 0 - 600 nits for a display panel having a brightness range determined at the time of manufacture as 0 - 1000 nits. [0029] In various examples, the electronic device determines the power conservation ratio by determining an average of image display ratios for the pixels of the image. The electronic device sums the image display ratios for the pixels of the image. The electronic device divides the sum by a number of pixels of the image. For example, the electronic device determines that 100 pixels have image display ratios of 24.9%, 500 pixels have image display ratios of 0%, and 600 pixels have image display ratios of 85%. The electronic device determines the power conservation ratio (PCR) by performing the following calculation, for example:

PCR = ((100*24.9)+(500*0)+(600*85))/1200 = 44.575%.

[0030] In some examples, the electronic device determines an average contrast deviation (ACD) from the power conservation ratio by summing together absolute values of differences between the power conservation ratio and the image display ratio for each pixel and dividing the result by the number of pixels. For example,

ACD = ((|44.575-24.9|*100)+(|44.575-0|*500)+(|44.575-85|*600))/1200

ACD = 40.425%.

[0031] In various examples, the electronic device determines whether to enable the first power saving feature, the second power saving feature, or a combination thereof, based on comparisons of the power conservation ratio to a first threshold and the average contrast deviation to a second threshold. While in some examples, the first threshold and the second threshold have an equivalent value, in other examples, the first threshold is a first value, and the second threshold is a second value.

[0032] In some examples, in response to the power conservation ratio being less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables dynamic contrasting. For example, the first threshold is 50% and the second threshold is 15%. In response to the power conservation ratio of 44.575% being less than 50% and the average standard deviation of 40.425% being equivalent to or greater than 15%, the electronic device enables edge dimming, as shown below with respect to FIG. 2, for example.

[0033] In other examples, in response to the power conservation ratio being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being less than the second threshold, the electronic device enables edge dimming. For example, the first threshold is 40% and the second threshold is 50%. In response to the power conservation ratio of 44.575% being equivalent to or greater than 40% and the average standard deviation of 40.425% being less than 50%, the electronic device enables edge dimming, as shown below with respect to FIG. 4, for example.

[0034] In various examples, in response to the power conservation ratio being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation being equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables edge dimming and dynamic contrasting. For example, the first threshold is 20% and the second threshold is 25%. In response to the power conservation ratio of 44.575% being equivalent to or greater than 20% and the average standard deviation of 40.425% being equivalent to or greater than 25%, the electronic device enables edge dimming and dynamic contrasting, as shown below with respect to FIG. 6, for example.

[0035] In some examples, utilizing a graphical user interface (GUI), a user specifies the first threshold, the second threshold, or the combination thereof. In response to execution of an application, the GUI is displayed via the display panel, for example. In other examples, a manufacturer of the electronic device specifies the first threshold, the second threshold, or the combination thereof.

[0036] Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B, examples of an electronic device 200 enabling power saving features are shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 200 is a desktop, laptop, notebook, tablet, smartphone, or other suitable computing device able to enable power saving features of a display panel 202. A display panel 202A and a display panel 202B are collectively referred to as the display panel 202. The display panel 202 is an OLED display panel, a mini-LED display panel, or a micro-LED display panel, for example. The electronic device 200 performs the method 100 to enable the power saving features of the display panel 202, for example. The electronic device 200 causes the display panel 202 to display an image that includes two horizontal black lines on a white background. A black pixel of the image has a color value of 0 and a brightness of 0 nits, and a white pixel of the image has a color value of 255 and a brightness of 400 nits, for example.

[0037] Referring now to FIG. 2A, an example of the electronic device 200 causing the display panel 202A to display an image without power saving features enabled is shown. A brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202A displaying the black lines is 0, for example. A brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202A displaying the white background is 400 nits, for example.

[0038] Referring now to FIG. 2B, an example of the electronic device 200 causing the display panel 202B to display the image with a power saving feature enabled is shown. The electronic device 200 enables edge dimming for the display panel 202B, for example. The brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B within a region 204 is unmodified. The region 204 is a central region, for example. The region 206 is a peripheral region, for example. The electronic device 200 determines that within the region 204, the brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the black lines is 0, and the brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the white background is 400 nits. The brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B within the region 206 is dimmed. For example, within the region 206, the brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the black lines is 0, and the brightness of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the white background is 200 nits, for example.

[0039] Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the electronic device 200 determines the power conservation ratio of the image displayed by the display panel 202A. The electronic device 200 determines the power conservation ratio using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than a first threshold and that the average contrast deviation is less than a second threshold, the electronic device 200 enables the power saving features for the display panel 202B. For example, the electronic device 200 determines that the image display ratios for the pixels of the image that are black lines are 0% and the image display ratios for the pixels of the image that are the white background are 100%. The electronic device 200 determines that the PCR = ((200*0)+(700*1 ,00))/900, or 0.778. The electronic device 200 determines the average contrast deviation. The electronic device 200 determines the average contrast deviation using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. The electronic device 200 determines that the ACD = ((|0.778- 0|*200)+(|0.778-1.00|*700))/900, or 0.346. In response to the determination that 0.778 is equivalent to or greater than a first threshold of 0.5 and that 0.346 is less than a second threshold of 0.5, the electronic device 200 enables edge dimming for the display panel 202B, as shown in FIG. 2B.

[0040] In various examples, the electronic device 200 determines a multiplier by which to reduce brightness within the peripheral region. The electronic device 200 determines the multiplier by determining a target power consumption for the region 206, for example. For example, the electronic device 200 determines that the target power consumption for the region 206 is half of an original power consumption for the display panel 202A displaying the image without power saving features enabled. The electronic device 200 determines that the multiplier is 0.50. The electronic device 200 reduces a brightness of a pixel of the peripheral region by multiplying the multiplier by the brightness of the image. For the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the white background of the image, the electronic device 200 multiplies 0.50 by the upper limit of the brightness for the display panel and reduces the brightness of the pixels of the region 206. For example, the electronic device 200 reduces the brightness of the pixels of the region 206 from 400 nits to 200 nits, for example.

[0041] In another example, the electronic device 200 reduces color values of the region 206 by a specified number to reduce the brightness of the pixels of the region 206. The specified number is a multiplier determined by a target power consumption for the region 206, for example. For example, the electronic device 200 reduces a color value of the white background of the region 206 from 255 to 128. In other examples, the specified amount is a specified color value reduction. For example, the electronic device 200 reduces the color value of the white background of the region 206 from 255 by 100. The electronic device 200 causes the display panel to display the white background of the region 206 with a color value of 155.

[0042] In some examples, utilizing the graphical user interface (GUI), the user specifies the multiplier, the specified brightness reduction, the target power consumption for the peripheral region, or the combination thereof. In other examples, the multiplier, the specified color value reduction, the target power consumption for the peripheral region, or the combination thereof, are determined at the time of manufacture.

[0043] Referring now to FIG. 3, a block diagram of an electronic device 300 for enabling power saving features is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 300 is the electronic device 200, for example. The electronic device 300 includes a controller 302, a storage device 304, and a display panel 306. The controller 302 is a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable integrated circuit, a programmable gate array, or other suitable device for managing operations of the electronic device 300 or a component or multiple components of the electronic device 300. For example, the controller 302 is a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or an embedded security controller (EpSC). The storage device 304 is a hard drive, a solid-state drive (SSD), flash memory, random access memory (RAM), or other suitable memory for storing data or machine-readable instructions of the electronic device 300. The display panel 306 is the display panel 202, for example. The display panel 306 includes pixels 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352, 354, 356, 358, 360, 362, 364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, which are referred to as the pixels 312-380 collectively.

[0044] While not explicitly shown, in some examples, the electronic device 300 includes network interfaces, video adapters, sound cards, local buses, peripheral devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, a speaker, a microphone), driver circuitry to drive the pixels 312-380, or a combination thereof. In various examples, the controller 302 is coupled to the storage device 304 and the display panel 306. In some examples, the controller 302 is coupled to the pixels 312-380 via driver circuitry.

[0045] In various examples, the storage device 304 stores machine-readable instructions 308, 310, which, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 302. The machine-readable instructions 308, 310, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to perform some or all of the method 100, for example. The machine-readable instructions 308, 310, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to enable power saving features, for example. The machine-readable instruction 308, when executed by the controller 302, causes the controller 302 to determine a power conservation ratio. Based on the power conservation ratio, the machine-readable instruction 310, when executed by the controller 302, causes the controller 302 to enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof.

[0046] In some examples, the display panel 306 is an OLED display panel. The controller 302 determines the power conservation ratio. The power conservation ratio is based on brightness and color values of pixels of an image to be displayed by the OLED display panel. The controller 302 determines the power conservation ratio utilizing the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. Based on the power conservation ratio, the controller 302 determines if a first power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, a second power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, or a combination thereof is to be enabled. In various examples, the first power saving feature is edge dimming, and the second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting.

[0047] As described above with respect to FIG. 1 , to determine the power conservation ratio, the controller 302 determines brightness ratios for the pixels of the image by dividing a brightness of a pixel of the pixels by the upper limit of the brightness range of the display panel 306. The controller 302 determines color ratios for the pixels by dividing a color of the pixel of the pixels by the upper limit of the color scale range of the display panel 306. The controller 302 determines image display ratios for the pixels by multiplying the brightness ratio for the pixel of the pixels and the color ratio of the pixel of the pixels. The controller 302 sums the image display ratios for the pixels. The controller 302 divides the sum by a total number of the pixels of the image.

[0048] In some examples, the controller 302 determines an average contrast deviation by summing together absolute values of differences between the power conservation ratio and the image display ratio for the pixels and dividing the result by the number of pixels. The controller 302 determines the power conservation ratio using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. Based on the power conservation ratio being less than a first threshold and the average contrast deviation being less than a second threshold, the controller 302 disables the first power saving feature and the second power saving feature.

[0049] In various examples, in response to enabling the edge dimming feature, the controller 302 determines a peripheral region (e.g., the region 206) of the pixels 312-380 and a central region (e.g., the region 204) of the pixels 312-380. The controller 302 determines the peripheral region is the region that frames the central region, for example. The controller 302 determines the peripheral region includes the pixels 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 338, 340, 352, 354, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380. The controller 302 determines the central region includes the pixels 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 356, 358, 360, 362, 364.

[0050] In some examples, in response to enabling the edge dimming feature, the controller 302 determines multiple peripheral regions of the pixels 312-380 and a central region (e.g., the region 204) of the pixels 312-380. The controller 302 determines a first peripheral region of the multiple peripheral regions is a region that frames the central region, and a second peripheral region of the multiple peripheral regions is a region that frames the first peripheral region. The controller 302 determines the central region includes the pixels 344, 346, 348, for example. The controller 302 determines the first peripheral region includes the pixels 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 342, 350, 356, 358, 360, 362, 364. The controller 302 determines the second peripheral region includes the pixels 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 338, 340, 352, 354, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380.

[0051] The controller 302 determines a number of peripheral regions by determining a target power consumption for the display panel 306, for example. For example, in response to the target power consumption for the display panel 306 being less than a first target threshold, the controller 302 determines that the number of peripheral regions is one. In response to the target power consumption for the display panel being less than a second target threshold that is less than the first target threshold, the controller 302 determines that the number of peripheral regions is two.

[0052] In some examples, utilizing the graphical user interface (GUI), the user specifies the first target threshold, the second target threshold, or a combination thereof. In other examples, the number of target thresholds and values for each target threshold are determined at the time of manufacture.

[0053] Referring now to FIGS. 4A and 4B, examples of an electronic device 400 enabling power saving features are shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 400 is the electronic device 200, 300, for example. The electronic device 400 includes a display panel 402. A display panel 402A and a display panel 402B are collectively referred to as the display panel 402. The display panel 402 displays an image that includes multiple horizontal lines 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414 having different color values and brightness.

[0054] Referring now to FIG. 4A, an example of the electronic device 400 causing the display panel 402A to display an image without power saving features enabled is shown. For example, pixels of the display panel 402A displaying a horizontal line 404, a horizontal line 408, and a horizontal line 414 of the image have color values of 210 and brightness of 412 nits, pixels of the display panel 402A displaying a horizontal line 406 of the image have color values of 40 and brightness of 78 nits, pixels of the display panel 402A displaying a horizontal line 410 of the image have color values of 255 and brightness of 500 nits, and pixels of the display panel 402A displaying a horizontal line 412 of the image have color values of 100 and brightness of 196 nits.

[0055] Referring now to FIG. 4B, an example of the electronic device 400 causing the display panel 402B to display the image with a power saving feature enabled is shown. The electronic device 400 enables dynamic contrasting for the display panel 402B, for example. For example, pixels of the display panel 402B displaying the horizontal line 404, the horizontal line 408, and the horizontal line 414 of the image have brightness values of 412 nits, pixels of the display panel 402B displaying the horizontal line 406 of the image have brightness values of 20 nits, pixels of the display panel 402A displaying the horizontal line 410 of the image have brightness values of 400 nits, and pixels of the display panel 402A displaying the horizontal line 412 of the image have a brightness value of 49 nits.

[0056] Referring now to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the electronic device 400 determines the power conservation ratio of the image displayed by the display panel 402A. The electronic device 400 determines the power conservation ratio using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than a first threshold and that the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than a second threshold, the electronic device 400 enables the power saving features for the display panel 402B. In response to the determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and that the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device 400 enables dynamic contrasting for the display panel 402B, as shown in FIG. 4B.

[0057] In various examples, the electronic device 400 compares a first pixel to surrounding pixels. The electronic device 400 compares the first pixel to the surrounding pixels by determining an average contrast deviation for the first pixel and the surrounding pixels. In response to a determination that the average contrast deviation for the first pixel and the surrounding pixels is equivalent to or greater than a contrast threshold, the electronic device 400 determines a multiplier by which to reduce brightness of the surrounding pixels. The electronic device 400 determines the multiplier by determining a target power consumption for the display panel 402B, for example. The electronic device 400 reduces a brightness of the surrounding pixels by multiplying the multiplier by the original brightness of the surrounding pixels.

[0058] In other examples, the electronic device 400 reduces the color values of the surrounding pixels by a specified number to increase the contrast between the first pixel and the surrounding pixels. The specified number is a multiplier determined by a target power consumption for the display panel 402B, for example. In another example, the electronic device 400 reduces a color value by a specified contrast reduction. In response to the specified contrast reduction being equivalent to 30, the electronic device 400 adjusts color values of pixels of the display panel 402B displaying the horizontal line 406 from 40 to 10, for example. By decreasing the brightness, the color values, or a combination thereof, of the surrounding pixels, the power consumption of the display panel 402B is reduced and a contrast of the image displayed by the display panel 402B is enhanced, thereby enhancing a readability of the image. [0059] In some examples, utilizing the graphical user interface (GUI), the user specifies the multiplier, the contrast threshold, or the combination thereof. In other examples, the multiplier, the contrast threshold, or the combination thereof, are determined at the time of manufacture.

[0060] Referring now to FIG. 5, a block diagram of an electronic device 500 for enabling power saving features is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 500 is the electronic device 200, 300, 400, for example. The electronic device 500 includes a controller 502 and a non-transitory machine- readable medium 504. The non-transitory machine-readable medium 504 is the storage device 304, for example.

[0061] In some examples, the controller 502 is coupled to the non-transitory machine-readable medium 504. In various examples, the non-transitory machine- readable medium 504 stores machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by the controller 502, cause the controller 502 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 502. The machine-readable instructions are the machine-readable instructions 506, 508, 510.

[0062] In various examples, the machine-readable instructions 506, 508, 510, when executed by the controller 502, cause the controller 502 to enable power saving features. The machine-readable instruction 506, when executed by the controller 502, causes the controller 502 to determine a power conservation ratio and an average contrast deviation for an image. The machine-readable instruction 508, when executed by the controller 502, causes the controller 502 to disable a first power saving feature and a second power saving feature in response to the power conservation ratio being below a first threshold and the average contrast deviation being below a second threshold. The machine-readable instruction 510, when executed by the controller 502, causes the controller 502 to enable the first power saving feature, the second power saving feature, or a combination thereof, in response to the power conservation ratio or the average contrast deviation being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold or the second threshold, respectively.

[0063] In various examples, the controller 502 determines the power conservation ratio, the average contrast deviation, or the combination thereof, utilizing the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, the controller 502 disables a first power saving feature of a display panel (e.g., the display panel 202, 306, 402) and disables a second power saving feature of the display panel. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold or the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the controller 502 enables the first power saving feature of the display panel, enables the second power saving feature of the display panel, or a combination thereof.

[0064] In various examples, in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the controller 502 enables the first power saving feature and the second power saving feature. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, the controller 502 enables the first power saving feature. The first power saving feature is edge dimming, for example. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the controller 502 enables the second power saving feature. The second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting, for example.

[0065] In some examples, in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, the controller 502 disables the second power saving feature. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the controller 502 disables the first power saving feature.

[0066] In various examples, the controller 502 determines a peripheral region of the display panel and a central region of the display panel. The controller 502 determines the peripheral region, the central region, or a combination thereof, using the techniques described above with respect to FIGS. 2 or 3, for example. In response to enabling the first power saving feature, the controller 502 reduces brightness of pixels of the image for display within the peripheral region of the display panel and maintains brightness of the pixels of the image for display within the central region of the display panel.

[0067] In some examples, the controller 502 determines a second peripheral region of the display panel. In response to enabling the first power saving feature, the controller 502 reduces brightness of pixels of the image for display within the first peripheral region of the display panel by a first multiplier of an upper limit of a brightness of the display panel and reduces brightness of pixels of the image for display within the second peripheral region by a second multiplier of the upper limit of the brightness of the display panel.

[0068] Referring now to FIGS. 6A and 6B, examples of an electronic device 600 enabling power saving features are shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 600 is the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, for example. The electronic device 600 includes a display panel 602. A display panel 602A and a display panel 602B are collectively referred to as the display panel 602. The display panel 602 displays an image that includes multiple horizontal lines 604, 606, 608, 610, 612, 614 having different color values and brightness.

[0069] Referring now to FIG. 6A, an example of the electronic device 600 causing the display panel 602A to display the image without power saving features enabled is shown. For example, pixels of the display panel 602A displaying a horizontal line 604, a horizontal line 608, and a horizontal line 614 of the image have color values of 210 and brightness of 205 nits, pixels of the display panel 602A displaying a horizontal line 606 of the image have color values of 40 and brightness of 35 nits, pixels of the display panel 602A displaying a horizontal line 610 of the image have color values of 255 and brightness of 250 nits, and pixels of the display panel 602A displaying a horizontal line 612 of the image have color values of 100 and brightness of 95 nits.

[0070] Referring now to FIG. 6B, an example of the electronic device 600 causing the display panel 602B to display the image with power saving features enabled is shown. The electronic device 600 enables edge dimming and dynamic contrasting for the display panel 602B, for example. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 604, 614 have color values of 210 and brightness of 145 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 608 within a central region 616 have color values of 210 and brightness of 205 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 608 outside the central region 616 have color values of 210 and brightness of 145 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 606 within the central region 616 have color values of 40 and brightness of 0 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 606 outside the central region 616 have color values of 40 and brightness of 0 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 610 within the central region 616 have color values of 255 and brightness of 250 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 610 outside the central region 616 have color values of 255 and brightness of 205 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 612 within the central region 616 have color values of 100 and brightness of 70 nits. Pixels of the display panel 602B displaying the horizontal line 612 outside the central region 616 have color values of 100 and brightness of 10 nits.

[0071] Referring now to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the electronic device 600 determines the power conservation ratio, the average contrast deviation, or the combination thereof, of the image displayed by the display panel 602A. The electronic device 600 determines the power conservation ratio, the average contrast deviation, or the combination thereof, using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and that the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device 600 enables the power saving features for the display panel 602B.

[0072] In some examples, the electronic device 600 enables dynamic contrasting utilizing the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 4. The dynamic contrasting reduces brightness of a pixel of the display panel 602B by a first multiplier, for example. The electronic device 600 enables edge dimming utilizing the techniques described above with respect to FIGS. 2 or 3, for example. The edge dimming reduces brightness of pixels outside the central region 616 of the display panel 602B by a second multiplier, for example. In other examples, the electronic device 600 determines a multiplier that reduces brightness of pixels outside the central region 616 of the display panel 602B by an amount that includes edge dimming and dynamic contrasting.

[0073] In various examples, in response to a determination that edge dimming and dynamic contrasting are enabled, the electronic device 600 adjusts color values, brightness, or a combination thereof, of the pixels of the display panel 602B to reduce power consumption of the display panel 602B. The electronic device 600 adjusts the color values, the brightness, or the combination thereof, utilizing techniques described above with respect to FIGS. 2, 3, or 4, for example.

[0074] Referring now to FIG. 7, a block diagram of an electronic device 700 for enabling power saving features is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 700 is the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, for example. The electronic device 700 includes a controller 702 and a non-transitory machine-readable medium 704. The controller 702 is the controller 302, 502, for example. The non-transitory machine-readable medium 704 is the storage device 304, the non-transitory machine-readable medium 504, for example.

[0075] In some examples, the controller 702 is coupled to the non-transitory machine-readable medium 704. In various examples, the non-transitory machine- readable medium 704 stores machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by the controller 702, cause the controller 702 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 702. The machine-readable instructions are the machine-readable instructions 706, 708, 710, 712.

[0076] In various examples, the machine-readable instructions 706, 708, 710, 712, when executed by the controller 702, cause the controller 702 to enable power saving features. The machine-readable instruction 706, when executed by the controller 702, causes the controller 702 to determine a power conservation ratio. The machine-readable instruction 708, when executed by the controller 702, causes the controller 702 to determine an average contrast deviation. The machine-readable instruction 710, when executed by the controller 702, causes the controller 702 to compare the power conservation ratio to a first threshold and the average contrast deviation to a second threshold. The machine-readable instruction 712, when executed by the controller 702, causes the controller 702 to enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof, based on the comparisons.

[0077] In some examples, the controller 702 determines the power conservation ratio based on pixels of an image to be displayed by the electronic device 700. The controller 702 determines an average contrast deviation of the pixels of the image. The controller 702 determines the power conservation ratio, the average contrast deviation, or the combination thereof, using techniques as described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. The controller 702 compares the power conservation ratio to the first threshold and the average contrast deviation to the second threshold. The first threshold and the second threshold are stored to the non-transitory machine-readable medium 704 of the electronic device 700, for example. The controller 702 enables a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof based on the comparisons. The first power saving feature is edge dimming, and the second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting, for example.

[0078] In various examples, the controller 702 adjusts contrast of the image in response to enabling the second power saving feature. For example, the controller 702 determines an adjustment ratio by which to adjust the contrast of the image. The controller 702 determines the adjustment ratio using the techniques described above with respect to FIGS. 4, 5, or 6, for example. In another example, the controller 702 maintains a first brightness of a first pixel and decreases a second brightness of a second pixel to adjust the contrast of the image.

[0079] Referring now to FIG. 8, a flow diagram of a method 800 for an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700) enabling power saving features is shown, in accordance with various examples. The method 800 includes receiving an image (802). The method 800 also includes determining a power conservation ratio (PCR) (804). Additionally, the method 800 includes determining an average contrast deviation (ACD) (806). The method 800 includes determining whether the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than a first threshold (808). In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold, the method 800 includes determining whether the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than a second threshold (810). In response to a determination that the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the method 800 also includes enabling a first power saving feature and a second power saving feature (812). In response to a determination that the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, the method 800 includes enabling the first power saving feature (814).

[0080] In response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold, the method 800 includes determining whether the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold (816). In response to a determination that the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the method 800 also includes enabling the second power saving feature (818).

[0081] In various examples, the electronic device receives an image from an image sensor, an application, or a combination thereof. The electronic device determines the PCR, the ACD, or the combination thereof using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determination that the PCR is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and to a determination that the ACD is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables a first power saving feature and a second power saving feature, as described above with respect to FIG. 6B, for example. In response to a determination that the PCR is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and to a determination that the ACD is less than the second threshold, the electronic device enables the first power saving feature, as described above with respect to FIG. 2B, for example. In response to a determination that the PCR is less than the first threshold, and to a determination that the ACD is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, the electronic device enables the second power saving feature, as described above with respect to FIG. 4B, for example.

[0082] Unless infeasible, some or all of the method 100, 800 may be performed by a controller (e.g., the controller 302, 502, 702) concurrently or in different sequences and by circuity of an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700), execution of machine-readable instructions of the electronic device. For example, the method 100, 800 is implemented by machine- readable instructions stored to a storage device (e.g., the storage device 304, the non-transitory machine-readable medium 504, 704, or another storage device not explicitly shown of the electronic device), circuitry (some of which is not explicitly shown) of the electronic device, or a combination thereof. The controller executes the machine-readable instructions to perform some or all of the method 100, 800, for example.

[0083] As described above with respect to FIGS. 1-8, utilizing the graphical user interface (GUI), the user specifies values used by the electronic device while performing the techniques described above. For example, using the GUI, the user specifies thresholds, a number of regions, multipliers, target power consumptions, or a combination thereof. In other examples, the thresholds, the number of regions, the multipliers, the target power consumptions, or the combination thereof are determined at the time of manufacture.

[0084] The electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 utilizing the power conservation ratio reduces the power consumption of the display panel and maintains the picture quality and normal operations of the display panel regardless of a brightness, a range of colors, or a combination thereof, of an image displayed on the display panel. Determining the power conservation ratio conserves power by blocking the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 from uselessly performing brightness reduction calculations, contrast increasing calculations, or a combination thereof, for images that are dark, monotonal, or a combination thereof. Edge dimming enables the image to be still be read by a user by maintaining brightness at the center of the image, where the user’s gaze focuses. Edge dimming reduces a power consumption of the pixels in a region dimmed by the edge dimming. Dynamic contrasting enables the image to still be interpreted by the user by enhancing a perceived brightness of the image. To enhance the perceived brightness, dynamic contrast dims darker pixels of the image, thereby reducing power consumption of the pixels that are dimmed. The perceived brightness increases the readability of the image by the user. Utilizing edge dimming and dynamic contrasting together enables readability and reduced power consumption of the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 when images are dark as well as when images are monotonal.

[0085] While some components are shown as separate components of the electronic device 300, 500, 700, in other examples, the separate components are integrated in a single package. For example, the storage device 304 is integrated with the controller 302. The single package may herein be referred to as an integrated circuit (IC) or an integrated chip (IC).

[0086] The above description is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various examples of the present description. Numerous variations and modifications become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above description is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.

[0087] In the figures, certain features and components disclosed herein are shown in exaggerated scale or in somewhat schematic form, and some details of certain elements are not shown in the interest of clarity and conciseness. In some of the figures, in order to improve clarity and conciseness, a component or an aspect of a component are omitted.

[0088] In the above description and in the claims, the term “comprising” is used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to... .” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to be broad enough to encompass both direct and indirect connections. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection or through an indirect connection via other devices, components, and connections. Additionally, the word “or” is used in an inclusive manner. For example, “A or B” means any of the following: “A” alone, “B” alone, or both “A” and “B.”

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1 . An electronic device, comprising: an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel; and a controller to: determine a power conservation ratio, the power conservation ratio based on brightness and color values of pixels of an image to be displayed by the OLED display panel; and based on the power conservation ratio, determine if a first power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, a second power saving feature associated with the OLED display panel, or a combination thereof is to be enabled.

2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein to determine the power conservation ratio, the controller is to: determine a brightness ratio for a pixel of the pixels of the image by dividing a brightness of the pixel by a first upper limit of a brightness range of the display panel; determine a color ratio for the pixel by dividing a color value of the pixel by a second upper limit of a color scale range of the display panel; determine an image display ratio for the pixel by multiplying the brightness ratio and the color ratio; sum image display ratios for the pixels of the image; and divide the sum by a total number of the pixels of the image.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the controller is to determine an average contrast deviation by summing together absolute values of differences between the power conservation ratio and the image display ratios for the pixels and dividing the sum by the total number of the pixels.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the controller is to, based on the power conservation ratio being less than a first threshold and the average contrast deviation being less than a second threshold, disable the first power saving feature and the second power saving feature.

5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first power saving feature is edge dimming, and wherein the second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting.

6. A non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by a controller of an electronic device, cause the controller to: determine a power conservation ratio and an average contrast deviation for an image; in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than a first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than a second threshold, disable a first power saving feature of a display panel and disable a second power saving feature of the display panel; and in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold or the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, enable the first power saving feature of the display panel, enable the second power saving feature of the display panel, or a combination thereof.

7. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, enable the first power saving feature and the second power saving feature; in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, enable the first power saving feature; and in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, enable the second power saving feature.

8. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is equivalent to or greater than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is less than the second threshold, disable the second power saving feature; and in response to a determination that the power conservation ratio is less than the first threshold and the average contrast deviation is equivalent to or greater than the second threshold, disable the first power saving feature.

9. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: determine a peripheral region of the display panel and a central region of the display panel; and in response to enabling the first power saving feature, reduce brightness of pixels of the peripheral region and maintain a brightness of the pixels of the central region.

10. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: determine a second peripheral region of the display panel; and in response to enabling the first power saving feature, reduce brightness of pixels of a first peripheral region by a first multiplier of an upper limit of a brightness of the display panel and reduce brightness of pixels of the second peripheral region by a second multiplier of the upper limit of the brightness of the display panel.

11. A non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by a controller of an electronic device, cause the controller to: determine a power conservation ratio based on pixels of an image to be displayed by the electronic device; determine an average contrast deviation of the pixels of the image; compare the power conservation ratio to a first threshold and the average contrast deviation to a second threshold; and enable a first power saving feature, a second power saving feature, or a combination thereof based on the comparisons.

12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to adjust contrast of the image in response to enabling the second power saving feature.

13. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to determine an adjustment ratio by which to adjust the contrast of the image.

14. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to maintain a first brightness of a first pixel and decrease a second brightness of a second pixel to adjust the contrast of the image.

15. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the electronic device is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device, a minilight emitting diode (mini-LED) display device, or a micro-LED display device.