WO2023175735A1

WO2023175735A1 - Water vapor observation method

Info

Publication number: WO2023175735A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/011696
Authority: WO
Inventors: 道彦遊佐; 雅介神山; 敏之大石
Original assignee: 日本電気株式会社; Ｎｅｃプラットフォームズ株式会社
Priority date: 2022-03-15
Filing date: 2022-03-15
Publication date: 2023-09-21
Also published as: JP7127928B1; JPWO2023175735A1

Abstract

A water vapor observation device 100 according to the present invention comprises: an acquisition unit 131 that acquires, as a measured water vapor value, a water vapor value for each prescribed height position at each of two points; and a calculation unit 132 that calculates a water vapor value at a prescribed height position at a target point on the basis of the measured water vapor value, a first distance between the two points, and a second distance from at least one of the two points to the target point positioned between the two points.

Description

Water vapor observation method

The present invention relates to a water vapor observation method, a water vapor observation device, and a program.

Estimating the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is used as a method of meteorological observation. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, when receiving a GNSS signal transmitted from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite on the ground, by measuring the delay time of the GNSS signal due to water vapor in the atmosphere, Techniques for estimating the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere at a receiving point are known. As a result, it is possible to predict rainfall at each location, especially to predict torrential rain caused by the sudden occurrence of cumulonimbus clouds.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-198645

However, the installation locations for receiving devices that receive GNSS signals are limited, and there are some locations where the distance between them is 30 km. Then, the amount of water vapor at a point located between the receiving devices must be estimated from the value at the point where the receiving device is installed, but it is not possible to accurately estimate the amount of water vapor at a point where it is not actually measured. It is difficult. Furthermore, even at a location where a receiving device is installed, if the amount of water vapor is estimated only from the GNSS signal, further improvement in accuracy cannot be achieved. As a result, a problem arises in that it is difficult to accurately observe the amount of water vapor at every point.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water vapor observation method that can solve the above-mentioned problem that it is difficult to accurately observe the amount of water vapor at every point.

A water vapor observation method that is one form of the present invention is as follows:
Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
The structure is as follows.

Further, a water vapor observation device that is one form of the present invention is
an acquisition unit that acquires a water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as a measured water vapor value;
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; a calculation unit that calculates a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on;
Equipped with
The structure is as follows.

Further, a program that is one form of the present invention is
In the information processing device,
Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
execute the process,
The structure is as follows.

By being configured as described above, the present invention can more accurately observe the amount of water vapor at any point.

1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a water vapor observation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of water vapor correspondence information stored in the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how satellite images are processed by the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how water vapor value calculation processing is performed by the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how water vapor value calculation processing is performed by the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1; 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the water vapor observation device disclosed in FIG. 1. FIG. It is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the water vapor observation device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing the composition of the first example of the water vapor observation device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation|movement of the first example of the water vapor observation apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram showing the composition of the second example of the water vapor observation device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation|movement of the second example of the water vapor observation apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

<Embodiment 1>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. 1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the water vapor observation system, and FIGS. 4 to 7 are diagrams for explaining the processing operation of the water vapor observation device.

[composition]
The water vapor observation system in the present invention is a system for performing weather observation for weather prediction, and in particular, for observing water vapor values representing the amount of water vapor at each point in order to predict rainfall and localized heavy rain. belongs to.

As shown in FIG. 1, the water vapor observation system includes a water vapor observation device 10, and a weather information providing device 20 and a satellite image providing device 30, which are connected to the water vapor observation device 10 via a network. The configuration of each device will be described in detail below.

The weather information providing device 20 is connected to a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal receiving device 21 installed on the ground. The GNSS signal receiving device 21 receives a GNSS signal, which is a radio signal transmitted from a GNSS satellite 22 located above the earth, and provides the GNSS signal to the weather information providing device 20. Note that the GNSS signal receiving device 21 is installed at multiple locations on the ground, and may be, for example, about 30 km away from other GNSS signal receiving devices. However, the GNSS signal receiving device 21 is not necessarily limited to being fixedly installed on the ground, and may be configured as a mobile body such as being mounted on a vehicle.

The weather information providing device 20 is an information processing device equipped with a calculation device and a storage device, and by analyzing the acquired GNSS signals, the weather information providing device 20 detects water vapor in the air above the measurement point corresponding to the installation position of the GNSS signal receiving device 21. It has a function to measure the precipitable amount D. Specifically, the weather information providing device 20 measures the delay time due to water vapor in the atmosphere of the GNSS signal received from the GNSS satellite 22 located vertically at the measurement point where the GNSS receiving device 21 is installed. By doing so, the precipitable amount D, which is the total amount of water vapor contained in the vertical sky above the predetermined area of the measurement point, is measured. For example, in this embodiment, the precipitable amount D represents the total amount of water vapor from the ground of the measurement point to 12 km above the ground. The weather information providing device 20 has a function of providing the water vapor observation device 10 with the position information representing the position of each measurement point, the precipitable amount D at the measurement point, and the measurement time in association with each other.

Note that the function of measuring water vapor values by the weather information providing device 20 described above can be realized by the arithmetic unit of the weather information providing device 20 executing a program for realizing the function. However, the measurement of the water vapor value by the weather information providing device 20 may be performed by any device or may be performed by other methods.

The satellite image providing device 30 is connected to a satellite image receiving device 31 installed on the ground. The satellite image receiving device 31 receives a meteorological satellite image P (photographed image) taken and transmitted by a photographing device mounted on a meteorological satellite 32 located above the earth, and provides the satellite image P as a satellite image. The information is provided to the device 30. The satellite image providing device 30 has a function of providing the acquired satellite image P to the water vapor observation device 10. The satellite image P is an image taken of an area including each measurement point where the amount of water vapor mentioned above was measured. For example, when measuring the amount of water vapor at each measurement point in Japan, it is necessary to This will be an image of the area surrounding Japan, such as the ocean, islands, and continents, but when measuring the amount of water vapor at measurement points around the world, it will be an image of areas around the world. Further, there are a plurality of types of satellite images P, and the satellite image P is provided to the water vapor observation device 10 together with information representing the type. Examples of the types of satellite images P include visible images, infrared images, water vapor images, cloud top-enhanced images, color composite images, true color reproduction images, and the like.

Here, FIG. 4 shows an example of the above-mentioned satellite image P. As shown in the gray areas in Figure 4, the weather conditions that can be observed in each type of image, such as the presence or absence of clouds, cloud thickness, cloud height, cloud temperature, and water vapor content, are It will be highlighted and displayed. Note that since FIG. 4 is shown in gray scale, the weather conditions are shown in gray areas, but in reality, they are displayed in colors set for each type of satellite image P. Note that the satellite image P is not necessarily limited to the types described above.

Furthermore, when acquiring the satellite image P from the meteorological satellite 32, the satellite image providing device 30 also acquires satellite position information that specifies the position of the meteorological satellite 32 in the sky. Further, when acquiring satellite images P from a plurality of meteorological satellites 32, the satellite image providing device 30 also acquires satellite identification information that identifies the meteorological satellites 32. Then, the satellite image providing device 30 stores the satellite image P, the type of the image, the satellite position information and satellite identification information of the meteorological satellite 32 that took the satellite image, and the time information when the satellite image was taken. It is also provided to the water vapor observation device 10. Note that the function of acquiring and providing the satellite image P by the satellite image providing device 30 described above can be realized by the arithmetic unit of the satellite image providing device 30 executing a program for realizing the function. can. However, the acquisition and provision of satellite images by the satellite image providing device 30 may be performed by any device or may be performed by other methods.

The water vapor observation device 10 is composed of one or more information processing devices equipped with an arithmetic device and a storage device. The water vapor observation device 10 includes an acquisition section 11, an extraction section 12, and a calculation section 13, as shown in FIG. The functions of the acquisition unit 11, the extraction unit 12, and the calculation unit 13 can be realized by the arithmetic unit executing a program stored in the storage device for realizing each function. The water vapor observation device 10 also includes a water vapor value storage section 16, a satellite image storage section 17, and a water vapor correspondence information storage section 18. The water vapor value storage unit 16, the satellite image storage unit 17, and the water vapor corresponding information storage unit 18 are configured by storage devices. Each configuration will be explained in detail below.

The water vapor correspondence information storage unit 18 stores water vapor correspondence information generated in advance. The water vapor correspondence information is information based on the water vapor value measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, and is associated with the image feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from above. It is information. Specifically, water vapor correspondence information will be explained with reference to FIG. 3.

First, it is assumed that the amount of water vapor at each height position at a specific measurement point has been observed in advance. For example, it is assumed that water vapor values are measured at a height of 1 km from the ground at a specific measurement point to a height of 12 km above the ground using a radiosonde or a lidar sensor. In addition, it is assumed that a satellite image of a specific measurement point is taken at the time of measuring the water vapor value. Then, water vapor correspondence information is generated by extracting the image feature amount at a specific measurement point in the satellite image and associating the image feature amount with the water vapor value for each height position at the specific measurement point. . As a result, the water vapor value for each height position is set corresponding to each image feature amount.

Here, in the example of FIG. 3, brightness values and RGB values are set as image feature amounts, and as an example, brightness value distribution and RGB value distribution of the image area corresponding to the measurement point are set. However, any feature amount may be set as the image feature amount. Each image feature is associated with a water vapor value for each height position of 1 km from the ground to a height of 12 km above the ground. At this time, the water vapor value is represented by the degree of shading of a predetermined color as shown in FIG. 3, but it may also be represented by a numerical value. As an example, the water vapor value associated with a certain image feature amount may be set as "1 km: 1.1 g, 2 km: 1.4 g, . . .". Furthermore, the water vapor value is not limited to the amount of water vapor itself being set; for example, a ratio for each height position to the precipitable amount in the entire sky corresponding to the image feature amount may be set. As an example, the water vapor value associated with a certain image feature amount may be set as "1 km: 10%, 2 km: 20%, . . . ".

Note that the water vapor correspondence information may be generated for each type of captured image. In other words, since the characteristics of image features differ depending on the type of satellite image P that is a photographed image, water vapor correspondence information as shown in FIG. 3 is generated for each type of satellite image P, and the water vapor correspondence information is stored. It may be stored in the section 18. Moreover, time information based on the time when the satellite image P which is a photographed image was photographed may be associated with the water vapor correspondence information. In other words, since the image feature amount and water vapor value of the satellite image P can change depending on the time of day, month, day, season, etc., water vapor corresponding information as shown in Figure 3 is generated for each time information, and the water vapor value is It may be stored in the correspondence information storage section 18.

The acquisition unit 11 acquires the precipitable amount D at each measurement point provided by the weather information providing device 20 described above, and stores it in the water vapor value storage unit 16. At this time, the acquisition unit 11 associates and stores the position information specifying each measurement point, the precipitable amount D of the measurement point, and time information such as date and time. Further, the acquisition unit 11 acquires a satellite image P provided from the satellite image providing device 30 described above and stores it in the satellite image storage unit 17. At this time, the acquisition unit 11 associates and stores the satellite image P, the type of the image, the satellite position information and satellite identification information of the meteorological satellite 32 that photographed the satellite image, and time information such as the date and time of photographing. do.

The extraction unit 12 reads the satellite image P from the satellite image storage unit 17, and first performs a process of identifying the position of each measurement point where the precipitable amount D was measured on the satellite image P. For example, the extraction unit 12 extracts the meteorological satellite 32 that captured the satellite image P based on the satellite position information associated with the satellite image P and the GNSS reception position information indicating the position of the GNSS receiving device 21 described above. The angle with respect to the GNSS receiving device 21 is calculated. It is assumed that the GNSS reception position information of the GNSS reception device 21 is stored in the water vapor observation device 10 in advance. Then, the extraction unit 12 identifies the position of each measurement point on the satellite image P based on the satellite position information, the GNSS position information, and the calculated angle between the meteorological satellite 32 and the GNSS receiving device 21. For example, the extraction unit 12 identifies each measurement point from the satellite image P, as shown by the ● marks in FIG.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the extraction unit 12 extracts the image feature amount Q at each measurement point on the satellite image P from the satellite image P. Specifically, the extraction unit 12 extracts, depending on the type of the satellite image P, image feature amounts representing the state of clouds and water vapor that can be extracted from the characteristics of the image. In particular, the extraction unit 12 extracts the same type of image feature amount in accordance with the image feature amount set in the water vapor correspondence information described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, the brightness value and RGB value in the image area where the measurement point in the photographed image P is located are extracted as the image feature amount of the measurement point. Note that the extraction unit 12 associates time information based on the time when the original satellite image P was taken and the type of the satellite image P with the extracted image feature amount.

The calculation unit 13 uses the water vapor correspondence information to calculate the water vapor value for each height position at each measurement point based on the precipitable amount D at each measurement point and the image feature amount of the measurement point. Specifically, the calculation unit 13 first identifies the image feature amount corresponding to the image feature amount Q of the measurement point extracted from the photographed image P from the water vapor correspondence information as shown in FIG. Obtain the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information associated with the . Then, the calculation unit 13 calculates a water vapor value for each height position from the precipitable amount D at the measurement point, based on the water vapor value for each height position included in the acquired water vapor information. For example, the calculation unit 13 divides the precipitable amount D at the measurement point for each height position, and divides the precipitable amount D at each height position to correspond to the ratio of water vapor values for each height position included in the acquired water vapor information. Calculate the water vapor value.

Here, the calculation of the water vapor value by the calculation unit 13 will be further explained with reference to FIG. 5. First, at each measurement point, as shown in FIG. 5, the precipitable amount D and the image feature amount Q are acquired. Then, from the image feature amount Q, using water vapor correspondence information as shown in FIG. 3, the water vapor value for each height position corresponding to the image feature amount can be found. Therefore, by dividing the precipitable amount D, which is the total amount of water vapor in the sky at the measurement point, according to the ratio of the water vapor value for each height position corresponding to the image feature amount Q, It is possible to calculate the water vapor value for each height position shown in .

At this time, if time information is associated with the precipitable amount D or the image feature amount, and water vapor correspondence information associated with the time information corresponding to the time information is stored, the calculation unit 13 calculates the The water vapor value for each height position is calculated in the same manner as described above using the water vapor correspondence information. Thereby, the water vapor value can be calculated with higher accuracy by using the water vapor correspondence information according to the time zone, month, day, season, etc. in which the satellite image P was taken. In addition, when the type of satellite image P is associated with the image feature amount and water vapor correspondence information associated with the type corresponding to the type of satellite image P is stored, the calculation unit 13 calculates Using the correspondence information, the water vapor value for each height position is calculated in the same manner as described above.

Furthermore, as described above, the calculation unit 13 calculates the water vapor value for each height position at other points other than the measurement points where the GNSS receiving device 21 is not installed, as described below. Here, as shown by the ● mark in Fig. 6, the water vapor value is calculated for each height position of the two measurement points A and B using the method described above, and the point C between them is the target for calculating the water vapor value. It is assumed to be a point. At this time, the distance Dab (first distance) between the two measurement points A and B, and the distance Dac or Dbc (second distance) from at least one of the two measurement points A and B to the target point C. You need to know. As an example, assume that the distance Dab between measurement points A and B is 1000 m, the distance Dac between measurement points A and C is 600 m, and the distance Dbc between measurement points B and C is 400 m.

Then, in calculating the water vapor value C12 at a height position of 12 km above the ground at point C, the calculation unit 13 calculates the water vapor value A12 at the same height position such as 12 km above the ground at measurement points A and B, B12 is used. At this time, for example, assume that the water vapor values A12 and B12 at measurement points A and B at a height of 12 km from the ground are 10 g and 15 g, respectively. In this case, the difference between the water vapor values A12 and B12 is 5 g, and this 5 g is assigned to point C in accordance with the ratio of the distance Dab from measurement point A to measurement point B and the distance Dac to point C. Then, 5 g will be allocated to point C at a ratio of 600/1000, and by adding the allocated amount of 3 g to 10 g, which is the water vapor value A12 at measurement point A, the water vapor at a height of 12 km from the ground at point C will be The value C12 can be calculated as 13g.

As described above, the calculation unit 13 can calculate the water vapor value for each height position of the point C indicated by the circle in FIG. Note that the water vapor values at the two known points A and B used at this time may be calculated as described above, for example, measured using a radiosonde or lidar sensor, and acquired by the acquisition unit 11. It may be something that has been done.

Note that the calculation unit 13 stores the water vapor value for each height position of each point calculated as described above in the water vapor value storage unit 16. Then, the calculation unit 13 outputs the water vapor value stored in the water vapor value storage unit 16 together with position information representing the measurement point, as necessary, such as when used for weather prediction.

[motion]
Next, the operation of the water vapor observation device 10 described above will be explained mainly with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7. First, the water vapor observation device 10 stores water vapor correspondence information generated in advance (step S1). As shown in FIG. 3, the water vapor correspondence information is information based on the image feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image P taken from above in advance, and the water vapor value measured in advance for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point. This is information associated with certain water vapor information.

Thereafter, the water vapor observation device 10 acquires the precipitable amount D at each measurement point from the weather information providing device 20. The water vapor observation device 10 also acquires a satellite image P from the satellite image providing device 30 (step S2).

Next, the water vapor observation device 10 performs a process of identifying the position of each measurement point where the precipitable amount D was measured on each satellite image P (step S3). Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the water vapor observation device 10 extracts an image feature Q at each measurement point on the satellite image P from the satellite image P (step S4).

Next, the water vapor observation device 10 uses the stored water vapor correspondence information to determine the height at each measurement point based on the precipitable amount D at each measurement point and the image feature Q at the measurement point. A water vapor value for each position is calculated (step S5). Specifically, the water vapor observation device 10 identifies an image feature amount corresponding to the image feature amount Q of the measurement point from the water vapor correspondence information as shown in FIG. Get the water vapor information in the correspondence information. Then, the water vapor observation device 10 calculates the water vapor value for each height position from the precipitable amount D at the measurement point, based on the water vapor value for each height position included in the acquired water vapor information. For example, the water vapor observation device 10 divides the precipitable amount D at the measurement point for each height position according to the proportion of the water vapor value for each height position included in the acquired water vapor information, and divides the precipitable amount D at each height position. Calculate the water vapor value. In this way, the water vapor observation device 10 calculates the water vapor value for each height position at each measurement point, as shown by the ● mark in FIG.

The water vapor observation device 10 also calculates water vapor values for each height position for other points other than measurement points where the GNSS receiving device 21 is not installed (step S6). At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the water vapor observation device 10 calculates the water vapor value for each height position of the two known measurement points A and B, and the distance relationship between the measurement points A and B and the target point C between them. The water vapor value for each height position of the target point C is calculated using .

As described above, according to the present invention, by using water vapor correspondence information created in advance, without using methods such as radiosondes and lidar sensors that are costly, time-consuming, and limit measurement points, Based on GNSS signals and satellite images, water vapor values at each height position at a predetermined point can be measured. As a result, the amount of water vapor can be observed with higher accuracy at any location. By making weather predictions using the observed amount of water vapor, rainfall and localized heavy rain can be predicted with high accuracy.

<Embodiment 2>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12. 8 to 9 are block diagrams showing the configuration of a first example of the water vapor observation device in the second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first example of the water vapor observation method. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a second example of the water vapor observation device in Embodiment 2, and FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the second example of the water vapor observation method. In addition, in this embodiment, the outline of the structure of the water vapor observation apparatus and the water vapor observation method explained in the embodiment mentioned above is shown.

First, with reference to FIG. 8, the hardware configuration of the water vapor observation device 100 in this embodiment will be described. The water vapor observation device 100 is constituted by a general information processing device, and is equipped with the following hardware configuration as an example.
・CPU (Central Processing Unit) 101 (arithmetic unit)
・ROM (Read Only Memory) 102 (storage device)
・RAM (Random Access Memory) 103 (storage device)
- Program group 104 loaded into RAM 103
- Storage device 105 that stores the program group 104
- A drive device 106 that reads and writes from and to a storage medium 110 external to the information processing device
-Communication interface 107 that connects to the communication network 111 outside the information processing device
・I/O interface 108 that inputs and outputs data
・Bus 109 connecting each component

In the first example of the water vapor observation device 100, the CPU 101 acquires the program group 104 and executes it, so that the storage section 121, the acquisition section 122, the extraction section 123, and the calculation section 124 shown in FIG. can be built and equipped. Note that the program group 104 is stored in advance in the storage device 105 or ROM 102, for example, and is loaded into the RAM 103 and executed by the CPU 101 as needed. Further, the program group 104 may be supplied to the CPU 101 via the communication network 111, or may be stored in the storage medium 110 in advance, and the drive device 106 may read the program and supply it to the CPU 101. However, the storage section 121, the acquisition section 122, the extraction section 123, and the calculation section 124 described above may be constructed of dedicated electronic circuits for realizing such means.

Note that FIG. 8 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the information processing device that is the water vapor observation device 100, and the hardware configuration of the information processing device is not limited to the above-mentioned case. For example, the information processing device may be configured from part of the configuration described above, such as not having the drive device 106.

The first example of the water vapor observation device 100 uses the functions of the storage section 121, the acquisition section 122, the extraction section 123, and the calculation section 124 constructed by the program as described above to generate water vapor as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Execute the observation method.

As shown in FIG. 7, the water vapor observation device 100 includes:
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. memorize (step S101),
Obtaining a new water vapor value at a predetermined point measured based on the received signal from the satellite (step S102),
Extracting new features of a predetermined point from a new image taken from above (step S103);
calculating a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information (step S104);
Execute the process.

In addition, as a second example, the water vapor observation device 100 can be equipped with an acquisition unit 131 and a calculation unit 132 shown in FIG. 11 by acquiring the program group 104 and executing it by the CPU 101. I can do it. Note that the program group 104 is stored in advance in the storage device 105 or ROM 102, for example, and is loaded into the RAM 103 and executed by the CPU 101 as needed. Further, the program group 104 may be supplied to the CPU 101 via the communication network 111, or may be stored in the storage medium 110 in advance, and the drive device 106 may read the program and supply it to the CPU 101. However, the acquisition unit 131 and the calculation unit 132 described above may be constructed of a dedicated electronic circuit for realizing such means.

The second example of the water vapor observation device 100 executes the water vapor observation method shown in the flowchart of FIG. 12 by the functions of the acquisition unit 131 and calculation unit 132 constructed by the program as described above.

As shown in FIG. 12, the water vapor observation device 100 includes:
Acquire the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value (step S111),
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculate the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on (step S112);
Execute the process.

With the above configuration, the present invention measures water vapor values at each height position at a predetermined point based on GNSS signals and satellite images by using water vapor correspondence information prepared in advance. I can do it. Moreover, even at a point where a GNSS signal is not acquired, water vapor values can be measured at each height position. As a result, the amount of water vapor can be observed with higher accuracy at any location.

Note that the above-mentioned programs can be stored and supplied to a computer using various types of non-transitory computer readable media. Non-transitory computer-readable media include various types of tangible storage media. Examples of non-transitory computer-readable media include magnetic recording media (e.g., flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), magneto-optical recording media (e.g., magneto-optical disks), CD-ROMs (Read Only Memory), CD-Rs, CD-R/W, semiconductor memory (eg, mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory)). The program may also be supplied to the computer via various types of transitory computer readable media. Examples of transitory computer-readable media include electrical signals, optical signals, and electromagnetic waves. The temporary computer-readable medium can provide the program to the computer via wired communication channels, such as electrical wires and fiber optics, or wireless communication channels.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The configuration and details of the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Further, at least one or more of the functions provided in the water vapor observation device 100 described above may be executed by an information processing device installed and connected to any location on the network, that is, executed by so-called cloud computing. may be done.

<Additional notes>
Part or all of the above embodiments may also be described as in the following additional notes. Hereinafter, the outline of the structure of the water vapor observation method, water vapor observation device, and program according to the present invention will be explained. However, the present invention is not limited to the following configuration.
(Additional note 1)
Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
Water vapor observation method.
(Additional note 2)
The water vapor observation method described in Supplementary Note 1,
calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on a ratio of the first distance and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
(Additional note 3)
The water vapor observation method according to Supplementary note 1 or 2,
Calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position at the target point based on the water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
(Additional note 4)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix 3,
Calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position at the target point based on the difference in water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 5)
The water vapor observation method according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 4,
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. remember,
obtaining new water vapor values at the two points measured based on signals received from the satellite;
Extract new features of the two points from a new image taken from above,
Based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information, calculate a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at each of the two points, and obtain it as the measured water vapor value.
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 6)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix 5,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the feature amount of a predetermined point is associated with the water vapor information for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at the predetermined point,
Calculating the water vapor value for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 7)
The water vapor observation method according to appendix 5 or 6,
obtaining all water vapor values within a predetermined range in the vertical direction at each of the two points as the new water vapor value;
Calculating a water vapor value for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value at each of the two points,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 8)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix 7,
Based on the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at each of the two points, the new water vapor value at each of the two points is divided to a predetermined height in the vertical direction. Calculate the water vapor value for each location,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 9)
The water vapor observation method according to appendix 7 or 8,
The new water vapor at each of the two points corresponds to the ratio of the water vapor value for each predetermined height position according to the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at each of the two points. Calculating the water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points from the value,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 10)
The water vapor observation method according to any one of Supplementary Notes 5 to 9,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the water vapor information is associated with time information based on the feature amount of a predetermined point and the time of photography of the captured image from which the feature amount is extracted;
A water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, information based on the shooting time of the new captured image, and the water vapor correspondence information. calculate,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix 11)
an acquisition unit that acquires a water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as a measured water vapor value;
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; a calculation unit that calculates a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on;
A water vapor observation device equipped with
(Appendix 12)
The water vapor observation device according to appendix 11,
The calculation unit calculates a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on a ratio between the first distance and the second distance.
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix 13)
The water vapor observation device according to appendix 11 or 12,
The calculation unit calculates the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on the water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance. calculate,
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix 14)
The water vapor observation device according to appendix 13,
The calculation unit calculates water vapor at a predetermined height position of the target point based on the difference in water vapor values at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance. calculate the value,
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix 15)
The water vapor observation device according to any one of Supplementary Notes 11 to 14,
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. Equipped with a storage unit for storing information,
The acquisition unit acquires new water vapor values at the two points measured based on signals received from the satellite, and calculates new water vapor values at the two points from a new image taken from above. Extract the feature amount, calculate the water vapor value for each predetermined height position at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information, and calculate the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points. Get it as a value,
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix 16)
In the information processing device,
Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
A computer-readable storage medium that stores a program for executing processing.
(Appendix A1)
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. remember,
Obtain a new water vapor value at a predetermined point measured based on the signal received from the satellite,
Extract new features of a predetermined point from a new image taken from above,
calculating a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information;
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A2)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix A1,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the feature amount of a predetermined point is associated with the water vapor information for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at the predetermined point,
Calculate the water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at a predetermined point.
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A3)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix A1 or A2,
obtaining all water vapor values within a predetermined range in the vertical direction at a predetermined point as the new water vapor value;
Calculating the water vapor value for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at the predetermined point based on the new water vapor value at the predetermined point;
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A4)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix A3,
Based on the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at a predetermined point, the new water vapor value at a predetermined point is divided to calculate water vapor at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction. calculate the value,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A5)
The water vapor observation method described in Appendix A3 or A4,
A predetermined value is calculated from the new water vapor value at a predetermined point in accordance with the ratio of the water vapor value for each predetermined height position according to the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at the predetermined point. Calculate the water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at a point,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A6)
The water vapor observation method according to any one of appendices A1 to A5,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the water vapor information is associated with time information based on the feature amount of a predetermined point and the time of photography of the captured image from which the feature amount is extracted;
Calculate a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, information based on the time at which the newly captured image was taken, and the water vapor correspondence information. do,
Water vapor observation method.
(Appendix A7)
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. A memory unit that stores information,
an acquisition unit that acquires a new water vapor value at a predetermined point measured based on a received signal from a satellite;
an extraction unit that extracts a new feature amount of a predetermined point from a new image taken from above;
a calculation unit that calculates a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information;
A water vapor observation device equipped with
(Appendix A8)
The water vapor observation device described in Appendix A7,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the feature amount of a predetermined point is associated with the water vapor information for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at the predetermined point,
The calculation unit calculates a water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at a predetermined point.
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix A9)
The water vapor observation device according to appendix A7 or A8,
The acquisition unit acquires all water vapor values within a predetermined range in the vertical direction at a predetermined point as the new water vapor value,
The calculation unit calculates a water vapor value at each predetermined height position in a vertical direction at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value at the predetermined point.
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix A10)
The water vapor observation device described in Appendix A9,
The calculation unit divides the new water vapor value at a predetermined point based on the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at the predetermined point, and calculates a predetermined vertical height by dividing the new water vapor value at the predetermined point. Calculate the water vapor value for each position,
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix A11)
The water vapor observation device according to appendix A9 or A10,
The calculation unit calculates the new feature amount at the predetermined point in correspondence with a ratio of water vapor values for each predetermined height position according to the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at the predetermined point. Calculating the water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at a predetermined point from the water vapor value,
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix A12)
The water vapor observation device according to any one of appendices A7 to A11,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the water vapor information is associated with time information based on the feature amount of a predetermined point and the time of photography of the captured image from which the feature amount is extracted;
The calculation unit is configured to calculate a value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, information based on the shooting time at which the newly captured image was taken, and the water vapor correspondence information. Calculate the water vapor value of
Water vapor observation device.
(Appendix A13)
In the information processing device,
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. remember,
Obtain a new water vapor value at a predetermined point measured based on the signal received from the satellite,
Extract new features of a predetermined point from a new image taken from above,
calculating a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at a predetermined point based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information;
A computer-readable storage medium that stores a program for executing processing.

10 Water vapor observation device 11 Acquisition unit 12 Extraction unit 13 Calculation unit 16 Water vapor value storage unit 17 Satellite image storage unit 18 Water vapor corresponding information storage unit 20 Weather information providing device 21 GNSS signal receiving device 22 GNSS satellite 30 Satellite image providing device 31 Satellite image Receiving device 32 Meteorological satellite 100 Water vapor observation device 101 CPU
102 ROM
103 RAM
104 Program group 105 Storage device 106 Drive device 107 Communication interface 108 Input/output interface 109 Bus 110 Storage medium 111 Communication network 121 Storage unit 122 Acquisition unit 123 Extraction unit 124 Calculation unit 131 Acquisition unit 132 Calculation unit

Claims

Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 1,
calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on a ratio of the first distance and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 1 or 2,
Calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position at the target point based on the water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 3,
Calculating a water vapor value at a predetermined height position at the target point based on the difference in water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance;
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. remember,
obtaining new water vapor values at the two points measured based on signals received from the satellite;
Extract new features of the two points from a new image taken from above,
Based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information, calculate a water vapor value for each predetermined height position at each of the two points, and obtain it as the measured water vapor value.
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 5,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the feature amount of a predetermined point is associated with the water vapor information for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at the predetermined point,
Calculating the water vapor value for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points,
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 5 or 6,
obtaining all water vapor values within a predetermined range in the vertical direction at each of the two points as the new water vapor value;
Calculating a water vapor value for each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value at each of the two points,
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 7,
Based on the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at each of the two points, the new water vapor value at each of the two points is divided to a predetermined height in the vertical direction. Calculate the water vapor value for each location,
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to claim 7 or 8,
The new water vapor at each of the two points corresponds to the ratio of the water vapor value for each predetermined height position according to the water vapor information in the water vapor correspondence information corresponding to the new feature amount at each of the two points. Calculating the water vapor value at each predetermined height position in the vertical direction at each of the two points from the value,
Water vapor observation method.
The water vapor observation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9,
The water vapor correspondence information is such that the water vapor information is associated with time information based on the feature amount of a predetermined point and the time of photography of the captured image from which the feature amount is extracted;
A water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, information based on the shooting time of the new captured image, and the water vapor correspondence information. calculate,
Water vapor observation method.
an acquisition unit that acquires a water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as a measured water vapor value;
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; a calculation unit that calculates a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on;
A water vapor observation device equipped with
The water vapor observation device according to claim 11,
The calculation unit calculates a water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on a ratio between the first distance and the second distance.
Water vapor observation device.
The water vapor observation device according to claim 11 or 12,
The calculation unit calculates the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on the water vapor value at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance. calculate,
Water vapor observation device.
The water vapor observation device according to claim 13,
The calculation unit calculates water vapor at a predetermined height position of the target point based on the difference in water vapor values at the same height position at each of the two points, the first distance, and the second distance. calculate the value,
Water vapor observation device.
The water vapor observation device according to any one of claims 11 to 14,
Water vapor correspondence information in which water vapor information, which is information based on water vapor values measured in advance at each predetermined height position at a predetermined point, is associated with the feature amount of a predetermined point in a photographed image taken from the sky in advance. Equipped with a storage unit for storing information,
The acquisition unit acquires new water vapor values at the two points measured based on signals received from the satellite, and calculates new water vapor values at the two points from a new image taken from above. Extract the feature amount, calculate the water vapor value for each predetermined height position at each of the two points based on the new water vapor value, the new feature amount, and the water vapor correspondence information, and calculate the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points. Get it as a value,
Water vapor observation device.
In the information processing device,
Obtain the water vapor value at each predetermined height position at each of the two points as the measured water vapor value,
the measured water vapor value, a first distance that is the distance between the two points, and a second distance that is the distance from at least one of the two points to a target point located between the two points; Calculating the water vapor value at a predetermined height position of the target point based on
A computer-readable storage medium that stores a program for executing processing.