WO2023174762A1 - High-voltage battery having at least one battery module - Google Patents

High-voltage battery having at least one battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023174762A1
WO2023174762A1 PCT/EP2023/055808 EP2023055808W WO2023174762A1 WO 2023174762 A1 WO2023174762 A1 WO 2023174762A1 EP 2023055808 W EP2023055808 W EP 2023055808W WO 2023174762 A1 WO2023174762 A1 WO 2023174762A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
cooling circuit
designed
valve
lines
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/055808
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabian Reuter
Christian Mierke
Frieder Franz
Christian Brommer
Original Assignee
Mercedes-Benz Group AG
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Application filed by Mercedes-Benz Group AG filed Critical Mercedes-Benz Group AG
Publication of WO2023174762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023174762A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an HV battery with at least one battery module according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a vehicle with such an HV battery.
  • HV batteries So-called high-voltage batteries or HV batteries are known from the prior art.
  • the term high voltage refers to batteries with a direct voltage of more than 60 V.
  • Such HV batteries are typically used to store electrical power for high-performance applications.
  • a preferred purpose is to use such HV batteries to store electrical power for an electrically driven vehicle, for example a battery-electric vehicle or an electric vehicle with a power generator such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, with the HV battery then being used to temporarily store electrical power serves.
  • a battery is often referred to as a traction battery.
  • HV batteries typically require a lot of cooling because waste heat is generated when charging and discharging the HV battery. It is very often the case that the battery is made up of several battery modules, which are arranged together in a housing. Inside the housing, the cooling medium is routed via internal lines for heat exchange with the electrochemical components of the battery. Outside the HV battery, the cooling medium is then continued via an external cooling circuit, in the example presented above the cooling circuit of a vehicle, in order to release the waste heat, for example, into the environment of the vehicle or, if necessary, to use it to air-condition the vehicle interior. In addition to vehicle applications, stationary use of such batteries is also conceivable. Here too, cooling would be necessary via an external cooling circuit, which leads the cooling medium via the internal lines to cool the battery modules of the HV battery.
  • the battery For maintenance work on the battery or in the event of remanufacturing, the battery must first be dismantled from the external cooling circuit, which is typically emptied for this purpose. However, for corrosion protection reasons, the HV battery may be stored and/or transported for a maximum of three days without a filled cooling system. Otherwise, components within the HV battery may corrode. If the HV battery is then reinserted into an external cooling system, the entire external cooling system is contaminated by the corrosion products, which typically leads to very high consequential damage. If the HV battery absolutely needs to be stored or transported for more than three days, it is in principle also possible to completely dry the lines of the HV battery's internal cooling system, although this is time-consuming and costly. In addition, it must then be ensured that the entire internal volume of the pipes is completely dry, which is difficult to ensure.
  • the DE 10 2015 212 334 A1 shows a device and a method for cooling at least one battery cell. It is the case that a cooling circuit arranged externally on the battery housing is connected via interfaces to a part of the cooling circuit arranged internally of the battery housing. In the area of the interfaces, check valves or valve devices can be arranged, which can be controlled if necessary in such a way that a flow occurs in the desired manner.
  • DE 10 2020 004 355 A1 shows an accumulator arrangement with a heat transfer body, various valve devices being arranged here, including in the venting channel, over which gas occurs in the event of a thermal runaway of the individual battery cells can be blown off.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved HV battery which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • HV battery with the features in claim 1, and here in particular in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Advantageous refinements and further developments of the HV battery according to the invention result from the dependent claims.
  • a vehicle according to claim 5 with such an HV battery also solves the problem.
  • the HV battery according to the invention comprises at least one battery module and, as explained above and as is also common in the prior art, internal lines for a liquid cooling medium provided by an external cooling circuit.
  • a valve device is provided in the area of at least one of the interfaces between the lines and the external cooling circuit.
  • the valve devices which are arranged in the interface area and which are preferably part of the HV battery or its housing, now make it possible to keep the cooling medium in the HV battery even when the external cooling circuit is empty, for example a vehicle cooling circuit. This allows the HV battery to be dismantled and/or transported together with the cooling medium it contains.
  • At least one of the valve devices is designed as a spring-loaded check valve.
  • a spring-loaded check valve which is designed in such a way that it is opened by the pressure difference when the cooling medium flows out of the external cooling circuit or into it, would then be closed without this pressure difference, i.e. without a flow.
  • This can be achieved, for example, with two such valves at both the input interface and the output interface using different spring forces so that they open reliably when the cooling medium flows through and close without the flow.
  • This structure is extremely simple and efficient, as it is virtually maintenance-free and automatically reliably closes the internal lines for the cooling medium in the HV battery when the external cooling circuit is not flowing through the cooling medium.
  • a single valve device is enough to keep the liquid cooling medium in the HV battery, depending on the design of the lines and the positioning of the interfaces on a battery housing.
  • one valve device is provided in the area of all interfaces, typically in the area of two interfaces, which is the usual number of interfaces.
  • the valve devices can therefore be arranged in the area of the supply of the liquid cooling medium from the external cooling circuit and in the area of the removal of the same into the external cooling circuit. This makes it possible to safely and reliably shut off and seal the internal lines for the cooling circuit.
  • the cooling medium can thus be safely enclosed in the HV battery.
  • valve devices used as a manually operated valve device.
  • a manually operable valve device could, for example, be a type of rotary valve in the area of the interface, which can be adjusted from a flow position to a blocked position using an appropriate tool such as a screwdriver, a hexagonal wrench or the like.
  • the corresponding valve devices would then simply have to be closed manually and opened again manually after reconnection to the external cooling circuit in order to reduce the effort in terms of handling the dismantled HV battery and the risk of To avoid corrosion.
  • the valve device or devices can be designed to be integrated into a housing of the HV battery, so that no components protruding beyond the housing of the HV battery in the area of the interfaces are necessary, which poses the risk of Damage when transporting a dismantled HV battery, for example for the purpose of remanufacturing, is reduced and thus safety and manageability are increased.
  • the HV battery can preferably be used in a vehicle, which is why a vehicle with the features in claim 8 also solves the above-mentioned task.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary vehicle with an HV battery
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an HV battery in an embodiment according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a possible embodiment of a valve device for the HV battery according to the invention.
  • HV battery 2 An HV battery 2 according to the invention will be explained below using the example of a traction battery for a vehicle 1 shown in FIG.
  • the HV battery 2 is indicated in the rear area of the vehicle 1.
  • the inventive design of this HV battery 2 is not limited to use in a vehicle 1.
  • an indirect cooling circuit with a connection to an air conditioning system in the vehicle or the like would also be conceivable.
  • This vehicle cooling circuit 3 is therefore also referred to below as external cooling circuit 3.
  • the HV battery 2 is shown again individually.
  • a supply line from the external cooling circuit 3, designated 6, and below it a discharge line 7 into the external cooling circuit 3 is shown.
  • a liquid cooling medium is provided by the external cooling circuit 3 via the supply line 6 and enters the HV battery 2 in the area of an interface 8.
  • the cooling medium then flows through lines 9 indicated by dashed lines for the cooling medium within the HV battery 2 or its 10 designated housing and is used to cool the individual battery cells of at least one battery module, not shown here.
  • the cooling medium loaded with the waste heat from the battery modules then flows back into the external cooling circuit 3 via an output interface designated 11 and the discharge line 7 and is cooled here, for example via the heat exchanger 4 in the illustration in FIG.
  • valve devices 12, 13 In order to enclose the cooling medium in the lines 9 in the event that the HV battery 2 has to be removed from the vehicle 1 in order to prevent corrosion within these lines 9, there are valve devices 12, 13 in the area of the two interfaces 8, 11 indicated schematically in the representation of Figure 2.
  • One of these valve devices 12, 13 could now be closed manually, for example, in order to enclose the cooling medium inside the HV battery 2, i.e. in the lines 9.
  • the external cooling circuit 3 can then be emptied and the HV battery 2 from vehicle 1 can be removed. It can then be stored and/or transported with the cooling medium enclosed in it for any length of time without the risk of corrosion or the need for complex measures such as reliable drying of the lines 9 in the HV battery 2.
  • the interfaces 8, 11 and in particular the valve devices 12, 13 are designed to be completely integrated into the housing 10 of the HV battery 2. This significantly reduces the risk of damage to the valve devices 12, 13 when handling the HV battery 2, which is a further safety advantage.
  • valve device 12, 13 is designed as an automatically acting valve device 12, 13.
  • a valve device 12, 13, which acts automatically is shown in principle in the illustration in FIG.
  • the cooling medium flows from the left to the valve device 12, 13, as shown it is indicated by the arrow.
  • a valve body 15 is then lifted from the valve seat 16 by the pressure of the incoming cooling medium, so that in principle the function of a check valve is present here.
  • This is additionally loaded with a spring 14 in order to close automatically from a certain pressure defined by the spring force of the spring 14. This can ensure that when the cooling medium from the external cooling circuit 3 flows through the lines 9, the valve devices 12, 13 open, so that the cooling medium can flow through.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage battery (2) having at least one battery module and having inner lines (9) for a liquid cooling medium provided by an external cooling circuit (3). The high-voltage battery according to the invention is characterized in that a valve device (12, 13) is provided in the region of at least one of the interfaces (8, 11) of the lines (9) with the external cooling circuit (3), the valve device (12, 13) being designed as a spring-loaded non-return valve.

Description

HV-Batterie mit wenigstens einem Batteriemodul HV battery with at least one battery module
Die Erfindung betrifft eine HV-Batterie mit wenigstens einem Batteriemodul nach der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Art. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Fahrzeug mit einer solchen HV-Batterie. The invention relates to an HV battery with at least one battery module according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a vehicle with such an HV battery.
Sogenannte Hochvoltbatterien bzw. HV-Batterien sind soweit aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Der Begriff Hochvolt bezieht sich entsprechend der ECE-R100 auf Batterien mit einer Gleichspannung von mehr als 60 V. Typischerweise werden derartige HV-Batterien zur Speicherung von elektrischer Leistung für leistungsstarke Anwendungen eingesetzt. Ein bevorzugter Einsatzzweck liegt darin, über derartige HV- Batterien elektrische Leistung für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug zu speichern, beispielsweise ein batterieelektrisches Fahrzeug oder ein elektrisches Fahrzeug mit einem Leistungserzeuger wie einen Verbrennungsmotor oder einer Brennstoffzelle, wobei die HV-Batterie dann zur Zwischenspeicherung von elektrischer Leistung dient. Eine solche Batterie wird häufig auch als Traktionsbatterie bezeichnet. So-called high-voltage batteries or HV batteries are known from the prior art. According to ECE-R100, the term high voltage refers to batteries with a direct voltage of more than 60 V. Such HV batteries are typically used to store electrical power for high-performance applications. A preferred purpose is to use such HV batteries to store electrical power for an electrically driven vehicle, for example a battery-electric vehicle or an electric vehicle with a power generator such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, with the HV battery then being used to temporarily store electrical power serves. Such a battery is often referred to as a traction battery.
HV-Batterien haben dabei typischerweise einen hohen Bedarf an Kühlung, weil beim Laden und Entladen der HV-Batterie Abwärme anfällt. Sehr häufig ist es so, dass die Batterie aus mehreren Batteriemodulen aufgebaut ist, welche gemeinsam in einem Gehäuse angeordnet sind. Innerhalb des Gehäuses wird das Kühlmedium über innere Leitungen zum Wärmeaustausch mit den elektrochemischen Bauteilen der Batterie geführt. Außerhalb der HV-Batterie wird das Kühlmedium dann über einen externen Kühlkreislauf, im oben dargelegten Beispiel dem Kühlkreislauf eines Fahrzeugs, weitergeführt, um die Abwärme beispielsweise in die Umgebung des Fahrzeugs abzugeben oder bei Bedarf auch zur Klimatisierung des Fahrzeuginnenraums einzusetzen. Neben Fahrzeuganwendungen ist auch eine stationäre Anwendung derartiger Batterien denkbar. Auch hier wäre dann eine Kühlung über einen externen Kühlkreislauf notwendig, welcher das Kühlmedium über die internen Leitungen zur Kühlung der Batteriemodule der HV-Batterie führt. HV batteries typically require a lot of cooling because waste heat is generated when charging and discharging the HV battery. It is very often the case that the battery is made up of several battery modules, which are arranged together in a housing. Inside the housing, the cooling medium is routed via internal lines for heat exchange with the electrochemical components of the battery. Outside the HV battery, the cooling medium is then continued via an external cooling circuit, in the example presented above the cooling circuit of a vehicle, in order to release the waste heat, for example, into the environment of the vehicle or, if necessary, to use it to air-condition the vehicle interior. In addition to vehicle applications, stationary use of such batteries is also conceivable. Here too, cooling would be necessary via an external cooling circuit, which leads the cooling medium via the internal lines to cool the battery modules of the HV battery.
Für Wartungsarbeiten an der Batterie oder für den Fall eines Remanufacturings muss zuerst eine Demontage der Batterie von dem externen Kühlkreislauf erfolgen, welcher dafür typischerweise entleert wird. Aus Korrosionsschutzgründen ist es jedoch so, dass die HV-Batterie maximal drei Tage ohne befülltes Kühlsystem gelagert und/oder transportiert werden darf. Ansonsten kann dazu kommen, dass Komponenten innerhalb der HV-Batterie korrodieren. Wird die HV-Batterie dann wieder in ein externes Kühlsystem eingesetzt, wird das komplette externe Kühlsystem durch die Korrosionsprodukte kontaminiert, was typischerweise zu sehr hohen Folgeschäden führt. Muss die HV-Batterie zwingend für mehr als drei Tage gelagert oder transportiert werden, besteht prinzipiell auch die Möglichkeit, die Leitungen des internen Kühlsystems der HV-Batterie komplett zu trocknen, was jedoch zeitaufwändig und kostenintensiv ist. Außerdem muss dann sichergestellt werden, dass wirklich das gesamte Innenvolumen der Leitungen vollständig trocken ist, was schwierig zu gewährleisten ist. For maintenance work on the battery or in the event of remanufacturing, the battery must first be dismantled from the external cooling circuit, which is typically emptied for this purpose. However, for corrosion protection reasons, the HV battery may be stored and/or transported for a maximum of three days without a filled cooling system. Otherwise, components within the HV battery may corrode. If the HV battery is then reinserted into an external cooling system, the entire external cooling system is contaminated by the corrosion products, which typically leads to very high consequential damage. If the HV battery absolutely needs to be stored or transported for more than three days, it is in principle also possible to completely dry the lines of the HV battery's internal cooling system, although this is time-consuming and costly. In addition, it must then be ensured that the entire internal volume of the pipes is completely dry, which is difficult to ensure.
Die DE 10 2015 212 334 A1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Kühlung mindestens einer Batteriezelle. Dabei ist es so, dass ein extern am Batteriegehäuse angeordneter Kühlkreislauf über Schnittstellen mit einem intern des Batteriegehäuses angeordneten Teil des Kühlkreislaufs verbunden ist. Im Bereich der Schnittstellen können dabei Rückschlagventile oder Ventileinrichtungen angeordnet sein, welche bei Bedarf in der Art angesteuert werden, dass sich eine Durchströmung in der gewünschten Art einstellt. The DE 10 2015 212 334 A1 shows a device and a method for cooling at least one battery cell. It is the case that a cooling circuit arranged externally on the battery housing is connected via interfaces to a part of the cooling circuit arranged internally of the battery housing. In the area of the interfaces, check valves or valve devices can be arranged, which can be controlled if necessary in such a way that a flow occurs in the desired manner.
Zum weiteren Stand der Technik kann ferner auf die DE 10 2020 004 355 A1 verwiesen werden, welche eine Akkumulatoranordnung mit einem Wärmeübertragungskörper zeigt, wobei hier verschiedene Ventileinrichtungen angeordnet sind, unter anderem im Venting- Kanal, über weichen im Falle eines thermischen Durchgehens der Batterieeinzelzellen Gas abgeblasen werden kann. Die Aufgabe der hier vorliegenden Erfindung besteht nun darin, eine verbesserte HV- Batterie anzugeben, welche die oben genannten Nachteile vermeidet. For further prior art, reference can also be made to DE 10 2020 004 355 A1, which shows an accumulator arrangement with a heat transfer body, various valve devices being arranged here, including in the venting channel, over which gas occurs in the event of a thermal runaway of the individual battery cells can be blown off. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved HV battery which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine HV-Batterie mit den Merkmalen im Anspruch 1 , und hier insbesondere im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 , gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen HV-Batterie ergeben sich aus den hiervon abhängigen Unteransprüchen. Ein Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 5 mit einer solchen HV-Batterie löst die Aufgabe ebenfalls. According to the invention, this object is achieved by an HV battery with the features in claim 1, and here in particular in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous refinements and further developments of the HV battery according to the invention result from the dependent claims. A vehicle according to claim 5 with such an HV battery also solves the problem.
Die erfindungsgemäße HV-Batterie umfasst wenigstens ein Batteriemodul und, wie es oben erläutert worden ist und wie es im Stand der Technik ebenfalls üblich ist, interne Leitungen für ein flüssiges von einem externen Kühlkreislauf bereitgestelltes Kühlmedium. Erfindungsgemäß ist im Bereich wenigstens einer der Schnittstellen der Leitungen mit dem externen Kühlkreislauf eine Ventileinrichtung vorgesehen. Die Ventileinrichtungen, welche im Schnittstellenbereich angeordnet sind, und welche vorzugsweise Teil der HV-Batterie bzw. ihres Gehäuses sind, erlauben es nun, auch bei einem entleerten externen Kühlkreislauf, beispielsweise einem Fahrzeugkühlkreislauf, das Kühlmedium in der HV-Batterie zu halten. Hierdurch lässt sich die HV-Batterie zusammen mit dem in ihr enthaltenen Kühlmedium demontieren und/oder transportieren. Damit ist es möglich, die HV-Batterie über die eingangs genannte Frist von drei Tagen hinaus ohne ein Wiederanschließen an den externen Kühlkreislauf zu lagern und/oder zu transportieren und jeglicher Aufwand und jegliche Gefahr, welche mit einer Entleerung des internen Kühlkreislaufs der HV-Batterie einhergeht, kann vermieden werden. Dabei ist wenigstens eine der Ventileinrichtungen als federbelastetes Rückschlagventil ausgebildet. Ein solches federbelastetes Rückschlagventil, welches in der Art ausgebildet ist, dass es bei aus dem externen Kühlkreislauf anströmenden oder in diesen abströmenden Kühlmedium von der Druckdifferenz geöffnet wird, wäre dann ohne diese Druckdifferenz, also ohne eine Durchströmung, geschlossen. Dies lässt sich beispielsweise bei zwei derartigen Ventilen sowohl an der Eingangsschnittstelle als auch an der Ausgangsschnittstelle durch unterschiedliche Federkräfte so realisieren, dass diese bei einer Durchströmung mit dem Kühlmedium zuverlässig öffnen und ohne die Durchströmung schließen. Dieser Aufbau ist dabei außerordentlich einfach und effizient, da er quasi wartungsfrei ist und selbsttätig bei nicht vorliegender Durchströmung des externen Kühlkreislaufs mit dem Kühlmedium die internen Leitungen für das Kühlmedium in der HV-Batterie zuverlässig verschließt. Prinzipiell reicht dabei bereits eine einzige Ventileinrichtung, um je nach Gestaltung der Leitungen und Positionierung der Schnittstellen an einem Batteriegehäuse das flüssige Kühlmedium in der HV-Batterie zu halten. Besonders günstig ist es jedoch, wenn im Bereich aller Schnittstellen, typischerweise im Bereich von zwei Schnittstellen, was die übliche Anzahl an Schnittstellen ist, jeweils eine Ventileinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Die Ventileinrichtungen können also im Bereich der Zufuhr des flüssigen Kühlmediums aus dem externen Kühlkreislauf und im Bereich der Abfuhr desselben in den externen Kühlkreislauf angeordnet werden. Damit wird ein sicheres und zuverlässiges Absperren und Abdichten der internen Leitungen für den Kühlkreislauf möglich. Das Kühlmedium kann damit sicher in der HV-Batterie eingeschlossen werden. The HV battery according to the invention comprises at least one battery module and, as explained above and as is also common in the prior art, internal lines for a liquid cooling medium provided by an external cooling circuit. According to the invention, a valve device is provided in the area of at least one of the interfaces between the lines and the external cooling circuit. The valve devices, which are arranged in the interface area and which are preferably part of the HV battery or its housing, now make it possible to keep the cooling medium in the HV battery even when the external cooling circuit is empty, for example a vehicle cooling circuit. This allows the HV battery to be dismantled and/or transported together with the cooling medium it contains. This makes it possible to store and/or transport the HV battery beyond the initially mentioned period of three days without reconnecting it to the external cooling circuit and any effort and risk associated with emptying the internal cooling circuit of the HV battery can be avoided. At least one of the valve devices is designed as a spring-loaded check valve. Such a spring-loaded check valve, which is designed in such a way that it is opened by the pressure difference when the cooling medium flows out of the external cooling circuit or into it, would then be closed without this pressure difference, i.e. without a flow. This can be achieved, for example, with two such valves at both the input interface and the output interface using different spring forces so that they open reliably when the cooling medium flows through and close without the flow. This structure is extremely simple and efficient, as it is virtually maintenance-free and automatically reliably closes the internal lines for the cooling medium in the HV battery when the external cooling circuit is not flowing through the cooling medium. In principle, a single valve device is enough to keep the liquid cooling medium in the HV battery, depending on the design of the lines and the positioning of the interfaces on a battery housing. However, it is particularly advantageous if one valve device is provided in the area of all interfaces, typically in the area of two interfaces, which is the usual number of interfaces. The valve devices can therefore be arranged in the area of the supply of the liquid cooling medium from the external cooling circuit and in the area of the removal of the same into the external cooling circuit. This makes it possible to safely and reliably shut off and seal the internal lines for the cooling circuit. The cooling medium can thus be safely enclosed in the HV battery.
Ergänzend dazu wäre es prinzipiell auch denkbar, eine weitereder eingesetzten Ventileinrichtungen als manuell betätigbare Ventileinrichtung auszubilden. Eine solche manuell betätigbare Ventileinrichtung könnte beispielsweise eine Art Drehschieber in dem Bereich der Schnittstelle sein, welcher durch ein entsprechendes Werkzeug wie beispielsweise einen Schraubenzieher, einen Sechskantschlüssel oder dergleichen von einer Durchflussposition in eine gesperrte Position verstellt werden kann. Im Falle einer Demontage der HV-Batterie von dem externen Kühlkreislauf müssten dann lediglich die entsprechenden Ventileinrichtungen manuell geschlossen und nach dem Wiederanschließen an den externen Kühlkreislauf manuell wieder geöffnet werden, um den Aufwand hinsichtlich der Handhabung der demontierten HV-Batterie zu reduzieren und die Gefahr einer Korrosion zu vermeiden. In addition, it would in principle also be conceivable to design another of the valve devices used as a manually operated valve device. Such a manually operable valve device could, for example, be a type of rotary valve in the area of the interface, which can be adjusted from a flow position to a blocked position using an appropriate tool such as a screwdriver, a hexagonal wrench or the like. In the event that the HV battery is dismantled from the external cooling circuit, the corresponding valve devices would then simply have to be closed manually and opened again manually after reconnection to the external cooling circuit in order to reduce the effort in terms of handling the dismantled HV battery and the risk of To avoid corrosion.
Gemäß einer außerordentlich günstigen Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen HV- Batterie kann die oder können die Ventileinrichtungen dabei in ein Gehäuse der HV- Batterie integriert ausgeführt sein, sodass keine im Bereich der Schnittstellen über das Gehäuse der HV-Batterie überstehenden Bauteile notwendig sind, was die Gefahr einer Beschädigung beim Transport einer demontierten HV-Batterie, beispielsweise zum Zwecke des Remanufacturing, reduziert und damit die Sicherheit und Handhabbarkeit erhöht. Wie bereits erwähnt lässt sich die HV-Batterie vorzugsweise in einem Fahrzeug einsetzen, weshalb auch ein Fahrzeug mit den Merkmalen im Anspruch 8 die oben genannte Aufgabe löst. According to an extremely favorable development of the HV battery according to the invention, the valve device or devices can be designed to be integrated into a housing of the HV battery, so that no components protruding beyond the housing of the HV battery in the area of the interfaces are necessary, which poses the risk of Damage when transporting a dismantled HV battery, for example for the purpose of remanufacturing, is reduced and thus safety and manageability are increased. As already mentioned, the HV battery can preferably be used in a vehicle, which is why a vehicle with the features in claim 8 also solves the above-mentioned task.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen HV-Batterie sowie ihrer Verwendung ergeben sich auch aus dem Ausführungsbeispiel, welches nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren näher dargestellt ist. Further advantageous refinements of the HV battery according to the invention and its use also result from the exemplary embodiment, which is shown in more detail below with reference to the figures.
Dabei zeigen: Show:
Fig. 1 ein beispielhaftes Fahrzeug mit einer HV-Batterie; 1 shows an exemplary vehicle with an HV battery;
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer HV-Batterie in einer Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung; und 2 shows a schematic representation of an HV battery in an embodiment according to the invention; and
Fig. 3 eine mögliche Ausführungsform einer Ventileinrichtung für die erfindungsgemäße HV-Batterie. Fig. 3 shows a possible embodiment of a valve device for the HV battery according to the invention.
Nachfolgend soll eine erfindungsgemäße HV-Batterie 2 am Beispiel einer Traktionsbatterie für ein in Figur 1 dargestelltes Fahrzeug 1 erläutert werden. Die HV- Batterie 2 ist dabei im Heckbereich des Fahrzeugs 1 angedeutet. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung dieser HV-Batterie 2 ist jedoch nicht auf den Einsatz in einem Fahrzeug 1 eingeschränkt. An HV battery 2 according to the invention will be explained below using the example of a traction battery for a vehicle 1 shown in FIG. The HV battery 2 is indicated in the rear area of the vehicle 1. However, the inventive design of this HV battery 2 is not limited to use in a vehicle 1.
Das angedeutete Fahrzeug 1 , welches beispielsweise als batterieelektrisches Fahrzeug 1 ausgebildet ist, umfasst neben der HV-Batterie 2 als für die hier vorliegende Erfindung noch relevantes System einen angedeuteten und mit 3 bezeichneten Kühlkreislauf, welcher einen Wärmetauscher 4 sowie eine Kühlmedienpumpe 5 umfasst. Neben eines solchen direkten Kühlkreislaufs wäre auch ein indirekter Kühlkreislauf mit Anschluss an eine Klimaanlage in dem Fahrzeug oder dergleichen denkbar. Für die Erläuterung der HV-Batterie 2 in ihrer erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist es lediglich notwendig, dass ein extern der HV-Batterie 2 ausgeführter Kühlkreislauf 3 vorhanden ist. Dieser Fahrzeugkühlkreislauf 3 wird deshalb nachfolgend auch als externer Kühlkreislauf 3 bezeichnet. The indicated vehicle 1, which is designed, for example, as a battery-electric vehicle 1, includes, in addition to the HV battery 2 as a system still relevant to the present invention, an indicated cooling circuit designated 3, which includes a heat exchanger 4 and a cooling media pump 5. In addition to such a direct cooling circuit, an indirect cooling circuit with a connection to an air conditioning system in the vehicle or the like would also be conceivable. For the explanation of the HV battery 2 in its embodiment according to the invention, it is only necessary that a cooling circuit 3 which is external to the HV battery 2 is present. This vehicle cooling circuit 3 is therefore also referred to below as external cooling circuit 3.
In der Darstellung der Figur 2 ist die HV-Batterie 2 nochmals einzeln dargestellt. Links in der Darstellung der Figur 2 ist eine mit 6 bezeichnete Zuleitung aus dem externen Kühlkreislauf 3 und darunter eine Ableitung 7 in den externen Kühlkreislauf 3 dargestellt. Ein flüssiges Kühlmedium wird von dem externen Kühlkreislauf 3 über die Zuleitung 6 bereitgestellt und gelangt im Bereich einer Schnittstelle 8 in die HV-Batterie 2. Dann fließt das Kühlmedium durch gestrichelt angedeutete Leitungen 9 für das Kühlmedium innerhalb der HV-Batterie 2 bzw. ihres mit 10 bezeichneten Gehäuses und dient zur Kühlung der Batterieeinzelzellen wenigstens eines hier nicht näher dargestellten Batteriemoduls. Das mit der Abwärme der Batteriemodule beladene Kühlmedium strömt dann über eine mit 11 bezeichnete Ausgangsschnittstelle und die Ableitung 7 zurück in den externen Kühlkreislauf 3 und wird hier, beispielsweise über den Wärmetauscher 4 in der Darstellung der Figur 1 , abgekühlt. In the illustration in Figure 2, the HV battery 2 is shown again individually. On the left in the illustration in FIG. 2, a supply line from the external cooling circuit 3, designated 6, and below it a discharge line 7 into the external cooling circuit 3 is shown. A liquid cooling medium is provided by the external cooling circuit 3 via the supply line 6 and enters the HV battery 2 in the area of an interface 8. The cooling medium then flows through lines 9 indicated by dashed lines for the cooling medium within the HV battery 2 or its 10 designated housing and is used to cool the individual battery cells of at least one battery module, not shown here. The cooling medium loaded with the waste heat from the battery modules then flows back into the external cooling circuit 3 via an output interface designated 11 and the discharge line 7 and is cooled here, for example via the heat exchanger 4 in the illustration in FIG.
Um für den Fall einer notwendigen Demontage der HV-Batterie 2 von dem Fahrzeug 1 das in den Leitungen 9 befindliche Kühlmedium einzuschließen, um so eine Korrosion innerhalb dieser Leitungen 9 zu verhindern, sind im Bereich der beiden Schnittstellen 8, 11 jeweils Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 in der Darstellung der Figur 2 schematisch angedeutet. Eine dieser Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 könnte nun beispielsweise manuell verschlossen werden, um das Kühlmedium im Inneren der HV-Batterie 2, also in den Leitungen 9, einzuschließen. Im Anschluss kann der externe Kühlkreislauf 3 entleert und die HV-Batterie 2 von Fahrzeug 1 demontiert werden. Sie kann dann mit dem in ihr eingeschlossenen Kühlmedium beliebig lange gelagert und/oder transportiert werden, ohne dass hier die Gefahr einer Korrosion besteht, oder dass aufwändige Maßnahmen wie beispielsweise ein zuverlässiges Trocknen der Leitungen 9 in der HV-Batterie 2 notwendig werden. In order to enclose the cooling medium in the lines 9 in the event that the HV battery 2 has to be removed from the vehicle 1 in order to prevent corrosion within these lines 9, there are valve devices 12, 13 in the area of the two interfaces 8, 11 indicated schematically in the representation of Figure 2. One of these valve devices 12, 13 could now be closed manually, for example, in order to enclose the cooling medium inside the HV battery 2, i.e. in the lines 9. The external cooling circuit 3 can then be emptied and the HV battery 2 from vehicle 1 can be removed. It can then be stored and/or transported with the cooling medium enclosed in it for any length of time without the risk of corrosion or the need for complex measures such as reliable drying of the lines 9 in the HV battery 2.
Vorzugsweise ist es dabei so, dass die Schnittstellen 8, 11 und insbesondere die Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 in das Gehäuse 10 der HV-Batterie 2 vollständig integriert ausgebildet sind. Damit wird die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 beim Handling der HV-Batterie 2 deutlich reduziert, was ein weiterer Sicherheitsvorteil ist. It is preferably the case that the interfaces 8, 11 and in particular the valve devices 12, 13 are designed to be completely integrated into the housing 10 of the HV battery 2. This significantly reduces the risk of damage to the valve devices 12, 13 when handling the HV battery 2, which is a further safety advantage.
Neben der möglichen bereits angesprochenen manuell betätigbaren Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 ist zumindest eine der Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 als selbsttätig agierende Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 ausgebildet. In der Darstellung der Figur 3 ist eine solche Ventileinrichtung 12, 13, welche selbsttätig agiert, prinzipiell dargestellt. Das Kühlmedium strömt dabei in der Darstellung der Figur 3 von links zu der Ventileinrichtung 12, 13, wie es durch den Pfeil angedeutet ist. Ein Ventilkörper 15 wird dann von dem Druck des anströmenden Kühlmediums von dem Ventilsitz 16 abgehoben, sodass hier prinzipiell die Funktion eines Rückschlagventils vorliegt. Dieses wird zusätzlich mit einer Feder 14 belastet, um so ab einem bestimmten durch die Federkraft der Feder 14 definierten Drucks selbsttätig zu schließen. Damit kann erreicht werden, dass bei einer Durchströmung der Leitungen 9 durch das Kühlmedium aus dem externen Kühlkreislauf 3 die Ventileinrichtungen 12, 13 öffnen, sodass die Durchströmung mit dem Kühlmedium ermöglicht wird. Wird die Strömung des Kühlmediums in dem externen Kühlkreislauf 3 nicht weiter aufrechterhalten, beispielsweise weil die Kühlmedienpumpe 5 abgeschaltet wird, dann sinkt der auf den Ventilkörper 15 der Ventileinrichtung 12, 13 wirkende Druck, sodass dieser durch die Feder 14 in den Ventilsitz 16 gepresst wird, und den Aufbau abdichtet. Dies funktioniert dabei sowohl im Bereich der Eingangsschnittstelle 8 als auch der Ausgangsschnittstelle 11 , wobei insbesondere im Bereich der Ausgangsschnittstelle 11 die Feder 14 zwingend notwendig ist. Im Bereich der Eingangsschnittstelle könnte auf diese auch verzichtet werden, solange ein gewisser Überdruck in dem Kühlmedium innerhalb der Leitungen 9 gegenüber dem Druck in der Umgebung nach der Demontage der HV-Batterie 2 vorliegt. In addition to the possible manually operable valve devices 12, 13 already mentioned, at least one of the valve devices 12, 13 is designed as an automatically acting valve device 12, 13. Such a valve device 12, 13, which acts automatically, is shown in principle in the illustration in FIG. In the illustration in FIG. 3, the cooling medium flows from the left to the valve device 12, 13, as shown it is indicated by the arrow. A valve body 15 is then lifted from the valve seat 16 by the pressure of the incoming cooling medium, so that in principle the function of a check valve is present here. This is additionally loaded with a spring 14 in order to close automatically from a certain pressure defined by the spring force of the spring 14. This can ensure that when the cooling medium from the external cooling circuit 3 flows through the lines 9, the valve devices 12, 13 open, so that the cooling medium can flow through. If the flow of the cooling medium in the external cooling circuit 3 is no longer maintained, for example because the cooling medium pump 5 is switched off, then the pressure acting on the valve body 15 of the valve device 12, 13 drops, so that it is pressed into the valve seat 16 by the spring 14, and seals the structure. This works both in the area of the input interface 8 and the output interface 11, with the spring 14 being absolutely necessary, particularly in the area of the output interface 11. In the area of the input interface, this could also be dispensed with as long as there is a certain excess pressure in the cooling medium within the lines 9 compared to the pressure in the environment after the HV battery 2 has been dismantled.

Claims

Patentansprüche HV-Batterie (2) mit wenigstens einem Batteriemodul und mit inneren Leitungen (9) für ein flüssiges von einem externen Kühlkreislauf (3) bereitgestelltes Kühlmedium, wobei im Bereich wenigstens einer der Schnittstellen (8, 11) der Leitungen (9) mit dem externen Kühlkreislauf (3) eine Ventileinrichtung (12, 13) vorgesehen ist, und wobei wenigstens eine der Ventileinrichtungen (12, 13) als Rückschlagventil ausgebildet ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rückschlagventil als federbelastetes Rückschlagventil ausgebildet ist, wobei das federbelastete Rückschlagventil in der Art ausgebildet ist, dass es bei aus dem externen Kühlkreislauf (3) anströmenden oder in diesen abströmenden Kühlmedium von der Druckdifferenz geöffnet und ohne eine Durchströmung geschlossen ist. HV-Batterie (2) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich aller Schnittstellen (8, 11) der Leitungen (9) mit dem externen Kühlkreislauf (3) jeweils eine Ventileinrichtung (12, 13) vorgesehen ist. HV-Batterie (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine der Ventileinrichtungen (12, 13) als manuell betätigbare Ventileinrichtung ausgebildet ist. HV-Batterie (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Ventileinrichtung (12, 13) in einem Gehäuse (10) der HV- Batterie (2) integriert ausgebildet ist. Zumindest teilweise elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug (1) mit einem Fahrzeugkühlkreislauf (3), welcher zur Kühlung einer HV-Batterie (2) ausgebildet ist, wobei die HV-Batterie (2) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 ausgebildet ist. Claims HV battery (2) with at least one battery module and with internal lines (9) for a liquid cooling medium provided by an external cooling circuit (3), in the area of at least one of the interfaces (8, 11) of the lines (9) with the external cooling circuit (3) a valve device (12, 13) is provided, and at least one of the valve devices (12, 13) is designed as a check valve, characterized in that the check valve is designed as a spring-loaded check valve, the spring-loaded check valve being designed in this way is that when the cooling medium flows out of the external cooling circuit (3) or flows out into it, it is opened by the pressure difference and closed without flow. HV battery (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that a valve device (12, 13) is provided in the area of all interfaces (8, 11) of the lines (9) with the external cooling circuit (3). HV battery (2) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that at least one of the valve devices (12, 13) is designed as a manually operable valve device. HV battery (2) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one valve device (12, 13) is designed to be integrated in a housing (10) of the HV battery (2). At least partially electrically driven vehicle (1) with a vehicle cooling circuit (3) which is designed to cool an HV battery (2), the HV battery (2) being designed according to one of claims 1 to 4.
PCT/EP2023/055808 2022-03-14 2023-03-07 High-voltage battery having at least one battery module WO2023174762A1 (en)

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Citations (5)

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US20110293974A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Ji-Hyoung Yoon Battery pack
DE102015212334A1 (en) 2015-07-01 2017-01-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for cooling at least one battery cell
DE102017215610A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Mahle International Gmbh Accumulator assembly for an electric or hybrid vehicle
US20210053689A1 (en) * 2019-04-23 2021-02-25 Joby Aero, Inc. Vehicle cabin thermal management system and method
DE102020004355A1 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-01-20 Daimler Ag Accumulator arrangement with an accumulator unit and a heat transfer body and heat transfer body

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110293974A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Ji-Hyoung Yoon Battery pack
DE102015212334A1 (en) 2015-07-01 2017-01-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for cooling at least one battery cell
DE102017215610A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Mahle International Gmbh Accumulator assembly for an electric or hybrid vehicle
US20210053689A1 (en) * 2019-04-23 2021-02-25 Joby Aero, Inc. Vehicle cabin thermal management system and method
DE102020004355A1 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-01-20 Daimler Ag Accumulator arrangement with an accumulator unit and a heat transfer body and heat transfer body

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