WO2023165238A1 - Procédé et appareil de calcul optimal du mot de code basé sur l'accès multiple holographique - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de calcul optimal du mot de code basé sur l'accès multiple holographique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023165238A1
WO2023165238A1 PCT/CN2022/142369 CN2022142369W WO2023165238A1 WO 2023165238 A1 WO2023165238 A1 WO 2023165238A1 CN 2022142369 W CN2022142369 W CN 2022142369W WO 2023165238 A1 WO2023165238 A1 WO 2023165238A1
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Prior art keywords
user
codeword
codebook
optimal
base station
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PCT/CN2022/142369
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张雨童
邓若琪
张浩波
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杭州腓腓科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023165238A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165238A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution
    • H04B7/043—Power distribution using best eigenmode, e.g. beam forming or beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/267—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the information rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an optimal code word calculation method and device based on holographic address access.
  • Next-generation wireless communications are expected to provide high-speed data services and support large-scale network access for a large number of mobile devices.
  • This exponentially increasing data transmission demand has led to the emergence of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology and large-scale phased arrays.
  • MIMO massive multiple-input multiple-output
  • phased arrays severely hinder the future development of massive MIMO systems because of the expensive components of phased arrays, such as phase shifters, and high power consumption, especially at high frequency bands.
  • the element spacing of phased arrays is usually about half a wavelength. Therefore, in the massive MIMO system, it is difficult to realize it in actual engineering due to the problem of the excessive size of the phased array.
  • the holographic antenna is composed of many metamaterial radiating units compactly arranged. According to the effective medium theory, the unit spacing is not greater than a quarter wavelength.
  • the feed source of the holographic antenna is embedded in the bottom of the waveguide to generate electromagnetic waves. They are also called reference waves. propagate along the waveguide.
  • the holographic antenna can use metamaterial radiation elements to construct a hologram according to the principle of holographic interference, and record the interference between the target wave and the reference wave pointing to the receiver. In other words, one hologram corresponds to one desired wave direction. When the reference wave excites the hologram, each unit can control the radiation amplitude of the reference wave to generate the target beam.
  • the present invention provides an optimal code word calculation method and device based on holographic address access, by establishing a layered multi-beam codebook at the base station to train multiple users, and obtain the beamforming scheme of each user at the same time.
  • An optimal code word calculation method based on holographic multiple access is applicable to a communication system composed of a base station equipped with a holographic antenna and K users, and the steps include:
  • the codebook at user l is a single-beam layered codebook.
  • the multi-beam codebook is provided with several layers, wherein each layer contains two codewords, and the codewords are multi-beam codewords; the multi-beam codebook is provided with multiple main lobes, and each main lobe The petals cover an area.
  • beam training is performed through the following steps:
  • the base station Based on the codeword v (s,i) of the sth layer in the multi-beam codebook, the base station generates a beamformed signal X (s,i) , where i is the sequence number of the codeword in the sth layer;
  • user k selects the optimal codeword at layer s in the codebook at user k and the optimal codeword and the optimal codeword serial number return to the base station;
  • the optimal codewords of layer S in the multi-beam codebook are respectively and the optimal codeword in layer S in the codebook at user k As the optimal codeword v * at the base station and the optimal codeword at user k Where S is the multi-beam codebook or the number of layers of the codebook at user k.
  • the optimal codeword of layer s in the codebook at user k is selected through the following steps and the optimal codeword
  • a wireless communication service method comprising:
  • the base station uses the beamforming scheme M to transmit electromagnetic waves
  • the user Based on the beamforming scheme W, the user receives the electromagnetic wave.
  • a storage medium in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above method when running.
  • An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program for executing the method described above.
  • the holographic antenna is small in size, and its manufacturing uses PCB technology to make it compact and thin, greatly reducing manufacturing costs, and is easy to install directly on the transmitter.
  • Holographic antennas have low power consumption and low hardware cost: traditional antennas rely on a large number of phase shifters to control the phase of electromagnetic waves in each antenna, and also require a large number of power amplifiers. Therefore, traditional antennas require complex phase shifting circuits, and The power loss is large, and the hardware cost is high. In contrast, holographic antennas do not require phase shifters and complex phase shifting circuits, and beam control is accomplished through amplitude modulation, so the power consumption and hardware cost of wireless communication with holographic antennas are very low.
  • the present invention does not need to estimate accurate channel information, and the complexity is greatly reduced;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a holographic antenna.
  • Fig. 2 is a communication service system based on a holographic antenna.
  • Figure 3 is a single-beam layered codebook.
  • Figure 4 is a multi-beam layered codebook.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of a simulation experiment of the present invention.
  • the system includes a base station (i.e. transmitter) equipped with a holographic antenna and L users.
  • the holographic antenna is a new type of antenna composed of a feed source, a waveguide, and a metamaterial radiation unit.
  • the feed source is embedded in the bottom of the antenna to send out the electromagnetic wave (also called reference wave) carrying the transmission signal.
  • the electromagnetic wave is directly injected into the waveguide and propagates along the waveguide.
  • the metasurface uses the radiation amplitude of the metamaterial radiation unit to construct a holographic pattern.
  • each radiation unit When the reference wave of the signal excites the holographic pattern on the reconfigurable holographic metasurface, each radiation unit will control the radiation amplitude M i,j of the reference wave at the unit according to the current phase of the reference wave (that is, the radiation amplitude M i,j transmitted to each metamaterial The ratio of the energy of the reference wave of the radiating element radiated to free space), thereby generating a corresponding directional target beam.
  • the base station first performs digital beamforming on the signal to be transmitted, and the digital beamforming can be but not limited to zero-forcing beamforming;
  • On-chain frequency conversion to the carrier frequency band is connected to the feed source of the holographic antenna.
  • the electromagnetic wave After the electromagnetic wave is emitted from the feed source, it passes through each radiation unit in turn to perform holographic beamforming.
  • the combination of digital beamforming and holographic beamforming is called hybrid beamforming .
  • the electromagnetic wave is transmitted from the base station, passes through the channel, and reaches the antenna of the user, (5) decodes through analog beam combining, and connects with the radio frequency chain to obtain the final signal.
  • the present invention provides a method for designing a beamforming matrix and a beamforming matrix under the condition of unknown channel information, thereby realizing wireless communication.
  • a codebook is set at the base station and the user respectively.
  • the codebook contains multiple codewords.
  • Each codeword provides a beamforming/beamforming scheme. Based on this scheme, the beam can be directed in a specific direction.
  • the sum of the beam directions of all codewords can cover the entire angle domain, that is, [-1,1].
  • Traverse all the codewords in the codebook in turn at each device (base station/user), and select the codeword with the highest received power at the user as the best codeword, where the best codeword of the base station is fed back to the base station by the user, and the best codeword at the user
  • the best codeword of is recorded locally in the user.
  • the above optimal codeword is directly used as a beamforming/beamforming scheme.
  • the beam training based on the above-mentioned codebook construction method can only train one user at a time. As the number of users continues to increase, the training overhead is unacceptable. For this reason, the present invention uses multi-beam codewords to reduce training overhead.
  • the codebook at the user site adopts a traditional single-beam layered codebook.
  • the bottom layer of the codebook (layer S) is the final codeword that needs to be screened.
  • the user first adopts the two codewords (1,1) and (1,2) of the first layer in turn. If the power of the signal received by the codeword (1,1) is greater than that of the codeword (1,2) , then in the next layer, only the codeword (2,1) and codeword (2,2) corresponding to the codeword (1,1) are traversed, and vice versa until the bottom layer.
  • each layer contains only two codewords, each codeword is a multi-beam codeword, has multiple main lobes, and each main lobe covers an area. That is, in each layer, all the white areas are the coverage of codeword 1, and all the gray areas are the coverage of codeword 2.
  • all users simultaneously use the best codeword of the sth layer
  • the area where the user is located (from left to right in each layer is area 1, 2, 7) can be calculated by the following formula:
  • the codebook construction method of the present invention includes:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de formation de faisceaux basés sur une conception d'un livre de code pour une métasurface omnidirectionnelle reconfigurable. Le procédé consiste à : établir, dans une station de base, un livre de code multifaisceau d'une architecture hiérarchique ; effectuer un apprentissage de faisceau en fonction du livre de code multifaisceau et d'un livre de code pour chaque utilisateur k, de manière à sélectionner un mot de code optimal pour chaque utilisateur k et un mot de code optimal pour la station de base. Dans la présente invention, un mot de code multifaisceau est utilisé et il n'est pas nécessaire d'estimer des informations précises sur le canal, ce qui réduit considérablement la complexité et les frais généraux de l'apprentissage de faisceau et permet de mettre en œuvre des communications sans fil dans le cas où les conditions du canal sont inconnues.
PCT/CN2022/142369 2022-03-03 2022-12-27 Procédé et appareil de calcul optimal du mot de code basé sur l'accès multiple holographique WO2023165238A1 (fr)

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CN202210210814.2A CN114944854A (zh) 2022-03-03 2022-03-03 一种基于全息多址接入的最优码字计算方法及装置

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CN114944854A (zh) * 2022-03-03 2022-08-26 杭州腓腓科技有限公司 一种基于全息多址接入的最优码字计算方法及装置

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US20100189002A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2010-07-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Multiple beamforming method and apparatus
CN107733479A (zh) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-23 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 一种波束训练的方法及装置
CN110401476A (zh) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-01 东南大学 一种基于码本的毫米波通信多用户并行波束训练方法
CN113726695A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-30 杭州腓腓科技有限公司 基于可重构全息超表面的无线通信信道估计方法及系统
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CN109474314B (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-02-09 东南大学 毫米波多用户大规模mimo基-4并行波束训练方法
CN112994767B (zh) * 2021-02-03 2022-05-31 北京邮电大学 基于共形天线的无人机毫米波波束训练方法及装置
CN113300747B (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-06-17 东南大学 一种智能反射表面辅助的毫米波系统中的波束训练方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100189002A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2010-07-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Multiple beamforming method and apparatus
CN107733479A (zh) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-23 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 一种波束训练的方法及装置
CN110401476A (zh) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-01 东南大学 一种基于码本的毫米波通信多用户并行波束训练方法
CN113726695A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-30 杭州腓腓科技有限公司 基于可重构全息超表面的无线通信信道估计方法及系统
CN114944854A (zh) * 2022-03-03 2022-08-26 杭州腓腓科技有限公司 一种基于全息多址接入的最优码字计算方法及装置

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