WO2023164866A1

WO2023164866A1 - Yoke-winding-based multi-speed single-phase alternating-current electric motor

Info

Publication number: WO2023164866A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/078989
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗灿
Original assignee: 罗灿
Priority date: 2022-03-03
Filing date: 2022-03-03
Publication date: 2023-09-07

Abstract

A yoke-winding-based multi-speed single-phase alternating-current electric motor, which includes a yoke-winding-based multi-speed single-phase alternating-current induction electric motor, a yoke-winding-based multi-speed single-phase alternating-current synchronous reluctance electric motor and a yoke-winding-based multi-speed single-phase alternating-current hysteresis electric motor. The present invention is composed of a stator, a rotor, a support component, a shell, a control mechanism and other parts, and is characterized in that armature windings of each phase are yoke windings which are arranged along a yoke in segments. A single-phase alternating current is introduced by using a multi-speed single-phase method; adjacent yoke magnetic fluxes in the same direction are connected to each other in series, and adjacent yoke magnetic fluxes in different directions gather together; and the gathered yoke magnetic fluxes form magnetic poles at the nearest teeth, and changing magnetic poles form a rotating stator magnetic field or alternating stator magnetic field having multiple speeds, thereby driving the rotor to operate at multiple rated rotation speeds.

Description

Yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor

technical field

The invention relates to an AC induction pole-changing motor. Specifically, the armature winding adopts the yoke winding to be arranged along the yoke section; according to the multi-speed single-phase method, the single-phase alternating current is connected, and the yoke magnetic flux formed by the yoke winding of each section gathers to form a magnetic pole on the nearest tooth, changing The magnetic poles form a stator magnetic field with a variety of pole pairs and a variety of speeds to drive the rotor. This is the yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor.

Background technique

The motor is composed of stator, rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism and other components. The motor is generally a cylindrical rotor located inside the center of the motor, and a circular stator located outside to surround the rotor. This is an inner rotor radial flux motor. Topological technology can realize that the cylindrical stator is located inside the center of the motor, and the ring-shaped rotor is located outside to surround the stator, which is an outer rotor radial flux motor. Topological technology can also realize the axial flux motor in which the disc stator is located on one side of the motor, the disc rotor is located on the other side of the motor, and the stator and rotor are axially opposite. Topological technology can also realize a linear motor in which the linear stator and the linear rotor move in parallel. The topology technology described is a mature technology. Motors all strive to increase functionality. Improving the stator, the key component of the motor, can improve the motor and increase its functions. In the traditional AC induction pole-changing motor, the armature winding adopts the tooth winding, and the two kinds of stator pole pairs are switched by switching the two power-on methods, so as to realize two kinds of pole-changing controls, and the stator magnetic field realizes two speeds. This is mature technology. The present invention proposes that the armature winding adopts the yoke winding, and the single-phase alternating current is fed in according to the multi-speed single-phase method. Under the condition that the frequency of the single-phase alternating current remains unchanged, the yoke winding can be switched between various electrification modes, and various stator pole pairs can be switched. Number, realize multiple pole-changing control, stator magnetic field realize multiple speeds, and add more functions to the motor. The single-phase alternating current is an alternating current whose phase current potential has a sinusoidal waveform or a nearly sinusoidal waveform over time. For example, single-phase alternating current or simulated single-phase alternating current generated by inverters are mature technologies. The control of single-phase AC adopts mature technologies, such as current control, torque control, optimal efficiency control, field weakening control, position sensorless control, etc.

The yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor proposed by the present invention is specifically a single-phase single-phase motor with a multi-speed single-phase method that uses a yoke winding for the armature winding and a multi-speed single-phase method. The stator magnetic field has multiple pole pairs and multiple speeds. AC induction motor is to improve the motor and increase the function by improving the stator. The motor industry requires yoke-wound multi-speed single-phase AC motors.

Contents of the invention

The multi-speed single-phase AC motor with yoke windings of the present invention comprises a multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with yoke windings, a multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor with yoke windings and a multi-speed single-phase AC hysteresis motor with yoke windings. It is composed of supporting parts, casing and control mechanism. The feature is that: the armature winding adopts the yoke winding and is arranged along the yoke section, and the single-phase alternating current is fed in according to the multi-speed single-phase method to form a stator magnetic field with various pole pairs and multiple speeds.

The stator consists of a stator core and an armature winding. The stator core adopts mature technology and is made of high magnetic flux materials. For example, it is made of silicon steel, laminated silicon steel, and the like. The stator core is set as required, so that each tooth is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and faces the rotor inwardly, the yoke is in the shape of a ring parallel to the moving direction of the rotor, and the yoke is connected to each tooth to form the stator core. The stator core has 4*X teeth and 4*X yokes, 4*X is the phase number of the armature winding, and X is a natural number. The teeth of the stator core are also called stator poles, and the number of stator poles is equal to the number of teeth of the stator core. The clockwise direction of the stator core is the front, and the counterclockwise direction is the rear.

The armature winding is a wire structure that passes through a single-phase alternating current to form a changing yoke magnetic flux and finally forms a stator magnetic field, including 4*X-phase armature windings. The armature winding of each phase uses wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a yoke winding, which is arranged along the yoke section. The setting method of each yoke winding is: select a tooth of the stator core as the base, On the 4*X segment yoke in front of the base, 4*X segment yoke windings are arranged in sequence according to the phase sequence number, all of which are positive yoke windings. The wires and the number of turns of each segment of the yoke winding are the same. The positive and negative of the yoke winding are determined according to the yoke orientation method. The yoke orientation method is as follows: select a section of the stator core parallel to the rotor movement direction, and set the clockwise direction in the section view as the positive direction of the yoke magnetic flux, that is, when When the N pole direction of the yoke magnetic flux is clockwise, the yoke magnetic flux in this section is positive yoke magnetic flux, and when the N pole direction of the yoke magnetic flux is counterclockwise, the yoke magnetic flux in this section is negative yoke magnetic flux . According to the right-hand spiral rule, the yoke winding that forms a positive yoke magnetic flux when a positive current flows is a positive yoke winding, and the yoke winding that forms a negative yoke magnetic flux when a positive current flows is a negative yoke winding. The yoke winding that forms a positive yoke magnetic flux when a current flows is a negative yoke winding, and the yoke winding that forms a negative yoke magnetic flux when a negative current flows is a positive yoke winding. When single-phase alternating current flows through the yoke windings of each segment, a yoke magnetic flux is formed in the surrounded yoke, and the yoke magnetic flux in each segment of the yoke has only one direction, or the magnetic flux is zero. The magnetic fluxes of adjacent co-directional yokes are connected in series, and the magnetic fluxes of adjacent non-directional yokes gather together. Gathered at the nearest adjacent teeth to form poles. Adjacent yoke magnetic fluxes in the same direction are connected in series to form a set of yoke magnetic fluxes, and the teeth of the adjacent teeth of a set of yoke magnetic flux heads (one end of the N pole) form tooth magnetic fluxes to form N poles. The tooth portion closest to the tail portion of the yoke magnetic flux (one end of the S pole) forms the tooth portion magnetic flux to form the S pole. The adjacent heads of the two sets of yoke magnetic flux gather at the nearest teeth to form the tooth magnetic flux to form an N pole, and the adjacent tails of the two sets of yoke magnetic flux gather at the nearest adjacent teeth to form the tooth magnetic flux. S pole. As the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, the magnetic pole changes to form a changing stator magnetic field, which includes a rotating stator magnetic field and an alternating stator magnetic field. The N pole is the North Pole, the S pole is the South Pole, * is a multiplication sign, / is a division sign, + is a plus sign, a plus sign, - is a minus sign, a minus sign. The phase sequence numbers of the armature windings are also the phase sequence numbers of the yoke windings, usually expressed in lowercase English letters.

The armature winding is connected to single-phase alternating current according to the multi-speed single-phase method. The multi-speed single-phase method is a variety of energization methods for feeding single-phase alternating current, including the multi-speed split phase method and the multi-speed alternating method. The control circuit makes the single-phase alternating current split into two-phase alternating current, forming four kinds of alternating current, namely +A phase alternating current, +B phase alternating current whose electric phase is 90 degrees ahead of +A phase alternating current, and electric phase ratio +A phase -A-phase alternating current whose electric phase is 180 degrees ahead of the alternating current, and -B-phase alternating current whose electric phase is 270 degrees ahead of the +A-phase alternating current. The control circuit controls each yoke winding to feed one of the four alternating currents. Let P be the stator pole logarithm of multi-speed split-phase method, let Q be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each split-phase branch, P and Q are both natural numbers, so that 4*Q*P=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into P groups, each group has 4*Q section yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, and each group is numbered clockwise. No., No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a Q segment yoke winding. The multi-speed split-phase method is: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +B phase AC, and the third split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -A phase Alternating current, the No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs. With the single-phase alternating current The electrical phase changes to form a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of P; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A-phase alternating current, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the third The No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC. The yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase yoke windings gathers to form a pair of pole pairs Number of teeth magnetic flux, along with the phase change of single-phase alternating current, forms a rotating stator magnetic field with clockwise rotation of pole pairs P. It is a mature technology for the control circuit to split the single-phase AC into two-phase AC, and it is a mature technology to form four AC currents: +A phase AC, +B phase AC, -A phase AC, and -B phase AC. The control circuit controls each yoke It is a mature technology to pass one of the four alternating currents through the external winding. The mature technical solution for forming the magnetic field of the rotating stator is to feed one of the four alternating currents into the tooth windings to directly form magnetic poles and form the magnetic field of the rotating stator. The technical solution proposed by the invention is that each yoke winding connected with one of four kinds of alternating current forms a yoke magnetic flux, and the yoke magnetic flux gathers to form a magnetic pole and a rotating stator magnetic field. When the value range of Q is one value, the multi-speed split phase method has a power-on method, and the rotating stator magnetic field has a pole pair number and a speed (absolute value); when the value range of Q is multiple values, multiple There are many kinds of energization methods for the fast-cracking phase method, and the rotating stator magnetic field has a variety of pole pairs and various speeds (absolute values). A pole logarithm and a speed. When X is determined, the number of yoke parts of the stator core and the number of windings of the yoke part are determined. Under the condition of constant AC frequency, switching the value of Q and switching the energization mode of the multi-speed split phase method will switch the number of stator pole pairs. The stator field speed is switched. The rotating stator magnetic field at different speeds drives the rotor to start and run. For example, when X=1, the Q value range is 1, and the rotating stator magnetic field has a speed; when X=2, the Q value range is 1 or 2, and the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds; when X=3, The value range of Q is 1 or 3, and there are two speeds of rotating the stator magnetic field; when X=4, the value range of Q is 1, 2 or 4, and there are three speeds of rotating the stator magnetic field; when X=5, the value of Q The range is 1 or 5, and the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds; when X=6, the value range of Q is 1, 2, 3 or 6, and the rotating self-magnetic field has four speeds; when X=8, Q takes The value range is 1, 2, 4 or 8, and there are four speeds at which the stator field turns. It can be seen from the reasoning that: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +B phase alternating current, the second split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to the -A phase alternating current, the third split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to the -B phase alternating current, and the fourth split-phase The split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC to form a counterclockwise stator magnetic field; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -A phase AC, and the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -B phase AC. The No. 3 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC to form a counterclockwise stator magnetic field; the No. 1 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B phase Alternating current, No. 2 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A phase alternating current, No. 3 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to +B phase alternating current, and No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -A phase alternating current, forming counterclockwise Rotating stator field. The reasoning shows that: No. 1 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B phase alternating current, No. 2 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -A phase alternating current, No. The split-phase yoke winding is fed with +A phase AC to form a clockwise stator magnetic field; the No. 1 split-phase yoke winding is fed with -A phase AC, and the second split-phase yoke is fed with +B phase AC, The No. 3 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B-phase AC to form a clockwise rotating stator magnetic field; the No. 1 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B phase Alternating current, No. 2 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to +A phase alternating current, No. 3 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -A-phase alternating current, forming a clockwise Rotating stator field.

The control circuit controls each yoke winding to feed one of the two alternating currents of +A phase AC or -A phase AC. Let R be the number of stator pole pairs of the multi-speed alternating method, let T be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each alternating branch, R and T are both natural numbers, so that 2*T*R=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into R groups, each group has 2*T section yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, numbered clockwise and each branch is a single Number and double number, each alternating branch has a T-section yoke winding. The multi-speed alternating method is: the single-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the +A phase alternating current, the double-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the -A phase alternating current, and the yoke formed by every two alternating branch yoke windings The magnetic flux gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with pole pairs R is formed. It can be inferred that the single-number alternating branch yoke winding is fed with -A phase alternating current, and the double-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected with +A phase alternating current, which also forms an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number R. It is a mature technology that the control circuit controls each yoke winding to feed one of the two alternating currents. For the formation of the alternating stator magnetic field, the mature technical solution is to directly form the magnetic poles and form the alternating stator magnetic field through the tooth windings of one of the two alternating currents; the technical solution proposed by the present invention is to pass one of the two alternating currents Each yoke winding forms a yoke magnetic flux, and the yoke magnetic flux gathers to form a magnetic pole, forming an alternating stator magnetic field. When the value range of T is multiple values, the multi-speed alternating method has a variety of energization methods, and the alternating stator magnetic field has a variety of pole pairs and speeds. The value of each T corresponds to the multi-speed alternating method. A kind of energization method, a kind of pole pair number and a kind of speed corresponding to the alternating stator magnetic field. When X is determined, the number of yoke parts of the stator core and the number of windings of the yoke part are determined. Under the condition of constant AC frequency, switching the value of T and switching the energization mode of the multi-speed alternating method changes the number of pole pairs of the stator. Alternating stator field speed switched. Alternating stator magnetic fields at different speeds drive the rotating rotor to run in the original direction of rotation. For example, when X=1, the value range of T is 1 or 2, and the alternating stator magnetic field has two speeds; when X=2, the value range of T is 1, 2 or 4, and the alternating stator magnetic field has three speeds; When X=3, the value range of T is 1, 2, 3 or 6, and the alternating stator magnetic field has four speeds; when X=4, the value range of T is 1, 2, 4 or 8, and the alternating stator magnetic field The magnetic field has four speeds; when X=5, the value range of T is 1, 5 or 10, and the alternating stator magnetic field has three speeds; when X=6, the value range of T is 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 12, the alternating stator magnetic field has six speeds; when X=8, the value range of T is 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16, and the alternating stator magnetic field has five speeds.

In the setting mode of each yoke winding, any section of yoke winding is changed from the original positive yoke winding to the current negative yoke winding, and in each energization mode of the multi-speed single-phase method, the original yoke winding is The original alternating current that enters is correspondingly changed into the new alternating current that the current negative yoke portion winding feeds and the phase of the original single-phase alternating current is staggered by 180 degrees, then the present invention remains unchanged.

To sum up, in the present invention, the stator has 4*1 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has one speed according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has two speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*2 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has three speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*3 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has four speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*4 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has three speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has four speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*5 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has three speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*6 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has three speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has six speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has 4*8 phase armature windings, the rotating stator magnetic field has four speeds according to the multi-speed split phase method, and the alternating stator magnetic field has five speeds according to the multi-speed alternating method. The stator has more phase armature windings, its multi-speed split-phase method and multi-speed alternating method can be deduced in the same way, the speed number of its rotating stator magnetic field and the speed number of its alternating stator magnetic field can be deduced like this. Obviously, the present invention can abandon the partial energization mode of the multi-speed single-phase method, and become a motor with less stator magnetic field speed. For example: when matching with the synchronous reluctance rotor, the energization methods of each multi-speed alternating method are abandoned, the number of stator pole pairs is equal to the number of rotor pole pairs of the synchronous reluctance rotor, and only one of the multi-speed split phase method is retained For the power-on method, refer to Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 4.

The rotor includes cage-shaped induction rotor, synchronous reluctance rotor and hysteresis rotor, all of which are mature technologies, and one of them is used as the rotor. The cage induction rotor consists of a rotor core, a cage coil and a rotor shaft. The synchronous reluctance rotor consists of multi-layer steel sheets, multi-layer insulation layers, cage coils and rotor shaft. A hysteresis rotor consists of a hysteresis body and a rotor shaft. The cage coil is composed of a front ring, a rear ring and cage guide bars; the specific number of cage guide bars is optimized according to actual needs. The number of rotor pole pairs for cage-shaped induction rotors and hysteresis rotors is automatically equal to the number of stator pole pairs. The number of rotor pole pairs of the synchronous reluctance rotor does not change.

The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply, and the control mechanism controls each yoke winding to be connected to a single-phase alternating current. Hard switching or soft switching can be used in the control circuit, and single-phase AC power or single-phase inverter power can be used for single-phase power supply. The supporting components, casing and control mechanism adopt mature technology.

For the control mechanism, see Figure 5 for a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with eight-phase yoke windings. In Figure 5, the control circuit controls each yoke winding to be connected to a single-phase power supply. Select one of the four currents of +A-phase AC, +B-phase AC, -A-phase AC or -B-phase AC. Taking the control circuit of the +b yoke winding as an example, the two switches arranged side by side with a dotted line at the top to indicate that they have a linkage relationship with each other are double switches, and the double switch is closed to the left to indicate that +A-phase AC or +B-phase AC is connected. When the double switch is closed to the right, it means that -A phase AC or -B phase AC is connected; when the lower single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding and capacitor are connected in series, which means that +B AC or -B phase AC is connected, and the single switch is closed to the right. When the capacitor is shorted, it means that the +A phase AC or -A phase AC is connected; it is a mature technology to make the +B phase AC phase lead the +A phase AC phase by 90 degrees through the series capacitor. When the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the right, the yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC; when the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding is supplied to the +B phase AC; When the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the right, the yoke winding is connected to the -A phase AC; when the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding is supplied to the -B phase AC. The control circuit shown in FIG. 5 is only one of the mature technical solutions, and the control circuit may also adopt other mature technical solutions, such as the technical solution shown in FIG. 6 . When the eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor adopts the multi-speed split-phase method, the rotating stator magnetic field has two speeds (absolute values), which can be used for the rotor to start and run clockwise or counterclockwise. As far as the alternating stator magnetic field is concerned, there are three speeds for the rotor to continue running in the original running direction; the motor is very versatile.

Stator, cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting parts, housing and control mechanism form a yoke-winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor. Stator, synchronous reluctance rotor, support components, casing and control mechanism constitute a yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor, which is convenient to switch between forward and reverse rotation and has rich functions. Stator, hysteresis rotor, supporting components, casing and control mechanism form a yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC hysteresis motor; this hysteresis motor abandons the multi-speed alternating method and retains the multi-speed split phase method. When the number of phases is greater than eight, it is a variable-speed hysteresis motor in which the number of stator pole pairs can be changed.

In traditional AC induction pole-changing motors, the armature windings of each phase are wound around the teeth of the stator core to form tooth windings, and each tooth winding directly forms magnetic poles and finally forms the stator magnetic field. The pole-changing control is switched by switching the current of the tooth windings The number of pole pairs and speed of the stator magnetic field, the stator magnetic field has only two rated speeds. Yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor, the armature windings of each phase are wound around the yoke of the stator core to form a yoke winding, which enriches the stator structure; each yoke winding forms a yoke magnetic flux aggregation to form a magnetic pole and finally forms a stator magnetic field, innovative The formation mechanism of the stator magnetic field is clarified; using the multi-speed single-phase method, under the condition that the frequency of the single-phase alternating current is constant, the stator magnetic field has multiple speeds by switching the power-on mode of the multi-speed single-phase method, and the motor function is increased. The advantage of the multi-speed single-phase AC motor with yoke windings is that the efficiency of forming the stator magnetic field is high due to the magnetic flux gathering effect of the yoke to form the magnetic poles. Since there are only yoke windings in the same direction on the same section of the yoke, and there are no yoke windings in different directions, there is no mutual interference and the efficiency is high. Since only half of the part of the yoke winding parallel to the motor shaft is arranged in the slot, the depth of the slot needs to be shallow, the height of the teeth is relatively short, and the self-weight is light. The invention innovates the structure of the motor, innovates the formation mechanism of the stator magnetic field, and increases the function of the motor. There wasn't an identical motor before this one.

The stator core, high magnetic flux material, yoke, tooth, pole, tooth height, slot depth, magnetic pole, aggregation, stator magnetic field, pole pair number, frequency, speed, split phase and alternation are all Mature technology. The wires, windings, windings, armature windings, tooth windings, connections and electrical phases are all well-established technologies.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor, which is also one of the schematic diagrams of Embodiment 1. FIG. In the figure, 1 is the yoke of the stator core, 2 is the winding of the yoke, there are eight sections (a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h) in total, 3 is the teeth of the stator core, and 4 is the rotor. 5 is a cage guide bar.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with twelve-phase yoke windings, which is also one of the schematic diagrams of Embodiment 3. FIG. In the figure, 1 is the stator core yoke, 2 is the yoke winding, there are twelve segments (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k and l) in total, and 3 is the stator Iron core teeth, 4 is the rotor, 5 is the cage guide bar.

3 is a sectional view of a multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with sixteen-phase yoke windings, which is also one of the schematic diagrams of Embodiment 5. In the figure, 1 is the stator core yoke, 2 is the yoke winding, there are (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o and p) A total of sixteen sections, 3 for the teeth of the stator core, 4 for the rotor, 5 for the cage guide bar.

4 is a sectional view of a multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with four-phase yoke windings, which is also one of the schematic diagrams of the sixth embodiment. In the figure, 1 is the stator core yoke, 2 is the yoke winding, there are four sections (a, b, c and d) in total, 3 is the stator core teeth, 4 is the rotor, and 5 is the cage bar.

Fig. 5 is one of the schematic diagrams of the control circuit of the eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor, which is also the second schematic diagram of the first embodiment. The eight-phase yoke winding circuits in the figure have the same form.

Fig. 6 is the second schematic diagram of the control circuit of the eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor, which is also the third schematic diagram of the first embodiment. In the eight-phase yoke winding circuit in the figure, the circuit forms of phase a, phase e and phase h are relatively simplified.

FIG. 7 is one of the schematic diagrams of the control circuit of the multi-speed single-phase AC motor with twelve-phase yoke windings, and it is also the second schematic diagram of the third embodiment. The circuit form of the twelve-phase yoke windings in the figure is the same.

FIG. 8 is the second schematic diagram of the control circuit of the multi-speed single-phase AC motor with twelve-phase yoke windings, which is also the third schematic diagram of the third embodiment. In the twelve-phase yoke winding circuit in the figure, the circuit forms of a-phase, c-phase, g-phase, i-phase and l-phase are relatively simplified.

FIG. 9 is one of the schematic diagrams of the control circuit of the sixteen-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor, which is also the second schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment. The circuit form of the sixteen-phase yoke windings in the figure is the same.

Fig. 10 is the second schematic diagram of the control circuit of the sixteen-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor, which is also the third schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment. In the sixteen-phase yoke winding circuit in the figure, the circuit forms of a-phase, e-phase, i-phase and p-phase are relatively simplified.

Fig. 11 is one of the schematic diagrams of the control circuit of the four-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor, which is also the second schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment. The circuit form of the four-phase yoke winding in the figure is the same.

Fig. 12 is the second schematic diagram of the control circuit of the multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with four-phase yoke winding, and is also the third schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment. In the four-phase yoke winding circuit in the figure, the circuit form of phase a, phase c and phase d is simpler than that of phase b.

13 is a cross-sectional view of an eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor, which is also a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2. In the figure, 1 is the yoke of the stator core, 2 is the winding of the yoke, there are eight sections (a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h) in total, 3 is the teeth of the stator core, and 4 is the multi-rotor winding. 5 layers of steel sheets, 5 is the multi-layer insulation layer of the rotor, 6 is the cage guide bar, and 7 is the rotor shaft.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of a multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor with twelve-phase yoke windings, which is also a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4. In the figure, 1 is the stator core yoke, 2 is the yoke winding, there are twelve segments (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k and l) in total, and 3 is the stator Iron core teeth, 4 is the rotor multi-layer steel sheet, 5 is the rotor multi-layer insulation layer, 6 is the cage guide bar, 7 is the rotor shaft.

In each figure, the curly brackets indicate the phase sequence number of each yoke winding. The phase sequence number is a mature technology for winding labeling. Each yoke winding is represented by a small number of turns of wires, and the actual number of turns of wires is set according to actual needs. The front end ring and the rear end ring of the cage coil are not cut, and the number of cage guide bars is set according to the actual number. Supporting parts, casing and control mechanism etc. are not drawn. Each component only shows the mutual relationship, and does not reflect the actual size.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: An eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor is composed of a stator, a cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting components, a casing, and a control mechanism.

The stator consists of a stator core and an armature winding. The stator core is made of high magnetic flux material laminated silicon steel using mature technology. The stator core is set as required, so that the eight teeth are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction towards the rotor, the yoke is in the shape of a ring parallel to the moving direction of the rotor, and the eight-segment yoke connects the eight teeth to form the stator core.

The armature winding has eight phases, and each phase of the armature winding uses electric wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a section of yoke winding, which is arranged along the yoke. The positive and negative of each section of yoke winding is determined according to the yoke orientation method. The setting method of each yoke winding: on the 8-segment yoke in front of the base, 8-segment yoke windings are arranged in sequence according to the phase sequence number, which is the first phase positive yoke winding (+a), the second phase positive yoke winding ( +b), 3rd phase positive yoke winding (+c), 4th phase positive yoke winding (+d), 5th phase positive yoke winding (+e), 6th phase positive yoke winding (+f ), the 7th phase positive yoke winding (+g) and the 8th phase positive yoke winding (+h). See Figure 1.

The armature winding is connected to single-phase alternating current according to the multi-speed single-phase method. The multi-speed single-phase method includes the multi-speed split-phase method and the multi-speed alternating method. Let P be the stator pole logarithm of the multi-speed split-phase method, let Q be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each split-phase branch, and both P and Q are natural numbers, so that 4*Q*P=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into P groups, each group has 4*Q section yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, and each group is numbered clockwise. No., No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a Q segment yoke winding. The multi-speed split-phase method is: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +B phase AC, and the third split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -A phase Alternating current, the No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs. With the single-phase alternating current The electrical phase changes to form a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of P; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A-phase alternating current, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the third The No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC. The yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase yoke windings gathers to form a pair of pole pairs Number of teeth magnetic flux, along with the phase change of single-phase alternating current, forms a rotating stator magnetic field with clockwise rotation of pole pairs P.

When P=1, Q=2, starting from the base, divide 4*2 sections of yoke windings into 1 group, each group has 4*2 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, along the The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has 2 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding and +b yoke The first winding is connected to +A phase alternating current, the +c yoke winding and +d yoke winding are connected to +B phase alternating current, the +e yoke winding and +f yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, and the +g yoke winding And the +h yoke winding is fed with -B phase alternating current, with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise rotation pole pair number of 1 is formed; when the +a yoke winding and the +b yoke winding are connected Input +A phase AC current, +c yoke winding and +d yoke winding input -B phase AC current, +e yoke winding and +f yoke winding input -A phase AC current, +g yoke winding and +h The yoke winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise pole pair number of 1 is formed. When P=2, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 4*2 sections of yoke windings into 2 groups, each group has 4*1 sections of yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches. The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn, and each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the second power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding and +e yoke The first winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the +b yoke winding and the +f yoke winding are connected to the +B phase AC, the +c yoke winding and the +g yoke winding are connected to the -A phase AC, and the +d yoke winding And the +h yoke winding is fed with -B phase alternating current, with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise rotation pole pair number of 2 is formed; when the +a yoke winding and the +e yoke winding are connected Input +A phase AC, +b yoke winding and +f yoke winding are connected to -B phase AC, +c yoke winding and +g yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC, +d yoke winding and +h The yoke winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with clockwise rotating pole pairs of 2 is formed. These two rotating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotor to start and run; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the rotating stator magnetic field speed.

Let R be the number of stator pole pairs of the multi-speed alternating method, let T be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each alternating branch, R and T are both natural numbers, so that 2*T*R=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into R groups, each group has 2*T section yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, numbered clockwise and each branch is a single Number and double number, each alternating branch has a T-section yoke winding. The multi-speed alternating method is: the single-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the +A phase alternating current, the double-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the -A phase alternating current, and the yoke formed by every two alternating branch yoke windings The magnetic flux gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with pole pairs R is formed.

When R=1, Q=4, starting from the base, divide 4*2 sections of yoke windings into 1 group, each group has 2*4 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, along The hour hand is coded into odd numbers and even numbers in turn, and each alternating branch has 4 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c yoke The first winding and the +d yoke winding are connected to the +A phase AC, the +e yoke winding, the +f yoke winding, the +g yoke winding and the +h yoke winding are connected to the -A phase AC. The electrical phase changes to form an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 1. When R=2, Q=2, from the base, divide the 4*2 yoke windings into 2 groups, each group has 2*2 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, along the The hour hand is coded into odd numbers and even numbers in sequence, and each alternating branch has two sections of yoke windings; the second energization method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +e yoke The first winding and the +f yoke winding are connected to the +A phase AC, and the +c yoke winding, the +d yoke winding, the +g yoke winding and the +h yoke winding are connected to the -A phase AC. With the single-phase AC The electrical phase changes to form an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 2. When R=4, Q=1, from the base, divide the 4*2 sections of yoke windings into 4 groups, each group has 2*1 sections of yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches. The hour hand is coded into odd numbers and even numbers in turn, and each alternating branch has a section of yoke winding; the third power supply method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +c yoke winding, +e yoke The first winding and the +g yoke winding are connected to the +A phase AC, and the +b yoke winding, the +d yoke winding, the +f yoke winding and the +h yoke winding are connected to the -A phase AC. With the single-phase AC The electrical phase changes to form an alternating stator magnetic field with 4 pole pairs. These three alternating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotating rotor to run continuously; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the speed of the alternating stator magnetic field.

The motor in this embodiment is a three-speed motor, obviously, part of the multi-speed single-phase method and part of the stator magnetic field speed can be abandoned to become a two-speed motor or a single-speed motor.

The rotor adopts a cage-shaped induction rotor, which is composed of a rotor core, a cage-shaped coil and a rotor shaft. The cage-shaped coil is composed of a front ring, a rear-end ring and a cage guide bar. The number of rotor pole pairs is automatically equal to the number of stator pole pairs. The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply. The control circuit adopts a hard switch, and the power supply adopts a single-phase AC power supply. The cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism adopt mature technology.

The control circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in Figure 5. In Figure 5, the control circuit controls the connection between each yoke winding and the single-phase power supply. One of the four currents, the alternating current or the -B phase alternating current, is passed in respectively. Taking the control circuit of the +b yoke winding as an example, the two switches arranged side by side with a dotted line at the top to indicate that they have a linkage relationship with each other are double switches, and the double switch is closed to the left to indicate that +A-phase AC or +B-phase AC is connected. When the double switch is closed to the right, it means that -A phase AC or -B phase AC is connected; when the lower single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding and capacitor are connected in series, which means that +B AC or -B phase AC is connected, and the single switch is closed to the right. When the capacitor is shorted, it means that the +A phase AC or -A phase AC is connected; it is a mature technology to make the +B phase AC phase lead the +A phase AC phase by 90 degrees through the series capacitor. When the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the right, the +A phase AC power is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the left, the +B phase AC is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the right When the switch is closed and the single switch is closed to the right, the -A phase alternating current is passed; when the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the left, the -B phase alternating current is passed. The control circuit shown in FIG. 5 may also adopt other mature technical solutions. For example: using the above two multi-speed split phase methods and the above three multi-speed alternating methods, the +a yoke winding is always connected to the +A phase AC, and its control circuit can be simplified, without double switches and single switches and capacitance; the +e yoke winding only needs to be connected to +A phase AC and -A phase AC, and its control circuit can be simplified without a single switch and capacitor; +h yoke winding only needs to be connected to -A phase AC and - For B-phase alternating current, its control circuit can be simplified without double switch. See Figure 6 for the simplified control circuit diagram.

The motor in this embodiment has two rotating stator magnetic field speeds for starting or running, and three alternating stator magnetic field speeds for continuous operation of the rotating rotor, and has more functions than traditional AC induction pole-changing motors.

Embodiment 2: An eight-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor is composed of a stator, a synchronous reluctance rotor, a supporting component, a casing, and a control mechanism. See Figure 13.

Stator is exactly the same as embodiment 1.

The armature winding is exactly the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the arrangement of each yoke winding is completely the same as that of Embodiment 1.

The multi-speed single-phase method is exactly the same as in Embodiment 1. The multi-fast phase splitting method is exactly the same as in Example 1.

This embodiment abandons the first kind of energization mode of the multi-speed splitting method in embodiment 1, and retains the second kind of energization mode of the multi-speed splitting method in embodiment 1 as the energization method of the multi-speed splitting method of the present embodiment. That is: when P=2, Q=1, from the base, divide the 4*2 sections of yoke windings into 2 groups, each group has 4*1 sections of yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches , clockwise into No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the second power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding and + The e yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the +b yoke winding and the +f yoke winding are connected to the +B phase AC, the +c yoke winding and the +g yoke winding are connected to the -A phase AC, and the +d yoke The first winding and the +h yoke winding are fed with -B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise rotation of pole pairs of 2 is formed; when the +a yoke winding and the +e yoke Windings are connected to +A phase AC, +b yoke winding and +f yoke winding are connected to -B phase AC, +c yoke winding and +g yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC, +d yoke winding and +f yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC. The +h yoke winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotating pole pair number of 2 is formed. This rotating stator magnetic field can drive the synchronous reluctance rotor to start and run.

This embodiment abandons the various energization modes of the multi-speed alternating method in Embodiment 1.

The rotor adopts synchronous reluctance rotor, which is composed of multi-layer steel sheet, multi-layer insulation layer, cage winding and rotor shaft. The cage coil is composed of front ring, rear end ring and cage guide bar. The number of rotor pole pairs is equal to the number of stator pole pairs equal to 2. The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply. The control circuit adopts a hard switch, and the power supply adopts a single-phase AC power supply. The synchronous reluctance rotor, supporting components, casing and control mechanism adopt mature technology.

The schematic diagram of the control circuit of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of Embodiment 1.

The motor in this embodiment is a motor that can rotate forward or reverse at a single speed. When the motor is started, the cage winding on the synchronous reluctance rotor and the magnetic field of the rotating stator form a starting torque. The synchronous reluctance rotor enters synchronous operation after a high speed, and the synchronous speed of the rotor is the speed of the magnetic field of the rotating stator.

Embodiment 3: A multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor with twelve-phase yoke windings is composed of a stator, a cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting components, a casing, and a control mechanism.

The stator consists of a stator core and an armature winding. The stator core is made of high magnetic flux material laminated silicon steel using mature technology. The stator core is set as required so that the twelve teeth are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction towards the rotor, the yoke is in the shape of a ring parallel to the moving direction of the rotor, and the twelve segments of the yoke connect the twelve teeth to form the stator core.

The armature winding has twelve phases, and each phase of the armature winding uses electric wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a section of yoke winding, which is arranged along the yoke. The positive and negative of each section of yoke winding is determined according to the yoke orientation method. The setting method of each yoke winding: on the 12-segment yoke in front of the base pole, the 12-segment yoke windings are arranged in sequence according to the phase sequence number, which is the first phase positive yoke winding (+a), the second phase positive yoke winding ( +b), 3rd phase positive yoke winding (+c), 4th phase positive yoke winding (+d), 5th phase positive yoke winding (+e), 6th phase positive yoke winding (+f ), the 7th phase positive yoke winding (+g), the 8th phase positive yoke winding (+h), the 9th phase positive yoke winding (+i), the 10th phase positive yoke winding (+j), The 11th phase positive yoke winding (+k) and the 12th phase positive yoke winding (+l). See Figure 2.

The armature winding is connected to single-phase alternating current according to the multi-speed single-phase method, and the multi-speed single-phase method includes the multi-speed split-phase method and the multi-speed alternating method. Let P be the stator pole logarithm of the multi-speed split-phase method, let Q be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each split-phase branch, and both P and Q are natural numbers, so that 4*Q*P=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into P groups, each group has 4*Q section yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, and each group is numbered clockwise. No., No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a Q segment yoke winding. The multi-speed split-phase method is: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +B phase AC, and the third split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -A phase Alternating current, the No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs. With the single-phase alternating current The electrical phase changes to form a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of P; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A-phase alternating current, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the third The No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC. The yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase yoke windings gathers to form a pair of pole pairs Number of teeth magnetic flux, along with the phase change of single-phase alternating current, forms a rotating stator magnetic field with clockwise rotation of pole pairs P.

When P=1, Q=3, from the base, divide the 4*3 sections of yoke windings into 1 group, each group has 4*3 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, along the The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has 3 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke The first winding and +c yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, the +d yoke winding, +e yoke winding and +f yoke winding are connected to +B phase AC, +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding The +i yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the +j yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to -B phase AC. As the phase of the single-phase AC changes, a counterclockwise rotation is formed. The rotating stator magnetic field with the number of pole pairs is 1; when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding and +c yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +d yoke winding, +e yoke winding and +f The yoke winding is connected to -B phase alternating current, the +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding and +i yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, the +j yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke The winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotation of pole pairs of 1 is formed. When P=3, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 4*3 segment yoke windings into 3 groups, each group has 4*1 segment yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches. The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the second energization method of the multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, +e yoke The first winding and +i yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, the +b yoke winding, +f yoke winding and +j yoke winding are connected to +B phase AC, +c yoke winding, +g yoke winding The +k yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the +d yoke winding, +h yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to -B phase AC. As the phase of the single-phase AC changes, a counterclockwise rotation is formed. The number of pole pairs is 3 and the rotating stator magnetic field; when the +a yoke winding, +e yoke winding and +i yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, the +b yoke winding, +f yoke winding and +j The yoke winding is connected to -B phase alternating current, the +c yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +k yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, the +d yoke winding, +h yoke winding and +l yoke The winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotation of three pole pairs is formed. These two rotating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotor to start and run; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the rotating stator magnetic field speed.

Let R be the number of stator pole pairs of the multi-speed alternating method, let T be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each alternating branch, R and T are both natural numbers, so that 2*T*R=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into R groups, each group has 2*T section yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, numbered clockwise and each branch is a single Number and double number, each alternating branch has a T-section yoke winding. The multi-speed alternating method is: the single-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the double-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the -A phase alternating current, and the yoke formed by every two alternating branch yoke windings The magnetic flux gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with pole pairs R is formed.

When R=1, Q=6, starting from the base, divide the 12-section yoke windings into one group, each group has 12 sections of yoke windings, and each group is divided into two alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has 6 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c yoke winding, + The d yoke winding, +e yoke winding and +f yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +i yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke The first winding and the +1 yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 1 is formed. When R=2, Q=3, starting from the base, divide the 12-segment yoke winding into 2 groups, each group has 6 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has 3 segments of yoke windings; the second energization method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c yoke winding, + The g yoke winding, +h yoke winding and +i yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +d yoke winding, +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke The first winding and the +1 yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 2 is formed. When R=3, Q=2, starting from the base, divide the 12-segment yoke winding into 3 groups, each group has 4 yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, clockwise sequentially compiled as For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has two sections of yoke windings; the third power supply mode of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +e yoke winding, + f yoke winding, +i yoke winding and +j yoke winding are connected to +A phase alternating current, +c yoke winding, +d yoke winding, +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +k yoke The first winding and the +1 yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 3 is formed. When R=6, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 12-segment yoke winding into 6 groups, each group has 2 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has a yoke winding; the fourth power supply method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +c yoke winding, +e yoke winding, + The g yoke winding, +i yoke winding and +k yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +b yoke winding, +d yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +j yoke The first winding and the +l yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with 6 pole pairs is formed. These four alternating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotating rotor to run continuously; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the speed of the alternating stator magnetic field.

The motor of this embodiment is a four-speed motor, obviously, part of the multi-speed single-phase method and part of the stator magnetic field speed can be abandoned to become a three-speed motor, a two-speed motor or a single-speed motor.

The control circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in Figure 7. In Figure 7, the control circuit controls the connection between each yoke winding and the single-phase power supply. One of the four currents of alternating current or -B-phase alternating current is passed. Taking the control circuit of the +b yoke winding as an example, the two switches arranged side by side with a dotted line at the top to indicate that they have a linkage relationship with each other are double switches, and the double switch is closed to the left to indicate that +A-phase AC or +B-phase AC is connected. When the double switch is closed to the right, it means that -A phase AC or -B phase AC is connected; when the lower single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding and capacitor are connected in series, which means that +B AC or -B phase AC is connected, and the single switch is closed to the right. When the capacitor is shorted, it means that the +A phase AC or -A phase AC is connected; it is a mature technology to make the +B phase AC phase lead the +A phase AC phase by 90 degrees through the series capacitor. When the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the right, the +A phase AC power is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the left, the +B phase AC is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the right When the switch is closed and the single switch is closed to the right, the -A phase alternating current is passed; when the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the left, the -B phase alternating current is passed. The control circuit shown in FIG. 7 can also adopt other mature technical solutions. For example: using the above two multi-speed split phase methods and the above four multi-speed alternating methods, the +a yoke winding is always connected to the +A phase alternating current, and its control circuit can be simplified, without double switch and single switch and capacitance; +c yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +i yoke winding only need to be connected to +A phase AC and -A phase AC, and the control circuit can be simplified without a single switch and capacitor; +l yoke The external winding only needs to be connected to -A phase AC and -B phase AC, and its control circuit can be simplified without double switch. See Figure 8 for the simplified control circuit diagram.

The motor in this embodiment has two rotating stator magnetic field speeds for starting or running, and four alternating stator magnetic field speeds for continuous operation of the rotating rotor, and has more functions than traditional AC induction pole-changing motors.

Embodiment 4: A multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motor with 12-phase yoke windings is composed of a stator, a synchronous reluctance rotor, a supporting component, a casing, and a control mechanism. See Figure 14.

Stator is exactly the same as embodiment 3.

The armature winding is exactly the same as that of Embodiment 3, and the arrangement of each yoke winding is exactly the same as that of Embodiment 3.

The multi-speed single-phase method is exactly the same as embodiment 3. The multi-fast phase splitting method is exactly the same as in Example 3.

The present embodiment abandons the first energization mode of the multi-speed split phase method in embodiment 3, and retains the second energization mode of the multi-speed split phase method in embodiment 3 as the energization mode of the multi-speed split phase method of the present embodiment. That is: when P=3, Q=1, from the base, divide the 4*3 yoke windings into 3 groups, each group has 4*1 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches , clockwise into No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the second power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, + The e yoke winding and the +i yoke winding are connected to the +A phase alternating current, the +b yoke winding, the +f yoke winding and the +j yoke winding are connected to the +B phase alternating current, the +c yoke winding and the +g yoke The first winding and the +k yoke winding are connected to the -A phase alternating current, and the +d yoke winding, the +h yoke winding and the +l yoke winding are connected to the -B phase alternating current. As the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, an inverse The rotating stator magnetic field with the number of pole pairs rotated by the hour hand is 3; when +a yoke winding, +e yoke winding and +i yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +b yoke winding, +f yoke winding and +j yoke winding is connected to -B phase alternating current, +c yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +k yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, +d yoke winding, +h yoke winding and +l The yoke winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with three pole pairs rotating clockwise is formed. This rotating stator magnetic field can drive the synchronous reluctance rotor to start and run.

This embodiment abandons the various power supply modes of the multi-speed alternating method in the third embodiment.

The rotor adopts synchronous reluctance rotor, which is composed of multi-layer steel sheet, multi-layer insulation layer, cage winding and rotor shaft. The cage coil is composed of front ring, rear end ring and cage guide bar. The number of rotor pole pairs is equal to the number of stator pole pairs equal to 3. The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply. The control circuit adopts a hard switch, and the power supply adopts a single-phase AC power supply. The synchronous reluctance rotor, supporting components, casing and control mechanism adopt mature technology.

The schematic diagram of the control circuit of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of Embodiment 3.

Embodiment 5: A sixteen-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor is composed of a stator, a cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting components, a casing, and a control mechanism.

The stator consists of a stator core and an armature winding. The stator core is made of high magnetic flux material laminated silicon steel using mature technology. The stator core is set as required, so that the sixteen teeth are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction towards the rotor, the yoke is in the shape of a ring parallel to the moving direction of the rotor, and the sixteen segments of the yoke are connected to the sixteen teeth to form the stator core.

The armature winding has sixteen phases, and each phase of the armature winding uses wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a section of yoke winding, which is arranged along the yoke. The positive and negative of each section of yoke winding is determined according to the yoke orientation method. The setting method of each yoke winding: on the 16-segment yoke in front of the base, 16-segment yoke windings are arranged in sequence according to the phase sequence number, which is the first phase positive yoke winding (+a), the second phase positive yoke winding ( +b), 3rd phase positive yoke winding (+c), 4th phase positive yoke winding (+d), 5th phase positive yoke winding (+e), 6th phase positive yoke winding (+f ), the 7th phase positive yoke winding (+g), the 8th phase positive yoke winding (+h), the 9th phase positive yoke winding (+i), the 10th phase positive yoke winding (+j), The 11th phase positive yoke winding (+k), the 12th phase positive yoke winding (+l), the 13th phase positive yoke winding (+m), the 14th phase positive yoke winding (+n), the 15th Phase positive yoke winding (+o) and 16th phase positive yoke winding (+p). See Figure 3.

The armature winding is connected to single-phase alternating current according to the multi-speed single-phase method. The multi-speed single-phase method includes the multi-speed split-phase method and the multi-speed alternating method. Let P be the stator pole logarithm of multi-speed split-phase method, let Q be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each split-phase branch, P and Q are both natural numbers, so that 4*Q*P=4*X. Starting from the base, divide the 4*X section yoke winding clockwise into P groups, each group has 4*Q section yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, and each group is numbered clockwise. No., No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a Q segment yoke winding. The multi-speed split-phase method is: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +B phase AC, and the third split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -A phase Alternating current, the No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of tooth fluxes with pole pairs. With the single-phase alternating current The electrical phase changes to form a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of P; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A-phase alternating current, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, and the third The No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the No. 4 split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC. The yoke magnetic flux formed by each of the four split-phase yoke windings gathers to form a pair of pole pairs Number of teeth magnetic flux, along with the phase change of single-phase alternating current, forms a rotating stator magnetic field with clockwise rotation of pole pairs P.

When P=1, Q=4, starting from the base, divide 4*4 segments of yoke windings into 1 group, each group has 4*4 segments of yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split-phase branches, sequentially The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has 4 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke The first winding, +c yoke winding and +d yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, and the +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +h yoke winding are connected to +B phase AC , +i yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, +m yoke winding, +n yoke winding, +o yoke winding and + The p yoke winding is fed with -B phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of 1 is formed; when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c The yoke winding and +d yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, the +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +h yoke winding are connected to -B phase AC, and the +i yoke Winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC, +m yoke winding, +n yoke winding, +o yoke winding and +p yoke winding are connected to When the +B-phase alternating current is input, as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotation of pole pairs of 1 is formed. When P=2, Q=2, starting from the base, divide the 4*4 yoke windings into 2 groups, each group has 4*2 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, along the The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has 2 sections of yoke windings; the second power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke The first winding, +i yoke winding and +j yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, and the +c yoke winding, +d yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to +B phase AC , +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +m yoke winding and +n yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +o yoke winding and + The p yoke winding is fed with -B phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a counterclockwise pole pair number of 2 is formed; when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +i The yoke winding and the +j yoke winding are connected to the +A phase AC, the +c yoke winding, the +d yoke winding, the +k yoke winding and the +l yoke winding are connected to the -B phase AC, and the +e yoke Winding, +f yoke winding, +m yoke winding and +n yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC, +g yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +o yoke winding and +p yoke winding are connected to Inputting +B-phase alternating current, along with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, forms a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotating pole pair number of 2. When P=4, Q=1, from the base, divide the 4*4 sections of yoke windings into 4 groups, each group has 4*1 sections of yoke windings, and each group is divided into 4 split phase branches. The hour hand is numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 in turn. Each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the third power-on method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding, +e yoke The first winding, +i yoke winding and +m yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, and the +b yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +j yoke winding and +n yoke winding are connected to +B phase AC , +c yoke winding, +g yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +o yoke winding are connected to -A phase alternating current, +d yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +l yoke winding and + The p yoke winding is fed with -B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with 4 pole pairs rotating counterclockwise is formed; when +a yoke winding, +e yoke winding, +i The yoke winding and the +m yoke winding are connected to the +A phase AC, the +b yoke winding, the +f yoke winding, the +j yoke winding and the +n yoke winding are connected to the -B phase AC, and the +c yoke Winding, +g yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +o yoke winding are connected to -A phase AC, +d yoke winding, +h yoke winding, +l yoke winding and +p yoke winding are connected to When the +B phase AC is input, as the phase of the single-phase AC changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotation of pole pairs of 4 is formed. These three rotating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotor to start and run; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the rotating stator magnetic field speed.

When R=1, Q=8, starting from the base, divide the 16-segment yoke winding into 1 group, each group has 16 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has 8 sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c yoke winding, + The d yoke winding, +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +g yoke winding and +h yoke winding are fed with +A phase alternating current, +i yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke The first winding, the +l yoke winding, the +m yoke winding, the +n yoke winding, the +o yoke winding and the +p yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a pole Alternating stator magnetic field with a logarithm of 1. When R=2, Q=4, starting from the base, divide the 16-segment yoke winding into 2 groups, each group has 8 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has 4 segments of yoke windings; the second power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +c yoke winding, + d yoke winding, +i yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +k yoke winding and +l yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, +e yoke winding, +f yoke winding, +g yoke The first winding, the +h yoke winding, the +m yoke winding, the +n yoke winding, the +o yoke winding and the +p yoke winding are fed with -A-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a pole Alternating stator magnetic field with a logarithm of 2. When R=4, Q=2, starting from the base, divide the 16-segment yoke winding into 4 groups, each group has 4 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has two sections of yoke windings; the third power supply mode of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +b yoke winding, +e yoke winding, + f yoke winding, +i yoke winding, +j yoke winding, +m yoke winding and +n yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, +c yoke winding, +d yoke winding, +g yoke The first winding, the +h yoke winding, the +k yoke winding, the +l yoke winding, the +o yoke winding and the +p yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a pole Alternating stator magnetic field with a logarithm of 4. When R=8, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 16-segment yoke winding into 8 groups, each group has 2 yoke windings, and each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, which are sequentially compiled clockwise For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has a yoke winding; the fourth power supply method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding, +c yoke winding, +e yoke winding, + g yoke winding, +i yoke winding, +k yoke winding, +m yoke winding and +o yoke winding are connected to +A phase AC, +b yoke winding, +d yoke winding, +f yoke The first winding, the +h yoke winding, the +j yoke winding, the +l yoke winding, the +n yoke winding and the +p yoke winding are fed with -A-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a pole Alternating stator magnetic field with a logarithm of 8. These four alternating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotating rotor to run continuously; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the speed of the alternating stator magnetic field.

The motor in this embodiment is a four-speed motor. Obviously, part of the multi-speed single-phase method and part of the stator magnetic field speed can be abandoned to become a three-speed motor, a two-speed motor or a single-speed motor.

The rotor is a cage-shaped induction rotor, which is composed of a rotor core, a cage-shaped coil and a rotor shaft. The cage-shaped coil is composed of a front ring, a rear-end ring and a cage guide bar. The number of rotor pole pairs is automatically equal to the number of stator pole pairs. The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply. The control circuit adopts a hard switch, and the power supply adopts a single-phase AC power supply. The cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism adopt mature technology.

The control circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in Figure 9. In Figure 9, the control circuit controls the connection between each yoke winding and the single-phase power supply. One of the four currents of alternating current or -B-phase alternating current is passed. Taking the control circuit of the +b yoke winding as an example, the two switches arranged side by side with a dotted line at the top to indicate that they have a linkage relationship with each other are double switches, and the double switch is closed to the left to indicate that +A-phase AC or +B-phase AC is connected. When the double switch is closed to the right, it means that -A phase AC or -B phase AC is connected; when the lower single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding and capacitor are connected in series, which means that +B AC or -B phase AC is connected, and the single switch is closed to the right. When the capacitor is shorted, it means that the +A phase AC or -A phase AC is connected; it is a mature technology to make the +B phase AC phase lead the +A phase AC phase by 90 degrees through the series capacitor. When the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the right, the yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC; when the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding is supplied to the +B phase AC; When the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the right, the yoke winding is connected to the -A phase AC; when the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding is supplied to the -B phase AC. The control circuit shown in FIG. 9 may also adopt other mature technical solutions. For example: using the above three multi-speed split phase methods and the above four multi-speed alternating methods, the +a yoke winding is always connected to the +A phase alternating current, and its control circuit can be simplified, without double switches and single switches and capacitance; +e yoke winding and +i yoke winding only need to be connected to +A phase AC and -A phase AC, and the control circuit can be simplified without a single switch and capacitor; +p yoke winding only needs to be connected to -A-phase alternating current and -B-phase alternating current, the control circuit can be simplified without double switch. See Figure 10 for the simplified control circuit diagram.

The motor in this embodiment has three rotating stator magnetic field speeds for starting or running, and four alternating stator magnetic field speeds for continuous operation of the rotating rotor, and has more functions than traditional AC induction pole-changing motors.

Embodiment 6: A four-phase yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motor is composed of a stator, a cage-shaped induction rotor, a supporting component, a casing, and a control mechanism.

The stator consists of a stator core and an armature winding. The stator core is made of high magnetic flux material laminated silicon steel using mature technology. The stator core is set as required, so that the four teeth are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction towards the rotor, the yoke is in the shape of a ring parallel to the moving direction of the rotor, and the four segments of the yoke are connected to the four teeth to form the stator core.

The armature winding has four phases, and each phase of the armature winding uses electric wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a section of yoke winding, which is arranged along the yoke. The positive and negative of each section of yoke winding is determined according to the yoke orientation method. The setting method of each yoke winding: 4 sections of yoke windings are arranged on the 4 sections of yoke in front of the base according to the sequence of phase numbers, which are the first phase positive yoke winding (+a), the second phase positive yoke winding ( +b), the 3rd phase positive yoke winding (+c) and the 4th phase positive yoke winding (+d). See Figure 4.

When P=1, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 4-section yoke windings into one group, each group has 4 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split-phase branches, and they are sequentially compiled clockwise No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, each split-phase branch has a section of yoke winding; the first power supply method of multi-speed split-phase method is: when +a yoke winding is connected to +A phase AC, + The b yoke winding is connected to the +B phase alternating current, the +c yoke winding is connected to the -A phase alternating current, and the +d yoke winding is connected to the -B phase alternating current. With the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, a counterclockwise rotation pole is formed. Rotating stator magnetic field with a logarithm of 1; when the +a yoke winding is connected to +A phase AC, the +b yoke winding is connected to -B phase AC, the +c yoke winding is connected to -A phase AC, and the +d yoke The winding is fed with +B-phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, a rotating stator magnetic field with a clockwise rotation of pole pairs of 1 is formed. This rotating stator magnetic field can drive the rotor to start and run; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the rotating stator magnetic field speed.

When R=1, Q=2, starting from the base, divide the 4-section yoke windings into 1 group, each group has 4 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, clockwise sequentially compiled as For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has two sections of yoke windings; the first power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when the +a yoke winding and +b yoke winding are supplied with +A-phase alternating current, + The c yoke winding and the +d yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 1 is formed. When R=2, Q=1, starting from the base, divide the 4-section yoke windings into 2 groups, each group has 2 sections of yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, clockwise sequentially compiled as For odd numbers and even numbers, each alternating branch has a section of yoke winding; the second power-on method of the multi-speed alternating method is: when +a yoke winding and +c yoke winding are supplied with +A-phase alternating current, + The b yoke winding and the +d yoke winding are fed with -A phase alternating current, and as the phase of the single-phase alternating current changes, an alternating stator magnetic field with a pole pair number of 2 is formed. These two alternating stator magnetic fields can drive the rotating rotor to run continuously; after the operation is stable, the rated speed of the rotor is close to the speed of the alternating stator magnetic field.

The motor in this embodiment is a two-speed motor, obviously, part of the multi-speed single-phase method and part of the stator magnetic field speed can be abandoned to become a single-speed motor.

The control circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in Figure 11. In Figure 11, the control circuit controls the connection between each yoke winding and the single-phase power supply. One of the four currents of alternating current or -B-phase alternating current is passed. Taking the control circuit of the +b yoke winding as an example, the two switches arranged side by side with a dotted line at the top to indicate that they have a linkage relationship with each other are double switches, and the double switch is closed to the left to indicate that +A-phase AC or +B-phase AC is connected. When the double switch is closed to the right, it means that -A phase AC or -B phase AC is connected; when the lower single switch is closed to the left, the yoke winding and capacitor are connected in series, which means that +B AC or -B phase AC is connected, and the single switch is closed to the right. When the capacitor is shorted, it means that the +A phase AC or -A phase AC is connected; it is a mature technology to make the +B phase AC phase lead the +A phase AC phase by 90 degrees through the series capacitor. When the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the right, the +A phase AC power is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the left and the single switch is closed to the left, the +B phase AC is supplied; when the double switch is closed to the right When the switch is closed and the single switch is closed to the right, the -A phase alternating current is passed; when the double switch is closed to the right and the single switch is closed to the left, the -B phase alternating current is passed. The control circuit shown in Figure 11 can also adopt other mature technical solutions. For example: using the above-mentioned multi-speed split phase method and the above-mentioned two multi-speed alternating methods, in which the +a yoke winding is always connected to the +A phase AC, the control circuit can be simplified, and there is no double switch or single switch and capacitance; the +c yoke winding only needs to be connected to +A phase AC and -A phase AC, and its control circuit can be simplified without a single switch and capacitor; +d yoke winding only needs to be connected to -A phase AC and - For B-phase alternating current, its control circuit can be simplified without double switch. See Figure 12 for the simplified control circuit diagram.

The motor in this embodiment has one rotating stator magnetic field speed for starting or running, and two alternating stator magnetic field speeds for the rotating rotor to continue running. It has the same functions as the traditional AC induction pole-changing motor.

In the above embodiments, the stator’s pole arc, tooth width, tooth height (extremely high), yoke thickness, wire diameter, number of turns, detailed properties of the rotor, and detailed properties of the control mechanism are not shown. Optimal selection adopts mature technology.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the changes and improvements of the present invention all fall into the claims. within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Yoke-winding multi-speed single-phase AC motors, including yoke-winding multi-speed single-phase AC induction motors, yoke-winding multi-speed single-phase AC synchronous reluctance motors and yoke-winding multi-speed single-phase AC hysteresis motors, consisting of stators, rotors, supporting components Composed of components such as casing, control mechanism, etc., it is characterized in that: the armature winding adopts the yoke winding and is arranged along the yoke section, and the single-phase alternating current is connected according to the multi-speed single-phase method to form a stator magnetic field with various pole pairs and multiple speeds ;

The stator is composed of stator core and armature winding. The stator core adopts mature technology, including teeth and yoke;

The armature winding includes 4*X-phase armature windings, and each phase of the armature winding uses wires to wind around the yoke of the stator core to form a yoke winding that is arranged in sections along the yoke, and the positive and negative of each section of the yoke winding are in accordance with the yoke The orientation method is determined, and the setting method of each yoke winding is as follows: select a tooth of the stator core as the base, and set 4*X section yoke windings on the 4*X section yoke in front of the base according to the phase sequence number sequence, Both are positive yoke windings;

The armature winding is connected to single-phase alternating current according to the multi-speed single-phase method. The multi-speed single-phase method includes the multi-speed split-phase method and the multi-speed alternating method; let P be the number of stator pole pairs of the multi-speed split-phase method, and let Q be The number of yoke winding segments contained in each split-phase branch, P and Q are natural numbers, so that 4*Q*P=4*X; starting from the base, divide the 4*X segment yoke windings clockwise into P groups , each group has 4*Q segment yoke windings, each group is divided into 4 split phase branches, numbered clockwise and each branch is No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4, and each split phase branch has Q segment yoke The multi-speed split-phase method is: the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to +A phase AC, the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to +B-phase AC, and the third split-phase yoke winding is connected to -A-phase alternating current, the No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -B-phase alternating current, the yoke magnetic flux formed by every four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of pole pairs of tooth magnetic flux, with The single-phase AC phase changes to form a rotating stator magnetic field with counterclockwise pole pairs of P; the first split-phase yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, and the second split-phase yoke winding is connected to the -B phase Alternating current, No. 3 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to -A phase alternating current, No. 4 split-phase branch yoke winding is connected to +B-phase alternating current, the yoke magnetic flux formed by every four split-phase branch yoke windings gathers to form a The tooth magnetic flux with the number of pole pairs changes with the phase of the single-phase alternating current to form a clockwise rotating stator magnetic field with the number of pole pairs P; when the value range of Q is a value, the multi-speed split phase method There is one power supply method, the rotating stator magnetic field has a pole logarithm and a speed (absolute value). The number of pole pairs has a variety of speeds (absolute values), and the value of each Q corresponds to a power supply method of the multi-speed split phase method, and a pole pair number and a speed corresponding to the rotating stator magnetic field; the rotating stator magnetic field at different speeds Drive the rotor to start and run;

Let R be the number of stator pole pairs of the multi-speed alternating method, let T be the number of yoke winding segments contained in each alternating branch, R and T are both natural numbers, so that 2*T*R=4*X; from the base First, divide the 4*X segment yoke winding clockwise into R groups, each group has 2*T segment yoke windings, each group is divided into 2 alternating branches, numbered clockwise and each branch is single number and double number, each alternating branch has a T segment yoke winding; the multi-speed alternating method is: the single-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the +A phase AC, and the double-number alternating branch yoke winding is connected to the -A phase AC , the yoke magnetic flux formed by every two alternating branch yoke windings gathers to form a pair of tooth magnetic fluxes with the number of pole pairs, and with the phase change of the single-phase alternating current, an alternating stator magnetic field with the number of pole pairs R is formed; When the value range of T is multiple values, the multi-speed alternating method has a variety of energization methods, and the alternating stator magnetic field has a variety of pole pairs and speeds. The value of each T corresponds to the multi-speed alternating method. One kind of power supply mode, one pole pair number and one speed corresponding to the alternating stator magnetic field; the alternating stator magnetic field at different speeds drives the rotating rotor to run in the original direction of rotation;

The control mechanism is composed of a control circuit and a single-phase power supply; the supporting parts, the casing and the control mechanism adopt mature technology;

The rotor includes a cage induction rotor, a synchronous reluctance rotor and a hysteresis rotor, all of which are mature technologies, and one of them is used as the rotor; the cage induction rotor is composed of a rotor core, a cage coil and a rotor shaft; the synchronous reluctance rotor is composed of Composed of multi-layer steel sheet, multi-layer insulation layer, cage coil and rotor shaft; hysteresis rotor is composed of hysteresis and rotor shaft;

The rotor adopts a cage-shaped induction rotor, and the stator, cage-shaped induction rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism form a yoke winding multi-speed single-phase induction motor.
The multi-speed single-phase AC motor with yoke winding as claimed in claim 1, the rotor is changed to a synchronous reluctance rotor, and the stator, synchronous reluctance rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism form a yoke winding multi-speed single-phase synchronous reluctance motor.
As claimed in claim 1, the yoke winding multi-speed single-phase AC motor, the rotor is changed to a hysteresis rotor, and the stator, hysteresis rotor, supporting parts, casing and control mechanism form a yoke winding multi-speed single-phase hysteresis motor.