WO2023164181A1 - Composés de benzothia(dia)zépine pour le traitement du vhb et du vhd - Google Patents

Composés de benzothia(dia)zépine pour le traitement du vhb et du vhd Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023164181A1
WO2023164181A1 PCT/US2023/013889 US2023013889W WO2023164181A1 WO 2023164181 A1 WO2023164181 A1 WO 2023164181A1 US 2023013889 W US2023013889 W US 2023013889W WO 2023164181 A1 WO2023164181 A1 WO 2023164181A1
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alkyl
hbv
pharmaceutically acceptable
compound
acceptable salt
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PCT/US2023/013889
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English (en)
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Jiaxin Yu
Min Zhong
Michael Walker
Mark Bures
Hassan Pajouhesh
Ken Zhang
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Assembly Biosciences, Inc.
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Publication of WO2023164181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023164181A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system

Definitions

  • HBV Hepatitis B
  • HBV Hepatitis B
  • HBV can be spread by body fluids: from mother to child, by sex, and via blood products. Children born to HBV-positive mothers may also be infected, unless vaccinated at birth.
  • the hepatitis virus particle is composed of a lipid envelope studded with surface protein (HBsAg) that surrounds the viral core.
  • the core is composed of a protein shell, or capsid, built of 120 core protein (Cp) dimers, which in turn contains the relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) viral genome as well as viral and host proteins.
  • rcDNA relaxed circular DNA
  • the genome is found as a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the host cell nucleus.
  • the cccDNA is the template for viral RNAs and thus viral proteins.
  • Cp In the cytoplasm, Cp assembles around a complex of full-length viral RNA (the so-called pregenomic RNA or pgRNA and viral polymerase (P). After assembly, P reverse transcribes the pgRNA to rcDNA within the confines of the capsid to generate the DNA-filled viral core.
  • pregenomic RNA the so-called pregenomic RNA or pgRNA and viral polymerase (P).
  • P viral polymerase
  • nucleotide therapy may lead to the emergence of antiviral drug resistance.
  • the only FDA approved alternative to nucleos(t)ide analogs is treatment with interferon ⁇ or pegylated interferon ⁇ .
  • interferon ⁇ the adverse event incidence and profile of interferon ⁇ can result in poor tolerability, and many patients are unable to complete therapy.
  • only a small percentage of patients are considered appropriate for interferon therapy, as only a small subset of patients is likely to have a sustained clinical response to a course of interferon therapy.
  • interferon-based therapies are used in only a small percentage of all diagnosed patients who elect treatment.
  • current HBV treatments can range from palliative to watchful waiting.
  • Nucleotide analogs suppress virus production, treating the symptom, but leave the infection intact. Interferon ⁇ has severe side effects and less tolerability among patients and is successful as a finite treatment strategy in only a small minority of patients. There is a clear on-going need for more effective treatments for HBV infections.
  • Another form of viral hepatitis is Hepatitis D virus (HDV), a defective RNA virus that causes chronic viral hepatitis and eventual cirrhosis.
  • HDV life cycle is dependent on the presence of HBsAg for assembly. Thus, in a small set of patients infected with HBV, HDV presents as coinfection with HBV.
  • HBV/HDV infection is also associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • HCC hepatocellular carcinoma
  • WO2021/110883, WO2021/110884, WO2021/110885, WO2021/110886, WO2021/110887, WO2020/161216, WO2020/161217 and WO2019/234077 relate to 1,5- benzothiazepine and 1,2,5-benzothiadiazepine derivatives described as bile acid modulators having apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) and/or liver bile acid transport (LBAT) inhibitory activity.
  • ASBT sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
  • LBAT liver bile acid transport
  • LBAT functions as a cellular receptor for viral entry of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV), which in turn is the major cause of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • HBV hepatitis B virus
  • HDV hepatitis D virus
  • the present disclosure provides, in part, benzothia(dia)zepine compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, useful for inhibition of HBV or HDV replication, inhibition of HBV or HDV viral entry, and methods of treating HBV infections, HDV infection or HBV/HDV coinfection.
  • the disclosure provides a compound of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where the variables are described in the detailed description.
  • the disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating an HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising: administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating an HBV infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising: administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • alkenyl refers to an unsaturated straight or branched hydrocarbon having at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
  • exemplary alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, a straight or branched group of 2-6 carbon atoms, referred to herein as C 2-6 alkenyl.
  • exemplary alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, allyl, butenyl, and pentenyl, etc.
  • alkoxy refers to a straight or branched alkyl group attached to oxygen (i.e., alkyl-O-).
  • alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, alkoxy groups of 1-6 or 1-4 carbon atoms, referred to herein as C 1-6 alkoxy and C 1-4 alkoxy, respectively. Exemplary alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy, etc.
  • alkoxyalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with an alkoxy group. Examples include, but are not limited to, CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 -, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 - and CH 3 OCH 2 -, etc.
  • alkyl refers to a saturated straight or branched hydrocarbon.
  • Exemplary alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, straight or branched hydrocarbons of 1-6 or 1-4 carbon atoms, referred to herein as C 1-6 alkyl and C 1-4 alkyl, respectively.
  • Exemplary alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 2-methyl-1-pentyl, 3-methyl-1-pentyl, 4- methyl-1-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1- butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2-ethyl-1-butyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, and n-hexyl, etc.
  • alkylene refers to a biradical alkyl group.
  • alkynyl refers to an unsaturated straight or branched hydrocarbon having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
  • exemplary alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, straight or branched groups of 2-6 carbon atoms, referred to herein as C 2-6 alkynyl.
  • Exemplary alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, and methylpropynyl, etc.
  • carbonyl refers to the biradical -C(O)-.
  • coinfection refers to simultaneous infection of a host by more than one viral pathogen.
  • cyano refers to the radical -CN.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon group of, for example, 3-7 carbons, referred to herein as C 3-7 monocycloalkyl, or bicyclic hydrocarbon ring structure of, for example, 5-12 carbons, referred to herein as C 5- 12 bicycloalkyl.
  • bicyclic cycloalkyl groups the two rings may be attached through the same or different carbons.
  • exemplary monocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cycloheptyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclobutyl and cyclopropyl.
  • bicycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, spiro[2.5]octanyl, spiro[3.5]nonanyl, spiro[4.5]decanyl, spiro[5.5]undecanyl, spiro[2.4]heptanyl, spiro[3.4]octanyl, spiro[4.4]nonanyl, spiro[2.3]hexanyl, spiro[3.3]heptanyl, decahydronaphthalene, octahydro- 1H-indene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octanyl, bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanyl, octahydropentalenyl, bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanyl, bicyclo[3.1.0]hexanyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanyl, and bicyclo[
  • halo or “halogen” as used herein refer to F, Cl, Br or I.
  • haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
  • haloC 1-6 alkyl refers to a straight or branched alkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms substituted with one or more halogen atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to, -CH 2 F, -CHCl 2 , -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , CF 3 CH 2 -, CH 3 CF 2 -, CF 3 CCl 2 - and CF 3 CF 2 -.
  • haloalkoxy refers to an alkoxy group substituted with one or more halogen atoms. Examples include, but are not limited to, CCl 3 O-, CF 3 O-, CHF 2 O- CF 3 CH 2 O-, and CF 3 CF 2 O-.
  • heteroaryl refers to a 5-6 membered monocyclic aromatic group, referred to herein as monocyclo5-6heteroaryl, or 8-12 membered bicyclic aromatic ring system, referred to herein as bicyclo 8-12 heteroaryl, containing one to four independently selected heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.
  • heteroaryl ring may be linked to the adjacent radical though carbon or nitrogen.
  • monocyclo 5-6 heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, furanyl, thiophenyl (also referred to as thienyl), pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 2H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, pyridinyl (also referred to as pyridyl), pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazinyl, 1,2,4-triazinyl, 1,2,3-triazinyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl,
  • bicyclo 8-12 heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, benzo[c]thiophenyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzo[d]isoxazolyl, benzo[c]isoxazolyl, benzo[d]oxazolyl, benzo[d]isothiazolyl, benzo[c]isothiazolyl, benzo[d]thiazolyl, indazolyl, benzo[d]imidazolyl, benzo[d]imidazolyl, and benzo[d][1,2,3]triazolyl.
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to a monocycloalkyl group, for example a C 3 - 7 monocycloalkyl, or a bicycloalkyl group, for example C 5-12 bicycloalkyl, wherein 1-3 of the carbon atoms are replaced with independently selected heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (including its oxidation states: S(O) and SO 2 ), herein referred to as mono 3- 7 heterocycloalkyl and bi 5-12 heterocycloalkyl, respectively.
  • heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (including its oxidation states: S(O) and SO 2 )
  • Examples of mono 3- 7 heterocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, aziridinyl, oxiranyl, thiiranyl 1,1- dioxide, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, thietanyl 1,1-dioxide, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, and piperazinyl.
  • Examples of bi 5-12 heterocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decanyl and 1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecanyl.
  • hydroxy and “hydroxyl” as used herein refers to the radical -OH.
  • hydroxyalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with one or more hydroxy groups. Examples include, but are not limited to, HOCH 2 -, HOCH 2 CH 2 -, CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 - and HOCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -.
  • hydroxyalkoxy refers to an alkoxy group substituted with one or more hydroxy groups. Examples include but are not limited to HOCH 2 O-, HOCH 2 CH 2 O-, CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 O- and HOCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 O-.
  • R a R b NC 1-6 alkyl- refers to an alkyl group substituted with a R a R b N- group, as defined herein. Examples include but are not limited to NH 2 CH 2 -, NH(CH 3 )CH 2 -, N(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 - and CH 3 CH(NH 2 )CH 2 -.
  • R a R b NC 1-6 alkoxy refers to an alkoxy group substituted with a R a R b N- groups, as defined herein.
  • Examples include but are not limited to NH 2 CH 2 -, NH(CH 3 )CH 2 O-, N(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 O-, and CH 3 CH(NH 2 )CH 2 O-.
  • a bicyclic ring is shown with a floating point of attachment and/or floating substituents, for example as in , it signifies that the bicyclic ring can be attached via a carbon atom on either ring, and that the substituents (e.g., the R 33 group(s)) can be independently attached to either or both rings.
  • the terms “Individual,” “patient,” or “subject” are used interchangeably and include any animal, including mammals, preferably mice, rats, other rodents, rabbits, dogs, cats, swine, cattle, sheep, horses, or primates, and most preferably humans.
  • the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure can be administered to a mammal, such as a human, but can also be administered to other mammals such as an animal in need of veterinary treatment, e.g., domestic animals (e.g., dogs, cats, and the like), farm animals (e.g., cows, sheep, pigs, horses, and the like) and laboratory animals (e.g., rats, mice, guinea pigs, dogs, primates, and the like).
  • the mammal treated in the methods of the disclosure is desirably a mammal in which treatment of HBV infection is desired.
  • modulation includes antagonism (e.g., inhibition), agonism, partial antagonism and/or partial agonism.
  • the term “Pharmaceutically acceptable” include molecular entities and compositions that do not produce an adverse, allergic or other untoward reaction when administered to an animal, or a human, as appropriate. For human administration, preparations should meet sterility, pyrogenicity, and general safety and purity standards as required by FDA Office of Biologics standards.
  • compositions refers to a composition comprising at least one compound as disclosed herein formulated together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • salt(s) refers to salts of acidic or basic groups that may be present in compounds used in the compositions.
  • Compounds included in the present compositions that are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of salts with various inorganic and organic acids.
  • the acids that may be used to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of such basic compounds are those that form non-toxic acid addition salts, i.e., salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, including, but not limited to, malate, oxalate, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, isonicotinate, acetate, lactate, salicylate, citrate, tartrate, oleate, tannate, pantothenate, bitartrate, ascorbate, succinate, maleate, gentisinate, fumarate, gluconate, glucaronate, saccharate, formate, benzoate, glutamate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate and pamoate (i.e., 1,1'-methylene-
  • Compounds included in the present compositions that are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations.
  • Examples of such salts include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, particularly calcium, magnesium, sodium, lithium, zinc, potassium, and iron salts.
  • Compounds included in the present compositions that include a basic or acidic moiety may also form pharmaceutically acceptable salts with various amino acids.
  • the compounds of the disclosure may contain both acidic and basic groups; for example, one amino and one carboxylic acid group. In such a case, the compound can exist as an acid addition salt, a zwitterion, or a base salt.
  • terapéuticaally effective amount refers to the amount of the subject compound that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system or animal, (e.g., mammal or human) that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
  • the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure are administered in therapeutically effective amounts to treat a disease.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a compound is the quantity required to achieve a desired therapeutic and/or prophylactic effect.
  • treating includes any effect, e.g., lessening, reducing, modulating, or eliminating, a viral infection, that results in the improvement of the disease.
  • the compounds of the disclosure may contain one or more chiral centers and, therefore, exist as stereoisomers.
  • stereoisomers when used herein consist of all enantiomers or diastereomers. These compounds may be designated by the symbols “(+),” “(-),” “R” or “S,” depending on the configuration of substituents around the stereogenic carbon atom, but the skilled artisan will recognize that a structure may denote a chiral center implicitly.
  • the present disclosure encompasses various stereoisomers of these compounds and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers may be designated “( ⁇ )” in nomenclature, but the skilled artisan will recognize that a structure may denote a chiral center implicitly.
  • the compounds of the disclosure may contain one or more double bonds and, therefore, exist as geometric isomers resulting from the arrangement of substituents around a carbon-carbon double bond.
  • the symbol denotes a bond that may be a single, double or triple bond as described herein.
  • Substituents around a carbon-carbon double bond are designated as being in the “Z” or “E” configuration wherein the terms “Z” and “E” are used in accordance with IUPAC standards. Unless otherwise specified, structures depicting double bonds encompass both the “E” and “Z” isomers.
  • Substituents around a carbon-carbon double bond alternatively can be referred to as “cis” or “trans,” where “cis” represents substituents on the same side of the double bond and “trans” represents substituents on opposite sides of the double bond.
  • Compounds of the disclosure may contain a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring and therefore, exist as geometric isomers resulting from the arrangement of substituents around the ring.
  • the arrangement of substituents around a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring are designated as being in the “Z” or “E” configuration wherein the terms “Z” and “E” are used in accordance with IUPAC standards.
  • structures depicting carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings encompass both “Z” and “E” isomers.
  • Substituents around a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring may also be referred to as “cis” or “trans”, where the term “cis” represents substituents on the same side of the plane of the ring and the term “trans” represents substituents on opposite sides of the plane of the ring.
  • Stereoselective syntheses a chemical or enzymatic reaction in which a single reactant forms an unequal mixture of stereoisomers during the creation of a new stereocenter or during the transformation of a pre-existing one, are well known in the art.
  • Stereoselective syntheses encompass both enantiomeric and diastereoselective transformations and may involve the use of chiral auxiliaries. For examples, see Carreira and Kvaerno, Classics in Stereoselective Synthesis, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2009.
  • the compounds disclosed herein can exist in solvated as well as unsolvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, and the like, and it is intended that the disclosure embrace both solvated and unsolvated forms.
  • the compound is amorphous.
  • the compound is a single polymorph.
  • the compound is a mixture of polymorphs.
  • the compound is in a crystalline form.
  • the disclosure also embraces isotopically labeled compounds of the disclosure which are identical to those recited herein, except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
  • isotopes examples include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine and chlorine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 18 O, 17 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, and 36 Cl, respectively.
  • a compound of the disclosure may have one or more H atom replaced with deuterium.
  • Certain isotopically-labeled disclosed compounds e.g., those labeled with 3 H and 14 C are useful in compound and/or substrate tissue distribution assays.
  • Tritiated (i.e., 3 H) and carbon-14 (i.e., 14 C) isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium (i.e., 2 H) may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability (e.g., increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements) and hence may be preferred in some circumstances.
  • Isotopically labeled compounds of the disclosure can generally be prepared by following procedures analogous to those disclosed in the examples herein by substituting an isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent.
  • prodrug refers to compounds that are transformed in vivo to yield a disclosed compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate of the compound. The transformation may occur by various mechanisms (such as by esterase, amidase, phosphatase, oxidative and or reductive metabolism) in various locations (such as in the intestinal lumen or upon transit of the intestine, blood or liver). Prodrugs are well known in the art (for example, see Rautio, Kumpulainen, et al., Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2008, 7, 255). II.
  • the present disclosure provides a compound of Formula I Formula I , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: M is NR x or CR y R z ; X 1 is N or CR 2 ; X 2 is N or CR 3 , X 3 is N or CR 4 ; provided that at least one of X 1 , X 2 and X 3 is N; One of R 1a and R 1b is R 0 ; and the other of R 1a and R 1b is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC 1-4 alkyl; R 1c is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl; R 0 is -C(O)OH, -C(O)OC 1-6 alkyl, -P(O)(OH) 2 , -S(O) 2 OH or ; R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC 1-4 alky
  • M is NR x .
  • M is NR x , and R x is H or CH 3 .
  • M is NR x and R x is CH 3 .
  • M is CR y R z , R y is halo, and R z is halo.
  • M is CR y R z , R y is hydrogen, and R z is halo.
  • X 1 is N, and X 2 is CR 3 .
  • X 1 is CR 2 , and X 2 is N.
  • X 1 is N, and X 2 is N.
  • R 0 is -C(O)OH, -C(O)OC 1-6 alkyl or -S(O) 2 OH.
  • R 1a is C(O)OH.
  • R 1a is S(O) 2 OH.
  • R 1b is hydrogen or F.
  • R 1b is F.
  • R 1a is -C(O)OH and R 1b is F.
  • R 1c is hydrogen.
  • R 1a is -C(O)OH; R 1b is F; and R 1c is hydrogen.
  • R 2 is hydrogen.
  • R 3 is hydrogen.
  • R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen.
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylthio, ethylthio, amino, methylamino and dimethylamino. [0075] In certain embodiments, R 4 is methylthio. [0076] In certain embodiments, R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C 1-6 alkyl. [0077] In certain embodiments, R 5 is C 1-6 alkyl and R 6 is hydrogen. [0078] In certain embodiments, R 5 is C 3-4 alkyl and R 6 is hydrogen.
  • R 5 is n-butyl and R 6 is hydrogen.
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkynyl, haloC 1-6 alkyl, haloC 1-6 alkenyl, haloC 1- 6 alkynyl, C 1-3 alkoxyC 1-3 alkyl, and C 3-6 cycloalyl-C 1-6 alkylene-; or R 5 and R 6 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C 3-7 monocycloalkyl or C 5-12 bicycloalkyl, wherein the C 3-7 monocycloalkyl or C 5-12 bicycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , OH, R a R b N-, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkynyl, haloC 1-6 alkyl, haloC 1-6 alkenyl, haloC 1- 6alkynyl, C1-3alkoxyC1-3alkyl, and C 3-6 cycloalyl-C 1-4 alkylene-.
  • R 5 is C 1-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkynyl, haloC 1-6 alkyl, haloC1- 6alkenyl, haloC 1-6 alkynyl, C 1-3 alkoxyC 1-3 alkyl, or C 3-6 cycloalyl-C 1-4 alkylene-; and R 6 is hydrogen.
  • R 5 and R 6 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C 3-7 monocycloalkyl or C 5-12 bicycloalkyl, wherein the C 3-7 monocycloalkyl or C 5-12 bicycloalkyl is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , OH, R a R b N-, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 5 and R 6 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a wherein: R 9 is independently selected for each occurrence from the group consisting of halogen, CN, NO 2 , OH, R a R b N-, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC 1-4 alkyl; and s is selected from the group consisting of 0, 1, 2 and 3. [0085] In certain embodiments, s is 0.
  • the present disclosure provides a compound of Formula II , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: M is NR x or CR 2 R 3 ; X 1 is N or CH; X 2 is N or CH; R a and R b are independently selected for each occurrence from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, haloC 1-6 alkyl and C 3-6 monocycloalkyl; R x is hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl; R 0 is -C(O)OH, -C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl, -P(O)(OH) 2 , or -S(O) 2 OH; R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, C 1-4 alkyl and haloC1- 4 alkyl; R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and methyl; R 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, cyano, R a R
  • M is NR x .
  • M is NH or NCH 3 .
  • X 1 is N and X 2 is CH.
  • X 1 is CH and X 2 is N.
  • R 0 is -C(O)OH, -C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl.
  • R 0 is C(O)OH.
  • R 1 is hydrogen or F. [0095] In certain embodiments, R 1 is F. [0096] In certain embodiments, R 0 is -C(O)OH or -C(O)OC 1-4 alkyl and R 1 is hydrogen or F. [0097] In certain embodiments, R 0 is -C(O)OH and R 1 is F. [0098] In certain embodiments, R 4 is methylthio. [0099] In certain embodiments, R 5 is III.
  • Pharmaceutical Compositions and Kits [0100] In another aspect, the disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • compositions comprising compounds as disclosed herein formulated together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • These formulations include those suitable for oral, rectal, topical, buccal, parenteral (e.g., subcutaneous, intramuscular, intradermal, or intravenous), rectal, vaginal, or aerosol administration, although the most suitable form of administration in any given case will depend on the degree and severity of the condition being treated and on the nature of the particular compound being used.
  • disclosed compositions may be formulated as a unit dose, and/or may be formulated for oral or subcutaneous administration.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprises a compound according to any combination of the Examples described herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or stereoisomer thereof.
  • exemplary pharmaceutical compositions of this disclosure may be used in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation, for example, in solid, semisolid or liquid form, which contains one or more compounds of the disclosure, as an active ingredient, in admixture with an organic or inorganic carrier or excipient suitable for external, enteral or parenteral applications.
  • the active ingredient may be compounded, for example, with the usual non- toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for tablets, pellets, capsules, suppositories, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, and any other form suitable for use.
  • the active object compound is included in the pharmaceutical composition in an amount sufficient to produce the desired effect upon the process or condition of the disease.
  • the principal active ingredient may be mixed with a pharmaceutical carrier, e.g., conventional tableting ingredients such as corn starch, lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate or gums, and other pharmaceutical diluents, e.g., water, to form a solid preformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of a compound of the disclosure, or a non- toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a pharmaceutical carrier e.g., conventional tableting ingredients such as corn starch, lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, dicalcium phosphate or gums, and other pharmaceutical diluents, e.g., water, to form a solid preformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of
  • the subject composition is mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, and/or any of the following: (1) fillers or extenders, such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and/or silicic acid; (2) binders, such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sucrose and/or acacia; (3) humectants, such as glycerol; (4) disintegrating agents, such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alg
  • compositions may also comprise buffering agents.
  • Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugars, as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.
  • a tablet may be made by compression or molding, optionally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed tablets may be prepared using binder (for example, gelatin or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose), lubricant, inert diluent, preservative, disintegrant (for example, sodium starch glycolate or cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), surface-active or dispersing agent.
  • Molded tablets may be made by molding in a suitable machine a mixture of the subject composition moistened with an inert liquid diluent.
  • Tablets, and other solid dosage forms, such as dragees, capsules, pills and granules, may optionally be scored or prepared with coatings and shells, such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical-formulating art.
  • Compositions for inhalation or insufflation include solutions and suspensions in pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous or organic solvents, or mixtures thereof, and powders.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs.
  • the liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art, such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, cyclodextrins and mixtures thereof.
  • inert diluents commonly used in the art, such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate
  • Suspensions in addition to the subject composition, may contain suspending agents as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar and tragacanth, and mixtures thereof.
  • suspending agents as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar and tragacanth, and mixtures thereof.
  • Formulations for rectal or vaginal administration may be presented as a suppository, which may be prepared by mixing a subject composition with one or more suitable non- irritating excipients or carriers comprising, for example, cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a suppository wax or a salicylate, and which is solid at room temperature, but liquid at body temperature and, therefore, will melt in the body cavity and release the active agent.
  • suitable non- irritating excipients or carriers comprising, for example, cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a suppository wax or a salicylate, and which is solid at room temperature, but liquid at body temperature and, therefore, will melt in the body cavity and release the active agent.
  • Dosage forms for transdermal administration of a subject composition include powders, sprays, ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, solutions, patches and inhalants.
  • the active component may be mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and with any preservatives, buffers, or propellants which may be required.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.
  • Powders and sprays may contain, in addition to a subject composition, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicates and polyamide powder, or mixtures of these substances. Sprays may additionally contain customary propellants, such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons and volatile unsubstituted hydrocarbons, such as butane and propane.
  • Compositions and compounds of the present disclosure may alternatively be administered by aerosol. This is accomplished by preparing an aqueous aerosol, liposomal preparation or solid particles containing the compound. A non-aqueous (e.g., fluorocarbon propellant) suspension could be used.
  • Sonic nebulizers may be used because they minimize exposing the agent to shear, which may result in degradation of the compounds contained in the subject compositions.
  • an aqueous aerosol is made by formulating an aqueous solution or suspension of a subject composition together with conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and stabilizers.
  • the carriers and stabilizers vary with the requirements of the particular subject composition, but typically include non-ionic surfactants (Tweens, Pluronics, or polyethylene glycol), innocuous proteins like serum albumin, sorbitan esters, oleic acid, lecithin, amino acids such as glycine, buffers, salts, sugars or sugar alcohols.
  • Aerosols generally are prepared from isotonic solutions.
  • compositions of this disclosure suitable for parenteral administration comprise a subject composition in combination with one or more pharmaceutically- acceptable sterile isotonic aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, or sterile powders which may be reconstituted into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions just prior to use, which may contain antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient or suspending or thickening agents.
  • aqueous and non-aqueous carriers examples include water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils, such as olive oil, and injectable organic esters, such as ethyl oleate and cyclodextrins.
  • polyols such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like
  • vegetable oils such as olive oil
  • injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate and cyclodextrins.
  • Proper fluidity may be maintained, for example, by the use of coating materials, such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions, and by the use of surfactants.
  • enteral pharmaceutical formulations including a disclosed compound and an enteric material; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient thereof.
  • Enteric materials refer to polymers that are substantially insoluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, and that are predominantly soluble in intestinal fluids at specific pHs.
  • the small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract (gut) between the stomach and the large intestine, and includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
  • the pH of the duodenum is about 5.5
  • the pH of the jejunum is about 6.5
  • the pH of the distal ileum is about 7.5.
  • enteric materials are not soluble, for example, until a pH of about 5.0, of about 5.2, of about 5.4, of about 5.6, of about 5.8, of about 6.0, of about 6.2, of about 6.4, of about 6.6, of about 6.8, of about 7.0, of about 7.2, of about 7.4, of about 7.6, of about 7.8, of about 8.0, of about 8.2, of about 8.4, of about 8.6, of about 8.8, of about 9.0, of about 9.2, of about 9.4, of about 9.6, of about 9.8, or of about 10.0.
  • Exemplary enteric materials include cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP), polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS), cellulose acetate trimellitate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose succinate, cellulose acetate succinate, cellulose acetate hexahydrophthalate, cellulose propionate phthalate, cellulose acetate maleate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, copolymer of methylmethacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate, copolymer of methyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate and methacrylic acid, copolymer of methylvinyl ether and maleic anhydride (Gantrez ES series), ethyl methyacrylate-methylmethacrylate- chlorotrimethylammonium ethyl acrylate copolymer, natural resins such
  • the disclosure also provides kits for use by e.g., a consumer in need of HBV infection treatment.
  • kits include a suitable dosage form such as those described above and instructions describing the method of using such dosage form tomediate, reduce or prevent HBV infection.
  • the instructions would direct the consumer or medical personnel to administer the dosage form according to administration modes known to those skilled in the art.
  • kits could advantageously be packaged and sold in single or multiple kit units.
  • An example of such a kit is a so-called blister pack.
  • Blister packs are well known in the packaging industry and are being widely used for the packaging of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms (tablets, capsules, and the like). Blister packs generally consist of a sheet of relatively stiff material covered with a foil of a preferably transparent plastic material. During the packaging process recesses are formed in the plastic foil. The recesses have the size and shape of the tablets or capsules to be packed.
  • the tablets or capsules are placed in the recesses and the sheet of relatively stiff material is sealed against the plastic foil at the face of the foil which is opposite from the direction in which the recesses were formed.
  • the tablets or capsules are sealed in the recesses between the plastic foil and the sheet.
  • the strength of the sheet is such that the tablets or capsules can be removed from the blister pack by manually applying pressure on the recesses whereby an opening is formed in the sheet at the place of the recess. The tablet or capsule can then be removed via said opening.
  • a memory aid on the kit, e.g., in the form of numbers next to the tablets or capsules whereby the numbers correspond with the days of the regimen which the tablets or capsules so specified should be ingested.
  • a memory aid is a calendar printed on the card, e.g., as follows “First Week, Monday, Tuesday, ... etc.... Second Week, Monday, Tuesday, ...” etc.
  • a “daily dose” can be a single tablet or capsule or several pills or capsules to be taken on a given day.
  • a daily dose of a first compound can consist of one tablet or capsule while a daily dose of the second compound can consist of several tablets or capsules and vice versa.
  • a method for treating a hepatitis B infection in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to a subject or patient an effective amount of a disclosed compound, and/or administering a first disclosed compound and optionally, an additional, different disclosed compound(s).
  • a method for treating a hepatitis B infection in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to a subject or patient a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed pharmaceutical composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a disclosed compound, or two or more disclosed compounds, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • HDV encodes HDAg, the HDV protein responsible for HDV RNA replication.
  • HDV infection is facilitated by the interaction of HDAg with HBV viral envelope protein HBsAg, for both entry into the hepatocytes and assembly and release of the HDV virions.
  • HBV viral envelope protein HBsAg HBV viral envelope protein
  • the present disclosure also contemplates a method of treating an HBV or HDV infection, or HBV/HDV coinfection, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to a subject or patient an effective amount of a disclosed compound, and/or administering a first disclosed compound and optionally, an additional, different disclosed compound(s).
  • a method for treating a HBV or HDV infection or HBV/HDV coinfection in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to a subject or patient a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed pharmaceutical composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a disclosed compound, or two or more disclosed compounds, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • methods of treatment may be facilitated by various mechanisms of action.
  • One possibility for treatment involves targeting machinery involved in viral particle assembly.
  • inhibiting assembly of the HBV envelope or core by targeting HBsAg would disrupt assembly of the HBV particles.
  • a second strategy would be to inhibit viral replication of HBV and/or HDV.
  • Existing antiviral therapies may apply this approach in the form of replication inhibitors that target, for example, a specific viral RNA polymerase.
  • another aspect of the disclosure is a method for inhibiting HBV or HDV viral replication in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to a subject or patient an effective amount of a disclosed compound, and/or administering a first disclosed compound and optionally, an additional, different disclosed compound(s).
  • a method for inhibiting HBV or HDV viral replication in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to a subject or patient a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed pharmaceutical composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a disclosed compound, or two or more disclosed compounds, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Methods of treatment may further include targeting the network of bile acid transport proteins that are believed to be the “gateway” of entry for HBV or HDV infection into the hepatocyte.
  • the bile acid transport system comprising the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) are a set of receptors that ensure effective bile acid transport between the ileum and hepatocyte.
  • an “entry inhibitor” may target any of the possible bile acid transport receptors, including, but not limited to the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) to prevent entry of either HBV or HDV virus into the cells.
  • NTCP sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide
  • ASBT apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter
  • Such entry inhibitors may target all or a portion of the transport receptors to inhibit viral entry.
  • another aspect of the disclosure is a method of inhibiting viral entry in hepatocytes in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to a subject or patient an effective amount of a disclosed compound, and/or administering a first disclosed compound and optionally, an additional, different disclosed compound(s).
  • a method inhibiting viral entry in hepatocytes in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to a subject or patient a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed pharmaceutical composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a disclosed compound, or two or more disclosed compounds, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • treatment for patients dealing with HBV or HDV infection or HBV/HDV coinfection may be measured by seroconversion of any of the viral antigens, including but not limited to HBsAg or HBeAg, or maintenance of undetectable levels of these antigens.
  • the appropriate dosage of the compounds described herein is expected to vary depending on, for example, the particular compound employed, the mode of administration, and the nature and severity of the infection to be treated as well as the specific infection to be treated and is within the purview of the treating physician.
  • an indicated administration dose may be in the range between about 0.1 to about 1000 ⁇ g/kg body weight.
  • the administration dose of the compound may be less than 400 ⁇ g/kg body weight. In other cases, the administration dose may be less than 200 ⁇ g/kg body weight. In yet other cases, the administration dose may be in the range between about 0.1 to about 100 ⁇ g/kg body weight.
  • the dose may be conveniently administered once daily, or in divided doses up to, for example, four times a day or in sustained release form.
  • a compound of the present disclosure may be administered by any conventional route, in particular: enterally, topically, orally, nasally, e.g., in the form of tablets or capsules, via suppositories, or parenterally, e.g., in the form of injectable solutions or suspensions, for intravenous, intra-muscular, sub-cutaneous, or intra-peritoneal injection.
  • Suitable formulations and pharmaceutical compositions will include those formulated in a conventional manner using one or more physiologically acceptable carriers or excipients, and any of those known and commercially available and currently employed in the clinical setting.
  • compositions may take the form of, for example, tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (e.g., pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); fillers (e.g.
  • Liquid preparations for oral administration may take the form of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
  • Such liquid preparations may be prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents (e.g., sorbitol syrup, cellulose derivatives or hydrogenated edible fats); emulsifying agents (e.g., lecithin or acacia); non-aqueous vehicles (e.g., almond oil, oily esters, ethyl alcohol or fractionated vegetable oils); and preservatives (e.g., methyl or propyl-p-hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid). Preparations may also contain buffer salts, flavoring, coloring and sweetening agents as appropriate. [0129] Preparations for oral administration may also be suitably formulated to give controlled-release or sustained release of the active compound(s) over an extended period.
  • suspending agents e.g., sorbitol syrup, cellulose derivatives or hydrogenated edible fats
  • emulsifying agents e.g., lecithin or acacia
  • non-aqueous vehicles e.g., almond
  • compositions may take the form of tablets or lozenges formulated in a conventional manner known to the skilled artisan.
  • a disclosed compound may also be formulated for parenteral administration by injection e.g., by bolus injection or continuous infusion.
  • Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form e.g., in ampoules or in multi-dose containers, with an added preservative.
  • the compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain additives such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents.
  • the compound may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle, e.g., sterile pyrogen-free water, before use.
  • Compounds may also be formulated for rectal administration as suppositories or retention enemas, e.g., containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
  • a second active agent or administering a second active agent for example, in addition to being infected with HBV, a subject or patient can further have HBV infection-related co- morbidities, i.e., diseases and other adverse health conditions associated with, exacerbated by, or precipitated by being infected with HBV.
  • HBV infection-related co- morbidities i.e., diseases and other adverse health conditions associated with, exacerbated by, or precipitated by being infected with HBV.
  • Contemplated herein are disclosed compounds in combination with at least one other agent that has previously been shown to treat these HBV-infection-related conditions.
  • a disclosed compound may be administered as part of a combination therapy in conjunction with one or more antivirals.
  • Example antivirals include nucleoside analogs, interferon ⁇ , and other assembly effectors, for instance heteroaryldihydropyrimidines (HAPs) such as methyl 4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl- 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (HAP-1).
  • HAPs heteroaryldihydropyrimidines
  • a method of treating a patient suffering from hepatitis B infection comprising administering to the patient a first amount of a disclosed compound and a second amount of an antiviral, or other anti HBV agent, for example a second amount of a second compound selected from the group consisting of: an HBV capsid assembly promoter (for example, GLS4, BAY 41-4109, AT-130, DVR-23 (e.g., as depicted below), ; NVR 3-778, NVR1221 (by code); and N890 (as depicted below): other capsid inhibitors such as those disclosed in the following patent applications hereby incorporated by reference: WO2014037480, WO2014184328, WO2013006394, WO2014089296, WO2014106019, WO2013102655, WO2014184350, WO2014184365, WO2014161888, WO2014131847, WO2014033176, WO2014033167, and WO201403
  • L-FMAU Clevudine
  • LB80380 Besifovir
  • viral entry inhibitors such as Myrcludex B and related lipopeptide derivatives
  • HBsAg secretion inhibitors such as REP 9AC’ and related nucleic acid-based amphipathic polymers, HBF-0529 (PBHBV-001), PBHBV-2-15 as depicted below:
  • BM601 disruptors of nucleocapsid formation or integrity such as NZ-4/W28F: cccDNA formation inhibitors such as BSBI-25, CCC-0346, CCC-0975 (as depicted below): .
  • HBc directed transbodies such as those described in Wang Y, et al, Transbody against hepatitis B virus core protein inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in vitro, Int. Immunopharmacol (2014), located at //dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.028; antiviral core protein mutant (such as Cp183-V124W and related mutations as described in WO/2013/010069, WO2014/074906, each incorporated by reference); inhibitors of HBx- interactions such as RNAi, antisense and nucleic acid based polymers targeting HBV RNA;, e.g., RNAi (for example ALN-HBV, ARC-520, TKM-HBV, ddRNAi), antisense (ISIS- HBV), or nucleic acid based polymer: (REP 2139-Ca); immunostimulants such as Interferon alpha 2a (Roferon), Intron A (interferon
  • OICR-9429 OICR-9429
  • PARP inhibitors APE inhibitors, DNMT inhibitors, LSD1 inhibitors, JMJD HDM inhibitors, and Bromodomain antagonists
  • kinase inhibitors such as TKB1 antagonists, PLK1 inhibitors, SRPK inhibitors, CDK2 inhibitors, ATM & ATR kinase inhibitors
  • STING Agonists Ribavirin; N-acetyl cysteine ; NOV-205 (BAM205); Nitazoxanide (Alinia), Tizoxanide; SB 9200 Small Molecule Nucleic Acid Hybrid (SMNH); DV-601; Arbidol; FXR agonists (such as GW 4064 and Fexaramin); antibodies, therapeutic proteins, gene therapy, and biologics directed against viral components or interacting host proteins.
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating a hepatitis B infection in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a first compound selected from any one of the disclosed compounds, and one or more other HBV agents each selected from the group consisting of HBV capsid assembly promoters, HBF viral polymerase interfering nucleosides, viral entry inhibitors, HBsAg secretion inhibitors, disruptors of nucleocapsid formation, cccDNA formation inhibitors, antiviral core protein mutant, HBc directed transbodies, RNAi targeting HBV RNA, immunostimulants, TLR-7/9 agonists, cyclophilin inhibitors, HBV vaccines, SMAC mimetics, epigenetic modulators, kinase inhibitors, and STING agonists.
  • HBV capsid assembly promoters HBF viral polymerase interfering nucleosides
  • viral entry inhibitors HBsAg secretion inhibitors
  • cccDNA formation inhibitors disruptors of nu
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating a hepatitis B infection in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an amount of a disclosed compound, and administering another HBV therapeutic.
  • the disclosure further provides a method of treating HBV or HDV infection or HBV/HDV coinfection in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a first compound selected from any one of the disclosed compounds, and one or more other additional antivirals, the one or more additional antivirals include HDV therapies and one or more of HBV agents each selected from the group consisting of HBV capsid assembly promoters, HBF viral polymerase interfering nucleosides, viral entry inhibitors, HBsAg secretion inhibitors, disruptors of nucleocapsid formation, cccDNA formation inhibitors, antiviral core protein mutant, HBc directed transbodies, RNAi targeting HBV RNA, immunostimulants, TLR-7/9 agonists, cyclophilin inhibitors, HBV
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating a HBV or HBV infection or HBV/HDV coinfection in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an amount of a disclosed compound, and administering another HBV therapeutic or an HDV therapeutic.
  • the first and second amounts together comprise a pharmaceutically effective amount.
  • the first amount, the second amount, or both may be the same, more, or less than effective amounts of each compound administered as monotherapies.
  • Therapeutically effective amounts of a disclosed compound and antiviral may be co- administered to the subject, i.e., administered to the subject simultaneously or separately, in any given order and by the same or different routes of administration.
  • a disclosed compound may be conjugated (e.g., covalently bound directly or through molecular linker to a free carbon, nitrogen (e.g., an amino group), or oxygen (e.g., an active ester) of a disclosed compound), with a detection moiety, for e.g., a fluorophore moiety (such a moiety may for example re-emit a certain light frequency upon binding to a virus and/or upon photon excitation).
  • a detection moiety for e.g., a fluorophore moiety (such a moiety may for example re-emit a certain light frequency upon binding to a virus and/or upon photon excitation).
  • Contemplated fluorophores include AlexaFluor ® 488 (Invitrogen) and BODIPY FL (Invitrogen), as well as fluorescein, rhodamine, cyanine, indocarbocyanine, anthraquinones, fluorescent proteins, aminocoumarin, methoxycoumarin, hydroxycoumarin, Cy2, Cy3, and the like.
  • a detection moiety may be used in e.g., a method for detecting HBV or biological pathways of HBV infection, e.g., in vitro or in vivo; and/or methods of assessing new compounds for biological activity.
  • Step 1 Synthesis of 2,6-dibromo-5-methoxypyridin-3-amine (1-2): Into a 500 mL round flask were added 5-methoxypyridin-3-amine (1-1) (5 g, 40.28 mmol), AcOH (200 mL) and NBS (15.77 g, 88.61 mmol) at rt. The resulting mixture was stirred for 30 min at rt. The resulting mixture was diluted with H 2 O (200 mL). The mixture was basified to pH 8 with aqueous NaOH (10 %). The aqueous layer was extracted with EA (100 mL x 3).
  • Step 4 Synthesis of 7-bromo-3-butyl-8-methoxy-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5- tetrahydropyrido[2,3-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepine 1,1-dioxide (1-5): To a solution of 2,6- dibromo-N-[1-(ethenylamino)hexan-2-yl]-5-methoxypyridine-3-sulfonamide (1-4) (4 g, 8.49 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (2.35 g, 17.00 mmol) in DMSO (80 mL) were added Cu (0.54 g, 8.50 mmol).
  • the resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at rt.
  • the resulting solution was diluted with H 2 O (72 mL).
  • the resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (35 mL x 3).
  • the combined organic layers were washed with brine (35 mL x 3), dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 . After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at 80 °C. The mixture was cooled down to rt. The resulting solution was diluted with H 2 O (30 mL). The resulting solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL x 3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 . After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 8 Synthesis of (Z)-3-((3-butyl-2-methyl-7-(methylthio)-1,1-dioxido-5- phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepin-8-yl)oxy)-2-fluoroacrylic acid (Example 1): Into a 50-mL round-bottom flask, was placed ethyl (Z)-3-((3-butyl-2-methyl-7- (methylthio)-1,1-dioxido-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepin-8- yl)oxy)-2-fluoroacrylate (1-8) (60 mg, 0.12 mmol), dioxane (6 mL), and H 2 O (2 mL).
  • Step 9 Synthesis of (S,Z)-3-((3-butyl-2-methyl-7-(methylthio)-1,1-dioxido-5- phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepin-8-yl)oxy)-2-fluoroacrylic acid (Example 1a) and (R,Z)-3-((3-butyl-2-methyl-7-(methylthio)-1,1-dioxido-5-phenyl- 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepin-8-yl)oxy)-2-fluoroacrylic acid (Example 1b): Racemic (Example 1) (80 mg, 0.161 mmol) was purified by Prep-chiral- HPLC with the following conditions: Column, CHIRALPAK IG-3, 3um, 100 x 4.6 mm, mobile phase, n-Hexane
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 3,5-dibromo-2-fluoro-6-methoxypyridine (2-3): To a solution of 3,5-dibromo-6-methoxypyridin-2-amine (2-2) (7.5 g, 26.60 mmol) in HF•Pyridine (75 mL) was added sodium nitrite (3.67 g, 53.20 mmol) at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred for 24 h at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was quenched by ice/water (150 mL).
  • Step 6 Synthesis of 7-bromo-3-butyl-8-methoxy-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5- tetrahydropyrido[3,2-f][1,2,5]thiadiazepine 1,1-dioxide (2-7): To a solution of 3,5- dibromo-6-methoxy-N-[1-(phenylamino)hexan-2-yl]pyridine-2-sulfonamide (2-6) (1.99 g, 3.82 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (1.58 g, 11.45 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) was added Cu (2.43 g, 38.18 mmol).
  • tert-Butyl prop-2-ynoate (27.86 mg, 0.22 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at rt for 6 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by ice/water (10 mL) and extracted with EA (3 x 10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL x 2) and dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 . After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • HepG2-NTCP infection protocol HepG2 cells expressing the sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (HepG2-NTCP) were maintained in culture using HepG2-NTCP growth medium (DMEM (HyClone, Cat# SH30243.02) supplemented with 10% FBS, 150 ⁇ g/mL G418 (Alfa Aesar, Cat# J62671), 50U/mL penicillin-streptomycin (Invitrogen, Cat# 15140-122), and 0.5 ⁇ g/mL blasticidin (Sigma, Cat# 15205)).
  • DMEM HepG2-NTCP growth medium
  • FBS FBS
  • 150 ⁇ g/mL G418 Alfa Aesar, Cat# J62671
  • 50U/mL penicillin-streptomycin Invitrogen, Cat# 15140-122
  • 0.5 ⁇ g/mL blasticidin Sigma, Cat# 15205
  • the cells Prior to infection, the cells were washed twice with 1 ⁇ DPBS (Invitrogen, Cat# 14190-136) and treated with 3 mL of 0.05% trypsin (Invitrogen, Cat# 25200-056) to dissociate the cells. Following dissociation, 10 mL of HepG2-NTCP growth medium was added to the cells to neutralize the trypsin and the cells were then centrifuged at 1,300 rpm for 5 minutes. Following centrifugation, the cells were resuspended in 10 mL of HepG2-NTCP growth medium, counted, and then centrifuged at 1,300 rpm for 5 minutes.
  • the cell pellet was resuspended in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS, 50U/mL penicillin-streptomycin, 4% PEG-8000 (Hamilton Research, Cat# HR2-515), and 1% DMSO (Sigma, Cat# D4540) to a density of 5.6 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL and infected with HBV at an MOI of 50.
  • DMSO Sigma, Cat# D4540
  • the infection media was removed and replaced with DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS, 50U/mL penicillin-streptomycin, and 1% DMSO and incubated for an additional 72 hours.
  • the plates were spun at 1,800 rpm for 8 minutes and the supernatant was removed for HBeAg quantification using electrochemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ECL-ELISA).
  • HBeAg ECL-ELISA Lumitrack high-binding 96-well plates (Greiner, Cat# 655074) were treated with 625 ng/mL HBeAg mAb (Biocheck, Cat# 70426) in 1 ⁇ DPBS for 2 hours at 250C with shaking. The HBeAg mAb solution was then removed and the plates treated with 1 ⁇ DPBS containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Sigma, Cat# A7030-100g) for 2 hours at 250C with shaking. The HBeAg-coated plates were then washed 4 times with 1 ⁇ DPBS containing 0.05% Tween 20 (DPBS-T) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat# J61544-K2).
  • BSA bovine serum albumin
  • HRP-conjugated antibody (Fitzgerald, Cat# 61-H10K), diluted 1:8,000 in 1 ⁇ DPBS-T containing 0.5% BSA, was added to the HBeAg-coated plates along with 10 ⁇ L of sample. The plates were then incubated for 2 hours at 25 0C with shaking. Following the incubation, the sample was then removed and 200 ⁇ L of 1 ⁇ PBS-T was added and the plates were incubated for 10 minutes at 250C with shaking.
  • assay data for exemplified compounds of the invention can be grouped in the following ranges: A indicates EC 50 ⁇ 100 nM; B indicates EC 50 of ⁇ 100 to ⁇ 1,000 nM; C indicates EC 50 of ⁇ 1,000 to ⁇ 5,000 nM.
  • INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE [0168] All publications and patents mentioned herein, including those items listed below, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes as if each individual publication or patent was specifically and individually incorporated by reference. In case of conflict, the present application, including any definitions herein, will control.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne, en partie, des composés de benzothia(dia)zépine de formule II, et des compositions pharmaceutiques de ceux-ci, et des procédés de traitement d'infections par le virus de l'hépatite B (VHB) et le virus de l'hépatite D (HDV).
PCT/US2023/013889 2022-02-25 2023-02-24 Composés de benzothia(dia)zépine pour le traitement du vhb et du vhd WO2023164181A1 (fr)

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