WO2023163689A1 - Star-shaped scanning system and method - Google Patents

Star-shaped scanning system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023163689A1
WO2023163689A1 PCT/TR2023/050189 TR2023050189W WO2023163689A1 WO 2023163689 A1 WO2023163689 A1 WO 2023163689A1 TR 2023050189 W TR2023050189 W TR 2023050189W WO 2023163689 A1 WO2023163689 A1 WO 2023163689A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
star
optical elements
detector
shaped
viewpoint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2023/050189
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Doğan Uğur SAKARYA
Original Assignee
Roketsan Roket Sanayi̇i̇ Ti̇caret A.Ş.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from TR2022/002865 external-priority patent/TR2022002865A2/en
Application filed by Roketsan Roket Sanayi̇i̇ Ti̇caret A.Ş. filed Critical Roketsan Roket Sanayi̇i̇ Ti̇caret A.Ş.
Publication of WO2023163689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023163689A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/01—Arrangements thereon for guidance or control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B30/00—Projectiles or missiles, not otherwise provided for, characterised by the ammunition class or type, e.g. by the launching apparatus or weapon used
    • F42B30/006—Mounting of sensors, antennas or target trackers on projectiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems
    • G02B26/101—Scanning systems with both horizontal and vertical deflecting means, e.g. raster or XY scanners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B2003/0093—Simple or compound lenses characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a star-shaped scanning method that provides multiple viewpoints using the same detector.
  • more than one lens or lens set is moved back and forth to the detector with a motorised structure and changes the viewpoints falling on the detector.
  • the invention which is the subject of the prior art application numbered "US10077972"
  • a semi-active laser seeker for use with rotating projectiles which includes a spatial sensor for collecting image data and has a spatial resolution of about 320x256 pixels.
  • the invention which is the subject of the application numbered "US20150028212" in the state of the art relates to optical sensor systems and particularly to optical systems that can provide a wide field of view and a narrow field of view that can be seen at the same time and show different parts of a monitored scene.
  • the invention which is the subject of the application numbered "US20180329062" in the state of the art relates to optical viewer systems that achieve wide field of view, narrowband imaging with micro-optical receiver channel arrays that minimize crosstalk and allow for tight spectral selectivity that is uniform throughout the receiver channel array.
  • the invention relates to a star-shaped scanning method that provides multiple viewpoints using the same detector.
  • the most important aim of the invention is to create a system with three different viewing angles by rolling star-shaped lenses with two different effective focal lengths on the optical axis.
  • Another aim of the invention is to enable the detection of targets at longer distances compared to the normal condition, as it can detect lower digital levels compared to target detection obtained before the use of this system.
  • Another aim of the invention is to remove the gimbal which is located in the seeker head and imaging systems and allows the optical system and the detector whole to be viewed from different angles.
  • Another aim of the invention is to reduce the noise of the image by ensuring the equality of the places where the viewpoints face each other.
  • Figure 1 is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of the first optical element viewpoint value on the detector.
  • Figure 2 is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of the second optical element viewpoint value on the detector.
  • Figure 3 is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of two optical elements on the detector at the same time.
  • Figure 4 is the drawing that gives the display of the viewpoint value (4b) on the detector, which is formed on the detector as a result of the 72-degree angular scanning of the 25 mm optical element on the optical plane.
  • Figure 5 is the drawing that shows the viewpoint value (b) formed on the detector as a result of the 72-degree angular scanning of the 100 mm optical element on the optical plane.
  • Figure 6 is the drawing that shows the viewpoint value (5b) on the detector, which is formed on the detector as a result of the configuration consisting of the combination of two optical elements, making an angular scan of 72 degrees on the optical plane.
  • Figure 7 is the drawing that shows the part of the detector that does not receive any images and on which no photons fall.
  • Figure 8 is the drawing that gives a visual representation of different viewpoints.
  • Figure 9 is the drawing that gives the illustration of the 29x29 detector for an example configuration and the third viewpoint (20 mm) with the other two viewpoint and the part of the detector where no light falls.
  • Figure 10 is the representation of the third viewpoint on the detector plane.
  • Figure 11 is the representation of the second viewpoint on the detector plane.
  • Figure 12 is the representation of the first viewpoint on the detector plane. Description of the invention
  • the detector may be in the infra-red band (MWIR, SWIR or LWIR).
  • the optical element shall be produced in the shape of 2 or more 5-sided stars with different effective focal lengths. The optical element is designed such that the entrance openings are equal.
  • the mechanical unit is located on the back surface of the optical elements and provides cutting the stray rays.
  • the bearing has the ability to rotate in the rolling axis and allows the optical element to be placed on it.
  • the motor enables the bearing to be rotated between 0 and 360 degrees and its multiples perpendicular to the optical axis by means of precision protractors. With this rotation, the angle of view obtained in the scene falls on the detector, depending on the effective focal length of each star-shaped optical element and the dimensions of the detector.
  • the effective focal length of the first optical element (lens) (m) is smaller than the effective focal length of the second optical element (n). Therefore, the star optical element with m value, which provides a wider viewing angle, is placed as the first element. Then, according to the order, the smallest optical element is placed in the outermost position.
  • the optical elements are initially placed at an angular position of 72 degrees with respect to one another and in the initialized position with the least interference (as in figure 3).
  • two star-shaped optical elements are rotated from this adjusted initial position in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time 72 degrees by means of the motor on which they are attached, and as a result of the accumulation of the viewpoint values on the detector, which is scanned by the non-intersecting arms of the star, two different perspectives will be obtained from two star-shaped optical elements. Then, the angular position difference of 72 degrees between these two optical elements is reset and the projection of the two optical elements is adjusted so that they overlap.
  • the two optical elements will be rotated 72 degrees in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time, by means of the motor on which they are attached, and the effective focal length that provides the new and third perspective obtained as a result of the effective focal length combination of two different star-shaped optical elements will be created.
  • the effective focal length of the third configuration is calculated as in the formula below.
  • Equation 3 the calculation of the 3 rd focal length, which consists of the combination of two star-shaped optical elements, is given.
  • the outermost part of the circle which is not used in any of the 3 viewpoint values of the detector, will be closed in such a way that it will not receive rays from the outside world and will be used for the estimation of the noise in the case of no photon falling.
  • the view of the part of the detector that does not receive images and on which no photons fall is given in Figure 7.
  • Figure 8 shows the real-world intersection of these three viewpoints.
  • the circle shown in Figure 8 shows all the largest viewpoint value according to the given example.
  • the viewpoint value of the region scanned only horizontally shows the second widest viewpoint created using only the first star-shaped optical element and intersects with the widest viewpoint.
  • the vertically shaded region shows the smallest viewpoint and intersects with the widest viewpoint.
  • the image of the detector of the third configuration which is formed as a result of the combination of the configuration of the two star-shaped optical elements, is given.
  • the part of the detector that does not receive any light is indicated by the 'A'.
  • the part indicated by ’B' shows the part that does not overlap with the other two viewpoints and is seen only by the third viewpoint.
  • the part indicated by 'C shows the part of the third view point that overlaps with the first viewpoint (25 mm) in the detector plane.
  • the part indicated by 'D' shows the part of the third view point that overlaps with the second viewpoint (100 mm) in the detector plane.
  • the average value of the pixels in the 'A' portion of the detector is calculated and this value is subtracted from the raw digital level value of the viewpoints in all three configurations.
  • Figure 10, Figure 1 1 and Figure 12 show three different viewpoints on the detector plane.
  • the part with 'A' indicates the area of the detector that does not receive any light.
  • the part with 'E' is used to show the part formed by the midpoint of the star in the detector plane.
  • 'B' indicates the third viewpoint, 'C the first viewpoint and 'D' the second viewpoint.
  • Equation 4 the mean value of the part of the detector on which no light falls is taken.
  • Equations 5,6 and 7 this value is subtracted from the raw data taken from each viewpoint (Equations 5,6 and 7) and irregularity correction is made by applying the gain and offset correction table obtained at the factory level to the raw data.
  • Equations 10 and 11 the matrices of the 3 rd viewpoint value, which intersect with viewpoint 2 and 1 in the detector plane, are equalized.
  • Rvalue is calculated by the image processing unit. Then, this value is subtracted from D ij3 , and a noise-reduced image is obtained.
  • the image processing unit provides the calculation of the noise value in the detector and the noise reduced image value after the offset correction.
  • the image processing unit is run on a device with a processor.
  • the devices on which the image processing unit is executed (worked) can be computer, tablet, server, or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) integrated circuits.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a star-shaped scanning method that provides multiple viewpoints using the same detector.

Description

SPECIFICATION
STAR-SHAPED SCANNING SYSTEM AND METHOD
Technical field of the invention
The invention relates to a star-shaped scanning method that provides multiple viewpoints using the same detector.
State of the Art
In present systems, more than one lens or lens set is moved back and forth to the detector with a motorised structure and changes the viewpoints falling on the detector. In current applications, there are gimbal mechanics in the seeker head and imaging systems that allow making the optical system and the detector complete to face different angles.
The invention, which is the subject of the prior art application numbered "US10077972", relates to a semi-active laser seeker for use with rotating projectiles, which includes a spatial sensor for collecting image data and has a spatial resolution of about 320x256 pixels.
The invention which is the subject of the application numbered "US20150028212" in the state of the art relates to optical sensor systems and particularly to optical systems that can provide a wide field of view and a narrow field of view that can be seen at the same time and show different parts of a monitored scene.
The invention which is the subject of the application numbered "US20180329062" in the state of the art relates to optical viewer systems that achieve wide field of view, narrowband imaging with micro-optical receiver channel arrays that minimize crosstalk and allow for tight spectral selectivity that is uniform throughout the receiver channel array.
In the state of the art, systems through which a system with three different viewpoints was created by rolling the star-shaped lenses with two different effective focal lengths on the optical axis, the noise of the image is reduced by ensuring the equality of the places where these viewpoints face, and are capable of detecting targets at greater distances than under normal conditions since this system can detect lower digital levels compared to target detection obtained before use are needed. In addition, there is a need for a system that allows the removal of the gimbal, which is located in the seeker head and imaging systems and allows making the optical system and the detector complete to face different angles.
As a result, due to the negativities described above and the inadequacy of the existing solutions on the subject, it was necessary to make an improvement in the relevant technical field.
The aim of the invention
The invention relates to a star-shaped scanning method that provides multiple viewpoints using the same detector.
The most important aim of the invention is to create a system with three different viewing angles by rolling star-shaped lenses with two different effective focal lengths on the optical axis.
Another aim of the invention is to enable the detection of targets at longer distances compared to the normal condition, as it can detect lower digital levels compared to target detection obtained before the use of this system.
Another aim of the invention is to remove the gimbal which is located in the seeker head and imaging systems and allows the optical system and the detector whole to be viewed from different angles.
Another aim of the invention is to reduce the noise of the image by ensuring the equality of the places where the viewpoints face each other.
The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly by means of the figures given below and the detailed description written with reference to these figures. For this reason, the evaluation should be made by taking these figures and detailed description into consideration. Description of drawings:
Figure 1 ; is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of the first optical element viewpoint value on the detector.
Figure 2; is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of the second optical element viewpoint value on the detector.
Figure 3; is the drawing that gives the image of the projection of two optical elements on the detector at the same time.
Figure 4; is the drawing that gives the display of the viewpoint value (4b) on the detector, which is formed on the detector as a result of the 72-degree angular scanning of the 25 mm optical element on the optical plane.
Figure 5; is the drawing that shows the viewpoint value (b) formed on the detector as a result of the 72-degree angular scanning of the 100 mm optical element on the optical plane.
Figure 6; is the drawing that shows the viewpoint value (5b) on the detector, which is formed on the detector as a result of the configuration consisting of the combination of two optical elements, making an angular scan of 72 degrees on the optical plane.
Figure 7; is the drawing that shows the part of the detector that does not receive any images and on which no photons fall.
Figure 8; is the drawing that gives a visual representation of different viewpoints.
Figure 9; is the drawing that gives the illustration of the 29x29 detector for an example configuration and the third viewpoint (20 mm) with the other two viewpoint and the part of the detector where no light falls.
Figure 10; is the representation of the third viewpoint on the detector plane.
Figure 11 ; is the representation of the second viewpoint on the detector plane.
Figure 12; is the representation of the first viewpoint on the detector plane. Description of the invention
With the invention, systems through which a system with three different viewpoints are created by rolling the star-shaped lenses with two different effective focal lengths on the optical axis, the noise of the image is reduced by ensuring the equality of the places where these viewpoints face, and it is ensured that the targets at greater distances than under normal conditions are detected since it can detect lower digital levels compared to target detection obtained before use of this system.
By using the same detector with the star-shaped scanning method, multiple viewpoints will be provided, thus the gimbal mechanics in the seeker head and imaging systems will be eliminated. The detector may be in the infra-red band (MWIR, SWIR or LWIR). The optical element shall be produced in the shape of 2 or more 5-sided stars with different effective focal lengths. The optical element is designed such that the entrance openings are equal.
The mechanical unit is located on the back surface of the optical elements and provides cutting the stray rays.
The bearing has the ability to rotate in the rolling axis and allows the optical element to be placed on it.
The motor enables the bearing to be rotated between 0 and 360 degrees and its multiples perpendicular to the optical axis by means of precision protractors. With this rotation, the angle of view obtained in the scene falls on the detector, depending on the effective focal length of each star-shaped optical element and the dimensions of the detector.
In Figure 1 , the projection of the first optical element's viewpoint value on the detector is given. In Figure 2, the projection of the second optical element’s viewpoint value on the detector is given. In Figure 3, the projection of two optical elements on the detector at the same time is given.
The effective focal length of the first optical element (lens) (m) is smaller than the effective focal length of the second optical element (n). Therefore, the star optical element with m value, which provides a wider viewing angle, is placed as the first element. Then, according to the order, the smallest optical element is placed in the outermost position. The optical elements are initially placed at an angular position of 72 degrees with respect to one another and in the initialized position with the least interference (as in figure 3). Afterwards, two star-shaped optical elements are rotated from this adjusted initial position in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time 72 degrees by means of the motor on which they are attached, and as a result of the accumulation of the viewpoint values on the detector, which is scanned by the non-intersecting arms of the star, two different perspectives will be obtained from two star-shaped optical elements. Then, the angular position difference of 72 degrees between these two optical elements is reset and the projection of the two optical elements is adjusted so that they overlap. Afterwards, the two optical elements will be rotated 72 degrees in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time, by means of the motor on which they are attached, and the effective focal length that provides the new and third perspective obtained as a result of the effective focal length combination of two different star-shaped optical elements will be created. The effective focal length of the third configuration is calculated as in the formula below.
Figure imgf000006_0001
In Equation 3, the calculation of the 3rd focal length, which consists of the combination of two star-shaped optical elements, is given.
For example, as a result of the combination of the 1 st star-shaped optical element with 25 mm effective focal length and the 2nd star-shaped optical element with 100 mm effective focal length, a 3rd focal length with 20 mm effective focal length is obtained. If the angle of view obtained with an optical element with an effective focal length of 100 mm is B, then the angle of view obtained with 25 mm is 4B, and the viewpoint value of the 3rd configuration formed by the combination of the two configurations is 5B. In this way, 3 different perspectives were obtained with the same detector as a result of rotating two star-shaped optical elements with and without angular difference with respect to each other without using a gimbal. The representation of these three different perspectives is given in Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 7.
The outermost part of the circle, which is not used in any of the 3 viewpoint values of the detector, will be closed in such a way that it will not receive rays from the outside world and will be used for the estimation of the noise in the case of no photon falling. The view of the part of the detector that does not receive images and on which no photons fall is given in Figure 7.
Figure 8 shows the real-world intersection of these three viewpoints. The circle shown in Figure 8 shows all the largest viewpoint value according to the given example. The viewpoint value of the region scanned only horizontally shows the second widest viewpoint created using only the first star-shaped optical element and intersects with the widest viewpoint. The vertically shaded region shows the smallest viewpoint and intersects with the widest viewpoint. By using data from this intersection and the parts of the detector that do not receive any images, the noise level at the widest viewing angle will be reduced, thereby increasing its robustness against lower digital levels. As a result, this system will be able to detect targets farther away than that of the time it was not used.
An example has been created so that the new method can be understood more clearly and calculations can be made. For a 29x29 detector, in the configuration formed with two optical elements in the 100 mm and 25 mm star-shape, a configuration with a total focal length of 20 mm was created as a result of the combination of the two configurations. In this configuration, it is assumed that the part in the middle of the starshaped optical element that prevents the digital level response in the middle in Figure 4 and Figure 5 is very small.
In Figure 9, the image of the detector of the third configuration, which is formed as a result of the combination of the configuration of the two star-shaped optical elements, is given. The part of the detector that does not receive any light is indicated by the 'A'. The part indicated by ’B' shows the part that does not overlap with the other two viewpoints and is seen only by the third viewpoint. The part indicated by 'C shows the part of the third view point that overlaps with the first viewpoint (25 mm) in the detector plane. The part indicated by 'D' shows the part of the third view point that overlaps with the second viewpoint (100 mm) in the detector plane. The average value of the pixels in the 'A' portion of the detector is calculated and this value is subtracted from the raw digital level value of the viewpoints in all three configurations. Figure 10, Figure 1 1 and Figure 12 show three different viewpoints on the detector plane. Here, the part with 'A' indicates the area of the detector that does not receive any light. The part with 'E' is used to show the part formed by the midpoint of the star in the detector plane. 'B' indicates the third viewpoint, 'C the first viewpoint and 'D' the second viewpoint.
Figure imgf000008_0001
In Equation 4, the mean value of the part of the detector on which no light falls is taken. Then, this value is subtracted from the raw data taken from each viewpoint (Equations 5,6 and 7) and irregularity correction is made by applying the gain and offset correction table obtained at the factory level to the raw data. In Equations 10 and 11 , the matrices of the 3rd viewpoint value, which intersect with viewpoint 2 and 1 in the detector plane, are equalized.
Figure imgf000009_0001
(Equation 11 )
Using Equations 8 and 9, Rvalue is calculated by the image processing unit. Then, this value is subtracted from Dij3 , and a noise-reduced image is obtained. The image processing unit provides the calculation of the noise value in the detector and the noise reduced image value after the offset correction. The image processing unit is run on a device with a processor. The devices on which the image processing unit is executed (worked) can be computer, tablet, server, or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) integrated circuits.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A star-shaped scanning system that provides three different viewpoints, comprising
- at least one detector which may be in the infra-red band,
- at least two five-sided star-shaped optical elements with equal entrance openings and different effective focal lengths,
- at least one mechanical unit, located on the back surface of the optical elements, for cutting stray rays,
- at least one bearing capable of rotation in its rolling axis and on which an optical element can be placed,
- at least one motor that rotates the bearing by means of precision protractors between 0 and 360 degrees and its multiples perpendicular to the optical axis of the bearing, and
- image processing unit that allows calculating the noise value in the detector and the noise-reduced image value after offset correction.
2. The operation method of the star-shaped scanning system that provides three different viewpoints, comprising the process steps of:
- placing optical elements from the inside out, with the viewpoints being from the widest to the narrowest,
- placing the optical elements in the initialized position, which ensures the least interference with one another,
- rotating the optical elements in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time 72 degrees by means of the motor,
- Obtaining two different viewpoints from two star-shaped optical elements as a result of the viewpoint values on the detector scanned by the non-intersecting arms of the star-shaped optical elements,
- zeroing the angular position difference between these two optical elements and thereby adjusting the projection of the two optical elements by the motor such that the projections are exactly overlapping, and
- rotating the optical element by the motor in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time by 72 degrees, creating the effective focal length that provides the third viewpoint obtained as a result of the effective focal length combination of two different star-shaped optical elements.
3. The operation method of the star-shaped scanning system that provides three different viewpoints according to Claim 2, wherein, in the process step of creating the effective focal length that provides the third viewpoint obtained as a result of the effective focal length combination of two different star-shaped optical elements by rotating the optical element by the motor in the same direction, at the same speed and at the same time 72 degrees, the effective focus of the third viewpoint is calculated by the image processing unit with the equation k=(m*n)/(m+n)
4. Star-shaped scanning system according to Claim 1 , comprising image processing unit that calculates the noise value in the detector after offset correction using equations
Figure imgf000011_0001
5. Star-shaped scanning system according to Claims 1 or 4, comprising image processing unit that provides noise-reduced image by subtracting the noise value found in the detector after the offset correction from the corrected image of the third viewpoint.
6. Star-shaped scanning system according to Claims 1 , comprising image processing unit that can run on a device with a processor.
7. Star-shaped scanning system according to Claims 6, wherein, the device on which the image processing unit works can be a computer, tablet, server or FPGA integrated circuits.
PCT/TR2023/050189 2022-02-28 2023-02-27 Star-shaped scanning system and method WO2023163689A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2022/002865 TR2022002865A2 (en) 2022-02-28 STAR SCAN SYSTEM AND METHOD
TR2022002865 2022-02-28

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0216571A2 (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-04-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Star scanner
JPS63241414A (en) * 1987-03-30 1988-10-06 Toshiba Corp Star scanner
EP2045646A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-08 Galileo Avionica S.p.A. Optical device, e.g. star sensor or the like, with a dual optical power lens to reduce stray light

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0216571A2 (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-04-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Star scanner
JPS63241414A (en) * 1987-03-30 1988-10-06 Toshiba Corp Star scanner
EP2045646A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-08 Galileo Avionica S.p.A. Optical device, e.g. star sensor or the like, with a dual optical power lens to reduce stray light

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